1
|
Yang Y, Ma N, Huang Y, Yang W, Zhu X, Liu T, Zhang H. Effects of phoxim on antibacterial infection of silver carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109628. [PMID: 38750706 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of phoxim in treating bacterial sepsis in silver carp is significant, yet its underlying mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to establish a model of Aeromonas veronii infection in silver carp and subsequently treat the infected fish with 10 μg/L phoxim. Kidney and intestine samples from silver carp were collected for transcriptome analysis and assessment of intestinal microbial composition, with the aim of elucidating the mechanism underlying the efficacy of phoxim in treating bacterial sepsis in silver carp. The results of transcriptome and intestinal microbial composition analysis of silver carp kidney indicated that A. veronii infection could up-regulate the expression of il1β, il6, nos2, ctsl, casp3 et al., which means, signifying that the kidney of silver carp would undergo inflammation, induce apoptosis, and alter the composition of intestinal microorganisms. Phoxim immersion might enhance the energy metabolism of silver carp and change its intestinal microbial composition, potentially elevating the antibacterial infection resistance of silver carp. These findings may contribute to an understanding of how phoxim can effectively treat bacterial sepsis in silver carp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Yang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China; Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng W, Ren Y, Yu C, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Lu L, Liu Y, Xu D. CyHV-2 infection triggers mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in GiCF cells by upregulating the pro-apoptotic gene ccBAX. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 147:109400. [PMID: 38253137 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a physiological cell death phenomenon, representing one of the fundamental physiological mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. Previous studies have observed typical apoptotic features in Carassius auratus gibelio caudal fin cell (GiCF) infected with Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), and found a significant up-regulation of ccBAX expression in these infected cells. However, the specific apoptotic mechanism involved remains unclear. In this study, we utilized the GiCF cell line to investigate the apoptotic mechanism during CyHV-2 infection. Immunofluorescence staining revealed translocation of ccBAX into mitochondria upon CyHV-2 infection. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that overexpression of ccBAX expedited virus-induced apoptosis, characterized by heightened mitochondrial depolarization, increased transcriptional levels of Cytochrome c (Cyto c) in both the cytoplasm and mitochondria, and augmented Caspase 3/7 enzyme activity. Bax inhibitor peptide V5 (BIP-V5), an inhibitor interfering with the function of Bax proteins, inhibited Bax-mediated apoptotic events through the mitochondrial pathway and attenuated apoptosis induced by CyHV-2. In this study, it was identified for the first time that CyHV-2 induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in GiCF cells, bridging an important gap in our understanding regarding cell death mechanisms induced by herpesvirus infections in fish species. These findings provide a theoretical basis for comprehending viral apoptotic regulation mechanisms and the prevention and control of cellular pathologies caused by CyHV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Cheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yilin Ren
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chenwei Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tianqi Zhou
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hosseindoost S, Dehpour AR, Dehghan S, Javadi SAH, Arjmand B, Fallah A, Hadjighassem M. Fluoxetine enhances the antitumor effect of olfactory ensheathing cell-thymidine kinase/ganciclovir gene therapy in human glioblastoma multiforme cells through upregulation of Connexin43 levels. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1739-1750. [PMID: 37769152 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most invasive form of primary brain astrocytoma, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-TK/GCV) gene therapy is considered a promising strategy for GBM treatment. Since Connexin43 (Cx43) expression is reduced in GBM cells, increasing Cx43 levels could enhance the effectiveness of gene therapy. The present study aims to examine the impact of fluoxetine on HSV-TK/GCV gene therapy in human GBM cells using human olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) as vectors. The effect of fluoxetine on Cx43 levels was assessed using the western blot technique. GBM-derived astrocytes and OECs-TK were Cocultured, and the effect of fluoxetine on the Antitumor effect of OEC-TK/GCV gene therapy was evaluated using MTT assay and flow cytometry. Our results showed that fluoxetine increased Cx43 levels in OECs and GBM cells and augmented the killing effect of OECs-TK on GBM cells. Western blot data revealed that fluoxetine enhanced the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and the levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the coculture of OECs-TK and GBM cells. Moreover, flow cytometry data indicated that fluoxetine increased the percentage of apoptotic cells in the coculture system. This study suggests that fluoxetine, by upregulating Cx43 levels, could strengthen the Antitumor effect of OEC-TK/GCV gene therapy on GBM cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saereh Hosseindoost
- Pain Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad R Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Dehghan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed A H Javadi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurosurgery Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Fallah
- Space Medicine B.V., Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Group, Mede Bioeconomy Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Xue M, Dai Y, Xie Y, Wei Y, Wang C, Tian M, Fan Y, Jiang N, Xu C, Liu W, Meng Y, Zhou Y. Chinese giant salamander Bcl-w: An inhibitory role in iridovirus-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and virus replication. Virus Res 2023; 335:199196. [PMID: 37597665 PMCID: PMC10445403 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) superfamily molecules play crucial roles in mitochondrial apoptosis induced by Chinese giant salamander iridovirus (GSIV). As an anti-apoptotic molecule in the BCL-2 family, the molecular mechanism of Bcl-w during GSIV infection remains unknown. In this study, we characterized for the first time an amphibian Bcl-w from Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus (AdBcl-w), and its function and regulatory mechanism during GSIV infection were investigated. AdBcl-w possesses the conserved structural features of Bcl-w and shares 35-54% sequence identities with other Bcl-w. mRNA expression of AdBcl-w was most abundant in liver and muscle. The AdBcl-w mRNA expression was regulated during GSIV infection. Western blotting assays revealed that the level of Bcl-w protein was downregulated markedly as the infection progresses. Confocal microscopy showed that overexpressed AdBcl-w was translocated to the mitochondria after infection with GSIV. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that compared with control, the apoptotic progress in cells transfected with AdBcl-w was reduced while that in cells transfected with AdBcl-w siRNA was enhanced. The number of virus major capsid protein gene copies was lower and protein synthesis was reduced in AdBcl-w overexpressing cells. In addition, AdBcl-w could bind directly to the pro-apoptotic molecule AdBak, while this interaction was weakened with GSIV infection. Moreover, p53 level was reduced and the mRNA expression levels of crucial regulatory molecules in the p53 pathway were regulated in AdBcl-w overexpressing cells during GSIV infection. These results suggested that AdBcl-w inhibit GSIV replication by regulating the virus induced mitochondrial apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China.
