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Yalfani A, Ahmadi M, Asgarpoor A, Haji Ahmadi A. Effect of foot orthoses on dynamic balance in taekwondo athletes with flexible flatfoot: A randomized controlled trial. Foot (Edinb) 2023; 56:102042. [PMID: 37354702 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2023.102042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flexible flatfoot (FFF) cause biomechanical and sensorimotor disorders of the foot and ankle complex and reduce of postural stability. Postural stability is an important movement skill that affects the performance of taekwondo (TKD) athletes and can lead to fall injuries. The purpose of this study is the effect 12-week application of foot orthosis (FOs) on dynamic balance in TKD athletes with FFF. METHOD In this trial, 30 girls of the TKD athletes with FFF were recruited. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 subjects in each group). The experimental group used FOs with medial longitudinal arch support for 12 weeks, and the control group did not have any intervention. The outcome measures include navicular drop and balance in three directions: anterior-posterior, medial-lateral and overall stability. Covariance analysis was used to compare the results between two groups. RESULTS The covariance results showed that the experimental group compared to the control group with a high effect size had a significant difference in reducing of navicular drop (P = 0.000, ηp2 =0.512), anterior-posterior sway (P = 0.000, (ηp2 =0.397) medial-lateral sway (P = 0.019, ηp2 = 0.186) and overall stability sway (P = 0.008, ηp2 = 0.232). CONCLUSIONS The FOs with medial longitudinal arch support leads to FFF correction and provides mechanical stability of the foot and ankle complex. Also, the impulses sent from plantar receptors are increased and a better understanding of postural sway is transmitted to the central nervous system and balance strategies are improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yalfani
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Ahmadi
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Azadeh Asgarpoor
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Aylar Haji Ahmadi
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Blanchet M, Prince F. Mediolateral Postural Control Mechanisms and Proprioception Improve With Kicking Sports Training During Adolescence. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37391194 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2020-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Sensorimotor stimulation during the sensitive period is crucial for proper brain development. Kicking sports (KS) training stimulates these sensorimotor functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate if incorporating specific sensorimotor stimulation in mediolateral axis and proprioceptive inputs during KS training will improve the specific sensorimotor performance in adolescents. We assessed stability limits in 13 KS practitioners and 20 control participants. Starting from an upright position, subjects were asked to lean as far as possible (forward, backward, rightward, and leftward). Three sensory conditions were tested: (1) eyes open, (2) eyes closed, and (3) eyes closed while standing on a foam mat. We analyzed the maximal center of pressure excursion and the root means square of the center of pressure displacements. Results showed that KS group had smaller root means square and larger maximal center of pressure excursions than those of control participants in mediolateral axis in all sensory conditions. Furthermore, the results also revealed a significant smaller root means square excursion in KS group under foam mat condition compared to control group ML axis. This study provides evidence that KS training improved the lateral balance control and proprioceptive integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariève Blanchet
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC,Canada
| | - François Prince
- Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC,Canada
- Institut national du sport du Québec, Montréal, QC,Canada
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3
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Bula A, Tatar K, Wysocka R, Chyrek K, Piejko L, Nawrat-Szołtysik A, Polak A. Effect of Physical Activity on Static and Dynamic Postural Balance in Women Treated for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3722. [PMID: 36834417 PMCID: PMC9961643 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapies against breast cancer (BC) frequently involve complications that impair patients' daily function and quality of life, the most common of which are motor coordination and balance disorders, increasing the risk of falls and injuries. In such cases, physical activity is recommended. Designed following the PRISMA guidelines, this study presents a systematic review of randomised and pilot clinical trials investigating the effect of physical exercises on postural balance in women treated for BC. METHODS Scientific databases (PubMed, EBSCO) and the online resources of grey publications were searched for trial reports published between January 2002 and February 2022. The inclusion criteria necessitated full-text, English-language reports from randomised clinical trials (RCTs) or pilot clinical trials (pilot CTs), whose authors used physical exercises to treat women with BC and the experimental and control groups consisted of at least 10 women. The methodological quality of the RCTs and pilot CTs were measured using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale and the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS), respectively. Data were extracted on the effect of exercise on the women's static and dynamic balance. RESULTS Seven reports, five RCTs and two pilot CTs involving a total of 575 women (aged 18-83 years) were included in the systematic review. Their training protocols utilised a variety of aerobic, strength, endurance, sensorimotor, Pilates exercises, and fitness exercises with elements of soccer. The experimental groups usually worked out in fitness or rehabilitation centres under the supervision of physiotherapists or trainers. Training sessions of 30-150 min were held 2 or 3 times a week for 1.5-24 months. Most trials reported that static and dynamic balance in the experimental groups improved significantly more compared with the control groups. CONCLUSIONS Physical exercises are able to improve static and dynamic postural balance in women treated for BC. However, as all evidence in support of this conclusion comes from only two pilot CT and five RCTs whose methodologies varied widely, more high quality research is needed to validate their findings and determine which exercise protocols are the most effective in improving postural control in women with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Bula
