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He Y, Chen Z, Liu Q, Li Z, Wen D, Zhang H, Zhang M, Jiang D, Li H, Wen L, Chen G. Reversible opening of the blood-labyrinth barrier by low-pressure pulsed ultrasound and microbubbles for the treatment of inner ear diseases. J Control Release 2024; 372:318-330. [PMID: 38906419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Systemic drug administration provides convenience and non-invasive benefits for preventing and treating inner ear diseases. However, the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) restricts the transport of drugs to inner ear tissues. Ultrasound can stimulate specific areas and penetrate tissues, with the potential to overcome physiological barriers. We present a novel strategy based on low-pressure pulsed ultrasound assisted by microbubbles (USMB) to transiently open the BLB and deliver therapeutics into the inner ear. A pulsed ultrasound device with adjustable pressure was established; the generated ultrasound was transmitted through the external auditory canal into the guinea pig's inner ear. We observed that the application of microbubbles allowed the use of safe and efficient ultrasound conditions to penetrate the BLB. We found that USMB-mediated BLB opening seemed to be associated with a reduced expression of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and occludin. Following intravenous administration, hydrophilic dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP), hydrophobic curcumin (CUR), as well as drug-loaded nanoparticles (Fe3O4@CUR NPs) could be efficiently delivered into the inner ear. We observed better drug accumulation in the perilymph of the inner ear, resulting in less drug (cisplatin)-induced ototoxicity. Furthermore, physiological, hematological, and histological studies showed that the modulation of the BLB by low-pressure USMB was a safe process without significant adverse effects. We conclude that USMB could become a promising strategy for the systematic delivery of therapeutics in the treatment of inner ear diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qinglang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dingsheng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Sunho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Di Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Huaan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Yi X, Guo L, Zeng Q, Huang S, Wen D, Wang C, Kou Y, Zhang M, Li H, Wen L, Chen G. Magnetic/Acoustic Dual-Controlled Microrobot Overcoming Oto-Biological Barrier for On-Demand Multidrug Delivery against Hearing Loss. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401369. [PMID: 39016116 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug combination therapy in the inner ear faces diverse challenges due to the distinct physicochemical properties of drugs and the difficulties of overcoming the oto-biologic barrier. Although nanomedicine platforms offer potential solutions to multidrug delivery, the access of drugs to the inner ear remains limited. Micro/nanomachines, capable of delivering cargo actively, are promising tools for overcoming bio-barriers. Herein, a novel microrobot-based strategy to penetrate the round window membrane (RWM) is presented and multidrug in on-demand manner is delivered. The tube-type microrobot (TTMR) is constructed using the template-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of chitosan/ferroferric oxide/silicon dioxide (CS/Fe3O4/SiO2) and loaded with anti-ototoxic drugs (curcumin, CUR and tanshinone IIA, TSA) and perfluorohexane (PFH). Fe3O4 provides magnetic actuation, while PFH ensures acoustic propulsion. Upon ultrasound stimulation, the vaporization of PFH enables a microshotgun-like behavior, propelling the drugs through barriers and driving them into the inner ear. Notably, the proportion of drugs entering the inner ear can be precisely controlled by varying the feeding ratios. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrate that the drug-loaded microrobot exhibits superior protective effects and excellent biosafety toward cisplatin (CDDP)-induced hearing loss. Overall, the microrobot-based strategy provides a promising direction for on-demand multidrug delivery for ear diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Suling Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dingsheng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Kou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Sunho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Zhongshan, 528437, P. R. China
| | - Huaan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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Xu K, Du Y, Xu B, Huang Y, Feng W, Yu D, Chen Y, Wang X. Gelatin-Encapsulated Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure Enhances Cellular Internalization for Treating Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310604. [PMID: 38329190 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery strategies have emerged as a crucial avenue for comprehensive sensorineural hearing loss treatment. Nevertheless, developing therapy vectors crossing both biological and cellular barriers has encountered significant challenges deriving from various external factors. Herein, the rational integration of gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) with tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) to engineer a distinct drug-delivery nanosystem (designed as TDN@GNP) efficiently enhances the biological permeability and cellular internalization, further resolving the dilemma of noise-induced hearing loss via loading epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with anti-lipid peroxidation property. Rationally engineering of TDN@GNP demonstrates dramatic alterations in the physicochemical key parameters of TDNs that are pivotal in cell-particle interactions and promote cellular uptake through multiple endocytic pathways. Furthermore, the EGCG-loaded nanosystem (TDN-EGCG@GNP) facilitates efficient inner ear drug delivery by superior permeability through the biological barrier (round window membrane), maintaining high drug concentration within the inner ear. The TDN-EGCG@GNP actively overcomes the cell membrane, exhibiting hearing protection from noise insults via reduced lipid peroxidation in outer hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. This work exemplifies how integrating diverse vector functionalities can overcome biological and cellular barriers in the inner ear, offering promising applications for inner ear disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200100, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Du
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200100, P. R. China
| | - Baoying Xu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Dehong Yu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xueling Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200100, P. R. China
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Perin P, Cossellu D, Vivado E, Batti L, Gantar I, Voigt FF, Pizzala R. Temporal bone marrow of the rat and its connections to the inner ear. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1386654. [PMID: 38817550 PMCID: PMC11137668 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1386654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Calvarial bone marrow has been found to be central in the brain immune response, being connected to the dura through channels which allow leukocyte trafficking. Temporal bone marrow is thought to play important roles in relation to the inner ear, but is still largely uncharacterized, given this bone complex anatomy. We characterized the geometry and connectivity of rat temporal bone marrow using lightsheet imaging of cleared samples and microCT. Bone marrow was identified in cleared tissue by cellular content (and in particular by the presence of megakaryocytes); since air-filled cavities are absent in rodents, marrow clusters could be recognized in microCT scans by their geometry. In cleared petrosal bone, autofluorescence allowed delineation of the otic capsule layers. Within the endochondral layer, bone marrow was observed in association to the cochlear base and vestibule, and to the cochlear apex. Cochlear apex endochondral marrow (CAEM) was a separated cluster from the remaining endochondral marrow, which was therefore defined as "vestibular endochondral marrow" (VEM). A much larger marrow island (petrosal non-endochondral marrow, PNEM) extended outside the otic capsule surrounding semicircular canal arms. PNEM was mainly connected to the dura, through bone channels similar to those of calvarial bone, and only a few channels were directed toward the canal periosteum. On the contrary, endochondral bone marrow was well connected to the labyrinth through vascular loops (directed to the spiral ligament for CAEM and to the bony labyrinth periosteum for VEM), and to dural sinuses. In addition, CAEM was also connected to the tensor tympani fossa of the middle ear and VEM to the endolymphatic sac. Endochondral marrow was made up of small lobules connected to each other and to other structures by channels lined by elongated macrophages, whereas PNEM displayed larger lobules connected by channels with a sparse macrophage population. Our data suggest that the rat inner ear is surrounded by bone marrow at the junctions with middle ear and brain, most likely with "customs" role, restricting pathogen spread; a second marrow network with different structural features is found within the endochondral bone layer of the otic capsule and may play different functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perin
- Department of Brain and Behaviour Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Cossellu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Vivado
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Batti
- Wyss Center for Bio and Neuro Engineering, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ivana Gantar
- Wyss Center for Bio and Neuro Engineering, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabian F. Voigt
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Roberto Pizzala
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Pasdelou MP, Byelyayeva L, Malmström S, Pucheu S, Peytavy M, Laullier H, Hodges DB, Tzafriri AR, Naert G. Ototoxicity: a high risk to auditory function that needs to be monitored in drug development. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1379743. [PMID: 38756707 PMCID: PMC11096496 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1379743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss constitutes a major global health concern impacting approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide. Its incidence is undergoing a substantial surge with some projecting that by 2050, a quarter of the global population will experience varying degrees of hearing deficiency. Environmental factors such as aging, exposure to loud noise, and the intake of ototoxic medications are implicated in the onset of acquired hearing loss. Ototoxicity resulting in inner ear damage is a leading cause of acquired hearing loss worldwide. This could be minimized or avoided by early testing of hearing functions in the preclinical phase of drug development. While the assessment of ototoxicity is well defined for drug candidates in the hearing field - required for drugs that are administered by the otic route and expected to reach the middle or inner ear during clinical use - ototoxicity testing is not required for all other therapeutic areas. Unfortunately, this has resulted in more than 200 ototoxic marketed medications. The aim of this publication is to raise awareness of drug-induced ototoxicity and to formulate some recommendations based on available guidelines and own experience. Ototoxicity testing programs should be adapted to the type of therapy, its indication (targeting the ear or part of other medications classes being potentially ototoxic), and the number of assets to test. For multiple molecules and/or multiple doses, screening options are available: in vitro (otic cell assays), ex vivo (cochlear explant), and in vivo (in zebrafish). In assessing the ototoxicity of a candidate drug, it is good practice to compare its ototoxicity to that of a well-known control drug of a similar class. Screening assays provide a streamlined and rapid method to know whether a drug is generally safe for inner ear structures. Mammalian animal models provide a more detailed characterization of drug ototoxicity, with a possibility to localize and quantify the damage using functional, behavioral, and morphological read-outs. Complementary histological measures are routinely conducted notably to quantify hair cells loss with cochleogram. Ototoxicity studies can be performed in rodents (mice, rats), guinea pigs and large species. However, in undertaking, or at the very least attempting, all preclinical investigations within the same species, is crucial. This encompasses starting with pharmacokinetics and pharmacology efficacy studies and extending through to toxicity studies. In life read-outs include Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Distortion Product OtoAcoustic Emissions (DPOAE) measurements that assess the activity and integrity of sensory cells and the auditory nerve, reflecting sensorineural hearing loss. Accurate, reproducible, and high throughput ABR measures are fundamental to the quality and success of these preclinical trials. As in humans, in vivo otoscopic evaluations are routinely carried out to observe the tympanic membrane and auditory canal. This is often done to detect signs of inflammation. The cochlea is a tonotopic structure. Hair cell responsiveness is position and frequency dependent, with hair cells located close to the cochlea apex transducing low frequencies and those at the base transducing high frequencies. The cochleogram aims to quantify hair cells all along the cochlea and consequently determine hair cell loss related to specific frequencies. This measure is then correlated with the ABR & DPOAE results. Ototoxicity assessments evaluate the impact of drug candidates on the auditory and vestibular systems, de-risk hearing loss and balance disorders, define a safe dose, and optimize therapeutic benefits. These types of studies can be initiated during early development of a therapeutic solution, with ABR and otoscopic evaluations. Depending on the mechanism of action of the compound, studies can include DPOAE and cochleogram. Later in the development, a GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) ototoxicity study may be required based on otic related route of administration, target, or known potential otic toxicity.
