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Vabuolė E, Juzėnas S, Kutorga E. Habitat Diversity, Environmental Conditions, and Distribution of Endangered Fungus Sarcosoma globosum (Ascomycota) in Lithuania. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:263. [PMID: 38667934 PMCID: PMC11051098 DOI: 10.3390/jof10040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcosoma globosum (Pezizales, Ascomycota) is a rare and endangered fungus, and it is believed to be extinct in most central European countries. Known records of S. globosum in Lithuania reveal that it is situated on the south-western edge of a shrinking geographical distribution range in Europe. An assessment of the species' current habitat conditions and threats could enhance and provide new knowledge and guidelines to facilitate the efficient conservation of this threatened fungus and its habitats. The main aim of this study was to analyse the habitats and environmental conditions of S. globosum in Lithuania. We examined the diversity of habitats, various soil and tree stand characteristics, forest management activities, and natural disturbances in all 28 known fungus localities. S. globosum habitats in Lithuania are restricted to coniferous forests with the presence of Picea abies; the species was observed in boreo-nemoral bilberry western spruce taiga (the European Nature Information System habitat type T3F14), continental tall-herb western spruce taiga (T3F44), and native fir, spruce, larch, and cedar plantations (T3N1). An analysis of forest stand age structures in Lithuanian S. globosum localities revealed a rather large proportion of young Norway spruce stands of cultural origin (25.6% of study plots were assigned to age classes from 21 to 50 years); nevertheless, the majority of fungus growth sites were situated in older forests. Various natural and anthropogenic disturbances that threaten S. globosum habitats were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Vabuolė
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Ave. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (S.J.); (E.K.)
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Cazabonne J, Walker AK, Lesven J, Haelewaters D. Singleton-based species names and fungal rarity: Does the number really matter? IMA Fungus 2024; 15:7. [PMID: 38504339 PMCID: PMC10953280 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-023-00137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi are among the least known organisms on earth, with an estimated number of species between 1.5 and 10 million. This number is expected to be refined, especially with increasing knowledge about microfungi in undersampled habitats and increasing amounts of data derived from environmental DNA sequencing. A significant proportion of newly generated sequences fail to match with already named species, and thus represent what has been referred to as fungal "dark taxa". Due to the challenges associated with observing, identifying, and preserving sporophores, many macro- and microfungal species are only known from a single collection, specimen, isolate, and/or sequence-a singleton. Mycologists are consequently used to working with "rare" sequences and specimens. However, rarity and singleton phenomena lack consideration and valorization in fungal studies. In particular, the practice of publishing new fungal species names based on a single specimen remains a cause of debate. Here, we provide some elements of reflection on this issue in the light of the specificities of the fungal kingdom and global change context. If multiple independent sources of data support the existence of a new taxon, we encourage mycologists to proceed with formal description, irrespective of the number of specimens at hand. Although the description of singleton-based species may not be considered best practice, it does represent responsible science in the light of closing the Linnean biodiversity shortfall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cazabonne
- Ecology Research Group of Abitibi RCM, Forest Research Institute, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Amos, QC, J9T 2L8, Canada.
- Centre for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Allison K Walker
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Jonathan Lesven
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France
- Forest Research Institute, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Danny Haelewaters
- Research Group Mycology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
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Wainhouse M, Boddy L. Making hollow trees: Inoculating living trees with wood-decay fungi for the conservation of threatened taxa - A guide for conservationists. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Cost-effective surveillance of invasive species using info-gap theory. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22828. [PMID: 34819566 PMCID: PMC8613277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive species can lead to community-level damage to the invaded ecosystem and extinction of native species. Most surveillance systems for the detection of invasive species are developed based on expert assessment, inherently coming with a level of uncertainty. In this research, info-gap decision theory (IGDT) is applied to model and manage such uncertainty. Surveillance of the Asian House Gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus Duméril and Bibron, 1836 on Barrow Island, is used as a case study. Our research provides a novel method for applying IGDT to determine the population threshold (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$K$$\end{document}K) so that the decision can be robust to the deep uncertainty present in model parameters. We further robust-optimize surveillance costs rather than minimize surveillance costs. We demonstrate that increasing the population threshold for detection increases both robustness to the errors in the model parameter estimates, and opportuneness to lower surveillance costs than the accepted maximum budget. This paper provides guidance for decision makers to balance robustness and required surveillance expenditure. IGDT offers a novel method to model and manage the uncertainty prevalent in biodiversity conservation practices and modelling. The method outlined here can be used to design robust surveillance systems for invasive species in a wider context, and to better tackle uncertainty in protection of biodiversity and native species in a cost-effective manner.