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Tatar
- Student Scientific Association, The Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Regina Wysocka
- Tommed Medical and Rehabilitation Center, 40-662 Katowice, Poland
| | - Kasper Chyrek
- Doctoral School, Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Laura Piejko
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
- Clinical Department of Physiotherapy in Mental Diseases of the Academy of Physical Education, Psychiatric Hospital, 40-200 Rybnik, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nawrat-Szołtysik
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Polak
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
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4
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Czarnota M, Walicka-Cupryś K. Is There Influence of Gender and the Specificity of Sports Activities on the Performance of Body Balance in Young Athletes? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15037. [PMID: 36429757 PMCID: PMC9690927 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sports training can significantly influence specific motor skills. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gender and the specificity of sports activities on body balance, symmetry of lower extremity loads (SI) as well as body mass index (BMI) in young athletes aged 14 to 17. There were 240 participants (145 boys and 95 girls) divided into five groups: swimmers, dancers, soccer players, archery and control group. The average age was 16. Participants had 3 years of training experience (training three times a week or training that lasted between 4.5 and 6 h weekly). To assess balance, the stabilized Zebris platform was used in the study. The SI was calculated based on the percentage load on the lower extremities, dividing the greater value by the lower. Body mass index was calculated on the basis of height and weight. Women had a significantly lower BMI and balance in some analyzed parameters, while men had better SI. Archers obtained the best results of the balance parameters and the worst results of SI. Only swimmers and soccer players had a normal SI. Sports specialization generates significant differences in the manifestation of balance compared to the gender variable and sport discipline.
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5
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Aloui A, Tayech A, Mejri MA, Makhlouf I, Clark CCT, Granacher U, Zouhal H, Ben Abderrahman A. Reliability and Validity of a New Taekwondo-Specific Change-of-Direction Speed Test With Striking Techniques in Elite Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:774546. [PMID: 35557973 PMCID: PMC9086405 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.774546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminative validity of a new taekwondo-specific change-of-direction (COD) speed test with striking techniques (TST) in elite taekwondo athletes. Twenty (10 males and 10 females) elite (athletes who compete at national level) and top-elite (athletes who compete at national and international level) taekwondo athletes with an average training background of 8.9 ± 1.3 years of systematic taekwondo training participated in this study. During the two-week test-retest period, various generic performance tests measuring COD speed, balance, speed, and jump performance were carried out during the first week and as a retest during the second week. Three TST trials were conducted with each athlete and the best trial was used for further analyses. The relevant performance measure derived from the TST was the time with striking penalty (TST-TSP). TST-TSP performances amounted to 10.57 ± 1.08 s for males and 11.74 ± 1.34 s for females. The reliability analysis of the TST performance was conducted after logarithmic transformation, in order to address the problem of heteroscedasticity. In both groups, the TST demonstrated a high relative test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients and 90% compatibility limits were 0.80 and 0.47 to 0.93, respectively). For absolute reliability, the TST’s typical error of measurement (TEM), 90% compatibility limits, and magnitudes were 4.6%, 3.4 to 7.7, for males, and 5.4%, 3.9 to 9.0, for females. The homogeneous sample of taekwondo athletes meant that the TST’s TEM exceeded the usual smallest important change (SIC) with 0.2 effect size in the two groups. The new test showed mostly very large correlations with linear sprint speed (r = 0.71 to 0.85) and dynamic balance (r = −0.71 and −0.74), large correlations with COD speed (r = 0.57 to 0.60) and vertical jump performance (r = −0.50 to −0.65), and moderate correlations with horizontal jump performance (r = −0.34 to −0.45) and static balance (r = −0.39 to −0.44). Top-elite athletes showed better TST performances than elite counterparts. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the TST effectively discriminated between top-elite and elite taekwondo athletes. In conclusion, the TST is a valid, and sensitive test to evaluate the COD speed with taekwondo specific skills, and reliable when considering ICC and TEM. Although the usefulness of the TST is questioned to detect small performance changes in the present population, the TST can detect moderate changes in taekwondo-specific COD speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aloui
