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Micaletti F, Escoffre JM, Kerneis S, Bouakaz A, Galvin JJ, Boullaud L, Bakhos D. Microbubble-assisted ultrasound for inner ear drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115145. [PMID: 38042259 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Treating pathologies of the inner ear is a major challenge. To date, a wide range of procedures exists for administering therapeutic agents to the inner ear, with varying degrees of success. The key is to deliver therapeutics in a way that is minimally invasive, effective, long-lasting, and without adverse effects on vestibular and cochlear function. Microbubble-assisted ultrasound ("sonoporation") is a promising new modality that can be adapted to the inner ear. Combining ultrasound technology with microbubbles in the middle ear can increase the permeability of the round window, enabling therapeutic agents to be delivered safely and effectively to the inner ear in a targeted manner. As such, sonoporation is a promising new approach to treat hearing loss and vertigo. This review summarizes all studies on the delivery of therapeutic molecules to the inner ear using sonoporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Micaletti
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
| | | | - Sandrine Kerneis
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - John J Galvin
- Faculty of medicine, Université de Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
| | - Luc Boullaud
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - David Bakhos
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; Faculty of medicine, Université de Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
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2
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Waring NA, Chern A, Vilarello BJ, Lang JH, Olson ES, Nakajima HH. Sheep as a Large-Animal Model for Otology Research: Temporal Bone Extraction and Transmastoid Facial Recess Surgical Approach. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2023; 24:487-497. [PMID: 37684421 PMCID: PMC10695901 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-023-00907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sheep are used as a large-animal model for otology research and can be used to study implantable hearing devices. However, a method for temporal bone extraction in sheep, which enables various experiments, has not been described, and literature on middle ear access is limited. We describe a method for temporal bone extraction and an extended facial recess surgical approach to the middle ear in sheep. METHODS Ten temporal bones from five Hampshire sheep head cadavers were extracted using an oscillating saw. After craniotomy and removal of the brain, a coronal cut was made at the posterior aspect of the orbit followed by a midsagittal cut of the occipital bone and disarticulation of the atlanto-occipital joint. Temporal bones were surgically prepared with an extended facial recess approach. Micro-CT scans of each temporal bone were obtained, and anatomic dimensions were measured. RESULTS Temporal bone extraction was successful in 10/10 temporal bones. Extended facial recess approach exposed the malleus, incus, stapes, and round window while preserving the facial nerve, with the following surgical considerations: minimally pneumatized mastoid; tegmen (superior limit of mastoid cavity) is low-lying and sits below temporal artery; chorda tympani sacrificed to optimize middle ear exposure; incus buttress does not obscure view of middle ear. Distance between the superior aspect of external auditory canal and tegmen was 2.7 (SD 0.9) mm. CONCLUSION We identified anatomic landmarks for temporal bone extraction and describe an extended facial recess approach in sheep that exposes the ossicles and round window. This approach is feasible for studying implantable hearing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Waring
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Alexander Chern
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Brandon J Vilarello
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Lang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Olson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Hideko Heidi Nakajima
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Martonos C, Gudea A, D’Amico G, Stan F, Stroe T. Morphological and morphometrical anatomy of the auditory ossicles in roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2113158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Martonos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A. Gudea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - G. D’Amico
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - F. Stan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - T. Stroe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Boullaud L, Blasco H, Caillaud E, Emond P, Bakhos D. Immediate-Early Modifications to the Metabolomic Profile of the Perilymph Following an Acoustic Trauma in a Sheep Model. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164668. [PMID: 36012907 PMCID: PMC9409969 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss remain unknown. Identifying biomarkers of noise-induced hearing loss may increase the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of deafness, allow for a more precise diagnosis, and inform personalized treatment. Emerging techniques such as metabolomics can help to identify these biomarkers. The objective of the present study was to investigate immediate-early changes in the perilymph metabolome following acoustic trauma. Metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry to analyze metabolic changes in perilymph associated with noise-induced hearing loss. Sheep (n = 6) were exposed to a noise designed to induce substantial hearing loss. Perilymph was collected before and after acoustic trauma. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and a supervised multivariate analysis based on partial least squares discriminant analysis. A metabolomic analysis showed an abundance of 213 metabolites. Four metabolites were significantly changed following acoustic trauma (Urocanate (p = 0.004, FC = 0.48), S-(5’-Adenosyl)-L-Homocysteine (p = 0.06, FC = 2.32), Trigonelline (p = 0.06, FC = 0.46) and N-Acetyl-L-Leucine (p = 0.09, FC = 2.02)). The approach allowed for the identification of new metabolites and metabolic pathways involved with acoustic trauma that were associated with auditory impairment (nerve damage, mechanical destruction, and oxidative stress). The results suggest that metabolomics provides a powerful approach to characterize inner ear metabolites which may lead to identification of new therapies and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Boullaud
- ENT Department and Cervico-Facial Surgery, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
- INSERM U1253, iBrain, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-02-4747-4747
| | - Hélène Blasco
- INSERM U1253, iBrain, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
- Faculty of Medecine, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Eliott Caillaud
- ENT Department and Cervico-Facial Surgery, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- INSERM U1253, iBrain, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
- Faculty of Medecine, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - David Bakhos
- ENT Department and Cervico-Facial Surgery, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
- INSERM U1253, iBrain, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