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Jin X, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zheng H, Ma X, Duan M, Yu L. Uptake of gadolinium and dexamethasone in rat inner ear and facial nerve using different administrations. Acta Otolaryngol 2024; 144:168-174. [PMID: 38753897 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2344807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathway by which drugs are injected subcutaneously behind the ear to act on the inner ear has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES To compare the uptake of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and dexamethasone (Dex) in the cochlea and facial nerve of rats following different administrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging was applied to observe the distribution of Gd-DTPA in the facial nerve and inner ear. We observed the uptake of Dex after it was injected with different methods. RESULTS Images of the intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) groups showed that the bilateral cochlea of the rat was visualized almost simultaneously. While in the left post-auricular (PA) injection group, it was asynchronous. The maximum accumulation (Cmax) of the Gd in the left facial nerve of the PA group (35.406 ± 5.32) was substantially higher than that of the IV group (16.765 ± 3.7542) (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Compared with systemic administration, PA has the advantages of long Gd and Dex action time and high accumulation concentration to treat facial nerve diseases. SIGNIFICANCE The distribution of Gd and Dex in the inner ear and facial nerve of rats following PA injection might be unique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yixu Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongwei Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Maoli Duan
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Audiology and Neurotology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisheng Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
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Xu M, Chen A, Chen D, Wu S, Deng Z, Wen H, Zhong H, Lu K, Tang J, Ma D, Zhang H. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro/vivo evaluation of a multifunctional electrode coating for cochlear implants. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213736. [PMID: 38128170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear implantation (CI) is the primary intervention for patients with sensorineural hearing loss to restore their hearing. However, approximately 90 % of CI recipients experience unexpected fibrosis around the inserted electrode arrays due to acute and chronic inflammation. This fibrosis leads to progressive residual hearing loss. Addressing this complication is crucial for enhancing CI outcomes, yet an effective treatment has not yet been found. In this study, we developed a multifunctional dexamethasone (DXM)-loaded polytrimethylene carbonate (PTMC) electrode coating to mitigate inflammatory reactions and fibrosis after CI. This thin and flexible coating could preserve the mechanical performance of the electrode and reduce the implantation resistance for CI. The in vitro release studies demonstrated the DXM-PTMC coating's efficient drug loading and sustained release capability over 90 days. DXM-PTMC also showed long-term stability, high biocompatibility, and effective anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Compared with the uncoated group, DXM-PTMC coating significantly inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors, such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. DXM-PTMC coating suppressed fibrosis in rat implantation models for 3 weeks by reducing both acute and chronic inflammation. Our findings suggest that DXM-PTMC coating is a novel strategy to improve the outcomes of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Ear Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Anning Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Ear Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Dongxiu Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Ear Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Shengquan Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhipeng Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Hang Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Huiling Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Kejin Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Ear Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Dong Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hongzheng Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Ear Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
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Korim F, Kuricová M, Vdoviaková K, Krešáková L. Fascinating wonderful network: Rete mirabile of the maxillary artery in cats - minireview. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:11-18. [PMID: 37525064 PMCID: PMC10811120 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Cats are one of the most common companion animals, and they differ from dogs in several important ways. Considering the central importance of anatomy in high-quality medicine, the treatment of the feline mandible, mostly during intraoral procedures requiring general anaesthesia, has many important features. In cats, the major artery of the brain is the maxillary artery that forms unique structure - the rete mirabile. The rete mirabile is a plexus like vascular structure that lies extracranially and communicates with brain arterial circle through the orbital fissure. The development of the brain vasculature is different in cats, and it includes obliteration mechanisms of the internal carotid artery. The course of the maxillary artery that forms the rete mirabile has a strong relationship to the angular process of the mandible. Emphasis should be placed on manipulation with the feline mandible, especially during open-mouth procedures, as mistakes can lead to blindness, deafness, and central neurological disorders due to compression of the maxillary artery by the angular process of the mandible. This paper focuses on the anatomy and function of the blood supply to the brain, which is very specific in domestic cats and other felids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Korim
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice, 041 81, Slovak Republic.
| | - Mária Kuricová
- Small Animal Clinic, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice, 041 81, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Vdoviaková
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice, 041 81, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Krešáková
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice, 041 81, Slovak Republic
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Lu J, Wang M, Meng Y, An W, Wang X, Sun G, Wang H, Liu W. Current advances in biomaterials for inner ear cell regeneration. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1334162. [PMID: 38282621 PMCID: PMC10811200 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1334162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Inner ear cell regeneration from stem/progenitor cells provides potential therapeutic strategies for the restoration of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), however, the efficiency of regeneration is low and the functions of differentiated cells are not yet mature. Biomaterials have been used in inner ear cell regeneration to construct a more physiologically relevant 3D culture system which mimics the stem cell microenvironment and facilitates cellular interactions. Currently, these biomaterials include hydrogel, conductive materials, magneto-responsive materials, photo-responsive materials, etc. We analyzed the characteristics and described the advantages and limitations of these materials. Furthermore, we reviewed the mechanisms by which biomaterials with different physicochemical properties act on the inner ear cell regeneration and depicted the current status of the material selection based on their characteristics to achieve the reconstruction of the auditory circuits. The application of biomaterials in inner ear cell regeneration offers promising opportunities for the reconstruction of the auditory circuits and the restoration of hearing, yet biomaterials should be strategically explored and combined according to the obstacles to be solved in the inner ear cell regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junze Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Weibin An
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Gaoying Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, China
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10
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Yang S, Wu Y, Cheng X, Zhang LW, Yu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y. Harnessing astaxanthin-loaded diselenium cross-linked apotransferrin nanoparticles for the treatment of secretory otitis media. J Control Release 2024; 365:398-411. [PMID: 38007194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Secretory otitis media (SOM) is a clinical condition characterized by the accumulation of fluids and oxidative stress in the middle ear, leading to hearing impairment and infection complications. One potential solution for mitigating oxidative stress associated with SOM is the use of antioxidants such as astaxanthin. However, its effectiveness is limited due to its poor bioavailability and rapid oxidation. Herein, we developed a novel diselenium-crosslinked apotransferrin enriched with astaxanthin (AST@dSe-AFT) nanoparticles to augment the transport of astaxanthin across biological membranes, resulting in increased bioavailability and reduced oxidative stress in SOM. Our research demonstrated that AST@dSe-AFT efficiently accumulated in the middle ear, allowing for controlled delivery of astaxanthin in response to reactive oxygen species and reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, AST@dSe-AFT stimulated macrophages to polarize towards M2 phenotype and neutrophils to polarize towards N2 phenotype, thereby facilitating an anti-inflammatory response and tissue restoration. Importantly, AST@dSe-AFT exhibited no toxicity or adverse effects, suggesting its potential for safety and future clinical translation. Our findings suggested that AST@dSe-AFT represents a promising approach for the treatment of secretory otitis media and other oxidative stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yanxian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaju Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Leshuai W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yangyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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11
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Micaletti F, Escoffre JM, Kerneis S, Bouakaz A, Galvin JJ, Boullaud L, Bakhos D. Microbubble-assisted ultrasound for inner ear drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115145. [PMID: 38042259 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Treating pathologies of the inner ear is a major challenge. To date, a wide range of procedures exists for administering therapeutic agents to the inner ear, with varying degrees of success. The key is to deliver therapeutics in a way that is minimally invasive, effective, long-lasting, and without adverse effects on vestibular and cochlear function. Microbubble-assisted ultrasound ("sonoporation") is a promising new modality that can be adapted to the inner ear. Combining ultrasound technology with microbubbles in the middle ear can increase the permeability of the round window, enabling therapeutic agents to be delivered safely and effectively to the inner ear in a targeted manner. As such, sonoporation is a promising new approach to treat hearing loss and vertigo. This review summarizes all studies on the delivery of therapeutic molecules to the inner ear using sonoporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Micaletti
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
| | | | - Sandrine Kerneis
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - John J Galvin
- Faculty of medicine, Université de Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
| | - Luc Boullaud
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - David Bakhos
- ENT and Cervico-Facial Surgery Department, University Hospital Center of Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; Faculty of medicine, Université de Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; House Institute Foundation, 2100 W 3rd Street, Suite 111, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA
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12
