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Ramalho MJ, Serra É, Lima J, Loureiro JA, Pereira MC. Chitosan-PLGA mucoadhesive nanoparticles for gemcitabine repurposing for glioblastoma therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 200:114326. [PMID: 38759897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly deadly brain tumor that does not respond satisfactorily to conventional treatment. The non-alkylating agent gemcitabine (GEM) has been proposed for treating GBM. It can overcome MGMT protein-mediated resistance, a major limitation of conventional therapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). However, GEM's high systemic toxicity and poor permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) pose significant challenges for its delivery to the brain. Thus, mucoadhesive poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with chitosan (CH), suitable for intranasal GEM delivery, were proposed in this work. A central composite design (CCD) was implemented for NPs optimization, and NPs with appropriate characteristics for intranasal administration were obtained. in vitro studies revealed that the NPs possess excellent mucoadhesive properties and the ability to selectively release GEM in the simulated tumor tissue environment. in vitro studies using two human GBM cell lines (U215 and T98G) revealed the NPs' ability to promote GEM's antiproliferative activity to sensitize cells to the effect of TMZ. The findings of this work demonstrate that the developed CH-GEM-NPs are suitable delivery systems for GEM, both as a single therapy and as a chemosensitizer to the GBM gold standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Ramalho
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Érica Serra
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Lima
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-10 135 Porto, Portugal; Ipatimup - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Angélica Loureiro
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Carmo Pereira
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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2
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Chen KL, Huang SW, Yao JJ, He SW, Gong S, Tan XR, Liang YL, Li JY, Huang SY, Li YQ, Zhao Y, Qiao H, Xu S, Zang S, Ma J, Liu N. LncRNA DYNLRB2-AS1 promotes gemcitabine resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting the ubiquitination degradation of DHX9 protein. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 76:101111. [PMID: 38908233 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM) based induction chemotherapy is a standard treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, approximately 15 % of patients are still resistant to GEM-containing chemotherapy, which leads to treatment failure. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of GEM resistance remain poorly understood. Herein, based on a microarray analysis, we identified 221 dysregulated lncRNAs, of which, DYNLRB2-AS1 was one of the most upregulated lncRNAs in GEM-resistance NPC cell lines. DYNLRB2-AS1 was shown to function as contain an oncogenic lncRNA that promoted NPC GEM resistance, cell proliferation, but inhibited cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, DYNLRB2-AS1 could directly bind to the DHX9 protein and prevent its interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase PRPF19, and thus blocking PRPF19-mediated DHX9 degradation, which ultimately facilitated the repair of DNA damage in the presence of GEM. Clinically, higher DYNLRB2-AS1 expression indicated an unfavourable overall survival of NPC patients who received induction chemotherapy. Overall, this study identified the oncogenic lncRNA DYNLRB2-AS1 as an independent prognostic biomarker for patients with locally advanced NPC and as a potential therapeutic target for overcoming GEM chemoresistance in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Sai-Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ji-Jin Yao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Shi-Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sha Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xi-Rong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ye-Lin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jun-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ying-Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Han Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sha Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shengbing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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3
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Singh G, Kutcher D, Lally R, Rai V. Targeting Neoantigens in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2101. [PMID: 38893220 PMCID: PMC11171042 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer and is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States after lung and colon cancer. PDAC is estimated to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. The diagnosis at a late stage is the underlying cause for higher mortality and poor prognosis after surgery. Treatment resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy results in recurrence after surgery and poor prognosis. Neoantigen burden and CD8+ T-cell infiltration are associated with clinical outcomes in PDAC and paucity of neoantigen-reactive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes may be the underlying cause for treatment resistance for immunotherapy. This suggests a need to identify additional neoantigens and therapies targeting these neoantigens to improve clinical outcomes in PDAC. In this review, we focus on describing the pathophysiology, current treatment strategies, and treatment resistance in PDAC followed by the need to target neoantigens in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (G.S.); (D.K.); (R.L.)
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4
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Al-Kadash A, Alshaer W, Mahmoud IS, Wehaibi S, Zihlif M. Enhancing chemosensitivity of PANC1 pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine using ANGTPL4, Notch1 and NF-κβ1 siRNAs. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO918. [PMID: 38817387 PMCID: PMC11137792 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: siRNA can silence targeted genes with lesser toxicity than therapeutic drugs. Therefore, this study aims to investigate new approaches to treat pancreatic cancer (PC) using combinations of siRNA and gemcitabine. Methods: Three genes, ANGTPL4, Notch1 and NF-κβ1, were silenced using siRNA, and their anti-proliferative effects were studied in combination with gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1) using MTT viability assay. Results: Our results showed a significant reduction in PANC-1 cells growth upon treating cells with gemcitabine and single and combinations of siRNA sequences specific for ANGTPL4, Notch1 and NF-κβ1 genes. Conclusion: Co-transfection of gemcitabine-treated PANC-1 cells with ANGPTL4, Notch1 and NF-κβsiRNAs enhances the chemosensitivity of PANC-1 cells to gemcitabine can be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulfattah Al-Kadash
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Ismail Sami Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Suha Wehaibi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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5
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Guerassimoff L, Ferrere M, Van Herck S, Dehissi S, Nicolas V, De Geest BG, Nicolas J. Thermosensitive polymer prodrug nanoparticles prepared by an all-aqueous nanoprecipitation process and application to combination therapy. J Control Release 2024; 369:376-393. [PMID: 38554772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite their great versatility and ease of functionalization, most polymer-based nanocarriers intended for use in drug delivery often face serious limitations that can prevent their clinical translation, such as uncontrolled drug release and off-target toxicity, which mainly originate from the burst release phenomenon. In addition, residual solvents from the formulation process can induce toxicity, alter the physico-chemical and biological properties and can strongly impair further pharmaceutical development. To address these issues, we report polymer prodrug nanoparticles, which are prepared without organic solvents via an all-aqueous formulation process, and provide sustained drug release. This was achieved by the "drug-initiated" synthesis of well-defined copolymer prodrugs exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and based on the anticancer drug gemcitabine (Gem). After screening for different structural parameters, prodrugs based on amphiphilic diblock copolymers were formulated into stable nanoparticles by all-aqueous nanoprecipitation, with rather narrow particle size distribution and average diameters in the 50-80 nm range. They exhibited sustained Gem release in human serum and acetate buffer, rapid cellular uptake and significant cytotoxicity on A549 and Mia PaCa-2 cancer cells. We also demonstrated the versatility of this approach by formulating Gem-based polymer prodrug nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin (Dox) for combination therapy. The dual-drug nanoparticles exhibited sustained release of Gem in human serum and acidic release of Dox under accelerated pathophysiological conditions. Importantly, they also induced a synergistic effect on triple-negative breast cancer line MDA-MB-231, which is a relevant cell line to this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Guerassimoff
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Marianne Ferrere
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Simon Van Herck
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Samy Dehissi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Valérie Nicolas
- Institut Paris-Saclay d'Innovation Thérapeutique (IPSIT), UMS IPSIT Université Paris-Saclay US 31 INSERM, UMS 3679 CNRS, Microscopy Facility, Orsay 91400, France
| | - Bruno G De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91400, France.
