1
|
Avila-Bonilla RG, Salas-Benito JS. Computational Screening to Predict MicroRNA Targets in the Flavivirus 3' UTR Genome: An Approach for Antiviral Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10135. [PMID: 39337625 PMCID: PMC11432202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are molecules that influence messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of target genes. Host miRNAs can influence flavivirus replication, either by inducing changes in the host transcriptome or by directly binding to viral genomes. The 3' UTR of the flavivirus genome is a conserved region crucial for viral replication. Cells might exploit this well-preserved region by generating miRNAs that interact with it, ultimately impacting viral replication. Despite significant efforts to identify miRNAs capable of arresting viral replication, the potential of all these miRNAs to interact with the flavivirus 3' UTR is still poorly characterised. In this context, bioinformatic tools have been proposed as a fundamental part of accelerating the discovery of interactions between miRNAs and the 3' UTR of viral genomes. In this study, we performed a computational analysis to reveal potential miRNAs from human and mosquito species that bind to the 3' UTR of flaviviruses. In humans, miR-6842 and miR-661 were found, while in mosquitoes, miR-9-C, miR-2945-5p, miR-11924, miR-282-5p, and miR-79 were identified. These findings open new avenues for studying these miRNAs as antivirals against flavivirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Gamaliel Avila-Bonilla
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biología Molecular de ARNs, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Juan Santiago Salas-Benito
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular 3, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren Y, Dong W, Chen J, Xue H, Bu W. Identification and function of microRNAs in hemipteran pests: A review. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39292965 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Hemiptera is one of the most significant orders of insect pests, including whiteflies, true bugs, aphids, planthoppers, psyllids, and so forth, which have led to substantial economic losses in agricultural industries and have significantly affected food yields through their ability to suck the phloem sap of crops and transmit numerous bacterial and viral pathogens. Therefore, explorations of pest-specific, eco-friendly and easy-to-adopt technologies for hemipteran pest control are urgently needed. To the best of our knowledge, microRNAs (miRNAs), which are endogenous non-coding small RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length, are involved in regulating gene expression via the direct recognition and binding of the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) or by acting as a center of a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network at the post-transcriptional level. This review systematically outlines the characterization and functional investigation of the miRNA biogenesis pathway in hemipteran pests, such as whiteflies, true bugs, aphids and planthoppers. In addition, we explored the results of small RNA sequencing and functional observations of miRNAs in these pests, and the results suggest that the numerous miRNAs obtained and annotated via high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatic analyses contribute to molting development, fitness, wing polyphenism, symbiont interactions and insecticide resistance in hemipteran pests. Finally, we summarize current advances and propose a framework for future research to extend the current data and address potential limitations in the investigation and application of hemipteran miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Ren
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhao Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Juhong Chen
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaijun Xue
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjun Bu
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shang F, Ding BY, Niu J, Lu JM, Xie XC, Li CZ, Zhang W, Pan D, Jiang RX, Wang JJ. microRNA maintains nutrient homeostasis in the symbiont-host interaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2406925121. [PMID: 39196627 PMCID: PMC11388328 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406925121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Endosymbionts provide essential nutrients for hosts, promoting growth, development, and reproduction. However, the molecular regulation of nutrient transport from endosymbiont to host is not well understood. Here, we used bioinformatic analysis, RNA-Sequencing, luciferase assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and in situ hybridization to show that a bacteriocyte-distributed MRP4 gene (multidrug resistance-associated protein 4) is negatively regulated by a host (aphid)-specific microRNA (miR-3024). Targeted metabolomics, microbiome analysis, vitamin B6 (VB6) supplements, 3D modeling/molecular docking, in vitro binding assays (voltage clamp recording and microscale thermophoresis), and functional complementation of Escherichia coli were jointly used to show that the miR-3024/MRP4 axis controls endosymbiont (Serratia)-produced VB6 transport to the host. The supplementation of miR-3024 increased the mortality of aphids, but partial rescue was achieved by providing an external source of VB6. The use of miR-3024 as part of a sustainable aphid pest-control strategy was evaluated by safety assessments in nontarget organisms (pollinators, predators, and entomopathogenic fungi) using virus-induced gene silencing assays and the expression of miR-3024 in transgenic tobacco. The supplementation of miR-3024 suppresses MRP4 expression, restricting the number of membrane channels, inhibiting VB6 transport, and ultimately killing the host. Under aphids facing stress conditions, the endosymbiont titer is decreased, and the VB6 production is also down-regulated, while the aphid's autonomous inhibition of miR-3024 enhances the expression of MRP4 and then increases the VB6 transport which finally ensures the VB6 homeostasis. The results confirm that miR-3024 regulates nutrient transport in the endosymbiont-host system and is a suitable target for sustainable pest control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bi-Yue Ding
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinzhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiu-Cheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui-Xu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang YP, Chen XY, Pu DQ, Yi CY, Liu CH, Zhang CC, Wei ZZ, Guo JW, Yu WJ, Chen S, Liu HL. Identification and Prediction of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs Associated with Detoxification Pathways in Larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1021. [PMID: 39202382 PMCID: PMC11353827 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda poses a severe threat to crops, causing substantial economic losses. The increased use of chemical pesticides has led to resistance in S. frugiperda populations. Micro ribonucleic acids (MicroRNAs or miRNAs) are pivotal in insect growth and development. This study aims to identify miRNAs across different developmental stages of S. frugiperda to explore differential expression and predict target gene functions. High-throughput sequencing of miRNAs was conducted on eggs, 3rd instar larvae, pupae, and adults. Bioinformatics analyses identified differentially expressed miRNAs specifically in larvae, with candidate miRNAs screened to predict target genes, particularly those involved in detoxification pathways. A total of 184 known miRNAs and 209 novel miRNAs were identified across stages. Comparative analysis revealed 54, 15, and 18 miRNAs differentially expressed in larvae, compared to egg, pupa, and adult stages, respectively. Eight miRNAs showed significant differential expression across stages, validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses predicted target genes' functions, identifying eight differentially expressed miRNAs targeting 10 gene families associated with detoxification metabolism, including P450s, glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and sodium channels. These findings elucidate the species-specific miRNA profiles and regulatory mechanisms of detoxification-related genes in S. frugiperda larvae, offering insights and strategies for effectively managing this pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Xing-Yu Chen
- Science and Technology Security Center, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China;
| | - De-Qiang Pu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Chun-Yan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Chang-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Cui-Cui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Jing-Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Wen-Juan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Song Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Hong-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Southwest Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; (Y.-P.W.); (D.-Q.P.); (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (C.-C.Z.); (Z.-Z.W.); (J.-W.G.); (W.-J.Y.); (S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bardapurkar R, Binayak G, Pandit S. Trophic microRNA: Post-transcriptional regulation of target genes and larval development impairment in Plutella xylostella upon precursor and mature microRNA ingestion. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39049812 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional gene regulators. In the miRNA pathway's cytoplasmic part, the miRNA is processed from a hairpin-structured precursor to a double-stranded (ds) mature RNA and ultimately to a single-stranded mature miRNA. In insects, ingesting these two ds forms can regulate the target gene expression; this inspired the trophic miRNA's use as a functional genomics and pest management tool. However, systematic studies enabling comparisons of pre- and mature forms, dosages, administration times and instar-wise effects on target transcripts and phenotypes, which can help develop a miRNA administration method, are unavailable due to the different focuses of the previous investigations. We investigated the impact of trophically delivered Px-let-7 miRNA on the lepidopteran pest Plutella xylostella, to compare the efficacies of its pre- and ds-mature forms. Continuous feeding on the miRNA-supplemented diet suppressed expressions of FTZ-F1 and E74, the target ecdysone pathway genes. Both the pre-let-7 and mature let-7 miRNA forms similarly downregulated the target transcripts in all four larval instars. Pre-let-7 and let-7 ingestions decreased larval mass and instar duration and increased mortality in all instars, exhibiting adverse effects on larval growth and development. miRNA processing Dicer-1 and AGO-1's upregulations upon miRNA ingestion denoted the systemic miRNA spread in larval tissues. The scrambled sequence controls did not affect the target transcripts, suggesting the sequence-specific targeting by the mature miRNA and hairpin cassette's non-involvement in the target downregulation. This work provides a framework for miRNA and target gene function analyses and potentiates the trophic miRNA's utility in pest management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutwik Bardapurkar
- Agricultural Biotechnology and Chemical Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Gauri Binayak
- Agricultural Biotechnology and Chemical Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Sagar Pandit
- Agricultural Biotechnology and Chemical Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Q. Editorial: Reviews in insect immune responses: 2022. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1414382. [PMID: 38975348 PMCID: PMC11224509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1414382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuning Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang YH, Qian X, Zong X, An SH, Yan S, Shen J. Dual-role regulator of a novel miR-3040 in photoperiod-mediated wing dimorphism and wing development in green peach aphid. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38728615 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Wing dimorphism is regarded as an important phenotypic plasticity involved in the migration and reproduction of aphids. However, the signal transduction and regulatory mechanism of wing dimorphism in aphids are still unclear. Herein, the optimal environmental conditions were first explored for inducing winged offspring of green peach aphid, and the short photoperiod was the most important environmental cue to regulate wing dimorphism. Compared to 16 L:8 D photoperiod, the proportion of winged offspring increased to 90% under 8 L:16 D photoperiod. Subsequently, 5 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in aphids treated with long and short photoperiods were identified using small RNA sequencing, and a novel miR-3040 was identified as a vital miRNA involved in photoperiod-mediated wing dimorphism. More specifically, the inhibition of miR-3040 expression could reduce the proportion of winged offspring induced by short photoperiod, whereas its activation increased the proportion of winged offspring under long photoperiod. Meanwhile, the expression level of miR-3040 in winged aphids was about 2.5 times that of wingless aphids, and the activation or inhibition of miR-3040 expression could cause wing deformity, revealing the dual-role regulator of miR-3040 in wing dimorphism and wing development. In summary, the current study identified the key environmental cue for wing dimorphism in green peach aphid, and the first to demonstrate the dual-role regulator of miR-3040 in photoperiod-mediated wing dimorphism and wing development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hui Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zong
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Heng An
