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Liu X, Dong Z, Wei T, Wang L, Gao W, Jiao X, Li F. Composition, distribution, and risk assessment of heavy metals in large-scale river water on the Tibetan Plateau. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135094. [PMID: 38981232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals present in aquatic ecosystems constitute a significant threat to both the environment and human health. In this study, we analyzed various heavy metals (As, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Cd, Pb and Sb) using extensive surface water samples collected from the Tibetan Plateau in 2021 and 2023. Results showed that downstream water samples exhibited higher content (mean 12.6 μg/L) of heavy metals compared to those from the glacier basins. It is noteworthy that heavy metal content varied significantly both in the glacier basin and downstream (4.6-29.1 μg/L and 7.8-55.2 μg/L, respectively). However, elevated concentrations at certain sites (e.g., Saga County and Dangque Zangbu River) were primarily attributed to the disproportionate contribution of individual heavy metals, possibly stemming from specific human activities or natural conditions. In the glacier basin, only Cr exhibited a decreasing trend in enrich factors (EF) with increasing Sc concentration, whereas, in the downstream areas, most elements displayed a declining trend. Furthermore, apart from a few sampling sites, heavy metal concentrations in the glacier basin remained relatively balanced, suggesting that these metals predominantly originate from natural sources. The values of potential ecological risk for an individual element (Eri) and potential ecological risk index (PER) indicate that the ecological and human risks associated with almost heavy metals (except As) in the aquatic ecosystem are minimal. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems pose a significant threat to ecological and human health. Due to delicate ecological balance of the Tibetan Plateau and its critical role as a water resource, we analyzed various heavy metals (As, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Cd, Pb and Sb) concentrations and EF in land surface river water, to find out the pollution levels and possible sources of heavy metals in the aquatic ecosystems. The results of risk assessment showed that the prevention and management of arsenic in Tibetan Plateau needs attention, but most heavy metals pose no threaten to ecological and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; College of Geography and Environmental Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environment and Planning Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwen Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lunche Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenhua Gao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environment and Planning Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100049, China
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Dupont MC, Martinez-Tavera E, Rodriguez-Espinosa PF, Hernandez-Ramirez AG, Guadarrama Guzmán P. Sediment analysis and water quality assessment in the Pixquiac basin: drinking water supply of Xalapa city (Veracruz, Mexico). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:687. [PMID: 38958826 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Fluvial sediment analysis and water quality assessment are useful to identify anthropic and natural sources of pollution in rivers. Currently, there is a lack of information about water quality in the Pixquiac basin (Veracruz state, Mexico), and this scarcity of data prevents authorities to take adequate measures to protect water resources. The basin is a crucial territory for Xalapa, the capital city of Veracruz state, as it gets 39% of its drinkable water from it. This research analyzed 10 physicochemical parameters and 12 metal concentrations in various rivers and sources during two seasons. Dissolved metals presented average concentrations (µg/L): Al (456.25) > Fe (199.4) > Mn (16.86) > Ba (13.8) > Zn (7.6) > Cu (1.03) > Pb (0.27) > As (0.12) > Ni (0.118) (Cd, Cr and Hg undetectable). Metals in sediment recorded average concentrations (ppm): Fe (38575) > Al (38425) > Mn (460) > Ba (206.2) > Zn (65.1) > Cr (29.8) > Ni (20.9) > Cu (16.4) > Pb (4.8) > As (2.1) (Cd and Hg undetectable). During the rainy season, Water Quality Index (WAWQI) classified stations P17 and P18's water as "unsuitable for drinking" with values of 110.4 and 117.6. Enrichment factor (EF) recorded a "moderate enrichment" of Pb in sediment in P24. Pollution was mainly explained by wastewater discharges in rivers but also because of erosion and rainfall events. Statistical analysis presented strong relationships between trace and major metals which could explain a common natural origin for metals in water and sediment: rock lixiviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Dupont
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
| | - E Martinez-Tavera
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), 21 Sur, 1103. Barrio de Santiago, 72410, Puebla, C.P, Mexico
| | - P F Rodriguez-Espinosa
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico.
