1
|
Parveen N. COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual disturbances: A prospective study from Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40:1345-1348. [PMID: 39092064 PMCID: PMC11255808 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.40.7.8709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether or not immunization against COVID-19 is associated with changes in the duration and frequency of the menstrual cycle. Methods This prospective analysis included the menstrual cycle data of 154 females after COVID-19 vaccination from August 2021 to March 2022. This study included Pakistani females aged 18 to 45 years and who had taken at-least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. After two months of COVID vaccine the participants were interviewed again about the timing and duration of their menstrual cycle. The increase in menstrual length for >eight days was labelled as increased menstrual cycle duration. Results Mean age of participants was 33.53±8.52 years. Among 154, 113 (73.4%) were married. Among 154 females, menstrual abnormality was reported by 59 (38.3%) females, increase in cycle duration was reported by 25 (16.2%) patients and decrease by 22 (14.3%), increase in number of bleeding days by 20 (13%) females and decrease by 15 (9.7%), increase in pain intensity was reported by 19 (12.3%) females and decrease by 17 (11.0%), increased intensity of blood flow was reported by 20 (13.0%) patients and decreased intensity by 19 (12.3%) females. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccination is not associated with menstrual abnormalities in a significant number of females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Parveen
- Correspondence: Nuzhat Parveen Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il-81451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saha S, Chatterjee P, Basu S, Nasipuri M. EPI-SF: essential protein identification in protein interaction networks using sequence features. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17010. [PMID: 38495766 PMCID: PMC10944162 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins are considered indispensable for facilitating an organism's viability, reproductive capabilities, and other fundamental physiological functions. Conventional biological assays are characterized by prolonged duration, extensive labor requirements, and financial expenses in order to identify essential proteins. Therefore, it is widely accepted that employing computational methods is the most expeditious and effective approach to successfully discerning essential proteins. Despite being a popular choice in machine learning (ML) applications, the deep learning (DL) method is not suggested for this specific research work based on sequence features due to the restricted availability of high-quality training sets of positive and negative samples. However, some DL works on limited availability of data are also executed at recent times which will be our future scope of work. Conventional ML techniques are thus utilized in this work due to their superior performance compared to DL methodologies. In consideration of the aforementioned, a technique called EPI-SF is proposed here, which employs ML to identify essential proteins within the protein-protein interaction network (PPIN). The protein sequence is the primary determinant of protein structure and function. So, initially, relevant protein sequence features are extracted from the proteins within the PPIN. These features are subsequently utilized as input for various machine learning models, including XGB Boost Classifier, AdaBoost Classifier, logistic regression (LR), support vector classification (SVM), Decision Tree model (DT), Random Forest model (RF), and Naïve Bayes model (NB). The objective is to detect the essential proteins within the PPIN. The primary investigation conducted on yeast examined the performance of various ML models for yeast PPIN. Among these models, the RF model technique had the highest level of effectiveness, as indicated by its precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC values of 0.703, 0.720, 0.711, and 0.745, respectively. It is also found to be better in performance when compared to the other state-of-arts based on traditional centrality like betweenness centrality (BC), closeness centrality (CC), etc. and deep learning methods as well like DeepEP, as emphasized in the result section. As a result of its favorable performance, EPI-SF is later employed for the prediction of novel essential proteins inside the human PPIN. Due to the tendency of viruses to selectively target essential proteins involved in the transmission of diseases within human PPIN, investigations are conducted to assess the probable involvement of these proteins in COVID-19 and other related severe diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sovan Saha
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning), Techno Main Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Piyali Chatterjee
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhadip Basu
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mita Nasipuri
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Su S, Hu W, Chen X, Ren Y, Lu Y, Shi J, Zhang T, Zhang H, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhao F, Jin R, Liu Y, Zhang H, Liu G. Cardiac injury progression in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1348016. [PMID: 38510081 PMCID: PMC10950994 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1348016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The symptoms and signs of infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are milder in children than in adults. However, in April 2020, British pediatricians first reported that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may present as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents (MIS-C), similar to that observed in Kawasaki disease. MIS-C can be associated with multiple systemic injuries and even death in children. In addition to digestive system involvement, cardiac injury is prominent. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of cardiac injury caused by MIS-C, which may help clinicians in early diagnosis and timely commencement of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Su
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wandong Hu
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianguo Shi
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fen Zhao
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruifeng Jin
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Patel NT, Martinek A, Shaikh R, Kahar P, Khanna D. COVID-19 and Its Ophthalmic Manifestations: A Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55571. [PMID: 38576676 PMCID: PMC10993080 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus discovered in late 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The virus has now developed into a full-scale global pandemic affecting hundreds of millions of people to date. A majority of cases present with nonspecific acute upper respiratory symptoms. A wide range of systemic symptoms has been reported, with some patients presenting with nonspecific extrapulmonary symptoms. Recently, there has been an increased association of COVID-19-positive patients presenting with ocular symptoms. As an increasing number of patients present with ophthalmic manifestations, recognizing these visual symptoms is of utmost importance. Some patients may present with ocular symptoms as the first indication of COVID-19 infection; quickly isolating and starting treatment can aid in stopping the spread of this novel coronavirus. This review will describe the current epidemiology and pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the ophthalmic manifestations and their clinical course progression. Further, we will be reporting on the growing number of rare ocular manifestations that have occurred in some COVID-19-positive patients, along with the route of transmission, specific manifestations, and the treatment methods for both these pulmonary and extrapulmonary symptoms, specifically the ocular manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neal T Patel
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Alexander Martinek
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Raheel Shaikh
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Payal Kahar
- Department of Health Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, USA
| | - Deepesh Khanna
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh K, Kaur N, Prabhu A. Combating COVID-19 Crisis using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Approach: Systematic Review. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:737-753. [PMID: 38318824 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266282179240124072121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2, the unique coronavirus that causes COVID-19, has wreaked damage around the globe, with victims displaying a wide range of difficulties that have encouraged medical professionals to look for innovative technical solutions and therapeutic approaches. Artificial intelligence-based methods have contributed a significant part in tackling complicated issues, and some institutions have been quick to embrace and tailor these solutions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic's obstacles. Here, in this review article, we have covered a few DL techniques for COVID-19 detection and diagnosis, as well as ML techniques for COVID-19 identification, severity classification, vaccine and drug development, mortality rate prediction, contact tracing, risk assessment, and public distancing. This review illustrates the overall impact of AI/ML tools on tackling and managing the outbreak. PURPOSE The focus of this research was to undertake a thorough evaluation of the literature on the part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a complete and efficient solution in the battle against the COVID-19 epidemic in the domains of detection and diagnostics of disease, mortality prediction and vaccine as well as drug development. METHODS A comprehensive exploration of PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct was conducted using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) regulations to find all possibly suitable papers conducted and made publicly available between December 1, 2019, and August 2023. COVID-19, along with AI-specific words, was used to create the query syntax. RESULTS During the period covered by the search strategy, 961 articles were published and released online. Out of these, a total of 135 papers were chosen for additional investigation. Mortality rate prediction, early detection and diagnosis, vaccine as well as drug development, and lastly, incorporation of AI for supervising and controlling the COVID-19 pandemic were the four main topics focused entirely on AI applications used to tackle the COVID-19 crisis. Out of 135, 60 research papers focused on the detection and diagnosis of the COVID-19 pandemic. Next, 19 of the 135 studies applied a machine-learning approach for mortality rate prediction. Another 22 research publications emphasized the vaccine as well as drug development. Finally, the remaining studies were concentrated on controlling the COVID-19 pandemic by applying AI AI-based approach to it. CONCLUSION We compiled papers from the available COVID-19 literature that used AI-based methodologies to impart insights into various COVID-19 topics in this comprehensive study. Our results suggest crucial characteristics, data types, and COVID-19 tools that can aid in medical and translational research facilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry & Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Ashish Prabhu
