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Carrillo C, Chang A, Armstrong H, Cairney J, McAuley JD, Trainor LJ. Auditory rhythm facilitates perception and action in children at risk for developmental coordination disorder. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12203. [PMID: 38806554 PMCID: PMC11133375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder featuring deficits in motor coordination and motor timing among children. Deficits in rhythmic tracking, including perceptually tracking and synchronizing action with auditory rhythms, have been studied in a wide range of motor disorders, providing a foundation for developing rehabilitation programs incorporating auditory rhythms. We tested whether DCD also features these auditory-motor deficits among 7-10 year-old children. In a speech recognition task with no overt motor component, modulating the speech rhythm interfered more with the performance of children at risk for DCD than typically developing (TD) children. A set of auditory-motor tapping tasks further showed that, although children at risk for DCD performed worse than TD children in general, the presence of an auditory rhythmic cue (isochronous metronome or music) facilitated the temporal consistency of tapping. Finally, accuracy in the recognition of rhythmically modulated speech and tapping consistency correlated with performance on the standardized motor assessment. Together, the results show auditory rhythmic regularity benefits auditory perception and auditory-motor coordination in children at risk for DCD. This provides a foundation for future clinical studies to develop evidence-based interventions involving auditory-motor rhythmic coordination for children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Carrillo
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew Chang
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Hannah Armstrong
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- Infant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J Devin McAuley
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Laurel J Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Institute for Music and the Mind, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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2
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Ferracioli-Gama MDC, Martins JDN, Pellegrini AM, Hiraga CY. Effect of verbal cues on the coupling and stability of anti-phase bimanual coordination pattern in children with probable developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 94:103183. [PMID: 38364766 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The study of the emergence and stability of bimanual and interlimb coordination patterns in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) has shown that they encounter greater difficulties in coupling their limbs compared to typically developing (TD) children. Verbal cues have been identified as strategies to direct children's attention to more relevant task information, thus potentially improving motor performance. Consequently, this study investigated the effect of providing verbal cues on the execution of bimanual tasks in children with and without probable DCD. Twenty-eight children aged 9-10, matched by age and gender, were divided into two groups: pDCD [n = 14] and TD. The children performed bilateral trajectory movements with both hands (horizontal back-and-forth), holding a pen on a tablet, in anti-phase (180°) coordination pattern, in two conditions: No cues and Verbal cues. In the last condition, children received verbal cues to maintain the anti-phase pattern even with an increase in hand oscillation frequency. Relative phase and variability of relative phase between the hands were calculated for analysis of pattern coupling and stability. Hand cycles, movement amplitude, and tablet pressure force were calculated to analyze pattern control parameters. All these variables were compared between groups and conditions. The results indicated that despite the pDCD group showing greater variability in the anti-phase coordination pattern compared to the TD group, both groups performed better in the Verbal cues than the No cues condition. Furthermore, the pDCD group exhibited more hand movement cycles and applied greater pressure force compared to the TD group, suggesting different motor control strategies during the bimanual task. It is suggested that the use of verbal cues during bimanual task execution improves children's performance, potentially by promoting interaction between attention, as a cognitive function, and intrinsic coordination dynamics, thereby reducing variability in the perceptual-motor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela de Castro Ferracioli-Gama
- Federal University of Ceara, Av. Mister Hull, S/N, Parque Esportivo - Bloco 320, Campus do Pici, CEP 60440-900 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - José Davi Nunes Martins
- Federal University of Ceara, Av. Mister Hull, S/N, Parque Esportivo - Bloco 320, Campus do Pici, CEP 60440-900 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Pellegrini
- Sao Paulo State University, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, CEP 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Yukiko Hiraga
- Sao Paulo State University, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, CEP 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
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Thorsson M, Galazka MA, Johnson M, Åsberg Johnels J, Hadjikhani N. Visuomotor tracking strategies in children: associations with neurodevelopmental symptoms. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:337-353. [PMID: 38078961 PMCID: PMC11297076 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often display motor problems that may impact their daily lives. Studying specific motor characteristics related to spatiotemporal control may inform us about the mechanisms underlying their challenges. Fifty-eight children with varying neurodevelopmental symptoms load (median age: 5.6 years, range: 2.7-12.5 years) performed an interactive tablet-based tracking task. By investigating digit touch errors relative to the target's movement direction, we found that a load of neurodevelopmental symptoms was associated with reduced performance in the tracking of abrupt alternating directions (zigzag) and overshooting the target. In contrast, reduced performance in children without neurodevelopmental symptoms was associated with lagging behind the target. Neurodevelopmental symptom load was also associated with reduced flexibility in correcting for lateral deviations in smooth tracking (spiral). Our findings suggest that neurodevelopmental symptoms are associated with difficulties in motor regulation related to inhibitory control and reduced flexibility, impacting motor control in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Thorsson
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Martyna A Galazka
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Cognition and Communication, Department of Applied Information Technology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Johnson
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Åsberg Johnels
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Section of Speech and Language Pathology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nouchine Hadjikhani