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Kaur C, Wu PZ, O'Malley JT, Liberman MC. Predicting Atrophy of the Cochlear Stria Vascularis from the Shape of the Threshold Audiogram. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8801-8811. [PMID: 37863653 PMCID: PMC10727192 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1138-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have suggested that steeply sloping audiometric losses are caused by hair cell degeneration, while flat audiometric losses are caused by strial atrophy, but this concept has never been rigorously tested in human specimens. Here, we systematically compare audiograms and cochlear histopathology in 160 human cases from the archival collection of celloidin-embedded temporal bones at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear. The dataset included 106 cases from a prior study of normal-aging ears, and an additional 54 cases selected by combing the database for flat audiograms. Audiogram shapes were classified algorithmically into five groups according to the relation between flatness (i.e., SD of hearing levels across all frequencies) and low-frequency pure-tone average (i.e., mean at 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 kHz). Outer and inner hair cell losses, neural degeneration, and strial atrophy were all quantified as a function of cochlear location in each case. Results showed that strial atrophy was worse in the apical than the basal half of the cochlea and was worse in females than in males. The degree of strial atrophy was uncorrelated with audiogram flatness. Apical atrophy was correlated with low-frequency thresholds and basal atrophy with high-frequency thresholds, and the former correlation was higher. However, a multivariable regression with all histopathological measures as predictors and audiometric thresholds as the outcome showed that strial atrophy was a significant predictor of threshold shift only in the low-frequency region, and, even there, the contribution of outer hair cell damage was larger.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Cochlear pathology can only be assessed postmortem; thus, human cochlear histopathology is critical to our understanding of the mechanisms of hearing loss. Dogma holds that relative damage to sensory cells, which transduce mechanical vibration into electrical signals, versus the stria vascularis, the cellular battery that powers transduction, can be inferred by the shape of the audiogram, that is, down-sloping (hair cell damage) versus flat (strial atrophy). Here we quantified hair cell and strial atrophy in 160 human specimens to show that it is the degree of low-frequency hearing loss, rather than the audiogram slope, that predicts strial atrophy. Results are critical to the design of clinical trials for hearing-loss therapeutics, as current drugs target only hair cell, not strial, regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanjeet Kaur
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Pei-Zhe Wu
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Jennifer T O'Malley
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Otopathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - M Charles Liberman
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Otopathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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13
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Li W, Zheng N, Zhou Q, Alqahtani MS, Elkamchouchi DH, Zhao H, Lin S. A state-of-the-art analysis of pharmacological delivery and artificial intelligence techniques for inner ear disease treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116457. [PMID: 37459944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, both the academic and therapeutic fields have seen significant progress in the delivery of drugs to the inner ear due to recent delivery methods established for the systemic administration of drugs in inner ear treatment. Novel technologies such as nanoparticles and hydrogels are being investigated, in addition to the traditional treatment methods. Intracochlear devices, which utilize current developments in microsystems technology, are on the horizon of inner ear drug delivery methods and are designed to provide medicine directly into the inner ear. These devices are used for stem cell treatment, RNA interference, and the delivery of neurotrophic factors and steroids during cochlear implantation. An in-depth analysis of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in pharmaceutical research may be found in ANNs for Drug Delivery, Design, and Disposition. This prediction tool has a great deal of promise to assist researchers in more successfully designing, developing, and delivering successful medications because of its capacity to learn and self-correct in a very complicated environment. ANN achieved a high level of accuracy exceeding 0.90, along with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 100%, in accurately distinguishing illness. Additionally, the ANN model provided nearly perfect measures of 0.99%. Nanoparticles exhibit potential as a viable therapeutic approach for bacterial infections that are challenging to manage, such as otitis media. The utilization of ANNs has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of nanoparticle therapy, particularly in the realm of automated identification of otitis media. Polymeric nanoparticles have demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of prevalent bacterial infections in pediatric patients, suggesting significant potential for forthcoming therapeutic interventions. Finally, this study is based on a research of how inner ear diseases have been treated in the last ten years (2012-2022) using machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Li
- Ruian People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, 325200, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Ruian People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, 325200, China
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Dalia H Elkamchouchi
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huajun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Sen Lin
- Ruian People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, 325200, China.
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14
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Isgrig K, Cartagena-Rivera AX, Wang HJ, Grati M, Fernandez KA, Friedman TB, Belyantseva IA, Chien W. Combined AAV-mediated gene replacement therapy improves auditory function in a mouse model of human DFNB42 deafness. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2783-2795. [PMID: 37481704 PMCID: PMC10492026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common disorder affecting nearly 20% of the world's population. Recently, studies have shown that inner ear gene therapy can improve auditory function in several mouse models of hereditary hearing loss. In most of these studies, the underlying mutations affect only a small number of cell types of the inner ear (e.g., sensory hair cells). Here, we applied inner ear gene therapy to the Ildr1Gt(D178D03)Wrst (Ildr1w-/-) mouse, a model of human DFNB42, non-syndromic autosomal recessive hereditary hearing loss associated with ILDR1 variants. ILDR1 is an integral protein of the tricellular tight junction complex and is expressed by diverse inner ear cell types in the organ of Corti and the cochlear lateral wall. We simultaneously applied two synthetic adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) with different tropism to deliver Ildr1 cDNA to the Ildr1w-/- mouse inner ear: one targeting the organ of Corti (AAV2.7m8) and the other targeting the cochlear lateral wall (AAV8BP2). We showed that combined AAV2.7m8/AAV8BP2 gene therapy improves cochlear structural integrity and auditory function in Ildr1w-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Isgrig
- Inner Ear Gene Therapy Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander X Cartagena-Rivera
- Section on Mechanobiology, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong Jun Wang
- Inner Ear Gene Therapy Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mhamed Grati
- Inner Ear Gene Therapy Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katharine A Fernandez
- Section on Sensory Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Inna A Belyantseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wade Chien
- Inner Ear Gene Therapy Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Lehner E, Honeder C, Knolle W, Binder W, Scheffler J, Plontke SK, Liebau A, Mäder K. Towards the optimization of drug delivery to the cochlear apex: Influence of polymer and drug selection in biodegradable intracochlear implants. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123268. [PMID: 37488058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
There is growing need for new drug delivery systems for intracochlear application of drugs to effectively treat inner ear disorders. In this study, we describe the development and characterization of biodegradable, triamcinolone-loaded implants based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA) respectively, prepared by hot-melt extrusion. PEG 1500 was used as a plasticizer to improve flexibility and accelerate drug release. The sterilization process was performed by electron beam irradiation, resulting in minimal but acceptable polymer degradation for PEG-PLGA implants. The implants have been characterized by texture analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction. Compared to PLGA implants, PEG-PLGA implants offer similar flexibility but with improved mechanical stability, which will ease the handling and intracochlear application. A controlled release over three months was observed for dexamethasone and triamcinolone extrudates (drug load of 10%) with similar release profiles for both drugs. PEG-PLGA implants showed an initial slow release rate over several days regardless of the amount of PEG added. Mathematical simulations of the pharmacokinetics of the inner ear based on the in vitro release kinetics indicate a complete distribution of triamcinolone in the whole human scala tympani, which underlines the high potential of the developed formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lehner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - C Honeder
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - W Knolle
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - J Scheffler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - S K Plontke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Halle Research Centre for Drug Therapy (HRCDT), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Liebau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - K Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Halle Research Centre for Drug Therapy (HRCDT), Halle (Saale), Germany
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16
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Moatti A, Silkstone D, Martin T, Abbey K, Hutson KA, Fitzpatrick DC, Zdanski CJ, Cheng AG, Ligler FS, Greenbaum A. Assessment of drug permeability through an ex vivo porcine round window membrane model. iScience 2023; 26:106789. [PMID: 37213232 PMCID: PMC10197016 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Delivery of pharmaceutical therapeutics to the inner ear to treat and prevent hearing loss is challenging. Systemic delivery is not effective as only a small fraction of the therapeutic agent reaches the inner ear. Invasive surgeries to inject through the round window membrane (RWM) or cochleostomy may cause damage to the inner ear. An alternative approach is to administer drugs into the middle ear using an intratympanic injection, with the drugs primarily passing through the RWM to the inner ear. However, the RWM is a barrier, only permeable to a small number of molecules. To study and enhance the RWM permeability, we developed an ex vivo porcine RWM model, similar in structure and thickness to the human RWM. The model is viable for days, and drug passage can be measured at multiple time points. This model provides a straightforward approach to developing effective and non-invasive delivery methods to the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Moatti
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Dylan Silkstone
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Taylor Martin
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Keith Abbey
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Kendall A Hutson
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Douglas C Fitzpatrick
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Carlton J Zdanski
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alan G Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Frances S Ligler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Alon Greenbaum
