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Tufekci D, Nuhoglu I, Ayan SS, Gunay YE, Coskun H, Bilginer MC, Ucuncu O, Kocak M, Yaman SO, Karahan SC. Can signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE-1) be used as an indicator of endothelial dysfunction in acromegaly patients? Endocrine 2023; 82:152-160. [PMID: 37450216 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acromegaly is closely related to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction (ED). This study aimed to evaluate, for the first time in the literature, signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase e(NOS) levels in the setting of acromegaly. METHOD A total of 56 acromegaly patients and a control group composed of 30 healthy volunteers were included in this study. In the postoperative follow-up, patients were grouped as active or in-remission according to their GH and IGF-1 levels in oral glucose stimulation test (OGST). After detailed physical examination of acromegaly patients and the control subjects, 8-hour fasting blood samples were collected to evaluate biochemical parameters including lipid profile, anterior pituitary hormones, and SCUBE-1 and e(NOS) levels. RESULTS Inactive and active acromegaly was noted in 78.6% and 21.4% of patients, respectively. The median (min-max) SCUBE-1 levels were significantly higher in the inactive acromegaly and active acromegaly groups than in the control group (1.6(0.4-2.4) and 1.8(1.1-2.5) vs. 0.4(0.2-1.0) ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.001 for each). The median (min-max) e(NOS) levels were significantly higher in the inactive acromegaly and active acromegaly groups than in the control group (132.7 (26.8-602.9) and 137.3 (69.7-488.7) vs. 83.9 (16.4-218.7) pg/mL, p = 0.018 and p = 0.048, respectively). We have also detected positive correlations of e(NOS) with leukocyte (r = 0.307, p = 0.021) and neutrophil counts (r = 0.309, p = 0.021). CONCLUSION Our study revealed for the first time in literature that SCUBE-1 levels, being a novel marker for ED, were significantly higher in acromegaly patients than in control subjects. When supported with clinical studies, SCUBE-1can be used as an early indicator of endothelial damage in acromegaly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Tufekci
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Irfan Nuhoglu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Sura Ayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Emur Gunay
- Clinics of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Giresun Training and Research Hospital, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Hulya Coskun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Cuneyt Bilginer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ozge Ucuncu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kocak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Serap Ozer Yaman
- Department of Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Caner Karahan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
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Sato T, Goto-Inoue N, Kimishima M, Toyoharu J, Minei R, Ogura A, Nagoya H, Mori T. A novel ND1 mitochondrial DNA mutation is maternally inherited in growth hormone transgenesis in amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae). Sci Rep 2022; 12:6720. [PMID: 35469048 PMCID: PMC9038734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) transgenesis can be used to manipulate the growth performance of fish and mammals. In this study, homozygous and hemizygous GH-transgenic amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae) derived from a single female exhibited hypoglycemia. Proteomic and signal network analyses using iTRAQ indicated a decreased NAD+/NADH ratio in transgenic fish, indicative of reduced mitochondrial ND1 function and ROS levels. Mitochondrial DNA sequencing revealed that approximately 28% of the deletion mutations in the GH homozygous- and hemizygous-female-derived mitochondrial DNA occurred in ND1. These fish also displayed decreased ROS levels. Our results indicate that GH transgenesis in amago salmon may induce specific deletion mutations that are maternally inherited over generations and alter energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Masaya Kimishima
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Jike Toyoharu
- Research Institute of Medical Research Support Center Electron Microscope Laboratory, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Minei
- Department of Computer Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogura
- Department of Computer Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagoya
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Minamiise, 516-0193, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mori
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, 252-0880, Japan.
