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Cerrato-Izaguirre D, Chirino YI, García-Cuellar CM, Santibáñez-Andrade M, Prada D, Hernández-Guerrero A, Larraga OA, Camacho J, Sánchez-Pérez Y. Mutational landscape of gastric adenocarcinoma in Latin America: A genetic approach for precision medicine. Genes Dis 2022; 9:928-940. [PMID: 35685475 PMCID: PMC9170608 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Latin-America (LATAM) is the second region in gastric cancer incidence; gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) represents 95% of all cases. We provide a mutational landscape of GA highlighting a) germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary GA, b) germline risk variants associated with sporadic GA, and c) somatic variants present in sporadic GA in LATAM, and analyze how this landscape can be applied for precision medicine. We found that Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela are the countries with more published studies from LATAM explicitly related to GA. Our analysis displayed that different germline pathogenic variants for the CDH1 gene have been identified for hereditary GA in Brazilian, Chilean, Colombian, and Mexican populations. An increased risk of developing somatic GA is associated with the following germline risk variants: IL-4, IL-8, TNF-α, PTGS2, NFKB1, RAF1, KRAS and MAPK1 in Brazilian; IL-10 in Chilean; IL-10 in Colombian; EGFR and ERRB2 in Mexican, TCF7L2 and Chr8q24 in Venezuelan population. The path from mutational landscape to precision medicine requires four development levels: 1) Data compilation, 2) Data analysis and integration, 3) Development and approval of clinical approaches, and 4) Population benefits. Generating local genomic information is the initial padlock to overcome to generate and apply precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Cerrato-Izaguirre
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (CINVESTAV), Ciudad de México, CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I. Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, CP 54090, Mexico
| | - Claudia M. García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Miguel Santibáñez-Andrade
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Diddier Prada
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
- Departamento de Informática Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, Mexico
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Angélica Hernández-Guerrero
- Servicio de Endoscopía, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Octavio Alonso Larraga
- Servicio de Endoscopía, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Javier Camacho
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (CINVESTAV), Ciudad de México, CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, Mexico
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Larios-Serrato V, Martínez-Ezquerro JD, Valdez-Salazar HA, Torres J, Camorlinga-Ponce M, Piña-Sánchez P, Ruiz-Tachiquín ME. Copy number alterations and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition genes in diffuse and intestinal gastric cancers in Mexican patients. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:191. [PMID: 35362543 PMCID: PMC8985205 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy with the highest mortality rate among diseases of the digestive system, worldwide. The present study of GC alterations is crucial to the understanding of tumor biology and the establishment of important aspects of cancer prognosis and treatment response. In the present study, DNA from Mexican patients with diffuse GC (DGC), intestinal GC (IGC) or non‑atrophic gastritis (NAG; control) was purified and whole‑genome analysis was performed with high‑density arrays. Shared and unique copy number alterations (CNA) were identified between the different tissues involving key genes and signaling pathways associated with cancer. This led to the molecular distinction and identification of the most relevant molecular functions to be identified. A more detailed bioinformatics analysis of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes revealed that the altered network associated with chromosomal alterations included 11 genes that were shared between DGC, IGC and NAG, as well as 19 DGC‑ and 7 IGC‑exclusive genes. Furthermore, the main molecular functions included adhesion, angiogenesis, migration, metastasis, morphogenesis, proliferation and survival. The present study provided the first whole‑genome high‑density array analysis in Mexican patients with GC and revealed shared and exclusive CNA‑associated genes in DGC and IGC. In addition, a bioinformatics‑predicted network was generated, focusing on CNA‑altered genes associated with EMT and the hallmarks of cancer, as well as precancerous alterations that may lead to GC. Molecular signatures of diffuse and intestinal GC, predicted bioinformatically, involve common and distinct CNA‑EMT genes related to the hallmarks of cancer that are potential candidates for screening biomarkers of GC, including early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Larios-Serrato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Genomic Bioinformatics, National School of Biological Sciences (ENCB), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), Lázaro Cárdenas Professional Unit, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - José-Darío Martínez-Ezquerro
- Epidemiological and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area (UIESSAE), XXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Hilda-Alicia Valdez-Salazar
- Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Medical Research Unit (UIMEIP), High Specialty Medical Unit (UMAE)‑Pediatrics Hospital 'Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund', XXI Century National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Javier Torres
- Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Medical Research Unit (UIMEIP), High Specialty Medical Unit (UMAE)‑Pediatrics Hospital 'Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund', XXI Century National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Margarita Camorlinga-Ponce
- Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Medical Research Unit (UIMEIP), High Specialty Medical Unit (UMAE)‑Pediatrics Hospital 'Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund', XXI Century National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Patricia Piña-Sánchez
- Oncological Diseases Medical Research Unit (UIMEO), UMAE‑Oncology Hospital, XXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Martha-Eugenia Ruiz-Tachiquín
- Oncological Diseases Medical Research Unit (UIMEO), UMAE‑Oncology Hospital, XXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City 06720, Mexico
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Karimi F, Amiri-Moghaddam SM, Bagheri Z, Bahrami AR, Goshayeshi L, Allahyari A, Mirsadraee M, Fanipakdel A, Bari A, Emadi-Torghabeh A, Kerachian MA, Rahimi H, Matin MM. Investigating the association between rs6983267 polymorphism and susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancers in Iranian population. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2273-2284. [PMID: 33713253 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have revealed that some single nucleotide polymorphisms at 8q24, such as rs6983267, might be effective in susceptibility to various cancers in different populations. Therefore, rs6983267 might be useful as a marker for multiple cancers. In this study, we considered a population, including 478 gastrointestinal cancer cases from the Iranian population, to investigate the association between rs6983267 and susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancers. The samples were genotyped using the TaqMan real-time PCR method while 10% of them were also confirmed by sequencing. Higher frequency of G allele was associated with higher grades of tumors in esophageal cancer and the tumors located in the lower portion of the esophagus (OR 3.56; 95% CI 1.13-11.24; P = 0.03) and cardia (OR 5.24; 95% CI 1.26-21.83; P = 0.02), which both locations are involved in esophageal adenocarcinomas with poor prognosis. The results indicated that in the male subgroup, the rs6983267 GG genotype significantly enhanced the gastric cancer susceptibility (OR 4.76; 95% CI 1.57-14.45; P = 0.01). GG genotype also increased the risk of intestinal-type gastric cancer, located in non-cardia (OR 4.62; 95% CI 1.25-17.04; P = 0.02). Moreover, gastric cancer cases and controls with a family history of gastrointestinal tumors were mostly genotyped with the G allele (OR 3.61; 95% CI = 1.09-12.01; P = 0.04). There were no remarkable associations between rs6983267 and susceptibility to esophageal and colon cancers in the Iranian population. However, different genotypes of rs6983267 had significant correlations with tumor grade, cancer type, and family history of gastrointestinal cancers. Further investigations in a larger population and other ethnicities are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Karimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Zakieh Bagheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ladan Goshayeshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Allahyari
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Azar Fanipakdel
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Bari
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Emadi-Torghabeh
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Kerachian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Cancer Genetics Research Unit, Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Rahimi
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. .,Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Wu Y, Jia Z, Cao D, Yang N, Wang Y, Cao X, Jiang J. Long non-coding RNA polymorphisms on 8q24 are associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer in a Chinese population. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8600. [PMID: 32117633 PMCID: PMC7039120 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death in China. Although genome-wide association studies have identified the association between several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 8q24 and the risk of GC, the role of these SNPs in the prognosis of GC in Chinese populations has not yet been fully evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the association between long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) polymorphisms on 8q24 and the prognosis of GC. Methods We genotyped 726 surgically resected GC patients to explore the association between eight SNPs in the lncRNAs CCAT1 (rs10087719, rs7816475), PCAT1 (rs1026411), PRNCR1 (rs12682421, rs13252298), and CASC8 (rs1562430, rs4871789, rs6983267) transcribed from the 8q24 locus and the prognosis of GC in a Chinese population. Results We found that the patients carrying rs12682421 AA genotypes survived for a shorter time than those with the GG/GA genotype (HR = 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.09-1.78]). Compared with the CC/CT genotype, the TT genotype of rs1562430 was associated with an increased risk of death (HR = 1.38, 95% CI [1.06-1.80]). Furthermore, the results also identified the rs1026411 SNP as an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in GC patients. Patients carrying AA/AG variant genotypes had a 36% increased risk of death compared to those carrying the GG genotype (HR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.06-1.74]). These findings suggested that the rs12682421, rs1026411 and rs1562430 SNPs may contribute to the survival of GC and be prognostic markers for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyu Zhang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhifang Jia
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Donghui Cao
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Na Yang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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5