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Z, Zhou Y, Li X, Tang F. Importance of core microRNA pathway genes and microRNAs associated with the defense of Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) against Serratia marcescens infection. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105864. [PMID: 38685240 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small regulatory RNAs involved in diverse biological processes. Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) is a polyphagous pest that causes economic damage to agroforestry. Serratia marcescens is a bacterium with great potential for controlling this insect. However, knowledge about the miRNA pathway and the role of miRNAs in O. formosanus defense against SM1 is limited. In this study, OfAgo1, OfDicer1 and OfDrosha were differentially expressed in different castes and tissues. SM1 infection affected the expression of all three genes in O. formosanus. Then, we used specific double-stranded RNAs to silence OfAgo1, OfDicer1 and OfDrosha. Knockdown of these genes enhanced the virulence of SM1 to O. formosanus, suggesting that miRNAs were critical in the defense of O. formosanus against SM1. Furthermore, we sequenced miRNAs from SM1-infected and uninfected O. formosanus. 33 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified, whereby 22 were upregulated and 11 were downregulated. Finally, the miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed, which further suggested the important role of miRNAs in the defense of O. formosanus against SM1. Totally, O. formosanus miRNA core genes defend against SM1 infection by regulating miRNA expression. This study elucidates the interactions between O. formosanus and SM1 and provides new theories for biological control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yujingyun Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stuart SH, Ahmed ACC, Kilikevicius L, Robinson GE. Effects of microRNA-305 knockdown on brain gene expression associated with division of labor in honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera). J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246785. [PMID: 38517067 PMCID: PMC11112348 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Division of labor in honey bee colonies is based on the behavioral maturation of adult workers that involves a transition from working in the hive to foraging. This behavioral maturation is associated with distinct task-related transcriptomic profiles in the brain and abdominal fat body that are related to multiple regulatory factors including juvenile hormone (JH) and queen mandibular pheromone (QMP). A prominent physiological feature associated with behavioral maturation is a loss of abdominal lipid mass as bees transition to foraging. We used transcriptomic and physiological analyses to study whether microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of division of labor. We first identified two miRNAs that showed patterns of expression associated with behavioral maturation, ame-miR-305-5p and ame-miR-375-3p. We then downregulated the expression of these two miRNAs with sequence-specific antagomirs. Neither ame-miR-305-5p nor ame-miR-375-3p knockdown in the abdomen affected abdominal lipid mass on their own. Similarly, knockdown of ame-miR-305-5p in combination with JH or QMP also did not affect lipid mass. By contrast, ame-miR-305-5p knockdown in the abdomen caused substantial changes in gene expression in the brain. Brain gene expression changes included genes encoding transcription factors previously implicated in behavioral maturation. The results of these functional genomic experiments extend previous correlative associations of microRNAs with honey bee division of labor and point to specific roles for ame-miR-305-5p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarai H. Stuart
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amy C. Cash Ahmed
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Laura Kilikevicius
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Gene E. Robinson
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang Y, Wang A, Xue C, Tian H, Zhang Y, Zhou M, Zhao M, Liu Z, Zhang J. MicroRNA PC-5p-3991_515 mediates triflumezopyrim susceptibility in the small brown planthopper through regulating the post-transcriptional expression of P450 CYP417A2. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1761-1770. [PMID: 38018281 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are recognized as a major contributor to metabolic resistance in insects to most insecticides, through gene overexpressions and protein mutations. MicroRNA (miRNA), an important post-transcriptional regulator, has been reported to promote insecticide resistance by mediating the expression of detoxification enzyme genes. RESULTS In the present study, we reported that a novel microRNA PC-5p-3991_515 was involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of CYP417A2 and mediated the triflumezopyrim susceptibility in the small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén). The tissue expression profiles showed that CYP417A2 was highly expressed in fat body. CYP417A2 was significantly up-regulated at 12, 36, 60, 84 and 108 h after the triflumezopyrim treatment. RNA interference (RNAi) against CYP417A2 significantly increased triflumezopyrim susceptibility in SBPH. According to the prediction by miRanda and TargetScan software, three miRNAs were indicated to bind to CYP417A2. However, when oversupply of agomir, only two miRNAs, PC-3p-625_4405 and PC-5p-3991_515, significantly increased the susceptibility to triflumezopyrim and decreased CYP417A2 levels. Furthermore, PC-5p-3991_515 was confirmed to be involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of CYP417A2 by dual luciferase reporter assay. Meanwhile, PC-5p-3991_515 was co-localized with CYP417A2 in the midgut in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that the novel microRNA, PC-5p-3991_515, post-transcriptionally regulated CYP417A2 expression, which then mediated the triflumezopyrim susceptibility in SBPH. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxue Yang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiyu Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Honglin Tian
- Institute of Maize, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Maolin Zhou
- Institute of Maize, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mahalle RM, Mota-Sanchez D, Pittendrigh BR, Kim YH, Seong KM. miRNA Dynamics for Pest Management: Implications in Insecticide Resistance. INSECTS 2024; 15:238. [PMID: 38667368 PMCID: PMC11049821 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing chemical agents in pest management in modern agricultural practices has been the predominant approach since the advent of synthetic insecticides. However, insecticide resistance is an emerging issue, as pest populations evolve to survive exposure to chemicals that were once effective in controlling them, underlining the need for advanced and innovative approaches to managing pests. In insects, microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key regulators of a wide range of biological functions, characterized by their dynamic expression patterns and the ability to target genes. Recent studies are increasingly attributed to the significance of miRNAs in contributing to the evolution of insecticide resistance in numerous insect species. Abundant miRNAs have been discovered in insects using RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis and are known to play vital roles in regulation at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Globally, there is growing research interest in the characterization and application of miRNAs, especially for their potential role in managing insecticide resistance. This review focuses on how miRNAs contribute to regulating insecticide resistance across various insect species. Furthermore, we discuss the gain and loss of functions of miRNAs and the techniques for delivering miRNAs into the insect system. The review emphasizes the application of miRNA-based strategies to studying their role in diminishing insecticide resistance, offering a more efficient and lasting approach to insect management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Manohar Mahalle
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - David Mota-Sanchez
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | | | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Ecological Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea;
| | - Keon Mook Seong
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu J, Tian Z, Li R, Ni S, Sun H, Yin F, Li Z, Zhang Y, Li Y. Key Contributions of the Overexpressed Plutella xylostella Sigma Glutathione S-Transferase 1 Gene ( PxGSTs1) in the Resistance Evolution to Multiple Insecticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2560-2572. [PMID: 38261632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The overexpression of insect detoxification enzymes is a typical adaptive evolutionary strategy for insects to cope with insecticide pressure. In this study, we identified a glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene, PxGSTs1, that exhibited pronounced expression in the field-resistant population of Plutella xylostella. By using RNAi (RNA interference), the transgenic fly models, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) methods, we confirmed that the augmented expression of PxGSTs1 mediates the resistance of P. xylostella to various types of insecticides, including chlorantraniliprole, novaluron, λ-cyhalothrin, and abamectin. PxGSTs1 was found to bolster insecticide resistance in two ways: direct detoxification and enhancing antioxidative defenses. In addition, our findings demonstrated that pxy-miR-8528a exerts a pivotal influence on forming insecticide resistance in P. xylostella by downregulating PxGSTs1 expression. In summary, we elucidated the multifaceted molecular and biochemical underpinnings of PxGSTs1-driven insecticide resistance in P. xylostella. Our results provide a new perspective for understanding the insecticide resistance mechanism of P. xylostella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruichi Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shujun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yan Y, Qin DD, Yang H, Xu KK, Li C, Yang WJ. MicroR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 co-target Akt to regulate Lasioderma serricorne reproduction. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:106-118. [PMID: 37350038 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
High fecundity is a common characteristic of insect pests which increases the difficulty of population control. Serine/threonine kinase Akt is an indispensable component of the insulin signaling pathway. Silencing of LsAkt severely hinders reproduction in Lasioderma serricorne, a stored product insect pest. However, the post-transcriptional pathway of LsAkt in L. serricorne remains unknown. This study identified 2 binding sites of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 in the coding sequences of LsAkt. The expression profiles of 2 microRNAs (miRNAs) and LsAkt displayed an opposite pattern during the adult stages. Luciferase reporter assay showed that novel-mir50 and miR-9c-5p could downregulate the expression of LsAkt. Overexpression of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 by injection of mimics inhibited the expression of LsAkt and reduced oviposition, decreased egg hatchability, and blocked ovarian development. It also decreased the expression of genes involved in ovarian development (LsVg and LsVgR) and the nutritional signaling pathway (LsTOR, LsS6K, and Ls4EBP), and reduced the phosphorylation of Akt. Conversely, injection of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 inhibitors induced the expressions of LsAkt, LsVg, LsVgR, LsTOR, LsS6K, and Ls4EBP, enhanced Akt phosphorylation level, and accelerated ovarian development. Injection of bovine insulin downregulated the expression of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 and upregulated the LsAkt expression. It also rescued the reproductive development defects associated with miR-9c-5p/novel-mir50 overexpression, forming a positive regulatory loop of insulin signaling. These results indicate that miR-9c-5p/novel-mir50 regulates the female reproduction of L. serricorne by targeting Akt in response to insulin signaling. The data also demonstrate the effects of the insulin/miRNA/Akt regulatory axis in insect reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dong-Dong Qin
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kang-Kang Xu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Can Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen-Jia Yang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li J, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Meng S, Wang B, Li Z, Liu X, Zhang S. miR-2765 Modulates the Seasonal Polyphenism in Cacopsylla chinensis by Targeting a Novel Cold Rreceptor CcTRPC3. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:140-152. [PMID: 38118125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenism is a beneficial way in organisms to better cope with changing circumstances and is a hot topic in entomology, evolutionary biology, and ecology. Until now, this phenomenon has been proven to be season-, density-, and diet-dependent; however, there are very few reports on temperature regulation. Cacopsylla chinensis showed seasonal polyphenism, namely as summer- and winter-form, with obvious diversity in phenotypic characteristics in response to seasonal variation. Previous studies have found that low temperature in autumn is an extremely important element in inducing summer-form change to winter-form, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is still a mystery. Herein, we provided the initial evidence that the third instar of the summer-form is the critical period for developing to the winter-form, and 10 °C induces this transition by affecting the total pigment, chitin level, and thickness of the cuticle. Second, CcTPRC3 was proven to function as a novel cold receptor to control this seasonal polyphenism. Moreover, miR-2765 was found to mediate seasonal polyphenism by inhibiting CcTRPC3 expression. Last, we found that cuticle binding proteins CcCPR4 and CcCPR9 function as the downstream signals of CcTRPC3 to regulate the seasonal polyphenism in C. chinensis. In conclusion, our results displayed a novel signal pathway of miR-2765 and CcTRPC3 for the regulation of seasonal polyphenism in C. chinensis. These findings provide insights into the comprehensive analysis of insect polyphenism and are useful in developing potential strategies to block the phase transition for the pest control of C. chinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Dongyue Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Zhixian Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Shili Meng