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Pranjić M, Hashemi N, Arnett AB, Thaut MH. Auditory-Perceptual and Auditory-Motor Timing Abilities in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050729. [PMID: 37239201 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) remains largely underdiagnosed and masked by other co-occurring conditions. The aim of this study was to (1) provide the first review of research regarding auditory-motor timing and synchronization abilities in children with DCD and (2) examine whether reduced motor performance may be associated with difficulties in auditory perceptual timing. The scoping review was carried out across five major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus) in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies were screened by two independent reviewers against the inclusion criteria, without publication date restrictions. From an initial return of 1673 records, 16 articles were included in the final review and synthesized based on the timing modality studied (i.e., auditory-perceptual, motor, or auditory-motor). Results suggest that children with DCD have difficulties with rhythmic movements both with and without external auditory cues and further indicate that variability in and slowness of motor response are key characteristics of DCD, regardless of the experimental task. Importantly, our review highlights a significant gap in the literature regarding auditory perceptual abilities in DCD. In addition to testing auditory perception, future studies should compare the performance of children with DCD on paced and unpaced tasks to determine whether auditory stimuli contribute to a more or less stable performance. This knowledge may inform future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pranjić
- Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1C5, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Niloufaralsadat Hashemi
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Anne B Arnett
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael H Thaut
- Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1C5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science and Rehabilitation Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Frischen U, Degé F, Schwarzer G. The relation between rhythm processing and cognitive abilities during child development: The role of prediction. Front Psychol 2022; 13:920513. [PMID: 36211925 PMCID: PMC9539453 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.920513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhythm and meter are central elements of music. From the very beginning, children are responsive to rhythms and acquire increasingly complex rhythmic skills over the course of development. Previous research has shown that the processing of musical rhythm is not only related to children’s music-specific responses but also to their cognitive abilities outside the domain of music. However, despite a lot of research on that topic, the connections and underlying mechanisms involved in such relation are still unclear in some respects. In this article, we aim at analyzing the relation between rhythmic and cognitive-motor abilities during childhood and at providing a new hypothesis about this relation. We consider whether predictive processing may be involved in the relation between rhythmic and various cognitive abilities and hypothesize that prediction as a cross-domain process is a central mechanism building a bridge between rhythm processing and cognitive-motor abilities. Further empirical studies focusing on rhythm processing and cognitive-motor abilities are needed to precisely investigate the links between rhythmic, predictive, and cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Frischen
- Department of Music, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ulrike Frischen,
| | - Franziska Degé
- Music Department, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gudrun Schwarzer
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Gudrun Schwarzer,
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Schröer L, Cooper RP, Mareschal D. Left, right, left, right: 24–36‐months‐olds’ planning and execution of simple alternating actions. INFANCY 2022; 27:1104-1115. [DOI: 10.1111/infa.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Schröer
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development Birkbeck College University of London London UK
| | - Richard P. Cooper
- Centre for Cognition Computation and Modelling Birkbeck College University of London London UK
| | - Denis Mareschal
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development Birkbeck College University of London London UK
- Centre for Cognition Computation and Modelling Birkbeck College University of London London UK
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Wilmut K, Wang S, Barnett AL. Inter-limb coordination in a novel pedalo task: A comparison of children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2022; 82:102932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2022.102932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lense MD, Ladányi E, Rabinowitch TC, Trainor L, Gordon R. Rhythm and timing as vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200327. [PMID: 34420385 PMCID: PMC8380970 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of children are impacted by neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), which unfold early in life, have varying genetic etiologies and can involve a variety of specific or generalized impairments in social, cognitive and motor functioning requiring potentially lifelong specialized supports. While specific disorders vary in their domain of primary deficit (e.g. autism spectrum disorder (social), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (attention), developmental coordination disorder (motor) and developmental language disorder (language)), comorbidities between NDDs are common. Intriguingly, many NDDs are associated with difficulties in skills related to rhythm, timing and synchrony though specific profiles of rhythm/timing impairments vary across disorders. Impairments in rhythm/timing may instantiate vulnerabilities for a variety of NDDs and may contribute to both the primary symptoms of each disorder as well as the high levels of comorbidities across disorders. Drawing upon genetic, neural, behavioural and interpersonal constructs across disorders, we consider how disrupted rhythm and timing skills early in life may contribute to atypical developmental cascades that involve overlapping symptoms within the context of a disorder's primary deficits. Consideration of the developmental context, as well as common and unique aspects of the phenotypes of different NDDs, will inform experimental designs to test this hypothesis including via potential mechanistic intervention approaches. This article is part of the theme issue 'Synchrony and rhythm interaction: from the brain to behavioural ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam D. Lense
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eniko Ladányi
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Laurel Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reyna Gordon
