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Jindal R, Sharma R, Kaur P, Kaur S, Multisanti CR, Faggio C. Mitigation of haemato-genotoxic and stress response effects in Cyprinus carpio via silymarin dietary supplementation following deltamethrin exposure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28419. [PMID: 38590886 PMCID: PMC10999925 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The study examined the potential of Silymarin, a blend of bioactive flavonolignans extracted from the milk thistle Silybum marianum, to mitigate Deltamethrin-induced toxicity in the blood of Cyprinus carpio. Fish were exposed to Deltamethrin (0.66 μg/L), the plant extract, or a combination of both for a duration of thirty days. Various parameters, including serum biochemical markers, erythrocytic abnormalities, and genotoxicity endpoints, were assessed. Results indicated a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and TLC in the fish exposed to the pesticide. Conversely, total protein, TEC, and Hb showed a notable decrease. There was also a notable rise in micronuclei and erythrocytic abnormalities such as acanthocytes, microcytes, and notched cells. Under ultrastructural examination, phenotypic deformities like spherocytosis, discocytes, and clumped erythrocytes were observed. However, dietary supplementation of silymarin (1 g/kg) significantly restored the biochemical, genetic, and cellular parameters, resembling those of the control group. This suggests the potential of this plant extract in protecting the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, from Deltamethrin-induced damage by scavenging free radicals and reducing DNA oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Jindal
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ritu Sharma
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Parminder Kaur
- Department of Biosciences, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmani Kaur
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina-Italy Messina, Italy
- Department of Eco-sustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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Seong Wei L, Rahim MSAA, Yeu Hooi K, Khoo MI, Mohamad Nor A, Wee W. Comparative analysis of growth and health of juvenile African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus) fed with different starch diets. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28224. [PMID: 38560210 PMCID: PMC10981047 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of potato, wheat, rice, and corn starch on growth performance, blood parameters, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidative response, and gut microbiota of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. A control diet (a commercial fish diet) and four different starch (potato, PO; wheat, WH; corn, CO; rice, RC) formulations were fed to African catfish with average weight of 10.5g (n = 30) for eight weeks. The experiment was conducted in triplicates. At the end of the feeding trial, the growth performance of African catfish fed with potato starch (PO) was significantly higher than other treatment groups. Furthermore, this group recorded significant and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to other groups. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in all tested hematological parameters and antioxidative response between the groups. Digestive enzyme activities in the fish intestines, including amylase, lipase, and protease, were significantly higher in African catfish fed with the PO diet. In addition, this group demonstrated substantially lower viscerosomatic index (VSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) than other groups, indicating that the fish has more meat on its body. The PO diet group also recorded significantly higher Akkermansia muciniphila, a good gut microbiota. Therefore, the PO diet potentially improves African catfish's growth performance and health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Seong Wei
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azman Abdul Rahim
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kon Yeu Hooi
- Department of Johor State Fisheries Complex, Pendas Laut Road, 81550, Gelang Patah, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Martina Irwan Khoo
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Azra Mohamad Nor
- Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology (ICAMB), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, Earth Sciences and Maritime Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Pemenang, 83352, Indonesia
| | - Wendy Wee
- Center for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Tang S, Wang M, Peng Y, Liang Y, Lei J, Tao Q, Ming T, Shen Y, Zhang C, Guo J, Xu H. Armeniacae semen amarum: a review on its botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical application, toxicology and pharmacokinetics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1290888. [PMID: 38323080 PMCID: PMC10844384 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1290888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Armeniacae semen amarum-seeds of Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosaceae) (ASA), also known as Kuxingren in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese herbal drug commonly used for lung disease and intestinal disorders. It has long been used to treat coughs and asthma, as well as to lubricate the colon and reduce constipation. ASA refers to the dried ripe seed of diverse species of Rosaceae and contains a variety of phytochemical components, including glycosides, organic acids, amino acids, flavonoids, terpenes, phytosterols, phenylpropanoids, and other components. Extensive data shows that ASA exhibits