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Liu X, Li Z, Song Y, Wang R, Han L, Wang Q, Jiang K, Kang C, Zhang Q. AURKA induces EMT by regulating histone modification through Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:33152-64. [PMID: 27121204 PMCID: PMC5078082 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, a highly invasive and aggressive malignancy, is the third leading cause of death from cancer worldwide. Genetic association studies have successfully revealed several important genes consistently associated with gastric cancer to date. However, these robust gastric cancer-associated genes do not fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of the disease. In the present study, we performed an alternative approach, a gene expression-based genome-wide association study (eGWAS) across 13 independent microarray experiments (including 251 gastric cancer cases and 428 controls), to identify top candidates (p<0.00001). Additionally, we conducted gene ontology analysis, pathway analysis and network analysis and identified aurora kinase A (AURKA) as our candidate. We observed that MLN8237, which is a specific inhibitor of AURKA, decreased the β-catenin and the phosphorylation of Akt1 and GSK-3β, as well as blocked the Akt and Wnt signaling pathways. Furthermore, MLN8237 arrested the cells in the G2/M phase. The activity of Wnt and Akt signaling pathways affected the level of histone methylation significantly, and we supposed that MLN8237 affected the level of histone methylation through these two signaling pathways. Additionally, the treatment of MLN8237 influenced the level of H3K4 me1/2/3 and H3K27 me1/2/3. Chip data on cell lines suggested that MLN8237 increases the level of H3K27 me3 on the promoter of Twist and inhibits EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition). In summary, AURKA is a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer and induces EMT through histone methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lei Han
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China.,Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China.,Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Zhi P, Shi J, Liu F. Genetic variations at 8q24 and gastric cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188774. [PMID: 29232378 PMCID: PMC5726661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published data on the association between genetic variants on the 8q24 chromosome and gastric cancer (GC) susceptibility are inconclusive. Here we present a meta-analysis designed to evaluate the relationship between 8q24 variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) labeled rs6983267 and rs1447295) and risk of developing GC. METHODS A literature search was performed using studies published on PubMed, Science Direct, OVID and Web of Science databases up to December 2016. Studies were selected based on our enrollment criteria, relevant data was extracted from each study and the odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and used to assess the strength of associations found between 8q24 polymorphisms and GC risk. Conclusions about acceptable strong associations were made after taking into account sample heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS A total of seven studies containing ten case-control studies were selected. Among these studies were six studies of 1,421 GC patients and 3,393 controls examining the role of the rs6983267 SNP and four studies including 779 cases and 1,266 controls examining rs1447295 SNP. The pooled results of these studies indicated that there was no significant association between both genetic variants and GC susceptibility using an allele, dominant, recessive and homozygote genetic models. When using a heterozygote genetic model, a significant increase was found in the association of GC risk for rs6983267 SNP (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01-1.12, P = 0.015), whereas for rs1447295 SNP a significant decreased risk was detected (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69-0.98, P = 0.030). In subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and genotyping methods, similar non-significant results were observed for the rs1447295 variant using the four genetic models (allele, dominant, recessive or homozygote models) and for the rs6983267 variant using only the allele, recessive and homozygote models. However, after a multiple testing correction to our calculations, these associations remained non-significant. CONCLUSION Meta-analysis of gastrointestinal cancer genetic analysis studies did not confirm an association between 8q24 chromosome polymorphisms (specifically rs6983267 and rs1447295) and susceptibility to GC in the general populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengke Zhi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Henan University Of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
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Association between 8q24 rs6983267 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis involving 170,737 subjects. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57421-57439. [PMID: 28915683 PMCID: PMC5593654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Published data on the association between 8q24 rs6983267 polymorphism and cancer risk are inconsistent. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between rs6983267 polymorphism and cancer risk. We searched on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to November 1, 2016 for relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the strength of this association. We included 78 case-control studies with a total of 73,996 cases and 96,741 controls in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that rs6983267 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of overall cancer in all genetic models (dominant model: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.13–1.26; recessive model: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.14–1.25; homozygous model: OR= 1.31, 95% CI = 1.23–1.40; heterozygous model: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.10–1.19; allelic model: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.11–1.18). Stratified analyses indicated that rs6983267 significantly increased the risk of colorectal cancer in Caucasians, prostate cancer in Caucasians and Asians, thyroid cancer in Caucasians and lung cancer in Asians. When studies were stratified by study quality, source of controls and genotyping method, significant associations were especially found in the high quality studies, the publication-based studies, the hospital-based studies, and the PCR-RFLP studies. Additional well-designed studies with large samples should be performed to validate our results.