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Lofgren LA, Stajich JE. Fungal biodiversity and conservation mycology in light of new technology, big data, and changing attitudes. Curr Biol 2021; 31:R1312-R1325. [PMID: 34637742 PMCID: PMC8516061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungi have successfully established themselves across seemingly every possible niche, substrate, and biome. They are fundamental to biogeochemical cycling, interspecies interactions, food production, and drug bioprocessing, as well as playing less heroic roles as difficult to treat human infections and devastating plant pathogens. Despite community efforts to estimate and catalog fungal diversity, we have only named and described a minute fraction of the fungal world. The identification, characterization, and conservation of fungal diversity is paramount to preserving fungal bioresources, and to understanding and predicting ecosystem cycling and the evolution and epidemiology of fungal disease. Although species and ecosystem conservation are necessarily the foundation of preserving this diversity, there is value in expanding our definition of conservation to include the protection of biological collections, ecological metadata, genetic and genomic data, and the methods and code used for our analyses. These definitions of conservation are interdependent. For example, we need metadata on host specificity and biogeography to understand rarity and set priorities for conservation. To aid in these efforts, we need to draw expertise from diverse fields to tie traditional taxonomic knowledge to data obtained from modern -omics-based approaches, and support the advancement of diverse research perspectives. We also need new tools, including an updated framework for describing and tracking species known only from DNA, and the continued integration of functional predictions to link genetic diversity to functional and ecological diversity. Here, we review the state of fungal diversity research as shaped by recent technological advancements, and how changing viewpoints in taxonomy, -omics, and systematics can be integrated to advance mycological research and preserve fungal biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotus A Lofgren
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Jason E Stajich
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Montero-Vargas M, Escudero-Leyva E, Díaz-Valerio S, Chaverri P. Step-by-Step Pipeline for the Ecological Analysis of Endophytic Fungi using ITS nrDNA Data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:e96. [PMID: 31910332 DOI: 10.1002/cpmc.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is accepted as the genetic marker or barcode of choice for the identification of fungal samples. Here, we present a protocol to analyze fungal ITS data, from quality preprocessing of raw sequences to identification of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), taxonomic classification, and assignment of functional traits. The pipeline relies on well-established and manually curated data collections, namely the UNITE database and the FUNGuild script. As an example, real ITS data from culturable endophytic fungi were analyzed, providing detailed descriptions for every step, parameter, and downstream analysis, and finishing with a phylogenetic analysis of the sequences and assigned ecological roles. This article constitutes a comprehensive guide for researchers that have little familiarity with bioinformatic analysis of essential steps required in further ecological studies of fungal communities. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Basic Protocol 1: Raw sequencing data processing Support Protocol: Building a BLAST database Basic Protocol 2: Obtaining information from databases Basic Protocol 3: Phylogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maripaz Montero-Vargas
- Colaboratorio Nacional de Computación Avanzada (CNCA), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Escuela de Biología and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Stefani Díaz-Valerio
- Colaboratorio Nacional de Computación Avanzada (CNCA), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Escuela de Biología and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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Vašutová M, Mleczko P, López-García A, Maček I, Boros G, Ševčík J, Fujii S, Hackenberger D, Tuf IH, Hornung E, Páll-Gergely B, Kjøller R. Taxi drivers: the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi. MYCORRHIZA 2019; 29:413-434. [PMID: 31292712 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi via animals and the importance for the interacting partners' life history as well as for ecosystems is an understudied topic. In this review, we describe the available evidence and the most important knowledge gaps and finally suggest ways to gain the missing information. So far, 33 articles have been published proving a successful transfer of mycorrhizal propagules by animals. The vast majority of research on invertebrates was focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, whereas papers on vertebrates (mainly rodents and artiodactyls) equally addressed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and AM fungi. Effective dispersal has been mostly shown by the successful inoculation of bait plants and less commonly by spore staining or germination tests. Based on the available data and general knowledge on animal lifestyles, collembolans and oribatid mites may be important in transporting ECM fungal propagules by ectozoochory, whereas earthworms, isopods, and millipedes could mainly transfer AM fungal spores in their gut systems. ECM fungal distribution may be affected by mycophagous dipterans and their hymenopteran parasitoids, while slugs, snails, and beetles could transport both mycorrhizal groups. Vertebrates feeding on fruit bodies were shown to disperse mainly ECM fungi, while AM fungi are transported mostly accidentally by herbivores. The important knowledge gaps include insufficient information on dispersal of fungal propagules other than spores, the role of invertebrates in the dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi, the way in which propagules pass through food webs, and the spatial distances reached by different dispersal mechanisms both horizontally and vertically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vašutová
