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Xu L, Khoshknab M, Moss J, Berger RD, Chrispin J, Callans D, Marchlinski FE, Zimmerman SL, Han Y, Trayanova N, Desjardins B, Nazarian S. Lipomatous Metaplasia Is Associated With Ventricular Tachycardia Recurrence Following Ablation in Patients With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 10:1135-1146. [PMID: 38703163 PMCID: PMC11209768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrence rates remain high following ablation among patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). OBJECTIVES This study sought to define the prevalence of lipomatous metaplasia (LM) in patients with NICM and VT and its association with postablation VT recurrence. METHODS From patients who had ablation of left ventricular VT, we retrospectively identified 113 consecutive NICM patients with preprocedural contrast-enhanced cardiac computed tomography (CECT), from which LM was segmented. Nested within this cohort were 62 patients that prospectively underwent CECT and cardiac magnetic resonance from which myocardial border zone and dense late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were segmented. A control arm of 30 NICM patients without VT with CECT was identified. RESULTS LM was identified among 57% of control patients without VT vs 83% of patients without VT recurrence and 100% of patients with VT recurrence following ablation. In multivariable analyses, LM extent was the only independent predictor of VT recurrence, with an adjusted HR per 1-g LM increase of 1.1 (P < 0.001). Patients with LM extent ≥2.5 g had 4.9-fold higher hazard of VT recurrence than those with LM <2.5 g (P < 0.001). In the nested cohort with 32 VT recurrences, LM extent was independently associated with VT recurrence after adjustment for border zone and LGE extent (HR per 1 g increase: 1.1; P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Myocardial LM is prevalent in patients with NICM of a variety of etiologies, and its extent is associated with postablation VT recurrence independent of the degree of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Xu
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mirmilad Khoshknab
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juwann Moss
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald D Berger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Chrispin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Callans
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francis E Marchlinski
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stefan L Zimmerman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuchi Han
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Natalia Trayanova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Benoit Desjardins
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Saman Nazarian
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Masszi R, Zsigmond EJ, Ehrenberger R, Turan C, Fehérvári P, Teutsch B, Molnár Z, Drobni Z, Vágó H, Hegyi P, Merkely B, Kosztin A. Evaluating the predictive value of late gadolinium enhancement assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance on sudden cardiac death in patients selected for implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00392-024-02441-2. [PMID: 38587562 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-024-02441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can evaluate myocardial scar associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), which can guide the selection between cardiac resynchronization therapy with or without a defibrillator (CRT-P/CRT-D). Our aim was to investigate the association between LGE and SCD risk in patients with CRT using the LGE-CMR technique. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a systematic literature search using four databases. The target population was CRT candidates. The primary endpoint was SCD. The risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool. Fifteen eligible articles were included with a total of 2494 patients, of whom 27%, 56%, and 19% had an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), CRT-D, and CRT-P, respectively. Altogether, 54.71% of the cohort was LGE positive, who had a 72% higher risk for SCD (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.18-2.50) compared to LGE negatives. In non-ischemic patients, the proportion of LGE positivity was 46.6%, with a significantly higher risk for SCD as compared to LGE negatives (HR 2.42; 95% CI 1.99-2.94). The subgroup of CRT-only patients showed no difference between the LGE-positive vs. negative candidates (HR 1.17; 95% CI 0.82-1.68). Comparable SCD risk was observed between articles with short- (OR 7.47; 95% CI 0.54-103.12) vs. long-term (OR 6.15; 95% CI 0.96-39.45) follow-up time. CONCLUSION LGE-CMR positivity was associated with an increased SCD risk; however, in CRT candidates, the difference in risk reduction between LGE positive vs. negative patients was statistically not significant, suggesting a role of reverse remodeling. LGE-CMR before device implantation could be crucial in identifying high-risk patients even in non-ischemic etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richárd Masszi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Előd-János Zsigmond
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital - State Health Centre, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Réka Ehrenberger
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Caner Turan
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Fehérvári
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Teutsch
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Molnár
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Drobni
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Vágó
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, Budapest, 1122, Hungary.
| | - Annamária Kosztin
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
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Ma HY, Xie GY, Tao J, Li ZZ, Liu P, Zheng XJ, Wang RP. Identification of patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy at risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias: insights from cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:29. [PMID: 38172720 PMCID: PMC10765793 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) are prone to arrhythmias, and the cause of mortality in these patients is either end-organ dysfunction due to pump failure or malignant arrhythmia-related death. However, the identification of patients with NIDCM at risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) is challenging in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) could help in the identification of patients with NIDCM at risk of malignant VAs. METHODS A total of 263 NIDCM patients who underwent CMR, 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) and inpatient ECG were retrospectively evaluated. The patients with NIDCM were allocated to two subgroups: NIDCM with VAs and NIDCM without VAs. From CMR-FT, the global peak radial strain (GPRS), global longitudinal strain (GPLS), and global peak circumferential strain (GPCS) were calculated from the left ventricle (LV) model. We investigated the possible predictors of NIDCM combined with VAs by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The percent LGE (15.51 ± 3.30 vs. 9.62 ± 2.18, P < 0.001) was higher in NIDCM patients with VAs than in NIDCM patients without VAs. Furthermore, the NIDCM patients complicated with VAs had significantly lower GPCS than the NIDCM patients without VAs (- 5.38 (- 7.50, - 4.22) vs.-9.22 (- 10.73, - 8.19), P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis based on LGE negativity showed that NIDCM patients complicated with VAs had significantly lower GPRS, GPCS, and GPLS than NIDCM patients without VAs (P < 0.05 for all). Multivariate analysis showed that both GPCS and %LGE were independent predictors of NIDCM combined with VAs. CONCLUSIONS CMR global strain can be used to identify NIDCM patients complicated with VAs early, specifically when LGE is not present. GPCS < - 13.19% and %LGE > 10.37% are independent predictors of NIDCM combined with VAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Ma
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Guang-You Xie
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Jian Tao
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Zong-Zhuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Xing-Ju Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Rong-Pin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China.
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Argentiero A, Carella MC, Mandunzio D, Greco G, Mushtaq S, Baggiano A, Fazzari F, Fusini L, Muscogiuri G, Basile P, Siena P, Soldato N, Napoli G, Santobuono VE, Forleo C, Garrido EC, Di Marco A, Pontone G, Guaricci AI. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance as Risk Stratification Tool in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Referred for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy-State of Art and Perspectives. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7752. [PMID: 38137821 PMCID: PMC10743710 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease characterized by left ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction. Patients with DCM are at higher risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). According to current international guidelines, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35% represents the main indication for prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients with DCM. However, LVEF lacks sensitivity and specificity as a risk marker for SCD. It has been seen that the majority of patients with DCM do not actually benefit from the ICD implantation and, on the contrary, that many patients at risk of SCD are not identified as they have preserved or mildly depressed LVEF. Therefore, the use of LVEF as unique decision parameter does not maximize the benefit of ICD therapy. Multiple risk factors used in combination could likely predict SCD risk better than any single risk parameter. Several predictors have been proposed including genetic variants, electric indexes, and volumetric parameters of LV. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can improve risk stratification thanks to tissue characterization sequences such as LGE sequence, parametric mapping, and feature tracking. This review evaluates the role of CMR as a risk stratification tool in DCM patients referred for ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Argentiero
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Maria Cristina Carella
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Donato Mandunzio
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Giulia Greco
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Saima Mushtaq
- Perioperative and Cardiovascular Imaging Department, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (L.F.); (G.P.)
| | - Andrea Baggiano
- Perioperative and Cardiovascular Imaging Department, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (L.F.); (G.P.)
| | - Fabio Fazzari
- Perioperative and Cardiovascular Imaging Department, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (L.F.); (G.P.)
| | - Laura Fusini
- Perioperative and Cardiovascular Imaging Department, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (L.F.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Paolo Basile
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Paola Siena
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Nicolò Soldato
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Gianluigi Napoli
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Ezio Santobuono
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Cinzia Forleo
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Eduard Claver Garrido
- Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.G.); (A.D.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Di Marco
- Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.G.); (A.D.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- Perioperative and Cardiovascular Imaging Department, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (A.B.); (F.F.); (L.F.); (G.P.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Igoren Guaricci
- University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (M.C.C.); (D.M.); (G.G.); (P.B.); (P.S.); (N.S.); (G.N.); (V.E.S.); (C.F.)