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, 572025 Sanya City, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Songdou Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, 572025 Sanya City, Hainan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wen Z, Li K, Xu W, Zhang Z, Liang N, Chen M, Guo L. Role of miR-276-3p in the cyantraniliprole resistance mechanism of Bemisia tabaci via CYP6CX3 targeting. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127830. [PMID: 37926315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is an important insect pest that transmits over 200 different plant viruses and causes serious damage to the production of cotton and Solanaceae vegetables. Cyantraniliprole is the first diamide insecticide, showing toxicity against B. tabaci. However, B. tabaci has developed resistance to this insecticide by upregulating the expressions of cytochrome P450 genes such as CYP6CX3, while there is limited information on the regulatory mechanism mediated by miRNA. In the present study, ten miRNAs were predicted to target CYP6CX3, in which miR-276-3p showed an inverse expression pattern with CYP6CX3 in two cyantraniliprole resistant strains and under cyantraniliprole exposure. A luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-276-3p suppressed CYP6CX3 expression by pairing with residues 1445-1453. Overexpression or knockdown of miR-276-3p directly impacted B. tabaci resistance to cyantraniliprole. In addition, exposure to cyantraniliprole led to a significant reduction in the expressions of five genes (drosha, dicer1, dicer2, Ago1, and Ago2A) associated with miRNA biogenesis. Suppressing genes such as drosha, dicer1, and Ago2A reduced the expression of miR-276-3p, increased CYP6CX3 expression, and decreased B. tabaci resistance to cyantraniliprole. These results improve our understanding of the role of miRNAs in P450 regulation and cyantraniliprole resistance in B. tabaci.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zanrong Wen
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Kaixin Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Ni Liang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Moxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang N, Chen M, Zhou Y, Zhou WW, Zhu ZR. The microRNA pathway core genes are indispensable for development and reproduction in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 32:528-543. [PMID: 37162032 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs involved in a variety of cellular events by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Several core genes in miRNA biogenesis have been reported to participate in a wide range of physiological events, in some insect species. However, the functional significance of miRNA pathway core genes in Nilaparvata lugens remains unknown. In the present study, we conducted a systematic characterisation of five core genes involved in miRNA biogenesis. We first performed spatiotemporal expression analysis and found that miRNA core genes exhibited similar expression patterns, with high expression levels in eggs and relatively high transcriptional levels in the ovaries and fat bodies of females. RNA interference experiments showed that injecting third-instar nymphs with dsRNAs targeting the miRNA core genes, NlAgo1, NlDicer1, and NlDrosha resulted in high mortality rates and various degrees of body melanism, moulting defects, and wing deformities. Further investigations revealed that the suppression of miRNA core genes severely impaired ovarian development and oocyte maturation, resulting in significantly reduced fecundity and disruption of intercellular spaces between follicle cells. Moreover, the expression profiles of miR-34-5p, miR-275-3p, miR-317-3p, miR-14, Let-7-1, and miR-2a-3p were significantly altered in response to the knockdown of miRNA core genes mixture, suggesting that they play essential roles in regulating miRNA-mediated gene expression. Therefore, our results provide a solid theoretical basis for the miRNA pathway in N. lugens and suggest that the NlAgo1, NlDicer1, and NlDrosha-dependent miRNA core genes are essential for the development and reproduction of this agricultural pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Wen-Wu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Santiago PB, da Silva Bentes KL, da Silva WMC, Praça YR, Charneau S, Chaouch S, Grellier P, Dos Santos Silva Ferraz MA, Bastos IMD, de Santana JM, de Araújo CN. Insights into the microRNA landscape of Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of Chagas disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13120. [PMID: 37573416 PMCID: PMC10423254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in microRNAs (miRNAs) over recent years has led to their characterization in numerous organisms. However, there is currently a lack of data available on miRNAs from triatomine bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae), which are the vectors of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular biology of vectors provides new insights into insect-host interactions and insect control approaches, which are key methods to prevent disease incidence in endemic areas. In this work, we describe the miRNome profiles from gut, hemolymph, and salivary gland tissues of the Rhodnius prolixus triatomine. Small RNA sequencing data revealed abundant expression of miRNAs, along with tRNA- and rRNA-derived fragments. Fifty-two mature miRNAs, previously reported in Ecdysozoa, were identified, including 39 ubiquitously expressed in the three tissues. Additionally, 112, 73, and 78 novel miRNAs were predicted in the gut, hemolymph, and salivary glands, respectively. In silico prediction showed that the top eight most highly expressed miRNAs from salivary glands potentially target human blood-expressed genes, suggesting that R. prolixus may modulate the host's gene expression at the bite site. This study provides the first characterization of miRNAs in a Triatominae species, shedding light on the role of these crucial regulatory molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Beatriz Santiago
- Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Kaio Luís da Silva Bentes
- Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Yanna Reis Praça
- Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Sébastien Charneau
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Soraya Chaouch
- UMR 7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP52, 61 rue Buffon, 0575231, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Grellier
- UMR 7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP52, 61 rue Buffon, 0575231, Paris Cedex, France
| | | | - Izabela Marques Dourado Bastos
- Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jaime Martins de Santana
- Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Carla Nunes de Araújo
- Pathogen-Host Interface Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yoon KA, Lee DE, Lee SH, Kim JH. Exploring the potential role of defensins in differential vector competence of body and head lice for Bartonella quintana. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:183. [PMID: 37280715 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The body and head lice of humans are conspecific, but only the body louse functions as a vector to transmit bacterial pathogens such as Bartonella quintana. Both louse subspecies have only two antimicrobial peptides, defensin 1 and defensin 2. Consequently, any differences in the molecular and functional properties of these two louse subspecies may be responsible for the differential vector competence between them. METHODS To elucidate the molecular basis of vector competence, we compared differences in the structural properties and transcription factor/microRNA binding sites of the two defensins in body and head lice. Antimicrobial activity spectra were also investigated using recombinant louse defensins expressed via baculovirus. RESULTS The full-length amino acid sequences of defensin 1 were identical in both subspecies, whereas the two amino acid residues in defensin 2 were different between the two subspecies. Recombinant louse defensins showed antimicrobial activities only against the representative Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus but not against either Gram-negative Escherichia coli or the yeast Candida albicans. However, they did show considerable activity against B. quintana, with body louse defensin 2 being significantly less potent than head louse defensin 2. Regulatory sequence analysis revealed that the gene units of both defensin 1 and defensin 2 in body lice possess decreased numbers of transcription factor-binding sites but increased numbers of microRNA binding sites, suggesting relatively lower transcription activities of body louse defensins. CONCLUSIONS The significantly lower antibacterial activities of defensin 2 along with the reduced probability of defensin expression in body lice likely contribute to the relaxed immune response to B. quintana proliferation and viability, resulting in higher vector competence of body lice compared to head lice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjae Andrew Yoon
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Eun Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyeock Lee
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang J, Wang T, Qiu Y, Hassanyar AK, Zhang Z, Sun Q, Ni X, Yu K, Guo Y, Yang C, Lü Y, Nie H, Lin Y, Li Z, Su S. Differential Brain Expression Patterns of microRNAs Related to Olfactory Performance in Honey Bees ( Apis mellifera). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051000. [PMID: 37239360 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the nerve regulation of honey bees (Apis mellifera). This study aims to investigate the differences in expression of miRNAs in a honey bee's brain for olfactory learning tasks and to explore their potential role in a honey bee's olfactory learning and memory. In this study, 12 day old honey bees with strong and weak olfactory performances were utilized to investigate the influence of miRNAs on olfactory learning behavior. The honey bee brains were dissected, and a small RNA-seq technique was used for high-throughput sequencing. The data analysis of the miRNA sequences revealed that 14 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) between the two groups, strong (S) and weak (W), for olfactory performance in honey bees were identified, which included seven up-regulated and seven down-regulated. The qPCR verification results of the 14 miRNAs showed that four miRNAs (miR-184-3p, miR-276-3p, miR-87-3p, and miR-124-3p) were significantly associated with olfactory learning and memory. The target genes of these DEmiRNAs were subjected to the GO database annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. The functional annotation and pathway analysis showed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, biosynthesis of amino acids, pentose phosphate pathway, carbon metabolism, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis may be a great important pathway related to olfactory learning and memory in honey bees. Our findings together further explained the relationship between olfactory performance and the brain function of honey bees at the molecular level and provides a basis for further study on miRNAs related to olfactory learning and memory in honey bees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Huang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tianbao Wang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanmei Qiu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Aqai Kalan Hassanyar
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhaonan Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Laboratory of Evolution and Diversity Biology, UMR5174, University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Qiaoling Sun
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaomin Ni
- Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kejun Yu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yongkang Guo
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changsheng Yang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yang Lü
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mudanjiang 157041, China
| | - Hongyi Nie
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Songkun Su
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Academy of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xie J, Cai Z, Zheng W, Zhang H. Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in response to gut microbiota depletion in the abdomens of female Bactrocera dorsalis. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:443-458. [PMID: 35751912 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insect gut microbiota has been reported to participate in regulating host multiple biological processes including metabolism and reproduction. However, the corresponding molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in complex interactions between the gut microbiota and the host. Here, we used next-generation sequencing technology to characterize miRNA and mRNA expression profiles and construct the miRNA-gene regulatory network in response to gut microbiota depletion in the abdomens of female Bactrocera dorsalis. A total of 3016 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 18 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Based on the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA sequencing data, 229 negatively correlated miRNA-gene pairs were identified from the miRNA-mRNA network. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that DEMs could target several genes involved in the metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process, oogenesis, and insulin signaling pathway. Finally, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction further verified the accuracy of RNA sequencing results. In conclusion, our study provides the profiles of miRNA and mRNA expressions under antibiotics treatment and provides an insight into the roles of miRNAs and their target genes in the interaction between the gut microbiota and its host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhaohui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Duan TF, Li L, Wang HC, Pang BP. MicroRNA miR-2765-3p regulates reproductive diapause by targeting FoxO in Galeruca daurica. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:279-292. [PMID: 35731017 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The forkhead box O (FoxO), as a conserved transcription factor, plays an indispensable role in regulating insect diapause. However, how FoxO is regulated to control diapause in insects remains unknown. In this study, we discovered functional binding sites for miR-2765-3p in the 3' untranslated region of FoxO in Galeruca daurica. The luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-2765-3p targeted FoxO and suppressed its expression. The expression profiles of miR-2765-3p and FoxO displayed opposite patterns during the female developmental process. Overexpression of miR-2765-3p by the injection of the miR-2765-3p agomir into adult females reduced FoxO expression, leading to the suppression of lipid accumulation, promotion of ovarian development, and inhibition of reproductive diapause. This is similar to the phenotype that results from the depletion of FoxO by injecting dsFoxO into adult females. In addition, the repression of miR-2765-3p by injecting the miR-2765-3p antagomir increased the FoxO transcript level, leading to the stimulation of lipid accumulation, depression of ovarian development, and induction of reproductive diapause. A hormone injection assay showed that the juvenile hormone (JH) agonist (methoprene) upregulated miR-2765-3p and downregulated FoxO. Notably, injecting methoprene rescued ovarian development defects associated with miR-2765-3p inhibition. These findings indicate that the JH/miR-2765-3p/FoxO axis plays a vital role in the regulation of reproductive diapause in G. daurica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Feng Duan