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Corresponding author
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17
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Yildiz E, Gadenstaetter AJ, Gerlitz M, Landegger LD, Liepins R, Nieratschker M, Glueckert R, Staecker H, Honeder C, Arnoldner C. Investigation of inner ear drug delivery with a cochlear catheter in piglets as a representative model for human cochlear pharmacokinetics. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1062379. [PMID: 36969846 PMCID: PMC10034346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1062379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing impairment is the most common sensory disorder in humans, and yet hardly any medications are licensed for the treatment of inner ear pathologies. Intricate pharmacokinetic examinations to better understand drug distribution within this complex organ could facilitate the development of novel therapeutics. For such translational research projects, animal models are indispensable, but differences in inner ear dimensions and other anatomical features complicate the transfer of experimental results to the clinic. The gap between rodents and humans may be bridged using larger animal models such as non-human primates. However, their use is challenging and impeded by administrative, regulatory, and financial hurdles. Other large animal models with more human-like inner ear dimensions are scarce. In this study, we analyzed the inner ears of piglets as a potential representative model for the human inner ear and established a surgical approach for intracochlear drug application and subsequent apical sampling. Further, controlled intracochlear delivery of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d) was carried out after the insertion of a novel, clinically applicable CE-marked cochlear catheter through the round window membrane. Two, six, and 24 hours after a single injection with this device, the intracochlear FITC-d distribution was determined in sequential perilymph samples. The fluorometrically assessed concentrations two hours after injection were compared to the FITC-d content in control groups, which either had been injected with a simple needle puncture through the round window membrane or the cochlear catheter in combination with a stapes vent hole. Our findings demonstrate not only significantly increased apical FITC-d concentrations when using the cochlear catheter but also higher total concentrations in all perilymph samples. Additionally, the concentration decreased after six and 24 hours and showed a more homogenous distribution compared to shorter observation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Yildiz
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anselm J. Gadenstaetter
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Gerlitz
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas D. Landegger
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolfs Liepins
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Nieratschker
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Glueckert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Clemens Honeder
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Arnoldner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Christoph Arnoldner,
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18
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Barrallo-Gimeno A, Llorens J. Hair cell toxicology: With the help of a little fish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1085225. [PMID: 36582469 PMCID: PMC9793777 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1085225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing or balance loss are disabling conditions that have a serious impact in those suffering them, especially when they appear in children. Their ultimate cause is frequently the loss of function of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear. Hair cells can be damaged by environmental insults, like noise or chemical agents, known as ototoxins. Two of the most common ototoxins are life-saving medications: cisplatin against solid tumors, and aminoglycoside antibiotics to treat infections. However, due to their localization inside the temporal bone, hair cells are difficult to study in mammals. As an alternative animal model, zebrafish larvae have hair cells similar to those in mammals, some of which are located in a fish specific organ on the surface of the skin, the lateral line. This makes them easy to observe in vivo and readily accessible for ototoxins or otoprotective substances. These features have made possible advances in the study of the mechanisms mediating ototoxicity or identifying new potential ototoxins. Most importantly, the small size of the zebrafish larvae has allowed screening thousands of molecules searching for otoprotective agents in a scale that would be highly impractical in rodent models. The positive hits found can then start the long road to reach clinical settings to prevent hearing or balance loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Barrallo-Gimeno
- Department de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,*Correspondence: Alejandro Barrallo-Gimeno,
| | - Jordi Llorens
- Department de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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19
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Kashizadeh A, Pastras C, Rabiee N, Mohseni-Dargah M, Mukherjee P, Asadnia M. Potential nanotechnology-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for Meniere's disease. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 46:102599. [PMID: 36064032 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Meniere's disease (MD) is a progressive inner ear disorder involving recurrent and prolonged episodes or attacks of vertigo with associated symptoms, resulting in a significantly reduced quality of life for sufferers. In most cases, MD starts in one ear; however, in one-third of patients, the disorder progresses to the other ear. Unfortunately, the etiology of the disease is unknown, making the development of effective treatments difficult. Nanomaterials, including nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocarriers, offer an array of novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications related to MD. NPs have specific features such as biocompatibility, biochemical stability, targetability, and enhanced visualization using imaging tools. This paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of recent advancements in nanotechnology-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for MD. Furthermore, the crucial challenges adversely affecting the use of nanoparticles to treat middle ear disorders are investigated. Finally, this paper provides recommendations and future directions for improving the performances of nanomaterials on theragnostic applications of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Kashizadeh
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Christopher Pastras
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; The Menière's Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Masoud Mohseni-Dargah
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payal Mukherjee
- RPA Institute of Academic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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20
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Plontke SK, Liebau A, Lehner E, Bethmann D, Mäder K, Rahne T. Safety and audiological outcome in a case series of tertiary therapy of sudden hearing loss with a biodegradable drug delivery implant for controlled release of dexamethasone to the inner ear. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:892777. [PMID: 36203796 PMCID: PMC9530574 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.892777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intratympanic injections of glucocorticoids have become increasingly common in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL). However, due to their fast elimination, sustained applications have been suggested for local drug delivery to the inner ear. Materials and methods The study is based on a retrospective chart review of patients treated for ISSHL at a single tertiary (university) referral center. We included patients who were treated with a solid, biodegradable, poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based drug delivery system providing sustained delivery of dexamethasone extracochlear into the round window niche (n = 15) or intracochlear into scala tympani (n = 2) for tertiary therapy of ISSHL in patients without serviceable hearing after primary systemic and secondary intratympanic glucocorticoid therapy. We evaluated the feasibility and safety through clinical evaluation, histological examination, and functional tests [pure-tone threshold (PTA), word recognition scores (WRS)]. Results With adequate surgical preparation of the round window niche, implantation was feasible in all patients. Histologic examination of the material in the round window niche showed signs of resorption without relevant inflammation or foreign body reaction to the implant. In patients where the basal part of scala tympani was assessable during later cochlear implantation, no pathological findings were found. In the patients with extracochlear application, average preoperative PTA was 84.7 dB HL (SD: 20.0) and 76.7 dB HL (SD: 16.7) at follow-up (p = 0.08). The preoperative average maximum WRS was 14.6% (SD: 17.9) and 39.3% (SD: 30.7) at follow-up (p = 0.11). Six patients (40%), however, reached serviceable hearing. The two patients with intracochlear application did not improve. Conclusion The extracochlear application of the controlled release system in the round window niche and – based on limited observations - intracochlear implantation into scala tympani appears feasible and safe. Due to the uncontrolled study design, conclusions about the efficacy of the treatment are limited. These observations, however, may encourage the initiation of prospective controlled studies using biodegradable controlled release implants as drug delivery systems for the treatment of inner ear diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan K. Plontke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stefan K. Plontke,
| | - Arne Liebau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Eric Lehner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Daniel Bethmann
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Torsten Rahne
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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21
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The Augmented Cochlear Implant: a Convergence of Drugs and Cochlear Implantation for the Treatment of Hearing Loss. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-022-00426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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22
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Hearing loss drug discovery and medicinal chemistry: Current status, challenges, and opportunities. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 61:1-91. [PMID: 35753714 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a severe high unmet need condition affecting more than 1.5 billion people globally. There are no licensed medicines for the prevention, treatment or restoration of hearing. Prosthetic devices, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, do not restore natural hearing and users struggle with speech in the presence of background noise. Hearing loss drug discovery is immature, and small molecule approaches include repurposing existing drugs, combination therapeutics, late-stage discovery optimisation of known chemotypes for identified molecular targets of interest, phenotypic tissue screening and high-throughput cell-based screening. Hearing loss drug discovery requires the integration of specialist therapeutic area biology and otology clinical expertise. Small molecule drug discovery projects in the global clinical portfolio for hearing loss are here collated and reviewed. An overview is provided of human hearing, inner ear anatomy, inner ear delivery, types of hearing loss and hearing measurement. Small molecule experimental drugs in clinical development for hearing loss are reviewed, including their underpinning biology, discovery strategy and activities, medicinal chemistry, calculated physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and clinical trial status. SwissADME BOILED-Egg permeability modelling is applied to the molecules reviewed, and these results are considered. Non-small molecule hearing loss assets in clinical development are briefly noted in this review. Future opportunities in hearing loss drug discovery for human genomics and targeted protein degradation are highlighted.