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Zeppenfeld K, Kimura Y, Ebert M. Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Inherited Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathies. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023:S2405-500X(23)00816-2. [PMID: 38127011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the field of human genetics have led to an accumulating understanding of the genetic basis of distinct nonischemic cardiomyopathies associated with ventricular tachycardias (VTs) and sudden cardiac death. To date, there is an increasing proportion of patients with inherited cardiomyopathies requiring catheter ablation for VTs. This review provides an overview of disease-causing gene mutations frequently encountered and relevant for clinical electrophysiologists. Available data on VT ablation in patients with an inherited etiology and a phenotype of a nondilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are summarized. VTs amenable to catheter ablation are related to nonischemic fibrosis. Recent insights into genotype-phenotype relations of subtype and location of fibrosis have important implications for treatment planning. Current strategies to delineate nonischemic fibrosis and related arrhythmogenic substrates using multimodal imaging, image integration, and electroanatomical mapping are provided. The ablation approach depends on substrate location and extension. Related procedural aspects including patient-tailored (enhanced) ablation strategies and outcomes are outlined. Challenging substrates for VT and the underlying inherited etiologies with a high risk for rapid progressive heart failure contribute to poor outcomes after catheter ablation. Electroanatomical data obtained during ablation may allow the identification of patients at particular risk who need to be considered for early work-up for left ventricular assist device implantation or heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Zeppenfeld
- Department of Cardiology, Heart-Lung-Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Willem Einthoven Center of Arrhythmia Research and Management, Leiden, the Netherlands, and Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Yoshitaka Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Heart-Lung-Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Willem Einthoven Center of Arrhythmia Research and Management, Leiden, the Netherlands, and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Micaela Ebert
- Department of Cardiology, Heart-Lung-Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Di Marco A, Claver E, Anguera I. Impact of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance to Arrhythmic Risk Stratification in Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2023; 15:379-390. [PMID: 37558307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Left ventricular ejection fraction-based arrhythmic risk stratification in nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) is insufficient and has led to the failure of primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator trials, mainly due to the inability of selecting patients at high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Cardiac magnetic resonance offers unique opportunities for tissue characterization and has gained a central role in arrhythmic risk stratification in NICM. The presence of myocardial scar, denoted by late gadolinium enhancement, is a significant, independent, and strong predictor of ventricular arrhythmias and SCD with high negative predictive value. T1 maps and extracellular volume fraction, which are able to quantify diffuse fibrosis, hold promise as complementary tools but need confirmatory results from large studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Marco
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Eduard Claver
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Anguera
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Theerasuwipakorn N, Chokesuwattanaskul R, Phannajit J, Marsukjai A, Thapanasuta M, Klem I, Chattranukulchai P. Impact of late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac MRI on arrhythmic and mortality outcomes in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13775. [PMID: 37612359 PMCID: PMC10447440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk stratification based mainly on the impairment of left ventricular ejection fraction has limited performance in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Evidence is rapidly growing for the impact of myocardial scar identified by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) on cardiovascular events. We aim to assess the prognostic value of LGE on long-term arrhythmic and mortality outcomes in patients with NIDCM. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to January 21, 2022. Studies that included disease-specific subpopulations of NIDCM were excluded. Data were independently extracted and combined via random-effects meta-analysis using a generic inverse-variance strategy. Data from 60 studies comprising 15,217 patients were analyzed with a 3-year median follow-up. The presence of LGE was associated with major ventricular arrhythmic events (pooled OR: 3.99; 95% CI 3.08, 5.16), all-cause mortality (pooled OR: 2.14; 95% CI 1.81, 2.52), cardiovascular mortality (pooled OR 2.83; 95% CI 2.23, 3.60), and heart failure hospitalization (pooled OR: 2.53; 95% CI 1.78, 3.59). Real-world evidence suggests that the presence of LGE on CMR was a strong predictor of adverse long-term outcomes in patients with NIDCM. Scar assessment should be incorporated as a primary determinant in the patient selection criteria for primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Cardiac Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Ronpichai Chokesuwattanaskul
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Cardiac Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jeerath Phannajit
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichai Marsukjai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Cardiac Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mananchaya Thapanasuta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Cardiac Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Igor Klem
- Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pairoj Chattranukulchai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Cardiac Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Shalmon T, Hamad FMD, Jimenez-Juan L, Kirpalani A, Urzua Fresno CM, Folador L, Tan NS, Singh SM, Ge Y, Dorian P, Lima JAC, Wong KCK, Deva DP, Yan AT. Prognostic Value of Different Thresholds for Myocardial Scar Quantification on Cardiac MRI Late Gadolinium Enhancement Images in Patients Receiving Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2023; 5:e210247. [PMID: 37404790 PMCID: PMC10316291 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.210247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the predictive value of different myocardial scar quantification thresholds using cardiac MRI for appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shock and mortality. Materials and Methods In this retrospective, two-center observational cohort study, patients with ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy underwent cardiac MRI prior to ICD implantation. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was first determined visually and then quantified by blinded cardiac MRI readers using different SDs above the mean signal of normal myocardium, full-width half-maximum, and manual thresholding. The intermediate signal "gray zone" was calculated as the differences between different SDs. Results Among 374 consecutive eligible patients (mean age, 61 years ± 13 [SD]; mean left ventricular ejection fraction, 32% ± 14; secondary prevention, 62.7%), those with LGE had a higher rate of appropriate ICD shock or death than those without (37.5% vs 26.6%, log-rank P = .04) over a median follow-up of 61 months. In multivariable analysis, none of the thresholds for quantifying scar was a significant predictor of mortality or appropriate ICD shock, while the extent of gray zone was an independent predictor (adjusted hazard ratio per 1 g = 1.025; 95% CI: 1.008, 1.043; P = .005) regardless of the presence or absence of ischemic heart disease (P interaction = .57). Model discrimination was highest for the model incorporating the gray zone (between 2 SD and 4 SD). Conclusion Presence of LGE was associated with a higher rate of appropriate ICD shock or death. Although none of the scar quantification techniques predicted outcomes, the gray zone both in infarct and nonischemic scar was an independent predictor and may refine risk stratification.Keywords: MRI, Scar Quantification, Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator, Sudden Cardiac Death Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2023.
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9
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Di Marco A, Brown PF, Bradley J, Nucifora G, Anguera I, Miller CA, Schmitt M. Extracellular volume fraction improves risk-stratification for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 24:512-521. [PMID: 35877070 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate whether cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-based parametric mapping and strain analysis can improve the risk-stratification for ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and sudden death (SD) in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). METHODS AND RESULTS Secondary analysis of a prospective single-centre-registry (NCT02326324), including 703 consecutive NICM patients, 618 with extracellular volume (ECV) available. The combined primary endpoint included appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapies, sustained ventricular tachycardia, resuscitated cardiac arrest and SD. During a median follow-up of 21 months, 14 patients (2%) experienced the primary endpoint. Native T1 was not associated with the primary endpoint. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain lost its significant association after adjustment for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Among patients with ECV available, 11 (2%) reached the primary endpoint. Mean ECV was significantly associated with the primary endpoint and the best cut-off was 30%. ECV ≥ 30% was the strongest independent predictor of the primary endpoint (hazard ratio 14.1, P = 0.01) after adjustment for late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and LVEF. ECV ≥ 30% discriminated the arrhythmic risk among LGE+ cases and among those with LVEF ≤ 35%. A simple clinical risk-stratification model, based on LGE, LVEF ≤ 35% and ECV ≥ 30%, achieved an excellent predictive ability (Harrell's C 0.82) and reclassified the risk of 32% of the study population as compared to LVEF ≤ 35% alone. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive CMR evaluation in NICM showed that ECV was the only parameter with an independent and strong predictive value for VA/SD, on top of LGE and LVEF. A risk-stratification model based on LGE, LVEF ≤ 35% and ECV ≥ 30% achieved an excellent predictive ability for VA/SD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION UHSM CMR study (NCT02326324) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02326324.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Marco
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Calle feixa llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Pamela F Brown
- Manchester University Foundation Trust-Wythenshawe Site, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M239LT, UK
| | - Joshua Bradley
- Manchester University Foundation Trust-Wythenshawe Site, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M239LT, UK
| | - Gaetano Nucifora
- Manchester University Foundation Trust-Wythenshawe Site, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M239LT, UK
| | - Ignasi Anguera
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Calle feixa llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Christopher A Miller
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NQ, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Matthias Schmitt
- Manchester University Foundation Trust-Wythenshawe Site, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M239LT, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NQ, UK
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Al-Sadawi M, Aslam F, Tao M, Fan R, Singh A, Rashba E. Association of Late-Gadolinium Enhancement in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance with Mortality, Ventricular Arrhythmias, and Heart Failure in Patients with Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Heart Rhythm O2 2023; 4:241-250. [PMID: 37124560 PMCID: PMC10134398 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance is a predictor of adverse events in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). Objective This meta-analysis evaluated the correlation between LGE and mortality, ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden cardiac death (SCD), and heart failure (HF) outcomes. Methods A literature search was conducted for studies reporting the association between LGE in NICM and the study endpoints. The primary endpoint was mortality. Secondary endpoints included VA and SCD, HF hospitalization, improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to >35%, and heart transplantation referral. The search was not restricted to time or publication status. The minimum follow-up duration was 1 year. Results A total of 46 studies and 10,548 NICM patients (4610 with LGE, 5938 without LGE) were included; mean follow-up was 3 years (range 13-71 months). LGE was associated with increased mortality (odds ratio [OR] 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.3-3.8; P < .01) and VA and SCD (OR 4.6; 95% CI 3.5-6.0; P < .01). LGE was associated with an increased risk of HF hospitalization (OR 3.4; 95% CI 2.3-5.0; P < .01), referral for transplantation (OR 5.1; 95% CI 2.5-10.4; P < .01), and decreased incidence of LVEF improvement to >35% (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.03-0.85; P = .03). Conclusion LGE in NICM patients is associated with increased mortality, VA and SCD, and HF hospitalization and heart transplantation referral during long-term follow up. Given these competing risks of mortality and HF progression, prospective randomized controlled trials are required to determine if LGE is useful for guiding prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in NICM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric Rashba
- Address reprint requests and correspondence: Dr Eric Rashba, Stony Brook Heart Rhythm Center, Stony Brook Medicine, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794.