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Elbialy A. Ageing genetic signature of hypersomatotropism. Open Biol 2021; 11:200265. [PMID: 33849304 PMCID: PMC8059514 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acromegaly is a pathological condition that is caused by over-secretion of growth hormone (GH) and develops primarily from a pituitary adenoma. Excess GH exposure over a prolonged period of time leads to a wide range of systemic manifestations and comorbidities. Studying the effect of excess GH on the cellular level could help to understand the underlying causes of acromegaly health complications and comorbidities. In our previous publications, we have shown that excess GH reduces body side population (SP) stem cells and induces signs of premature ageing in an acromegaly zebrafish model. Here, we study acromegaly ageing in greater depth at the level of gene expression. We investigated whether acromegaly induces an ageing genetic signature in different organs. Using the GenAge database, our acromegaly model showed a significant enrichment of ageing genetic datasets in the muscle but not in other organs. Likewise, the hierarchical clustering of wild type (WT), acromegaly and aged RNA data from various organs revealed the similarity of gene expression profiles between the acromegaly and the aged muscles. We therefore identified overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different organs between acromegaly and aged zebrafish. Importantly, about half of the muscle, liver and brain acromegaly DEGs overlapped with aged zebrafish DEGs. Interestingly, overlapping was observed in the same way; acromegaly-up DEGs overlapped with aged zebrafish up DEGs, not down DEGs, and vice versa. We then identified the biological functions of overlapping DEGs. Enrichment database analysis and gene ontology showed that most overlapping muscle genes were involved in ageing metabolism, while overlapping liver DEGs were involved in metabolic pathways, response to hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Thus, this study provides a full ageing genetic signature of acromegaly at the gene expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Elbialy
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
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4
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Abstract
Acromegaly is characterized by Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) excess. Uncontrolled acromegaly is associated with a strongly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and numerous cardiovascular risk factors remain present after remission. GH and IGF-1 have numerous effects on the immune and cardiovascular system. Since endothelial damage and systemic inflammation are strongly linked to the development of CVD, and have been suggested to be present in both controlled as uncontrolled acromegaly, they may explain the presence of both micro- and macrovascular dysfunction in these patients. In addition, these changes seem to be only partially reversible after remission, as illustrated by the often reported presence of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular damage in controlled acromegaly. Previous studies suggest that insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the development of CVD in acromegaly. Not surprisingly, these processes are associated with systemic inflammation and respond to GH/IGF-1 normalizing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalijn L C Wolters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adrianus R M M Hermus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana T Netea-Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Chesnokova V, Melmed S. Peptide Hormone Regulation of DNA Damage Responses. Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5818084. [PMID: 32270196 PMCID: PMC7279704 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair pathways determine neoplastic cell transformation and therapeutic responses, as well as the aging process. Altered DDR functioning results in accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage, increased frequency of tumorigenic mutations, and premature aging. Recent evidence suggests that polypeptide hormones play a role in modulating DDR and DNA damage repair, while DNA damage accumulation may also affect hormonal status. We review the available reports elucidating involvement of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), growth hormone (GH), α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/gonadotropins in DDR and DNA repair as well as the current understanding of pathways enabling these actions. We discuss effects of DNA damage pathway mutations, including Fanconi anemia, on endocrine function and consider mechanisms underlying these phenotypes. (Endocrine Reviews 41: 1 - 19, 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Chesnokova
- Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shlomo Melmed
- Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Abstract
In aerobes, oxygen is essential for maintenance of life. However, incomplete reduction of oxygen leads to generation of reactive oxygen species. These oxidants oxidise biological macromolecules present in their vicinity and thereby impair cellular functions causing oxidative stress (OS). Aerobes have evolved both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defences to protect themselves from OS. Although hormones as means of biological coordination involve in regulation of physiological activities of tissues by regulating metabolism, any change in their normal titre leads to pathophysiological states. While, hormones such as melatonin, insulin, oestrogen, progesterone display antioxidant features, thyroid hormone, corticosteroids and catecholamines elicit free radical generation and OS, and the role of testosterone in inducing OS is debateable. This review is an attempt to understand the impact of free radical generation and cross talk between the hormones modulating antioxidant defence system under various pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