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé)-EA 1274, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Amel Tayech
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Arbi Mejri
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Issam Makhlouf
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé)-EA 1274, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
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6
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Postural Stability in Single-Leg Quiet Stance in Highly Trained Athletes: Sex and Sport Differences. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11041009. [PMID: 35207283 PMCID: PMC8875157 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11041009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine if there is a difference in postural stability in highly trained adolescents and young adult athletes regarding sex and sport. The participants were young athletes (n = 464) from seven different sports. We considered the center of pressure (CoP) velocity (total, anterior–posterior (AP) and medial–lateral (ML)), CoP amplitude (AP and ML), and CoP frequency (AP and ML), as assessed by single-leg quiet stance test. Significant interactions were found between sex and sport for all CoP variables (p < 0.02). Additionally, a significant main effect of sport was also found in all CoP variables (p = 0.01). Regarding sex, significant effects were found for all CoP amplitude variables (p = 0.01), as well as for CoP velocity variables, except for CoP ML (p = 0.06). Moreover, there was no sex effect for CoP frequency AP (p = 0.18). The results of the current study confirm the claim that the criteria for optimal postural strategies for elite athletes likely depend on a given sport.
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7
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Leal del Ojo P, Floría P, Harrison AJ, Gómez-Landero LA. Effects of task difficulty on centre of pressure excursion and its inter-trial variability in acrobatic gymnastics pyramid performance. Sports Biomech 2020:1-16. [DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2020.1770322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Floría
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Andrew J Harrison
- Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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8
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Gencay O, Gencay S, Gencay E. A comparison of static and dynamic balance performance in adolescent male wrestlers and judoists. Sci Sports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Rzepko M, Drozd S, Żegleń P, Król P, Bajorek W, Czarny W. The Effect of Training Experience on Postural Control in Competitive Wrestlers. J Hum Kinet 2019; 70:39-45. [PMID: 31915474 PMCID: PMC6942471 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of training experience in wrestling on postural control. Fourteen elite athletes with at least 8 years of wrestling training and competition experience participated in the study. The control group consisted of fifteen healthy adults who were not competitive athletes. The center of pressure (COP) trajectories were recorded with the use of an AMTI force plate at a sampling frequency of 50 Hz. The rambling-trembling decomposition method was used to analyze the COP trajectory data. The main finding was a significant effect of training experience on postural control in only the sagittal plane. Interestingly, significant differences in velocity were observed for the trembling component of the COP. All described variables were significantly higher in wrestlers. We hypothesized that balance training may lead to task-specific neural adaptations at the spinal and supraspinal levels. It was concluded that further research of high methodological quality is needed to determine the effect of training experience on balance control in elite athletes. Additionally, this effect should be observed in youth athletes, as it may be treated as a selection criteria in the training process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Rzepko
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, RzeszówPoland
| | - Sławomir Drozd
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, RzeszówPoland
| | - Patrycja Żegleń
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, RzeszówPoland
| | - Paweł Król
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, RzeszówPoland
| | - Wojciech Bajorek
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, RzeszówPoland
| | - Wojciech Czarny
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, RzeszówPoland
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10
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The effect of contact sport expertise on postural control. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212334. [PMID: 30763383 PMCID: PMC6375620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that expertise in sport influences standing balance ability. However, little is known concerning how physical contact in sport affects balance ability. The aim of this study was to examine whether differences between contact and limited-contact sport experiences results in differences in postural control. Twenty male collegiate athletes (10 soccer/contact, 10 baseball/limited contact) and ten male untrained students stood quietly on a force plate under various bipedal and unipedal conditions, with and without vision. Significant differences for sway area and COP speed were found between the soccer players and the other two groups for unipedal stances without vision. Soccer players were found to have superior postural control compared with participants involved in limited contact sport or no sport at all. Contact sports may lead to increased postural control through enhanced use of proprioceptive and vestibular information.