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Constantin M, Chifiriuc MC, Mihaescu G, Corcionivoschi N, Burlibasa L, Bleotu C, Tudorache S, Mitache MM, Filip R, Munteanu SG, Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G. Microbiome and cancer: from mechanistic implications in disease progression and treatment to development of novel antitumoral strategies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1373504. [PMID: 38715617 PMCID: PMC11074409 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1373504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a very aggressive disease and one of mankind's most important health problems, causing numerous deaths each year. Its etiology is complex, including genetic, gender-related, infectious diseases, dysbiosis, immunological imbalances, lifestyle, including dietary factors, pollution etc. Cancer patients also become immunosuppressed, frequently as side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and prone to infections, which further promote the proliferation of tumor cells. In recent decades, the role and importance of the microbiota in cancer has become a hot spot in human biology research, bringing together oncology and human microbiology. In addition to their roles in the etiology of different cancers, microorganisms interact with tumor cells and may be involved in modulating their response to treatment and in the toxicity of anti-tumor therapies. In this review, we present an update on the roles of microbiota in cancer with a focus on interference with anticancer treatments and anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Constantin
- Institute of Biology, Bucharest of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine-King Michael I of Romania, Timisoara, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Coralia Bleotu
- Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Tudorache
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Roxana Filip
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- Suceava Emergency County Hospital, Suceava, Romania
| | | | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- eBio-Hub Research Centre, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Jiang L, Zhang L, Shu Y, Zhang Y, Gao L, Qiu S, Zhang W, Dai W, Chen S, Huang Y, Liu Y. Deciphering the role of Enterococcus faecium cytidine deaminase in gemcitabine resistance of gallbladder cancer. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107171. [PMID: 38492776 PMCID: PMC11007441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is a cornerstone of standard care for gallbladder cancer (GBC) treatment. Still, drug resistance remains a significant challenge, influenced by factors such as tumor-associated microbiota impacting drug concentrations within tumors. Enterococcus faecium, a member of tumor-associated microbiota, was notably enriched in the GBC patient cluster. In this study, we investigated the biochemical characteristics, catalytic activity, and kinetics of the cytidine deaminase of E. faecium (EfCDA). EfCDA showed the ability to convert gemcitabine to its metabolite 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine. Both EfCDA and E. faecium can induce gemcitabine resistance in GBC cells. Moreover, we determined the crystal structure of EfCDA, in its apo form and in complex with 2', 2'-difluorodeoxyuridine at high resolution. Mutation of key residues abolished the catalytic activity of EfCDA and reduced the gemcitabine resistance in GBC cells. Our findings provide structural insights into the molecular basis for recognizing gemcitabine metabolite by a bacteria CDA protein and may provide potential strategies to combat cancer drug resistance and improve the efficacy of gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in GBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Shu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Gao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimei Qiu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shili Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Cancer Systems Regulation and Clinical Translation, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Liu H, Zhou D, Liu D, Xu X, Zhang K, Hu R, Xiong P, Wang C, Zeng X, Wang L, Zhang S. Synergistic antitumor activity between HER2 antibody-drug conjugate and chemotherapy for treating advanced colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:187. [PMID: 38443386 PMCID: PMC10914798 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer associated with a poor prognosis. Effective targeted therapy alone or in combination for treating advanced CRC remains to be a major clinical challenge. Here, we propose the therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanism underlying RC48, a FDA-approved anti-HER2 antibody conjugate via a cleavable linker to the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), either alone or in combination with gemcitabine (GEM) in various models of HER2-positive advanced CRC. Our findings demonstrated that HER2 was widely expressed and located on the plasma membrane of CRC patient specimens, PDX xenograft tumors and cell lines. It confirmed that RC48 alone significantly targeted and eradicated HER2 positive CRC tumor in these models. Moreover, we screened a panel of FDA-approved first-line chemotherapy drugs in vitro. We found that GEM exhibited stronger antiproliferative activity compared to the other first-line anti-cancer agents. Furthermore, combination therapy of RC48 and GEM significantly showed synergetic antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. To gain further mechanistic insights into the combination therapy, we performed RNA-seq analysis. The results revealed that combination treatment of RC48 and GEM regulated multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K-AKT, MAPK, p53, Foxo, apoptosis, cell cycle and cell senescence, etc., to exert its antitumor activity in CRC cells. Collectively, these preclinical findings demonstrated that RC48 alone or combinational therapy exerted promising antitumor activity, and meriting the preclinical framework for combinational therapy of anti-HER2 drug conjugate drug and chemotherapy drugs for HER2-positive patients with advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Dongdong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Dongqin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ruxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Peng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Changxin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiangfu Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Liefeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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9
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Zhao X, Singhal A, Park S, Kong J, Bachelder R, Ideker T. Cancer Mutations Converge on a Collection of Protein Assemblies to Predict Resistance to Replication Stress. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:508-523. [PMID: 38236062 PMCID: PMC10905674 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Rapid proliferation is a hallmark of cancer associated with sensitivity to therapeutics that cause DNA replication stress (RS). Many tumors exhibit drug resistance, however, via molecular pathways that are incompletely understood. Here, we develop an ensemble of predictive models that elucidate how cancer mutations impact the response to common RS-inducing (RSi) agents. The models implement recent advances in deep learning to facilitate multidrug prediction and mechanistic interpretation. Initial studies in tumor cells identify 41 molecular assemblies that integrate alterations in hundreds of genes for accurate drug response prediction. These cover roles in transcription, repair, cell-cycle checkpoints, and growth signaling, of which 30 are shown by loss-of-function genetic screens to regulate drug sensitivity or replication restart. The model translates to cisplatin-treated cervical cancer patients, highlighting an RTK-JAK-STAT assembly governing resistance. This study defines a compendium of mechanisms by which mutations affect therapeutic responses, with implications for precision medicine. SIGNIFICANCE Zhao and colleagues use recent advances in machine learning to study the effects of tumor mutations on the response to common therapeutics that cause RS. The resulting predictive models integrate numerous genetic alterations distributed across a constellation of molecular assemblies, facilitating a quantitative and interpretable assessment of drug response. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- Division of Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Akshat Singhal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sungjoon Park
- Division of Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - JungHo Kong
- Division of Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Robin Bachelder
- Division of Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Trey Ideker
- Division of Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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10
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Mondal P, Meeran SM. The emerging role of the gut microbiome in cancer cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:135-154. [PMID: 37707749 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to therapeutic agents is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. Generally, the focus is given to the genetic driver, especially the genetic mutation behind the therapeutic resistance. However, non-mutational mechanisms, such as epigenetic modifications, and TME alteration, which is mainly driven by cancer cell plasticity, are also involved in therapeutic resistance. The concept of plasticity mainly relies on the conversion of non-cancer stem cells (CSCs) to CSCs or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via different mechanisms and various signaling pathways. Cancer plasticity plays a crucial role in therapeutic resistance as cancer cells are able to escape from therapeutics by shifting the phenotype and thereby enhancing tumor progression. New evidence suggests that gut microbiota can change cancer cell characteristics by impacting the mechanisms involved in cancer plasticity. Interestingly, gut microbiota can also influence the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs by modulating the mechanisms involved in cancer cell plasticity. The gut microbiota has been shown to reduce the toxicity of certain clinical drugs. Here, we have documented the critical role of the gut microbiota on the therapeutic efficacy of existing anticancer drugs by altering the cancer plasticity. Hence, the extended knowledge of the emerging role of gut microbiota in cancer cell plasticity can help to develop gut microbiota-based novel therapeutics to overcome the resistance or reduce the toxicity of existing drugs. Furthermore, to improve the effectiveness of therapy, it is necessary to conduct more clinical and preclinical research to fully comprehend the mechanisms of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mondal
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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11
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Dash S, Ueda T, Komuro A, Honda M, Sugisawa R, Okada H. Deoxycytidine kinase inactivation enhances gemcitabine resistance and sensitizes mitochondrial metabolism interference in pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:131. [PMID: 38346958 PMCID: PMC10861559 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered one of the most lethal forms of cancer. Although in the last decade, an increase in 5-year patient survival has been observed, the mortality rate remains high. As a first-line treatment for PDAC, gemcitabine alone or in combination (gemcitabine plus paclitaxel) has been used; however, drug resistance to this regimen is a growing issue. In our previous study, we reported MYC/glutamine dependency as a therapeutic target in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC secondary to deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) inactivation. Moreover, enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-associated genes was a common property shared by PDAC cell lines, and patient clinical samples coupled with low DCK expression was also demonstrated, which implicates DCK in cancer metabolism. In this article, we reveal that the expression of most genes encoding mitochondrial complexes is remarkably upregulated in PDAC patients with low DCK expression. The DCK-knockout (DCK KO) CFPAC-1 PDAC cell line model reiterated this observation. Particularly, OXPHOS was functionally enhanced in DCK KO cells as shown by a higher oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial ATP production. Electron microscopic observations revealed abnormal mitochondrial morphology in DCK KO cells. Furthermore, DCK inactivation exhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction accompanied with ROS-scavenging gene activation, such as SOD1 and SOD2. SOD2 inhibition in DCK KO cells clearly induced cell growth suppression. In combination with increased anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 expression in DCK KO cells, we finally reveal that venetoclax and a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor are therapeutically efficacious for DCK-inactivated CFPAC-1 cells in in vitro and xenograft models. Hence, our work provides insight into inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism as a novel therapeutic approach to overcome DCK inactivation-mediated gemcitabine resistance in PDAC patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Komuro
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masahiko Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sugisawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okada
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Anti-aging Center, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
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12
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Uehara M, Domoto T, Takenaka S, Takeuchi O, Shimasaki T, Miyashita T, Minamoto T. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β: the nexus of chemoresistance, invasive capacity, and cancer stemness in pancreatic cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:4. [PMID: 38318525 PMCID: PMC10838383 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of pancreatic cancer remains a significant clinical challenge due to the limited number of patients eligible for curative (R0) surgery, failures in the clinical development of targeted and immune therapies, and the pervasive acquisition of chemotherapeutic resistance. Refractory pancreatic cancer is typified by high invasiveness and resistance to therapy, with both attributes related to tumor cell stemness. These malignant characteristics mutually enhance each other, leading to rapid cancer progression. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have produced evidence of the pivotal role of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β in the progression of over 25 different cancer types, including pancreatic cancer. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge on the pathological roles of aberrant GSK3β in supporting tumor cell proliferation and invasion, as well as its contribution to gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Importantly, we discuss the central role of GSK3β as a molecular hub that mechanistically connects chemoresistance, tumor cell invasion, and stemness in pancreatic cancer. We also discuss the involvement of GSK3β in the formation of desmoplastic tumor stroma and in promoting anti-cancer immune evasion, both of which constitute major obstacles to successful cancer treatment. Overall, GSK3β has characteristics of a promising therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Uehara
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Takahiro Domoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Satoshi Takenaka
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Toyama City Hospital, Toyama 939-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Biomedical Laboratory, Department of Research, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Takeo Shimasaki
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Toyama City Hospital, Toyama 939-8511, Japan
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
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13