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ling Li
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hai-Chao Wang
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bao-Ping Pang
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Asad S, Mehdi AM, Pujhari S, Rückert C, Ebel GD, Rasgon JL. Identification of MicroRNAs in the West Nile Virus Vector Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 60:182-293. [PMID: 36477983 PMCID: PMC10216877 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression during important biological processes including development and pathogen defense in most living organisms. Presently, no miRNAs have been identified in the mosquito Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae), one of the most important vectors of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America. We used small RNA sequencing data and in vitro and in vivo experiments to identify and validate a repertoire of miRNAs in Cx. tarsalis mosquitoes. Using bioinformatic approaches we analyzed small RNA sequences from the Cx. tarsalis CT embryonic cell line to discover orthologs for 86 miRNAs. Consistent with other mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus, miR-184 was found to be the most abundant miRNA in Cx. tarsalis. We also identified 20 novel miRNAs from the recently sequenced Cx. tarsalis genome, for a total of 106 miRNAs identified in this study. The presence of selected miRNAs was biologically validated in both the CT cell line and in adult Cx. tarsalis mosquitoes using RT-qPCR and sequencing. These results will open new avenues of research into the role of miRNAs in Cx. tarsalis biology, including development, metabolism, immunity, and pathogen infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Asad
- Department of Entomology, The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ahmed M Mehdi
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sujit Pujhari
- Department of Entomology, The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Claudia Rückert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USAand
| | - Gregory D Ebel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USAand
| | - Jason L Rasgon
- Department of Entomology, The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
You C, Zhang L, Song J, Zhang L, Zhen C, Gao X. The variation of a cytochrome P450 gene, CYP6G4, drives the evolution of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) resistance to insecticides in China. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123399. [PMID: 36775219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Long term and excessive insecticide use has resulted in some environmental problems and especially, insecticide resistance evolution in insect pests. The variation of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), associated with the metabolic detoxification of toxic xenobiotics, is often involved in insecticide resistance. Here, we found that the variation in a P450 gene, CYP6G4, is the most important driver of carbamates resistance in the house fly (Musca domestica). Deciphering the detailed molecular mechanisms of the insecticide resistance is critical for performing suitable insecticide resistance management strategies. Our research results revealed that the combination of amino acid mutations (110C-330E-360N/S, 110C-330E-360S) of CYP6G4 could improve the resistance to propoxur. The nucleotide variations in the promoter region of CYP6G4 significantly increased the luciferase activity by the reporter gene assays. Additionally, miR-281-1-5p was confirmed to post-transcriptionally down-regulate the expression of CYP6G4. These findings suggest that three independent mechanisms; amino acid mutations of the P450 protein, mutations in the promoter region and low expression of post-trans-regulatory factors, as the powerful strategies for the insect resistance to toxic compounds, play a crucial role in the evolutionary processes of insecticide resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei You
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Congai Zhen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang Z, Tang F, Xu M, Shen T. Exploring miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules responding to tannic acid stress in Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) via small RNA sequencing. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 113:86-97. [PMID: 35817762 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485322000359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) that regulate gene expression by inhibiting translation or degrading mRNA. Although the functions of miRNAs in many biological processes have been reported, there is currently no research on the possible roles of miRNAs in Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) involved in the response of plant allelochemicals. In this article, six sRNA libraries (three treated with tanic acid and three control) from M. troglodyta were constructed using Illumina sequencing. From the results, 312 known and 43 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed. Notably, some of the most abundant miRNAs, such as miR-432, miR-541-3p, and miR-4448, involved in important physiological processes were also identified. To better understand the function of the targeted genes, we performed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The results indicated that differentially expressed miRNA targets were involved in metabolism, development, hormone biosynthesis, and immunity. Finally, we visualized a miRNA-mRNA regulatory module that supports the role of miRNAs in host-allelochemical interactions. To our knowledge, this is the first report on miRNAs responding to tannic acid in M. troglodyta. This study provides indispensable information for understanding the potential roles of miRNAs in M. troglodyta and the applications of these miRNAs in M. troglodyta management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Tang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Shen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abbas MN, Kausar S, Asma B, Ran W, Li J, Lin Z, Li T, Cui H. MicroRNAs reshape the immunity of insects in response to bacterial infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176966. [PMID: 37153604 PMCID: PMC10161253 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between bacteria and insects can significantly impact a wide range of different areas because bacteria and insects are widely distributed around the globe. The bacterial-insect interactions have the potential to directly affect human health since insects are vectors for disease transmission, and their interactions can also have economic consequences. In addition, they have been linked to high mortality rates in economically important insects, resulting in substantial economic losses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are types of non-coding RNAs involved in regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. The length of miRNAs ranges from 19 to 22 nucleotides. MiRNAs, in addition to their ability to exhibit dynamic expression patterns, have a diverse range of targets. This enables them to govern various physiological activities in insects, like innate immune responses. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs have a crucial biological role in bacterial infection by influencing immune responses and other mechanisms for resistance. This review focuses on some of the most recent and exciting discoveries made in recent years, including the correlation between the dysregulation of miRNA expression in the context of bacterial infection and the progression of the infection. Furthermore, it describes how they profoundly impact the immune responses of the host by targeting the Toll, IMD, and JNK signaling pathways. It also emphasizes the biological function of miRNAs in regulating immune responses in insects. Finally, it also discusses current knowledge gaps about the function of miRNAs in insect immunity, in addition to areas that require more research in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bibi Asma
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhao Ran
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Gastrointestinal Vascular Surgery, The Chongqing Ninth People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingui Li
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Gastrointestinal Vascular Surgery, The Chongqing Ninth People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zini Lin
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Gastrointestinal Vascular Surgery, The Chongqing Ninth People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Gastrointestinal Vascular Surgery, The Chongqing Ninth People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Tiejun Li, ; Hongjuan Cui,
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Tiejun Li, ; Hongjuan Cui,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yang XB, Zhou C, Yang JP, Gong MF, Yang H, Long GY, Jin DC. Identification and profiling of Sogatella furcifera microRNAs and their potential roles in regulating the developmental transitions of nymph-adult. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:798-809. [PMID: 35899838 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sogatella furcifera is one of the most serious insect pests that affect rice in Asia. One class of small RNAs (sRNAs; ~22 nt long) is miRNAs, which participate in various biological processes by regulating the expression of target genes in a spatiotemporal manner. However, the role of miRNAs in nymph-to-adult transition in S. furcifera remains unknown. In this study, we sequenced sRNA libraries of S. furcifera prepared from individuals at three different developmental stages (pre-moult, moulting and early adult). A total of 253 miRNAs (134 known and 119 novel) were identified, of which 12 were differentially expressed during the nymph-to-adult developmental transition. Moreover, Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed that all 12 miRNAs were differentially expressed among five different nymph tissues and 14 different developmental stages (first to fifth instar nymphs and 1-day-old adults). Injection of miR-2a-2 mimic/antagomir and miR-305-5p-1 mimic/antagomir into 1-day-old fifth instar nymphs significantly increased the mortality rate. In addition, a defective moulting phenotype was observed in nymphs injected with miR-2a-2 and miR-305-5p-1, suggesting that these miRNAs are involved in S. furcifera nymph-adult transition. In conclusion, these results reveal the function of critical miRNAs in S. furcifera nymph-adult transition, and also provide novel potential targets of insecticides for the long-term sustainable management of S. furcifera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Bin Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Guiyang, China
| | - Cao Zhou
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Peng Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Fu Gong
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco Science of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gui-Yun Long
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Guiyang, China
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
A Tale of Two Lobsters—Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals a Potential Gap in the RNA Interference Pathway in the Tropical Rock Lobster Panulirus ornatus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911752. [PMID: 36233053 PMCID: PMC9569428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely utilised in many invertebrate models since its discovery, and in a majority of instances presents as a highly efficient and potent gene silencing mechanism. This is emphasized in crustaceans with almost all taxa having the capacity to trigger effective silencing, with a notable exception in the spiny lobsters where repeated attempts at dsRNA induced RNAi have demonstrated extremely ineffective gene knockdown. A comparison of the core RNAi machinery in transcriptomic data from spiny lobsters (Panulirus ornatus) and the closely related slipper lobsters (Thenus australiensis, where silencing is highly effective) revealed that both lobsters possess all proteins involved in the small interfering and microRNA pathways, and that there was little difference at both the sequence and domain architecture level. Comparing the expression of these genes however demonstrated that T. australiensis had significantly higher expression in the transcripts encoding proteins which directly interact with dsRNA when compared to P. ornatus, validated via qPCR. These results suggest that low expression of the core RNAi genes may be hindering the silencing response in P. ornatus, and suggest that it may be critical to enhance the expression of these genes to induce efficient silencing in spiny lobsters.