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11
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Rajinthan P, Gardey K, Boccalini S, Si-Mohammed S, Dulac A, Berger C, Placide L, Delinière A, Mewton N, Chevalier P, Bessière F. CMR - Late gadolinium enhancement characteristics associated with monomorphic ventricular arrhythmia in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J 2022; 22:225-230. [PMID: 35931352 PMCID: PMC9463474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipej.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rajinthan
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Kevin Gardey
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Sara Boccalini
- Radiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue Du Doyen Lépine, 69394 LYON Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Salim Si-Mohammed
- Radiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue Du Doyen Lépine, 69394 LYON Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Creatis, UMR CNRS 5220, INSERM U 1044, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Arnaud Dulac
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Clothilde Berger
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Leslie Placide
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Delinière
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Nathan Mewton
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue Du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Chevalier
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Francis Bessière
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Department, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, 28 Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon Cedex 03, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; LabTau, INSERM U 1032, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
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12
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Vakil RM, Marine JE, Kolandaivelu A, Dickfeld T, Weiss RG, Tomaselli GF, Chrispin J, Wu KC. The Association of Clustered Ventricular Arrhythmia and Cycle Length With Scar Burden in Cardiomyopathy. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2022; 8:957-966. [PMID: 35981800 PMCID: PMC10111293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with ≥2 ventricular arrhythmia (VA) events within 3 months (clustered VA) have increased risk for mortality. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the association of risk factors including scar characteristics on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging with clustered VA and VA cycle length in nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). METHODS Data from 329 primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipients (mean age 57 years, 26% women) were analyzed from the Left Ventricular Structural Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death study. RESULTS Twenty-one patients developed clustered VA (median time 2.7 years after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement). Men had the greatest risk for recurrent VA. Patients with NICM and scar had the highest incidence rate of clustered VA. In patients with NICM, each 1-g increase in core scar correlated with greater clustered VA risk (HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07-1.32). Gray scar was similar among subgroups. Patients with NICM with clustered VA had the longest mean VA cycle length (297 ± 40 milliseconds). Higher core scar burden correlated with longer VA cycle length in patients with NICM (P = 0.002), and higher body mass index correlated with shorter VA cycle length in those with ICM (P = 0.02). Type of VA was similar between cardiomyopathy subgroups, and no scar pattern predominated. CONCLUSIONS Clustered VA was most common in patients with NICM and scar, with greatest risk among those with larger core scar. Core scar correlated with slower VA in patients with NICM, and higher body mass index correlated with faster VA in those with ICM. Type of VA was similar by cardiomyopathy etiology, and no dominant scar pattern was associated with clustered VA.
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13
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Lukas Laws J, Lancaster MC, Ben Shoemaker M, Stevenson WG, Hung RR, Wells Q, Marshall Brinkley D, Hughes S, Anderson K, Roden D, Stevenson LW. Arrhythmias as Presentation of Genetic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2022; 130:1698-1722. [PMID: 35617362 PMCID: PMC9205615 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.319835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence regarding the prevalence of genetic cardiomyopathies, for which arrhythmias may be the first presentation. Ventricular and atrial arrhythmias presenting in the absence of known myocardial disease are often labelled as idiopathic, or lone. While ventricular arrhythmias are well-recognized as presentation for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in the right ventricle, the scope of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy has broadened to include those with dominant left ventricular involvement, usually with a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. In addition, careful evaluation for genetic cardiomyopathy is also warranted for patients presenting with frequent premature ventricular contractions, conduction system disease, and early onset atrial fibrillation, in which most detected genes are in the cardiomyopathy panels. Sudden death can occur early in the course of these genetic cardiomyopathies, for which risk is not adequately tracked by left ventricular ejection fraction. Only a few of the cardiomyopathy genotypes implicated in early sudden death are recognized in current indications for implantable cardioverter defibrillators which otherwise rely upon a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤0.35 in dilated cardiomyopathy. The genetic diagnoses impact other aspects of clinical management such as exercise prescription and pharmacological therapy of arrhythmias, and new therapies are coming into clinical investigation for specific genetic cardiomyopathies. The expansion of available genetic information and implications raises new challenges for genetic counseling, particularly with the family member who has no evidence of a cardiomyopathy phenotype and may face a potentially negative impact of a genetic diagnosis. Discussions of risk for both probands and relatives need to be tailored to their numeric literacy during shared decision-making. For patients presenting with arrhythmias or cardiomyopathy, extension of genetic testing and its implications will enable cascade screening, intervention to change the trajectory for specific genotype-phenotype profiles, and enable further development and evaluation of emerging targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lukas Laws
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Megan C Lancaster
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - M Ben Shoemaker
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - William G Stevenson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Rebecca R Hung
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Quinn Wells
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - D Marshall Brinkley
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sean Hughes
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Katherine Anderson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Dan Roden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lynne W Stevenson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Corbo MD, Vitale E, Pesolo M, Casavecchia G, Gravina M, Pellegrino P, Brunetti ND, Iacoviello M. Recent Non-Invasive Parameters to Identify Subjects at High Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061519. [PMID: 35329848 PMCID: PMC8955301 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain among the leading causes of death worldwide and sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for ~25% of these deaths. Despite its epidemiologic relevance, there are very few diagnostic strategies available useful to prevent SCD mainly focused on patients already affected by specific cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, most of these parameters exhibit poor positive predictive accuracy. Moreover, there is also a need to identify parameters to stratify the risk of SCD among otherwise healthy subjects. This review aims to provide an update on the most relevant non-invasive diagnostic features to identify patients at higher risk of developing malignant ventricular arrhythmias and SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Delia Corbo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Enrica Vitale
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Maurizio Pesolo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Grazia Casavecchia
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Matteo Gravina
- University Radiology Unit, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Pellegrino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Natale Daniele Brunetti
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Massimo Iacoviello
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Polyclinic Hospital of Foggia, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (M.D.C.); (E.V.); (M.P.); (G.C.); (P.P.); (N.D.B.)
- Correspondence: or
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15
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Electrocardiographic data of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cardiol Young 2022; 32:106-110. [PMID: 34724995 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121004376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. AIM The objective of our study is to evaluate the electrocardiographic data of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to determine the possibility of arrhythmia in order to prevent sudden death. METHODS Electrocardiographic data of 60 patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 86 controls, who were compatible with the patient group in terms of age and gender, were compared. RESULTS The duration of diabetes in our patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 5.23 ± 1.76 years, and the haemoglobin A1c levels were 9.63% ± 1.75%. The heart rate, QRS, QT maximum, QT dispersion, QTc minimum, QTc maximum, QTc dispersion, Tp-e maximum, Tp-e maximum/QTc maximum and the JTc were significantly higher compared to the control group. There was no significant correlation between the duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus and HbA1c levels and the electrocardiographic data. CONCLUSION We attributed the lack of a significant correlation between the duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus and the haemoglobin A1c levels and the electrocardiographic data to the fact that the duration of diabetes was short, since our patients were children. We believe that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus should be followed up closely in terms of sudden death, as they have electrocardiographic changes that may cause arrhythmias compared to the control group. However, more studies with longer follow-up periods are necessary to support our data.