- Biotechnology Department, NIT Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Das A, Pathak S, Premkumar M, Sarpparajan CV, Balaji ER, Duttaroy AK, Banerjee A. A brief overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its management strategies: a recent update. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04848-3. [PMID: 37742314 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global health crisis, inflicting substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. A diverse range of symptoms, including fever, cough, dyspnea, and fatigue, characterizes COVID-19. A cytokine surge can exacerbate the disease's severity. This phenomenon involves an increased immune response, marked by the excessive release of inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IFNγ, leading to tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Efforts to reduce the cytokine surge and its associated complications have garnered significant attention. Standardized management protocols have incorporated treatment strategies, with corticosteroids, chloroquine, and intravenous immunoglobulin taking the forefront. The recent therapeutic intervention has also assisted in novel strategies like repurposing existing medications and the utilization of in vitro drug screening methods to choose effective molecules against viral infections. Beyond acute management, the significance of comprehensive post-COVID-19 management strategies, like remedial measures including nutritional guidance, multidisciplinary care, and follow-up, has become increasingly evident. As the understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis deepens, it is becoming increasingly evident that a tailored approach to therapy is imperative. This review focuses on effective treatment measures aimed at mitigating COVID-19 severity and highlights the significance of comprehensive COVID-19 management strategies that show promise in the battle against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alakesh Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Madhavi Premkumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Chitra Veena Sarpparajan
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Esther Raichel Balaji
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang C, Kurata S, Fuse N. Re-recognition of innate immune memory as an integrated multidimensional concept. Microbiol Immunol 2023. [PMID: 37311618 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the concept of immunological memory, which has long been considered a phenomenon observed in the adaptive immunity of vertebrates, has been extended to the innate immune system of various organisms. This de novo immunological memory is mainly called "innate immune memory", "immune priming", or "trained immunity" and has received increased attention because of its potential for clinical and agricultural applications. However, research on different species, especially invertebrates and vertebrates, has caused controversy regarding this concept. Here we discuss the current studies focusing on this immunological memory and summarize several mechanisms underlying it. We propose "innate immune memory" as a multidimensional concept as an integration between the seemingly different immunological phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kurata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Fuse
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ye L, Fan S, Zhao P, Wu C, Liu M, Hu S, Wang P, Wang H, Bi H. Potential herb‒drug interactions between anti-COVID-19 drugs and traditional Chinese medicine. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023:S2211-3835(23)00203-4. [PMID: 37360014 PMCID: PMC10239737 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide. Effective treatments against COVID-19 remain urgently in need although vaccination significantly reduces the incidence, hospitalization, and mortality. At present, antiviral drugs including Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (PaxlovidTM), Remdesivir, and Molnupiravir have been authorized to treat COVID-19 and become more globally available. On the other hand, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the treatment of epidemic diseases for a long history. Currently, various TCM formulae against COVID-19 such as Qingfei Paidu decoction, Xuanfei Baidu granule, Huashi Baidu granule, Jinhua Qinggan granule, Lianhua Qingwen capsule, and Xuebijing injection have been widely used in clinical practice in China, which may cause potential herb-drug interactions (HDIs) in patients under treatment with antiviral drugs and affect the efficacy and safety of medicines. However, information on potential HDIs between the above anti-COVID-19 drugs and TCM formulae is lacking, and thus this work seeks to summarize and highlight potential HDIs between antiviral drugs and TCM formulae against COVID-19, and especially pharmacokinetic HDIs mediated by metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters. These well-characterized HDIs could provide useful information on clinical concomitant medicine use to maximize clinical outcomes and minimize adverse and toxic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Shicheng Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China
| | - Chenghua Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Menghua Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Shuang Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Peng Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Huichang Bi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Granata V, Fusco R, Villanacci A, Grassi F, Grassi R, Di Stefano F, Petrone A, Fusco N, Ianniello S. Qualitative and semi-quantitative ultrasound assessment in delta and Omicron Covid-19 patients: data from high volume reference center. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:34. [PMID: 37245026 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00515-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the efficacy of US, both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively, in the selection of treatment for the Covid-19 patient, using patient triage as the gold standard. METHODS Patients admitted to the Covid-19 clinic to be treated with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) or retroviral treatment and undergoing lung ultrasound (US) were selected from the radiological data set between December 2021 and May 2022 according to the following inclusion criteria: patients with proven Omicron variant and Delta Covid-19 infection; patients with known Covid-19 vaccination with at least two doses. Lung US (LUS) was performed by experienced radiologists. The presence, location, and distribution of abnormalities, such as B-lines, thickening or ruptures of the pleural line, consolidations, and air bronchograms, were evaluated. The anomalous findings in each scan were classified according to the LUS scoring system. Nonparametric statistical tests were performed. RESULTS The LUS score median value in the patients with Omicron variant was 1.5 (1-20) while the LUS score median value in the patients with Delta variant was 7 (3-24). A difference statistically significant was observed for LUS score values among the patients with Delta variant between the two US examinations (p value = 0.045 at Kruskal Wallis test). There was a difference in median LUS score values between hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients for both the Omicron and Delta groups (p value = 0.02 on the Kruskal Wallis test). For Delta patients groups the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, considering a value of 14 for LUS score for the hospitalization, were of 85.29%, 44.44%, 85.29% and 76.74% respectively. CONCLUSIONS LUS is an interesting diagnostic tool in the context of Covid-19, it could allow to identify the typical pattern of diffuse interstitial pulmonary syndrome and could guide the correct management of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Granata
- Division of Radiology, "Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale - IRCCS di Napoli", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alberta Villanacci
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Grassi
- Division of Radiology, "Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM), SIRM Foundation, Via della Signora 2, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Grassi
- Division of Radiology, "Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM), SIRM Foundation, Via della Signora 2, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Di Stefano
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Petrone
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Fusco
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Ianniello
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, 00149, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hijazi MA, Shatila H, Abu Qiyas S, Aboul-Ela M, El-Lakany A, Naja F. Complementary and alternative medicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Res Social Adm Pharm 2023; 19:502-509. [PMID: 36371308 PMCID: PMC9617642 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The challenges in COVID-19 treatment have driven patients to seek Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) for the prevention and/or treatment of the disease. Pharmacists are uniquely positioned to promote the effective and safe use of CAM. OBJECTIVE Assess the beliefs, practices, and knowledge of community pharmacists in Lebanon about existing evidence for the use of CAM for the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19. METHODS A national cross-sectional survey was conducted among community pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon (n = 310 respondents). Participants completed an online questionnaire addressing, in addition to the socio-demographic characteristics; the beliefs, practices, and knowledge of pharmacists regarding the existing evidence of CAM use for COVID-19 prevention and/or treatment. RESULTS Pharmacists (70%) received frequent inquiries about CAM for COVID-19 prevention or treatment. Only 25.5% of the pharmacists reported having enough time to get information about CAM and COVID-19. Almost all participants believed that pharmacists have a major role in the fight against COVID-19 (98%) and that they have enough information to counsel patients in that regard (75%). For practices, the majority of pharmacists reported counseling their patients on proper use (98%) and possible adverse reactions (93%) of CAM, but only 51% reported toxic or undesirable effects. Regarding knowledge, although most pharmacists answered correctly the questions on the role of CAM in preventing COVID-19, few knew about its role in treating the infection. Pharmacists who trust the WHO website as a credible source had a higher knowledge score (β = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.05-0.986). CONCLUSIONS The positive beliefs and practices of pharmacists towards CAM during the pandemic were coupled with a few gaps, especially in their knowledge about existing evidence for CAM use. Concerted efforts ought to be dedicated to supporting pharmacists in playing a more prominent role during health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Ali Hijazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hibeh Shatila
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma Abu Qiyas