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Blais M, Jucla M, Maziero S, Albaret JM, Chaix Y, Tallet J. The Differential Effects of Auditory and Visual Stimuli on Learning, Retention and Reactivation of a Perceptual-Motor Temporal Sequence in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:616795. [PMID: 33867955 PMCID: PMC8044544 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.616795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the procedural learning, retention, and reactivation of temporal sensorimotor sequences in children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Twenty typically-developing (TD) children and 12 children with DCD took part in this study. The children were required to tap on a keyboard, synchronizing with auditory or visual stimuli presented as an isochronous temporal sequence, and practice non-isochronous temporal sequences to memorize them. Immediate and delayed retention of the audio-motor and visuo-motor non-isochronous sequences were tested by removing auditory or visual stimuli immediately after practice and after a delay of 2 h. A reactivation test involved reintroducing the auditory and visual stimuli after the delayed recall. Data were computed via circular analyses to obtain asynchrony, the stability of synchronization and errors (i.e., the number of supplementary taps). Firstly, an overall deficit in synchronization with both auditory and visual isochronous stimuli was observed in DCD children compared to TD children. During practice, further improvements (decrease in asynchrony and increase in stability) were found for the audio-motor non-isochronous sequence compared to the visuo-motor non-isochronous sequence in both TD children and children with DCD. However, a drastic increase in errors occurred in children with DCD during immediate retention as soon as the auditory stimuli were removed. Reintroducing auditory stimuli decreased errors in the audio-motor sequence for children with DCD. Such changes were not seen for the visuo-motor non-isochronous sequence, which was equally learned, retained and reactivated in DCD and TD children. All these results suggest that TD children benefit from both auditory and visual stimuli to memorize the sequence, whereas children with DCD seem to present a deficit in integrating an audio-motor sequence in their memory. The immediate effect of reactivation suggests a specific dependency on auditory information in DCD. Contrary to the audio-motor sequence, the visuo-motor sequence was both learned and retained in children with DCD. This suggests that visual stimuli could be the best information for memorizing a temporal sequence in DCD. All these results are discussed in terms of a specific audio-motor coupling deficit in DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélody Blais
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Jucla
- Octogone-Lordat, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Maziero
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Octogone-Lordat, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Albaret
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Chaix
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Hôpital des Enfants, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Tallet
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Chang A, Li YC, Chan JF, Dotov DG, Cairney J, Trainor LJ. Inferior Auditory Time Perception in Children With Motor Difficulties. Child Dev 2021; 92:e907-e923. [PMID: 33506491 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Accurate time perception is crucial for hearing (speech, music) and action (walking, catching). Motor brain regions are recruited during auditory time perception. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that children (age 6-7) at risk for developmental coordination disorder (rDCD), a neurodevelopmental disorder involving motor difficulties, would show nonmotor auditory time perception deficits. Psychophysical tasks confirmed that children with rDCD have poorer duration and rhythm perception than typically developing children (N = 47, d = 0.95-1.01). Electroencephalography showed delayed mismatch negativity or P3a event-related potential latency in response to duration or rhythm deviants, reflecting inefficient brain processing (N = 54, d = 0.71-0.95). These findings are among the first to characterize perceptual timing deficits in DCD, suggesting important theoretical and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yao-Chuen Li
- McMaster University.,China Medical University, Taiwan
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Lê M, Blais M, Jucla M, Chauveau N, Maziero S, Biotteau M, Albaret JM, Péran P, Chaix Y, Tallet J. Procedural learning and retention of audio-verbal temporal sequence is altered in children with developmental coordination disorder but cortical thickness matters. Dev Sci 2020; 24:e13009. [PMID: 32573893 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhythmic abilities are impaired in developmental coordination disorder (DCD) but learning deficit of procedural skills implying temporal sequence is still unclear. Current contradictory results suggest that procedural learning deficits in DCD highly depend on learning conditions. The present study proposes to test the role of sensory modality of stimulations (visual or auditory) on synchronization, learning, and retention of temporal verbal sequences in children with and without DCD. We postulated a deficit in learning particularly with auditory stimulations, in association with atypical cortical thickness of three regions of interesting: sensorimotor, frontal and parietal regions. Thirty children with and without DCD (a) performed a synchronization task to a regular temporal sequence and (b) practiced and recalled a novel non-regular temporal sequences with auditory and visual modalities. They also had a magnetic resonance imaging to measure their cortical thickness. Results suggested that children with DCD presented a general deficit in synchronization of a regular temporal verbal sequence irrespective of the sensory modality, but a specific deficit in learning and retention of auditory non-regular verbal temporal sequence. Stability of audio-verbal synchronization during practice correlated with cortical thickness of the sensorimotor cortex. For the first time, our results suggest that synchronization deficits in DCD are not limited to manual tasks. This deficit persists despite repeated exposition and practice of an auditory temporal sequence, which suggests a possible alteration in audio-verbal coupling in DCD. On the contrary, control of temporal parameters with visual stimuli seems to be less affected, which opens perspectives for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Lê
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélody Blais
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélanie Jucla
- Octogone-Lordat, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Chauveau
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Maziero
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Octogone-Lordat, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maëlle Biotteau
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Albaret
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Péran
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Chaix
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Hôpital des Enfants Universitaire de Toulouse, CHU Purpan Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
| | - Jessica Tallet
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Rhythm in the blood: The influence of rhythm skills on literacy development in third graders. J Exp Child Psychol 2020; 198:104880. [PMID: 32622068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown the influence of rhythm skills on the processing of written language, especially at the beginning of literacy development. The first objective of this study was to determine the persistence of this link at an advanced grade level. The second objective was to better understand the factors underlying this relationship and, more specifically, to examine the hypothesis of mediation by phonological and/or motor skills. In total, 278 third graders performed literacy tasks (word/pseudoword decoding and spelling), a rhythm production task, two phonological tasks (phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming), and motor tasks. Significant correlations were observed between literacy and each of rhythm skills, phonological skills, and motor skills. However, structural equation models showed that the influence of rhythm skills on literacy was mediated neither by phonological skills nor by motor abilities. These results suggest that rhythm skills continue to play a role in the acquisition of written language in third graders and that this contribution seems to be independent of phonological and motor skills.