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Asher C, Puyol-Antón E, Rizvi M, Ruijsink B, Chiribiri A, Razavi R, Carr-White G. The Role of AI in Characterizing the DCM Phenotype. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:787614. [PMID: 34993240 PMCID: PMC8724536 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.787614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated Cardiomyopathy is conventionally defined by left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction in the absence of coronary disease. Emerging evidence suggests many patients remain vulnerable to major adverse outcomes despite clear therapeutic success of modern evidence-based heart failure therapy. In this era of personalized medical care, the conventional assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction falls short in fully predicting evolution and risk of outcomes in this heterogenous group of heart muscle disease, as such, a more refined means of phenotyping this disease appears essential. Cardiac MRI (CMR) is well-placed in this respect, not only for its diagnostic utility, but the wealth of information captured in global and regional function assessment with the addition of unique tissue characterization across different disease states and patient cohorts. Advanced tools are needed to leverage these sensitive metrics and integrate with clinical, genetic and biochemical information for personalized, and more clinically useful characterization of the dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype. Recent advances in artificial intelligence offers the unique opportunity to impact clinical decision making through enhanced precision image-analysis tasks, multi-source extraction of relevant features and seamless integration to enhance understanding, improve diagnosis, and subsequently clinical outcomes. Focusing particularly on deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, that has garnered significant interest in the imaging community, this paper reviews the main developments that could offer more robust disease characterization and risk stratification in the Dilated Cardiomyopathy phenotype. Given its promising utility in the non-invasive assessment of cardiac diseases, we firstly highlight the key applications in CMR, set to enable comprehensive quantitative measures of function beyond the standard of care assessment. Concurrently, we revisit the added value of tissue characterization techniques for risk stratification, showcasing the deep learning platforms that overcome limitations in current clinical workflows and discuss how they could be utilized to better differentiate at-risk subgroups of this phenotype. The final section of this paper is dedicated to the allied clinical applications to imaging, that incorporate artificial intelligence and have harnessed the comprehensive abundance of data from genetics and relevant clinical variables to facilitate better classification and enable enhanced risk prediction for relevant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clint Asher
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Puyol-Antón
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maleeha Rizvi
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bram Ruijsink
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Amedeo Chiribiri
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Razavi
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerry Carr-White
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Whitaker J, Neji R, Kim S, Connolly A, Aubriot T, Calvo JJ, Karim R, Roney CH, Murfin B, Richardson C, Morgan S, Ismail TF, Harrison J, de Vos J, Aalders MCG, Williams SE, Mukherjee R, O'Neill L, Chubb H, Tschabrunn C, Anter E, Camporota L, Niederer S, Roujol S, Bishop MJ, Wright M, Silberbauer J, Razavi R, O'Neill M. Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Substrate for Ventricular Tachycardia With Hemodynamic Compromise. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:744779. [PMID: 34765656 PMCID: PMC8576410 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.744779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The majority of data regarding tissue substrate for post myocardial infarction (MI) VT has been collected during hemodynamically tolerated VT, which may be distinct from the substrate responsible for VT with hemodynamic compromise (VT-HC). This study aimed to characterize tissue at diastolic locations of VT-HC in a porcine model. Methods: Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging was performed in eight pigs with healed antero-septal infarcts. Seven pigs underwent electrophysiology study with venous arterial-extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support. Tissue thickness, scar and heterogeneous tissue (HT) transmurality were calculated at the location of the diastolic electrograms of mapped VT-HC. Results: Diastolic locations had median scar transmurality of 33.1% and a median HT transmurality 7.6%. Diastolic activation was found within areas of non-transmural scar in 80.1% of cases. Tissue activated during the diastolic component of VT circuits was thinner than healthy tissue (median thickness: 5.5 mm vs. 8.2 mm healthy tissue, p < 0.0001) and closer to HT (median distance diastolic tissue: 2.8 mm vs. 11.4 mm healthy tissue, p < 0.0001). Non-scarred regions with diastolic activation were closer to steep gradients in thickness than non-scarred locations with normal EGMs (diastolic locations distance = 1.19 mm vs. 9.67 mm for non-diastolic locations, p < 0.0001). Sites activated late in diastole were closest to steep gradients in tissue thickness. Conclusions: Non-transmural scar, mildly decreased tissue thickness, and steep gradients in tissue thickness represent the structural characteristics of the diastolic component of reentrant circuits in VT-HC in this porcine model and could form the basis for imaging criteria to define ablation targets in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Whitaker
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom.,Siemens Healthcare, Frimley, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Kim
- Abbott Medical, St Paul, MN, United States
| | - Adam Connolly
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Justo Juliá Calvo
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Rashed Karim
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H Roney
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Murfin
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Richardson
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Morgan
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tevfik F Ismail
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom.,Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Harrison
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judith de Vos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maurice C G Aalders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven E Williams
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Mukherjee
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louisa O'Neill
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Chubb
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cory Tschabrunn
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elad Anter
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Luigi Camporota
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Roujol
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Bishop
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Wright
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Silberbauer
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Razavi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark O'Neill
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Merino-Caviedes S, Gutierrez LK, Alfonso-Almazán JM, Sanz-Estébanez S, Cordero-Grande L, Quintanilla JG, Sánchez-González J, Marina-Breysse M, Galán-Arriola C, Enríquez-Vázquez D, Torres C, Pizarro G, Ibáñez B, Peinado R, Merino JL, Pérez-Villacastín J, Jalife J, López-Yunta M, Vázquez M, Aguado-Sierra J, González-Ferrer JJ, Pérez-Castellano N, Martín-Fernández M, Alberola-López C, Filgueiras-Rama D. Time-efficient three-dimensional transmural scar assessment provides relevant substrate characterization for ventricular tachycardia features and long-term recurrences in ischemic cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18722. [PMID: 34580343 PMCID: PMC8476552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) imaging requires novel and time-efficient approaches to characterize the myocardial substrate associated with ventricular arrhythmia in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Using a translational approach in pigs and patients with established myocardial infarction, we tested and validated a novel 3D methodology to assess ventricular scar using custom transmural criteria and a semiautomatic approach to obtain transmural scar maps in ventricular models reconstructed from both 3D-acquired and 3D-upsampled-2D-acquired LGE-CMR images. The results showed that 3D-upsampled models from 2D LGE-CMR images provided a time-efficient alternative to 3D-acquired sequences to assess the myocardial substrate associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Scar assessment from 2D-LGE-CMR sequences using 3D-upsampled models was superior to conventional 2D assessment to identify scar sizes associated with the cycle length of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia episodes and long-term ventricular tachycardia recurrences after catheter ablation. This novel methodology may represent an efficient approach in clinical practice after manual or automatic segmentation of myocardial borders in a small number of conventional 2D LGE-CMR slices and automatic scar detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilian K Gutierrez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge G Quintanilla
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Marina-Breysse
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Galán-Arriola
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Enríquez-Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Torres
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Pizarro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Ruber Juan Bravo Quironsalud UEM, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,IIS-University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Peinado
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Merino
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Pérez-Villacastín
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Interhospitalaria para la Investigación Cardiovascular (FIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Jalife
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mariano Vázquez
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain.,ELEM Biotech SL., Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juan José González-Ferrer
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicasio Pérez-Castellano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Interhospitalaria para la Investigación Cardiovascular (FIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - David Filgueiras-Rama
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Guaricci AI, Masci PG, Muscogiuri G, Guglielmo M, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Lorenzoni V, Martini C, Andreini D, Pavon AG, Aquaro GD, Barison A, Todiere G, Rabbat MG, Tat E, Raineri C, Valentini A, Varga-Szemes A, Schoepf UJ, De Cecco CN, Bogaert J, Dobrovie M, Symons R, Focardi M, Gismondi A, Lozano-Torres J, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Lanzillo C, Di Roma M, Moro C, Di Giovine G, Margonato D, De Lazzari M, Perazzolo Marra M, Nese A, Casavecchia G, Gravina M, Marzo F, Carigi S, Pica S, Lombardi M, Censi S, Squeri A, Palumbo A, Gaibazzi N, Camastra G, Sbarbati S, Pedrotti P, Masi A, Carrabba N, Pradella S, Timpani M, Cicala G, Presicci C, Puglisi S, Sverzellati N, Santobuono VE, Pepi M, Schwitter J, Pontone G. CarDiac magnEtic Resonance for prophylactic Implantable-cardioVerter defibrillAtor ThErapy in Non-Ischaemic dilated CardioMyopathy: an international Registry. Europace 2021; 23:1072-1083. [PMID: 33792661 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this registry was to evaluate the additional prognostic value of a composite cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-based risk score over standard-of-care (SOC) evaluation in a large cohort of consecutive unselected non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS In the DERIVATE registry (www.clinicaltrials.gov/registration: RCT#NCT03352648), 1000 (derivation cohort) and 508 (validation cohort) NICM patients with chronic heart failure (HF) and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% were included. All-cause mortality and major adverse arrhythmic cardiac events (MAACE) were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. During a median follow-up of 959 days, all-cause mortality and MAACE occurred in 72 (7%) and 93 (9%) patients, respectively. Age and >3 segments with midwall fibrosis on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were the only independent predictors of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.036, 95% CI: 1.0117-1.056, P < 0.001 and HR: 2.077, 95% CI: 1.211-3.562, P = 0.008, respectively). For MAACE, the independent predictors were male gender, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index by CMR (CMR-LVEDVi), and >3 segments with midwall fibrosis on LGE (HR: 2.131, 95% CI: 1.231-3.690, P = 0.007; HR: 3.161, 95% CI: 1.750-5.709, P < 0.001; and HR: 1.693, 95% CI: 1.084-2.644, P = 0.021, respectively). A composite clinical and CMR-based risk score provided a net reclassification improvement of 63.7% (P < 0.001) for MAACE occurrence when added to the model based on SOC evaluation. These findings were confirmed in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION In a large multicentre, multivendor cohort registry reflecting daily clinical practice in NICM work-up, a composite clinical and CMR-based risk score provides incremental prognostic value beyond SOC evaluation, which may have impact on the indication of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giuseppe Muscogiuri
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Guglielmo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Baggiano
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fusini
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Martini
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Andreini
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Giulia Pavon
- Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne, CHUV, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni D Aquaro
- U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Barison
- U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Todiere
- U.O.C. Risonanza Magnetica per Immagini, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Emily Tat
- Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Claudia Raineri
- Department of Cardiology, Città della salute e della Scienza - Ospedale Molinette -Turin, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adele Valentini
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Akos Varga-Szemes
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - U Joseph Schoepf
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Carlo N De Cecco
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jan Bogaert
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Monica Dobrovie
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rolf Symons
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Focardi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Annalaura Gismondi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Jordi Lozano-Torres
- Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josè F Rodriguez-Palomares
- Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciín Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER CV. Spain
| | | | - Mauro Di Roma
- Cardiology Department, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Moro
- Department of Cardiology, ASST Monza, P.O. Desio, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Alberto Nese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua Medical School, Padova, Italy
| | - Grazia Casavecchia
- Cardiology Department, Ca' Foncello Hospital Azienda N 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Matteo Gravina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Samuela Carigi
- Department of Cardiology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy
| | - Silvia Pica
- Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Lombardi
- Multimodality Cardiac Imaging Section, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Censi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Angelo Squeri
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Alessandro Palumbo
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Gaibazzi
- Department of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Patrizia Pedrotti
- 'De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Masi
- 'De Gasperis' Cardio Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Nazario Carrabba
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department of Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Timpani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gloria Cicala
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Presicci
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Puglisi
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Sverzellati
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Pepi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Cardiovascular Department, CMR Center, University Hospital Lausanne, CHUV, Switzerland.,Lausanne University, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- Department of Cardiovascular, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy
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20
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A Novel Gene Signature to Predict Survival Time and Incident Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2020:8847635. [PMID: 33014188 PMCID: PMC7512094 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8847635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mortality in nonischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) patients is still at a high level; sudden death in NIDCM can be caused by ventricular tachycardia. It is necessary to explore the pathogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in NIDCM. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparing the gene expression of NIDCM patients with or without VA in the gene expression profile of GSE135055. A total of 228 DEGs were obtained, and 3 genes were screened out to be significantly related to the survival time of NIDCM patients. We established a prediction model on two-gene (TOMM22, PPP2R5A) signature for the survival time of NIDCM patients. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.75 calculated by the ROC curve analysis. These risk genes are probably new targets for exploring the pathogenesis of NIDCM with VA; the prediction model for survival time and incident ventricular arrhythmias is useful in clinical decision making for individual treatment.