various pharmacological activities, such as anticancer activity, anti-oxidation, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammation, protection of cardiovascular, neural, respiratory and digestive systems, antidiabetic effects, and protection of the liver and kidney, and other activities. In clinical practice, ASA can be used as a single drug or in combination with other traditional Chinese medicines, forming ASA-containing formulas, to treat various afflictions. However, it is important to consider the potential adverse reactions and pharmacokinetic properties of ASA during its clinical use. Overall, with various bioactive components, diversified pharmacological actions and potent efficacies, ASA is a promising drug that merits in-depth study on its functional mechanisms to facilitate its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiarong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanqiao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Srirengaraj V, Razafindralambo HL, Rabetafika HN, Nguyen HT, Sun YZ. Synbiotic Agents and Their Active Components for Sustainable Aquaculture: Concepts, Action Mechanisms, and Applications. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1498. [PMID: 38132324 PMCID: PMC10740583 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a fast-emerging food-producing sector in which fishery production plays an imperative socio-economic role, providing ample resources and tremendous potential worldwide. However, aquatic animals are exposed to the deterioration of the ecological environment and infection outbreaks, which represent significant issues nowadays. One of the reasons for these threats is the excessive use of antibiotics and synthetic drugs that have harmful impacts on the aquatic atmosphere. It is not surprising that functional and nature-based feed ingredients such as probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and synbiotics have been developed as natural alternatives to sustain a healthy microbial environment in aquaculture. These functional feed additives possess several beneficial characteristics, including gut microbiota modulation, immune response reinforcement, resistance to pathogenic organisms, improved growth performance, and enhanced feed utilization in aquatic animals. Nevertheless, their mechanisms in modulating the immune system and gut microbiota in aquatic animals are largely unclear. This review discusses basic and current research advancements to fill research gaps and promote effective and healthy aquaculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hary L. Razafindralambo
- ProBioLab, 5004 Namur, Belgium;
- BioEcoAgro Joint Research Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Sustainable Management of Bio-Agressors & Microbial Technologies, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech—Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Huu-Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Biotechnology, An Giang University, Long Xuyen City 90000, Vietnam;
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
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Abdel Rahman AN, Amer SA, Behairy A, Younis EM, Abdelwarith AA, Osman A, Moustafa AA, Davies SJ, Ibrahim RE. Using Azadirachta indica protein hydrolysate as a plant protein in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diet: Effects on the growth, economic efficiency, antioxidant-immune response and resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:1502-1516. [PMID: 37431590 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
A feeding trial for 90 days was conducted on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (average weight: 25.50 ± 0.05 g) to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Azadirachta indica seed protein hydrolysate (AIPH). The evaluation included the impact on the growth metrics, economic efficiency, antioxidant potential, hemato-biochemical indices, immune response, and histological architectures. A total of 250 fish were randomly distributed in five treatments (n = 50) and received diets included with five levels of AIPH (%): 0 (control diet, AIPH0), 2 (AIPH2), 4 (AIPH4), 6 (AIPH6) or 8 (AIPH8), where AIPH partially replace fish meal by 0, 8.7%, 17.4%, 26.1%, and 34.8%, respectively. After the feeding trial, a pathogenic bacterium (Streptococcus agalactiae, 1.5 × 108 CFU/mL) was intraperitoneally injected into the fish and the survival rate was recorded. The results elucidated that AIPH-included diets significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the growth indices (final body weight, total feed intake, total body weight gain, and specific growth rate) and intestinal morpho-metrics (villous width, length, muscular coat thickness, and goblet cells count) in comparison to the control diet, with the AIPH8 diet recording the highest values. Dietary AIPH inclusion significantly improved (p < 0.05) the economic efficacy indicated by reduced feed cost/kg gain and increased performance index. The fish fed on the AIPH diets had noticeably significantly higher (p < 0.05) protein profile variables (total proteins and globulin) and antioxidant capabilities (superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity) than the AIPH0 group. The dietary inclusion of AIPH significantly (p < 0.05) boosted the haematological parameters (haemoglobin, packed cell volume %, and counts of red blood cells and white blood cells) and immune indices (serum bactericidal activity %, antiprotease activity, and immunoglobulin M level) in a concentration-dependent manner. The blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lowered by dietary AIPH (2%-8%). The albumin level and hepatorenal functioning parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and creatinine) were not significantly (p > 0.05) altered by AIPH diets. Additionally, AIPH diets did not adversely alter the histology of the hepatic, renal or splenic tissues with moderately activated melano-macrophage centres. The mortality rate among S. agalactiae-infected fish declined as dietary AIPH levels rose, where the highest survival rate (86.67%) was found in the AIPH8 group (p < 0.05). Based on the broken line regression model, our study suggests using dietary AIPH at the optimal level of 6%. Overall, dietary AIPH inclusion enhanced the growth rate, economic efficiency, health status, and resistance of Nile tilapia to the S. agalactiae challenge. These beneficial impacts can help the aquaculture sector to be more sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa A Amer