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Watamoto Y, Futawaka K, Hayashi M, Matsushita M, Mitsutani M, Song Z, Koyama R, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Kuwahara A, Kataoka K, Tagami T, Moriyama K. IGF-1 regulate the expression of uncoupling protein 2 via FOXO1. Growth Factors 2019; 37:247-256. [PMID: 32156173 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1739032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria uncoupling protein2 (UCP2) expressed ubiquitously is a key molecule of energy metabolism. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone, a target molecule of growth hormone (GH) signal pathway, which is also known as the drug "mecasermin" for clinical usages. IGF-1 is seemed to be closely related to metabolic diseases, such as adult GH deficiency. However, there has not been reports depicted possible relationship with each other. So, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms by which expression of UCP2 is regulated by IGF-1 via FOXO1. The findings suggested that three sequences in the consensus UCP2 promoter play complementary functional roles in the functional expression of FOXO1. So, we found that FOXO1 is involved in IGF-1-mediated energy metabolism greater than that of direct action of GH via STAT5. Our findings suggested that IGF-1 was involved in energy metabolism by regulating the expression of UCP2 via the PI3K/Akt/FOXO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Watamoto
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Mana Mitsutani
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Zilin Song
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwahara
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kazusaburo Kataoka
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Maffei P, Dassie F, Wennberg A, Parolin M, Vettor R. The Endothelium in Acromegaly. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:437. [PMID: 31396153 PMCID: PMC6667653 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) excess induce well-known deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system, especially after long-term exposition. Acromegaly, a condition of chronic GH and IGF-1 hypersecretion, is frequently associated to cardiovascular complications, although recent studies have shown a reduction in the prevalence of these comorbidities in well-controlled patients and a mortality risk similar to normal aging population. Many factors could contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk of acromegaly patients. Among these factors, the endothelium plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques and could be considered an early marker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular dysfunction. In this review we examined the relationship between GH/IGF-1 excess and the endothelium, from basic studies to clinical evidence. Many studies involving various arterial districts (microvascular arteries of retina, kidney and brain, and major vessels as carotid and aorta) showed that GH/IGF-1 excess promotes endothelial dysfunction via several different mechanisms. Increased endothelial proliferation, dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells, increased oxidative stress, and compromised oxidative defenses are the main factors that are associated with endothelial dysfunction. In the general population, these alterations are associated with the development of atherosclerosis with an increased incidence of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular complications. However, in acromegaly this is still a debated issue, despite the presence of many pro-atherogenic factors and comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnoea, and metabolic syndrome. Preclinical markers of atherosclerosis as arterial intima media thickness, pulse wave velocity and flow mediated dilation seem to be impaired in acromegaly and partly mediated by the endothelium dysfunction. In conclusion, the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction in the condition of GH and IGF-1 excess remains a crucial area of investigation to fully dissect the association of acromegaly with cardiovascular disease complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Maffei
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pietro Maffei
| | - Francesca Dassie
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Alexandra Wennberg
- Clinica Neurologica, Department of Neurosciences (DNS), Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Parolin
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
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A Zebrafish Acromegaly Model Elevates DNA Damage and Impairs DNA Repair Pathways. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:biology7040047. [PMID: 30336646 PMCID: PMC6315448 DOI: 10.3390/biology7040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acromegaly is a pathological condition due to excess growth hormone (GH) secretion. Acromegaly patients exhibit a deterioration of health and many associated complications, such as cardiovascular issues, arthritis, kidney diseases, muscular weakness, and colon cancer. Since these complications are generalized throughout the body, we investigated the effect of GH excess on cellular integrity. Here, we established stable acromegaly model zebrafish lines that overexpress tilapia GH and the red fluorescence protein (RFP) reporter gene for tracking GH gene expression throughout generations, and performed RNA-Seq data analysis from different organs. Intriguingly, heatmap and Expression2Kinases (X2K) analysis revealed the enrichment of DNA damage markers in various organs. Moreover, H2A.X immunostaining analysis in acromegaly zebrafish larvae and the adult acromegaly model brain and muscle showed a robust increase in the number of DNA-damaged cells. Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we found that the acromegaly zebrafish model had impaired DNA repair pathways in the liver, such as double-strand break (DSB), homologous recombination repair (HRR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), nucleotide excision repair (NER), and translesion synthesis (TLS). Interestingly, the impairment of DNA repair was even more prominent in acromegaly model than in aged zebrafish (three years old). Thus, our study demonstrates that affection of cellular integrity is characteristic of acromegaly.