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21
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Anagnostopoulos I, Kousta M, Kossyvakis C, Lakka E, Paraskevaidis NT, Schizas N, Alexopoulos N, Deftereos S, Giannopoulos G. The prognostic role of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and reduced ejection fraction, implanted with cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2021; 63:523-530. [PMID: 34218421 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-021-01027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is associated with arrhythmic events in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), while others have questioned the role of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as a sole predictor of future events. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of LGE on CMR in identifying patients with NICM and reduced LVEF for whom a benefit from defibrillator implantation for primary prevention is not anticipated, thus they are mainly exposed to potential risks. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched for studies reporting the incidence of appropriate device therapy (ADT), sudden cardiac death (SCD), and cardiac death based on the presence of LGE on CMR, among patients with NICM and reduced LVEF, implanted with a cardioverter defibrillator for primary prevention. RESULTS Eleven studies (1652 patients, 947 with LGE) were included in the final analysis. LGE presence was strongly associated with ADT (logOR: 1.95, 95%CI: 1.21-2.69) and cardiac death (logOR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.14-1.68), but not with SCD (logOR: 0.26, 95%CI: -1.09-1.6). Diagnostic accuracy analysis demonstrated that contrast enhancement is a sensitive marker of future ADT and cardiac death (93%, 95%CI: 85.8-96.7%; 82.9%, 95%CI: 70.6-90.7%; respectively), with moderate specificity ( 44%, 95%CI: 27.2-62.6%; 37.7%, 95%CI: 23.4-54.6%; respectively). CONCLUSION LGE is a highly sensitive predictor of ADT and cardiac death in NICM patients implanted with a defibrillator for primary prevention. However, due to moderate specificity, derivation of a cutoff with adequate predictive values and probably a multifactorial approach are needed to improve discrimination of patients who will not benefit from ICDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Anagnostopoulos
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas,", 154 Mesogion Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Kousta
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas,", 154 Mesogion Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Kossyvakis
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas,", 154 Mesogion Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Lakka
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas,", 154 Mesogion Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Schizas
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Spyridon Deftereos
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Giannopoulos
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas,", 154 Mesogion Avenue, 11527, Athens, Greece
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22
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CMR-Based Risk Stratification of Sudden Cardiac Death and Use of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137115. [PMID: 34281168 PMCID: PMC8268120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) is one of the most important entities for arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Previous studies suggest a lower benefit of implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with NICM as compared to ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Nevertheless, current guidelines do not differentiate between the two subgroups in recommending ICD implantation. Hence, risk stratification is required to determine the subgroup of patients with NICM who will likely benefit from ICD therapy. Various predictors have been proposed, among others genetic mutations, left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left-ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDD), and T-wave alternans (TWA). In addition to these parameters, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has the potential to further improve risk stratification. CMR allows the comprehensive analysis of cardiac function and myocardial tissue composition. A range of CMR parameters have been associated with SCD. Applicable examples include late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), T1 relaxation times, and myocardial strain. This review evaluates the epidemiological aspects of SCD in NICM, the role of CMR for risk stratification, and resulting indications for ICD implantation.
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23
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Laina A, Gatzoulis KA, Soulaidopoulos S, Arsenos P, Doundoulakis I, Tsiachris D, Sideris S, Kordalis A, Tousoulis D, Tsioufis K. Time to reconsider risk stratification in dilated cardiomyopathy. Hellenic J Cardiol 2021; 62:392-393. [PMID: 33839282 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Laina
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - K A Gatzoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - S Soulaidopoulos
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - P Arsenos
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - I Doundoulakis
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - D Tsiachris
- Athens Heart Center, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
| | - S Sideris
- State Department of Cardiology, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A Kordalis
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - D Tousoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - K Tsioufis
- First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Nishimura T, Patel HN, Wang S, Upadhyay GA, Smith HL, Ozcan C, Shatz DY, Nayak HM, Patel AR, Tung R. Prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance septal late gadolinium enhancement patterns for periaortic ventricular tachycardia ablation: Heterogeneity of the anteroseptal substrate in nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Heart Rhythm 2020; 18:579-588. [PMID: 33301979 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular tachycardia (VT) from the anteroseptal subtype of nonischemic cardiomyopathy has a high probability of recurrence after catheter ablation. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of septal scar patterns by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) on ablation outcomes in patients with VT arising from an anteroseptal substrate. METHODS Patients with periaortic VT arising from an anteroseptal substrate with preprocedural wideband LGE-CMR were divided into 2 groups by the degree of longitudinal septal LGE extension as full-length septal (≥80% anteroposterior length) or partial septal (<80% anteroposterior length). Septal LGE volumes were quantified in those with and without VT recurrence. RESULTS Among 234 patients referred for scar-related VT ablation between 2017 and 2020, 25 patients (92% male; age 64 ± 8 years) and a total of 108 VTs were analyzed. A greater number of VT morphologies were induced in patients with full-length septal LGE compared to partial septal LGE (median [interquartile range]: 5 [3-9] vs 2 [1-4]; P = .005). Patients with VT recurrence had larger septal LGE volumes compared to those without recurrence (11.4 mL [8.8-13.9] vs 4.2 mL [0-9.5]; P = .012). At median follow-up of 16 months (5-22), overall freedom from VT recurrence was 52% and significantly higher in patients with partial septal LGE than in those with full-length septal LGE (80% vs 20%; P = .005). CONCLUSION VT originating from an anteroseptal substrate is associated with heterogeneous patterns and extent of CMR septal scar. Preprocedural imaging may substratify this challenging patient population for the propensity for multiple induced VT morphologies and recurrence after catheter ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Nishimura
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hena N Patel
- Cardiac Imaging Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shuo Wang
- Cardiac Imaging Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gaurav A Upadhyay
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Heather L Smith
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cevher Ozcan
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dalise Y Shatz
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hemal M Nayak
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amit R Patel
- Cardiac Imaging Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roderick Tung
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
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Cronin EM, Bogun FM, Maury P, Peichl P, Chen M, Namboodiri N, Aguinaga L, Leite LR, Al-Khatib SM, Anter E, Berruezo A, Callans DJ, Chung MK, Cuculich P, d'Avila A, Deal BJ, Della Bella P, Deneke T, Dickfeld TM, Hadid C, Haqqani HM, Kay GN, Latchamsetty R, Marchlinski F, Miller JM, Nogami A, Patel AR, Pathak RK, Sáenz Morales LC, Santangeli P, Sapp JL, Sarkozy A, Soejima K, Stevenson WG, Tedrow UB, Tzou WS, Varma N, Zeppenfeld K. 2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. Europace 2020; 21:1143-1144. [PMID: 31075787 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta-analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow-up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Peichl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Minglong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | | | - Elad Anter
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre d'Avila
- Hospital Cardiologico SOS Cardio, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Barbara J Deal
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Hadid
- Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- University of Queensland, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - G Neal Kay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - John M Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Akash R Patel
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - John L Sapp
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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Cronin EM, Bogun FM, Maury P, Peichl P, Chen M, Namboodiri N, Aguinaga L, Leite LR, Al-Khatib SM, Anter E, Berruezo A, Callans DJ, Chung MK, Cuculich P, d'Avila A, Deal BJ, Bella PD, Deneke T, Dickfeld TM, Hadid C, Haqqani HM, Kay GN, Latchamsetty R, Marchlinski F, Miller JM, Nogami A, Patel AR, Pathak RK, Saenz Morales LC, Santangeli P, Sapp JL, Sarkozy A, Soejima K, Stevenson WG, Tedrow UB, Tzou WS, Varma N, Zeppenfeld K. 2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2020; 59:145-298. [PMID: 31984466 PMCID: PMC7223859 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-019-00663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta-analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow-up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Peichl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Minglong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | | | - Elad Anter
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre d'Avila
- Hospital Cardiologico SOS Cardio, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Barbara J Deal
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Hadid
- Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- University of Queensland, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - G Neal Kay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - John M Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Akash R Patel
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - John L Sapp
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Updating the Risk Stratification for Sudden Cardiac Death in Cardiomyopathies: The Evolving Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. An Approach for the Electrophysiologist. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10080541. [PMID: 32751773 PMCID: PMC7460122 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in cardiomyopathies (CM) remains a challenge. The current guidelines still favor the implantation of devices for the primary prevention of SCD only in patients with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart failure (HF) symptoms. The implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is a protective barrier against arrhythmic events in CMs, but the benefit does not outweigh the cost in low risk patients. The identification of high risk patients is the key to an individualized prevention strategy. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides reliable and reproducible information about biventricular function and tissue characterization. Furthermore, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) quantification and pattern of distribution, as well as abnormal T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV), representing indices of diffuse fibrosis, can enhance our ability to detect high risk patients. CMR can also complement electro-anatomical mapping (EAM), a technique already applied in the risk evaluation and in the ventricular arrhythmias ablation therapy of CM patients, providing a more accurate assessment of fibrosis and arrhythmic corridors. As a result, CMR provides a new insight into the pathological substrate of CM. CMR may help identify high risk CM patients and, combined with EAM, can provide an integrated evaluation of scar and arrhythmic corridors in the ablative therapy of ventricular arrhythmias.