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Nguyen KD, Pathirana PN, Horne M, Power L, Szmulewicz DJ. Entropy-based analysis of rhythmic tapping for the quantitative assessment of cerebellar ataxia. Biomed Signal Process Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Darvik M, Lorås H, Pedersen AV. The Prevalence of Left-Handedness Is Higher Among Individuals With Developmental Coordination Disorder Than in the General Population. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1948. [PMID: 30405473 PMCID: PMC6200842 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many medical, psychiatric and neurological conditions have been characterized by a high prevalence of left-handedness or mixed-handedness. Several studies have indicated an elevated frequency of left-handedness in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). However, there have been few studies explicitly exploring this relationship. The assumption is that the prevalence of left-handedness in individuals with DCD is higher compared with the prevalence in the general population and resembles the prevalence described in children with other developmental disorders. Computerized searches were conducted in PubMed, PsycInfo and CINAHL databases. Thirty-eight studies were identified and included in the present review, containing handedness distributions across 1071 persons with DCD and 1,045 controls. The distribution of DCD participants across handedness-categories was proved to be significantly different from that of the control group, with 14.7 and 8.1% left-handers, respectively. The prevalence of left-handedness within the DCD-group is lower than that reported for ASD, and larger than in dyslexia. The elevated levels of left-handedness within the different developmental disorders supports the notion of an association between the different diagnoses. However, the present results are not sufficient to conclude anything about a common cause or underlying factor via the male hormone testosterone. The present results could act as a starting point for testing the hypothesis of such a common factor, as one of the requirements is an elevated prevalence of left-handedness, and without such considerable doubt would be cast upon the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Darvik
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard Lorås
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arve Vorland Pedersen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Temporal Consistency and Movement Effort of Repetitive Reaching During Continuation in Children and Adults. Motor Control 2018; 22:295-313. [PMID: 29182432 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2016-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ability to match one's movements to an external beat and maintain that rhythm in the absence of the beat suggests sophisticated, well-developed neural control. Children (aged 5-10 years) were compared with adults (aged 18-30 years) during a repetitive reaching task to determine development of this control. Children as young as 5 years exhibited this control. The mean rate of reaching did not differ between groups nor did it differ during the two phases, suggesting an overall ability to internalize and continuously repeat a given pace. Children aged 5-8 years were significantly more variable than children aged 9-10 years and adults, likely attributable to variability in central control processes. We found a possible transition period of temporal control. Children aged 9-10 years begin to exhibit more adult-like levels of variability with respect to temporal consistency and movement effort.
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Trainor LJ, Chang A, Cairney J, Li Y. Is auditory perceptual timing a core deficit of developmental coordination disorder? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1423:30-39. [PMID: 29741273 PMCID: PMC6099217 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Time is an essential dimension for perceiving and processing auditory events, and for planning and producing motor behaviors. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 5-6% of children that is characterized by deficits in motor skills. Studies show that children with DCD have motor timing and sensorimotor timing deficits. We suggest that auditory perceptual timing deficits may also be core characteristics of DCD. This idea is consistent with evidence from several domains, (1) motor-related brain regions are often involved in auditory timing process; (2) DCD has high comorbidity with dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity, which are known to be associated with auditory timing deficits; (3) a few studies report deficits in auditory-motor timing among children with DCD; and (4) our preliminary behavioral and neuroimaging results show that children with DCD at age 6 and 7 have deficits in auditory time discrimination compared to typically developing children. We propose directions for investigating auditory perceptual timing processing in DCD that use various behavioral and neuroimaging approaches. From a clinical perspective, research findings can potentially benefit our understanding of the etiology of DCD, identify early biomarkers of DCD, and can be used to develop evidence-based interventions for DCD involving auditory-motor training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel J. Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- McMaster Institute for Music and the MindMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- Rotman Research InstituteBaycrest HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Andrew Chang
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - John Cairney
- Infant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Yao‐Chuen Li
- Infant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- Child Health Research Center, Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