| | - A G Hernandez-Ramirez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
- Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Miguel Hidalgo, Santo Tomas, 07738, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
| | - P Guadarrama Guzmán
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
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Niampradit S, Kiangkoo N, Mingkhwan R, Kliengchuay W, Worakhunpiset S, Limpananont Y, Hongsibsong S, Inthorn D, Tantrakarnapa K. Occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Chao Phraya River, Thailand. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8366. [PMID: 38600294 PMCID: PMC11006942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding heavy metals in rivers is crucial, as their presence and distribution impact water quality, ecosystem health, and human well-being. This study examined the presence and levels of nine heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in 16 surface water samples along the Chao Phraya River, identifying Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cr as predominant metals. Although average concentrations in both rainy and dry seasons generally adhered to WHO guidelines, Mn exceeded these limits yet remained within Thailand's acceptable standards. Seasonal variations were observed in the Chao Phraya River, and Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis established significant associations between season and concentrations of heavy metals. The water quality index (WQI) demonstrated varied water quality statuses at each sampling point along the Chao Phraya River, indicating poor conditions during the rainy season, further deteriorating to very poor conditions in the dry season. The hazard potential index (HPI) was employed to assess heavy metal contamination, revealing that during the dry season in the estuary area, the HPI value exceeded the critical threshold index, indicating the presence of heavy metal pollution in the water and unsuitable for consumption. Using the species sensitivity distribution model, an ecological risk assessment ranked the heavy metals' HC5 values as Pb > Zn > Cr > Cu > Hg > Cd > Ni, identifying nickel as the most detrimental and lead as the least toxic. Despite Cr and Zn showing a moderate risk, and Cu and Ni posing a high risk to aquatic organisms, the main contributors to ecological risk were identified as Cu, Ni, and Zn, suggesting a significant potential ecological risk in the Chao Phraya River's surface water. The results of this study provide fundamental insights that can direct future actions in preventing and managing heavy metal pollution in the river ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarima Niampradit
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Nuttapohn Kiangkoo
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Rachaneekorn Mingkhwan
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Wissanupong Kliengchuay
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Suwalee Worakhunpiset
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Yanin Limpananont
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Surat Hongsibsong
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Duangrat Inthorn
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicity (EHT), Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Kraichat Tantrakarnapa
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, 10400, Thailand.
- Environment, Health & Social Impact Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand.
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Zhang Z, Gao C, Chen H, Zhang X, Tan C, Gong Y, Bai X, Zhang Y, Li H. The investigation of sorption-desorption performance and mechanism of copper by surfactant-modified zeolite in aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:22962-22975. [PMID: 38418787 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
As the most common filler in stormwater treatment, zeolite (NZ-Y) has good cation exchange capability and stabilization potential for the removal of heavy metal from aqueous solutions. In this study, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and NZ-Y were selected to preparing new adsorbent (SDS-NZ) by using a simple hydrothermal method. The sorption-desorption performance and mechanism of Cu(II) onto SDS-NZ were investigated. The results showed that the sorption of Cu(II) on SDS-NZ was in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with an equilibrium time of 4 h. The sorption behavior fitted Langmuir isotherm with a saturation sorption capability of 9.03 mg/g, which was three times higher than that of NZ-Y. The modification of SDS increases the average pore size of NZ-Y by 3.96 nm, which results in a richer internal pore structure and more useful sorption sites for Cu(II) sorption. There was a positive correlation between solution pH values and sorption capability of Cu(II) in the range of 3.0-6.0. With the ionic strength increased, the sorption capability of Cu(II) onto SDS-NZ first decreased and then increased, which may be attributed to competitive sorption and compression of the electronic layer. The desorption of Cu(II) on SDS-NZ was favored by the increase in SDS concentration and ionic strength and decrease in solution pH values. The application of SDS-NZ in runoff improved the leaching risk of Cu(II). After several cycles, the ability of reused SDS-NZ to efficiently adsorb most heavy metals was verified with removal rates above 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Zhang
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-Construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Chenyu Gao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Hongrui Chen
- CRRC Environmental Science & Technology Cooperation, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Chaohong Tan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Yongwei Gong
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Xiaojuan Bai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Beijing Drainage Group Co, LTD, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-Construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing, 102616, China.