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Liu K, Zhou X, Huang F, Liu L, Xu Z, Gao C, Zhang K, Hong J, Yao N, Cheng G. Aurora B facilitates cholangiocarcinoma progression by stabilizing c-Myc. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38247322 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignancy that arises from biliary epithelial cells, has a dismal prognosis, and few targeted therapies are available. Aurora B, a key mitotic regulator, has been reported to be involved in the progression of various tumors, yet its role in CCA is still unclarified. METHODS Human CCA tissues and murine spontaneous CCA models were used to assess Aurora B expression in CCA. A loss-of-function model was constructed in CCA cells to determine the role of Aurora B in CCA progression. Subcutaneous and liver orthotopic xenograft models were used to assess the therapeutic potential of Aurora B inhibitors in CCA. RESULTS In murine spontaneous CCA models, Aurora B was significantly upregulated. Elevated Aurora B expression was also observed in 62.3% of human specimens in our validation cohort (143 CCA specimens), and high Aurora B expression was positively correlated with pathological parameters of tumors and poor survival. Knockdown of Aurora B by siRNA and heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO) or an Aurora B kinase inhibitor (AZD1152) significantly suppressed CCA progression via G2/M arrest induction. An interaction between Aurora B and c-Myc was found in CCA cells. Targeting Aurora B significantly reduced this interaction and accelerated the proteasomal degradation of c-Myc, suggesting that Aurora B promoted the malignant properties of CCA by stabilizing c-Myc. Furthermore, sequential application of AZD1152 or Aurora B HDO drastically improved the efficacy of gemcitabine in CCA. CONCLUSIONS Aurora B plays an essential role in CCA progression by modulating c-Myc stability and represents a new target for treatment and chemosensitization in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuxuan Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihao Liu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Xu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongqing Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Hong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Tak S, Han G, Leem SH, Lee SY, Paek K, Kim JA. Prediction of anticancer drug resistance using a 3D microfluidic bladder cancer model combined with convolutional neural network-based image analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1302983. [PMID: 38268938 PMCID: PMC10806080 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1302983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common urological malignancy worldwide, and its high recurrence rate leads to poor survival outcomes. The effect of anticancer drug treatment varies significantly depending on individual patients and the extent of drug resistance. In this study, we developed a validation system based on an organ-on-a-chip integrated with artificial intelligence technologies to predict resistance to anticancer drugs in bladder cancer. As a proof-of-concept, we utilized the gemcitabine-resistant bladder cancer cell line T24 with four distinct levels of drug resistance (parental, early, intermediate, and late). These cells were co-cultured with endothelial cells in a 3D microfluidic chip. A dataset comprising 2,674 cell images from the chips was analyzed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to distinguish the extent of drug resistance among the four cell groups. The CNN achieved 95.2% accuracy upon employing data augmentation and a step decay learning rate with an initial value of 0.001. The average diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 90.5% and 96.8%, respectively, and all area under the curve (AUC) values were over 0.988. Our proposed method demonstrated excellent performance in accurately identifying the extent of drug resistance, which can assist in the prediction of drug responses and in determining the appropriate treatment for bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Tak
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongjin Han
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeop Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyurim Paek
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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15
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Ogunleye A, Piyawajanusorn C, Ghislat G, Ballester PJ. Large-Scale Machine Learning Analysis Reveals DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Response Signatures for Gemcitabine-Treated Pancreatic Cancer. HEALTH DATA SCIENCE 2024; 4:0108. [PMID: 38486621 PMCID: PMC10904073 DOI: 10.34133/hds.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Background: Gemcitabine is a first-line chemotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), but many PAAD patients do not respond to gemcitabine-containing treatments. Being able to predict such nonresponders would hence permit the undelayed administration of more promising treatments while sparing gemcitabine life-threatening side effects for those patients. Unfortunately, the few predictors of PAAD patient response to this drug are weak, none of them exploiting yet the power of machine learning (ML). Methods: Here, we applied ML to predict the response of PAAD patients to gemcitabine from the molecular profiles of their tumors. More concretely, we collected diverse molecular profiles of PAAD patient tumors along with the corresponding clinical data (gemcitabine responses and clinical features) from the Genomic Data Commons resource. From systematically combining 8 tumor profiles with 16 classification algorithms, each of the resulting 128 ML models was evaluated by multiple 10-fold cross-validations. Results: Only 7 of these 128 models were predictive, which underlines the importance of carrying out such a large-scale analysis to avoid missing the most predictive models. These were here random forest using 4 selected mRNAs [0.44 Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), 0.785 receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve (ROC-AUC)] and XGBoost combining 12 DNA methylation probes (0.32 MCC, 0.697 ROC-AUC). By contrast, the hENT1 marker obtained much worse random-level performance (practically 0 MCC, 0.5 ROC-AUC). Despite not being trained to predict prognosis (overall and progression-free survival), these ML models were also able to anticipate this patient outcome. Conclusions: We release these promising ML models so that they can be evaluated prospectively on other gemcitabine-treated PAAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeolu Ogunleye
- Department of Organismal Biology,
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Ghita Ghislat
- Department of Life Sciences,
Imperial College London, London, UK
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16
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Zheng X, Song X, Zhu G, Pan D, Li H, Hu J, Xiao K, Gong Q, Gu Z, Luo K, Li W. Nanomedicine Combats Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308977. [PMID: 37968865 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most prevalent cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy are currently available as treatment methods. However, drug resistance is a significant factor in the failure of lung cancer treatments. Novel therapeutics have been exploited to address complicated resistance mechanisms of lung cancer and the advancement of nanomedicine is extremely promising in terms of overcoming drug resistance. Nanomedicine equipped with multifunctional and tunable physiochemical properties in alignment with tumor genetic profiles can achieve precise, safe, and effective treatment while minimizing or eradicating drug resistance in cancer. Here, this work reviews the discovered resistance mechanisms for lung cancer chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, and outlines novel strategies for the development of nanomedicine against drug resistance. This work focuses on engineering design, customized delivery, current challenges, and clinical translation of nanomedicine in the application of resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaohai Song
- Department of General Surgery, Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dayi Pan
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiankun Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Radiology, Department of Respiratory, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Precision Medicine Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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17
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Chen M, Liu X, Lu J, Teng H, Yu C, Liu Y, Zheng Y. Dysregulation of the circ_0087502/miR-1179/TGFBR2 pathway supports gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2258566. [PMID: 37844011 PMCID: PMC10580792 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2258566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a cohort of non-coding RNAs generated by back-splicing events. Accumulating evidence supports the crucial role of circRNAs in human tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance. However, the role and mechanism of circRNA circ_0087502 in pancreatic cancer are yet unknown. METHODS The expression and function of circ_0087502 in pancreatic cancer were investigated using qRT-PCR and cell experiments. The predicted binding between circ_0087502 and microRNA-1179 (miR-1179), and between miR-1179 and TGFBR2, were examined using reporter assays. RESULTS Pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines were discovered to express circ_0087502 at higher levels. Patients with pancreatic cancer who express circ_0087502 at high levels have a worse prognosis. In addition, circ_0087502 knockdown reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and made them more sensitive to gemcitabine treatment. We found that circ_0087502 worked as a sponge for miR-1179, allowing miR-1179 to bind to the critical oncogene TGFBR2 in its 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Pancreatic cancer cells were highly resistant to gemcitabine and had increased proliferation, migration, and invasion when miR-1179 was inhibited or overexpressed. CONCLUSION These results confirm that circ_0087502 activates the miR-1179/TGFBR2 axis to promote gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Thus, our data might lay the groundwork for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting circ_0087502 in pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliu Chen
- Department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinxiu Liu
- Department of ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Lu
- Department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haiwen Teng
- Department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengui Yu
- Department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yansong Zheng
- Department of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Na YJ, Lee HK, Choi KC. Amurensin G Sensitized Cholangiocarcinoma to the Anti-Cancer Effect of Gemcitabine via the Downregulation of Cancer Stem-like Properties. Nutrients 2023; 16:73. [PMID: 38201903 PMCID: PMC10780614 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant biliary tract tumor with a high mortality rate and refractoriness to chemotherapy. Gemcitabine is an anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agent used for CCA, but the efficacy of gemcitabine in CCA treatment is limited, due to the acquisition of chemoresistance. The present study evaluated the chemosensitizing effects of Amurensin G (AMG), a natural sirtuin-1 inhibitor derived from Vitis amurensis, in the SNU-478 CCA cells. Treatment with AMG decreased the SNU-478 cell viability and the colony formation ability. Annexin V/ Propidium iodide staining showed that the AMG increased apoptotic death. In addition, AMG downregulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, while upregulating pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-3 expression. Treatment with AMG decreased the migratory ability of the cells in a wound healing assay and transwell migration assay. It was observed that AMG decreased the gemcitabine-induced increase in CD44highCD24highCD133high cell populations, and the expression of the Sox-2 protein was decreased by AMG treatment. Co-treatment of AMG with gemcitabine significantly enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species, as observed through mitochondrial superoxide staining, which might be associated with the downregulation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway by AMG. These results indicate that AMG enhances the chemotherapeutic ability of gemcitabine by downregulating cancer stem-like properties in CCA cells. Hence, a combination therapy of AMG with gemcitabine may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.N.); (H.K.L.)
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19
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Ingle K, LaComb JF, Graves LM, Baines AT, Bialkowska AB. AUM302, a novel triple kinase PIM/PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, is a potent in vitro pancreatic cancer growth inhibitor. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294065. [PMID: 37943821 PMCID: PMC10635512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths, with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) being the most common subtype. Advanced stage diagnosis of PDAC is common, causing limited treatment opportunities. Gemcitabine is a frequently used chemotherapeutic agent which can be used as a monotherapy or in combination. However, tumors often develop resistance to gemcitabine. Previous studies show that the proto-oncogene PIM kinases (PIM1 and PIM3) are upregulated in PDAC compared to matched normal tissue and are related to chemoresistance and PDAC cell growth. The PIM kinases are also involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to promote cell survival. In this study, we evaluate the effect of the novel multikinase PIM/PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, AUM302, and commercially available PIM inhibitor, TP-3654. Using five human PDAC cell lines, we found AUM302 to be a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation, cell viability, cell cycle progression, and phosphoprotein expression, while TP-3654 was less effective. Significantly, AUM302 had a strong impact on the viability of gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that AUM302 exhibits antitumor activity in human PDAC cells and thus has the potential to be an effective drug for PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komala Ingle
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Joseph F. LaComb
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Lee M. Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Antonio T. Baines
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, College of Health & Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Agnieszka B. Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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20
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Kim MJ, Kim HS, Kang HW, Lee DE, Hong WC, Kim JH, Kim M, Cheong JH, Kim HJ, Park JS. SLC38A5 Modulates Ferroptosis to Overcome Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2509. [PMID: 37887353 PMCID: PMC10605569 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by a poor prognosis, with its five-year survival rate lower than that of any other cancer type. Gemcitabine, a standard treatment for pancreatic cancer, often has poor outcomes for patients as a result of chemoresistance. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets must be identified to overcome gemcitabine resistance. Here, we found that SLC38A5, a glutamine transporter, is more highly overexpressed in gemcitabine-resistant patients than in gemcitabine-sensitive patients. Furthermore, the deletion of SLC38A5 decreased the proliferation and migration of gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells. We also found that the inhibition of SLC38A5 triggered the ferroptosis signaling pathway via RNA sequencing. Also, silencing SLC38A5 induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced glutamine uptake and glutathione (GSH) levels, and downregulated the expressions of GSH-related genes NRF2 and GPX4. The blockade of glutamine uptake negatively modulated the mTOR-SREBP1-SCD1 signaling pathway. Therefore, suppression of SLC38A5 triggers ferroptosis via two pathways that regulate lipid ROS levels. Similarly, we observed that knockdown of SLC38A5 restored gemcitabine sensitivity by hindering tumor growth and metastasis in the orthotopic mouse model. Altogether, our results demonstrate that SLC38A5 could be a novel target to overcome gemcitabine resistance in PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyung Sun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Hyeon Woong Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Woosol Chris Hong
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Joon Seong Park
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.S.K.); (H.W.K.); (D.E.L.); (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (M.K.)