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Ireland K, Parker A, Foster N, Penhune V. Rhythm and Melody Tasks for School-Aged Children With and Without Musical Training: Age-Equivalent Scores and Reliability. Front Psychol 2018; 9:426. [PMID: 29674984 PMCID: PMC5895917 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring musical abilities in childhood can be challenging. When music training and maturation occur simultaneously, it is difficult to separate the effects of specific experience from age-based changes in cognitive and motor abilities. The goal of this study was to develop age-equivalent scores for two measures of musical ability that could be reliably used with school-aged children (7–13) with and without musical training. The children's Rhythm Synchronization Task (c-RST) and the children's Melody Discrimination Task (c-MDT) were adapted from adult tasks developed and used in our laboratories. The c-RST is a motor task in which children listen and then try to synchronize their taps with the notes of a woodblock rhythm while it plays twice in a row. The c-MDT is a perceptual task in which the child listens to two melodies and decides if the second was the same or different. We administered these tasks to 213 children in music camps (musicians, n = 130) and science camps (non-musicians, n = 83). We also measured children's paced tapping, non-paced tapping, and phonemic discrimination as baseline motor and auditory abilities We estimated internal-consistency reliability for both tasks, and compared children's performance to results from studies with adults. As expected, musically trained children outperformed those without music lessons, scores decreased as difficulty increased, and older children performed the best. Using non-musicians as a reference group, we generated a set of age-based z-scores, and used them to predict task performance with additional years of training. Years of lessons significantly predicted performance on both tasks, over and above the effect of age. We also assessed the relation between musician's scores on music tasks, baseline tasks, auditory working memory, and non-verbal reasoning. Unexpectedly, musician children outperformed non-musicians in two of three baseline tasks. The c-RST and c-MDT fill an important need for researchers interested in evaluating the impact of musical training in longitudinal studies, those interested in comparing the efficacy of different training methods, and for those assessing the impact of training on non-musical cognitive abilities such as language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kierla Ireland
- Penhune Laboratory for Motor Learning and Neural Plasticity, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Averil Parker
- Penhune Laboratory for Motor Learning and Neural Plasticity, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicholas Foster
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Virginia Penhune
- Penhune Laboratory for Motor Learning and Neural Plasticity, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Hybrid is not a dirty word: Commentary on Wade and Kazeck (2017). Hum Mov Sci 2018; 57:510-515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Whitall J, Clark JE. A Perception-Action Approach to Understanding Typical and Atypical Motor Development. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 55:245-272. [PMID: 30031437 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we ask two questions. First, can the study of the perception-action system across time offer a useful model for understanding motor development? Second, can the study of the perception-action system in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) inform our understanding of atypical as well as typical motor development? We begin by describing the dynamical systems perspective and a control-theoretic approach that together provide the conceptual framework for our paradigms, methodology, and interpretation of our experiments. Our experimental strategy has been to perturb one or more sensory systems and observe the effect on the motor system. The majority of the chapter explains how we employed two principal perturbation strategies: (1) removing or adding a static source of sensory information believed to be salient to the task at hand and (2) enhancing a dynamic source of sensory information either implicitly or explicitly. These strategies were employed in three different action systems: posture; rhythmic interlimb coordination, and goal-directed reaching and drawing. After synthesizing our findings, we conclude by addressing the original questions and offering future directions. In brief, we consider that perception-action coupling is an underlying mechanism/foundation/constraint of motor development in the sense that the ongoing processing of sensations and the planning and execution of movements are how the brain produces goal-directed movements. Therefore, a better understanding of how this coupling changes or adapts over time has much to offer as to how motor behavior develops across the lifespan, both typically and atypically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Whitall
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States; University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jane E Clark
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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21
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Xavier J, Magnat J, Sherman A, Gauthier S, Cohen D, Chaby L. A developmental and clinical perspective of rhythmic interpersonal coordination: From mimicry toward the interconnection of minds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28625683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Imitation plays a critical role in the development of intersubjectivity and serves as a prerequisite for understanding the emotions and intentions of others. In our review, we consider spontaneous motor imitation between children and their peers as a developmental process involving repetition and perspective-taking as well as flexibility and reciprocity. During childhood, this playful dynamic challenges developing visuospatial abilities and requires temporal coordination between partners. As such, we address synchrony as form of communication and social signal per se, that leads, from an experience of similarity, to the interconnection of minds. In this way, we argue that, from a developmental perspective, rhythmic interpersonal coordination through childhood imitative interactions serves as a precursor to higher- level social and cognitive abilities, such as theory of mind (TOM) and empathy. Finally, to clinically illustrate our idea, we focus on developmental coordination disorder (DCD), a condition characterized not only by learning difficulties, but also childhood deficits in motor imitation. We address the challenges faced by these children on an emotional and socio-interactional level through the perspective of their impairments in intra- and interpersonal synchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Xavier
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et l'Adolescent, APHP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotique, ISIR, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France.