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yanlin Dai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yixing Xie
- Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve Affairs Center, Zhangjiajie, Hunan 427400, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve Affairs Center, Zhangjiajie, Hunan 427400, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve Affairs Center, Zhangjiajie, Hunan 427400, China
| | - Mingzhu Tian
- Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve Affairs Center, Zhangjiajie, Hunan 427400, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 8 Wudayuan First Road, Wuhan 430223, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Y, Zhu X, Liu Y, Xu N, Kong W, Ai X, Zhang H. Effect of Agaricus bisporus Polysaccharides (ABPs) on anti-CCV immune response of channel catfish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109051. [PMID: 37689228 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the effects of Agaricus bisporus Polysaccharides (ABPs) on anti-channel catfish virus (CCV) infections to promote their application in channel catfish culture were explored. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses were conducted on the spleen of a CCV-infected channel catfish model fed with or without ABPs. CCV infections upregulated many immune and apoptosis-related genes, such as IL-6, IFN-α3, IFN-γ1, IL-26, Casp3, Casp8, and IL-10, and activated specific immunity mediated by B cells. However, after adding ABPs, the expression of inflammation-related genes decreased in CCV-infected channel catfish, and the inflammatory inhibitors NLRC3 were upregulated. Meanwhile, the expression of apoptosis-related genes was reduced, indicating that ABPs can more rapidly and strongly enhance the immunity of channel catfish to resist viral infection. Moreover, the metabonomic analysis showed that channel catfish had a high energy requirement during CCV infection, and ABPs could enhance the immune function of channel catfish. In conclusion, ABPs can enhance the antiviral ability of channel catfish by enhancing immune response and regulating inflammation. Thus, these findings provided new insights into the antiviral response effects of ABPs, which might support their application in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao Y, Liu T, Liu J, Yang Y, Sun K, Li Z, Zhai X, Zuo D. ZYY-B-2, a novel ALK inhibitor, overcomes resistance to ceritinib by inhibiting P-gp function and induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway in ceritinib-resistant H2228 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 379:110516. [PMID: 37116853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene is a promising therapeutic strategy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. With the advent of the first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors, the mortality rate of lung cancer has shown a downward trend, but almost inevitably, patients will eventually develop resistance, which severely limits the clinical application. Hence, developing new ALK inhibitors which can overcome resistance is essential. Here, we synthesized a novel ALK inhibitor 1-[4-[[5-Chloro-4-[[2-[(1-methylethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]amino]-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-3-methoxyphenyl]-3-[2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-imidazolidinone (ZYY-B-2) based on the structure of the second-generation ALK inhibitor ceritinib. ZYY-B-2 exhibited impressive anti-proliferative effect in the EML4-ALK positive H2228 cells and ceritinib-resistant H2228 (H2228/Cer) cells. Meanwhile, ZYY-B-2 inhibited the activation of p-ALK in a concentration-dependent manner, and inactivated its downstream target proteins p-AKT and p-ERK to inhibit cell proliferation. Subsequently, we found that ZYY-B-2 blocked H2228 cells and H2228/Cer cells in G0/G1 phase and induced cells to undergo apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. The ability of its anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis was significantly stronger than the second generation ALK inhibitor ceritinib. In addition, high expression of P-gp was found in H2228/Cer cells compared with H2228 cells. ZYY-B-2 could inhibit the expression of P-gp in a dose-dependent manner to overcome ceritinib resistance, and the suppression effect of ZYY-B-2 on P-gp might be related to its inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, ZYY-B-2, a promising ALK inhibitor, shows potent activity against ceritinib-resistant cells, which provides experimental and theoretical basis for the further development of new ALK inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jingang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Keyan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cao Z, Yang X, Li T, Liu Z, Li P, Zhou Y, Sun Y. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of B-cell lymphoma-2 in Trachinotus ovatus and its role in apoptotic process. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129800. [PMID: 37006242 PMCID: PMC10063160 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionB-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) is the first identified member of the Bcl-2 family that performs an anti-apoptotic function in mammals. However, its role in teleosts is not fully understood. In this study, Bcl-2 of Trachinotus ovatus (TroBcl2) was cloned, and its role in apoptosis was investigated.MethodsIn this study, Bcl-2 of Trachinotus ovatus (TroBcl2) was cloned by PCR. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect its mRNA expression level in healthy condition and after LPS stimulation. Subcellular localization was performed by transfecting the pTroBcl2-N3 plasmid into golden pompano snout (GPS) cells and observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope DMi8 and further verified by immunoblotting. In vivo overexpression and RNAi knockdown method were performed to evaluate the role of TroBcl2 in apoptosis. The anti-apoptotic activity of TroBcl2 was detected by flow cytometry. The effect of TroBcl2 on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured by an enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit with JC-1. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was performed to evaluate the role of TroBcl2 in the DNA fragmentation. Immunoblotting was used to verify whether TroBcl2 inhibits the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. The Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 Activity Assay Kits were used to investigate the effect of TroBcl2 on caspase 3 and caspase 9 activities. The effects of TroBcl2 on the expression of apoptosis-related and nuclear factor- κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related genes in vitro were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the activity in NF-κB signaling pathway.Results and discussionThe full-length coding sequence of TroBcl2 contains 687 bp and encodes a protein containing 228 amino acids. Four conserved Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains and one invariant “NWGR” motif located in BH1 were identified in TroBcl2. In healthy T. ovatus, TroBcl2 was widely distributed in the eleven tested tissues, and higher expression levels were found in immune-related tissues, such as spleen and head kidney tissues. After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the expression of TroBcl2 in the head kidney, spleen, and liver was significantly upregulated. In addition, subcellular localization analysis revealed that TroBcl2 was localized in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Functional experiments showed that TroBcl2 inhibited apoptosis, possibly by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential loss, decreasing DNA fragmentation, preventing cytochrome c release into cytoplasm, and reducing the caspase 3 and caspase 9 activations. Moreover, upon LPS stimulation, overexpression of TroBcl2 suppressed the activation of several apoptosis-related genes, such as BOK, caspase-9, caspase-7, caspase-3, cytochrome c, and p53. Furthermore, knockdown of TroBcl2 significantly increased the expression of those apoptosis-related genes. In addition, TroBcl2 overexpression or knockdown induced or inhibited, respectively, the transcription of NF-κB and regulated the expression of genes (such as NF-κB1 and c-Rel) in the NF-κB signaling pathway as well as the expression of the downstream inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Overall, our study suggested that TroBcl2 performs its conserved anti-apoptotic function via the mitochondrial pathway and may serve as an anti-apoptotic regulator in T. ovatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiru Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Shen W, Ding J, Gao X, Wu X, Zhu J. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Head Kidney of Aeromonas hydrophila-infected Hypoxia-tolerant and Normal Large Yellow Croaker. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:1039-1054. [PMID: 36129638 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is one of the most economically important marine fish on the southeast coast of China and much of its yield is usually lost by hypoxia. To address this problem and lay a foundation for culturing a new strain of large yellow croaker with hypoxia tolerance, our research group screened a hypoxia-tolerant population of L. crocea. Surprisingly, we also found that hypoxia-tolerant population exhibited higher survival when infected with pathogens compared to the normal population during the farming operation. In order to understand the mechanism underlying the higher survival rate of the hypoxia-tolerant population and enrich the head kidney immune mechanism of L. crocea infected with pathogens, we compared and analyzed the head kidney transcriptome of the hypoxia-tolerant and normal individuals under Aeromonas hydrophila infection. We obtained 159.68 GB high-quality reads, of which more than 87.61% were successfully localized to the reference genome of L. crocea. KEGG analysis revealed differentially expressed genes in the signaling pathways involving immunity, cell growth and death, transport and catabolism, and metabolism. Among these, the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Nod-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, phagosome, apoptosis, and OXPHOS pathways were enriched in both groups after infection compared to before, and were enriched in infected tolerant individuals compared to normal individuals. In addition, we found that the expression of hif1α and its downstream genes were higher in the hypoxia-sensitive group of fish than in the normal group. In conclusion, our results showed some signaling pathways and hub genes, which may participate in A. hydrophila defense in the head kidney of two populations, and may contribute to the higher survival rate in the hypoxia-tolerant population. Overall, these findings increase our understanding of the defense mechanism within the head kidney of L. crocea under A. hydrophila infection, and suggest a preliminary hypothesis for why hypoxia-tolerant individuals may exhibit a higher survival rates after infection. Our study provides scientific evidence for the breeding of a new hypoxia-tolerant strain of L. crocea for aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jie Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiongfei Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV) Triggers Mitochondria-Mediated Dynamic Interaction Signals via an Imbalance of Bax/Bak over Bcl-2/Bcl-xL in Fish Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050922. [PMID: 35632664 PMCID: PMC9144193 DOI: 10.3390/v14050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) infections is important but has rarely been studied in connection to host organelle behavior. In the present study, we demonstrated that ISKNV can induce host cell death via a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member imbalance in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP or ΔΨm) regulation in GF-1 cells. The results of our study on ISKNV infection showed that it can induce host cell death by up to 80% at day 5 post-infection. Subsequently, in an apoptotic assay, ISKNV infection was seen to induce an increase in Annexin-V-positive signals by 20% and in propidium iodide (PI) staining-positive signals by up to 30% at day 5 (D5) in GF-1 cells. Then, through our studies on the mechanism of cell death in mitochondria function, we found that ISKNV can induce MMP loss by up to 58% and 78% at days 4 and 5 with a JC1 dye staining assay. Furthermore, we found that pro-apoptotic members Bax and Bak were upregulated from the early replication stage (day one) to the late stage (day 5), but the expression profiles were very dynamically different. On the other hand, by Western blotted analysis, the anti-apoptotic members Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were upregulated very quickly at the same time from day one (two-fold) and continued to maintain this level at day five. Finally, we found that pro-apoptotic death signals strongly activated the downstream signals of caspase-9 and -3. Taken together, these results suggest that ISKNV infection can induce Bax/Bak-mediated cell death signaling downstream of caspase-9 and -3 activation. During the viral replication cycle with the cell death induction process, the anti-apoptotic members Bcl-2/Bcl-xL interacted with the pro-apoptotic members Bax/Bak to maintain the mitochondrial function in the dynamic interaction so as to maintain the MMP in GF-1 cells. These findings may provide insights into DNA-virus control and treatment.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Q, Fu C, Yang H, Zhou C, Kang J, Chen L, Kong Z, Tan Z, Tang S. Effect of alfalfa substituted with ramie on the expression of apoptotic genes in the gastrointestinal tracts of goats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2400-2407. [PMID: 35844930 PMCID: PMC9281928 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of alfalfa hay substituted with ramie silage on the expression of apoptotic genes in the gastrointestinal tract of goats. Thirty‐two goats were randomly allocated into four groups, in which the alfalfa was substituted with ramie at 0%, 35%, 75%, and 100% levels, respectively. In the rumen, the mRNA expression of Bax was significantly up‐regulated (p = .0007) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie; the mRNA expression of Bcl‐2/Bax was significantly down‐regulated (p = .02) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with the 75% substituted treatment; the protein expression of Bcl‐xl was significantly down‐regulated (p = .03) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with 35% and 75% substituted treatments, respectively. In the jejunum, the mRNA expression of p53 was significantly up‐regulated (p = .01) when alfalfa was 100% substituted by ramie compared with 0% and 35% substituted treatments; the protein expression of p53 was significantly up‐regulated (p = .001) when alfalfa was 35% substituted by ramie compared with 0% and 75% substituted treatments. However, the activity of Caspase‐3 was not affected by different substituting levels of ramie in the rumen and jejunum of goats (p > .05). In conclusion, ramie with high substitution had strong antinutritional effect, which might promote the apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract of goats in a caspase‐independent manner, thus affecting the growth and development of goat. It was suggested that ramie should not replace alfalfa more than 35% in the process of goat feeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Life Science and Environment Hengyang Normal University Hengyang China
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Nanchang China
| | - Chao Fu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Nanchang China
| | - Hai Yang
- College of Life Science and Environment Hengyang Normal University Hengyang China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jinhe Kang
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
| | - Zhiwei Kong
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- Key Laboratory for Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Overexpression of Bcl2 and Bcl2L1 Can Suppress Betanodavirus-Induced Type III Cell Death and Autophagy Induction in GF-1 Cells. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Betanodavirus infection induces viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in fish. However, the role of cell death and autophagy in the pathogenesis of VNN remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection on Bcl2 downregulation and overexpression on asymmetric interaction between cell death and autophagy. The mRFP-LC3 reporter system was used to identify autophagosome formation in GF-1 (Grouper fin-1) fish cells. We found that the RGNNV could strongly induce autophagosome formation 36 h post-infection (hpi) after autophagy inhibitor 3-MA had downregulated anti-apoptotic genes such as Bcl2 and Bcl2L1 (Bcl-xL). We proposed that the overexpression of Bcl2 and Bcl2L1 can modulate both cell death and autophagy. Then, we found that it can also reduce either type III cell death or autophagy, which are mildly correlated with reduced viral replication. Our data suggest that RGNNV-induced Bcl2 downregulation correlates with the asymmetrical interaction between cell death induction and the autophagy process, which resembles viral replication.