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28
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Arrhythmic risk stratification by cardiac magnetic resonance tissue characterization: disclosing the arrhythmic substrate within the heart muscle. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 27:49-69. [PMID: 32564329 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-09986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a pivotal health problem worldwide. The identification of subjects at increased risk of SCD is crucial for the accurate selection of candidates for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Current strategies for arrhythmic stratification largely rely on left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), mostly measured by echocardiography, and New York Heart Association functional status for heart failure with reduced EF. For specific diseases, such as hypertrophic and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, some risk scores have been proposed; however, these scores take into account some parameters that are a partial reflection of the global arrhythmic risk and show a suboptimal accuracy. Thanks to a more comprehensive evaluation, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides insights into the heart muscle (the so-called tissue characterization) identifying cardiac fibrosis as an arrhythmic substrate. Combining sequences before and after administration of contrast media and mapping techniques, CMR is able to characterize the myocardial tissue composition, shedding light on both intracellular and extracellular alterations. Over time, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) emerged as solid prognostic marker, strongly associated with major arrhythmic events regardless of LVEF, adding incremental value over current strategy in ischemic heart disease and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. The evidence on a potential prognostic role of mapping imaging is promising. However, mapping techniques require further investigation and standardization. Disclosing the arrhythmic substrate within the myocardium, CMR should be considered as part of a multiparametric approach to personalized arrhythmic stratification.
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29
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Bluemke DA, James CA, Te Riele ASJM. Risk Stratification in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Not a One-Size-Fits-All Strategy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:2766-2768. [PMID: 32498803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Bluemke
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - Cynthia A James
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anneline S J M Te Riele
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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30
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Centurión OA, Alderete JF, Torales JM, García LB, Scavenius KE, Miño LM. Myocardial Fibrosis as a Pathway of Prediction of Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Crit Pathw Cardiol 2020; 18:89-97. [PMID: 31094736 DOI: 10.1097/hpc.0000000000000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) is mostly due to sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. The clinical guidelines for the therapeutic management of this set of patients are mostly based on left ventricular ejection fraction value which has a low specificity to differentiate the risk of SCD from the risk of mortality associated with heart failure or other comorbidities. Moreover, since SCD can occur in patients with normal or mildly depressed ejection fraction, it is necessary to identify new markers to improve the prognostic stratification of SCD. Several studies that analyzed the ventricular arrhythmia substrate found that myocardial fibrosis plays an important role in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with NIDCM. The surrounding zone of the area of fibrosis is a heterogeneous medium, where tissue with different levels of fibrosis coexists, resulting in both viable and nonviable myocardium. This myocardial fibrosis may constitute a substrate for ventricular arrhythmias, where slow and heterogeneous conduction may favor the genesis of reentry mechanism increasing the chance to develop sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Therefore, the evaluation of ventricular fibrosis by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has been suggested as an indicator for SCD risk stratification. Indeed, LGE in patients with NIDCM is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and SCD. Detection of myocardial fibrosis as LGE by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can be considered as a useful pathway of prediction of malignant ventricular arrhythmias since it has excellent prognostic characteristics and may help guide risk stratification and management in patients with NIDCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmar Antonio Centurión
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinic Hospital, Asuncion National University (UNA), San Lorenzo, Paraguay.,Department of Health Sciences Investigation, Sanatorio Metropolitano, Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay
| | - José Fernando Alderete
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinic Hospital, Asuncion National University (UNA), San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Judith María Torales
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinic Hospital, Asuncion National University (UNA), San Lorenzo, Paraguay.,Department of Health Sciences Investigation, Sanatorio Metropolitano, Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay
| | - Laura Beatriz García
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinic Hospital, Asuncion National University (UNA), San Lorenzo, Paraguay.,Department of Health Sciences Investigation, Sanatorio Metropolitano, Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay
| | - Karina Elizabeth Scavenius
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinic Hospital, Asuncion National University (UNA), San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Luis Marcelo Miño
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinic Hospital, Asuncion National University (UNA), San Lorenzo, Paraguay
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31
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Nishimura T, Beaser AD, Aziz ZA, Upadhyay GA, Ozcan C, Raiman M, Shatz DY, Besser SA, Shatz NA, Nayak HM, Tung R. Periaortic ventricular tachycardia in structural heart disease: Evidence of localized reentrant mechanisms. Heart Rhythm 2020; 17:1271-1279. [PMID: 32325198 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms for scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) originating from the periaortic region remain incompletely characterized. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to map the circuits responsible for periaortic VT in high resolution. METHODS Cases with periaortic VT (2016-2020) were analyzed to characterize the substrate and mechanisms with multielectrode mapping. Periaortic VT was defined as low-voltage and/or deceleration zones within 2 cm of the left ventriculoaortic junction with a corresponding critical site during VT. RESULTS Forty-nine periaortic monomorphic VTs were analyzed in 30 patients (25% of all patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy). Isolated periaortic substrate was observed in 27% of patients, with 73% having concomitant scar, most commonly in the mid-septum (47%). Deceleration zones were equally prevalent on the septal and lateral portions of the periaortic region (87% vs 73%; P = .19). During activation mapping of VT (tachycardia cycle length 392 ± 105 ms), localized reentrant patterns of activation (14 mm [10-17 mm] × 10 mm [7-14 mm]) were demonstrated in 63% and 37% of VTs showed centrifugal activation, consistent with a focal breakout pattern. Ninety-three percent of VTs fulfilled criteria for a reentrant mechanism. Sixty-five percent of reentrant circuits had endocardial activation gaps within the tachycardia cycle length (3-dimensional circuitry), which were associated with higher rates of recurrence as compared with 2-dimensional complete circuits at 1 year (73% vs 37%; P = .028). CONCLUSION Periaortic VTs were observed in 25% of patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and scar-related VT. For the first time, localized reentry confined to this anatomically challenging region was demonstrated as the predominant mechanism by high-resolution circuit activation mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Nishimura
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew D Beaser
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zaid A Aziz
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gaurav A Upadhyay
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cevher Ozcan
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Dalise Y Shatz
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephanie A Besser
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Hemal M Nayak
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roderick Tung
- Center for Arrhythmia Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
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Inanır M, Gunes Y, Sincer I, Erdal E. Evaluation of Electrocardiographic Ventricular Depolarization and Repolarization Variables in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:275-280. [PMID: 32215498 PMCID: PMC7077569 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20180343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The risk of cardiovascular events and sudden death increases with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Objective To evaluate electrocardiographic markers of arrhythmias in T1DM patients. Methods Electrocardiographic parameters reflecting ventricular depolarization and repolarization, namely, QT, QTc, QTd, QTdc, Tp-e, JT, and JTc intervals and Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios, of 46 patients diagnosed with T1DM were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 46 healthy age-, sex-, and body mass-matched controls. Correlations between T1DM duration, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and ventricular repolarization variables were analyzed. P values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Diabetes duration was 16.6 ± 7.1 years, and HbA1c was 10.81% ± 3.27% in the T1DM group. In comparison with the control group, heart rate, QTc, QTd, QTdc, Tp-e and JTc intervals, Tp-e/QT ratio (p < 0.001), and Tp-e/QTc ratio (p = 0.007) were significantly higher in T1DM patients. T1DM duration and HbA1c levels were significantly correlated with QTc, QTd, QTdc, Tp-e, and JTc intervals and Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios. Conclusions In T1DM patients, potential electrocardiographic repolarization predictors were significantly increased in correlation with disease duration and HbA1c levels. These findings may contribute to the understanding of sudden cardiac death in patients with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Inanır
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu - Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Gunes
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu - Turkey
| | - Isa Sincer
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu - Turkey
| | - Emrah Erdal
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu - Turkey
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33
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Galand V, Ghoshhajra B, Szymonifka J, Das S, Leclercq C, Martins RP, Truong QA, Singh JP. Utility of Computed Tomography to Predict Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Receiving Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:607-612. [PMID: 31812225 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The residual risk of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) remains difficult to evaluate. The impact of left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (WT) measured using computed tomography (CT) on the occurrence of VA after CRT implantation has never been investigated. In this pilot study, we examined the association of LV WT and the occurrence of VA in NICM patients receiving CRT. Thirty three patients with NICM scheduled for CRT underwent preprocedural CT. Reduced LV WT was defined as WT <6 mm and quantified as a percentage of total LV area. The end point was the occurrence of VA episode during 2-years follow-up after CRT implantation. During the 2-years follow-up, a total of 37 VA episodes occurred in 6 (18.2%) patients. Patients with VA exhibited significantly higher NT-pro BNP level before CRT implantation. Additionally, CT analysis showed that patients with VA had a higher percentage of total LV with reduced WT compared with those free from VA (49.5% vs 25.8%, respectively; p = 0.005). In multivariable analysis, the total percentage of LV area with WT <6 mm was the only predictor of VA (odds ratio 1.07 [1.00 to 1.14]; p = 0.047). Receiver-operator curves analysis for total percentage of LVWT <6 mm demonstrated that an optimal cut-off value of 40% differentiated patients at risk of VA. In conclusion, LVWT evaluated using cardiac CT is an independent predictor of VA in NICM patients implanted with CRT. Patients with a total percentage of LVWT <6 mm ≥40% are especially at high risk of VA after CRT implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Galand