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Lipová 1789/9, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Piotr Mleczko
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alvaro López-García
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Irena Maček
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies (FAMNIT), University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, 6000, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Gergely Boros
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., Gödöllö, Hungary
| | - Jan Ševčík
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 71000, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Saori Fujii
- Insect Ecology Laboratory, Department of Forest Entomology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | | | - Ivan H Tuf
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Elisabeth Hornung
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Rottenbiller str. 50, Budapest, 1077, Hungary
| | - Barna Páll-Gergely
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó str. 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Rasmus Kjøller
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Andrew C, Diez J, James TY, Kauserud H. Fungarium specimens: a largely untapped source in global change biology and beyond. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 374:20170392. [PMID: 30455210 PMCID: PMC6282084 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For several hundred years, millions of fungal sporocarps have been collected and deposited in worldwide collections (fungaria) to support fungal taxonomy. Owing to large-scale digitization programs, metadata associated with the records are now becoming publicly available, including information on taxonomy, sampling location, collection date and habitat/substrate information. This metadata, as well as data extracted from the physical fungarium specimens themselves, such as DNA sequences and biochemical characteristics, provide a rich source of information not only for taxonomy but also for other lines of biological inquiry. Here, we highlight and discuss how this information can be used to investigate emerging topics in fungal global change biology and beyond. Fungarium data are a prime source of knowledge on fungal distributions and richness patterns, and for assessing red-listed and invasive species. Information on collection dates has been used to investigate shifts in fungal distributions as well as phenology of sporocarp emergence in response to climate change. In addition to providing material for taxonomy and systematics, DNA sequences derived from the physical specimens provide information about fungal demography, dispersal patterns, and are emerging as a source of genomic data. As DNA analysis technologies develop further, the importance of fungarium specimens as easily accessible sources of information will likely continue to grow.This article is part of the theme issue 'Biological collections for understanding biodiversity in the Anthropocene'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Andrew
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Diez
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Timothy Y James
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Håvard Kauserud
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Irga PJ, Barker K, Torpy FR. Conservation mycology in Australia and the potential role of citizen science. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2018; 32:1031-1037. [PMID: 29687520 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are undoubtedly important for ecosystem functioning; however, they have been omitted or given scant attention in most biodiversity policy documents, management plans, and formal conservation schedules throughout the world. This oversight may be due to a general lack of awareness in the scientific community and compounded by a scarcity of mycology-associated curricula at the tertiary level and a lack of mycologists in research institutions. Although molecular techniques advance the systematic cataloging of fungi and facilitate insights into fungal communities, the scarcity of professional mycologists in the environmental sciences hampers conservation efforts. Conversely, citizen science initiatives are making significant contributions to the mycology discipline by increasing awareness and extending the scope of fungal surveys. Future research by professional and amateur mycologists into the distribution of fungi and their function in ecosystems will help identify wider and more effective conservation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Irga
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, 81 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Katherine Barker
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Fraser R Torpy
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Stürmer SL, Kemmelmeier K, Moreira BC, Kasuya MCM, Pereira GMD, da Silva K. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) communities in tropical savannas of Roraima, Brazil. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kranabetter JM, Berch SM, MacKinnon JA, Ceska O, Dunn DE, Ott PK. Species-area curve and distance-decay relationships indicate habitat thresholds of ectomycorrhizal fungi in an old-growth Pseudotsuga menziesii
landscape. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Kranabetter