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Hayashi M, Futawaka K, Matsushita M, Koyama R, Fun Y, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Tagami T, Moriyama K. GH directly stimulates UCP3 expression. Growth Horm IGF Res 2018; 40:44-54. [PMID: 29398371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the direct action of GH signaling in energy homeostasis in myocytes. DESIGN We investigated the GH-induced expression of UCP3 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, human H-EMC-SS chondrosarcoma cells, murine C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts, and rat L6 skeletal muscle cells, as well as its direct effect on the GHR/JAK/STAT5 pathway using a combination of a reporter assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. RESULTS We demonstrated that the regulation of energy metabolism by GH involves UCP3 via activated STAT5, a signal transducer downstream of GH. UCP3 expression increased with STAT5 in a dose-dependent manner and was higher than that of UCP2. We confirmed the functional STAT5 binding site consensus sequences at -861 and -507 bp in the UCP3 promoter region. CONCLUSION The results suggest that GH stimulates UCP3 directly and that UCP2 and that UCP3 participate in the signal transduction pathway that functions downstream of the GHR/JAK/STAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hayashi
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yue Fun
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
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11
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Hayashi M, Futawaka K, Koyama R, Fan Y, Matsushita M, Hirao A, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Tagami T, Moriyama K. Effects of growth hormone on uncoupling protein 1 in white adipose tissues in obese mice. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 37:31-39. [PMID: 29111497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The transition of white adipocytes to beige cells (a phenomenon referred to as browning or beigeing) during obesity has been previously reported. Our study aimed to examine the mechanisms through which obesity induced by a high fat diet (HFD) affects uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression via signal transduction and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5s). DESIGN Seven-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal or HFD for 11weeks. Body weight, white adipose tissue weight, and blood lipid and glucose levels were measured. To unveil the molecular mechanisms of UCP1 expression in adipose tissue, we performed further studying 3T3-L1 cells using qRT-PCR. We also measured UCP1 promoter activity in the TSA201 cell line using a dual luciferase assay. In addition, we analyzed the predicted consensus sequences for STAT5 binding in the UCP1 promoter region. RESULTS Mice fed an HFD had higher body weight and intra-abdominal adipose tissues weight and a higher expression of UCP1, GH receptor (GHR), STATs, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCSs), and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH) compared to control mice. In 3T3-L1 cell studies, GH induced phosphorylation of the STAT5, SOCSs, CISH and UCP1 expressions. UCP1 promoter activity was associated with constitutively active STAT5 in a dose-dependent manner. We confirmed functional STAT5 binding sites at -425, -279, and -178bp of the UCP1 promoter. CONCLUSION We suggest that endogenous GH induces UCP1 expression in adipose tissue via STAT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hayashi
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Asuka Hirao
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayako Nushida
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Department of Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
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Wang L, Fumoto T, Masumoto S, Shoji T, Miura T, Naraoka M, Matsuda N, Imaizumi T, Ohkuma H. Regression of atherosclerosis with apple procyanidins by activating the ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 in a rabbit model. Atherosclerosis 2017; 258:56-64. [PMID: 28196336 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Apple polyphenol contains abundant procyanidins, which have been associated with an anti-atherosclerosis and cholesterol-lowering effect. The aim of this study was to investigate whether apple procyanidins (APCs) feature therapeutic efficacy in terms of regressing atherosclerosis and whether this efficacy is due to mechanisms other than a cholesterol-lowering effect. METHODS After eight weeks on an atherogenic diet, rabbits were given a normal diet for another eight weeks to normalize the increased serum lipids level. The rabbits in the baseline group were sacrificed at this stage. The control group was subsequently fed a normal diet for eight weeks, while the APCs group was administrated 50 mg/kg/day of APCs in addition to the normal diet. Serum lipids and aortic intimal-medial thickness (IMT) were serially examined, and the resected aorta was examined histologically and through molecular biology. RESULTS Aortic IMT on ultrasonography and the lipid accumulation area examined using Sudan IV staining were significantly reduced in the APCs group as compared to the control group. Serum lipid profiles were not different between the groups. Immunohistochemistry showed significantly decreased staining of an oxidative stress marker and significantly increased staining of ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) in the APCs group. Western blotting and RT-PCR also showed increased expression of ABCA1 mRNA and its protein in the APCs group. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that APCs administration causes a regression of atherosclerosis. APCs might hold promise as an anti-atherosclerotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Toshio Fumoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Saeko Masumoto
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8605, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shoji
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8605, Japan
| | - Tomisato Miura
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Masato Naraoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Naoya Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Tadaatsu Imaizumi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohkuma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan.