Collapse
|
28
|
Activating pathway of three metabolic detoxification phases via down-regulated endogenous microRNAs, modulates triflumezopyrim tolerance in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2439-2451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
29
|
Lee MH, Medina Munoz M, Rio RVM. The Tsetse Metabolic Gambit: Living on Blood by Relying on Symbionts Demands Synchronization. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:905826. [PMID: 35756042 PMCID: PMC9218860 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.905826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tsetse flies have socioeconomic significance as the obligate vector of multiple Trypanosoma parasites, the causative agents of Human and Animal African Trypanosomiases. Like many animals subsisting on a limited diet, microbial symbiosis is key to supplementing nutrient deficiencies necessary for metabolic, reproductive, and immune functions. Extensive studies on the microbiota in parallel to tsetse biology have unraveled the many dependencies partners have for one another. But far less is known mechanistically on how products are swapped between partners and how these metabolic exchanges are regulated, especially to address changing physiological needs. More specifically, how do metabolites contributed by one partner get to the right place at the right time and in the right amounts to the other partner? Epigenetics is the study of molecules and mechanisms that regulate the inheritance, gene activity and expression of traits that are not due to DNA sequence alone. The roles that epigenetics provide as a mechanistic link between host phenotype, metabolism and microbiota (both in composition and activity) is relatively unknown and represents a frontier of exploration. Here, we take a closer look at blood feeding insects with emphasis on the tsetse fly, to specifically propose roles for microRNAs (miRNA) and DNA methylation, in maintaining insect-microbiota functional homeostasis. We provide empirical details to addressing these hypotheses and advancing these studies. Deciphering how microbiota and host activity are harmonized may foster multiple applications toward manipulating host health, including identifying novel targets for innovative vector control strategies to counter insidious pests such as tsetse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mason H Lee
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Miguel Medina Munoz
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Department of Bacteriology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Rita V M Rio
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumar D, Alburaki M, Tahir F, Goblirsch M, Adamczyk J, Karim S. An Insight Into the microRNA Profile of the Ectoparasitic Mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), the Primary Vector of Honey Bee Deformed Wing Virus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:847000. [PMID: 35372101 PMCID: PMC8966896 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.847000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The remarkably adaptive mite Varroa destructor is the most important honey bee ectoparasite. Varroa mites are competent vectors of deformed wing virus (DWV), and the Varroa-virus complex is a major determinant of annual honey bee colony mortality and collapse. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22-24 nucleotide non-coding RNAs produced by all plants and animals and some viruses that influence biological processes through post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Knowledge of miRNAs and their function in mite biology remains limited. Here we constructed small RNA libraries from male and female V. destructor using Illumina's small RNA-Seq platform. A total of 101,913,208 and 91,904,732 small RNA reads (>18 nucleotides) from male and female mites were analyzed using the miRDeep2 algorithm. A conservative approach predicted 306 miRNAs, 18 of which were upregulated and 13 downregulated in female V. destructor compared with males. Quantitative real-time PCR validated the expression of selected differentially-expressed female Varroa miRNAs. This dataset provides a list of potential miRNA targets involved in regulating vital Varroa biological processes and paves the way for developing strategies to target Varroa and their viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
| | - Mohamed Alburaki
- Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Faizan Tahir
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
| | - Michael Goblirsch
- Southern Horticultural Research Unit, USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS, United States
| | - John Adamczyk
- Southern Horticultural Research Unit, USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS, United States
| | - Shahid Karim
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Agwunobi DO, Pei T, Bai R, Wang Z, Shi X, Zhang M, Yu Z, Liu J. miR-2a and miR-279 are functionally associated with cold tolerance in Dermacentor silvarum (Acari: Ixodidae). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 41:100946. [PMID: 34872025 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ticks are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites that can attack mammals, birds, reptiles as well as amphibians. Dermacentor silvarum, an important vector of various pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and protozoans, is widely distributed in China. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotide non-coding small RNA molecules, involved in the regulation of various physiological and cellular processes. Previous studies demonstrated the vital roles of miRNAs during the reproduction and development of ticks, whereas, the regulatory/functional roles of microRNAs during the cold response of ticks remain unexplored. Here, we identified and functionally explored D. silvarum miRNAs involved in cold response to gain further understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying cold stress in ticks. The microRNA libraries of D. silvarum were established via high-throughput sequencing after exposure to different cold treatments. A total of 147 miRNAs, including 44 known miRNAs and 103 new miRNAs, were identified. The verification of six highly differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-2a, miR-5305, miR-7, miR-279, miR-993, and novel-3) via RT-qPCR were consistent with the high-throughput sequence results. miR-2a peaked by day 6 and miR-279 expression was lowest by day 3 after cold treatment. The potential target genes of miR-2a and miR-279 were the glycogen phosphorylase (GPase) gene and serine gene, respectively. After injecting D. silvarum ticks with miR-2a and miR-279 antagonists, their respective target genes were up-regulated and vice-versa after injection with the agonists. These results indicated that these two miRNAs and their target genes may be involved in the cold response of D. silvarum ticks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desmond O Agwunobi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Tingwei Pei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Ruwei Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xinyue Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li X, Zhang F, Coates B, Wei C, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Zhou X. Temporal analysis of microRNAs associated with wing development in the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.) (Homoptera: Aphidiae). INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 142:103579. [PMID: 33894361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying wing evolution and development have been a point of scientific inquiry for decades. Phloem-feeding aphids are one of the most devastating global insect pests, where dispersal of winged morphs lead to annual movements, migrations, and range expansions. Aphids show a polyphenic wing dimorphism trait, and offer a model to study the role of environment in determining morphological plasticity of a single genotype. Despite recent progresses in the genetic understanding of wing polyphenism, the influence of environmental cues remains unclear. To investigate the involvement of miRNAs in wing development, we sequenced small RNA libraries of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.) across six different developmental stages. As a result, we identified 113 conserved and 193 S. avenae-specific miRNAs. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses of putative target mRNAs for the six differentially expressed miRNAs are enriched for wing development processes. Dietary uptake of miR-263a, miR-316, and miR-184a agomirs and antagomirs led to significantly higher mortality (>70%) and a lower proportion of winged morphs (<5%). On the other hand, wing malformation was observed in miR-2 and miR-306 agomirs and miR-2 and miR-14 antagomirs, respectively, suggesting their involvement in S. avenae wing morphogenesis. These combined results not only shed light on the regulatory role of miRNAs in wing dimorphism, but also provide potential novel targets for the long-term sustainable management of S. avenae, a devastating global grain pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangmei Zhang
- Henan Provincial South Henan Crop Pest Green Prevention and Control Academician Workstation, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, 46400, China
| | - Brad Coates
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects & Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Changping Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546-0091, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mao K, Jin R, Ren Z, Zhang J, Li Z, He S, Ma K, Wan H, Li J. miRNAs targeting CYP6ER1 and CarE1 are involved in nitenpyram resistance in Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:177-187. [PMID: 33783101 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of nitenpyram resistance has been confirmed to be related to overexpression of two key metabolic enzyme genes, CYP6ER1 and CarE1, in Nilaparvata lugens, a highly destructive rice pest that causes substantial economic losses and has developed insecticide resistance. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, whether they are involved in nitenpyram resistance is poorly understood in N. lugens. In this study, knockdown of key genes in the miRNA biogenesis pathway (Dicer1, Drosha, and Argonaute1) changed CYP6ER1 and CarE1 abundance, which confirmed the importance of miRNAs in nitenpyram resistance. Furthermore, global screening of miRNAs associated with nitenpyram resistance in N. lugens was performed, and a total of 42 known and 178 novel miRNAs were identified; of these, 57 were differentially expressed between the susceptible and resistant strains, and two (novel_85 and novel_191) were predicted to target CYP6ER1 and CarE1, respectively. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that novel_85 and novel_191 bind to the CYP6ER1 and CarE1 coding regions, respectively, and downregulate their expression. Moreover, modulating novel_85 and novel_191 expression by injection of miRNA inhibitors and mimics significantly altered N. lugens nitenpyram susceptibility. This is the first study to systematically screen and identify miRNAs associated with N. lugens nitenpyram resistance, and provides important information that can be used to develop new miRNA-based targets in insecticide resistance management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Mao