- Faculty of Medecine, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
- House Institute Foundation, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Wang J, He A, Yin D, Zhu Y, Zhou G, Zhang T. Comparative study of the external auditory canal in humans and large mammals. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 305:436-445. [PMID: 34050614 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Given the limited source of human external auditory canal (EAC) skin, animal experiments remain an important approach for studying functional EAC reconstruction. However, differences between humans and animals in terms of the general EAC structure, histological characteristics of EAC skin, and cell markers of its specific glands in cartilaginous EAC skin remain unknown. We compared the characteristics of the EAC between humans and large animals, as a basis for appropriate animal model selection. Temporal bone computed tomography was used to compare the EACs of humans, goats, pigs, and dogs. EAC skin samples were harvested and their histological characteristics evaluated. The skin's ultrastructure and the histological structure of specific glands and cell markers related to cell phenotype and function were further identified. The EAC structure in goats was similar to that in humans in terms of diameter, length, and cartilaginous segment ratio of the EAC, while that of pigs and dogs differed markedly. Furthermore, histological evaluation showed that there were abundant ceruminous and sebaceous glands in the goat's cartilaginous skin, while dogs and pigs showed notably fewer of these glands in cartilaginous skin than humans. Nevertheless, ceruminous glands in all species studied showed similar expression of cell biomarkers and secretion function. Goats might have advantages in terms of surgery and reconstruction of the functional EAC skin compared to dogs and pigs and can be a useful candidate for ceruminous gland cell sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijuan He
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongming Yin
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Zhu
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, China
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Characterization of the Sheep Round Window Membrane. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2020; 22:1-17. [PMID: 33258054 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratympanic injection is a clinically used approach to locally deliver therapeutic molecules to the inner ear. Drug diffusion, at least in part, is presumed to occur through the round window membrane (RWM), one of the two openings to the inner ear. Previous studies in human temporal bones have identified a three-layered structure of the RWM with a thickness of 70-100 μm. This is considerably thicker than the RWM in rodents, which are mostly used to model RWM permeability and assess drug uptake. The sheep has been suggested as a large animal model for inner ear research given the similarities in structure and frequency range for hearing. Here, we report the structure of the sheep RWM. The RWM is anchored within the round window niche (average vertical diameter of 2.1 ± 0.3 mm and horizontal diameter of 2.3 ± 0.4 mm) and has a curvature that leans towards the scala tympani. The centre of the RWM is the thinnest (55-71 μm), with increasing thickness towards the edges (< 171 μm), where the RWM forms tight attachments to the surrounding bony niche. The layered RWM structure, including an outer epithelial layer, middle connective tissue and inner epithelial layer, was identified with cellular features such as wavy fibre bundles, melanocytes and blood vessels. An attached "meshwork structure" which extends over the cochlear aqueduct was seen, as in humans. The striking anatomical similarities between sheep and human RWM suggest that sheep may be evaluated as a more appropriate system to predict RWM permeability and drug delivery in humans than rodent models.
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Péus D, Dobrev I, Pfiffner F, Sim JH. Comparison of sheep and human middle-ear ossicles: anatomy and inertial properties. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2020; 206:683-700. [PMID: 32564138 PMCID: PMC7392934 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-020-01430-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The sheep middle ear has been used in training to prepare physicians to perform surgeries and to test new ways of surgical access. This study aimed to (1) collect anatomical data and inertial properties of the sheep middle-ear ossicles and (2) explore effects of these features on sound transmission, in comparison to those of the human. Characteristic dimensions and inertial properties of the middle-ear ossicles of White-Alpine sheep (n = 11) were measured from high-resolution micro-CT data, and were assessed in comparison with the corresponding values of the human middle ear. The sheep middle-ear ossicles differed from those of human in several ways: anteroinferior orientation of the malleus handle, relatively small size of the incus with a relatively short distance to the lenticular process, a large area of the articular surfaces at the incudostapedial joint, and a relatively small moment of inertia along the anterior-posterior axis. Analysis in this study suggests that structure and orientation of the middle-ear ossicles in the sheep are conducive to an increase in the hinge-like ossicular-lever-action around the anterior-posterior axis. Considering the substantial anatomical differences, outcomes of middle-ear surgeries would presumably be difficult to assess from experiments using the sheep middle ear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivo Dobrev
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck, Surgery University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flurin Pfiffner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck, Surgery University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jae Hoon Sim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck, Surgery University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Packaging Technology for an Implantable Inner Ear MEMS Microphone. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19204487. [PMID: 31623215 PMCID: PMC6832568 DOI: 10.3390/s19204487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Current cochlear implant (CI) systems provide substantial benefits for patients with severe hearing loss. However, they do not allow for 24/7 hearing, mainly due to the external parts that cannot be worn in all everyday situations. One of the key missing parts for a totally implantable CI (TICI) is the microphone, which thus far has not been implantable. The goal of the current project was to develop a concept for a packaging technology for state-of-the-art microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) microphones that record the liquid-borne sound inside the inner ear (cochlea) as a microphone signal input for a TICI. The packaging concept incorporates requirements, such as biocompatibility, long-term hermeticity, a high sensing performance and a form factor that allows sensing inside the human cochlea and full integration into the existing CI electrode array. The present paper (1) describes the sensor packaging concept and the corresponding numerical and experimental design verification process and (2) gives insight into new engineering solutions for sensor packaging. Overall, a packaging concept was developed that enables MEMS microphone technology to be used for a TICI system.