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Aboul-Ela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdalla El-Lakany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates,Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIHMS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates,Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences American, University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,Corresponding author. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun Y, Tao Q, Cao Y, Yang T, Zhang L, Luo Y, Wang L. Kaempferol has potential anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) targets based on bioinformatics analyses and pharmacological effects on endotoxin-induced cytokine storm. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36726236 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has infected 272 million patients and caused 5.33 million deaths around the world, and it remains the main global threat. Previous studies revealed that Chinese traditional medicine is an effective treatment for COVID-19 infection. This study aims to reveal the pharmacological effects of kaempferol, which is the active component of Radix Bupleuri and Tripterygii Radix, and potential mechanisms for the treatment of COVID-19. Here, we employed the bioinformatics methods to filter the anti-COVID-19 candidate genes of kaempferol, which mainly enriched in inflammation (TNF, JUN, etc.) and virus infection (AKT1, JNK, etc.). The Transcription levels of AKT1, JNK and JUN were significantly reduced by kaempferol treatment in the LPS-activated macrophages. In addition, kaempferol reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors by LPS-stimulated macrophages, inhibited MAPK/NF-κB signaling and regulated macrophage polarization to M2 type in vitro, and suppressed endotoxin-induced cytokine storm and improved survival in mice. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that kaempferol was probable to bind the COVID-19 protein 5R84 and formatted hydrogen bond with the residues, the free binding energy of which was lower than the original ligand. In summary, our current work indicates that kaempferol has anti-COVID-19 potential through the reduction of COVID-19-induced body dysfunction and molecule-protein interaction, and bioinformatics results clarify that some of these key target genes might serve as potential molecular markers for detecting COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxiang Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Arts & Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Yifeng Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahmed FR, Al-Yateem N, Arsyad Subu M, Alkawaldeh M, Dias JM, Saifan AR, AbuRuz ME. Quality of life as a mediating factor in the relationship between fatigue and perception of safety among critical care nurses in the United Arab Emirates. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2023; 76:103391. [PMID: 36702032 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A scientific understanding of the relationships between intensive care unit nurses' well-being and patient safety will allow nurse managers, administrators, and policymakers to simultaneously manage crucial organisational goals of nurses' health and patient safety. Understanding predictors of fatigue among intensive care unit nurses may help to balance personal and organisational impacts (e.g., turnover intention, sick leave) and provide a way to positively influence their safety perception. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the association between work fatigue and perception of patient safety among nurses working in critical care units and determine whether their quality of life levels mediated this relationship. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional correlational comparative design. Participants were a sample of 250 intensive care unit nurses recruited conveniently from three large hospitals in the United Arab Emirates. The self-reported questionnaire included the Nursing Quality of Life Scale, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ)-ICU version, as well as sociodemographic characteristics and work-related information. RESULTS Of the 250 participating nurses, 76.8 % reported low QoL. There was a statistically significant correlation between nurses' Quality of Life and fatigue levels (r = 0.234, P = 0.000). Overall, 52.8 % of the sample had high fatigue and 49.6 % had poor safety perception. Multiple regression analysis using the Baron and Kenny approach showed that QoL, marital status, gender, and work environment were predictors of nurses' perception of safety. CONCLUSION Intensive care unit nurses had high levels of fatigue and poor Quality of Life. High Quality of Life and a favourable work environment were independent predictors of good patient safety perception. Efforts should be directed to maximize staffing resources that positively impact patient safety. These findings are comparable with international studies, suggesting that these issues may be ubiquitous. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE Intensive care practitioners, managers and policymakers should adopt measures to modify intensive care nurses' exhausting working conditions and provide a supportive environment. these interventions might improve nurses' perception of patient safety and consequently prevent safety incidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohammad Alkawaldeh
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmad Rajeh Saifan
- Clinical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohannad Eid AbuRuz
- Clinical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mortuza MG, Roni MAH, Kumer A, Biswas S, Saleh MA, Islam S, Sadaf S, Akther F. A Computational Study on Selected Alkaloids as SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors: PASS Prediction, Molecular Docking, ADMET Analysis, DFT, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Biochem Res Int 2023; 2023:9975275. [PMID: 37181403 PMCID: PMC10171978 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9975275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite treatments and vaccinations, it remains difficult to develop naturally occurring COVID-19 inhibitors. Here, our main objective is to find potential lead compounds from the retrieved alkaloids with antiviral and other biological properties that selectively target the main SARS-CoV-2 protease (Mpro), which is required for viral replication. In this work, 252 alkaloids were aligned using Lipinski's rule of five and their antiviral activity was then assessed. The prediction of activity spectrum of substances (PASS) data was used to confirm the antiviral activities of 112 alkaloids. Finally, 50 alkaloids were docked with Mpro. Furthermore, assessments of molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEPS), density functional theory (DFT), and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) were performed, and a few of them appeared to have potential as candidates for oral administration. Molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) with a time step of up to 100 ns were used to confirm that the three docked complexes were more stable. It was found that the most prevalent and active binding sites that limit Mpro'sactivity are PHE294, ARG298, and GLN110. All retrieved data were compared to conventional antivirals, fumarostelline, strychnidin-10-one (L-1), 2,3-dimethoxy-brucin (L-7), and alkaloid ND-305B (L-16) and were proposed as enhanced SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Finally, with additional clinical or necessary study, it may be able to use these indicated natural alkaloids or their analogs as potential therapeutic candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Golam Mortuza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abul Hasan Roni
- Department of Science and Humanities, Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh
| | - Ajoy Kumer
- Department of Chemistry, European University of Bangladesh-EUB, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Suvro Biswas
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Saleh
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Shirmin Islam
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Samia Sadaf
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Akther
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Petrucci E, Cofini V, Pizzi B, Cascella M, Marrocco G, Ceccaroni G, Necozione S, Vittori A, Marinangeli F. Pain in critically ill COVID-19 patients: An Italian retrospective study. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1803-1810. [PMID: 36447524 PMCID: PMC9673487 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We retrospectively analyzed the data from patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Hospital of L'Aquila during the first and second waves of pandemic to identify pain related to COVID-19. Pain was evaluated by using the Numerical Rating Scale, and the assessment for neuropathic disturbances of pain was performed with von Frey's hair and Lindblom tests. Pain increased significantly during hospitalization (from 48% at hospital admission to 94.3% at ICU discharge). Female patients were affected by somatic pain in 32.8% of the cases and by somatic pain and pain with neuropathic features (NFs) in 23.5% of the cases, during the ICU stay. Somatic pain and pain with NFs affected more frequently patients with cardiological and respiratory comorbidities. Patients treated with continuous positive airway pressure via helmet had a higher frequency of somatic pain and pain with neuropathic disturbances (84 and 74%, respectively). The frequency of somatic pain and pain with neuropathic disturbances was lower in patients sedated with propofol combined with ketamine. Females have been associated with a higher risk of somatic pain and pain with NFs. Patients with cardiological and respiratory comorbidities undergoing noninvasive ventilation had higher levels of pain. As conclusion, ketamine may reduce the promotion or the worsening of pain in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Petrucci
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, San Salvatore Academic Hospital of L’Aquila, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cofini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Barbara Pizzi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, SS Filippo and Nicola Academic Hospital of Avezzano, 67051, Avezzano, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Cascella
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gioele Marrocco
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Ceccaroni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Necozione
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vittori
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, ARCO ROMA, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Marinangeli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
ENT Emergencies During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic at the Mohammed VI Hospital in Marrakech: Comparative Study Between Pre-and During COVID Pandemic in ENT Department. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:3333-3336. [PMID: 36267487 PMCID: PMC9568947 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid global spreading of SARS-CoV2 virus had triggered a state of alert in health systems imposing safety measures to limit its spreading. The aim of our study is to compare the number and type of emergency admissions in our university hospital between the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic and the same period of the previous year. A decrease in the number of patients and the nature of pathologies admitted to the emergency room during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study highlights that the Covid 19 epidemic and the containment have largely reduced the influx of patients treated in the ENT university emergency department of Marrakech, thus demonstrating that level 2 regional hospitals can take care of the majority of ENT emergencies and leave access to the level 3 university hospital to patients requiring heavy and multidisciplinary management.
Collapse
|
16
|
KARACA ÖZER P, AYDUK GOVDELI E, ALTINKAYNAK M, BAYKIZ D, ARICI H, ÇATMA Y, MEDETALİBEYOĞLU A, KARAAYVAZ EB. COVID-19'dan iyileşme sonrası tedavi rejimlerine göre biventriküler miyokard geriliminin karşılaştırılması. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1092998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The effects of different COVID-19 therapeutic strategies on cardiac function are uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different medical treatments on biventricular function in patients who had recovered from COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed to examine the biventricular myocardial function of patients at follow-up visits after recovery from COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups based on the medication they used during the active disease: favipiravir (FAV; n = 60) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ; n = 60). A comparison was made with risk factor–matched controls (n = 41).
Results: A total of 161 patients were included in the study. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, end-diastolic diameter, and end-systolic diameter were higher in the HCQ and FAV groups compared to the controls, while the left ventricular ejection fraction was similar between all the groups. The right ventricular diameter was increased, and the systolic pulmonary artery pressure was higher in the HCQ and FAV groups compared to the controls. The left ventricular global longitudinal strain (-18±6.6 vs. -19.7±4.4 vs. -20.4±5, respectively), the right ventricular global longitudinal strain (-19.8±7.5 vs. -22.2±6 vs. -23.4±6.2, respectively), and the right ventricular free wall strain (-16.9±3.6 vs. -18.2±2.4 vs. -19.6±4.7, respectively) were worse in the HCQ group compared to the FAV and control groups.