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoheng Jin
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijie Ren
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun He
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangsheng Ma
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Wan
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ben Youssef M, Christelle Ouédraogo B, Bastarache P, Dumas P, Moffat CE, Vickruck JL, Morin PJ. Exposure to Temperature and Insecticides Modulates the Expression of Small Noncoding RNA-Associated Transcripts in the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:23. [PMID: 35172010 PMCID: PMC8849280 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) is an insect that can adapt to various challenges, including temperature fluctuations or select insecticide treatments. This pest is also an ongoing threat to the potato industry. Small noncoding RNAs such as miRNAs, which can control posttranscriptionally the expression of various genes, and piRNAs, which can notably impact mRNA turnover, are modulated in insects under different conditions. Unfortunately, information regarding the expression status of key players involved in their synthesis and function is for the most part lacking. The current study thus aims at assessing the levels of such targets in L. decemlineata exposed to hot and cold temperatures as well as treated to the insecticides chlorantraniliprole, clothianidin, imidacloprid, and spinosad. Transcript expression levels of Ago1, Ago2, Ago3, Dcr2a, Dcr2b, Expo-5, Siwi-1, and Siwi-2, components of pathways associated with small noncoding RNA production or function, were measured by qRT-PCR and revealed modulation of select transcripts in response to temperature challenges and to select insecticides. RNAi-mediated reduction of Ago2 transcript levels in L. decemlineata injected with Ago2-targeting dsRNA and exposed to cold and warm temperatures was also conducted. Changes in survival rates were observed for the latter condition in dsRNA- versus saline-injected insects. These results showcase the differential expression of select targets involved in small noncoding RNA homeostasis and provide leads for the subsequent assessment of their involvement during stress response in L. decemlineata using RNAi-based approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Ben Youssef
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Brigitte Christelle Ouédraogo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Pierre Bastarache
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Pascal Dumas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Chandra E Moffat
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 850 Lincoln Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Jessica L Vickruck
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 850 Lincoln Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Pier Jr Morin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Avenue, Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Naitore C, Villinger J, Kibet CK, Kalayou S, Bargul JL, Christoffels A, Masiga DK. The developmentally dynamic microRNA transcriptome of Glossina pallidipes tsetse flies, vectors of animal trypanosomiasis. BIOINFORMATICS ADVANCES 2021; 2:vbab047. [PMID: 36699416 PMCID: PMC9710702 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single stranded gene regulators of 18-25 bp in length. They play a crucial role in regulating several biological processes in insects. However, the functions of miRNA in Glossina pallidipes, one of the biological vectors of African animal trypanosomosis in sub-Saharan Africa, remain poorly characterized. We used a combination of both molecular biology and bioinformatics techniques to identify miRNA genes at different developmental stages (larvae, pupae, teneral and reproductive unmated adults, gravid females) and sexes of G. pallidipes. We identified 157 mature miRNA genes, including 12 novel miRNAs unique to G. pallidipes. Moreover, we identified 93 miRNA genes that were differentially expressed by sex and/or in specific developmental stages. By combining both miRanda and RNAhybrid algorithms, we identified 5550 of their target genes. Further analyses with the Gene Ontology term and KEGG pathways for these predicted target genes suggested that the miRNAs may be involved in key developmental biological processes. Our results provide the first repository of G. pallidipes miRNAs across developmental stages, some of which appear to play crucial roles in tsetse fly development. Hence, our findings provide a better understanding of tsetse biology and a baseline for exploring miRNA genes in tsetse flies. Availability and implementation Raw sequence data are available from NCBI Sequence Read Archives (SRA) under Bioproject accession number PRJNA590626. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Careen Naitore
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya,Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Jandouwe Villinger
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya,To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
| | - Caleb K Kibet
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Shewit Kalayou
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Joel L Bargul
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya,Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Daniel K Masiga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya,To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang RL, Zhang Q, Fan JY, Yue Y, Chen EH, Yuan GR, Dou W, Wang JJ. RNA interference of Argonaute-1 delays ovarian development in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3921-3933. [PMID: 33884743 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of rapid resistance, new modes of action for pesticides are needed for insect control, such as RNAi-based biopesticides targeting essential genes. To explore the function of Argonaute-1 (Ago-1) and potential miRNAs in ovarian development of Bactrocera dorsalis, an important agricultural pest, and to develop a novel control strategy for the pest, BdAgo-1 was first identified in B. dorsalis. RESULTS Spatiotemporal expression analysis indicated that BdAgo-1 had a relatively high transcriptional level in the ovarian tissues of adult female B. dorsalis during the sexual maturation period. RNA interference (RNAi) experiment showed that BdAgo-1 knockdown significantly decreased the expression levels of ovarian development-related genes and delayed ovarian development. Although RNAi-mediated silencing of Ago-1 led to a reduced ovary surface area, a subsequent oviposition assay revealed that the influence was minimal over a longer time period. Small RNA libraries were constructed and sequenced from different ovarian developmental stages of B. dorsalis adults. Among 161 identified miRNAs, 84 miRNAs were differentially expressed during the three developmental stages of the B. dorsalis ovary. BdAgo-1 silencing caused significant down-regulation of seven differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) showing relatively high expression levels (>1000 TPM (Transcripts per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads)). The expression patterns of these seven core DEMs and their putative target genes were analyzed in the ovaries of B. dorsalis. CONCLUSION The results indicate that Ago-1 and Ago-1-dependent miRNAs are indispensable for normal ovarian development in B. dorsalis and help identify miRNA targets useful for control of this pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Yao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Er-Hu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Identification and Characterization of MicroRNAs in Gonads of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12080749. [PMID: 34442315 PMCID: PMC8396854 DOI: 10.3390/insects12080749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary For most insects, the development of the testis and ovary directly determines their reproductive ability. The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), is a polyphagous crop pest of the Lepidoptera Noctuidae. Owing to its broad range of host plants and strong fertility, H. armigera causes huge economic losses to agricultural production. Acting as a type of post-transcriptional regulatory factor, miRNAs participate in the gonadal development and reproductive regulation of H. arimgera. Our study uses H. armigera as a research object to identify and characterize the miRNAs and study their potential functions in the testis and ovary of this destructive crop pest. A total of 7,592,150 and 8,815,237 clean reads were obtained by constructing small RNA libraries of the testis and ovary, respectively. Length distribution analysis showed that the main types of small RNAs in the testis and ovary were different. Among the 74 known miRNAs, 60 miRNAs existed in the ovary, and 72 existed in the testis. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses indicated that the 8 gonad-biased differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-989a, miR-263-5p, miR-34, miR-2763, miR-998, miR-2c, miR-2765, and miR-252a-5p) had many target transcripts involved in the reproduction process. Abstract The high fecundity of the most destructive pest Helicoverpa armigera and its great resistance risk to insecticides and Bt crops make the reproductive-destruction-based control of this pest extremely appealing. To find suitable targets for disruption of its reproduction, we observed the testis and ovary development of H. armigera and conducted deep sequencing of the ovary and testis small RNAs of H. armigera and quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) validation to identify reproduction-related micro RNAs (miRNAs). A total of 7,592,150 and 8,815,237 clean reads were obtained from the testis and ovary tissue, respectively. After further analysis, we obtained 173 novel and 74 known miRNAs from the two libraries. Among the 74 known miRNAs, 60 miRNAs existed in the ovary and 72 existed in the testis. Further RT-qPCR validation of 5 miRNAs from the ovary and 6 miRNAs from the testis confirmed 8 of them were indeed ovary- (miR-989a, miR-263-5p, miR-34) or testis-biased (miR-2763, miR-998, miR-2c, miR-2765, miR-252a-5p). The 8 ovary- or testis-biased miRNAs had a total of 30,172 putative non-redundant target transcripts, as predicted by miRanda and RNAhybrid. Many of these target transcripts are assigned to reproduction-related GO terms (e.g., oocyte maturation, vitellogenesis, spermatogenesis) and are members of multiple reproduction-related KEGG pathways, such as the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, oocyte meiosis, the insulin signaling pathway, and insect hormone biosynthesis. These results suggest that the 8 gonad-biased miRNAs play important roles in reproduction and may be used as the targets for the development of reproductive-destruction-based control of H. armigera and, possibly, other lepidopteran pests.