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Amr A Moustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Simon J Davies
- Aquaculture Nutrition Research Unit ANRU, Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Rowida E Ibrahim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
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Shahbazi P, Sheikhzadeh N, Siahtan MAN, Ghadimi AK, Soltani M, Nofouzi K, Mousavi S, Khordadmehr M, Marandi A, Firouzamandi M. Efficacy of dietary live or heat-killed Bacillus subtilis in goldfish (Carassius auratus) infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Vet Med Sci 2023. [PMID: 37392468 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth, immune response, and disease resistance against various diseases in different fish species have been proved. However, there are no data concerning this probiotic effect on skin mucosal immunity in fish infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich). Ich has a high mortality rate in both edible and ornamental fish and consequently is concerned with heavy economic losses. OBJECTIVES Thus, we assessed the efficacy of live and heat-killed B. subtilis on skin immunity and histopathology in goldfish (Carassius auratus) infected with Ich. METHODS Goldfish (144 fish, 2.38 g average weight) were stocked in nine glass tanks each in three replicates. Fish were fed 109 CFU g-1 live or heat-killed B. subtilis for 80 days. RESULTS Probiotic administration in both viable and non-viable forms could enhance the growth performance in goldfish. Probiotic therapy also reduced the density of the parasite and histopathological level on skin and gill tissues of the treated fish. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed a higher expression of lysozyme and tumour necrosis factor-α in the treated groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated the beneficial effect of B. subtilis as probiotic and paraprobiotic on growth performance and disease resistance to Ich infestation in goldfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Shahbazi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sheikhzadeh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Amin Keshavarz Ghadimi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soltani
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Katayoon Nofouzi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shalaleh Mousavi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Marandi
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Firouzamandi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Huang KC, Lee JW, Hu YF, Ballantyne R, Liu CH. Effects of Aspergillus-meal prebiotic diet on the growth performance, health status and gut microbiota of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108696. [PMID: 36935042 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the growth performance, health status and intestinal microbiota of juvenile Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer, were assessed after dietary administration of a prebiotic product obtained from fermented Aspergillus orizae, Fermacto®. Asian seabass were fed three diets; control (without Aspergillus-meal prebiotic), 0.2% and 0.3% Aspergillus-meal prebiotic for 56 days. Fish were raised in freshwater with acceptable water quality. No significant differences were found in the growth performance and composition of dorsal fish muscle among all groups. Fish fed diets supplemented with 0.3% of Aspergillus-meal prebiotic had a significantly higher survival rate after being challenged with V. alginolyticus than fish fed with the control diet. Supplementation of the Aspergillus-meal prebiotic significantly improved immune responses by inducing higher respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase, phagocytic and lysozyme activity compared to the control group. In addition, prebiotic doses significantly induced an up-regulation of heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein (hsp70) in the liver compared to the control group. Signaling pathways were also affected with significantly higher gene expression of complement c-3 (c3), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mtor), and mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8 (mlst-8) in the liver of fish fed 0.3% Aspergillus prebiotic. The pro-inflammatory gene, tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and anti-inflammatory gene, transforming growth factor beta-1 (tfg-β1) were significantly higher in the head kidney of fish offered prebiotic diets. Fish receiving Aspergillus-meal prebiotic revealed significantly higher expression of Mx gene 24 h post nervous necrosis virus injection compared to the control. Additionally, the α-diversity of gut microbiota, including genus, Pielou's evenness, Shannon diversity index, and Margalef's species richness were significantly higher in fish fed 0.3% Aspergillus-meal prebiotic than the control group. The principal component analysis eigenvector plots showed that a high abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Entercoccus faecium, Lactococcus lactis, Macrococcus caseolyticus and Vagococcus fluvialis, along with potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus sciuri and L. garvieae subsp. garvieae were present in fish treated with Aspergillus-meal prebiotic. Although dietary Aspergillus-meal prebiotic did not improve the growth performance of Asian seabass, 0.3% of Aspergillus-meal prebiotic is recommended to elevate the immunological status of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chin Huang