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11
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Patti A, Messina G, Palma R, Barcellona M, Brusa J, Iovane A, Palma A. Comparison of posturographic parameters between young taekwondo and tennis athletes. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1052-1055. [PMID: 30154599 PMCID: PMC6110219 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Physical activity can influence the development of postural control and
balance. Therefore, the aim of study was to use posturography assessment to compare
balance control on the Romberg test between athletes in two very different sports,
taekwondo and tennis. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-nine young athletes participated
in the study, 11 forming the taekwondo group and 18 the tennis group. Posturography was
performed using the FreeMed system (Sensor Medica). Between-group differences were
evaluated using unpaired Student’s t-test. [Results] There was a significance
between-group difference in the centre of pressure and the ellipse surface area with no
between-group difference in frontal and sagittal plane postural control. [Conclusion] The
taekwondo athletes displayed greater stability than tennis athletes, with a smaller
ellipse area and a decrease in the amplitude of oscillations of the centre of pressure
along the frontal plane, adaptations which likely reflect the demands of the taekwondo.
Further studies are needed to support these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Patti
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Messina
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy.,Posturalab Research Institute, Italy
| | - Romilda Palma
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcellona
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Jessica Brusa
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy.,Posturalab Research Institute, Italy
| | - Angelo Iovane
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo: Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
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Munzert J, Müller J, Joch M, Reiser M. Specificity of Postural Control: Comparing Expert and Intermediate Dancers. J Mot Behav 2018; 51:259-271. [PMID: 29791278 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2018.1468310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The expert-novice approach is inappropriate for studying postural control in sport and dance when novices are completely unable to perform relevant postural tasks and experts cannot demonstrate specific skills on everyday postural tasks. We tested expertise-specific differences on 6 static everyday and 5 dynamic dance-like postural tasks of varying difficulty in 13 professional and 12 intermediate nonprofessional dancers. Results showed a clear expert advantage on sway area for dance-like postural tasks, but not for static everyday tasks. This effect was also found for the control parameter of root mean square (RMS) velocity and partly for RMS amplitude of the difference signal between CoP and CoG line location. Results indicate that the expert advantage is task-specific and deliver new insights into the specificity of experts' postural performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Munzert
- a Neuromotor Behaviour Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Sports Sciences , Justus-Liebig University Giessen , Germany
| | - Jelena Müller
- a Neuromotor Behaviour Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Sports Sciences , Justus-Liebig University Giessen , Germany
| | - Michael Joch
- a Neuromotor Behaviour Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Sports Sciences , Justus-Liebig University Giessen , Germany
| | - Mathias Reiser
- a Neuromotor Behaviour Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Sports Sciences , Justus-Liebig University Giessen , Germany
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13
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Sirois-Leclerc G, Remaud A, Bilodeau M. Dynamic postural control and associated attentional demands in contemporary dancers versus non-dancers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173795. [PMID: 28323843 PMCID: PMC5360244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Postural control is not a fully automatic process, but requires a certain level of attention, particularly as the difficulty of the postural task increases. This study aimed at testing whether experienced contemporary dancers, because of their specialized training involving the control of posture/balance, would present with a dual-task performance suggesting lesser attentional demands associated with dynamic postural control compared with non-dancers. Twenty dancers and 16 non-dancers performed a dynamic postural tracking task in both antero-posterior and side-to-side directions, while standing on a force platform. The postural task was performed, in turn, 1) as a stand-alone task, and concurrently with both 2) a simple reaction time task and 3) a choice reaction time task. Postural control performance was estimated through variables calculated from centre of pressure movements. Although no overall group difference was found in reaction time values, we found a better ability to control the side to side movements of the centre of pressure during the tracking task in dancers compared with non-dancers, which was dependent on the secondary task. This suggests that such increased ability is influenced by available attentional resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Sirois-Leclerc