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23
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Xu Y, Fourniols T, Labrak Y, Préat V, Beloqui A, des Rieux A. Surface Modification of Lipid-Based Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7168-7196. [PMID: 35446546 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the development of lipid-based nanocarriers for multiple purposes, including the recent increase of these nanocarriers as vaccine components during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of studies that involve the surface modification of nanocarriers to improve their performance (increase the delivery of a therapeutic to its target site with less off-site accumulation) is enormous. The present review aims to provide an overview of various methods associated with lipid nanoparticle grafting, including techniques used to separate grafted nanoparticles from unbound ligands or to characterize grafted nanoparticles. We also provide a critical perspective on the usefulness and true impact of these modifications on overcoming different biological barriers, with our prediction on what to expect in the near future in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xu
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thibaut Fourniols
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yasmine Labrak
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 72 B1.72.01, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Beloqui
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Avenue Mounier, 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Triamcinolone acetonide can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid after intratympanic injection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 170:52-58. [PMID: 34864199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intratympanically applied treatments are of increasing interest to the otologic community to treat sudden sensorineural hearing loss or vestibular disorders but also to deliver gene therapy agents, or biologics to the inner ear. Further diversion from the middle ear and perilymph to blood circulation and cerebrospinal fluid via the cochlear aqueduct are one of the limiting factors and so far not understood well enough. In this study, intratympanically applied triamcinolone acetonide was determined in cerebrospinal fluid. Additionally, perilymph was sampled through the round window membrane as well as at the lateral semicircular canal to determine drug levels. Of the twenty-one included patients, triamcinolone acetonide was quantifiable in cerebrospinal fluid in 43% at very low levels (range 0 ng/ml - 6.2 ng/ml) which did not correlate with perilymph levels. Drug levels at the two different perilymph sampling sites were within a range of 13.5 ng/ml to 1180.0 ng/ml. Results suggest an equal distribution of triamcinolone acetonide to semicircular canals, which might support the use of triamcinolone acetonide as a treatment option for vestibular pathologies such as Menièrés disease. On the other hand, the distribution to cerebrospinal fluid might be limiting current approaches in gene therapy where a central distribution is unwanted.
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25
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Isherwood B, Gonçalves AC, Cousins R, Holme R. The global hearing therapeutic pipeline: 2021. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:912-922. [PMID: 34775104 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a serious condition affecting more than 1.5 billion people globally. Many affected people benefit from the use of devices, such as hearing aids, but these do not restore natural hearing, and many users still struggle to follow speech in the presence of background noise. Consequently, there is rapid growth in work to discover therapeutics to address this need. Our analysis of the therapeutic pipeline for inner ear and central processing disorders identified 23 assets in clinical trials and 56 in preclinical development, of which 25% have entered the pipeline in the past three years. The innovative potential of this pipeline is encouraging, but there are translational hurdles to be overcome. We highlight challenges for the pipeline and comment on opportunities to support and strengthen it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rick Cousins
- University College London Ear Institute, London, UK; Cinnabar Consulting, Bedford, UK
| | - Ralph Holme
- Royal National Institute for Deaf People, Peterborough, UK.
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26
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Pawley DC, Goncalves S, Bas E, Dikici E, Deo SK, Daunert S, Telischi F. Dexamethasone (DXM)‐Coated Poly(lactic‐
co
‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) Microneedles as an Improved Drug Delivery System for Intracochlear Biodegradable Devices. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Devon C. Pawley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami Miami FL 33136 USA
| | - Stefania Goncalves
- University of Miami Ear Institute Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
| | - Esperanza Bas
- University of Miami Ear Institute Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami Miami FL 33136 USA
| | - Sapna K. Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami Miami FL 33136 USA
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute of the University of Miami Miami FL 33136 USA
- University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
| | - Fred Telischi
- University of Miami Ear Institute Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA
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27
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Yoshida T, Kobayashi M, Sugimoto S, Teranishi M, Naganawa S, Sone M. Evaluation of the blood-perilymph barrier in ears with endolymphatic hydrops. Acta Otolaryngol 2021; 141:736-741. [PMID: 34346271 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2021.1957500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Otological diseases including Meniere's disease (MD) involve endolymphatic hydrops (EH), which can be visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium contrast agents, but the temporal changes of contrast in the inner ear have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES We investigated the permeability of the blood-perilymph barrier (BPB) in ears with EH to evaluate the severity of the inner ear disturbances. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 32 ears from 16 patients with EH or related diseases who underwent MRI. The permeability of the BPB was assessed by the signal-intensity ratio (SIR) at four-time points: before and at 10 min, 4 h, and 24 h after administration of gadolinium for assessing EH. RESULTS Cochlear EH was found in 25 of the 32 ears, and vestibular EH in 11. The rate of EH was significantly higher in symptomatic ears; however, the existence of EH was not related to SIR values. Nevertheless, SIR values in the basal turn were significantly higher 4 and 24 h after injection of gadolinium in patients aged ≥50 years. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE Higher SIR values observed in older patients with EH indicate severe disturbances of the BPB in the cochlea, which may account for intractable inner ear disturbances in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadao Yoshida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masumi Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satofumi Sugimoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaaki Teranishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michihiko Sone
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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28
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A Review on Recent Advancement on Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Applications of Nanotechnology, Drug Pharmacology, and Biotechnology. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071041. [PMID: 34371732 PMCID: PMC8309044 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered a contributing factor to many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and hearing loss. Age-related hearing loss, also termed presbycusis, is one of the most common sensory impairments worldwide, affecting one in five people over 50 years of age, and this prevalence is growing annually. Associations have emerged between presbycusis and detrimental health outcomes, including social isolation and mental health. It remains largely untreatable apart from hearing aids, and with no globally established prevention strategies in the clinical setting. Hence, this review aims to explore the pathophysiology of presbycusis and potential therapies, based on a recent advancement in bile acid-based bio-nanotechnologies. A comprehensive online search was carried out using the following keywords: presbycusis, drugs, hearing loss, bile acids, nanotechnology, and more than 150 publications were considered directly relevant. Evidence of the multifaceted oxidative stress and chronic inflammation involvement in cellular damage and apoptosis that is associated with a loss of hair cells, damaged and inflamed stria vascularis, and neuronal signalling loss and apoptosis continues to emerge. New robust and effective therapies require drug delivery deeper into the various layers of the cochlea. Bile acid-based nanotechnology has gained wide interest in its permeation-enhancing ability and potential for numerous applications in treating presbycusis.
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Schurzig D, Fröhlich M, Raggl S, Scheper V, Lenarz T, Rau TS. Uncoiling the Human Cochlea-Physical Scala Tympani Models to Study Pharmacokinetics Inside the Inner Ear. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050373. [PMID: 33919445 PMCID: PMC8143569 DOI: 10.3390/life11050373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of cochlear implantation, artificial/physical models of the inner ear are often employed to investigate certain phenomena like the forces occurring during implant insertions. Up to now, no such models are available for the analysis of diffusion processes inside the cochlea although drug delivery is playing an increasingly important role in this field. For easy access of the cochlea along its whole profile, e.g., for sequential sampling in an experimental setting, such a model should ideally be longitudinal/uncoiled. Within this study, a set of 15 micro-CT imaging datasets of human cochleae was used to derive an average representation of the scala tympani. The spiral profile of this model was then uncoiled along different trajectories, showing that these trajectories influence both length and volume of the resulting longitudinal model. A volumetric analysis of the average spiral model was conducted to derive volume-to-length interrelations for the different trajectories, which were then used to generate two tubular, longitudinal scala tympani models with volume and length properties matching the original, spiral profile. These models can be downloaded for free and used for reproducible and comparable simulative and experimental investigations of diffusion processes within the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schurzig
- MED-EL Research Center, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (V.S.); (T.L.); (T.S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-1659-4795
| | - Max Fröhlich
- MED-EL Research Center, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (V.S.); (T.L.); (T.S.R.)
| | - Stefan Raggl
- MED-EL Medical Electronics, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Verena Scheper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (V.S.); (T.L.); (T.S.R.)