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Wei Lee
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Hu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Rolissa Ballantyne
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
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Pan PK, Wang KT, Wu TM, Chen YY, Nan FH, Wu YS. Heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto regulate Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intestine microbiota and metabolites involved in the intestine phagosome response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108567. [PMID: 36731811 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the intestinal microbiota, intestinal and fecal metabolites production and the intestinal RNA-seq analysis of the Nile tilapia intestine after feeding with 105and 107 of the inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto. First, we assessed the influence of heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto on the growth performance, biochemical blood analysis, and evaluated the liver/body, spleen/body and intestine/body ratio. This evidence was known feeding with inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto was able to improve the growth performance after 4 weeks, but not to affect the inflammatory biochemical blood parametres total protein (T-pro), albumin (Alb), Alb/T-pro ratio, creatine-phospho-kinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further, in the intestine microbiota, the Lactobacillaceae, Firmicutes, Chromatiales, and Rhodobacteria, was significantly higher than the control and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B), which was indicated with a significantly increased. The intestine tissue metabolites OPLS-DA analysis indicated that the prominent bioactive metabolites changed. The peonidin-3-glucoside, l-Tyrosine, 1-Deoxy-1-(N6-lysino)-d-fructose was significantly increased. The feces metabolite OPLS-DA analysis indicated that the palmitelaidic acid, 5-KETE, tangeritin was significantly increased. In the transcriptome, the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was found to enhance the intestine intestinal immune network. Combine of these evidence, feeding of the heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto exactly improved the O. niloticus growth performance and regulation of the microbiota to promote the metabolites. In the transcriptome analysis, it was found to involve in the intestine immune phagosome response. Summarized of this study, the heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto was reported to affect Nile tilapia intestine microbiota, and could positively regulate the intestine and fecal metabolites production to improve the intestine immune network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kai Pan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Teng Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Meng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan.
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Wang YD, Meng X, Guan YC, Zhao ZL, Tao LT, Gong JS, Liu XL, Zhao Y, Shan XF. The effects of dietary supplementation of ginseng stem and leaf saponins on the antioxidant capacity, immune response, and disease resistance of crucian carp, Carassius auratus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022:10.1007/s10695-022-01142-9. [PMID: 36414818 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to explore the positive effects of ginseng stem and leaf saponins (GSLS) on antioxidant capability, immunity, and disease resistance of crucian carp. Seven hundred fifty crucian carps (initial body weight: 25 ± 0.15 g (mean ± SE)) were randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates each; five diets supplemented with the final concentration of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g/kg GSLS were fed to crucian carp for 5 weeks. The results demonstrated that, at a concentration of 8 g/kg, the contents of IgM, C4, SOD, GSH-Px, and the activity of AKP in serum of crucian carp gradually increased at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days, and the expression of immune-relative cytokine genes (TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ) in the liver, spleen, and the intestinal tract also had a significant up-regulation (P < 0.05), and which were significant difference compared with control (P < 0.05). The above results demonstrated that dietary GSLS showed enhancement effects on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capability, and innate immune response of crucian carp. The feed of 8 g/kg GSLS for 1 week could improve the survival rate 44% more than the control group when crucian carp infected Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila). In conclusion, the addition of GSLS at a concentration of 8 g/kg in the diet improve immune-related enzyme activity better, immune-relative cytokine expression, and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-da Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Chao Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ze-Lin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Luo-Tao Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Shuo Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin-Lan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