| | - Julien Magnat
- Pôle de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, centre hospitalier Montperrin, 109, avenue du PetitBarthélémy, 13617 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Alain Sherman
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Soizic Gauthier
- CRPMS, EA 3522, Université Paris Diderot, et Equipe Berthoz, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - David Cohen
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et l'Adolescent, APHP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotique, ISIR, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Chaby
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotique, ISIR, CNRS UMR 7222, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Psychologie, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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22
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Blais M, Baly C, Biotteau M, Albaret JM, Chaix Y, Tallet J. Lack of Motor Inhibition as a Marker of Learning Difficulties of Bimanual Coordination in Teenagers With Developmental Coordination Disorder. Dev Neuropsychol 2017; 42:207-219. [PMID: 28481145 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2017.1306526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the learning of a new bimanual coordination in teenagers with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Both groups improved accuracy of the new coordination. No difference was found on stability. But DCD teenagers exhibited an overall higher number of additional taps, suggesting a persistent lack of motor inhibition during learning. Moreover, teenagers with the lowest scores of motor abilities present the highest number of additional taps. All these results suggest that this number of additional taps (rather than traditional measures of accuracy and stability) could be a good marker of perceptual-motor learning deficit in DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélody Blais
- a Toulouse NeuroImaging Center , ToNIC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS , Toulouse , France
| | | | - Maëlle Biotteau
- a Toulouse NeuroImaging Center , ToNIC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS , Toulouse , France
| | - Jean-Michel Albaret
- a Toulouse NeuroImaging Center , ToNIC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS , Toulouse , France
| | - Yves Chaix
- a Toulouse NeuroImaging Center , ToNIC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS , Toulouse , France.,c Hôpital des Enfants , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
| | - Jessica Tallet
- a Toulouse NeuroImaging Center , ToNIC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS , Toulouse , France
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23
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Blais M, Amarantini D, Albaret JM, Chaix Y, Tallet J. Atypical inter-hemispheric communication correlates with altered motor inhibition during learning of a new bimanual coordination pattern in developmental coordination disorder. Dev Sci 2017; 21:e12563. [DOI: 10.1111/desc.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélody Blais
- ToNIC; Toulouse NeuroImaging Center; Université de Toulouse; Inserm; UPS; France
| | - David Amarantini
- ToNIC; Toulouse NeuroImaging Center; Université de Toulouse; Inserm; UPS; France
| | - Jean-Michel Albaret
- ToNIC; Toulouse NeuroImaging Center; Université de Toulouse; Inserm; UPS; France
| | - Yves Chaix
- ToNIC; Toulouse NeuroImaging Center; Université de Toulouse; Inserm; UPS; France
- Hôpital des Enfants; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse; F-31059 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Jessica Tallet
- ToNIC; Toulouse NeuroImaging Center; Université de Toulouse; Inserm; UPS; France
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24
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Timing at peak force may be the hidden target controlled in continuation and synchronization tapping. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:1541-1554. [PMID: 28251338 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-4918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Timing control, such as producing movements at a given rate or synchronizing movements to an external event, has been studied through a finger-tapping task where timing is measured at the initial contact between finger and tapping surface or the point when a key is pressed. However, the point of peak force is after the time registered at the tapping surface and thus is a less obvious but still an important event during finger tapping. Here, we compared the time at initial contact with the time at peak force as participants tapped their finger on a force sensor at a given rate after the metronome was turned off (continuation task) or in synchrony with the metronome (sensorimotor synchronization task). We found that, in the continuation task, timing was comparably accurate between initial contact and peak force. These two timing events also exhibited similar trial-by-trial statistical dependence (i.e., lag-one autocorrelation). However, the central clock variability was lower at the peak force than the initial contact. In the synchronization task, timing control at peak force appeared to be less variable and more accurate than that at initial contact. In addition to lower central clock variability, the mean SE magnitude at peak force (SEP) was around zero while SE at initial contact (SEC) was negative. Although SEC and SEP demonstrated the same trial-by-trial statistical dependence, we found that participants adjusted the time of tapping to correct SEP, but not SEC, toward zero. These results suggest that timing at peak force is a meaningful target of timing control, particularly in synchronization tapping. This result may explain the fact that SE at initial contact is typically negative as widely observed in the preexisting literature.