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu X, Wu Y, Li H, Xie J, Cao D, Huang X. Notch pathway inhibitor DAPT accelerates in vitro proliferation and adipogenesis in infantile hemangioma stem cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:854. [PMID: 34777588 PMCID: PMC8581475 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is crucial in both adipogenesis and tumor development. It serves a vital role in the development and stability of blood vessels and may be involved in the proliferative phase of infantile hemangiomas, which express various related receptors. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the Notch signaling pathway inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a γ-secretase inhibitor, might help accelerate the regression of infantile hemangiomas. The present in vitro study evaluated whether inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway using DAPT could alter adipogenesis in hemangioma stem cells (HemSCs) derived from infantile hemangioma (IH) specimens. A total of 20 infants (age, ≤6 months) with hemangiomas who had not yet received any treatment were selected, and their discarded hemangioma tissues were obtained. HemSCs were isolated from the fresh, sterile IH specimens and treated with DAPT. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to demonstrate the inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway by DAPT. A proliferation assay (Cell Counting Kit-8), oil red O staining, flow cytometry and a transwell assay were used to detect proliferation, adipogenesis, apoptosis and migration of HemSCs. Treatment with DAPT upregulated the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) α, C/EBPβ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor 1, and promoted the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and lipid accumulation in HemSCs in vitro. Targeting the Notch signaling pathway using DAPT may potentially accelerate the regression of infantile hemangiomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Honghong Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Cao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Y, Fan Y, Zhou Y, Jiang N, Xue M, Meng Y, Liu W, Zhang J, Lin G, Zeng L. Bcl-xL Reduces Chinese Giant Salamander Iridovirus-Induced Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Interacting with Bak and Inhibiting the p53 Pathway. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112224. [PMID: 34835028 PMCID: PMC8622046 DOI: 10.3390/v13112224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese giant salamander iridovirus (GSIV) infection could lead to mitochondrial apoptosis in this animal, a process that involves B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) superfamily molecules. The mRNA expression level of Bcl-xL, a crucial antiapoptotic molecule in the BCL-2 family, was reduced in early infection and increased in late infection. However, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the function and regulatory mechanisms of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) Bcl-xL (AdBcl-xL) during GSIV infection were investigated. Western blotting assays revealed that the level of Bcl-xL protein was downregulated markedly as the infection progressed. Plasmids expressing AdBcl-xL or AdBcl-xL short interfering RNAs were separately constructed and transfected into Chinese giant salamander muscle cells. Confocal microscopy showed that overexpressed AdBcl-xL was translocated to the mitochondria after infection with GSIV. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that apoptotic progress was reduced in both AdBcl-xL-overexpressing cells compared with those in the control, while apoptotic progress was enhanced in cells silenced for AdBcl-xL. A lower number of copies of virus major capsid protein genes and a reduced protein synthesis were confirmed in AdBcl-xL-overexpressing cells. Moreover, AdBcl-xL could bind directly to the proapoptotic molecule AdBak with or without GSIV infection. In addition, the p53 level was inhibited and the mRNA expression levels of crucial regulatory molecules in the p53 pathway were regulated in AdBcl-xL-overexpressing cells during GSIV infection. These results suggest that AdBcl-xL plays negative roles in GSIV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and virus replication by binding to AdBak and inhibiting p53 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Z.); (N.J.); (M.X.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-81785190
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid extracted and purified from the aerial parts of plants belonging to genus Andrographis (Acanthaceae). The research has shown the plant based compound is low cytotoxic, having antimicrobial, anti-cancer, antiviral and anti-parasitic effects. Andrographolide both prevent spread as well as transmission of virus to neighboring cells by interfering with different cell signaling pathways. In addition to its medicinal value, plant has been found having nutritional value. Therefore being cost effective, easy availability and having nutritional value as a natural supplement, can be used to improve the quality of life in countries having low standard of living. Due to the limited number of effective vaccines, the plant-based antiviral drugs have provided considerable hope for fighting against the viral infections. The plant-derived compound when produced in large quantities is cost effective with low cytotoxic effects. However, much deep insight research at the molecular level is needed to develop the molecules against the viral infection. This paper aims to highlight the antiviral role of Andrographolide that can made significant contributions toward the improvement of human health and will also summarize the current status and future strategies concerning the therapeutic applications of Andrographolide to combat different viral disease in humans.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liaw J, Hsieh WH, Chiou SH, Huang YS, Chang SF. Assessment of the Oral Delivery of a Myelin Basic Protein Gene Promoter with Antiapoptotic bcl-x L (pMBP-bcl-x L) DNA by Cyclic Peptide Nanotubes with Two Aspect Ratios and Its Biodistribution in the Brain and Spinal Cord. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2556-2573. [PMID: 34110176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclo-(D-Trp-Tyr) peptide nanotubes (PNTs) were reported to be potential carriers for oral gene delivery in our previous study; however, the effect of the aspect ratio (AR) of these PNTs on gene delivery in vivo could affect penetration or interception in biological environments. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of cyclo-(D-Trp-Tyr) PNTs with two ARs as carriers for oral pMBP-bcl-xL-hRluc delivery to the spinal cord to treat spinal cord injury (SCI). We evaluated the biodistribution of oligodendrocyte (OLG)-specific myelin basic protein gene promoter-driven antiapoptotic DNA (pMBP-bcl-xL) to the brain and spinal cord delivered with cyclo-(D-Trp-Tyr) PNTs with large (L) and small (S) PNTs with two ARs. After complex formation, the length, width, and AR of the L-PNTs/DNA were 77.86 ± 3.30, 6.51 ± 0.28, and 13.75 ± 7.29 μm, respectively, and the length and width of the S-PNTs/DNA were 1.17 ± 0.52 and 0.17 ± 0.05 μm, respectively, giving an AR of 7.12 ± 3.17 as detected by scanning electron microscopy. Each of these three parameters exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) between L-PNTs/DNA and S-PNTs/DNA. However, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the L-PNTs and S-PNTs for either their DNA encapsulation efficiency (29.72 ± 14.19 and 34.31 ± 16.78%, respectively) or loading efficiency (5.15 ± 2.58 and 5.95 ± 2.91%). The results of the in vitro analysis showed that the S-PNT/DNA complexes had a significantly higher DNA release rate and DNA permeation in the duodenum than the L-PNT/DNA complexes. Using Cy5 and TM-rhodamine to individually and chemically conjugate the PNTs with plasmid DNA, we observed, using laser confocal microscopy, that the PNTs and DNA colocalized in complexes. We further confirmed the complexation between DNA and the PNTs using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Data from an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in PNT distribution between L-PNTs/DNA and S-PNTs/DNA within 4 h. However, the S-PNT/DNA group had a significantly higher DNA distribution (p < 0.05) in several organs, including the ilium, heart, lungs, spleen, kidneys, testes, brain, and spinal cord. Finally, we determined the bcl-xL protein expression levels in the brain and spinal cord regions for the L-PNT/DNA and S-PNT/DNA complex formulations. These results suggested that either L-PNTs or S-PNTs may be used as potential carriers for oral gene delivery to treat SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahorng Liaw