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Futawaka K, Tagami T, Fukuda Y, Koyama R, Nushida A, Nezu S, Imamoto M, Kasahara M, Moriyama K. Growth hormone regulates the expression of UCP2 in myocytes. Growth Horm IGF Res 2016; 29:57-62. [PMID: 27150070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if and how growth hormone (GH) signaling is involved in energy metabolism. DESIGN We used human embryonic kidney TSA201 cells, human H-EMC-SS chondrosarcoma cells, rat L6 skeletal muscle cells, and murine C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts to investigate GH-induced expression of uncoupling protein2 (UCP2) to the GHR/JAK/STAT5 pathway by a combination of a reporter assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting. RESULTS We demonstrated that the regulation energy metabolism, which was hypothesized to be directly acted on by GH, involves UCP2 via activated STAT5B, a signal transducer downstream of GH. We also showed that the sequence at the -586 'TTCnGA' may function as a novel putative consensus sequence of STAT5s. CONCLUSION The results suggest that GH regulates energy metabolism directly in myocytes and that UCP2 participates in the signal transduction pathway that functions downstream of the GHR/JAK/STAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Miyuki Imamoto
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Kasahara
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe Medical Frontier Center, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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14
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Arpaci D, Karakas Celik S, Can M, Ermiş E, Kuzu F, Kokturk F, Hamamcioglu AC, Dursun A, Bayraktaroglu T. Serum paraoxonase level and paraoxonase polymorphism in patients with acromegaly. Redox Rep 2016; 21:281-6. [PMID: 26863932 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2015.1133036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acromegalic patients have increased cardiometabolic risk factors due to an elevation of growth hormone (GH) levels. Human serum paraoxonase (PON), a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-related enzyme, is one of the major bioscavengers and decreases the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), a key regulator in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated a potential relationship between serum PON levels or PON polymorphisms and acromegaly. METHODS A total of 48 acromegalic patients and 44 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum GH levels, insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and lipid profiles were measured. Serum PON levels, as well as PON 1 L55M and Q192R gene polymorphisms, were examined. RESULTS No significant differences were found in terms of age, gender, presence of diabetes, serum LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-C, or triglyceride levels between the case and control groups (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in serum PON levels between the cases and controls (P = 0.007). The median serum PON level was 101 ± 63.36 U/l in the case group and 63 ± 60.50 U/l in the control group. There was a significant correlation between serum PON levels and IGF-1 levels (P = 0.004, r = 0.319); however, no significant differences were found in PON1 L55M and PON Q192R polymorphisms between the patients and controls (P = 0.607 and P = 0.308, respectively). In addition, no significant differences were found in serum PON levels in acromegalic patients who were and were not in remission (P = 0.385), nor between those with PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms (P = 0.161 and P = 0.336, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum PON levels were detected in acromegalic patients, independently of their remission status. This suggests protective effects for cardiometabolic risk parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Arpaci
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Sevim Karakas Celik
- b Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Murat Can
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Esra Ermiş
- d Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Fatih Kuzu
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Furuzan Kokturk
- e Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Dursun
- d Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Taner Bayraktaroglu
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Bulent Ecevit University , Zonguldak , Turkey
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Matsumoto R, Fukuoka H, Iguchi G, Odake Y, Yoshida K, Bando H, Suda K, Nishizawa H, Takahashi M, Yamada S, Ogawa W, Takahashi Y. Accelerated Telomere Shortening in Acromegaly; IGF-I Induces Telomere Shortening and Cellular Senescence. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140189. [PMID: 26448623 PMCID: PMC4598111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with acromegaly exhibit reduced life expectancy and increased prevalence of age-related diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Telomere shortening is reportedly associated with reduced life expectancy and increased prevalence of these age-related diseases. METHODS We measured telomere length in patients with acromegaly using quantitative PCR method. The effect of GH and IGF-I on telomere length and cellular senescence was examined in human skin fibroblasts. RESULTS Patients with acromegaly exhibited shorter telomere length than age-, sex-, smoking-, and diabetes-matched control patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (0.62 ± 0.23 vs. 0.75 ± 0.35, respectively, P = 0.047). In addition, telomere length in acromegaly was negatively correlated with the disease duration (R2 = 0.210, P = 0.003). In vitro analysis revealed that not GH but IGF-I induced telomere shortening in human skin fibroblasts. Furthermore, IGF-I-treated cells showed increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and expression of p53 and p21 protein. IGF-I-treated cells reached the Hayflick limit earlier than GH- or vehicle-treated cells, indicating that IGF-I induces cellular senescence. CONCLUSION Shortened telomeres in acromegaly and cellular senescence induced by IGF-I can explain, in part, the underlying mechanisms by which acromegaly exhibits an increased morbidity and mortality in association with the excess secretion of IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusaku Matsumoto
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Fukuoka
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Genzo Iguchi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Odake
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hironori Bando
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Suda
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nishizawa
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Michiko Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shozo Yamada
- Department of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Ogawa
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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16
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Ozkan C, Altinova AE, Cerit ET, Yayla C, Sahinarslan A, Sahin D, Dincel AS, Toruner FB, Akturk M, Arslan M. Markers of early atherosclerosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with acromegaly. Pituitary 2015; 18:621-9. [PMID: 25500981 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-014-0621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Data regarding atherosclerosis in acromegaly is controversial in literature. We aimed to investigate the markers of early atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and their relationships with each other in acromegaly. METHODS Thirty-nine patients with acromegaly and 40 control subjects were enrolled. Patients were classified into two groups; active acromegaly (AA) and controlled acromegaly (CA). Controls were matched by age, gender, body mass index and presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Flow mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EAT) were measured and serum levels of oxidative stress parameters, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and high sensitive CRP (hs CRP) were evaluated. RESULTS Significantly decreased FMD, increased CIMT and EAT were found in patients with acromegaly compared to controls (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). EAT correlated negatively with FMD (r = -0.24, p = 0.038) and positively with CIMT (r = 0.37, p < 0.01). Presence of acromegaly, hypertension and age were found to be the predictors of early atherosclerosis (p < 0.05). Hs CRP was decreased in AA compared to controls (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences for HMGB1 and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) cholesterol levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) between AA, CA and controls (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Early atherosclerosis measured with FMD, CIMT and EAT may exist in acromegaly. However, decreased hs CRP and unchanged HMGB1, ox-LDL and TAC levels suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress do not seem to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Ozkan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Besevler, 06500, Ankara, Turkey,
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17
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Keane J, Tajouri L, Gray B. The effect of recombinant human growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 on the mitochondrial function and viability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 40:105-15. [PMID: 25531671 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the putative physiological benefits induced by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are countered at supra-physiological concentrations because of an augmentation in the production of mitochondrial-derived free radicals with a subsequent increase in oxidative damage, compromising mitochondrial function. To test this hypothesis, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated for 4 h with either recombinant human GH (rhGH) (range = 0.25-100 μg/L) or recombinant IGF-1 (rIGF-1) (range = 100-600 μg/L) and along with control samples were subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry for the determination of cellular viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), mitochondrial superoxide (O2(-)) generation, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) activity. Results showed levels of mitochondrial O2(-) generation to be significantly reduced compared with control samples (lymphocytes: 21.5 ± 1.6 AU; monocytes: 230.2 ± 9.8 AU) following rhGH treatment at both concentrations of 5 μg/L (13.5 ± 1.3 AU, P ≤ 0.05) and 10 μg/L (12.3 ± 1.5 AU, P ≤ 0.05) in lymphocytes and at 10 μg/L (153.4 ± 11.4 AU, P ≤ 0.05) in monocytes. However, no significant effect was found at either higher rhGH concentrations or following treatment with any concentration of rIGF-1. In addition, neither of the 2 hormones had any significant effect on Δψm, mtPTP activity, or on cellular viability. In conclusion, physiological concentrations of rhGH elicited a protective cellular effect through the reduction of oxidative free radicals within mitochondria. This antioxidant effect was diminished at supra-physiological concentrations but not to a level that would elicit disruption of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Keane