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25
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da Silva Pacheco SC, Gabbard C, Ries LGK, Bobbio TG. Interlimb coordination and academic performance in elementary school children. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:967-973. [PMID: 26940287 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific mechanisms linking motor ability and cognitive performance, especially academic achievement, are still unclear. Whereas the literature provides an abundance of information on fine and visual-motor skill and cognitive attributes, much less has been reported on gross motor ability. This study examined interlimb coordination and its relationship to academic performance in children aged 8-11 years. METHODS Motor and academic skills were examined in 100 Brazilian children using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency and the Academic Performance Test. Participants were grouped into low (<25%) and high (>75%) academic achievers. RESULTS There was a significant difference between groups for Total Motor Composite (P < 0.001) favoring the high group. On regression analysis there was a significant association between academic performance and Body Coordination. Of the subtests of Body Coordination (Bilateral Coordination and Balance), Bilateral Coordination accounted for the highest impact on academic performance. Of interest here, that subtest consists primarily of gross motor tasks involving interlimb coordination. CONCLUSION Overall, there was a positive relationship between motor behavior, in particular activities involving interlimb coordination, and academic performance. Application of these findings in the area of early assessment may be useful in the identification of later academic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carl Gabbard
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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26
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Roche R, Viswanathan P, Clark JE, Whitall J. Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) can adapt to perceptible and subliminal rhythm changes but are more variable. Hum Mov Sci 2016; 50:19-29. [PMID: 27658264 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Children with DCD demonstrate impairments in bimanual finger tapping during self-paced tapping and tapping in synchrony to different frequencies. In this study, we investigated the ability of children with DCD to adapt motorically to perceptible or subliminal changes of the auditory stimuli without a change in frequency, and compared their performance to typically developing controls (TDC). Nineteen children with DCD between ages 6-11years (mean age±SD=114±21months) and 17 TDC (mean age±SD=113±21months) participated in this study. Auditory perceptual threshold was established. Children initially tapped bimanually to an antiphase beat and then to either a perceptible change in rhythm or to gradual subliminal changes in rhythm. Children with DCD were able to perceive changes in rhythm similar to TDC. They were also able to adapt to both perceptible and subliminal changes in rhythms similar to their age- and gender- matched TDC. However, these children were significantly more variable compared with TDC in all phasing conditions. The results suggest that the performance impairments in bilateral tapping are not a result of poor conscious or sub-conscious perception of the auditory cue. The increased motor variability may be associated with cerebellar dysfunction but further behavioral and neurophysiological studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Roche
- Occupational Therapy Program, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
| | - Priya Viswanathan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jane E Clark
- Department of Kinesiology and Neurosciences and Cognitive Science Program, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jill Whitall
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Hampshire, UK
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Zhang L, Li P, Mao Z, Qi X, Zou J, Yu Z. Changes in motor function in the unaffected hand of stroke patients should not be ignored. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1323-8. [PMID: 25221586 PMCID: PMC4160860 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.137581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor function changes in the unaffected hand of stroke patients with hemiplegia. These changes are often ignored by clinicians owing to the extent of motor disability of the affected hand. Finger tapping frequency and Lind-mark hand function score showed that the motor function of unaffected hands in stroke patients was poorer than that of a healthy control hand. After 2 weeks of rehabilitation treatment, motor function of the unaffected hand of stroke patients was obviously improved. Therefore, attention should also be paid to motor function in the unaffected hand of stroke patients with hemiplegia during rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Zhang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peihong Li
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhibang Mao
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiang Qi
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhusheng Yu
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
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28
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de Castro Ferracioli M, Hiraga CY, Pellegrini AM. Emergence and stability of interlimb coordination patterns in children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:348-356. [PMID: 24333805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the emergence and stability of coordination patterns in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) when performing a rhythmic interlimb coordination task on rigid (floor) and elastic (mini-trampoline) surfaces. Twelve typically developing (TD) children and 12 children with DCD were required to clap while jumping under different conditions: in a chosen pattern - Free; when the feet touched the surface - Clapping-surface; when the body reached the maximum jumping height - Clapping-jump; and when the feet touched the surface and the body reached the maximum jumping height - Clapping-both. The results showed that the coordination pattern of children with DCD was more variable in the Free, Clapping-surface, and Clapping-jumping conditions and more variable on the mini-trampoline than on the floor under the Free condition when compared with the TD children. Clapping-jumping was more difficult to perform than Clapping-surface for both groups. These findings suggest that the children with DCD were less capable of rhythmically coordinating the jumping-clapping task because they used a type of exploratory strategy regarding the physical properties of the surfaces, whereas the TD children used a type of adaptive strategy displaying behavior that was more consistent across the tasks/environmental demands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Yukiko Hiraga
- Department of Physical Education, Bioscience Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Pellegrini
- Department of Physical Education, Bioscience Institute, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) is the coordination of rhythmic movement with an external rhythm, ranging from finger tapping in time with a metronome to musical ensemble performance. An earlier review (Repp, 2005) covered tapping studies; two additional reviews (Repp, 2006a, b) focused on music performance and on rate limits of SMS, respectively. The present article supplements and extends these earlier reviews by surveying more recent research in what appears to be a burgeoning field. The article comprises four parts, dealing with (1) conventional tapping studies, (2) other forms of moving in synchrony with external rhythms (including dance and nonhuman animals' synchronization abilities), (3) interpersonal synchronization (including musical ensemble performance), and (4) the neuroscience of SMS. It is evident that much new knowledge about SMS has been acquired in the last 7 years.