Conclusion: This study found echocardiographic evidence of subclinical cardiac involvement in both the HCQ and FAV groups compared to the controls. However, HCQ treatment was associated with an increased risk of biventricular subclinical systolic dysfunction in COVID-19 survivors compared with FAV treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin KARACA ÖZER
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, KARDİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Elif AYDUK GOVDELI
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, KARDİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | | | - Derya BAYKIZ
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, KARDİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Huzeyfe ARICI
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ
| | - Yunus ÇATMA
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ
| | | | - Ekrem Bilal KARAAYVAZ
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İSTANBUL TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, KARDİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Patel NT, Shah MS, Amrithphale A. Potential Cardiac Tamponade Development Secondary to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 48:101417. [PMID: 36155201 PMCID: PMC9494860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Upon initial discovery in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, has managed to spread across the planet. A plethora of symptoms affecting multiple organ systems have been described, with the most common being nonspecific upper respiratory symptoms: cough, dyspnea, and wheezing. However, the cardiovascular system is also at risk following COVID-19 infection. Numerous cardiovascular complications have been reported by physicians globally, in particular cardiac tamponade Physicians must hold a high index of suspicion in identifying and treating patients with cardiac tamponade who may have contracted the novel coronavirus. This review will describe the current epidemiology and pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and cardiac tamponade, highlighting their clinical course progression and the implications it may have for the severity of both illnesses. The paper will also review published case reports of cardiac tamponade, clinical presentation, and treatment of this complication, as well as the disease as a whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neal T Patel
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.A..
| | - Miti S Shah
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Amod Amrithphale
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qin Z, Sun Y, Zhang J, Zhou L, Chen Y, Huang C. Lessons from SARS‑CoV‑2 and its variants (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:263. [PMID: 35730623 PMCID: PMC9260876 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has swept through mainland China by human-to-human transmission. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, including the currently prevalent Omicron strain, pose a serious threat worldwide. The present review summarizes epidemiological investigation and etiological analysis of genomic, epidemiological, and pathological characteristics of the original strain and its variants, as well as progress in diagnosis and treatment. Prevention and control measures used during the current Omicron pandemic are discussed to provide further knowledge of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Qin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Acceptance and Adherence to COVID-19 Vaccination-The Role of Cognitive and Emotional Representations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159268. [PMID: 35954625 PMCID: PMC9368462 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitation is a topic of utmost importance, with the COVID-19 pandemic serving as a clear reminder of its timeliness. Besides evaluating COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a sample of Portuguese people, this study aims at understanding cognitive and emotional representations related to vaccination, and their influence on vaccination hesitation. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 27 December 2020 and 27 January 2021. It assessed cognitive and emotional COVID-19 representations; vaccination status; cognitive and emotional representations of vaccination and perceived necessity and concerns about vaccines. Of 31 × 58 participants, 91% accepted taking a COVID-19 vaccine. Among several other significant findings, women (71.3%) more often considered that the pandemic affected their lives (p < 0.001) and were more often concerned with being infected (p < 0.001). Likewise, there were significantly more female participants concerned about taking a COVID-19 vaccine and its possible effects, when compared to the number of male participants (p < 0.001). The number of participants with a higher education level that were more worried about becoming infected was greater (p = 0.001), when compared with those less educated. Regarding age groups, people aged 18 to 24 had fewer concerned participants (9.6%), while the number of individuals aged 55 to 64 had the most (p < 0.001). Somewhat surprisingly, perceiving oneself as extremely informed about COVID-19 was not associated with greater vaccine acceptance (OR = 1.534 [1.160−2.029]; (p = 0.003)). Moreover, people aged 25 to 64 years old and with lower education level were more likely not to accept vaccination (OR = 2.799 [1.085−7.221]; (p = 0.033)). Finally, being more concerned about taking a vaccine lowers its acceptance (OR = 4.001 [2.518−6.356]; (p < 0.001)). Cognitive and emotional representations have a great impact and are reliable predictors of vaccine acceptance. Thus, it is of extreme importance that public health messages be adapted to the different characteristics of the population.
Collapse
|
20
|
Hu S, Chen C, Yang B, Liu Q, Hu H. Experience of rehabilitation management in public hospital after it was identified as designated rehabilitation hospital for COVID-19 patients: A qualitative study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:919730. [PMID: 35958844 PMCID: PMC9362772 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.919730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective It is essential to focus on the rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients after discharge to prevent their long-term sequelae, but there is less research on healthcare organizations enhancing rehabilitation services for patients discharged from COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to describe how a public hospital provides better rehabilitation services for patients after being identified as a designated rehabilitation hospital for patients with COVID-19 and attempted to combine the theory of organizational change to analyze how the hospital finally successfully transformed. Methods A tertiary public hospital located in the center of Xi'an was selected for the study. It was identified as a designated hospital for the rehabilitation of patients discharged from the hospital with COVID-19. Nine hospital leaders and group leaders closely related to the rehabilitation management work were invited to participate in interviews to explore the fact about the hospital's rehabilitation work. The semi-structured interview with the hospital director and the focus group interview with group leaders were used for data collection. Two researchers independently conducted a thematic analysis of these responses. Results One hundred and seventy-eight primary codes, 22 subcategories, six main categories, and one core theme were obtained from data analysis. The main categories include organization and coordination (overall deployment, transfer patient, and external coordination), hospital infection prevention and control (process transformation, ward disinfection, hospital infection training, inspection, and supervision), staff management (staff classification, closed-loop management, and staff health screening), individual services for patients (create an individual scheme, humanistic care, organize special activities, and strengthen communication and guidance), comprehensive supporting (basic medical guarantee, daily necessities guarantee, health and nutrition guarantee, and assistance fund guarantee) and positive transformation (strategic thinking, benchmarking, strengthen cohesion, and expand influence). Conclusion The hospital had to transform its operations in the face of a complex environment during the pandemic. After deciding to transform, the hospital effectively prevented nosocomial infections and provided rehabilitation services to 583 patients through systematic management measures such as organizational coordination, staff classification, and personalized services. In the end, it has been successfully transformed and has grown rapidly. To ensure that it can continue to grow sustainably, the hospital enhanced the new ways that have emerged from this transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiao Hu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changfu Chen
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Biwen Yang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Han Hu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jensterle M, Herman R, Janež A, Mahmeed WA, Al-Rasadi K, Al-Alawi K, Banach M, Banerjee Y, Ceriello A, Cesur M, Cosentino F, Galia M, Goh SY, Kalra S, Kempler P, Lessan N, Lotufo P, Papanas N, Rizvi AA, Santos RD, Stoian AP, Toth PP, Viswanathan V, Rizzo M. The Relationship between COVID-19 and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis: A Large Spectrum from Glucocorticoid Insufficiency to Excess—The CAPISCO International Expert Panel. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137326. [PMID: 35806331 PMCID: PMC9266848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly heterogeneous disease regarding severity, vulnerability to infection due to comorbidities, and treatment approaches. The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis has been identified as one of the most critical endocrine targets of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that might significantly impact outcomes after infection. Herein we review the rationale for glucocorticoid use in the setting of COVID-19 and emphasize the need to have a low index of suspicion for glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency, adjusting for the glucocorticoid formulation used, dose, treatment duration, and underlying health problems. We also address several additional mechanisms that may cause HPA axis dysfunction, including critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency, the direct cytopathic impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the adrenals, pituitary, and hypothalamus, immune-mediated inflammations, small vessel vasculitis, microthrombotic events, the resistance of cortisol receptors, and impaired post-receptor signaling, as well as the dissociation of ACTH and cortisol regulation. We also discuss the increased risk of infection and more severe illness in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing disorders of the HPA axis, from insufficiency to excess. These insights into the complex regulation of the HPA axis reveal how well the body performs in its adaptive survival mechanism during a severe infection, such as SARS-CoV-2, and how many parameters might disbalance the outcomes of this adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Jensterle
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.J.); (R.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Herman