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10
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Musk GC, Kershaw H, Tano K, Niklasson A, von Unge M, Dilley RJ. Reactions to Gudair® vaccination identified in sheep used for biomedical research. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:56-60. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GC Musk
- Animal Care Services; The University of Western Australia; M720, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia
| | - H Kershaw
- Animal Care Services; The University of Western Australia; M720, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia
| | - K Tano
- Department of Clinical Science, Otorhinolaryngology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - A Niklasson
- Department of Clinical Science, Otorhinolaryngology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - M von Unge
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Division of Surgery, University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Akershus University Hospital; Lorenskog Norway
| | - RJ Dilley
- Ear Sciences Centre; School of Medicine, the University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
- Ear Science Institute Australia; Subiaco WA Australia
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Guan M, Zhang J, Jia Y, Cao X, Lou X, Li Y, Gao X. Middle ear structure and transcanal approach appropriate for middle ear surgery in rabbits. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1248-1255. [PMID: 30679999 PMCID: PMC6327628 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the middle ear structure and surgical approach appropriate for middle ear surgery in rabbits. A total of eight healthy New Zealand rabbits (16 ears) were dissected under a surgical microscope. The dimensions of the auditory canal and the middle ear were measured. In the present study, the transcanal surgical approach to the middle ear in rabbits was performed without complications, the anatomical landmarks in the auricle and the external auditory canal were apparent, no large vessels were present in the surgical zone and the bleeding was minor. Furthermore, the surgical procedure did not require removal of large bone sections of the external auditory canal. Additionally, the constitution of the ossicular chain, the leverage ratio of the ossicular chain and the constitution of ligaments and muscles in rabbits were similar to humans. Otherwise, the facial nerve canal in rabbits was more prominent compared with humans and the mobility of pars flaccida in rabbits was more noticeable compared with humans. The results of the current study indicate that the transcanal surgical approach was suitable to study the middle ear in rabbits. Furthermore, the rabbit middle ear may be used as a model for ossicular surgery and facial nerve research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Yuezhi Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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Pfiffner F, Prochazka L, Dobrev I, Klein K, Sulser P, Péus D, Sim JH, Dalbert A, Röösli C, Obrist D, Huber A. Proof of Concept for an Intracochlear Acoustic Receiver for Use in Acute Large Animal Experiments. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18103565. [PMID: 30347862 PMCID: PMC6210337 DOI: 10.3390/s18103565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The measurement of intracochlear sound pressure (ICSP) is relevant to obtain better understanding of the biomechanics of hearing. The goal of this work was a proof of concept of a partially implantable intracochlear acoustic receiver (ICAR) fulfilling all requirements for acute ICSP measurements in a large animal. The ICAR was designed not only to be used in chronic animal experiments but also as a microphone for totally implantable cochlear implants (TICI). (2) Methods: The ICAR concept was based on a commercial MEMS condenser microphone customized with a protective diaphragm that provided a seal and optimized geometry for accessing the cochlea. The ICAR was validated under laboratory conditions and using in-vivo experiments in sheep. (3) Results: For the first time acute ICSP measurements were successfully performed in a live specimen that is representative of the anatomy and physiology of the human. Data obtained are in agreement with published data from cadavers. The surgeons reported high levels of ease of use and satisfaction with the system design. (4) Conclusions: Our results confirm that the developed ICAR can be used to measure ICSP in acute experiments. The next generation of the ICAR will be used in chronic sheep experiments and in TICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flurin Pfiffner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lukas Prochazka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ivo Dobrev
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Karina Klein
- Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Patrizia Sulser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dominik Péus
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jae Hoon Sim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Adrian Dalbert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Christof Röösli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dominik Obrist
- ARTORG Center, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Alexander Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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