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsun Chiou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Fen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Luo Y, Fu X, Han B, Zhang F, Yuan L, Men H, Zhang S, Tian S, Dong B, Meng M. The Apoptosis Mechanism of Epirubicin Combined with BCG on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1571-1581. [PMID: 32357825 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200502004002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of our study was to explore the combination effect of epirubicin and Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and its mechanism. BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a threat to human health worldwide. Commonly used chemotherapy drugs and biotherapy have significant therapeutic effects on bladder cancer, but the mechanism and combined effects are still unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-cancer effect of epirubicin combined with BCG on human bladder cancer cells, our studies were carried out. METHODS The viability of human bladder cancer cells with epirubicin and/or BCG treatments was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle phase were determined by flow cytometry analysis. Pre-apoptosis factors of caspase-3, p53, B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein (Bax) and anti-apoptosis factor of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were detected by western blot. RESULTS The viability of human bladder cancer with epirubicin or BCG treatment was decreased and the viability with epirubicin combined with BCG treatment was decreased more, which were determined by CCK-8 assay. Both epirubicin and BCG increased the apoptosis rate of human bladder cancer and arrested more cells into G0/G1 phase, which were tested by flow cytometry. The expression of caspase-3, p53 and Bax was increased and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased with epirubicin treatment on human bladder cells, which were analyzed by western blot. The expression of caspase-3 and p53 was increased with BCG treatment, which was examined by western blot. CONCLUSION Epirubicin induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of proapoptotic factors (caspase-3, p53 and Bax) and down-regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2). BCG promoted apoptosis of human bladder cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of caspase-3 and p53. BCG plays a potential role at the time of the combination of epirubicin and BCG on bladder cancer cells in early stage. Both epirubicin and BCG affected cell cycle distribution via arresting more bladder cancer cells at G0/G1 phase, which ultimately led bladder cancer proliferation in vitro and promoted apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fafu Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lihong Yuan
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Shulin Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Sujuan Tian
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Minjie Meng
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu L, Chen Q, Chu X, Luo Y, Feng Z, Lu L, Zhang Y, Xu D. Expression and regulation of ccBAX by miR-124 in the caudal fin cell of C. auratus gibelio upon cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:837-845. [PMID: 33400351 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bcl2 family proteins play a critical role in cell death or survival. BAX, the death-promoting protein of bcl2 family, mediated mitochondrial pathway inducing cells' apoptosis in mammal. MiRNAs have been implicated as negative regulators down-regulating genes' expression after post-transcriptional level. At present, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of miRNA on the Bcl2 family proteins during CyHV-2 infection in silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). In this study, the ccBAX (silver crucian carp BAX) gene was cloned and expressed, and polyclonal antibodies were raised in mouse against the purified ccBAX-GST fusion protein. The structure analysis indicated that ccBAX protein included four conserve domains (BH1, BH2, BH3 and transmembrane domains) and the expression of ccBAX protein occurred throughout the cells. Furthermore, two miRNAs (miR-124 and miRNA-29b) were identified to negatively regulate ccBAX gene expression in GiCF cell. miR-124 was found to suppress the expression of WT-ccBAX (wild type), but not the MT-ccBAX (mutant). Overall, the results demonstrated that the expression of the ccBAX gene was significantly down-regulated by miR-124 in silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) during CyHV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qikang Chen
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Chu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Luo
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizhao Feng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Yamamoto Y, Imanishi M, Zhang X, Sato M, Sugaya A, Hirose M, Endo S, Natori Y, Moriwaki T, Yamato K, Hyodo I. Enhanced G1 arrest and apoptosis via MDM4/MDM2 double knockdown and MEK inhibition in wild-type TP53 colon and gastric cancer cells with aberrant KRAS signaling. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:558. [PMID: 34084225 PMCID: PMC8161467 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine double minute homolog 2 (MDM2) is an oncoprotein that induces p53 degradation via ubiquitin-ligase activity. MDM4 cooperates with MDM2-mediated p53 degradation, directly inhibiting p53 transcription by binding to its transactivation domain. Our previous study reported that the simultaneous inhibition of MDM2 and MDM4 using nutlin-3 (an inhibitor of the MDM2-p53 interaction) and chimeric small interfering RNA with DNA-substituted seed arms (named chiMDM2 and chiMDM4) more potently activated p53 than the MDM2 or MDM4 inhibitor alone and synergistically augmented antitumor effects in various types of cancer cells with the wild-type (wt) TP53. Recently, the synergism of MDM2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors has been demonstrated in wt TP53 colorectal and non-small cell lung cancer cells harboring mutant-type (mt) KRAS. The current study examined whether chiMDM4 augmented the synergistic antitumor effects of MDM2 and MEK inhibition using chiMDM2 or nutlin-3 and trametinib, respectively. ChiMDM2 and trametinib used in combination demonstrated a synergistic antitumor activity in HCT116 and LoVo colon cancer cells, and SNU-1 gastric cancer cells harboring wt TP53 and mt KRAS. Furthermore, chiMDM4 synergistically enhanced this combinational effect. Similar results were observed when nutlin-3 was used instead of chiMDM2. MDM4/MDM2 double knockdown combined with trametinib treatment enhanced G1 arrest and apoptosis induction. This was associated with the accumulation of p53, suppression of phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2, inhibition of retinoblastoma phosphorylation, suppression of E2F1-activated proteins, and potent activation of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Fas and p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis. The results inidcated that the triple inhibition of MDM4, MDM2 and MEK exerted a potent antitumor effect in wt TP53 colon and gastric cancer cells with mt KRAS. Simultaneous activation of p53 and inhibition of aberrant KRAS signaling may be a rational treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Mamiko Imanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masashi Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akinori Sugaya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Ibaraki 309-1793, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Hirose
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tsuchiura Clinical Education and Training Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki 300-8585, Japan
| | - Shinji Endo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Matsudo, Chiba 270-0034, Japan