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Ibrahim RE, Elshopakey GE, Abd El-Rahman GI, Ahmed AI, Altohamy DE, Zaglool AW, Younis EM, Abdelwarith AA, Davies SJ, Al-Harthi HF, Abdel Rahman AN. Palliative role of colloidal silver nanoparticles synthetized by moringa against Saprolegnia spp. infection in Nile Tilapia: Biochemical, immuno-antioxidant response, gene expression, and histopathological investigation. AQUACULTURE REPORTS 2022; 26:101318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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11
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Abdel Rahman AN, Elshopakey GE, Behairy A, Altohamy DE, Ahmed AI, Farroh KY, Alkafafy M, Shahin SA, Ibrahim RE. Chitosan-Ocimum basilicum nanocomposite as a dietary additive in Oreochromis niloticus: Effects on immune-antioxidant response, head kidney gene expression, intestinal architecture, and growth. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:425-435. [PMID: 35985625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have looked into the use of basil, Ocimum basilicum (L.) in aquaculture as a dietary additive; however, more research is needed to see the possibility of it's including in nanocarriers in aquafeeds. An experiment was undertaken to highlight the efficacy chitosan-Ocimum basilicum nanocomposite (COBN), for the first time, on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) growth, stress and antioxidant status, immune-related parameters, and gene expression. For 60 days, fish (average weight: 23.55 ± 0.08 g) were fed diets provided with different concentrations of COBN (g/kg): 0 g [COBN0], 1 g [COBN1], 2 g [COBN2], and 3 g [COBN3], where COBN0 was kept as control diet. Following the trial, the fish were challenged with pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas sobria) and yeast (Candida albicans) infection. In comparison to the control (COBN0), a notable increase in growth parameters (weight gain, feed intake, and specific growth rate) and intestinal morphometric indices (average intestinal goblet cells count, villous width, and length) in all COBN groups was observed, where COBN2 and COBN3 groups had the highest values. The COBN diets significantly (p < 0.05) declined levels of serum triglycerides, glucose, cholesterol, and hepatic malondialdehyde. Moreover, the higher levels of serum biochemical biomarkers (growth hormone, total protein, globulin, and albumin), immunological parameters (phagocytic activity%, nitric oxide, and lysozyme), and hepatic antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione peroxidase) were obvious in the COBN2 and COBN3 groups followed by COBN1. The immune-antioxidant genes (TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β, TGF-β, GPx, and SOD) were found to be considerably up-regulated in all COBN groups (COBN2 and COBN3 followed by COBN1). Fifteen days post-challenge with A. sobria and C. albicans, the highest survival rate was recorded in the COBN2 group (83.33 and 91.67%) followed by the COBN3 group (75 and 83.33%), respectively. The findings showed that a dietary intervention with COBN can promote growth, intestinal architecture, immunity, and antioxidant markers as well as protect O. niloticus against A. sobria and C. albicans infection. As a result, the COBN at a dose of 2 g/kg could be used as a food additive for the sustainable aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Dalia E Altohamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Amany I Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Khaled Yehia Farroh
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), P.O. Box 12619, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shimaa A Shahin
- Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture- Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Rowida E Ibrahim
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
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12
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Elabd H, Youssuf H, Mahboub HH, Salem SMR, Husseiny WA, Khalid A, El-Desouky HS, Faggio C. Growth, hemato-biochemical, immune-antioxidant response, and gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) received nano iron oxide-incorporated diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:574-581. [PMID: 36007828 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has recently played a key role in tackling many aquacultures issues. Hence, the present study targets the evaluation of dietary inclusion of nano iron oxide (nFe2O3) on growth performance, hematology, immune-antioxidant responses, ionic regulation and expression of related genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were fed supplementary nFe2O3 at rates of zero (control), 0.5, and 1 g/kg diet for 30 days. Obtained data demonstrated that nFe2O3 significantly (P < 0.05) augmented growth performance (final weight and length, body mass gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and length gain rate). Hematological picture {RBCs, Hb, MCV, MCH and MCHC, and leukocytes interpretations (WBCs and monocytes)}; and biochemical indexes including (AST and ALT; total protein; and glucose, and cortisol) were significantly (P < 0.05) improved in nFe2O3 supplemented groups. Plasma ionic concentration was also altered with nFe2O3 supplementation, and 1g nFe2O3 revealed the most marked increase in plasma (Na+) potassium (K+) levels. Similarly, IgM, nitrous oxide (NO), and lysozyme activity, plus superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities showed a remarkable improvement in 1g nFe2O3 group compared to the control. Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) genes were significantly up-regulated in nFe2O3 supplemented groups. Briefly, dietary nFe2O3 inclusion had enhanced properties on growth; hemato-biochemical; immune, antioxidative profiles; and related genes expression of O. niloticus, with a recommended concentration of 1g nFe2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiam Elabd