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.J.); (R.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Janež
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.J.); (R.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-522-35-64
| | - Wael Al Mahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112412, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- Medical Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 113, Oman;
| | - Kamila Al-Alawi
- Department of Training and Studies, Royal Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat 113, Oman;
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
- Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Yajnavalka Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Mohamed Bin Rashid University, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates;
| | | | - Mustafa Cesur
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Ankara Güven Hospital, 06540 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, University of Stockholm, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Massimo Galia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bind), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Su-Yen Goh
- Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore;
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital & BRIDE, Karnal 132001, India;
| | - Peter Kempler
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Nader Lessan
- The Research Institute, Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 48338, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Paulo Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil;
| | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Diabetes Center, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece;
| | - Ali A. Rizvi
- Department of Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
| | - Raul D. Santos
- The Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School Hospital, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil;
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Anca P. Stoian
- Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Peter P. Toth
- Cicarrone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Peng Y, Wang S, Chai R, Chen Y, Li N, Zeng B, Tang Q, Zheng K, Liang Y, Xie S, Huang W, Wang S, Wang X. Clinical and Gene Features of SARS-CoV-2-Positive Recurrence in Patients Recovered From COVID-19. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:875418. [PMID: 35755819 PMCID: PMC9217101 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.875418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There are still frequent reports that a number of recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients following discharge have re-detectable positive (RP) results by RT-PCR. Understanding the clinical and molecular characteristics of RP patients may have implications for curbing the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, 318 COVID-19 convalescent patients, including 59 RP patients and 259 non-RP (NRP) patients, were enrolled. Among RP patients, women accounted for a significantly high proportion (67.8%), and the titers of IgG and IgM antibodies in this group were also significantly high. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 692 upregulated and 383 downregulated genes, overlapped in two public GEO datasets containing RP and NRP blood cell samples. Enrichment analysis indicated that these DEGs were related to several key signaling pathways, such as viral infection, immune activation, and inflammatory responses. Importantly, 59 indicator genes constituting the core network exhibited high diagnostic values and were correlated with markers of different immune cells. Among these, 12 drug-related genes were associated with the RP results. Our work suggests that, in addition to clinically available features, blood cell transcriptome sequencing can be performed to obtain gene signatures for diagnosis of RP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hubei Province Corps Hospital of The Chinese Armed Police Force (CAPF), Wuhan, China
| | - Ruihuan Chai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Boning Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Youfang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shouxia Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Bacteriology and Antibacterial Resistance Surveillance Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaoxiang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Johnson TO, Adegboyega AE, Ojo OA, Yusuf AJ, Iwaloye O, Ugwah-Oguejiofor CJ, Asomadu RO, Chukwuma IF, Ejembi SA, Ugwuja EI, Alotaibi SS, Albogami SM, Batiha GES, Rajab BS, Conte-Junior CA. A Computational Approach to Elucidate the Interactions of Chemicals From Artemisia annua Targeted Toward SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition for COVID-19 Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:907583. [PMID: 35783612 PMCID: PMC9240657 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.907583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory potential of Artemisia annua, a well-known antimalarial herb, against several viruses, including the coronavirus, is increasingly gaining recognition. The plant extract has shown significant activity against both the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the novel SARS-CoV-2 that is currently ravaging the world. It is therefore necessary to evaluate individual chemicals of the plant for inhibitory potential against SARS-CoV-2 for the purpose of designing drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. In this study, we employed computational techniques comprising molecular docking, binding free energy calculations, pharmacophore modeling, induced-fit docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and ADMET predictions to identify potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) from 168 bioactive compounds of Artemisia annua. Rhamnocitrin, isokaempferide, kaempferol, quercimeritrin, apigenin, penduletin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, luteolin-7-glucoside, and isorhamnetin were ranked the highest, with docking scores ranging from −7.84 to −7.15 kcal/mol compared with the −6.59 kcal/mol demonstrated by the standard ligand. Rhamnocitrin, Isokaempferide, and kaempferol, like the standard ligand, interacted with important active site amino acid residues like HIS 41, CYS 145, ASN 142, and GLU 166, among others. Rhamnocitrin demonstrated good stability in the active site of the protein as there were no significant conformational changes during the simulation process. These compounds also possess acceptable druglike properties and a good safety profile. Hence, they could be considered for experimental studies and further development of drugs against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Jaris Computational Biology Centre, Jos, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: Titilayo Omolara Johnson
| | - Abayomi Emmanuel Adegboyega
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Jaris Computational Biology Centre, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Amina Jega Yusuf
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Chinenye Jane Ugwah-Oguejiofor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | - Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Adakole Ejembi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Ike Ugwuja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M. Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fernández Ibáñez JM, Morales Ballesteros MDC, Fernández Anguita MJ, Galindo Andúgar MÁ, Arias Arias Á, Barberá-Farré JR. Influence of influenza vaccine and comorbidity on the evolution of hospitalized COVID-19 patients⋆. MEDICINA CLÍNICA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 158:603-607. [PMID: 35637933 PMCID: PMC9132981 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective The COVID-19 coronavirus disease outbreak is evolving around the world. Objective: To evaluate the associations between influenza vaccination and other factors and the risk of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods Retrospective observational study. This study was conducted among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at Hospital La Mancha Centro between March 5 and 25, 2020. Information on influenza vaccination was extracted from electronic medical records. We used a multivariate logistic regression to explore the association between influenza vaccination and mortality from COVID and other risk factors. Results 410 patients were included. Influenza vaccine had no effect among COVID-19 hospitalized patients [OR: 1.55 (95%CI: 0.96–2.48; p = 0.071)]. Increasing hospital mortality was associated with older age [OR: 1.05 (95% CI 1.02–1.07), per year increase; p < 0.001)], Charlson ≥3 [OR: 1.84 (95%CI: 1.07–3.15, p = 0.027)] and heart failure on admission [OR: 6 (IC95%: 1.6–21.7; p = 0.007)]. Conclusions Influenza vaccine had no effect among COVID-19 hospitalized patients. The risk factors identified were older age, higher comorbidity and heart failure on admission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Arias Arias
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Oberemok VV, Andreeva OA, Laikova KV, Novikov IA, Puzanova YV, Kubyshkin AV. Anti-coronavirus vaccines will not accelerate the transition of humanity to a non-pandemic period, but the pandemic will take fewer victims. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:521-536. [PMID: 35397666 PMCID: PMC8994861 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaccination rate worldwide has reached enormous proportions, and it is likely that at least 75% of the world's population will be vaccinated. The controversy is that, while people aged 65 and older suffer a significantly higher mortality rate from COVID-19, plans are being made to vaccinate young people under the age of 20. Equally thorny is the question of vaccinating people who already have antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, as well as B and T memory cells, because they contracted and survived the virus. The possible consequences of large-scale vaccination are difficult to predict, when some people do not have access to the vaccine at all and others have already received 3 doses of the vaccine. SARS-CoV-2 will circulate through the human population forever and continue to mutate, as viruses do. Therefore, in the coming years, the need to develop and use effective vaccines and medicines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 will remain urgent in view of the high mortality rate from this disease. To date, three vaccine platforms have been most used: adenoviral vector, inactivated, and mRNA. There is some concern about the side effects that occur after vaccination. Whether modern anti-coronavirus vaccines can raise the safety threshold, only time will answer. It is obvious that the pandemic will end, but the virus will remain in the human population, leaving behind invaluable experience and tens of millions of victims. This article is based on search retrieves in research articles devoted to COVID-19 mainly published in 2020-2021 and examines the possible consequences of the worldwide vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and suggests that, while anti-coronavirus vaccines will not magically transport humanity to a non-pandemic world, they may greatly reduce the number of victims of the pandemic and help us learn how to live with COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V V Oberemok
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea.
- Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea.