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Fadlillah LN, Afifudin, Rachmawati AA, Saputra FR, Utami S, Widyastuti M. Spatiotemporal ecological risk evaluation and source identification of heavy metals and nutrients in the water and lake surface sediment in a protected catchment area of a volcanic lake. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:263. [PMID: 38351349 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Indonesia has numerous lakes; however, research on the spatiotemporal sediment quality and source identification in lakes remains limited. The overaccumulation of heavy metals and nutrients in lakes severely threatens aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to identify potential sources of metallic deposits (Cu, Pb, Cr, Fe, Al, and Cd) and nutrients (TN and TP) in lake-surface sediment, utilizing enrichment factors (EF), geoaccumulation indices (Igeo), potential ecological risk indices (Er), and risk indices (RI). Multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation analysis, were conducted to pinpoint pollution sources linked to land use. Eight sampling sites for surface sediment and water were examined in both wet and dry seasons at Menjer Lake, chosen for its diverse applications in tourism, hydropower, floating net cages, and extensive agriculture in its catchment. Correlation and PCA results indicated that Pb, Fe, and Al mainly originate from tourism, while Al, Fe, TN, and TP are associated with agriculture. The highest average loading from land use was observed in agriculture (> 0.8), floating net cages (> 0.76), and tourism (> 0.68). Furthermore, the highest loading from nutrients and all metals were TP (> 0.71) and all metals (> 0.35), respectively. Ecological risk assessment revealed low to moderately polluted EFs and Igeo in the dry season. However, Menjer Lake's Er and RI for heavy metals were generally classified as unpolluted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintang Nur Fadlillah
- Laboratory of Hydrology and Environmental Climatology, Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Afifudin
- Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Alfina Ayu Rachmawati
- Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Firdaus Rakhman Saputra
- Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Sri Utami
- Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - M Widyastuti
- Laboratory of Hydrology and Environmental Climatology, Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Zhang J, Yang T, Wang N, Luo X, Li H, Liao Y. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in wild fish and seasonal variation and source identification of heavy metals in sediments: a case study of typical urban river in Xi'an, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8898-8916. [PMID: 38180666 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In order to determine the status of heavy metal pollution in river sediments and wild fish in Xi'an, concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) were collected and analyzed in sediments and wild fish during dry season (October-November 2020) and wet season (June-July 2021). This study aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal variations of heavy metals in urban rivers of Xi'an, China. Their distribution characteristics and sources as well their pollution levels and health risks were assessed. The findings revealed that influenced by human activities, the heavy metal content in sediments (mg·kg-1 dry weight) in wet season was ranked as follows: Cr (73.09) > Zn (63.73) > Pb (40.31) > Ni (31.52) > Cu (24.86) > As (6.83); in the dry season: Zn (94.07) > Cr (69.59) > Cu (34.24) > Ni (33.60) > Pb (32.87) > As (7.60). Moreover, 32 fish samples from six species indicated an average metal content trend (mg·kg-1 wet weight) of Zn (8.70) > Cr (0.57) > Pb (0.28) > Ni (0.27) > Cu (0.24) > As (0.05). The potential ecological risk indices for sediment heavy metal concentrations in both seasons were well below the thresholds, which indicates that the aquatic environment is in safe level. The analysis of the potential ecological risk of sediment heavy metal concentrations indicates that the aquatic environment is safe for the time being. Based on the estimated daily intake (EDI), target risk quotient (THQ), total target risk quotient (TTHQ), cancer risk (CR), total cancer risk (TCR), and the permissible safety limits set by the agencies, the consumption of the fish examined is safe for human health. However, the presence of Cr and As in wild fish should still be a concern for human health, especially for children. The cumulative effect of heavy metals and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) suggest that sediment and heavy metals in fish are closely related, with higher concentrations in fish living in the bottom layer of the water column than in other water layers, and increasing with increasing predator levels. Correlation analysis and PMF modeling identified and determined four comparable categories of potential sources, namely, (1) atmospheric deposition and traffic sources, (2) agricultural sources, (3) industrial sources, and (4) natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Luo
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Liao
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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