| | | | - Toshikazu Moriwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ichinosuke Hyodo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime 791-0280, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jin BR, Cheon SY, Kim HJ, Kim MS, Lee KH, An HJ. Anti-Proliferative Effects of Standardized Cornus officinalis on Benign Prostatic Epithelial Cells via the PCNA/E2F1-Dependent Cell Cycle Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249567. [PMID: 33334082 PMCID: PMC7765524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornus officinalis, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits pharmacological effects against erectile dysfunction and pollakisuria, which are pathological symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Although traditional usage and a study on BPH have been reported, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the exact molecular mechanism(s) underlying the anti-proliferative effects of standardized C. officinalis on prostatic cells. We standardized C. officinalis 30% ethanol extract (COFE) and demonstrated the therapeutic effects of COFE on human BPH epithelial cells and testosterone-induced BPH in rats. In vitro studies using BPH-1 cells demonstrated an upregulation of BPH-related and E2F Transcription Factor 1(E2F1)-dependent cell cycle markers, whereas treatment with COFE clearly inhibited the proliferation of BPH epithelial cells and reduced the overexpression of G1 and S checkpoint genes. Additionally, COFE administration alleviated the androgen-dependent prostatic enlargement in a testosterone-induced BPH animal model. COFE exerted these anti-BPH effects by the inhibition of anti-apoptotic markers, suppression of PCNA expression, and regulation of E2F1/pRB-dependent cell cycle markers in rats with BPH. These results suggest that COFE exerts anti-proliferative effect by regulating PCNA/E2F1-dependent cell cycle signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of COFE, which could be used as a substitute for BPH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (S.-Y.C.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Se-Yun Cheon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (S.-Y.C.); (H.-J.K.)
- AmcoBio Inc., 1789 Nambusunhwan-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08758, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (S.-Y.C.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Myoung-Seok Kim
- Central Research of Hawon Pharmaceutical, JangHeung 59338, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Central Research of Hawon Pharmaceutical, JangHeung 59338, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (S.-Y.C.); (H.-J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-738-7503; Fax: +82-33-730-0679
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Meltendorf S, Fu H, Pierau M, Lindquist JA, Finzel S, Mertens PR, Gieseler-Halbach S, Ambach A, Thomas U, Lingel H, Voll RE, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. Cell Survival Failure in Effector T Cells From Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Following Insufficient Up-Regulation of Cold-Shock Y-Box Binding Protein 1. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1721-1733. [PMID: 32475063 DOI: 10.1002/art.41382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of cold-shock Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) for cell homeostasis is well-documented based on prior observations of its association with certain cancer entities. This study was undertaken to explore the role of YB-1 in T cell homeostasis and survival and the potential contribution of YB-1 to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS In the peripheral blood from 25 SLE patients and 25 healthy donors, the expression of YB-1 and frequency of T cell apoptosis was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting of CD4+ T cells ex vivo and also analyzed in T cells in vitro after 6 days of stimulation with anti-CD3-coupled or anti-CD3/anti-CD28-coupled microspheres. YB-1 was overexpressed using lentiviral transduction with wild-type green fluorescent protein (wtGFP) YB-1, and knockdown of YB-1 was achieved using specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) (3-fold reduction; P < 0.0001). RESULTS YB-1 expression was significantly lower in apoptosis-prone T cells and in activated T cells from SLE patients compared to YB-1 expression in nonapoptotic T cells and activated T cells from healthy donors (P = 0.001). Knockdown of YB-1 in T cells consequently led to expression of proapoptotic molecules and caspase 3 activation (1.6-fold), and subsequently, to apoptosis. Furthermore, YB-1 promoted survival pathways involving enhanced protein expression of the kinase Akt (2-fold) and Bcl-2 (3-fold), even when Fas/CD95 was triggered. YB-1-mediated T cell survival was reversed by Akt and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inactivation. In SLE patients, rescue of YB-1 expression strongly promoted survival of T cells and even prevented cell death in T cells that were extremely apoptosis-prone. CONCLUSION Our data show that failure of YB-1 up-regulation in T cells from SLE patients led to enhanced apoptosis. These findings imply that YB-1 plays a crucial role in the disturbed homeostasis of activated T cells leading to hematopoietic alterations in SLE. These insights may help facilitate the development of new treatment strategies for SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meltendorf
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hang Fu
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Pierau
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Finzel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Ambach
- Department of Dermatology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Holger Lingel
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Voll
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cheon SY, Jin BR, Kim HJ, An HJ. Oleanolic Acid Ameliorates Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating PCNA-Dependent Cell Cycle Progression In Vivo and In Vitro. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1183-1189. [PMID: 32191471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural, biologically active pentacyclic triterpenoid found in Cornus officinalis. Although C. officinalis and OA have antiproliferative actions, the effects and mechanisms of OA in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are unclear. We examined the effect of OA in an animal model of testosterone-induced BPH. Male rats were injected with testosterone propionate with or without OA. The inhibitory effect of OA on BPH-1 cells was determined in vitro. Rats with BPH exhibited outstanding BPH symptoms, including prostatic enlargement, upregulated dihydrotestosterone and 5α-reductase 2 levels, and histological changes. Compared with the BPH group, the OA group showed fewer pathological alterations and regular androgen events. OA inhibited prostate cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cell cycle markers in BPH-induced animals. This indicated that OA has superior therapeutic effect in the BPH animal model than finasteride. In vitro studies demonstrated upregulation of PCNA and cell cycle proteins, whereas OA clearly reduced this upregulation. Thus, OA may inhibit the development of BPH by targeting cell cycle progression markers. These suggest that OA is a potential agent for BPH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Yun Cheon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine and Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sang-ji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen KW, Chiu HW, Chiu YW, Wu JL, Hong JR. EPA and DHA can modulate cell death via inhibition of the Fas/tBid-mediated signaling pathway with ISKNV infection in grouper fin cell line (GF-1) cells. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 97:608-616. [PMID: 31614198 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play important roles in organisms, including the structure and liquidity of cell membranes, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. Very little has been done in terms of the effect of PUFAs on cell death, especially on DNA virus. In this study, we demonstrated that the infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) can induce host cell death via the apoptotic cell death pathway, which correlated to modulation by PUFAs in grouper fin cell line (GF-1) cells. We screened the PUFAs, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), for the ability of different dosages to prevent cell death in GF-1 cells with ISKNV infection. In the results, each 10 μM of DHA and EPA treatment enhanced host cell viability up to 80% at day 5 post-infection. Then, in Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay, DHA- and EPA-treated groups reduced TUNEL positive signals 50% in GF-1 cells with ISKNV infection. Then, through studies of the mechanism of cell death, we found that ISKNV can induce both the Bax/caspase-3 and Fas/caspase-8/tBid death signaling pathways in GF-1 cells, especially at day 5 post-infection. Furthermore, we found that DHA and EPA treatment can either prevent caspase-3 activation on 17-kDa form cleavage or Bid cleaved (15-kDa form) for activation by caspase-8, apparently. On the other hand, the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was upregulated 0.3-fold and 0.15-fold at day 3 and day 5, respectively, compared to ISKNV-infected and DHA-treated cells; that this did not happen in the EPA-treated group showed that different PUFAs trigger different signals. Finally, ISKNV-infected GF-1 cells treated with either DHA or EPA showed a 5-fold difference in viral titer at day 5. Taken together, these results suggest that optimal PUFA treatment can affect cell death signaling through both the intrinsic and extrinsic death pathways, reducing viral expression and viral titer in GF-1 cells. This finding may provide insight in DNA virus infection and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Wen Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsuan-Wen Chiu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Wei Chiu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Leih Wu