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations; Victoria BC Canada
| | - S. M. Berch
- British Columbia Ministry of Environment; Victoria BC Canada
| | - J. A. MacKinnon
- School of Resource and Environmental Management; Simon Fraser University; Burnaby BC Canada
| | - O. Ceska
- Consulting Mycologist; Victoria BC Canada
| | - D. E. Dunn
- Pacific Forestry Centre; Natural Resources Canada; Victoria BC Canada
| | - P. K. Ott
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations; Victoria BC Canada
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Runnel K, Lõhmus A. Deadwood-rich managed forests provide insights into the old-forest association of wood-inhabiting fungi. FUNGAL ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Luoma DL, Eberhart JL. Relationships between Swiss needle cast and ectomycorrhizal fungus diversity. Mycologia 2017; 106:666-75. [DOI: 10.3852/12-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joyce L. Eberhart
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
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Heilmann-Clausen J, Barron ES, Boddy L, Dahlberg A, Griffith GW, Nordén J, Ovaskainen O, Perini C, Senn-Irlet B, Halme P. A fungal perspective on conservation biology. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2015; 29:61-8. [PMID: 25185751 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hitherto fungi have rarely been considered in conservation biology, but this is changing as the field moves from addressing single species issues to an integrative ecosystem-based approach. The current emphasis on biodiversity as a provider of ecosystem services throws the spotlight on the vast diversity of fungi, their crucial roles in terrestrial ecosystems, and the benefits of considering fungi in concert with animals and plants. We reviewed the role of fungi in ecosystems and composed an overview of the current state of conservation of fungi. There are 5 areas in which fungi can be readily integrated into conservation: as providers of habitats and processes important for other organisms; as indicators of desired or undesired trends in ecosystem functioning; as indicators of habitats of conservation value; as providers of powerful links between human societies and the natural world because of their value as food, medicine, and biotechnological tools; and as sources of novel tools and approaches for conservation of megadiverse organism groups. We hope conservation professionals will value the potential of fungi, engage mycologists in their work, and appreciate the crucial role of fungi in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Heilmann-Clausen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7007, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Biosciences, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Little evidence for niche partitioning among ectomycorrhizal fungi on spruce seedlings planted in decayed wood versus mineral soil microsites. Oecologia 2014; 173:1499-1511. [PMID: 23797413 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-013-2713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities vary among microhabitats, supporting a dominant role for deterministic processes in EMF community assemblage. EMF communities also differ between forest and clearcut environments, responding to this disturbance in a directional manner over time by returning to the species composition of the original forest. Accordingly, we examined EMF community composition on roots of spruce seedlings planted in three different microhabitats in forest and clearcut plots: decayed wood, mineral soil adjacent to downed wood, or control mineral soil, to determine the effect of retained downed wood on EMF communities over the medium and long term. If downed and decayed wood provide refuge habitat distinct from that of mineral soil, we would expect EMF communities on seedlings in woody habitats in clearcuts to be similar to those on seedlings planted in the adjacent forest. As expected, we found EMF species richness to be higher in forests than clearcuts (P ≤ 0.01), even though soil nutrient status did not differ greatly between the two plot types (P ≥ 0.05). Communities on forest seedlings were dominated by Tylospora spp., whereas those in clearcuts were dominated by Amphinema byssoides and Thelephora terrestris. Surprisingly, while substrate conditions varied among microsites (P ≤ 0.03), especially between decayed wood and mineral soil, EMF communities were not distinctly different among microhabitats. Our data suggest that niche partitioning by substrate does not occur among EMF species on very young seedlings in high elevation spruce-fir forests. Further, dispersal limitations shape EMF community assembly in clearcuts in these forests.
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Kranabetter J, de Montigny L, Ross G. Effectiveness of green-tree retention in the conservation of ectomycorrhizal fungi. FUNGAL ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Halme P, Heilmann-Clausen J, Rämä T, Kosonen T, Kunttu P. Monitoring fungal biodiversity – towards an integrated approach. FUNGAL ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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3,000 species and no end – species richness and community pattern of woodland macrofungi in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. Mycol Prog 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-011-0769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Barron ES. The emergence and coalescence of fungal conservation social networks in Europe and the U.S.A. FUNGAL ECOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pringle A, Barron E, Sartor K, Wares J. Fungi and the Anthropocene: Biodiversity discovery in an epoch of loss. FUNGAL ECOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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