Collapse
|
38
|
Shan S, Wang SN, Song X, Khashaveh A, Lu ZY, Dhiloo KH, Li RJ, Gao XW, Zhang YJ. Characterization and target gene analysis of microRNAs in the antennae of the parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1033-1048. [PMID: 32496619 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding single-strand RNA molecules encoded by endogenous genes, are about 21-24 nucleotides long and are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in plants and animals. Generally, the types and quantities of miRNAs in the different tissues of an organism are diverse, and these divergences may be related to their specific functions. Here we have identified 296 known miRNAs and 46 novel miRNAs in the antennae of the parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator by high-throughput sequencing. Thirty-three miRNAs were predicted to target olfactory-associated genes, including odorant binding proteins (OBPs), chemosensory proteins, odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs) and gustatory receptors. Among these, 17 miRNAs were significantly highly expressed in the antennae, four miRNAs were highly expressed both in the antennae and head or wings, while the remaining 12 miRNAs were mainly expressed in the head, thorax, abdomen, legs and wings. Notably, miR-9a-5p and miR-2525-3p were highly expressed in male antennae, whereas miR-1000-5p and novel-miR-13 were enriched in female antennae. The 17 miRNAs highly expressed in antennae are likely to be associated with olfaction, and were predicted to target one OBP (targeted by miR-3751-3p), one IR (targeted by miR-7-5p) and 14 ORs (targeted by 15 miRNAs including miR-6-3p, miR-9a-5p, miR-9b-5p, miR-29-5p, miR-71-5p, miR-275-3p, miR-1000-5p, miR-1000-3p, miR-2525-3p, miR-6012-3p, miR-9719-3p, novel-miR-10, novel-miR-13, novel-miR-14 and novel-miR-28). These candidate olfactory-associated miRNAs are all likely to be involved in chemoreception through the regulation of chemosensory gene expression in the antennae of M. mediator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Adel Khashaveh
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yun Lu
- IPM Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Khalid Hussain Dhiloo
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Rui-Jun Li
- College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xi-Wu Gao
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Aksoy E, Raikhel AS. Juvenile hormone regulation of microRNAs is mediated by E75 in the Dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2102851118. [PMID: 34266957 PMCID: PMC8307694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102851118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in controlling posttranscriptional gene regulation and have a profound effect on mosquito reproduction and metabolism. Juvenile hormone (JH) is critical for achieving reproductive competence in the main vector of human arboviral diseases, Aedes aegypti We report a JH-mediated mechanism governing miRNA expression. Using a transcription factor screen with multiple primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) promoters, we identified that the Ecdysone-induced protein E75 (E75) isoform (E75-RD) induced miRNA gene promoter activity. E75 binding sites were determined in miRNA promoters by means of cell transfection assay. E75-RD was found to be up-regulated by JH, as shown by the JH application and RNA interference (RNAi) of the JH receptor Methoprene-tolerant (Met). Small RNA sequencing from RNAi of Met and E75 displayed an overlapping miRNA cohort, suggesting E75 to be an intermediate component within the JH hierarchical network controlling miRNAs. Further experiments confirmed that E75-RD positively regulates several miRNAs including miR-2940. Reducing miR-2940 resulted in the arrest of follicle development and number of eggs laid. Performing miRNA target predictions and RT-qPCR from antagomir Ant-2940-3p-treated fat body tissues identified the mRNA target Clumsy (AAEL002518) The molecular interaction between this gene target and miR-2940 was confirmed using an in vitro dual luciferase assay in Drosophila S2 cells and in Ae. aegypti Aag2 cell lines. Finally, we performed a phenotypic rescue experiment to demonstrate that miR-2940/Clumsy is responsible for the disruption in egg development. Collectively, these results established the role of JH-mediated E75-RD in regulation of miRNA gene expression during the mosquito reproductive cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Aksoy
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Genomics, and Bioinformatics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Alexander S Raikhel
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521;
- Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ma X, He K, Shi Z, Li M, Li F, Chen XX. Large-Scale Annotation and Evolution Analysis of MiRNA in Insects. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:6255746. [PMID: 33905491 PMCID: PMC8126727 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are among the most diverse and successful groups of animals and exhibit great morphological diversity and complexity. The innovation of wings and metamorphosis are some examples of the fascinating biological evolution of insects. Most microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to canalization by conferring robustness to gene networks and thus increase the heritability of important phenotypes. Though previous studies have demonstrated how miRNAs regulate important phenotypes, little is still known about miRNA evolution in insects. Here, we used both small RNA-seq data and homology searching methods to annotate the miRNA repertoires of 152 arthropod species, including 135 insects and 17 noninsect arthropods. We identified 16,212 miRNA genes, and classified them into highly conserved (62), insect-conserved (90), and lineage-specific (354) miRNA families. The phylogenetic relationship of miRNA binary presence/absence dynamics implies that homoplastic loss of conserved miRNA families tends to occur in far-related morphologically simplified taxa, including scale insects (Coccoidea) and twisted-wing insects (Strepsiptera), leading to inconsistent phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The common ancestor of Insecta shares 62 conserved miRNA families, of which five were rapidly gained in the early winged-insects (Pterygota). We also detected extensive miRNA losses in Paraneoptera that are correlated with morphological reduction, and miRNA gains in early Endopterygota around the time holometabolous metamorphosis appeared. This was followed by abundant miRNA gains in Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. In summary, we provide a comprehensive data set and a detailed evolutionary analysis of miRNAs in insects. These data will be important for future studies on miRNA functions associated with insect morphological innovation and trait biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhou Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Kang He
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenmin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Singh CP. Viral-encoded microRNAs in host-pathogen interactions in silkworm. Microrna 2021; 10:3-13. [PMID: 33475082 DOI: 10.2174/2211536610666210121154314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori, apart from its well-known economic importance, has also emerged as an insect model to study host-pathogen interactions. The major concern for silkworm cultivation and the sericulture industry is the attack by various types of pathogens mainly includes viruses, fungi, bacteria and protozoa. Successful infection requires specific arsenals to counter the host immune response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the potential arsenals which are encoded by viruses and effectively used during host-pathogen interactions. MiRNAs are short noncoding 19-25 nucleotides long endogenous RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate expression of protein-coding genes in a sequencespecific manner. Most of the higher eukaryotes encode miRNAs and utilize them in the regulation of important cellular pathways. In silkworm, promising functions of miRNAs have been characterized in development, metamorphosis, immunity, and host-pathogen interactions. The viral miRNA-mediated fine-tuning of the viral, as well as cellular genes, is beneficial for making a cellular environment favorable for the virus proliferation. Baculovirus and cypovirus which infect silkworm have been shown to encode miRNAs and their functions are implicated in controlling the expression of both viral and host genes. In the present review, the author discusses the diverse functions of viral-encoded miRNAs in evasion of the host immune responses and reshaping of the silkworm cellular environment for replication. Besides, a basic overview of miRNA biogenesis and mechanism of action is also provided. Our increasing understanding of the viral miRNAs role in silkworm-virus interactions would not only assist us to get insights into the intricate pathways but also provide tools to deal with dreaded pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C P Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan. India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Luo W, Huang LX, Qin SK, Zhang X, Feng QL, Gu J, Huang LH. Multiple microRNAs control ecdysone signaling in the midgut of Spodoptera litura. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:1208-1223. [PMID: 31840397 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metamorphosis is one of the most important physiological processes in insects. It is regulated by a serial of ecdysone cascade genes. Recently, lots of microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated in insects; however, their function in metamorphosis is largely unknown. In the present study, the dynamics of a small RNA population was investigated by RNA sequencing from the midgut of a lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura during larval-pupal metamorphosis. A total of 101 miRNAs were identified, and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed during the metamorphic process. The relationship between these differentially expressed miRNAs and 12 ecdysone cascade genes was analyzed by four classical software programs, and a multiple-to-multiple regulatory network was found to exist between these miRNAs and their targets. Among them, miR-14-3p and its two targets (EcR and E75) were chosen for further validation. MiR-14-3p had higher expression level in the 6th instar larvae as compared with either the prepupae or pupae, which was opposite to that of both EcR and E75, two ecdysone cascade genes. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that both EcR and E75 were regulated by miR-14-3p. Interestingly, the 3' untranslated regions are nearly identical to each other among different transcript variants of the ecdysone cascade genes, including EcR, USP, E75, E74, E78, E93, Hr3, Hr4, Hr39, Krh1 and Ftzf1. Thus, different transcript variants of one ecdysone cascade gene could be regulated by the same miRNA. The above data suggest that the ecdysone signaling pathway is under the tight control of miRNA. These findings expand our understanding of the mechanism of insect metamorphosis and may also provide a novel possibility for the control of pest insects in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Application of Plant-Cancer Active Ingredients, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang-Kang Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Li Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Hua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Singh CP. Role of microRNAs in insect-baculovirus interactions. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 127:103459. [PMID: 32961323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a novel class of gene expression regulators and are found to be involved in regulating a wide range of biological processes such as development, cell cycle, metabolism, apoptosis, immunity, host-pathogen interactions etc. Generally miRNAs negatively regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding to the complementary target mRNA sequences. These tiny molecules are abundantly found in higher eukaryotes and viruses. Most of the DNA viruses of animals and insects encode miRNAs including baculoviruses. Baculoviruses are the insect-specific viruses that cause severe infection and mortality mainly in insect larvae of the order Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera. These enveloped viruses have multiple applications in biotechnology and biological pest control methods. For a better understanding of baculoviruses, it is necessary to elucidate the molecular basis of insect-baculovirus interactions. Recent advancement in the technologies for studying the gene expression has accelerated the discovery of new players in the insect-baculovirus interactions. MiRNAs are the emerging and fate-determining players of host-viral interactions. The long history of host and virus co-evolution suggests that the virus keeps on evolving its arsenals to succeed in infection whereas the host continues investing in antiviral defense mechanisms. In this review, I aim to highlight the recent information and understanding of the baculovirus-encoding miRNAs and their functions in regulating viral as well as host genes. Additionally, insect-derived miRNAs response to baculovirus infection is also discussed. A detailed critical view about the regulatory roles of miRNAs in insect-baculovirus interactions will help us to understand molecular networks amid these interactions and develop a sustainable antiviral strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C P Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, Rajasthan, India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