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21
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Wang K, Hua X, Fu X, Hao Z, Jiao A, Li S. Petite Integration Factor 1 knockdown enhances gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells via increasing DNA damage. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1522-1532. [PMID: 37183367 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is still a vital obstacle in various tumors chemotherapy. This study aimed to explore the role of Petite Integration Factor 1 (PIF1) in the sensitivity of gemcitabine response to pancreatic cancer cells. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database was employed for evaluating the level of PIF1 in pancreatic cancer tissues and normal tissues. The mRNA level of PIF1 was detected via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. The relative protein expression of PIF1, cleaved caspase-3, and phosphorylated histone H2Ax (γH2Ax) was assessed through western blot. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Moreover, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and caspase-3 activity were determined via the corresponding LDH Cytotoxicity Assay Kit and caspase-3 colorimetric assay kit. PIF1 expression was upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of PIF1 exhibited the repressive impact on the viability of AsPC-1 and PANC-1 cells. PIF1 knockdown enhanced LDH release and apoptosis in both AsPC-1 and PANC-1 cells. PIF1 downregulation could augment the sensitivity of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells, as evidenced by lower cell viability and higher LDH release and apoptosis rate after knocking down PIF1 in gemcitabine-treated pancreatic cancer cells relative to pancreatic cancer cells treated with gemcitabine alone. Moreover, PIF1 knockdown increased γH2Ax protein expression and DNA damage, and gemcitabine treatment-induced DNA damage in AsPC-1 and PANC-1 cells was exacerbated by PIF1 silencing. Furthermore, gemcitabine treatment-caused increase of DNA damage was alleviated by PIF1 overexpression; whereas, this effect of PIF1 upregulation was reversed by thymidine, a DNA synthesis inhibitor. In addition, the decreased gemcitabine sensitivity response to pancreatic cancer cells caused by PIF1 upregulation was also hindered by thymidine treatment. In conclusion, PIF1 silencing enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity response to pancreatic cancer cells through aggrandizing DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangdong Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xibo Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ao Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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22
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Chiu CH, Ramesh S, Liao PH, Kuo WW, Chen MC, Kuo CH, Li CC, Wang TF, Lin YM, Lin YJ, Huang CY. Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 by JNK confers gemcitabine resistance in lung cancer cells by reducing autophagy-mediated cell death. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2121-2131. [PMID: 37219008 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The most common cancer-related death in the world is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gemcitabine (GEM) is a common and effective first-line chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of NSCLC. However, the long-term use of chemotherapeutic drugs in patients usually induces cancer cell drug resistance, leading to poor survival, and prognosis. In this study, to observe and explore the key targets and potential mechanisms of NSCLC resistance to GEM, we first cultured lung cancer CL1-0 cells in a GEM-containing medium to induce CL1-0 cells to develop GEM resistance. Next, we compared protein expression between the parental and GEM-R CL1-0 cell groups. We observed significantly lower expression of autophagy-related proteins in GEM-R CL1-0 cells than in parental CL1-0 cells, indicating that autophagy is associated with GEM resistance in CL1-0 cells. Furthermore, a series of autophagy experiments revealed that GEM-R CL1-0 cells had significantly reduced GEM-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation, which further affected the phosphorylation of Bcl-2, thereby reducing the dissociation of Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 and ultimately reducing the generation of GEM-induced autophagy-dependent cell death. Our findings suggest that altering the expression of autophagy is a promising therapeutic option for drug-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Samiraj Ramesh
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Research and Innovation, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Po-Hsiang Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Li
- Center of Stem Cell & Precision Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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23
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Samant C, Kale R, Bokare A, Verma M, Pai KSR, Bhonde M. PAK4 inhibition significantly potentiates Gemcitabine activity in PDAC cells via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin, p-ERK/MAPK and p-AKT/PI3K pathways. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101544. [PMID: 37720313 PMCID: PMC10500449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most difficult to treat cancers. Gemcitabine is still the standard of care treatment for PDAC but with modest survival benefit and well reported resistance. Here we explored potential of inhibiting p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4), a downstream protein of KRAS oncogenic pathway, in combination with Gemcitabine in PDAC cells. PAK4 inhibition by KPT-9274 led to significant potentiation of Gemcitabine activity in PDAC cells, with an increase in apoptosis, DNA damage and cell cycle arrest. At molecular level, PAK4 inhibition dose dependently inhibited Gemcitabine-induced β-catenin, c-JUN and Ribonucleotide Reductase subunit 2 (RRM2) levels. PAK4 inhibition further inhibited levels of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK); Gemcitabine-induced phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), phosphorylated and total c-Myc. These results suggest possible role of β-catenin, p-ERK and p-AKT, key effector proteins of Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK and PI3K pathways respectively, in sensitisation of Gemcitabine activity with PAK4 inhibition. Our data unravel probable molecular mechanisms behind combination of PAK4 inhibition with Gemcitabine to counter PDAC, which may be unequivocally proved further with knock down of PAK4. Our findings provide a strong rationale to exploit the combination therapy of Gemcitabine and PAK4 inhibitor for PDAC at pre-clinical and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charudatt Samant
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramesh Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anand Bokare
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahip Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - K. Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Mandar Bhonde
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited, Survey No. 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
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24
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Hruba L, Das V, Hajduch M, Dzubak P. Nucleoside-based anticancer drugs: Mechanism of action and drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115741. [PMID: 37567317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside-based drugs, recognized as purine or pyrimidine analogs, have been potent therapeutic agents since their introduction in 1950, deployed widely in the treatment of diverse diseases such as cancers, myelodysplastic syndromes, multiple sclerosis, and viral infections. These antimetabolites establish complex interactions with cellular molecular constituents, primarily via activation of phosphorylation cascades leading to consequential interactions with nucleic acids. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these agents is frequently compromised by the development of drug resistance, a continually emerging challenge in their clinical application. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of resistance to nucleoside-based drugs, encompassing a wide spectrum of phenomena from alterations in membrane transporters and activating kinases to changes in drug elimination strategies and DNA damage repair mechanisms. The critical analysis in this review underlines complex interactions of drug and cell and also guides towards novel therapeutic strategies to counteract resistance. The development of targeted therapies, novel nucleoside analogs, and synergistic drug combinations are promising approaches to restore tumor sensitivity and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Hruba
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viswanath Das
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dzubak
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
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25
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Ebrahimi A, Bakhshaei Shahrebabaki P, Fouladi H, Mansoori Derakhshan S. The impact of microRNAs on the resistance of breast cancer subtypes to chemotherapy. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154702. [PMID: 37562283 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) formation is primarily influenced by genetics, epigenetics and environmental factors. Aberrant Genetics and epigenetics leads to a condition known as heterogeneity. The heterogeneity of BC can be divided into several subtypes. Among the epigenetic factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a crucial role in the development and progression of malignancies. These small non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression through a variety of mechanisms, resulting in either mRNA degradation or translation repression. As miRNAs directly control many proteins, genetic anomalies affect tumor metastasis, apoptosis, proliferation, and cell transportation. Consequently, miRNA dysregulations contribute not only in cancer development but also in invasiveness, proliferation rate and more importantly, drug response. Findings mostly indicate subtype-specified identical miRNA profile in BC. Among the BC subtypes, TNBC, HER2 + and luminal are the most resistant to therapy, respectively. Therapy resistance is greatly associated with miRNA expression profile. Hence, concentration of miRNA is the first marker of its role in chemotherapy response. Overexpressed miRNAs may disrupt drug efflux transporters and decrease the drug accumulation in cell. While down-regulated miRNAs which mediate drug resistance processes are mostly correlated with poor treatment response. Moreover, other mechanisms in which miRNAs play crucial roles in chemoresistance such as cell receptor mediations, dysregulation by environmental factors, DNA defects, etc. Recently, several miRNA-based treatments have shown promising results in cancer treatment. Inhibition of up-regulated miRNAs is one of these therapeutic approaches whilst transfecting cell with down-regulated miRNAs also show promising results. Moreover, drug-resistance could also be determined while in the pre-treatment phase via expression levels of miRNAs. Therefore, miRNAs provide intriguing insights and challenges in overcoming chemoresistance. In this article, we have discussed how miRNAs regulate breast cancer subtypes-specific chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Peyman Bakhshaei Shahrebabaki
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Fouladi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran.