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (V.S.); (T.L.); (T.S.R.)
| | - Thomas S. Rau
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (V.S.); (T.L.); (T.S.R.)
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IE-Map: a novel in-vivo atlas and template of the human inner ear. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3293. [PMID: 33558581 PMCID: PMC7870663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain atlases and templates are core tools in scientific research with increasing importance also in clinical applications. Advances in neuroimaging now allowed us to expand the atlas domain to the vestibular and auditory organ, the inner ear. In this study, we present IE-Map, an in-vivo template and atlas of the human labyrinth derived from multi-modal high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, in a fully non-invasive manner without any contrast agent or radiation. We reconstructed a common template from 126 inner ears (63 normal subjects) and annotated it with 94 established landmarks and semi-automatic segmentations of all relevant macroscopic vestibular and auditory substructures. We validated the atlas by comparing MRI templates to a novel CT/micro-CT atlas, which we reconstructed from 21 publicly available post-mortem images of the bony labyrinth. Templates in MRI and micro-CT have a high overlap, and several key anatomical measures of the bony labyrinth in IE-Map are in line with micro-CT literature of the inner ear. A quantitative substructural analysis based on the new template, revealed a correlation of labyrinth parameters with total intracranial volume. No effects of gender or laterality were found. We provide the validated templates, atlas segmentations, surface meshes and landmark annotations as open-access material, to provide neuroscience researchers and clinicians in neurology, neurosurgery, and otorhinolaryngology with a widely applicable tool for computational neuro-otology.
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31
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Mustfa SA, Maurizi E, McGrath J, Chiappini C. Nanomedicine Approaches to Negotiate Local Biobarriers for Topical Drug Delivery. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salman Ahmad Mustfa
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology King's College London London SE1 9RT UK
| | - Eleonora Maurizi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma Parma 43121 Italy
| | - John McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London London SE1 9RT UK
| | - Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology King's College London London SE1 9RT UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology King's College London London WC2R 2LS UK
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32
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Lehner E, Liebau A, Syrowatka F, Knolle W, Plontke SK, Mäder K. Novel biodegradable Round Window Disks for inner ear delivery of dexamethasone. Int J Pharm 2020; 594:120180. [PMID: 33338566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery to the inner ear is an important and very challenging field. The cochlea is protected by several barriers that need to be overcome in the drug delivery process. Local drug delivery can avoid undesirable side effects arising from systemic drug delivery. We developed a biodegradable dexamethasone-loaded Round Window (RW) Disk based on poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) for local drug therapy to the inner ear by RW membrane administration by a film-casting method. The optimal drying time was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, the mass and polymer degradation over time of drug release was measured in vitro showing a total mass loss of 70% after 3 weeks. Dexamethasone release was determined by a RW model setup using a polyethylene terephthalate membrane. We achieved a controlled release over 52 days. Ex vivo implantation of a RW Disk onto a guinea pig RW membrane indicated well-fitting properties of the drug delivery device leading to a close surface contact with the membrane and the successful proof of concept. The developed RW Disks could be new and promising drug delivery device to achieve effective local drug delivery to the inner ear for an extended time.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lehner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Liebau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - F Syrowatka
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - W Knolle
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
| | - S K Plontke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - K Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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33
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Characterization of the Sheep Round Window Membrane. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2020; 22:1-17. [PMID: 33258054 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratympanic injection is a clinically used approach to locally deliver therapeutic molecules to the inner ear. Drug diffusion, at least in part, is presumed to occur through the round window membrane (RWM), one of the two openings to the inner ear. Previous studies in human temporal bones have identified a three-layered structure of the RWM with a thickness of 70-100 μm. This is considerably thicker than the RWM in rodents, which are mostly used to model RWM permeability and assess drug uptake. The sheep has been suggested as a large animal model for inner ear research given the similarities in structure and frequency range for hearing. Here, we report the structure of the sheep RWM. The RWM is anchored within the round window niche (average vertical diameter of 2.1 ± 0.3 mm and horizontal diameter of 2.3 ± 0.4 mm) and has a curvature that leans towards the scala tympani. The centre of the RWM is the thinnest (55-71 μm), with increasing thickness towards the edges (< 171 μm), where the RWM forms tight attachments to the surrounding bony niche. The layered RWM structure, including an outer epithelial layer, middle connective tissue and inner epithelial layer, was identified with cellular features such as wavy fibre bundles, melanocytes and blood vessels. An attached "meshwork structure" which extends over the cochlear aqueduct was seen, as in humans. The striking anatomical similarities between sheep and human RWM suggest that sheep may be evaluated as a more appropriate system to predict RWM permeability and drug delivery in humans than rodent models.
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Liang J, Xie H, Chiang HJ, Li S, Liu Z, Li J, Zeng C. Postauricular injection glucocorticoid in the treatment of sudden hearing loss: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23241. [PMID: 33217842 PMCID: PMC7676517 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden hearing loss is an emergency health problem in the Department of Otolaryngology that must be treated in a timely manner, or may cause lifelong regrets. The application of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid is a popular treatment to recover patients hearing level in recent years. However, the effectiveness and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid needs to be assessed systematically. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The purpose of the study is to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid to treat patient diagnosed with sudden hearing loss. We will search the following databases from the date of publication to July 1, 2020: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang databases, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and the Chinese Cochrane Centre's Clinical Trial Registry Platform. Observational studies regarding the association between postauricular injection of glucocorticoid and sudden hearing loss were written in English and Chinese were included. RevManV.5.3 software will be used for meta-analysis. According to the heterogeneity of the research results, fixed effects model, random effects model, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and others will be used. Ethics approval was not required for this protocol. The findings will be disseminated through journal articles and conference presentations. RESULTS Objectively, evaluate the efficacy and safety of postauricular injection of glucocorticoid for sudden hearing loss. CONCLUSION To provide evidence-based medicine for glucocorticoid treatment methods in patients with sudden hearing loss. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/N5RV3.
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van Beelen ESA, van der Valk WH, de Groot JCMJ, Hensen EF, Locher H, van Benthem PPG. Migration and fate of vestibular melanocytes during the development of the human inner ear. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:411-432. [PMID: 33075185 PMCID: PMC7894185 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanocytes are present in various parts of the inner ear, including the stria vascularis in the cochlea and the dark cell areas in the vestibular organs, where they contribute to endolymph homeostasis. Developmental studies describing the distribution of vestibular melanocytes are scarce, especially in humans. In this study, we investigated the distribution and maturation of the vestibular melanocytes in relation to the developing dark cell epithelium in inner ear specimens from week 5 to week 14 of development and in surgical specimens of the adult ampulla. Vestibular melanocytes were located around the utricle and the ampullae of the semicircular canals before week 7 and were first seen underneath the transitional zones and dark cell areas between week 8 and week 10. At week 10, melanocytes made intimate contact with epithelial cells, interrupting the local basement membrane with their dendritic processes. At week 11, most melanocytes were positioned under the dark cell epithelia. No melanocytes were seen around or in the saccule during all investigated developmental stages. The dark cell areas gradually matured and showed an adult immunohistochemical profile of the characteristic ion transporter protein Na+/K+‐ATPase α1 by week 14. Furthermore, we investigated the expression of the migration‐related proteins ECAD, PCAD, KIT, and KITLG in melanocytes and dark cell epithelium. This is the first study to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of vestibular melanocytes during the human development and thereby contributes to understanding normal vestibular function and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying vestibular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S A van Beelen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter H van der Valk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - John C M J de Groot
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik F Hensen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Heiko Locher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Paul G van Benthem
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Zhang K, Cheng X, Zhao L, Huang M, Tao Y, Zhang H, Rosenholm JM, Zhuang M, Chen ZY, Chen B, Shu Y. Direct Functional Protein Delivery with a Peptide into Neonatal and Adult Mammalian Inner Ear In Vivo. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:511-519. [PMID: 32953927 PMCID: PMC7477795 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to study an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), aurein 1.2, which substantially increased protein delivery directly into multiple mammalian inner-ear cell types in vivo. Different concentrations of aurein 1.2 with superpositively charged GFP (+36 GFP) protein fused with Cre recombinase were delivered to postnatal day 1-2 (P1-2) and adult cochleae of Cre reporter transgenic mice with various delivery methods. By cochleostomy at different concentrations of aurein 1.2-+36 GFP (1 μM, 5 μM, 22.5 μM, and 50 μM, respectively), the tdTomato (tdT) expression was observed in outer hair cells (OHCs; 20.77%, 23.02%, 76.36%, and 92.47%, respectively) and inner hair cells (IHCs; 14.90%, 44.50%, 89.59%, and 96.13%, respectively) in the cochlea. The optimal concentration was 22.5 μM with the highest transfection efficiency and the lowest cytotoxicity. Wide-spread tdT signals were detected in the cochlear-supporting cells, utricular-supporting cells, auditory nerve, and spiral ligament in neonatal and adult mice. Compared to cochleostomy, injection through the round window membrane (RWM) also produced highly efficient tdT+ labeled cells with less cell loss. In summary, the peptide aurein 1.2 fused with +36 GFP dramatically expanded the target cells with increased efficiency in direct protein delivery in the inner ear. Aurein 1.2-+36 GFP has the potential to be developed as protein-based therapy in regeneration and genome editing in the mammalian inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoting Cheng
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Mingqian Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translation Medicine on Ear and Nose Disease, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Min Zhuang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bing Chen
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
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Lukashkin AN, Sadreev II, Zakharova N, Russell IJ, Yarin YM. Local Drug Delivery to the Entire Cochlea without Breaching Its Boundaries. iScience 2020; 23:100945. [PMID: 32151971 PMCID: PMC7063177 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cochlea is one of the least accessible organs for drug delivery. Systemic administration of many drugs is severely limited by the blood-labyrinth barrier. Local intratympanic administration into the middle ear would be a preferable option in this case, and the only option for many newly emerging classes of drugs, but it leads to the formation of drug concentration gradients along the extensive, narrow cochlea. The gradients are orders of magnitude and well outside the therapeutic windows. Here we present an efficient, quick, and simple method of cochlear pumping, through large-amplitude, low-frequency reciprocal oscillations of the stapes and round window, which can consistently and uniformly deliver drugs along the entire length of the intact cochlea within minutes without disrupting the cochlear boundaries. The method should facilitate novel ways of approaching the treatment of inner ear disorders because it overcomes the challenge of delivering therapeutics along the entire cochlear length. Systemic delivery of drugs to the inner ear is limited by the blood-labyrinth barrier Middle ear administration results in pronounced drug gradients along the cochlea Cochlear pumping distributes drugs evenly along the entire cochlea within minutes
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei N Lukashkin
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.