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, Rennes, France; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Brian Ghoshhajra
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology (Cardiovascular Imaging), Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jackie Szymonifka
- Department of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Quynh A Truong
- Department of Radiology and Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jagmeet P Singh
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Yue T, Chen B, Wu L, Xu J, Pu J. Prognostic Value of Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Predicting Life‐Threatening Arrhythmias in Heart Failure Patients With Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillators: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1422-1439. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yue
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Bing‐Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Lian‐Ming Wu
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jian‐Rong Xu
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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Electroanatomical Mapping at a Crossroads. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2019; 5:1168-1171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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MILAN DAVID, KLEIN HELMUT, GIMBEL JROD, KNILANS TIMOTHY, MIRRO MICHAEL, ZIRILLE FRANCIS. Considering the Need to Expand the Indications for Wearable Defibrillator Therapy. J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2019; 10:3751-3760. [PMID: 32494421 PMCID: PMC7252810 DOI: 10.19102/icrm.2019.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Nelson T, Garg P, Clayton RH, Lee J. The Role of Cardiac MRI in the Management of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Ischaemic and Non-ischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2019; 8:191-201. [PMID: 31463057 PMCID: PMC6702467 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2019.5.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and VF account for the majority of sudden cardiac deaths worldwide. Treatments for VT/VF include anti-arrhythmic drugs, ICDs and catheter ablation, but these treatments vary in effectiveness and carry substantial risks and/or expense. Current methods of selecting patients for ICD implantation are imprecise and fail to identify some at-risk patients, while leading to others being overtreated. In this article, the authors discuss the current role and future direction of cardiac MRI (CMRI) in refining diagnosis and personalising ventricular arrhythmia management. The capability of CMRI with gadolinium contrast delayed-enhancement patterns and, more recently, T1 mapping to determine the aetiology of patients presenting with heart failure is well established. Although CMRI imaging in patients with ICDs can be challenging, recent technical developments have started to overcome this. CMRI can contribute to risk stratification, with precise and reproducible assessment of ejection fraction, quantification of scar and 'border zone' volumes, and other indices. Detailed tissue characterisation has begun to enable creation of personalised computer models to predict an individual patient's arrhythmia risk. When patients require VT ablation, a substrate-based approach is frequently employed as haemodynamic instability may limit electrophysiological activation mapping. Beyond accurate localisation of substrate, CMRI could be used to predict the location of re-entrant circuits within the scar to guide ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Nelson
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSheffield, UK
- Department of Immunity, Infection and Cardiovascular Disease, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSheffield, UK
- Department of Immunity, Infection and Cardiovascular Disease, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
| | - Richard H Clayton
- INSIGNEO Institute for In-Silico Medicine, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
- Department of Computer Science, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
| | - Justin Lee
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSheffield, UK
- Department of Immunity, Infection and Cardiovascular Disease, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
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Markman TM, Nazarian S. Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias: What's New? Trends Cardiovasc Med 2019; 29:249-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cronin EM, Bogun FM, Maury P, Peichl P, Chen M, Namboodiri N, Aguinaga L, Leite LR, Al-Khatib SM, Anter E, Berruezo A, Callans DJ, Chung MK, Cuculich P, d'Avila A, Deal BJ, Della Bella P, Deneke T, Dickfeld TM, Hadid C, Haqqani HM, Kay GN, Latchamsetty R, Marchlinski F, Miller JM, Nogami A, Patel AR, Pathak RK, Saenz Morales LC, Santangeli P, Sapp JL, Sarkozy A, Soejima K, Stevenson WG, Tedrow UB, Tzou WS, Varma N, Zeppenfeld K. 2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. Heart Rhythm 2019; 17:e2-e154. [PMID: 31085023 PMCID: PMC8453449 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta-analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow-up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Peichl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Minglong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | | | - Elad Anter
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre d'Avila
- Hospital Cardiologico SOS Cardio, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Barbara J Deal
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Hadid
- Hospital General de Agudos Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- University of Queensland, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - G Neal Kay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - John M Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Akash R Patel
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - John L Sapp
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Andrea Sarkozy
- University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Ebert M, Richter S, Dinov B, Zeppenfeld K, Hindricks G. Evaluation and management of ventricular tachycardia in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Heart Rhythm 2019; 16:624-631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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41
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Narayan SM, Wang PJ, Daubert JP. New Concepts in Sudden Cardiac Arrest to Address an Intractable Epidemic: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 73:70-88. [PMID: 30621954 PMCID: PMC6398445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is one of the largest causes of mortality globally, with an out-of-hospital survival below 10% despite intense research. This document outlines challenges in addressing the epidemic of SCA, along the framework of respond, understand and predict, and prevent. Response could be improved by technology-assisted orchestration of community responder systems, access to automated external defibrillators, and innovations to match resuscitation resources to victims in place and time. Efforts to understand and predict SCA may be enhanced by refining taxonomy along phenotypical and pathophysiological "axes of risk," extending beyond cardiovascular pathology to identify less heterogeneous cohorts, facilitated by open-data platforms and analytics including machine learning to integrate discoveries across disciplines. Prevention of SCA must integrate these concepts, recognizing that all members of society are stakeholders. Ultimately, solutions to the public health challenge of SCA will require greater awareness, societal debate and focused public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv M Narayan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
| | - Paul J Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - James P Daubert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Predicción del riesgo de muerte súbita cardiaca: el papel de la resonancia magnética cardiaca. Rev Esp Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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43
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Santoro F, Metzner A, Scholz L, Brunetti ND, Heeger CH, Rillig A, Reissmann B, Lemeš C, Maurer T, Fink T, Inaba O, Hashiguchi N, Kuck KH, Ouyang F, Mathew S. Prognostic significance of ventricular tachycardia clustering after catheter ablation in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Clin Res Cardiol 2018; 108:539-548. [PMID: 30350253 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-018-1384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular tachycardia clustering (VTc) is associated with a worse clinical outcome in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NI-DCM) and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD); however, its role after catheter ablation (CA) has still not been investigated. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of VTc after CA. METHODS 96 consecutive patients (59 ± 13 years, 82% males) with NI-DCM underwent CA for drug-refractory VT. After CA, patients with VT recurrence were divided into two groups: (1) patients that presented with VTc defined as the occurrence of three or more appropriate ICD interventions within 2 weeks, and (2) patients without VTc. RESULTS At 56-months follow-up after ablation 52/96 (54%) patients had recurrent VT, 28/52 (54%) patients experienced VTc and 24/52 (46%) no VTc. When comparing patients with VTc after CA with those without, no differences in terms of age, sex, ejection fraction and cardiovascular risk factors were found. However, patients with VTc showed higher mortality rates at follow-up (54% vs 21% p = 0.04; log-rank p ≤ 0.01). No survival differences were found between patients without VT recurrence and those with VT recurrence but without VTc (29% vs 21% p = 0.77). Predictors of VTc were LVEF < 30% at follow-up and endo-epicardial scar at 3D voltage mapping. At stepwise multivariate analysis VTc and NHYA class were the only independent predictors of death (respectively, RR 3.4, CI 95% 1.16-10.3, p = 0.02; RR 4.18, CI 95% 1.3-12.6, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS VTc after CA is an independent predictor of survival and is associated with reduced LVEF at follow-up and endo-epicardial scar at 3D voltage mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Santoro
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Andreas Metzner
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leonie Scholz
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian-H Heeger
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany.,University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Rillig
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Reissmann
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Lemeš
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tilmann Maurer
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fink
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Osamu Inaba
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Naotaka Hashiguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Kuck
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Feifan Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shibu Mathew
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik, St Georg, Lohmühlenstraße 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
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Zeppenfeld K. Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2018; 4:1123-1140. [PMID: 30236385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Catheter ablation is being increasingly performed as adjunctive treatment to prevent recurrent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia (VT). In the context of VT ablation, nonischemic cardiomyopathy usually refers to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) as one morphological phenotype. Over the past decades, progress has been made to better characterize distinct subtypes and to differentiate between causes of DCM, which has important practical and prognostic implications. The goal of this review is to summarize available data on VT ablation in patients with DCM and, more specifically, review procedural and outcome data in specific etiologies and substrate location. It will focus on our current understanding of nonischemic scars, as well as the value of multimodal imaging, image integration, and electroanatomic mapping for substrate identification, procedural planning, and ablation. In addition, recent findings from whole human heart histology of patients with DCM and VT and their potential implications for imaging and mapping will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Zeppenfeld