- Laboratory of Marine Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jiann-Ruey Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No 1. University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Guo M, Chen K, Lv Z, Shao Y, Zhang W, Zhao X, Li C. Bcl-2 mediates coelomocytes apoptosis by suppressing cytochrome c release in Vibrio splendidus challenged Apostichopus japonicus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:103533. [PMID: 31669879 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved immune response and plays a fundamental role in many physiological processes. In this study, the important apoptosis regulator of Bcl-2 homolog from economic marine animal Apostichopus japonicus (AjBcl-2) was cloned and its roles in V. splendidus infection explored. The AjBcl-2 gene contains 3263 nucleotides, with a 5' UTR of 519 bp, an ORF of 660 bp encoding 219 aa sequences, and a 3' UTR of 2084 bp. The AjBcl-2 protein shared a conserved Bcl domain and three Bcl-2 homology domains by SMART program. In healthy sea cucumbers, AjBcl-2 mRNA was expressed in all examined tissues with the peak expression in coelomocytes. The mRNA and protein levels of AjBcl-2 in coelomocytes were depressed at 12 h and 24 h, and induced at 48 h post V. splendidus challenge. In the same conditions, coelomocytes apoptosis rates were significantly increased at 24 h and decreased at 48 h. Moreover, siRNA-mediated AjBcl-2 knockdown significantly increased the coelomocytes apoptosis rates, which could be partially recovered by recombinant AjBcl-2 administration. Furthermore, there was an increase in the AjCyt c protein expression coupled with the downregulation expression of AjBcl-2 post AjBcl-2 silencing. Our results suggested that AjBcl-2 suppressed apoptosis by preventing the AjCyt c release in coelomocytes, and thus mediating V. splendidus infection in sea cucumbers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Kaiyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Zhimeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Yina Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Copper Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Mouse Liver. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1359164. [PMID: 32411316 PMCID: PMC7201649 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1359164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element involved in the normal physiological processes of animals. However, excessive exposure to Cu can produce numerous detrimental impacts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Cu on oxidative stress and apoptosis as well as their relationship in the mouse liver. Four-week-old ICR mice (n = 240) were randomly assigned to different Cu (Cu2+-CuSO4) treatment groups (0, 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg) for periods of 21 and 42 days. The high doses of Cu exposure could induce oxidative stress, by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carbonyls (PC) and decreasing the activities of antisuperoxide anion (ASA) and antihydroxyl radical (AHR) and content of glutathione (GSH), as well as activities and mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Moreover, high doses of Cu exposure induced hepatic apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as characterized by the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of cytosolic cytochrome (Cyt c), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), endonuclease G (Endo G), apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, Bcl-2 antagonist killer (Bak), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (Bim); and decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-extra-large (Bcl-xL). Furthermore, the activation of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNF-R1) signaling pathway was involved in Cu-induced apoptosis, as characterized by the significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-R1, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), TNFR-associated death domain (TRADD), and cleaved caspase-8. These results indicated that exposure to excess Cu could cause oxidative stress triggered by ROS overproduction and diminished antioxidant function, which in turn promoted hepatic apoptosis via mitochondrial apoptosis and that the TNF-R1 signaling pathway was also involved in the Cu-induced apoptosis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang X, Li Z, Bai J, Song W, Zhang F. miR‑17‑5p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of human trabecular meshwork cells by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3132-3138. [PMID: 30816540 PMCID: PMC6423565 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness. Previous studies have indicated that the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of trabecular meshwork cells (TMCs) may serve a key role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, and that micro RNA(miR)-17-5p may be involved in this process. However, the specific mechanisms require further investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of miR-17-5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of human TMCs (HTMCs) in response to oxidative stress. It was observed that exposure to H2O2 induced a significant decrease in the proliferation and a marked increase in the apoptosis of HTMCs. H2O2 exposure also suppressed the expression of miR-17-5p and promoted the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Furthermore, transient overexpression of miR-17-5p induced a significant increase in the proliferation and a significant decrease in the apoptosis of HTMCs by affecting the expression of PTEN, and the apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). However, knockdown of miR-17-5p demonstrated the opposite results. The results of a dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PTEN may be a direct target of miR-17-5p. In conclusion, miR-17-5p was downregulated in HTMCs under oxidative conditions, and miR-17-5p may regulate the apoptosis of HTMCs by targeting PTEN. These results provide a novel theoretical basis and potential therapeutic target for the treatment of glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Wuqi Song
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang X, Wang W, Wang JZ, Yang C, Liang CZ. Effect of apigenin on apoptosis induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and in vitro. Ren Fail 2018; 40:498-505. [PMID: 30278824 PMCID: PMC6171452 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2018.1497517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of apigenin (ApI) on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo and in vitro. Methods:In vivo, the left renal artery was clamped for 45 min and the right kidney was removed to study renal I/R injury on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. ApI was injected at 60 min before renal ischemia. In vitro, renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were pretreated with or without ApI (20 uM) for 60 min and then treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Renal function, histology, cells apoptosis, and cell viability were tested. Furthermore, the potential molecular mechanisms were assessed. Results: ApI pretreatment could significantly alleviated the renal function and the pathological damage as well as cells apoptosis after I/R injury. Meanwhile, ApI treatment protects H/R induced HK-2 cell apoptosis in vitro. The results of Western blot showed that ApI significantly increased the expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and phosphor-AKt (p-AKt), Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), while down-regulated the expressions of Caspase3 and Bax induced by H/R injury. Conclusions: ApI pretreatment can protect renal function against I/R injury and prevent renal tubular cells from apoptosis in vivo and in vitro which might through PI3K/Akt mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- a Department of Urology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China.,b Institute of Urology , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China.,c Department of Urology, Fuyang People's Hospital , Fuyang , PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- a Department of Urology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China.,b Institute of Urology , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China