| | - Ildar I Sadreev
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Ian J Russell
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
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Han K, Lee JY, Shin JE, Kim CH. Positional alcohol nystagmus and serum osmolality: New insights into dizziness associated with acute alcohol intoxication. Med Hypotheses 2020; 138:109606. [PMID: 32018146 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Positional alcohol nystagmus (PAN) is characterized by positional direction-changing nystagmus. Although the buoyancy cupulopathy, which implies that the cupula becomes lighter or heavier than the endolymph due to different diffusion rates of alcohol, has been accepted as possible mechanism of PAN, the evidence supporting this hypothesis is weak. The aim of present study is to investigate the possibility of serum osmolality change following alcohol intake as a cause of PAN. Nine healthy adults were recruited voluntarily. Positional nystagmus was examined before and every 1 hr after alcohol intake until 7 hr. Serum osmolality was measured before and 1 and 7 hr after alcohol intake. Before ingesting alcohol, no subject showed positional nystagmus, and mean serum osmolality was 285.9 ± 4.4 mOsm/kg. At 1 hr after drinking, mean serum osmolality increased to 302.9 ± 8.9 mOsm/kg, and all subjects exhibited geotropic positional nystagmus. At 7 hr after drinking, mean serum osmolality decreased to 289.1 ± 9.4 mOsm/kg, and all subjects showed ageotropic positional nystagmus. Change in serum osmolality following alcohol ingestion and subsequent change in specific gravity in the perilymph and endolymph may be a cause of PAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyujin Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Simoni E, Valente F, Boge L, Eriksson M, Gentilin E, Candito M, Cazzador D, Astolfi L. Biocompatibility of glycerol monooleate nanoparticles as tested on inner ear cells. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cousins RPC. Medicines discovery for auditory disorders: Challenges for industry. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:3652. [PMID: 31795652 DOI: 10.1121/1.5132706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, no approved medicines are available for the prevention or treatment of hearing loss. Pharmaceutical industry productivity across all therapeutic indications has historically been disappointing, with a 90% chance of failure in delivering a marketed drug after entering clinical evaluation. To address these failings, initiatives have been applied in the three cornerstones of medicine discovery: target selection, clinical candidate selection, and clinical studies. These changes aimed to enable data-informed decisions on the translation of preclinical observations into a safe, clinically effective medicine by ensuring the best biological target is selected, the most appropriate chemical entity is advanced, and that the clinical studies enroll the correct patients. The specific underlying pathologies need to be known to allow appropriate patient selection, so improved diagnostics are required, as are methodologies for measuring in the inner ear target engagement, drug delivery and pharmacokinetics. The different therapeutic strategies of protecting hearing or preventing hearing loss versus restoring hearing are reviewed along with potential treatments for tinnitus. Examples of current investigational drugs are discussed to highlight key challenges in drug discovery and the learnings being applied to improve the probability of success of launching a marketed medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick P C Cousins
- University College London Ear Institute, University College London, London, WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
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41
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Ji XJ, Chen W, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Guo WW, Zhao JG, Yang SM. Canalostomy is an ideal surgery route for inner ear gene delivery in big animal model. Acta Otolaryngol 2019; 139:939-947. [PMID: 31486693 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2019.1654130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Inner gene therapy offers great promises as a potential treatment for hearing loss. Aims/objectives: One of the critical determinants of the success of inner ear gene therapy is to find a delivery method which results in consistent transduction efficiency of targeted cell types while minimizing hearing loss. Material and methods: Surgery was performed only in the right ear of each Bama miniature pig, and the left ear served as a control. The gene delivery to inner ear via round window membrane (RWM) and posterior semicircular canal (PSC) approach was performed with the viral vector AAV1-CMV-GFP. Results: The gene delivery through RWM and the PSC (canalostomy) is able to perfuse the inner ear. Conclusions and significance: The easy anatomic identification of the PSC, as to RWM, as well as minimal manipulation of the temporal bone required, make this surgical approach an attractive option for inner ear gene delivery in big animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Jian-Guo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
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Burton JA, Valero MD, Hackett TA, Ramachandran R. The use of nonhuman primates in studies of noise injury and treatment. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:3770. [PMID: 31795680 PMCID: PMC6881191 DOI: 10.1121/1.5132709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to prolonged or high intensity noise increases the risk for permanent hearing impairment. Over several decades, researchers characterized the nature of harmful noise exposures and worked to establish guidelines for effective protection. Recent laboratory studies, primarily conducted in rodent models, indicate that the auditory system may be more vulnerable to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) than previously thought, driving renewed inquiries into the harmful effects of noise in humans. To bridge the translational gaps between rodents and humans, nonhuman primates (NHPs) may serve as key animal models. The phylogenetic proximity of NHPs to humans underlies tremendous similarity in many features of the auditory system (genomic, anatomical, physiological, behavioral), all of which are important considerations in the assessment and treatment of NIHL. This review summarizes the literature pertaining to NHPs as models of hearing and noise-induced hearing loss, discusses factors relevant to the translation of diagnostics and therapeutics from animals to humans, and concludes with some of the practical considerations involved in conducting NHP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane A Burton
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
| | - Michelle D Valero
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Troy A Hackett
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Ramnarayan Ramachandran
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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Bielefeld EC, Kobel MJ. Advances and Challenges in Pharmaceutical Therapies to Prevent and Repair Cochlear Injuries From Noise. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:285. [PMID: 31297051 PMCID: PMC6607696 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise induces a broad spectrum of pathological injuries to the cochlea, reflecting both mechanical damage to the delicate architecture of the structures of the organ of Corti and metabolic damage within the organ of Corti and lateral wall tissues. Unlike ototoxic medications, the blood-labyrinth barrier does not offer protection against noise injury. The blood-labyrinth barrier is a target of noise injury, and can be weakened as part of the metabolic pathologies in the cochlea. However, it also offers a potential for therapeutic intervention with oto-protective compounds. Because the blood-labyrinth barrier is weakened by noise, penetration of blood-borne oto-protective compounds could be higher. However, systemic dosing for cochlear protection from noise offers other significant challenges. An alternative option to systemic dosing is local administration to the cochlea through the round window membrane using a variety of drug delivery techniques. The review will discuss noise-induced cochlear pathology, including alterations to the blood-labyrinth barrier, and then transition into discussing approaches for delivery of oto-protective compounds to reduce cochlear injury from noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Bielefeld
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Megan J Kobel
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Patel J, Szczupak M, Rajguru S, Balaban C, Hoffer ME. Inner Ear Therapeutics: An Overview of Middle Ear Delivery. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:261. [PMID: 31244616 PMCID: PMC6580187 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a variety of methods to access the inner ear and many of these methods depend on utilizing the middle ear as a portal. In this approach the middle ear can be used as a passive receptacle, as part of an active drug delivery system, or simply as the most convenient way to access the inner ear directly in human subjects. The purpose of this volume is to examine some of the more cutting-edge approaches to treating the middle ear. Before considering these therapies, this manuscript provides an overview of some therapies that have been delivered through the middle ear both in the past and at the current time. This manuscript also serves as a review of many of the methods for accessing the inner ear that directly utilize or pass though the middle ear. This manuscript provides the reader a basis for understanding middle ear delivery, the basis of delivery of medicines via cochlear implants, and examines the novel approach of using hypothermia as a method of altering the responses of the inner ear to damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimin Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Mikhaylo Szczupak
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Suhrud Rajguru
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Carey Balaban
- Department of Otolaryngology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael E. Hoffer