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26
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Tan Y, Lin H, Cheng JX. Profiling single cancer cell metabolism via high-content SRS imaging with chemical sparsity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6061. [PMID: 37585522 PMCID: PMC10431717 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in a subpopulation of cancer cells is a hallmark of tumor chemoresistance. However, single-cell metabolic profiling is difficult because of the lack of a method that can simultaneously detect multiple metabolites at the single-cell level. In this study, through hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (hSRS) imaging in the carbon-hydrogen (C-H) window and sparsity-driven hyperspectral image decomposition, we demonstrate a high-content hSRS (h2SRS) imaging approach that enables the simultaneous mapping of five major biomolecules, including proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, cholesterol, and nucleic acids at the single-cell level. h2SRS imaging of brain and pancreatic cancer cells under chemotherapy revealed acute and adapted chemotherapy-induced metabolic reprogramming and the unique metabolic features of chemoresistance. Our approach is expected to facilitate the discovery of therapeutic targets to combat chemoresistance. This study illustrates a high-content, label-free chemical imaging approach that measures metabolic profiles at the single-cell level and warrants further research on cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Tan
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Haonan Lin
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
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27
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Kim SY, Jo MJ, Yoon MS, Jin CE, Shin YB, Lee JM, Shin HJ, Oh JG, Cho JM, Kim H, Park H, Choi YW, Park CW, Kim JS, Shin DH. Gemcitabine and rapamycin-loaded mixed polymeric thermogel for metastatic pancreatic cancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 360:796-809. [PMID: 37437850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death and has a poor 5-year overall survival. The superior therapeutic benefits of combination or co-administration of drugs as intraperitoneal chemotherapy have increased interest in developing strategies to deliver chemotherapeutic agents to patients safely. In this study, we prepared a gel comprising the thermosensitive poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) polymer and gemcitabine (GEM), which is currently used as the primary chemotherapy for PDAC and rapamycin (RAPA), a mammalian TOR (mTOR) inhibitor, to deliver the drug through intraperitoneal injection. We performed in vitro cytotoxicity experiments to verify the synergistic effects of the two drugs at different molar ratios and characterized the physicochemical properties of the GEM, RAPA, and GEM/RAPA-loaded thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA gels, hereafter referred to as (g(G), g(R), and g(GR)), respectively. The g(GR) comprising PLGA-PEG-PLGA polymer (25% w/v) and GEM and RAPA at a molar ratio of 11:1 showed synergism and was optimized. An in vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed by treating Panc-1-luc2 tumor spheroids with g(G), g(R), or g(GR). The g(GR) treatment group showed a 2.75-fold higher inhibition rate than the non-treated (NT) and vehicle-treated groups. Furthermore, in vivo drug release assay in mice by intraperitoneal injection of g(G), g(R), or g(GR) showed a more rapid release rate of GEM than RAPA, similar to the in vitro release pattern. The drugs in the gel were released faster in vivo than in vitro and degraded in 48 h. In addition, g(GR) showed the highest anti-tumor efficacy with no toxicity to mice. These results provide evidence for the safety and efficacy of g(GR) for intraperitoneal drug delivery. This study will assist in developing and clinically administering topical anti-cancer formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sup Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Been Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ji Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Gyo Oh
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Cho
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Kim
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Park
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Won Choi
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Woong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Kim
- Drug Information Research Institute (DIRI), College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Farooq F, Amin A, Wani UM, Lone A, Qadri RA. Shielding and nurturing: Fibronectin as a modulator of cancer drug resistance. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1651-1669. [PMID: 37269547 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies constitute a common hallmark of most cancers and represent a dominant factor fostering tumor relapse and metastasis. Fibronectin, an abundant extracellular matrix glycoprotein, has long been proposed to play an important role in the pathobiology of cancer. Recent research has unraveled the role of Fibronectin in the onset of chemoresistance against a variety of antineoplastic drugs including DNA-damaging agents, hormone receptor antagonists, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, microtubule destabilizing agents, etc. The current review summarizes the role played by Fibronectin in mediating drug resistance against diverse anticancer drugs. We have also discussed how the aberrant expression of Fibronectin drives the oncogenic signaling pathways ultimately leading to drug resistance through the inhibition of apoptosis, promotion of cancer cell growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Farooq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Asif Amin
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Umer Majeed Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Asif Lone
- Department of Biochemistry, Deshbandu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Raies A Qadri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Li CC, Lu CY, Hsu CH, Hsieh DJY, Wang TF, Ho TJ, Kuo WW, Day CH, Liao SC, Chen MC, Huang CY. Calycosin inhibits gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells proliferation through modulation of the LDOC1/GNL3L/NFκB. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:189-199. [PMID: 37635478 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant cancer worldwide. Combination therapies are urgently needed to increase patient survival. Calycosin is a phytoestrogen isoflavone that has been reported previously to inhibit tumor cell growth, although its effects on lung cancer remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calycosin on cell proliferation and apoptosis of gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells. Using calycosin to treat human lung cancer cells (CL1-0) and gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells (CL1-0 GEMR) and examine the effects on the cells. Cultured human lung cancer cells (CL1-0) and gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells (CL1-0 GEMR) were treated with increasing concentrations of calycosin. Cell viability and apoptosis were studied by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assays. Western blots were used to measure the expression levels of proliferation-related proteins and cancer stem cell proteins in CL1-0 GEMR cells. The results showed that calycosin treatment inhibited cell proliferation, decreased cell migration ability, and suppressed cancer stem cell properties in CL1-0 GEMR cells. Interestingly, in CL1-0 GEMR cells, calycosin treatment not only increased LDOC1 but also decreased GNL3L/NFκB protein levels and mRNA levels, in concentration-dependent manners. We speculate that calycosin inhibited cell proliferation of the gemcitabine-resistant cell line through regulating the LDOC1/GNL3L/NFκB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Cheng Li
- Center of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-You Lu
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital; Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; School of Post-Baccalaure Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology; Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Shih-Chieh Liao
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Gordon ER, Wright CA, James M, Cooper SJ. Transcriptomic and functional analysis of ANGPTL4 overexpression in pancreatic cancer nominates targets that reverse chemoresistance. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:524. [PMID: 37291514 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers based on five-year survival rates. Genes contributing to chemoresistance represent novel therapeutic targets that can improve treatment response. Increased expression of ANGPTL4 in tumors correlates with poor outcomes in pancreatic cancer. METHODS We used statistical analysis of publicly available gene expression data (TCGA-PAAD) to test whether expression of ANGPTL4 and its downstream targets, ITGB4 and APOL1, were correlated with patient survival. We measured the impact of ANGPTL4 overexpression in a common pancreatic cancer cell line, MIA PaCa-2 cells, using CRISPRa for overexpression and DsiRNA for knockdown. We characterized global gene expression changes associated with high levels of ANGPTL4 and response to gemcitabine treatment using RNA-sequencing. Gemcitabine dose response curves were calculated on modified cell lines by measuring cell viability with CellTiter-Glo (Promega). Impacts on cell migration were measured using a time course scratch assay. RESULTS We show that ANGPTL4 overexpression leads to in vitro resistance to gemcitabine and reduced survival times in patients. Overexpression of ANGPTL4 induces transcriptional signatures of tumor invasion and metastasis, proliferation and differentiation, and inhibition of apoptosis. Analyses revealed an overlapping signature of genes associated with both ANGPTL4 activation and gemcitabine response. Increased expression of the genes in this signature in patient PDAC tissues was significantly associated with shorter patient survival. We identified 42 genes that were both co-regulated with ANGPTL4 and were responsive to gemcitabine treatment. ITGB4 and APOL1 were among these genes. Knockdown of either of these genes in cell lines overexpressing ANGPTL4 reversed the observed gemcitabine resistance and inhibited cellular migration associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ANGPTL4 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that ANGPTL4 promotes EMT and regulates the genes APOL1 and ITGB4. Importantly, we show that inhibition of both targets reverses chemoresistance and decreases migratory potential. Our findings have revealed a novel pathway regulating tumor response to treatment and suggest relevant therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Gordon
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Carter A Wright
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
- The University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, 35899, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Mikayla James
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Sara J Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA.