He Q, Zhang Y, Dong W. MicroRNA miR-927 targets the juvenile hormone primary response gene Krüppel homolog1 to control Drosophila developmental growth. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:545-554. [PMID: 32715555 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel homolog1 (Kr-h1) is a juvenile hormone (JH) response transcriptional factor that transduces JH signalling to repress insect metamorphosis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. While few studies about microRNAs (miRNAs) downregulating Kr-h1 expression to mediate insect metamorphosis have been demonstrated in hemimetabolous insects, the miRNAs that target the Kr-h1 of holometabolous insects have not been reported. Here, we identified two miR-927 binding sites within the 3'UTR region of Kr-h1 in Drosophila melanogaster, and miR-927 was found to downregulate the expression of Kr-h1. The expression profiles of miR-927 and Kr-h1 displayed relatively opposite pattern during most of the larval development stages. Overexpression of miR-927 in the fat body significantly decreased the expression of Kr-h1 and resulted in reduced oviposition, increased mortality, delayed pupation, and reduced pupal size. Notably, the co-overexpression of Kr-h1 rescued the developmental and growth defects associated with miR-927 overexpression, indicating that Kr-h1 is a biologically relevant target of miR-927. Moreover, the expression of miR-927 was found to be repressed by JH and its receptor Met/gce, forming a positive regulatory loop of JH signalling. Overall, our studies support a conserved role for the JH/miRNA/Kr-h1 regulatory axis in growth control during insect development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q He
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Environmental Monitoring Center Station, DaQing Environmental Protection Agency, Daqing, China
| | - W Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Villagra C, Frías-Lasserre D. Epigenetic Molecular Mechanisms in Insects. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:615-642. [PMID: 32514997 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Insects are the largest animal group on Earth both in biomass and diversity. Their outstanding success has inspired genetics and developmental research, allowing the discovery of dynamic process explaining extreme phenotypic plasticity and canalization. Epigenetic molecular mechanisms (EMMs) are vital for several housekeeping functions in multicellular organisms, regulating developmental, ontogenetic trajectories and environmental adaptations. In Insecta, EMMs are involved in the development of extreme phenotypic divergences such as polyphenisms and eusocial castes. Here, we review the history of this research field and how the main EMMs found in insects help to understand their biological processes and diversity. EMMs in insects confer them rapid response capacity allowing insect either to change with plastic divergence or to keep constant when facing different stressors or stimuli. EMMs function both at intra as well as transgenerational scales, playing important roles in insect ecology and evolution. We discuss on how EMMs pervasive influences in Insecta require not only the control of gene expression but also the dynamic interplay of EMMs with further regulatory levels, including genetic, physiological, behavioral, and environmental among others, as was earlier proposed by the Probabilistic Epigenesis model and Developmental System Theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Villagra
- Instituto de Entomología, Univ Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile.
| | - D Frías-Lasserre
- Instituto de Entomología, Univ Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tsang SSK, Law STS, Li C, Qu Z, Bendena WG, Tobe SS, Hui JHL. Diversity of Insect Sesquiterpenoid Regulation. Front Genet 2020; 11:1027. [PMID: 33133135 PMCID: PMC7511761 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are arguably the most successful group of animals in the world in terms of both species numbers and diverse habitats. The sesquiterpenoids juvenile hormone, methyl farnesoate, and farnesoic acid are well known to regulate metamorphosis, reproduction, sexual dimorphism, eusociality, and defense in insects. Nevertheless, different insects have evolved with different sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic pathway as well as products. On the other hand, non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs have been implicated in regulation of many important biological processes, and have recently been explored in the regulation of sesquiterpenoid production. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on the diversity of sesquiterpenoids reported in different groups of insects, as well as the recent advancements in the understanding of regulation of sesquiterpenoid production by microRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey S K Tsang
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sean T S Law
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chade Li
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhe Qu
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Stephen S Tobe
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jerome H L Hui
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Post-transcriptional modulation of cytochrome P450s, Cyp6g1 and Cyp6g2, by miR-310s cluster is associated with DDT-resistant Drosophila melanogaster strain 91-R. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14394. [PMID: 32873850 PMCID: PMC7463240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in mediating insecticide resistance remains largely unknown, even for the model species Drosophila melanogaster. Building on prior research, this study used microinjection of synthetic miR-310s mimics into DDT-resistant 91-R flies and observed both a significant transcriptional repression of computationally-predicted endogenous target P450 detoxification genes, Cyp6g1 and Cyp6g2, and also a concomitant increase in DDT susceptibility. Additionally, co-transfection of D. melanogaster S2 cells with dual luciferase reporter constructs validated predictions that miR-310s bind to target binding sites in the 3ʹ untranslated regions (3ʹ-UTR) of both Cyp6g1 and Cyp6g2 in vitro. Findings in the current study provide empirical evidence for a link between reduced miRNA expression and an insecticidal resistance phenotype through reduced targeted post-transcriptional suppression of transcripts encoding proteins involved in xenobiotic detoxification. These insights are important for understanding the breadth of adaptive molecular changes that have contributed to the evolution of DDT resistance in D. melanogaster.
Collapse
|
48
|
Deep Sequencing of Small RNAs in the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Reveals Novel MicroRNAs Potentially Associated with Begomovirus Acquisition and Transmission. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11090562. [PMID: 32842525 PMCID: PMC7564577 DOI: 10.3390/insects11090562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), a notorious insect vector, transmits hundreds of viruses causing serious yield losses in a diverse food and fiber crops including beans, cassava, cotton, cucurbits, pepper, sweet potato and tomato, and results in billions of U.S. dollars of economic losses annually worldwide. To investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating gene expression in whitefly that is associated with begomovirus transmission, we conducted small RNA sequencing and compared the microRNA (miRNA) profiles between viruliferous whiteflies feeding on tomato plants infected with a begomovirus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), and those whiteflies feeding on uninfected plants. We uncovered a comprehensive microRNA genetic regulatory system in whiteflies that may be involved in virus acquisition and transmission. Interestingly, correlating the expression profile of miRNAs and their target transcript expression in our earlier transcriptome study, we found miRNA expression was inversely correlated with predicted target gene expression in over 50% of all cases. This fundamental understanding will help identify new target sequences that could be used to improve RNA interference technology for whitefly control. These analyses could also serve as a model to study gene regulation in other systems involving arthropod transmission of viruses to plants and animals. Abstract The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a notorious insect vector that transmits hundreds of plant viruses, affecting food and fiber crops worldwide, and results in the equivalent of billions of U.S. dollars in crop loss annually. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism in virus transmission, we conducted deep sequencing of small RNAs on the whitefly B. tabaci MEAM1 (Middle East-Asia Minor 1) that fed on tomato plants infected with tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Overall, 160 miRNAs were identified, 66 of which were conserved and 94 were B. tabaci-specific. Among the B. tabaci-specific miRNAs, 67 were newly described in the present study. Two miRNAs, with predicted targets encoding a nuclear receptor (Bta05482) and a very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2 (Bta10702), respectively, were differentially expressed in whiteflies that fed on TYLCV-infected versus uninfected plants. To better understand the regulatory effects of identified miRNAs and their target genes, we correlated expression profiles of miRNAs and their target transcripts and found that, interestingly, miRNA expression was inversely correlated with the expression of ~50% of the predicted target genes. These analyses could serve as a model to study gene regulation in other systems involving arthropod transmission of viruses to plants and animals.
Collapse
|
49
|
González-González A, Wayne ML. Immunopathology and immune homeostasis during viral infection in insects. Adv Virus Res 2020; 107:285-314. [PMID: 32711732 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Organisms clear infections by mounting an immune response that is normally turned off once the pathogens have been cleared. However, sometimes this immune response is not properly or timely arrested, resulting in the host damaging itself. This immune dysregulation may be referred to as immunopathology. While our knowledge of immune and metabolic pathways in insects, particularly in response to viral infections, is growing, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate this immune response and hence little is known about immunopathology in this important and diverse group of organisms. In this chapter we focus both on documenting the molecular mechanisms described involved in restoring immune homeostasis in insects after viral infections and on identifying potential mechanisms for future investigation. We argue that learning about the immunopathological consequences of an improperly regulated immune response in insects will benefit both insect and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta L Wayne
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bryant WB, Ray S, Mills MK. Global Analysis of Small Non-Coding RNA Populations across Tissues in the Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae. INSECTS 2020; 11:E406. [PMID: 32630036 PMCID: PMC7411766 DOI: 10.3390/insects11070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a major global health problem, where the anautogenous female mosquito Anopheles gambiae serves as a major vector. In order to combat this devastating disease, understanding mosquito physiology is paramount. Numerous studies in the vector field demonstrate that small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play essential roles in numerous aspects of mosquito physiology. While our previous miRNA annotation work demonstrated expression dynamics across differing tissues, miRNAs represented less than 20% of all small ncRNAs in our small RNA-Seq libraries. To this end, we systematically classified multiple small ncRNA groups across mosquito tissues. Here we (i) determined a new enriched-midgut miRNA, (ii) updated the piRNA annotation in ovaries with a genomic map of unique-mapping piRNAs, (iii) identified pan-tissue and tissue-enriched mRNA-derived small ncRNAs, and (iv) assessed AGO1- and AGO2- loading of candidate small ncRNAs. Continued research will broaden our view of small ncRNAs and greatly aide in our understanding on how these molecules contribute to mosquito physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary Katherine Mills
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of South Carolina-Aiken, Aiken, SC 29801, USA;
| |
Collapse
|