| | - O A Andreeva
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
- Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
| | - K V Laikova
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
- Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
| | - I A Novikov
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
| | - Y V Puzanova
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnologies, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
- Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
| | - A V Kubyshkin
- Department of DNA Technologies of Engineering Center, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Luo W, Ding R, Guo X, Zhan T, Tang T, Fan R, Wang Y. Clinical data mining reveals Gancao-Banxia as a potential herbal pair against moderate COVID-19 by dual binding to IL-6/STAT3. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105457. [PMID: 35366469 PMCID: PMC8957363 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) keeps spreading globally. Chinese medicine (CM) exerts a critical role for the prevention or therapy of COVID-19 in an integrative and holistic way. However, mining and development of early, efficient, multisite binding CMs that inhibit the cytokine storm are imminent. METHODS The formulae were extracted retrospectively from clinical records in Hunan Province. Clinical data mining analysis and association rule analysis were employed for mining the high-frequency herbal pairs and groups from formulae. Network pharmacology methods were applied to initially explore the most critical pair's hub targets, active ingredients, and potential mechanisms. The binding power of active ingredients to the hub targets was verified by molecular docking. RESULTS Eight hundred sixty-two prescriptions were obtained from 320 moderate COVID-19 through the Hunan Provincial Health Commission. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia) were used with the highest frequency and support. There were 49 potential genes associated with Gancao-Banxia pair against moderate COVID-19 patients. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that Gancao-Banxia might act via inflammatory response, viral defense, and immune responses signaling pathways. IL-6 and STAT3 were the two most hub targets in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The binding of five active ingredients originated from Gancao-Banxia to IL-6-STAT3 was verified by molecular docking, namely quercetin, coniferin, licochalcone a, Licoagrocarpin and (3S,6S)-3-(benzyl)-6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)piperazine-2,5-quinone, maximizing therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This work provided some potential candidate Chinese medicine formulas for moderate COVID-19. Among them, Gancao-Banxia was considered the most potential herbal pair. Bioinformatic data demonstrated that Gancao-Banxia pair may achieve dual inhibition of IL-6-STAT3 via directly interacting with IL-6 and STAT3, suppressing the IL-6 amplifier. SARS-CoV-2 models will be needed to validate this possibility in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Luo
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Ruoqi Ding
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Xiaohang Guo
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Tao Zhan
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410005, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Rong Fan
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,Corresponding author. Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,Corresponding author. Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zambalde ÉP, Pavan ICB, Mancini MCS, Severino MB, Scudero OB, Morelli AP, Amorim MR, Bispo-dos-Santos K, Góis MM, Toledo-Teixeira DA, Parise PL, Mauad T, Dolhnikoff M, Saldiva PHN, Marques-Souza H, Proenca-Modena JL, Ventura AM, Simabuco FM. Characterization of the Interaction Between SARS-CoV-2 Membrane Protein (M) and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:849017. [PMID: 35677658 PMCID: PMC9168989 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.849017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging virus from the Coronaviridae family and is responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we explored the previously reported SARS-CoV-2 structural membrane protein (M) interaction with human Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA). The M protein is responsible for maintaining virion shape, and PCNA is a marker of DNA damage which is essential for DNA replication and repair. We validated the M-PCNA interaction through immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence co-localization, and PLA (Proximity Ligation Assay). In cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 or transfected with M protein, using immunofluorescence and cell fractioning, we documented a reallocation of PCNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and the increase of PCNA and γH2AX (another DNA damage marker) expression. We also observed an increase in PCNA and γH2AX expression in the lung of a COVID-19 patient by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the inhibition of PCNA translocation by PCNA I1 and Verdinexor led to a reduction of plaque formation in an in vitro assay. We, therefore, propose that the transport of PCNA to the cytoplasm and its association with M could be a virus strategy to manipulate cell functions and may be considered a target for COVID-19 therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Érika Pereira Zambalde
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan
- Laboratory of Signaling Mechanisms, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camargo Silva Mancini
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Matheus Brandemarte Severino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Orlando Bonito Scudero
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Morelli
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Mariene Ribeiro Amorim
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Bispo-dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Marcela Góis
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. Toledo-Teixeira
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pierina Lorencini Parise
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- São Paulo University Medical School, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- São Paulo University Medical School, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Luiz Proenca-Modena
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses (LEVE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
- Hub of Global Health (HGH), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Armando Morais Ventura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Limeira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Singh B, Eshaghian E, Chuang J, Covasa M. Do Diet and Dietary Supplements Mitigate Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091909. [PMID: 35565876 PMCID: PMC9104892 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a pandemic and upheaval that health authorities and citizens around the globe are still grappling with to this day. While public health measures, vaccine development, and new therapeutics have made great strides in understanding and managing the pandemic, there has been an increasing focus on the potential roles of diet and supplementation in disease prevention and adjuvant treatment. In the literature, the impact of nutrition on other respiratory illnesses, including the common cold, pneumonia, and influenza, has been widely demonstrated in both animal and human models. However, there is much less research on the impact related to COVID-19. The present study discusses the potential uses of diets, vitamins, and supplements, including the Mediterranean diet, glutathione, zinc, and traditional Chinese medicine, in the prevention of infection and severe illness. The evidence demonstrating the efficacy of diet supplementation on infection risk, disease duration, severity, and recovery is mixed and inconsistent. More clinical trials are necessary in order to clearly demonstrate the contribution of nutrition and to guide potential therapeutic protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavdeep Singh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (B.S.); (E.E.); (J.C.)
| | - Eli Eshaghian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (B.S.); (E.E.); (J.C.)
| | - Judith Chuang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (B.S.); (E.E.); (J.C.)
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (B.S.); (E.E.); (J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Suceava, 7200229 Suceava, Romania
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Panahi Y, Dadkhah M, Talei S, Gharari Z, Asghariazar V, Abdolmaleki A, Matin S, Molaei S. Can anti-parasitic drugs help control COVID-19? Future Virol 2022. [PMID: 35359702 PMCID: PMC8940209 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel COVID-19 is a public health emergency that poses a serious threat to people worldwide. Given the virus spreading so quickly, novel antiviral medications are desperately needed. Repurposing existing drugs is the first strategy. Anti-parasitic drugs were among the first to be considered as a potential treatment option for this disease. Even though many papers have discussed the efficacy of various anti-parasitic drugs in treating COVID-19 separately, so far, no single study comprehensively discussed these drugs. This study reviews some anti-parasitic recommended drugs to treat COVID-19, in terms of function and in vitro as well as clinical results. Finally, we briefly review the advanced techniques, such as artificial intelligence, that have been used to find effective drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Panahi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Gharari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Asghariazar
- Deputy of Research & Technology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran.,Bio Science & Biotechnology Research center (BBRC), Sabalan University of Advanced Technologies (SUAT), Namin, Iran
| | - Somayeh Matin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Soheila Molaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.,Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Y, Cao L, Li G, Cong F, Li Y, Sun J, Luo Y, Chen G, Li G, Wang P, Xing F, Ji Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Guo D, Zhang X. Remdesivir Metabolite GS-441524 Effectively Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Mouse Models. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2785-2793. [PMID: 33523654 PMCID: PMC7875336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic due to the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At the time of this manuscript's publication, remdesivir is the only COVID-19 treatment approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. However, its effectiveness is still under question due to the results of the large Solidarity Trial conducted by the World Health Organization. Herein, we report that the parent nucleoside of remdesivir, GS-441524, potently inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 and other cell lines. Challenge studies in both an AAV-hACE2 mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 and in mice infected with murine hepatitis virus, a closely related coronavirus, showed that GS-441524 was highly efficacious in reducing the viral titers in CoV-infected organs without notable toxicity. Our results support that GS-441524 is a promising and inexpensive drug candidate for treating of COVID-19 and other CoV diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small
Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Southern University of Science and
Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055,
China
- Medi-X, Academy for Advanced
Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science
and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055,
China
| | - Liu Cao
- Centre for Infection and Immunity
Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107,
China
| | - Ge Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of
Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals
Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663,
China
| | - Feng Cong
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of
Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals
Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663,
China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of
Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals
Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663,
China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory
Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,
Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First
Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182,
China
| | - Yinzhu Luo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of
Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals
Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663,
China
| | - Guijiang Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of
Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals
Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663,
China
| | - Guanguan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small
Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Southern University of Science and
Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055,
China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small
Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Southern University of Science and
Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055,
China
| | - Fan Xing
- Centre for Infection and Immunity
Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107,
China
| | - Yanxi Ji
- Centre for Infection and Immunity
Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107,
China
| | - Jincun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory
Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,
Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First
Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182,
China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of
Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals
Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663,
China
| | - Deyin Guo
- Centre for Infection and Immunity
Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107,
China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small
Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Southern University of Science and
Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055,
China
- Medi-X, Academy for Advanced
Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science
and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055,
China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Biswas M, Sawajan N, Rungrotmongkol T, Sanachai K, Ershadian M, Sukasem C. Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Approaches for the Improvement of COVID-19 Therapies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:835136. [PMID: 35250581 PMCID: PMC8894812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.835136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many drugs are being administered to tackle coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic situations without establishing clinical effectiveness or tailoring safety. A repurposing strategy might be more effective and successful if pharmacogenetic interventions are being considered in future clinical studies/trials. Although it is very unlikely that there are almost no pharmacogenetic data for COVID-19 drugs, however, from inferring the pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic(PD) properties and some pharmacogenetic evidence in other diseases/clinical conditions, it is highly likely that pharmacogenetic associations are also feasible in at least some COVID-19 drugs. We strongly mandate to undertake a pharmacogenetic assessment for at least these drug–gene pairs (atazanavir–UGT1A1, ABCB1, SLCO1B1, APOA5; efavirenz–CYP2B6; nevirapine–HLA, CYP2B6, ABCB1; lopinavir–SLCO1B3, ABCC2; ribavirin–SLC28A2; tocilizumab–FCGR3A; ivermectin–ABCB1; oseltamivir–CES1, ABCB1; clopidogrel–CYP2C19, ABCB1, warfarin–CYP2C9, VKORC1; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)–CYP2C9) in COVID-19 patients for advancing precision medicine. Molecular docking and computational studies are promising to achieve new therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The current situation in the discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents at four important targets from in silico studies has been described and summarized in this review. Although natural occurring compounds from different herbs against SARS-CoV-2 infection are favorable, however, accurate experimental investigation of these compounds is warranted to provide insightful information. Moreover, clinical considerations of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) and drug–herb interactions (DHIs) of the existing repurposed drugs along with pharmacogenetic (e.g., efavirenz and CYP2B6) and herbogenetic (e.g., andrographolide and CYP2C9) interventions, collectively called multifactorial drug–gene interactions (DGIs), may further accelerate the development of precision COVID-19 therapies in the real-world clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohitosh Biswas
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Nares Sawajan
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamonpan Sanachai
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maliheh Ershadian
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chonlaphat Sukasem
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, The Preventive Genomics and Family Check-up Services Center, Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Chonlaphat Sukasem,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yasri S, Wiwanitki V. Molnupiravir, favipiravir and other antiviral drugs with proposed potentials for management of COVID-19: a concern on antioxidant aspect. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 13:1-4. [PMID: 35295914 PMCID: PMC8918555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an important global public health problem that causes millions of infections worldwide. The specific antiviral drug for this new infection is still under research. Some new antiviral drugs, including molnupiravir and favipiravir, are proposed for usefulness in management of COVID-19. Additionally, some classic antiviral drugs used for other viral infections are also reproposed for the potentials for management of COVID-19. In the management of COVID-19, there are several pharmacological actions. An important consideration in antiviral therapy is the management of oxidative stress, which plays important roles in viral infections including to COVID-19. The analysis of antioxidative properties of alternative drugs for management of COVID-19 is interesting and can give basic data for further new antiviral drug researching. Here, the authors perform a molecular analysis on molnupiravir, favipiravir and other antiviral drugs with proposed potentials for management of COVID-19 to determine their antioxidative properties. Data from electron acceptor and donor calculation for each drug is used for further estimating overall antioxidative characteristic. Based on the present study, all studied drugs have overall antioxidative properties. Hence, the advantage of molnupiravir, favipiravir and other antiviral drugs with proposed potentials for the management of COVID-19 is their direct action on viral molecule via binding-blocking process as well as antixodiative process. For management of COVID-19 antioxidative stress, other non-antiviral drugs that are proposed for clinical advantage might also be useful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitki
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr DY Patil UniversityPune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li X, Zhang Y, He L, Si J, Qiu S, He Y, Wei J, Wang Z, Xie L, Li Y, Teng T. Immune response and potential therapeutic strategies for the SARS-CoV-2 associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:1865-1877. [PMID: 35342348 PMCID: PMC8935217 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.66369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following onset of the first recorded case of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, more than 269 million cases and over 5.3 million deaths have been confirmed worldwide. COVID-19 is a highly infectious pneumonia, caused by a novel virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, it poses a severe threat to human health across the globe, a trend that is likely to persist in the foreseeable future. This paper reviews SARS-CoV-2 immunity, the latest development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs as well as exploring in detail, immune escape induced by SARS-CoV-2. We expect that the findings will provide a basis for COVID-19 prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Li
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yabo Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Libing He
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jiangzhe Si
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yuhua He
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jiacun Wei
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Longxiang Xie
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: E-mail: ; Tel.: +86-0371-22892865
| | - Yanzhang Li
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: E-mail: ; Tel.: +86-0371-22892865
| | - Tieshan Teng
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: E-mail: ; Tel.: +86-0371-22892865
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The “Invisible Enemy” SARS-CoV-2: Viral Spread and Drug Treatment. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020261. [PMID: 35208584 PMCID: PMC8875987 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become the main subject of the scientific medical world and all World Organizations, causing millions of deaths worldwide. In this review, we have highlighted the context of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, how the virus spreads, the symptoms and complications that may occur, and, especially, the drug treatment of viral infection, with emphasis on monoclonal antibodies. While well-known strains such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and, especially, Delta have shown an accelerated transmission among the population, the new Omicron variant (discovered on 24 November 2021) indicates more significant infectiousness and the poor efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy due to mutations on the spike protein receptor-binding domain. With these discoveries, the experiments began, the first being in silico and in vitro, but these are not enough, and in vivo experiments are needed to see exactly the cause of neutralization of the action of these drugs. Following the documentation of the latest medical and scientific research, it has been concluded that there are many chemical molecules that have the potential to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection, but more detailed clinical trials are needed for their use in therapy. In addition, it is important to consider the structure of the viral strain in the administration of treatment.
Collapse
|
35
|
Shirazi FM, Mirzaei R, Nakhaee S, Nejatian A, Ghafari S, Mehrpour O. Repurposing the drug, ivermectin, in COVID-19: toxicological points of view. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:21. [PMID: 35123559 PMCID: PMC8817475 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world’s population by causing changes in behavior, such as social distancing, masking, restricting people’s movement, and evaluating existing medication as potential therapies. Many pre-existing medications such as tocilizumab, ivermectin, colchicine, interferon, and steroids have been evaluated for being repurposed to use for the treatment of COVID-19. None of these agents have been effective except for steroids and, to a lesser degree, tocilizumab. Ivermectin has been one of the suggested repurposed medications which exhibit an in vitro inhibitory activity on SARS-CoV-2 replication. The most recommended dose of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19 is 150–200 µg/kg twice daily. As ivermectin adoption for COVID-19 increased, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning on its use during the pandemic. However, the drug remains of interest to clinicians and has shown some promise in observational studies. This narrative reviews the toxicological profile and some potential therapeutic effects of ivermectin. Based on the current dose recommendation, ivermectin appears to be safe with minimum side effects. However, serious questions remain about the effectiveness of this drug in the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang M, Yin Z, Zhang W, Jia X, Du S, Li J, Zhang X. Exploring the Pharmaceutical Care of Pharmacists in China During COVID-19—A National Multicenter Qualitative Study. Front Public Health 2022; 9:797070. [PMID: 35155350 PMCID: PMC8829323 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.797070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmacists are one of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) treatment team members in China, yet only a few single-center studies have described the work experience of pharmacists during the pandemic. Purpose This study aimed to explore in-depth experiences of hospital pharmacists providing pharmacy services during the COVID-19 pandemic in China on a national scale. Methods This is a nationwide multicenter qualitative study that used the purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 pharmacists from large-scale tertiary hospitals in representative provinces of mainland China. The Colaizzi seven-step method was applied to analyze the interview data. Results Eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted. Each interview lasted 25–70 min. By analyzing the work experiences of pharmacists in COVID-19 designated treatment hospitals, five descriptive themes were categorized: (1) drug supply service; (2) routine clinical pharmacy services; (3) expanded pharmacy services during the epidemic; (4) drug management loopholes; (5) areas of improvements of pharmacy services during a pandemic. Conclusion During the COVID-19 epidemic, Chinese hospital pharmacists played various vital roles. However, there were loopholes in managing narcotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, and donated drugs. The study uncovered areas of improvement in pharmacy services during the pandemic. The emergency response capacity of hospital pharmacists should be continuously improved in the future.