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Thapa Magar TB, Lee J, Lee JH, Jeon J, Gurung P, Lim J, Kim YW. Novel Chlorin e6-Curcumin Derivatives as a Potential Photosensitizer: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1577. [PMID: 37376026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel series of chlorin e6-curcumin derivatives were designed and synthesized. All the synthesized compounds 16, 17, 18, and 19 were tested for their photodynamic treatment (PDT) efficacy against human pancreatic cancer cell lines: AsPC-1, MIA-PaCa-2, and PANC-1. The cellular uptake study was performed in the aforementioned cell lines using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). 17, among the synthesized compounds with IC50 values of 0.27, 0.42, and 0.21 µM against AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and PANC-1 cell lines, respectively, demonstrated excellent cellular internalization capability and exhibited higher phototoxicity relative to the parent Ce6. The quantitative analyses using Annexin V-PI staining revealed that the 17-PDT-induced apoptosis was dose-dependent. In pancreatic cell lines, 17 reduced the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, and increased the pro-apoptotic protein, cytochrome C, which indicates the activation of intrinsic apoptosis, the primary cause of cancer cell death. Structure-activity relationship studies have shown that the incorporation of additional methyl ester moiety and conjugation to the enone moiety of curcumin enhances cellular uptake and PDT efficacy. Moreover, in vivo PDT testing in melanoma mouse models revealed that 17-PDT greatly reduced tumor growth. Therefore, 17 might be an effective photosensitizer for PDT anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jusuk Lee
- A&J Science Co., Ltd., Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Jeon
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Pallavi Gurung
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmo Lim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Wan Kim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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Nandi SK, Chatterjee N, Roychowdhury T, Pradhan A, Moiz S, Manna K, Sarkar DK, Dhar P, Dutta A, Mukhopadhyay S, Bhattacharya R. Kaempferol with Verapamil impeded panoramic chemoevasion pathways in breast cancer through ROS overproduction and disruption of lysosomal biogenesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154689. [PMID: 36921428 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) at low level promotes cell survival through lysosome induced autophagy induction. Glucose stress induced acidosis, hypoxia, ROS, upregulates markers related to cancer stemness and multidrug resistance. Also, lysosomal upregulation is proposed to be one of the important indicators of cell survival under ROS induced stress. Studies supported that, stimulation of Lysosome-TFEB-Ca2+ cascade has important role in induction of chemoresistance and survival of cancerous cells. PURPOSE To observe the effect of synergistic drug combination, Kaempferol and Verapamil on markers regulating chemoevasion, tumor stemness & acidosis as well as lysosome upregulation pathways, under low as well as high glucose conditions. HYPOTHESIS Based on our earlier observation as well as previous reports, we hypothesized, our drug combination Kaempferol with Verapamil could attenuate markers related to chemoevasion, tumor stemness & acidosis as well as lysosome-TFEB-Ca2+ pathway, all of which have indispensable association and role in chemoresistance. METHODS RNA and protein expression of candidate genes, along with ROS production and Ca2+ concentrations were measured in ex vivo models in altered glucose conditions upon treatment with KV. Also, computational approaches were utilized to hypothesize the mechanism of action of the drug combination. PCR, IHC, western blotting and molecular docking approaches were used in this study. RESULTS The overproduction of ROS by our candidate drugs KV, downregulated the chemoresistance and tumor acidosis markers along with ATP1B1 and resulted in lysosomal disruption with reduction of Ca2+ release, diminishing TFEB expression under low glucose condition. An anomalous outcome was observed in high glucose conditions. We also observed KV promoted the overproduction of ROS levels thereby inducing autophagy-mediated cell death through the upregulation of LC3-II and p62 in low glucose conditions. The ex vivo studies also corroborate with in silico study that exhibited the parallel outcome. CONCLUSION Our ex-vivo and in-silico studies revealed that our candidate drug combination KV, could effectively target several pathways regulating chemoresistance, that were not hitherto studied in the same experimental setup and thus may be endorsed for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Nandi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata-700094, India
| | - Niloy Chatterjee
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD 2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 098, West Bengal, India
| | - Tanaya Roychowdhury
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Ayan Pradhan
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Post graduate Medical Education &Research and SSKM Hospital, 244B AJC Bose Road Kolkata-700020, India
| | - Sumaiya Moiz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata-700094, India
| | - Krishnendu Manna
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Diptendra Kumar Sarkar
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Post graduate Medical Education &Research and SSKM Hospital, 244B AJC Bose Road Kolkata-700020, India
| | - Pubali Dhar
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road. Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India
| | - Amitava Dutta
- Department of Pathology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata-700094
| | - Soma Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata-700094, India
| | - Rittwika Bhattacharya
- Department of Molecular Biology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, 3081 Nayabad, Kolkata-700094, India.
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Abuhijjleh RK, Al Saeedy DY, Ashmawy NS, Gouda AE, Elhady SS, Al-Abd AM. Chemomodulatory Effect of the Marine-Derived Metabolite "Terrein" on the Anticancer Properties of Gemcitabine in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050271. [PMID: 37233465 DOI: 10.3390/md21050271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terrein (Terr) is a bioactive marine secondary metabolite that possesses antiproliferative/cytotoxic properties by interrupting various molecular pathways. Gemcitabine (GCB) is an anticancer drug used to treat several types of tumors such as colorectal cancer; however, it suffers from tumor cell resistance, and therefore, treatment failure. METHODS The potential anticancer properties of terrein, its antiproliferative effects, and its chemomodulatory effects on GCB were assessed against various colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HT-29, and SW620) under normoxic and hypoxic (pO2 ≤ 1%) conditions. Further analysis via flow cytometry was carried out in addition to quantitative gene expression and 1HNMR metabolomic analysis. RESULTS In normoxia, the effect of the combination treatment (GCB + Terr) was synergistic in HCT-116 and SW620 cell lines. In HT-29, the effect was antagonistic when the cells were treated with (GCB + Terr) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The combination treatment was found to induce apoptosis in HCT-116 and SW620. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the change in oxygen levels significantly affected extracellular amino acid metabolite profiling. CONCLUSIONS Terrein influenced GCB's anti-colorectal cancer properties which are reflected in different aspects such as cytotoxicity, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, autophagy, and intra-tumoral metabolism under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Khaled Abuhijjleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dalia Yousef Al Saeedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naglaa S Ashmawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11591, Egypt
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed E Gouda
- Life Science Unit, Biomedical Research Division, Nawah Scientific, Al-Mokkatam, Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - Sameh S Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Al-Abd
- Life Science Unit, Biomedical Research Division, Nawah Scientific, Al-Mokkatam, Cairo 11571, Egypt
- National Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology, Medical and Clinical Research Institute, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Xu C, Ye Q, Ye C, Liu S. circACTR2 attenuates gemcitabine chemoresiatance in pancreatic cancer through PTEN mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biol Direct 2023; 18:14. [PMID: 36991449 PMCID: PMC10061898 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, accumulating studies have unveiled that circRNAs exert critical function in a variety of tumor biological processes including chemoresistance. Our previous study has found circACTR2 is significantly down-regulated in acquired gemcitabine (GEM)- resistant pancreatic cancer (PC) cells, which has not been well-explored. Our study aimed to research the function and molecular mechanism of circACTR2 in PC chemoresistance. METHODS qRT-PCR and western blot analysis was performed to detect gene expression. The effect of circACTR2 on PC GEM resistance were examined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays. Whether circACTR2 could sponge miR-221-3p and regulate PTEN expression were determined by bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, and Dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS circACTR2 was notably down-regulated in a panel of GEM-resistant PC cells lines, and negatively associated with aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis of PC. circACTR2 downregulation contributed to GEM chemoresistance of PC cells with decreased S phase ratio of cell cycle and cell apoptosis, as confirmed by gain- and loss-of-function assays in vitro. In addition, circACTR2 overexpression retarded GEM resistance in vivo. Further, circACTR2 acted as a ceRNA against miR-221-3p, which directly targeted PTEN. The mechanistic studies revealed that loss of circACTR2 promoted GEM resistance in PC through activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by downregulating PTEN expression in a miR-221-3p dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS circACTR2 reversed the chemoresistance of PC cells to GEM through inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by sponging miR-221-3p and upregulating PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, P.R. China.
| | - Qinwen Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Yang L, Wang H, Guo M, He M, Zhang W, Zhan M, Liu Y. ELF3 promotes gemcitabine resistance through PKMYT1/CDK1 signaling pathway in gallbladder cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00799-5. [PMID: 36988891 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gemcitabine is the standard treatment for gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients, and the development of resistance frequently limits its efficacy. However, the molecular features and mechanisms of gemcitabine resistance (Gem-R) in GBC cells remain unknown. Herein, we aimed to explore the role of ELF3 in Gem-R of GBC, including the underlying mechanisms. METHODS RNA sequencing was used to screen the essential genes related to the generation of Gem-R in GBC tissues. The correlation between Gem-R and ELF3 expression was identified in GDSC, GEO database, GBC tissues, and 3 GBC cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were used to examine the expression of ELF3, PKMYT1, and CDK1. Luciferase reporter assays were used to identify the binding site of ELF3 in the PKMYT1 promoter region. CCK-8 assay and clonogenic survival assays were used to evaluate the sensitivity of gemcitabine in GBC cells. A GBC xenograft model was used to evaluate the influence of ELF3 on the therapeutic effect of gemcitabine. RESULTS A consistently positive correlation between ELF3 expression and Gem-R, both in newly generated GBC RNA-seq data and in the datasets from GDSC and GEO. Gem-R in GBC cells was facilitated by ELF3 overexpression, whereas ELF3 knockdown had the opposite effect. In vivo experiments further proved that reducing ELF3 expression promoted the gemcitabine sensitivity of GBC cells and extended the survival time of mice that received orthotopic xenografted tumors. Mechanistically, ELF3 upregulated PKMYT1 expression by interacting with the DNA binding region of PKMYT1 in GBC cells, thereby promoting the phosphorylation of CDK1 and inducing Gem-R. Treatment with a combination of the PKMYT1 shRNA and gemcitabine significantly reduced the growth of GBC cells induced by overexpression of ELF3 in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS ELF3/PKMYT1/CDK1 axis significantly regulates Gem-R to GBC cells and may represent a promising drug target for treating GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhua Yang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Miaomiao Guo
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Zhu Y, Ding K, Zhou M, Liu T. Co-delivery of gemcitabine and Triapine by calcium carbonate nanoparticles against chemoresistant pancreatic cancer. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122844. [PMID: 36925025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a malignant disease with high mortality, and its systemic treatment strategy mainly focuses on chemotherapy. Yet, the overall prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients is still extremely poor with a low survival rate. Gemcitabine (GEM) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, GEM chemoresistance remains the major challenge. In this study, we prepared calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO3 NPs) loaded with a nucleotide reductase inhibitor (Triapine) and GEM to suppress the GEM resistance of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1/GEM) and solve the problem of poor solubility of Triapine. CaCO3-GEM-Triapine NPs nano-formulations enhanced the therapeutic effect of GEM-based chemotherapy by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to GEM using both 2D PANC-1/GEM cells and 3D tumor spheroids. The study indicated that CaCO3 NPs loaded with GEM and Triapine could provide an effective treatment option to overcome drug resistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kai Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Tianqing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia.