| | - Jian-Zhong Wang
- a Department of Urology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China
| | - Cheng Yang
- a Department of Urology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China
| | - Chao-Zhao Liang
- a Department of Urology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China.,b Institute of Urology , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pustylnikov S, Costabile F, Beghi S, Facciabene A. Targeting mitochondria in cancer: current concepts and immunotherapy approaches. Transl Res 2018; 202:35-51. [PMID: 30144423 PMCID: PMC6456045 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An essential advantage during eukaryotic cell evolution was the acquisition of a network of mitochondria as a source of energy for cell metabolism and contrary to conventional wisdom, functional mitochondria are essential for the cancer cell. Multiple aspects of mitochondrial biology beyond bioenergetics support transformation including mitochondrial biogenesis, fission and fusion dynamics, cell death susceptibility, oxidative stress regulation, metabolism, and signaling. In cancer, the metabolism of cells is reprogrammed for energy generation from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and impacts cancer mitochondrial function. Furthermore cancer cells can also modulate energy metabolism within the cancer microenvironment including immune cells and induce "metabolic anergy" of antitumor immune response. Classical approaches targeting the mitochondria of cancer cells usually aim at inducing changing energy metabolism or directly affecting functions of mitochondrial antiapoptotic proteins but most of such approaches miss the required specificity of action and carry important side effects. Several types of cancers harbor somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations and specific immune response to mutated mitochondrial proteins has been observed. An attractive alternative way to target the mitochondria in cancer cells is the induction of an adaptive immune response against mutated mitochondrial proteins. Here, we review the cancer cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms through which mitochondria influence all steps of oncogenesis, with a focus on the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial DNA mutations or Tumor Associated Mitochondria Antigens using the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Pustylnikov
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Francesca Costabile
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Silvia Beghi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea Facciabene
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yeo CI, Ooi KK, Tiekink ERT. Gold-Based Medicine: A Paradigm Shift in Anti-Cancer Therapy? Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061410. [PMID: 29891764 PMCID: PMC6100309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new era of metal-based drugs started in the 1960s, heralded by the discovery of potent platinum-based complexes, commencing with cisplatin [(H₃N)₂PtCl₂], which are effective anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. While clinical applications of gold-based drugs largely relate to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, attention has turned to the investigation of the efficacy of gold(I) and gold(III) compounds for anti-cancer applications. This review article provides an account of the latest research conducted during the last decade or so on the development of gold compounds and their potential activities against several cancers as well as a summary of possible mechanisms of action/biological targets. The promising activities and increasing knowledge of gold-based drug metabolism ensures that continued efforts will be made to develop gold-based anti-cancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University. No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Kah Kooi Ooi
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University. No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University. No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li L, Zhong Y, Ma Z, Yang C, Wei H, Chen L, Li C, Wu D, Rong MZ, Li Y. Methyl ferulic acid exerts anti-apoptotic effects on L-02 cells via the ROS-mediated signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:225-236. [PMID: 29749464 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of methyl ferulic acid (MFA) on L-02 cell apoptosis induced by ethanol, and to elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. L-02 cells were examined after being soaked in ethanol (400 mM) to allow the ethanol to permeate into the cells for 24 h. Cell survival was measured by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by both flow cytometry and single-stranded DNA assays. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined using the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate dye. The protein expression levels of p38, p-p38, JNK, p-JNK, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), p22, Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by western blot analysis. The mRNA expression levels of NOX4 and p22 were measured by RT-PCR. It was identified that MFA markedly suppressed the ethanol-induced apoptosis and necrosis of L-02 cells. In addition, MFA decreased the expression levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and phospholipid hydroperoxide gluthione peroxidase, and downregulated the levels of Bax/Bcl-2 and the cleaved forms of caspase-3 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This indicated that MFA attenuated the apoptosis of L-02 cells. MFA also decreased the elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of Nox4 and p22phox, and the production of intracellular ROS triggered by ethanol. Further analysis demonstrated that MFA significantly attenuated the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, which are major components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrated that MFA attenuated the apoptotic cell death of L-02 cells by reducing the generation of ROS and inactivating the MAPK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zuheng Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden
| | - Chengfang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hanning Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhi Rong
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yongwen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pawlak A, Gładkowski W, Kutkowska J, Mazur M, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Rapak A. Enantiomeric trans β-aryl-δ-iodo-γ-lactones derived from 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde induce apoptosis in canine lymphoma cell lines by downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018. [PMID: 29534928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
For many years, studies focused on developing new natural or synthetic compounds with antineoplastic activity have attracted the attention of researchers. An interesting group of such compounds seem to be those with both lactone moiety and an aromatic ring which, in addition to antimicrobial or antiviral activity, also exhibit antitumor properties. The study shows antitumor activity of two enantiomeric trans isomers of 5-(1-iodoethyl)-4-(2',5'-dimethylphenyl)dihydrofuran-2-one. Our aim was to determine their antitumor activity manifested as an ability to induce apoptosis in selected canine cancer cell lines as well as to evaluate differences in their strength depending on the configuration of their stereogenic centers. The enantiomers (+)-(4R,5S,6R)-1 and (-)-(4S,5R,6S)-2 were found to induce classical caspase-dependent apoptosis through downregulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Although the mechanism of apoptosis induction was the same for both enantiomers, they differed in their strength, as stronger antineoplastic activity in vitro was exhibited by isomer (+)-(4R,5S,6R)-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Justyna Kutkowska
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marcelina Mazur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rapak
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|