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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18
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Unal OK, Cinkilic N, Gul OO, Cander S, Vatan O, Ersoy C, Yilmaz D, Tuncel E. Investigation of genotoxicity in acromegaly from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures using a micronucleus assay. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E2060-6. [PMID: 24963647 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although patients with acromegaly may have an increased risk of developing several types of cancers, the degree of risk for malignancy in these patients is unresolved. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the potential genotoxic effects of acromegaly on the cell cycle in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. DESIGN This was a single center, crossover, case-control study conducted on the acromegalic patients in Turkey. SETTING The study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of a university hospital. PATIENTS Seventy-one consecutively screened acromegalic patients and 56 controls participated in the study. INTERVENTION Patients were included, regardless of the disease activity status and their treatment duration before the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary end point was the frequency of micronucleus (MN) in the peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, and the secondary end point was its clinical correlations. RESULTS The MN level was 3.82 ± 1.49 in the control group and 18.00 ± 6.13 in the acromegalic group (P < .01), whereas the nuclear division index (NDI) was 1.79 ± 0.12 in the control group and 1.68 ± 0.07 in the acromegalic group (P < .01). Neither MN nor NDI was correlated with age, GH, IGF-I, initial GH, initial IGF-I, duration of the remission period, and initial tumor size. Only the MN level was positively correlated with the duration of disease (r = 0.323, P = .014). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that acromegalic patients had genotoxic damage at a substantial level, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of disease and genotoxicity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Kaan Unal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (O.K.U., O.O.G., S.C., C.E., E.T.), Uludag University Medical School, and Department of Biology (N.C., O.V., D.Y.), Uludag University Science and Arts Faculty, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (O.K.U.), Acibadem University Medical School, 16110 Bursa, Turkey; State Hospital (O.O.G.), 16090 Bursa, Turkey; and Sevket Yilmaz Research Hospital (S.C.), 16310 Bursa, Turkey
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Bayram F, Bitgen N, Donmez-Altuntas H, Cakir I, Hamurcu Z, Sahin F, Simsek Y, Baskol G. Increased genome instability and oxidative DNA damage and their association with IGF-1 levels in patients with active acromegaly. Growth Horm IGF Res 2014; 24:29-34. [PMID: 24382376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to assess cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN Cyt) assay parameters and also oxidative DNA damage in patients with active acromegaly and controls and to assess the relationship between age, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, pituitary adenoma diameters, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and CBMN Cyt assay parameters in patients with active acromegaly. DESIGN The study population included 30 patients with active acromegaly and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. CBMN Cyt assay parameters in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with active acromegaly and controls were evaluated and plasma 8-OHdG levels were measured. RESULTS Frequencies of micronucleus (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) in lymphocytes of patients with acromegaly were found to be significantly higher than those in controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). The frequencies of apoptotic and necrotic cells in lymphocytes of patients with acromegaly were found to be significantly higher than those in controls (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). No statistically significant differences in the number of cells in metaphase, the number of bi-nucleated cells (M2), the number of tri-nucleated cells (M3), the number of tetra-nucleated cells (M4) and nuclear division index (NDI) values were observed between patients and controls (p>0.05). Plasma 8-OHdG (ng/ml) levels in patients with acromegaly were found to be significantly higher than those in controls (p<0.005). MN frequency in the lymphocytes of patients with acromegaly increased with elevated serum IGF-1 levels (p<0.05), whereas the number of NPBs and the frequency of apoptotic cells decreased with elevated serum IGF-1 levels (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Both the increase in chromosomal/oxidative DNA damage and the positive association between MN frequency and serum IGF-1 levels may predict an increased risk of malignancy in acromegalic patients. Long-term follow-up of patients with acromegaly will be necessary to establish the degree of cancer risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahri Bayram