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Bhatia A, Upadhyay AK, Sharma S. miRNAs are now starring in "No Time to Die: Overcoming the chemoresistance in cancer". IUBMB Life 2023; 75:238-256. [PMID: 35678612 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, with about 19.3 million new cases reported each year. Current therapies for cancer management include-chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. However, they are loaded with side effects and tend to cause toxicity in the patient's body posttreatment, ultimately hindering the response towards the treatment building up resistance. This is where noncoding RNAs such as miRNAs help provide us with a helping hand for taming the chemoresistance and providing potential holistic cancer management. MicroRNAs are promising targets for anticancer therapy as they perform critical regulatory roles in various signaling cascades related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Combining miRNAs and anticancer drugs and devising a combination therapy has managed cancer well in various independent studies. This review aims to provide insights into how miRNAs play a mechanistic role in cancer development and progression and regulate drug resistance in various types of cancers. Furthermore, next-generation novel therapies using miRNAs in combination with anticancer treatments in multiple cancers have been put forth and how they improve the efficacy of the treatments. Exemplary studies currently in the preclinical and clinical models have been summarized. Ultimately, we briefly talk through the challenges that come forward with it and minimize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Atul Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
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Temel HY, Kaymak Ö, Kaplan S, Bahcivanci B, Gkoutos GV, Acharjee A. Role of microbiota and microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in PDAC. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5661-5675. [PMID: 36205023 PMCID: PMC10028056 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive lethal diseases among other cancer types. Gut microbiome and its metabolic regulation play a crucial role in PDAC. Metabolic regulation in the gut is a complex process that involves microbiome and microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs regulate inflammation, as well as lipid and glucose metabolism, through different pathways. This review aims to summarize recent developments in PDAC in the context of gut and oral microbiota and their associations with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). In addition to this, we discuss possible therapeutic applications using microbiota in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Yılmaz Temel
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of EngineeringEge UniversityIzmirTurkey
| | - Öznur Kaymak
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of EngineeringEge UniversityIzmirTurkey
| | - Seren Kaplan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of EngineeringEge UniversityIzmirTurkey
| | - Basak Bahcivanci
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Georgios V. Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction, Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirminghamUK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK)BirminghamUK
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction, Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirminghamUK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK)BirminghamUK
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Gordon ER, Wright CA, James M, Cooper SJ. Transcriptomic and functional analysis of ANGPTL4 overexpression in pancreatic cancer nominates targets that reverse chemoresistance. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2444404. [PMID: 36747689 PMCID: PMC9900996 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2444404/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers based on five-year survival rates. Genes contributing to chemoresistance represent novel therapeutic targets that can improve treatment response. Increased expression of ANGPTL4 in tumors correlates with poor outcomes in pancreatic cancer. Methods We used statistical analysis of publicly available gene expression data (TCGA-PAAD) to test whether expression of ANGPTL4 and its downstream targets, ITGB 4 and APOL1 , were correlated with patient survival. We measured the impact of ANGPTL4 overexpression in a common pancreatic cancer cell line, MIA PaCa-2 cells, using CRISPRa for overexpression and DsiRNA for knockdown. We characterized global gene expression changes associated with high levels of ANGPTL4 and response to gemcitabine treatment using RNA-sequencing. Gemcitabine dose response curves were calculated on modified cell lines by measuring cell viability with CellTiter-Glo (Promega). Impacts on cell migration were measured using a time course scratch assay. Results We show that ANGPTL4 overexpression leads to in vitro resistance to gemcitabine and reduced survival times in patients. Overexpression of ANGPTL4 induces transcriptional signatures of tumor invasion and metastasis, proliferation and differentiation, and inhibition of apoptosis. Analyses revealed an overlapping signature of genes associated with both ANGPTL4 activation and gemcitabine response. Increased expression of the genes in this signature in patient PDAC tissues was significantly associated with shorter patient survival. We identified 42 genes that were both co-regulated with ANGPTL4 and were responsive to gemcitabine treatment. ITGB4 and APOL1 were among these genes. Knockdown of either of these genes in cell lines overexpressing ANGPTL4 reversed the observed gemcitabine resistance and inhibited cellular migration associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ANGPTL4 overexpression. Conclusions These data suggest that ANGPTL4 promotes EMT and regulates the genes APOL1 and ITGB4 . Importantly, we show that inhibition of both targets reverses chemoresistance and decreases migratory potential. Our findings have revealed a novel pathway regulating tumor response to treatment and suggest relevant therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer.
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Kumar S, Singh SK, Srivastava P, Suresh S, Rana B, Rana A. Interplay between MAP kinases and tumor microenvironment: Opportunity for immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2023. [PMID: 37268394 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), commonly called pancreatic cancer, is aggressive cancer usually detected at a late stage, limiting treatment options with modest clinical responses. It is projected that by 2030, PDAC will be the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Drug resistance in PDAC is common and significantly affects patients' overall survival (OS). Oncogenic KRAS mutations are nearly uniform in PDAC, affecting over 90% of patients. However, effective drugs directed to target prevalent KRAS mutants in pancreatic cancer are not in clinical practice. Accordingly, efforts are continued on identifying alternative druggable target(s) or approaches to improve patient outcomes with PDAC. In most PDAC cases, the KRAS mutations turn-on the RAF-MEK-MAPK pathways, leading to pancreatic tumorigenesis. The MAPK signaling cascade (MAP4K→MAP3K→MAP2K→MAPK) plays a central role in the pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment (TME) and chemotherapy resistance. The immunosuppressive pancreatic cancer TME is another unfavorable factor affecting the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs), including CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2, are critical players in T cell dysfunction and pancreatic tumor cell growth. Here, we review the activation of MAPKs, a molecular trait of KRAS mutations and their impact on pancreatic cancer TME, chemoresistance, and expression of ICPs that could influence the clinical outcomes in PDAC patients. Therefore, understanding the interplay between MAPK pathways and TME could help to design rational therapy combining immunotherapy and MAPK inhibitors for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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The Senescence-Related Signature Predicts Prognosis and Characterization of Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration in Pancreatic Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1916787. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1916787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background. Senescence is thought to be an imperative effect on the development of cancer. However, few studies pay an attention to the senescence-associated genes in pancreatic cancer (PC). The prognostic value of senescence-related genes (SRGs) and their involvement in tumor microenvironment (TME) in the PC remain obscure. The aim of this research was to investigate the prognostic role of senescence-associated genes and their affection in TME in PC. Methods. The transcriptome and clinical information of PC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Two SRG-mediated molecular clusters were comprehensively identified. In total, data from the 285 PC patients were randomly used to develop a senescence-associated gene signature in the training set and verified in the validation set. Immune microenvironment analysis pertained to senescence-related genes was performed. Results. A SRG_score including five senescence-associated genes was established to separate PC patients into two risk groups. High-risk patients had worse overall survival than low-risk patients. The result of the multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the risk score and stage as independent prognostic factors for PC patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis confirmed the credible predictive ability of the nomogram. The area under time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) reached 0.746 at 1 year, 0.781 at 3 years, and 0.868 at 5 years in the training set and 0.653 at 1 year, 0.755 at 3 years, and 0.785 at 5 years in the validation set. Moreover, the SRG_score was associated with TME, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity. Conclusions. This study found that the novel SRG_score could be an independent prognostic target for PC patients. Senescence-associated genes had a vital impact on the immune microenvironment and the treatment of PC patients.
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Eljack S, David S, Faggad A, Chourpa I, Allard-Vannier E. Nanoparticles design considerations to co-deliver nucleic acids and anti-cancer drugs for chemoresistance reversal. Int J Pharm X 2022; 4:100126. [PMID: 36147518 PMCID: PMC9486027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2022.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance and hence the consequent treatment failure is considerably challenging in clinical cancer therapeutics. The understanding of the genetic variations in chemoresistance acquisition encouraged the use of gene modulatory approaches to restore anti-cancer drug efficacy. Many smart nanoparticles are designed and optimized to mediate combinational therapy between nucleic acid and anti-cancer drugs. This review aims to define a rational design of such co-loaded nanocarriers with the aim of chemoresistance reversal at various cellular levels to improve the therapeutic outcome of anticancer treatment. Going through the principles of therapeutics loading, physicochemical characteristics tuning, and different nanocarrier modifications, also looking at combination effectiveness on chemosensitivity restoration. Up to now, these emerging nanocarriers are in development status but are expected to introduce outstanding outcomes.
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43
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Mun JY, Baek SW, Jeong MS, Jang IH, Lee SR, You JY, Kim JA, Yang GE, Choi YH, Kim TN, Chu IS, Leem SH. Stepwise molecular mechanisms responsible for chemoresistance in bladder cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:450. [DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChemotherapy resistance is an obstacle to cancer therapy and is considered a major cause of recurrence. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of chemoresistance is critical to improving the prognosis of patients. Here, we have established a stepwise gemcitabine-resistant T24 bladder cancer cell line to understand the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance within cancer cells. The characteristics of the stepwise chemoresistance cell line were divided into 4 phases (parental, early, intermediate, and late phases). These four phase cells showed increasingly aggressive phenotypes in vitro and in vivo experiments with increasing phases and revealed the molecular properties of the biological process from parent cells to phased gemcitabine-resistant cell line (GRC). Taken together, through the analysis of gene expression profile data, we have characterized gene set of each phase indicating the response to anticancer drug treatment. Specifically, we identified a multigene signature (23 genes including GATA3, APOBEC3G, NT5E, MYC, STC1, FOXD1, SMAD9) and developed a chemoresistance score consisting of that could predict eventual responsiveness to gemcitabine treatment. Our data will contribute to predicting chemoresistance and improving the prognosis of bladder cancer patients.