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López-Cortés A, Guerrero S, Redal MA, Alvarado AT, Quiñones LA. State of Art of Cancer Pharmacogenomics in Latin American Populations. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E639. [PMID: 28545225 PMCID: PMC5485925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18060639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, several studies have shown that tumor-related somatic and germline alterations predicts tumor prognosis, drug response and toxicity. Latin American populations present a vast geno-phenotypic diversity due to the great interethnic and interracial mixing. This genetic flow leads to the appearance of complex characteristics that allow individuals to adapt to endemic environments, such as high altitude or extreme tropical weather. These genetic changes, most of them subtle and unexplored, could establish a mutational profile to develop new pharmacogenomic therapies specific for Latin American populations. In this review, we present the current status of research on somatic and germline alterations in Latin America compared to those found in Caucasian and Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés López-Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito 170527, Ecuador.
| | - Santiago Guerrero
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - María Ana Redal
- Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Diagnóstico Molecular, MEDgenomica, Buenos Aires 1000-1499, Argentina.
| | - Angel Tito Alvarado
- Unidad de Bioequivalencia y Medicina Personalizada, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima 12, Peru.
| | - Luis Abel Quiñones
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 70111, Chile.
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9
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Torres K, Labrador L, Valderrama E, Chiurillo MA. TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer: A case-control study in the Venezuelan population. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6520-6526. [PMID: 27605886 PMCID: PMC4968131 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i28.6520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the association between TCF7L2 rs12255372 and rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gastric cancer risk in Venezuelan patients.
METHODS We performed a case-control study including 122 paraffin-embedded archived intestinal-type gastric cancer samples and 129 biopsies obtained by superior endoscopy from chronic gastritis patients. Gastric cancer samples were classified according the degree of carcinoma differentiation. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues, and the two SNPs of TCF7L2 gene (rs12255372 and rs7903146) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism reactions. Multiple regression analysis with adjustments for age and gender were performed and best-fitting models of inheritance were determined. Statistic powers were post-hoc calculated.
RESULTS After adjusting for age and sex the TCF7L2 rs7903146 TT genotype was associated with gastric cancer risk under the recessive genetic model (OR = 3.11, 95%CI: 1.22-7.92, P = 0.017). We further investigated the distribution of rs12255372 and rs7903146 genotypes according gastric cancer stratified by degree of differentiation, and we observed that carriers of rs7903146 T allele (CT + TT vs CC) had a significantly increased risk of moderate/well differentiated gastric cancer (dominant model, OR = 2.55, 95%CI: 1.35-4.80, P = 0.004), whereas the rs7903146 TT genotype was associated with poorly differentiated gastric cancer in the recessive model (OR = 3.65, 95%CI: 1.25-10.62, P = 0.018). We did not find association between rs12255372 SNP and the susceptibility of developing gastric cancer.
CONCLUSION TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer risk in the Venezuelan population, and could be related to determine the degree of differentiation of tumor cells.
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10
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Verma M. Genome-wide association studies and epigenome-wide association studies go together in cancer control. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1645-64. [PMID: 27079684 PMCID: PMC5551540 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2015-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Completion of the human genome a decade ago laid the foundation for: using genetic information in assessing risk to identify individuals and populations that are likely to develop cancer, and designing treatments based on a person's genetic profiling (precision medicine). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) completed during the past few years have identified risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms that can be used as screening tools in epidemiologic studies of a variety of tumor types. This led to the conduct of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS). This article discusses the current status, challenges and research opportunities in GWAS and EWAS. Information gained from GWAS and EWAS has potential applications in cancer control and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Verma
- Methods & Technologies Branch, Epidemiology & Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Suite 4E102, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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