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
| | - Hadeer Youssuf
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Heba H Mahboub
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M R Salem
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Husseiny
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - A Khalid
- Department of Basic Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering (Shoubra), Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Heba S El-Desouky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Moshtohor), Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
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Elabd H, Faggio C, Mahboub HH, Emam MA, Kamel S, El Kammar R, Abdelnaeim NS, Shaheen A, Tresnakova N, Matter A. Mucuna pruriens seeds extract boosts growth, immunity, testicular histology, and expression of immune-related genes of mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:672-680. [PMID: 35817363 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have received increased attention in sustainable aquaculture. Consequently, the present study aimed to evaluate the dietary effects of Mucuna pruriens (MP) seed extract on growth performance, immune status, hepatic function, biochemical profiles, gonadal histology, and expression of immune-related genes in mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were allocated into four groups and received MP at rates of 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6 g/kg diet, respectively, for 90 days. The results revealed that MP significantly (P<0.05) modulated growth performance (specific growth rate, final length, and length gain rate, body mass gain, and feed conversion ratio), lysozyme activity, and liver enzymes (AST, ALT). However, a non-significant effect on nitric oxide (NO) or immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels was detected, whereas the dietary inclusion of MP had a hypoglycemic effect. In terms of plasma globulin, albumin, globulin/albumin ratio, and cortisol, the MP receiving groups showed insignificant difference (P<0.05) when compared to controls, except for the 2 g MP-supplemented group. The lower inclusion concentration of MP (2 g/kg diet) demonstrated the best result (P < 0.05) for gonadosomatic index (GSI) and plasma testosterone level that was consistent with the histological findings reflecting an improvement in the testicular development compared with the control group. Expressions of complement component (C5) and interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) genes were significantly up-regulated in MP receiving groups. In conclusion, M. pruriens can be used as a safe natural economic feed additive and a low inclusion level of 2 g/kg diet is recommended to improve growth, enhance immunity, maintain liver functioning, improve testicular development, and to modulate immune-related genes in the mono-sex O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiam Elabd
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 S, Agata-Messina, Italy.
| | - Heba H Mahboub
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | | | - Samar Kamel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Reda El Kammar
- Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13736, Egypt
| | - Noha S Abdelnaeim
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Adel Shaheen
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Nikola Tresnakova
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, The University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Aya Matter
- Department of Aquatic Animals' Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
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Abdel Rahman AN, Van Doan H, Elsheshtawy HM, Dawood A, Salem SMR, Sheraiba NI, Masoud SR, Abdelnaeim NS, Khamis T, Alkafafy M, Mahboub HH. Dietary Salvia officinalis leaves enhances antioxidant-immune-capacity, resistance to Aeromonas sobria challenge, and growth of Cyprinus carpio. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:340-348. [PMID: 35772675 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current perspective is a pioneer to assess the efficacy of Salvia officinalis leave powder (SOLP) on growth, intestinal enzymes, physiological and antioxidant status, immunological response, and gene expression of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). We also looked into fish resistance after being challenged with Aeromonas sobria, a pathogenic zoonotic bacteria. Fish (N = 120) were fed four different experimental diets in triplicate for 8 weeks. The control diet (SOLP0 - without SOLP); meanwhile, the other three diets included SOLP of 2, 4, and 8 g kg-1 concentrations (SOLP2, SOLP4, and SOLP8), respectively. Findings demonstrated that fish fed SOLP4 and SOLP8 diets had better growth performance and improved digestion by noticeable enhancing lipase and amylase enzymes activity than other groups. Additionally, the antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and immune activities (immunoglobulin M, nitric oxide, and antiprotease) clarified a significant increase (p < 0.05) in SOLP4 and SOLP8 groups. Enriched diets with SOLP4 and SOLP8 exhibited better expression of splenic genes (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TLR-2, and SOD), intestinal genes (Slc26a6) and (PepT1 or Slc15a1), and muscular genes (IGF-1 and SOD), while MSTN was down-regulated. After 8 weeks of the experimental trial, C. carpio challenged by A. sobria exhibited the highest cumulative mortality (66.67%), while SOLP8-dietary intervention showed the best results in enhancing the fish resistance against A. sobria by lessening mortalities to 13.33% followed by SOLP4 diet (20%). The outcomes indicate that the expression of splenic, muscular, and intestinal genes confirm the efficacy of SOLP on enhancing growth, digestion, and immune-antioxidant status, and recommend the potential use of SOLP especially at 4 g kg-1 level as a valuable natural economic diet additive in C. carpio culture for sustaining aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Hassnaa Mahmoud Elsheshtawy