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Martin Bilodeau
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail:
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14
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Chen WY, Wu SK, Song TF, Chou KM, Wang KY, Chang YC, Goodbourn PT. Perceptual and Motor Performance of Combat-Sport Athletes Differs According to Specific Demands of the Discipline. Percept Mot Skills 2016; 124:293-313. [PMID: 27932534 DOI: 10.1177/0031512516681342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The specific demands of a combat-sport discipline may be reflected in the perceptual-motor performance of its athletes. Taekwondo, which emphasizes kicking, might require faster perceptual processing to compensate for longer latencies to initiate lower-limb movements and to give rapid visual feedback for dynamic postural control, while Karate, which emphasizes both striking with the hands and kicking, might require exceptional eye-hand coordination and fast perceptual processing. In samples of 38 Taekwondo athletes (16 females, 22 males; mean age = 19.9 years, SD = 1.2), 24 Karate athletes (9 females, 15 males; mean age = 18.9 years, SD = 0.9), and 35 Nonathletes (20 females, 15 males; mean age = 20.6 years, SD = 1.5), we measured eye-hand coordination with the Finger-Nose-Finger task, and both perceptual-processing speed and attentional control with the Covert Orienting of Visual Attention (COVAT) task. Eye-hand coordination was significantly better for Karate athletes than for Taekwondo athletes and Nonathletes, but reaction times for the upper extremities in the COVAT task-indicative of perceptual-processing speed-were faster for Taekwondo athletes than for Karate athletes and Nonathletes. In addition, we found no significant difference among groups in attentional control, as indexed by the reaction-time cost of an invalid cue in the COVAT task. The results suggest that athletes in different combat sports exhibit distinct profiles of perceptual-motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ying Chen
- 1 Department of Rehabilitation Science, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Sheng K Wu
- 2 Institute of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Fen Song
- 2 Institute of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ming Chou
- 3 Department of Combat Sport, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Yuan Wang
- 4 Department of Recreational Sport, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ching Chang
- 2 Institute of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Patrick T Goodbourn
- 5 School of Psychology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,6 School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Maitre J, Paillard T. Postural Effects of Vestibular Manipulation Depend on the Physical Activity Status. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162966. [PMID: 27627441 PMCID: PMC5023127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) on postural control for participants of different physical activity status (i.e. active and non-active). Two groups of participants were recruited: one group of participants who regularly practised sports activities (active group, n = 17), and one group of participants who did not practise physical and/or sports activities (non-active group, n = 17). They were compared in a reference condition (i.e bipedal stance with eyes open) and four vestibular manipulation condition (i.e. GVS at 0.5 mA and 3 mA, in accordance with two designs) lasting 20 seconds. The centre of foot pressure displacement velocities were compared between the two groups. The main results indicate that the regular practice of sports activities counteracts postural control disruption caused by GVS. The active group demonstrated better postural control than the non-active group when subjected to higher vestibular manipulation. The active group may have developed their ability to reduce the influence of inaccurate vestibular signals. The active participants could identify the relevant sensory input, thought a better central integration, which enables them to switch faster between sensory inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Maitre
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance et Santé, EA 4445, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Département STAPS, Tarbes, France
| | - Thierry Paillard
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance et Santé, EA 4445, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Département STAPS, Tarbes, France
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16
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Nukaga H, Takeda T, Nakajima K, Narimatsu K, Ozawa T, Ishigami K, Funato K. Masseter Muscle Activity in Track and Field Athletes: A Pilot Study. Open Dent J 2016; 10:474-485. [PMID: 27708727 PMCID: PMC5037935 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth clenching has been shown to improve remote muscle activity (by augmentation of the Hoffmann reflex), and joint fixation (by decreased reciprocal inhibition) in the entire body. Clenching could help maintain balance, improve systemic function, and enhance safety. Teeth clenching from a sports dentistry viewpoint was thought to be important and challenging. Therefore, it is quite important to investigate mastication muscles' activity and function during sports events for clarifying a physiological role of the mastication