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Fischer N, Johnson Chacko L, Glueckert R, Schrott-Fischer A. Age-Dependent Changes in the Cochlea. Gerontology 2019; 66:33-39. [DOI: 10.1159/000499582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Johnson Chacko L, Wertjanz D, Sergi C, Dudas J, Fischer N, Eberharter T, Hoermann R, Glueckert R, Fritsch H, Rask-Andersen H, Schrott-Fischer A, Handschuh S. Growth and cellular patterning during fetal human inner ear development studied by a correlative imaging approach. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 19:11. [PMID: 31109306 PMCID: PMC6528216 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-019-0191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive transformation of the otic placode into the functional inner ear during gestational development in humans leads to the acquisition of hearing perception via the cochlea and balance and spatial orientation via the vestibular organ. RESULTS Using a correlative approach involving micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT), transmission electron microscopy and histological techniques we were able to examine both the morphological and cellular changes associated with human inner ear development. Such an evaluation allowed for the examination of 3D geometry with high spatial and temporal resolution. In concert with gestational progression and growth of the cochlear duct, an increase in the distance between some of the Crista ampullaris is evident in all the specimens examined from GW12 to GW36. A parallel increase in the distances between the macular organs - fetal utricle and saccule - is also evident across the gestational stages examined. The distances between both the utricle and saccule to the three cristae ampullares also increased across the stages examined. A gradient in hair cell differentiation is apparent from apex to base of the fetal cochlea even at GW14. CONCLUSION We present structural information on human inner ear development across multiple levels of biological organization, including gross-morphology of the inner ear, cellular and subcellular details of hearing and vestibular organs, as well as ultrastructural details in the developing sensory epithelia. This enabled the gathering of detailed information regarding morphometric changes as well in realizing the complex developmental patterns of the human inner ear. We were able to quantify the volumetric and linear aspects of selected gestational inner ear specimens enabling a better understanding of the cellular changes across the fetal gestational timeline. Moreover, these data could serve as a reference for better understanding disorders that arise during inner ear development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejo Johnson Chacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Wertjanz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jozsef Dudas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalie Fischer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Theresa Eberharter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Romed Hoermann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Glueckert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Fritsch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helge Rask-Andersen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anneliese Schrott-Fischer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Handschuh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Ma Y, Wise AK, Shepherd RK, Richardson RT. New molecular therapies for the treatment of hearing loss. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 200:190-209. [PMID: 31075354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An estimated 466 million people suffer from hearing loss worldwide. Sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons and their synaptic connection to the hair cells - the ribbon synapse. Various strategies to protect or regenerate these sensory cells and structures are the subject of intensive research. Yet despite recent advances in our understandings of the capacity of the cochlea for repair and regeneration there are currently no pharmacological or biological interventions for hearing loss. Current research focusses on localized cochlear drug, gene and cell-based therapies. One of the more promising drug-based therapies is based on neurotrophic factors for the repair of the ribbon synapse after noise exposure, as well as preventing loss of primary auditory neurons and regrowth of the auditory neuron fibers after severe hearing loss. Drug therapy delivery technologies are being employed to address the specific needs of neurotrophin and other therapies for hearing loss that include the need for high doses, long-term delivery, localised or cell-specific targeting and techniques for their safe and efficacious delivery to the cochlea. Novel biomaterials are enabling high payloads of drugs to be administered to the cochlea with subsequent slow-release properties that are proving to be beneficial for treating hearing loss. In parallel, new gene therapy technologies are addressing the need for cell specificity and high efficacy for the treatment of both genetic and acquired hearing loss with promising reports of hearing recovery. Some biomaterials and cell therapies are being used in conjunction with the cochlear implant ensuring therapeutic benefit to the primary neurons during electrical stimulation. This review will introduce the auditory system, hearing loss and the potential for repair and regeneration in the cochlea. Drug delivery to the cochlea will then be reviewed, with a focus on new biomaterials, gene therapy technologies, cell therapy and the use of the cochlear implant as a vehicle for drug delivery. With the current pre-clinical research effort into therapies for hearing loss, including clinical trials for gene therapy, the future for the treatment for hearing loss is looking bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Ma
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Chemical Engineering, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew K Wise
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert K Shepherd
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachael T Richardson
- Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Medical Bionics Department, East Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery - Otolaryngology, East Melbourne, Australia.
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48
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Sadreev II, Burwood GWS, Flaherty SM, Kim J, Russell IJ, Abdullin TI, Lukashkin AN. Drug Diffusion Along an Intact Mammalian Cochlea. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:161. [PMID: 31080407 PMCID: PMC6497751 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratympanic drug administration depends on the ability of drugs to pass through the round window membrane (RW) at the base of the cochlea and diffuse from this location to the apex. While the RW permeability for many different drugs can be promoted, passive diffusion along the narrowing spiral of the cochlea is limited. Earlier measurements of the distribution of marker ions, corticosteroids, and antibiotics demonstrated that the concentration of substances applied to the RW was two to three orders of magnitude higher in the base compared to the apex. The measurements, however, involved perforating the cochlear bony wall and, in some cases, sampling perilymph. These manipulations can change the flow rate of perilymph and lead to intake of perilymph through the cochlear aqueduct, thereby disguising concentration gradients of the delivered substances. In this study, the suppressive effect of salicylate on cochlear amplification via block of the outer hair cell (OHC) somatic motility was utilized to assess salicylate diffusion along an intact guinea pig cochlea in vivo. Salicylate solution was applied to the RW and threshold elevation of auditory nerve responses was measured at different times and frequencies after application. Resultant concentrations of salicylate along the cochlea were calculated by fitting the experimental data using a mathematical model of the diffusion and clearing of salicylate in a tube of variable diameter combined with a model describing salicylate action on cochlear amplification. Concentrations reach a steady-state at different times for different cochlear locations and it takes longer to reach the steady-state at more apical locations. Even at the steady-state, the predicted concentration at the apex is negligible. Model predictions for the geometry of the longer human cochlea show even higher differences in the steady-state concentrations of the drugs between cochlear base and apex. Our findings confirm conclusions that achieving therapeutic drug concentrations throughout the entire cochlear duct is hardly possible when the drugs are applied to the RW and are distributed via passive diffusion. Assisted methods of drug delivery are needed to reach a more uniform distribution of drugs along the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildar I Sadreev
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - George W S Burwood
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel M Flaherty
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Jongrae Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Design, Robotics and Optimisation, Aerospace Systems Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J Russell
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Timur I Abdullin
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Pharmacology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrei N Lukashkin
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom.,Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have shown potential as therapeutic molecules for the treatment of inner ear dysfunction. The peripheral sensory organs responsible for both hearing and equilibrium are housed within the inner ear. Hearing loss and vestibular balance problems affect a large portion of the population and limited treatment options exist. Targeting ASOs to the inner ear as a therapeutic strategy has unique pharmacokinetic and drug delivery opportunities and challenges. Here, we review ASO technology, delivery, disease targets, and other key considerations for development of this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Hastings
- Center for Genetic Diseases, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Science and Medicine, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
| | - Timothy A Jones
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 304 Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
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50
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DiGuiseppi J, Zuo J. The awesome power of optogenetics in hearing research. Neurosci Lett 2019; 701:175-179. [PMID: 30822439 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of light as a tool to manipulate cellular processes or optogenetics has developed rapidly in various biological fields over the past decade. Through the addition of photosensitive proteins, light can be used to control intracellular mechanisms, map neuronal pathways, and alter variables that would be difficult to control using other mechanisms. Photons of a specific wavelength affect these light sensitive targets for in vitro or in vivo experiments. Optogenetics is beneficial because it gives the investigator spatial and temporal control over experimental variables. Precise control is achieved by sequential activation of different ion channels and the ability to non-invasively control membrane potential. In this review, we will discuss the recent use of optogenetics in biological fields to understand the role of different cell types in hearing and creating a new cochlear implant, as well as future uses such as light controlled drug delivery and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph DiGuiseppi
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Jian Zuo
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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