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ali Dawood
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt; The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shimaa M R Salem
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Nagwa I Sheraiba
- Department of Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, P.O. Box 32897, Sadat City, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa R Masoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, P.O. Box 32897, Sadat City, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Noha S Abdelnaeim
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
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15
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Mahboub HH, Shahin K, Mahmoud SM, Altohamy DE, Husseiny WA, Mansour DA, Shalaby SI, Gaballa MMS, Shaalan M, Alkafafy M, Rahman ANA. Silica nanoparticles are novel aqueous additive mitigating heavy metals toxicity and improving the health of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 249:106238. [PMID: 35863252 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are among the non-toxic nanoparticles (NPs) that have magnetic capabilities. It is hypothesized that SiNPs may be able to reduce toxic effects exerted by a mixture of lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. The in vitro magnetic potential of SiNPs to absorb Pb and Hg was tested. Fish (N = 240) were divided into four groups in triplicates for 30 days. The first group served as control and the second group (SiNPs) was exposed to 1/10 of 96 h LC50 of SiNPs (14.45 mg/L). The third group (HMM) was exposed to 1/10 of 96-h LC50 of a mixture of mercury chloride (HgCl2) and lead chloride (PbCl2) equal to 0.04 mg/ L and 23.1 mg/L. The fourth group (SiNPs+ HMM) was exposed to a suspension composed of SiNPs, HgCl2, and PbCl2 at the same concentrations as the third group. Results showed that fish exposed to heavy metals revealed the following consequences; a significant decrease in hematological, immunological (complement-3 and nitric oxide), and antioxidants (total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) indices, down-regulation of IL-1β, IL-8, TGF-β, NF-κβ, HSP70, and Hepcidin genes, the highest mortality rate (48.33%), higher values of alkaline phosphatase, alanine, and aspartate aminotransferases, urea, creatinine, and branchial malondialdehyde, marked up-regulation of CC chemokine and CXC chemokines, and high HMs residues levels in muscles. Extensive pathology showed degeneration with diffuse vacuolation of hepatopancreatic cells and hemorrhage in the HMM group. Interestingly, the exposed group to SiNPs and HMM demonstrated a decline of HMs concentration in fish muscles and modulated the abovementioned parameters with the regeneration of histological alterations of liver and gills. Based on the study outcomes, we highlight the importance and the safety of SiNPs as a novel aqueous additive to alleviate HMs toxicity and recommend using SiNPs for enhancing fish performance for sustaining aquaculture without adverting safety of human health by their little accumulation in muscular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Khalid Shahin
- Aquatic Animal Diseases Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, P.O. Box 43511, Suez, Egypt
| | - Shereen M Mahmoud
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dalia E Altohamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Husseiny
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa I Shalaby
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M S Gaballa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, P.O. Box 13736, Qalyobiya, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaalan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
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Mansour AT, Mahboub HH, Elshopakey GE, Aziz EK, Alhajji AHM, Rayan G, Ghazzawy HS, El-Houseiny W. Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received Alchemilla vulgaris-Supplemented Diets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1494. [PMID: 36009213 PMCID: PMC9404728 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The current perspective is a pioneering trial to assess the efficacy of the dietary supplementation of Alchemilla vulgaris powder (AVP) in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on growth performance, blood picture, hepatic and renal biomarkers, immune status, and serum and tissue antioxidant capacity and to investigate the resistance against Flavobacterium columnare challenge. Fish (n = 360) were distributed into six groups (three replicates each) and received increasing AVP supplementation levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g kg-1) for 60 days. Furthermore, fish were exposed to the bacterial challenge of a virulent F. columnare strain and maintained under observation for 12 days. During the observation period, clinical signs and the cumulative mortality percentage were recorded. The results demonstrated that the growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and hematological profile were noticeably enhanced in the AVP-supplemented groups compared to the control. The most promising results of weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded in the groups with 6, 8, and 10 g AVP kg-1 diets in a linear regression trend. The levels of hepatorenal function indicators were maintained in a healthy range in the different dietary AVP-supplemented groups. In a dose-dependent manner, fish fed AVP dietary supplements displayed significant augmented serum levels of innate immune indicators (lysozyme, nitric oxide, and complement 3) and antioxidant biomarkers (Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant (TAC), and reduced glutathione (GSH) with a marked decrease in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels). Likewise, hepatic CAT and SOD activities were significantly improved, and the opposite trend was recorded with hepatic MDA. The highest AVP-supplemented dose (10 g/kg) recorded the highest immune-antioxidant status. Based on the study findings, we highlight the efficacy of AVP as a nutraceutical dietary supplementation for aquaculture to enhance growth, physiological performance, and immune-antioxidant status and as a natural economic antibacterial agent in O. niloticus for sustaining aquaculture. It could be concluded that the dietary supplementation of 10 g AVP/kg enhanced O. niloticus growth, physiological performance, immune-antioxidant status, and resistance against F. columnare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Tageldein Mansour
- Aquaculture and Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Food Sciences College, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.M.A.); (G.R.)
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba H. Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, Egypt;
| | - Gehad E. Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt;
| | - Enas K. Aziz
- Department of Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, El Sadat City 23897, Monufia, Egypt;
| | - Adnan H. M. Alhajji
- Aquaculture and Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Food Sciences College, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.M.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Gamal Rayan
- Aquaculture and Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Food Sciences College, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.M.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Hesham S. Ghazzawy
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Walaa El-Houseiny
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, Egypt;
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Mahboub HH, Rashidian G, Hoseinifar SH, Kamel S, Zare M, Ghafarifarsani H, Algharib SA, Moonmanee T, Van Doan H. Protective effects of Allium hirtifolium extract against foodborne toxicity of Zinc oxide nanoparticles in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 257:109345. [PMID: 35429652 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of nano-sized materials is increasingly growing, while consequent health and environmental risks are still disputed. On the other hand, plant extracts have been reported to improve fish general health status and enhance antioxidant capacity. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess potential effects of Allium hirtifolium extract (AHE) to fortify antioxidant responses of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to foodborne Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Five hundred and forty fish were randomly allocated into 18 tanks and received six diets including a basal diet (as control), basal diet incorporated with either 13 mg/kg (ZnO-25) or 26 mg/kg (ZnO-50) of ZnO-NPs, 1.5% AHE (AHE-1.5), and similar concentrations of ZnO-NPs plus AHE (ZnO-25-AHE) and (ZnO-50-AHE) for a period of 30 days. Results revealed that blood indices, stress biomarkers (glucose and cortisol), and antioxidant parameters and genes in AHE-1.5 group were significantly modulated and improved when compared to other groups (P < 0.05). In AHE-enriched groups, serum and liver tissue antioxidative parameters were enhanced as reflected in a noticeable decrease in malondialdehyde value and an increase in catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. However, current results showed that diets incorporated with ZnO-NPs elevated the stress parameters besides a significant reduction for most measured biochemical parameters and AHE supplementation ameliorated these effects in terms of improving antioxidant parameters. In ZnO-25-AHE, and ZnO-50-AHE, the values for expression of GPx were found significantly (P < 0.05) different from that of ZnO-25 and ZnO-50. On the contrary, SOD showed a non-significant difference (P > 0.05) among control, ZnO-25, and ZnO-50-AHE, also in-between ZnO-25 and ZnO-25-AHE. The present results indicate that AHE supplementation could trigger antioxidant responses both at tissue and molecular levels suggesting its outstanding protective effects against foodborne toxicity of ZnO-NPs in Common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ghasem Rashidian
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 64414-356 Noor, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Samar Kamel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mahyar Zare
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 64414-356 Noor, Iran; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samah Attia Algharib
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, QG, Egypt; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, China
| | - Tossapol Moonmanee
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand..
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