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30
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Debrabant J, Gheysen F, Caeyenberghs K, Van Waelvelde H, Vingerhoets G. Neural underpinnings of impaired predictive motor timing in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:1478-1487. [PMID: 23474999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A dysfunction in predictive motor timing is put forward to underlie DCD-related motor problems. Predictive timing allows for the pre-selection of motor programmes (except 'program' in computers) in order to decrease processing load and facilitate reactions. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study investigated the neural correlates of motor timing in DCD (n=17) and typically developing children (n=17). The task involved motor responses to sequences of visual stimuli with predictive or unpredictive interstimulus intervals (ISIs). DCD children responded with a smaller reaction time (RT) advantage to predictive ISIs compared to typically developing children. Typically developing children exhibited higher activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) for responses at unpredictive as opposed to predictive ISIs, whereas activations in DCD children were non-differentiable. Moreover, DCD children showed less activation than typically developing children in the right DLPFC, the left posterior cerebellum (crus I) and the right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) for this contrast. Notably, activation in the right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) positively correlated with RT as an indicator of processing load in both groups. These data indicate that motor performance in DCD children requires extra processing demands due to impaired predictive encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Debrabant
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University and Artevelde University College, Campus Heymans Ghent University Hospital - 2B3 (REVAKI), De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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31
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Bair WN, Kiemel T, Jeka JJ, Clark JE. Development of multisensory reweighting is impaired for quiet stance control in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). PLoS One 2012; 7:e40932. [PMID: 22815872 PMCID: PMC3399799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a leading movement disorder in children that commonly involves poor postural control. Multisensory integration deficit, especially the inability to adaptively reweight to changing sensory conditions, has been proposed as a possible mechanism but with insufficient characterization. Empirical quantification of reweighting significantly advances our understanding of its developmental onset and improves the characterization of its difference in children with DCD compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. Methodology/Principal Findings Twenty children with DCD (6.6 to 11.8 years) were tested with a protocol in which visual scene and touch bar simultaneously oscillateded medio-laterally at different frequencies and various amplitudes. Their data were compared to data on TD children (4.2 to 10.8 years) from a previous study. Gains and phases were calculated for medio-lateral responses of the head and center of mass to both sensory stimuli. Gains and phases were simultaneously fitted by linear functions of age for each amplitude condition, segment, modality and group. Fitted gains and phases at two comparison ages (6.6 and 10.8 years) were tested for reweighting within each group and for group differences. Children with DCD reweight touch and vision at a later age (10.8 years) than their TD peers (4.2 years). Children with DCD demonstrate a weak visual reweighting, no advanced multisensory fusion and phase lags larger than those of TD children in response to both touch and vision. Conclusions/Significance Two developmental perspectives, postural body scheme and dorsal stream development, are provided to explain the weak vision reweighting. The lack of multisensory fusion supports the notion that optimal multisensory integration is a slow developmental process and is vulnerable in children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woei-Nan Bair
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
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King BR, Harring JR, Oliveira MA, Clark JE. Statistically characterizing intra- and inter-individual variability in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2011; 32:1388-98. [PMID: 21277739 PMCID: PMC3109101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous research investigating children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) has consistently reported increased intra- and inter-individual variability during motor skill performance. Statistically characterizing this variability is not only critical for the analysis and interpretation of behavioral data, but also may facilitate our understanding of the processes underlying DCD. Thus, the primary purpose of this research was to demonstrate the utility of a flexible statistical technique, a random coefficient model (RCM), that characterizes the increased intra- and inter-individual variability in children with and without DCD. We analyzed data from a sensorimotor adaptation task during which participants executed discrete aiming movements under conditions of rotated visual feedback. To highlight the advantages of this statistical approach, we contrasted the results from the RCM with those from a traditionally employed general linear model (GLM). The RCM revealed differences between the two groups of children that the GLM did not detect; and, characterized trajectories of change for each individual. The RCM provides researchers an opportunity to probe behavioral deficits at the individual level and may provide new insights into the behavioral heterogeneity in children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley R King
- Cognitive Motor Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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Roche R, Wilms-Floet AM, Clark JE, Whitall J. Auditory and visual information do not affect self-paced bilateral finger tapping in children with DCD. Hum Mov Sci 2011; 30:658-71. [PMID: 21339013 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are more variable in timing their fingers to an external cue. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic coordination properties of self-selected anti-phase finger tapping with and without vision and audition in children with and without DCD and compared their performance to that of adults. Ten children with DCD (Mean age=7.12±0.3 years), 10 age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children, and 10 adults participated in this study. Participants tapped their fingers in anti-phase at a self-selected speed under four different sensory conditions: (1) with vision and audition, (2) with vision but no audition, (3) with audition but no vision, and (4) without vision and audition. We assessed intertap interval (ITI), variability of ITI, mean relative phasing (RP) between the fingers and the variability in RP. Children with DCD adopted a similar mean frequency, but were less accurate and more variable than the other groups. The different sensory conditions did not affect performance in any of the groups. We conclude that visual and auditory feedback of tapping are not salient information sources for bilateral self-selected tapping and that children with DCD are intrinsically less accurate and more variable in their tapping frequency and coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Roche
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
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Bobbio TG, Gabbard C, Gonçalves VG, Filho AAB, Morcillo AM. Interlimb coordination differentiates Brazilian children from two socioeconomic settings. Pediatr Int 2010; 52:353-7. [PMID: 19761518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2009.02960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to test the notion that Brazilian children entering private school have a motor function advantage over those entering their first year in public school. METHODS Four hundred and two children from the two cultural settings were examined for motor function in the first and 10th month of school (first grade). Participants were assessed based on age-level standards and by total score for all items for children 3 to 7 years of age. RESULTS The private school group outperformed their public setting peers on the first and second assessment; both groups improved over the school year. The most interesting outcome was the type of motor task that most clearly differentiated the groups: activities requiring gross motor (interlimb) coordination. CONCLUSION Among the recommendations given, it is suggested that motor skill activities, especially those involving interlimb coordination, be included with any type of motor programming for young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana G Bobbio
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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