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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45
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van der Bijl P, Podlesnikar T, Bax JJ, Delgado V. Sudden Cardiac Death Risk Prediction: The Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 71:961-970. [PMID: 29970349 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for more than 4 million global deaths per year. While it is most commonly caused by coronary artery disease, a final common pathway of ventricular arrhythmias is shared by different etiologies. The most effective primary and secondary prevention strategy is an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The decision to implant an ICD for primary prevention is largely based on a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35%, but this criterion in isolation is neither sensitive nor specific. Novel imaging parameters hold promise to improve ICD candidate selection. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a powerful and versatile technique, with the ability to comprehensively assess cardiac structure and function. A range of variables based on CMR techniques (late gadolinium enhancement, T1 mapping, T2* relaxometry, deformation imaging) have been associated with ventricular arrhythmias and SCD risk. The role of CMR in the estimation of ventricular arrhythmias and SCD risk in coronary artery disease, nonischemic cardiomyopathies, cardiac transplant, iron-overload cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease is reviewed in this article. Prospective, randomized trials and standardization of CMR techniques are required before its routine use can be recommended for guiding SCD prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter van der Bijl
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tomaž Podlesnikar
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Kuzu F. The effect of type 2 diabetes on electrocardiographic markers of significant cardiac events. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34:626-632. [PMID: 30034428 PMCID: PMC6041533 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.343.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objectives: In diabetics, cardiac microvascular circulation disorder increases the risk of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Tpeak-Tend (Tp-e) interval, Tp-e dispersion, and Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios measured by surface electrocardiogram (ECG) are new parameters used to evaluate ventricular arrhythmogenity. We aimed to compare QT dispersion (QTd), corrected QT dispersion (QTcd), P dispersion (Pd), Tp-e interval, Tp-e dispersion, and Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios in patients with type- 2 diabetes (T2D) with healthy population. Methods: Electrocardiographic parameters of a total of 100 patients diagnosed with T2D were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the ECG results of 100 healthy age-, sex-, and body weight and height-matched controls. Results: The Pd, QT interval, QTc interval, QTd, QTcd, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QT ratios were higher in the patients. A statistically significant correlation was found only between hemoglobin A1c and Tp-e dispersion, QTd, QTcd, Pd, Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc parameters, in linear regression analysis. There was also a statistically significant positive correlation between the values of low-density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure, and Tp-e dispersion. Conclusion: The risk of arrhythmia can be predicted by evaluating Tp-e interval, Tp-e dispersion, Tp-e/QT, and Tp-e/QTc ratio, suggesting heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization and P wave and Pd showing heterogeneity of atrial repolarization in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Kuzu
- Fatih Kuzu, MD. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Celebi Training and Research Hospital, Kutahya, Turkey
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Becker MAJ, Cornel JH, van de Ven PM, van Rossum AC, Allaart CP, Germans T. The Prognostic Value of Late Gadolinium-Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Review and Meta-Analysis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 11:1274-1284. [PMID: 29680351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review and meta-analysis reviews the prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). BACKGROUND Late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) CMR is a noninvasive method to determine the underlying cause of DCM and previous studies reported the prognostic value of the presence of LGE to identify patients at risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. METHODS PubMed was searched for studies describing the prognostic implication of LGE in patients with DCM for the specified endpoints cardiovascular mortality, major ventricular arrhythmic events including appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy, rehospitalization for heart failure, and left ventricular reverse remodeling. RESULTS Data from 34 studies were included, with a total of 4,554 patients. Contrast enhancement was present in 44.8% of DCM patients. Patients with LGE had increased cardiovascular mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 3.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.04 to 5.67), ventricular arrhythmic events (OR: 4.52; 95% CI: 3.41 to 5.99), and rehospitalization for heart failure (OR: 2.66; 95% CI: 1.67 to 4.24) compared with those without LGE. Moreover, the absence of LGE predicted left ventricular reverse remodeling (OR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.36). CONCLUSIONS The presence of LGE on CMR substantially worsens prognosis for adverse cardiovascular events in DCM patients, and the absence indicates left ventricular reverse remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe A J Becker
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan H Cornel
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M van de Ven
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert C van Rossum
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P Allaart
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tjeerd Germans
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Mahida S, Sacher F, Dubois R, Sermesant M, Bogun F, Haïssaguerre M, Jaïs P, Cochet H. Cardiac Imaging in Patients With Ventricular Tachycardia. Circulation 2017; 136:2491-2507. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.029349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death. The majority of malignant VTs occur in patients with structural heart disease. Multimodality imaging techniques play an integral role in determining the underlying etiology and prognostic significance of VT. In recent years, advances in imaging technology have enabled characterization of the structural arrhythmogenic substrate in patients with VT with increasing precision. In parallel with these advances, the role of cardiac imaging has expanded from a largely diagnostic tool to an adjunctive tool to guide interventional approaches for treatment of VT. Invasive and noninvasive imaging techniques, often used in combination, have made it possible to integrate structural and electrophysiological information during VT ablation procedures. An important area of current development is the use of noninvasive imaging techniques based on body surface electrocardiographic mapping to elucidate the mechanisms of VT. In the future, these techniques may provide a priori information on mechanisms of VT in patients undergoing interventional procedures. This review provides an overview of the role of cardiac imaging in patients with VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saagar Mahida
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, UK (S.M.)
| | - Frédéric Sacher
- L’Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, France (F.S., R.D., M.H., P.J., H.C.)
| | - Rémi Dubois
- L’Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, France (F.S., R.D., M.H., P.J., H.C.)
| | - Maxime Sermesant
- Inria Sophia Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis-Méditerranée, France (M.S.)
| | - Frank Bogun
- Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (F.B.)
| | - Michel Haïssaguerre
- L’Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, France (F.S., R.D., M.H., P.J., H.C.)
| | - Pierre Jaïs
- L’Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, France (F.S., R.D., M.H., P.J., H.C.)
| | - Hubert Cochet
- L’Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, France (F.S., R.D., M.H., P.J., H.C.)
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Soto-Becerra R, Bazan V, Bautista W, Malavassi F, Altamar J, Ramirez JD, Everth A, Callans DJ, Marchlinski FE, Rodríguez D, García FC, Sáenz LC. Ventricular Tachycardia in the Setting of Chagasic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2017; 10:CIRCEP.116.004950. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.116.004950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Soto-Becerra
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Victor Bazan
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - William Bautista
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Federico Malavassi
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Jhancarlo Altamar
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Juan David Ramirez
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Arlen Everth
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - David J. Callans
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Francis E. Marchlinski
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Diego Rodríguez
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Fermin C. García
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
| | - Luis C. Sáenz
- From the International Arrhythmia Center at CardioInfantil Foundation-Cardiac Institute, Bogotá, Colombia (R.S.-B., W.B., F.M., J.A., J.D.R., A.E., D.R., L.C.S.); Electrophysiology Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (V.B.); and Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (D.J.C., F.E.M., F.C.G.)
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De Maria E, Aldrovandi A, Borghi A, Modonesi L, Cappelli S. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: Which information is useful for the arrhythmologist? World J Cardiol 2017; 9:773-786. [PMID: 29104737 PMCID: PMC5661133 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i10.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a non-invasive, non-ionizing, diagnostic technique that uses magnetic fields, radio waves and field gradients to generate images with high spatial and temporal resolution. After administration of contrast media (e.g., gadolinium chelate), it is also possible to acquire late images, which make possible the identification and quantification of myocardial areas with scar/fibrosis (late gadolinium enhancement, LGE). CMR is currently a useful instrument in clinical cardiovascular practice for the assessment of several pathological conditions, including ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies and congenital heart disease. In recent years, its field of application has also extended to arrhythmology, both in diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of arrhythmic risk and in therapeutic decision-making. In this review, we discuss the possible useful applications of CMR for the arrhythmologist. It is possible to identify three main fields of application of CMR in this context: (1) arrhythmic and sudden cardiac death risk stratification in different heart diseases; (2) decision-making in cardiac resynchronization therapy device implantation, presence and extent of myocardial fibrosis for left ventricular lead placement and cardiac venous anatomy; and (3) substrate identification for guiding ablation of complex arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardias).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia De Maria
- Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, 41012 Carpi (Modena), Italy
| | | | - Ambra Borghi
- Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, 41012 Carpi (Modena), Italy
| | - Letizia Modonesi
- Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, 41012 Carpi (Modena), Italy
| | - Stefano Cappelli
- Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, 41012 Carpi (Modena), Italy
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