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Bitgen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Ilkay Cakir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Hamurcu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sahin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yasin Simsek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gulden Baskol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Abstract
Ageing is a process characterized by a progressive decline in cellular function, organismal fitness and increased risk of age-related diseases and death. Several hundred theories have attempted to explain this phenomenon. One of the most popular is the 'oxidative stress theory', originally termed the 'free radical theory'. The endocrine system seems to have a role in the modulation of oxidative stress; however, much less is known about the role that oxidative stress might have in the ageing of the endocrine system and the induction of age-related endocrine diseases. This Review outlines the interactions between hormones and oxidative metabolism and the potential effects of oxidative stress on ageing of endocrine organs. Many different mechanisms that link oxidative stress and ageing are discussed, all of which converge on the induction or regulation of inflammation. All these mechanisms, including cell senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction and microRNA dysregulation, as well as inflammation itself, could be targets of future studies aimed at clarifying the effects of oxidative stress on ageing of endocrine glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (MI) 20095, Italy
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Zengi A, Karadeniz M, Cetintas VB, Harman E, Tetik A, Orman M, Eroglu Z, Cetinkalp S, Ozgen AG, Saygili F, Yilmaz C. Is There Any Association Between the Ser326Cys Polymorphism of the 8-Oxoguanine Glycosylase 1 ( OGG1) Gene and Risk of Colon Polyp and Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Acromegaly Patients? Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2013; 17:267-73. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Zengi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Isparta Public Hospital, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Muammer Karadeniz
- Department of Endocrinology, Health Application and Research Center, Sifa University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ece Harman
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Izmir Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aslı Tetik
- Department of Medical Biology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Orman
- Department of Biostatistic, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Eroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevki Cetinkalp
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gokhan Ozgen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fusun Saygili
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Candeger Yilmaz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
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22
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Sasaki T, Tahara S, Shinkai T, Kuramoto K, Matsumoto S, Yanabe M, Takagi S, Kondo H, Kaneko T. Lifespan extension in the spontaneous dwarf rat and enhanced resistance to hyperoxia-induced mortality. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:457-63. [PMID: 23454635 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lifespan extension has been demonstrated in dwarfism mouse models relative to their wild-type. The spontaneous dwarf rat (SDR) was isolated from a closed colony of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Growth hormone deficiencies have been indicated to be responsible for dwarfism in SDR. Survival time, the markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, and resistance to hyperoxia were compared between SDR and SD rats, to investigate whether SDR, a dwarfism rat model, also extends lifespan and has an enhanced resistance to oxidative stress. SDRs lived 38% longer than SD rats on average. This is the first report to show that dwarf rats exhibit lifespan extensions similar to Ames and Snell mice. Decreased 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) content, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, indicated suppressed oxidative stress in the liver, kidney, and lung of SDRs. Increased glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity was consistent with decreased 8-oxodG content in the same tissues. The heart and brain showed a similar tendency, but this was not significant. However, the catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities of SDRs were not different from those of SD rats in any tissue. This was not what the original null hypothesis predicted. SDRs had potent resistance to the toxicity associated with high O2 (85%) exposure. The mean survival time in SDRs was more than 147% that of SD rats with 168h O2 exposure. These results suggest that the enhanced resistance to oxidative stress of SDRs associated with enhanced hydrogen peroxide elimination may support its potential role in lifespan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Sasaki
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Redox Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
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