muscle itself and involvement of mastication muscle function in whole body movement. Running is a basic motion of a lot of sports; however, a mastication muscles activity during this motion was not clarified. Throwing and jumping operation were in a same situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of masseter muscle activity during track and field events. In total, 28 track and field athletes took part in the study. The Multichannel Telemetry system was used to monitor muscle activity, and the electromyograms obtained were synchronized with digital video imaging. The masseter muscle activity threshold was set 15% of maximum voluntary clenching. As results, with few exceptions, masseter muscle activity were observed during all analyzed phases of the 5 activities, and that phases in which most participants showed masseter muscle activity were characterized by initial acceleration, such as in the short sprint, from the commencement of throwing to release in both the javelin throw and shot put, and at the take-off and landing phases in both jumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Nukaga
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan, 2-9-18, Misaki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Takeda
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan, 2-9-18, Misaki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakajima
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan, 2-9-18, Misaki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Keishiro Narimatsu
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan, 2-9-18, Misaki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Ozawa
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan, 2-9-18, Misaki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ishigami
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan, 2-9-18, Misaki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kazuo Funato
- Department of Graduate Course of Training Science Director Sports Center Nippon Sports Science University, Kamoshida, Aoba, Yokohama, 227-0033, Japan
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17
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Carter K, Horvat M. Effect of Taekwondo Training on Lower Body Strength and Balance in Young Adults with Down Syndrome. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Carter
- University of Louisville; Louisville Kentucky USA
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18
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Pre-pubertal males practising Taekwondo exhibit favourable postural and neuromuscular performance. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2016; 8:16. [PMID: 27274848 PMCID: PMC4893255 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-016-0040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background The postural and neuromuscular performances in healthy children taekwondo (TKD) practitioners in comparison with control children were examined. Methods Seventeen healthy pre-pubertal males undertaking only physical education at school (age: 11.88 ± 0.33 years) and 12 pre-pubertal male TKD practitioners (>3 years, 4 sessions a week) (age 11.66 ± 0.49 years) were recruited. Performances in the dynamic postural control (Star Excursion Balance Test -SEBT), vertical jump [squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ)] and sprint running (distances: 5, 10, 20 and 30 m) tests were compared between the two groups. Results The performances of the TKD practitioners were better than those of the non-TKD active for the SEBT (for 14 of 16 conditions, p < 0.05), SJ (p < 0.01), CMJ (p < 0.03) sprint running (5 m, p < 0.01; 10 m, p < 0.04; the performances for the 20 and 30 m sprints were not significant, p > 0.05). Conclusions TKD practice would stimulate sensory input and motor output of the postural system that would enhance its efficiency. In addition, the dynamic nature of TKD would develop the muscle power of the lower limbs. In our sample of healthy pre-pubertal males, TKD appears to improve postural and neuromuscular functions, but further research is required. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13102-016-0040-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Worden TA, Vallis LA. Concurrent performance of a cognitive and dynamic obstacle avoidance task: influence of dual-task training. J Mot Behav 2014; 46:357-68. [PMID: 24914575 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2014.914887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The performance of 2 or more attention demanding tasks simultaneously is poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to investigate optimal practice strategies for performing 2 simultaneous tasks. Eighteen young adults walked and stepped over either a static or dynamic obstacle, while responding to an auditory Stroop test. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: one that practiced both tasks simultaneously, practiced only the cognitive task, or received no practice. Results indicate that only the dual-task practice group showed significantly more improvement in the locomotor task through reduced variability of gait velocity, obstacle clearance, and takeoff distance. Findings demonstrate that the practice of two concurrent, attention demanding tasks results in the best performance improvement for both tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Worden
- a Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Ontario , Canada
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