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Okuno K, Xu C, Pascual-Sabater S, Tokunaga M, Han H, Fillat C, Kinugasa Y, Goel A. Berberine Overcomes Gemcitabine-Associated Chemoresistance through Regulation of Rap1/PI3K-Akt Signaling in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1199. [PMID: 36297310 PMCID: PMC9611392 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine (Gem)-based chemotherapy is one of the first-line treatments for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, its clinical effect is limited due to development of chemoresistance. Various naturally occurring compounds, including Berberine (BBR), provide an anti-cancer efficacy with time-tested safety, individually and in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. Accordingly, we hypothesized that BBR might enhance the chemosensitivity to Gem in PDAC. In this study, cell culture studies using MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 cells, followed by analysis in patient-derived organoids were performed to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of BBR in PDAC. Considering that cancer is a significant manifestation of increased chronic inflammatory stress, systems biology approaches are prudent for the identification of molecular pathways and networks responsible for phytochemical-induced anti-cancer activity, we used these approaches for BBR-mediated chemosensitization to Gem. Firstly, Gem-resistant (Gem-R) PDAC cells were established, and the combination of BBR and Gem revealed superior anti-cancer efficacy in Gem-R cells. Furthermore, the combination treatment induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Gem-R PDAC cells. Transcriptomic profiling investigated the Rap1 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as a key regulator of Gem-resistance and was a key mediator for BBR-mediated chemosensitization in PDAC cells. All cell culture-based findings were successfully validated in patient-derived organoids. In conclusion, we demonstrate that BBR-mediated reversal of chemoresistance to Gem manifests through Rap1/PI3K-Akt signaling in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okuno
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Caiming Xu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116004, China
| | - Silvia Pascual-Sabater
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Masanori Tokunaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Haiyong Han
- Molecular Medicine Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yusuke Kinugasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Tunki L, Ganthala PD, Kulhari DP, Andugulapati SB, Kulhari H, Sistla R, Bhargava SK. Ameliorating the antitumor activity of gemcitabine against breast tumor using α vβ 3 integrin-targeting lipid nanoparticles. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:384-396. [PMID: 36047536 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2120492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective is to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles conjugated with cyclic RGDfk peptide encapsulated with gemcitabine hydrochloride drug for targeting breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE The hydrophilic nature of gemcitabine hampers passive transport by cell membrane permeation that may lead to drug resistance as it has to enter the cells via nucleoside transporters. The art of encapsulating the drug in nanovesicle and then anchoring it with targeting ligand is one of the present areas of research in cancer chemotherapy. METHODS In this study solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by double emulsification and solvent evaporation method. Cyclic RGDfk and gemcitabine hydrochloride were used as targeting ligand and chemotherapeutic drug, respectively, for targeting breast cancer. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated for in vitro and in vivo performance to showcase the targeting efficiency and therapeutic benefits of the gemcitabine loaded ligand conjugated nanoparticles. RESULTS When compared with gemcitabine (GEM) and GEM loaded nanoparticles (GSLN), the ligand conjugated GEM nanoparticles (cGSLN) showed superior cytotoxicity, apoptosis and inhibition of 3D multicellular spheroids in human breast cancer cells (MDA MB 231). The in vivo tumor regression studies in orthotopic breast cancer induced Balb/C mice showed that cGSLN displayed superior tumor suppression and also the targeting potential of the cGSLN towards induced breast cancer. CONCLUSION Prepared nanoformulations showed enhanced anticancer activity in both 2D and 3D cell culture models along with antitumor efficacy in orthotopic breast cancer mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Tunki
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Parimala Devi Ganthala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Deep Pooja Kulhari
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 302030, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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Effects of microbiota on anticancer drugs: Current knowledge and potential applications. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104197. [PMID: 35933808 PMCID: PMC9358415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, mounting evidence has revealed the key roles of gut microbiota in modulating the efficacy and toxicity of anticancer drugs, via mechanisms such as immunomodulation and microbial enzymatic degradation. As such, human microbiota presents as an exciting prospect for developing biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes and interventional approaches for improving therapeutic effects. In this review, we analyze the current knowledge of the interplays among gut microorganisms, host responses and anticancer therapies (including cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapy), with an emphasis on the immunomodulation function of microbiota which facilitates the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, we propose several microbiota-modulating strategies including fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics, which can be pursued to optimize the use and development of anticancer treatments. We anticipate that future clinical and preclinical studies will highlight the significance of human microbiome as a promising target towards precision medicine in cancer therapies. Funding National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0907800), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program (KQTD20200820145822023) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31900056 and 32000096).
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Lai HT, Naumova N, Marchais A, Gaspar N, Geoerger B, Brenner C. Insight into the interplay between mitochondria-regulated cell death and energetic metabolism in osteosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:948097. [PMID: 36072341 PMCID: PMC9441498 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.948097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a pediatric malignant bone tumor that predominantly affects adolescent and young adults. It has high risk for relapse and over the last four decades no improvement of prognosis was achieved. It is therefore crucial to identify new drug candidates for OS treatment to combat drug resistance, limit relapse, and stop metastatic spread. Two acquired hallmarks of cancer cells, mitochondria-related regulated cell death (RCD) and metabolism are intimately connected. Both have been shown to be dysregulated in OS, making them attractive targets for novel treatment. Promising OS treatment strategies focus on promoting RCD by targeting key molecular actors in metabolic reprogramming. The exact interplay in OS, however, has not been systematically analyzed. We therefore review these aspects by synthesizing current knowledge in apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy in OS. Additionally, we outline an overview of mitochondrial function and metabolic profiles in different preclinical OS models. Finally, we discuss the mechanism of action of two novel molecule combinations currently investigated in active clinical trials: metformin and the combination of ADI-PEG20, Docetaxel and Gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Toan Lai
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nataliia Naumova
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Brenner
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- *Correspondence: Catherine Brenner,
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Progesterone receptor expression contributes to gemcitabine resistance at higher ECM stiffness in breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268300. [PMID: 35617163 PMCID: PMC9135204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance poses a great barrier to breast cancer treatment and is thought to correlate with increased matrix stiffness. We developed two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide (PAA) and three-dimensional (3D) alginate in vitro models of tissue stiffness that mimic the stiffness of normal breast and breast cancer. We then used these to compare cell viability in response to chemotherapeutic treatment. In both 2D and 3D we observed that breast cancer cell growth and size was increased at a higher stiffness corresponding to tumours compared to normal tissue. When chemotherapeutic response was measured, a specific differential response in cell viability was observed for gemcitabine in 2 of the 7 breast cancer cell lines investigated. MCF7 and T-47D cell lines showed gemcitabine resistance at 4 kPa compared to 500 Pa. These cell lines share a common phenotype of progesterone receptor (PGR) expression and, indeed, pre-treatment with the selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) mifepristone abolished resistance to gemcitabine at high stiffness. Our data reveals that combined treatment with SPRMs may therefore help in reducing resistance to gemcitabine in stiffer breast tumours which are PGR positive.
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LINC00665: An Emerging Biomarker for Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091540. [PMID: 35563845 PMCID: PMC9102468 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00665 (LINC00665) is located on human chromosome 19q13.12. LINC00665 was upregulated in eighteen cancers and downregulated in two cancers. LINC00665 not only inhibits 25 miRNAs but also directly affects the stability of ten protein-coding genes. Notably, LINC00665 also encodes a micro-peptide CIP2A-BP that promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression. LINC00665 can participate in five signaling pathways to regulate cancer progression, including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Aberrant expression of LINC00665 in breast cancer, gastric cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma can be used for disease diagnosis. In addition, aberrant expression of LINC00665 is closely associated with clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of various cancers. LINC00665 is closely associated with the effects of anticancer drugs, including gefitinib and cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer, gemcitabine in cholangiocarcinoma, and cisplatin-paclitaxel in breast cancer. This work systematically summarizes the diagnostic and prognostic values of LINC00665 in various tumors, and comprehensively analyzes the molecular regulatory mechanism related to LINC00665, which is expected to provide clear guidance for future research.
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Guo Y, Zhu H, Xiao Y, Guo H, Lin M, Yuan Z, Yang X, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Bai Y. The anthelmintic drug niclosamide induces GSK-β-mediated β-catenin degradation to potentiate gemcitabine activity, reduce immune evasion ability and suppress pancreatic cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:112. [PMID: 35115509 PMCID: PMC8814035 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Niclosamide, a cell-permeable salicylanilide, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for its anthelmintic efficiency. A growing body of evidence in recent years suggests that niclosamide exhibits potential tumor-suppressive activity. However, the role and molecular mechanism of niclosamide in pancreatic cancer remain unclear. In this study, niclosamide inhibited proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs), induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial-mediated pathway, and suppressed cell migration and invasion by antagonizing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Also, niclosamide inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse models. Mechanistically, niclosamide exerted these therapeutic effects via targeting β-catenin. Niclosamide did not reduce β-catenin mRNA expression in PCCs, but significantly downregulated its protein level. Moreover, niclosamide induced β-catenin phosphorylation and protein degradation. Interestingly, niclosamide also induced GSK-3β phosphorylation, which is involved in the ubiquitination degradation of β-catenin. Pharmacological activation of β-catenin by methyl vanillate and β-catenin overexpression abolished the inhibitory effects of niclosamide. Furthermore, niclosamide potentiated the antitumor effect of the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine and reduced the ability of cancer immune evasion by downregulating the expression levels of PD-L1, which is involved in T cell immunity. Thus, our study indicated that niclosamide induces GSK-β-mediated β-catenin degradation to potentiate gemcitabine activity, reduce immune evasion ability, and suppress pancreatic cancer progression. Niclosamide may be a potential therapeutic candidate for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hengyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yanyi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hangcheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Miaomiao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Human Genetic Resource Bank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ziwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xuejia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Youze Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department for Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
- Center for Health Assessment, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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