Collapse
|
37
|
Mukattash TL, Alkhalidy H, Alzu'bi B, Abu-Farha R, Itani R, Karout S, Khojah HMJ, Khdour M, El-Dahiyat F, Jarab A. Dietary supplements intake during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational Middle Eastern study. Eur J Integr Med 2022; 49:102102. [PMID: 35039757 PMCID: PMC8754456 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Despite the controversy about the benefits of dietary supplements in treating or preventing COVID-19, their use has increased worldwide even with the introduction of relevant vaccines. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the perception of the Middle Eastern Arab public of dietary supplements as prophylactic or therapeutic agents against COVID-19, and their consumption during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A validated, pilot tested online survey was distributed through social networking platforms in Lebanon, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Jordan, and the United Arab Emirates. Responses underwent various statistical analyses. Results A total of 2,100 responses were included. Around 44% of participants reported changes in their dietary behavior during COVID-19, and 70% believed that healthy habits may prevent the infection. Moreover, 21% believed that dietary supplements surely protect against COVID-19 and 45% thought they aid in treating it. Users of supplements during the second wave of the pandemic counted for 47%, who declared they were influenced by the media, healthcare providers, or close contacts. Most used supplements included Vitamins C and D and zinc. Only 34% of participants read supplement leaflets. The use of supplements was significantly correlated with being female and exercising, as revealed by the odds ratio and logistic regression analysis. Conclusions In line with other areas of the world, the use of dietary supplements in the Middle East against COVID-19 is not evidence-based. Competent health authorities should play their role in spreading sound awareness among the public regarding this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Buthaina Alzu'bi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box: 30051, 41477, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Khdour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Faris El-Dahiyat
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, P. O. Box 64141, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anan Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Risk Factors for Severity and Mortality in Adult Patients Confirmed with COVID-19 in Sierra Leone: A Retrospective Study. INFECTIOUS DISEASES & IMMUNITY 2022. [PMID: 37521952 PMCID: PMC9112504 DOI: 10.1097/id9.0000000000000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease. There is no recommended antiviral treatment approved for COVID-19 in Sierra Leone, and supportive care and protection of vital organ function are performed for the patients. This study summarized the clinical characteristics, drug treatments, and risk factors for the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 in Sierra Leone to provide evidence for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: Data of 180 adult COVID-19 patients from the 34th Military Hospital in Freetown Sierra Leone between March 31, 2020 and August 11, 2020 were retrospectively collected. Patients with severe and critically ill are classified in the severe group, while patients that presented asymptomatic, mild, and moderate disease were grouped in the non-severe group. The clinical and laboratory information was retrospectively collected to assess the risk factors and treatment strategies for severe COVID-19. Demographic information, travel history, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory detection results, chest examination findings, therapeutics, and clinical outcomes were collected from each case file. Multivariate logistic analysis was adopted to identify the risk factors for deaths. Additionally, the clinical efficacy of dexamethasone treatment was investigated. Results: Seventy-six (42.22%) cases were confirmed with severe COVID-19, while 104 patients (57.78%) were divided into the non-severe group. Fever (56.67%, 102/180) and cough (50.00%, 90/180) were the common symptoms of COVID-19. The death rate was 18.89% (34/180), and severe pneumonia (44.12%, 15/34) and septic shock (23.53%, 8/34) represented the leading reasons for deaths. The older age population, a combination of hypertension and diabetes, the presence of pneumonia, and high levels of inflammatory markers were significantly associated with severity of COVID-19 development (P < 0.05 for all). Altered level of consciousness [odds ratio (OR) = 56.574, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.645–566.940, P = 0.001], high levels of neutrophils (OR = 1.341, 95%CI 1.109–1.621, P = 0.002) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 1.014, 95%CI 1.003–1.025, P = 0.016) might be indicators for COVID-19 deaths. Dexamethasone treatment could reduce mortality [30.36% (17/56) vs. 50.00% (10/20)] among severe COVID-19 cases, but the results were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The development and prognosis of COVID-19 may be significantly correlated with consciousness status, and the levels of neutrophils and CRP.
Collapse
|
39
|
Zimmermann J, Glueck OM, Fertmann JM, Sienel WG, Yavuz G, Damirov F, Kovács JR, Tufman A, Irlbeck M, Kneidinger N, Michel S, Kauke T, Hatz RA, Schneider CP. COVID-19 in recent lung transplant recipients: clinical outcomes and management strategies. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:1504-1516. [PMID: 35120764 PMCID: PMC8743506 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 causes a wide range of symptoms, with particularly high risk of severe respiratory failure and death in patients with predisposing risk factors such as advanced age or obesity. Recipients of solid organ transplants, and in particular lung transplantation, are more susceptible to viral infection owing to immune suppressive medication. As little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients, this study was undertaken to describe outcomes and potential management strategies in early COVID-19 infection early after lung transplantation. Methods We describe the incidence and outcome of COVID-19 in a cohort of recent lung transplant recipients in Munich. Six of 186 patients who underwent lung transplantation in the period between March 2019 and March 2021 developed COVID-19 within the first year after transplantation. We documented the clinical course and laboratory changes for all patients showing differences in the severity of the infection with COVID-19 and their outcomes. Results Three of 6 SARS-CoV-2 infections were hospital-acquired and the patients were still in inpatient treatment after lung transplantation. All patients suffered from symptoms. One patient did not receive antiviral therapy. Remdesivir was prescribed in 4 patients and the remaining patient received remdesivir, bamlanivimab and convalescent plasma. Conclusions COVID-19 does not appear to cause milder disease in lung transplant recipients compared with the general population. Immunosuppression is potentially responsible for the delayed formation of antibodies and their premature loss. Several comorbidities and a general poor preoperative condition showed an extended hospital stay.
Collapse
|
40
|
Aleyeidi NA, Alqahtani RS, Alotaibi HF, Alotaibi AH, Alotaibi KM, Alnofiey RM. Exploring the Impact of the COVID-19 Quarantine on the Severity of Headache, Migraine, and Stress in Saudi Arabia. J Pain Res 2021; 14:3827-3835. [PMID: 34934356 PMCID: PMC8684435 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s332886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on the severity of migraine symptoms and stress among adults in Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods Between December 2020 and February 2021, 1212 participants aged 18–65 years completed an online self-administered questionnaire that covered sociodemographic data, self-administered questions, the ID migraine screener, numeric pain rating scale, and the perceived stress scale. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Student’s t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of variance were used to compare quantitative variables, while the chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables. Results After removing ineligible and incomplete responses, we analyzed data obtained from 1111 participants. The mean age of the participants was approximately 29 years old (± 11.2 years); moreover, 87% were females. Headache severity during the COVID-19 quarantine was significantly lower than that during the last 3 months, with a difference of only 0.41 on the 1–10 pain severity scale. There was a significantly increased stress prevalence during the COVID-19 quarantine. During the COVID-19 quarantine, 49%, 56%, and 62% of patients without migraine, patients with possible migraine, and patients with diagnosed migraine, respectively, reported worsening of their perceived stress. There was a weak positive correlation between the severity of migraine symptoms and stress during COVID-19 quarantine. Moreover, headache severity was positively affected by the history of COVID-19 infections. Conclusion The headache severity in patients with migraine decreased during COVID-19 quarantine compared with that during the last 3 months. Additionally, patients with diagnosed migraine had significantly higher scores on the perceived stress scale than patients without migraine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nouran A Aleyeidi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Community Medicine Course, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raneem S Alqahtani
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawazin F Alotaibi
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad H Alotaibi
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Protective Effect of Melatonin Administration against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 44:31-45. [PMID: 35723382 PMCID: PMC8929125 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: according to the World Health Organization (WHO), COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for an increasing number of cases and deaths. From a preventive and therapeutic point of view, there are two concerns that affect institutions and healthcare professionals: global immunization (which is still far from being achieved) and the availability of drugs capable of preventing its consequences in the infected patient. In this sense, the role that melatonin can play is has been assessed in the recent literature. Justification and Objectives: the serious health, social and economic consequences of COVID-19 have forced an urgent search for preventive methods, such as vaccines, among others, and therapeutic methods that could be alternatives to the drugs currently used. In this sense, it must be accepted that one of the most recommended has been the administration of melatonin. The present study proposes to carry out a systematic review of its possible role in the treatment and/or prevention of COVID-19. Material and methods: a systematic review of the literature related to the prevention of COVID-19 through the administration of melatonin was carried out, following the sequence proposed by the Prisma Declaration regarding the identification and selection of documents, using the specialized health databases Trip Medical Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline Plus, BVS, Cuiden and generic databases such as Dialnet, Web of Science and Google Scholar for their retrieval. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria are described for the articles assessed. The main limitation of the study has been the scarcity of works and the lack of defining a specific protocol in terms of dosage and administration schedule. Results: once the selection process was completed, and after an in-depth critical analysis, 197 papers were selected, and 40 of them were finally used. The most relevant results were: (1) melatonin prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection, (2) although much remains to be clarified, at high doses, it seems to have a coadjuvant therapeutic effect in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and (3) melatonin is effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Discussion: until group immunization is achieved in the population, it seems clear that we must continue to treat patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and, in the absence of a specific and effective antiviral therapy, it is advisable to continue researching and providing drugs that demonstrate validity based on the scientific evidence. In this regard, we believe that the available studies recommend the administration of melatonin for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, sleep-inducing, CD147, Mpro, p65 and MMP9 protein suppressing, nephrotoxicity-reducing and highly effective and safe effects. Conclusions: (1) melatonin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and Mpro and MMP9 protein-inhibitory activity. (2) It has been shown to have a wide margin of safety. (3) The contributions reviewed make it an effective therapeutic alternative in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (4) Further clinical trials are recommended to clearly define the administration protocol.
Collapse
|
42
|
Şahin D, Tanaçan A, Webster SN, Moraloğlu Tekin Ö. Pregnancy and COVID-19: prevention, vaccination, therapy, and beyond. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:3312-3326. [PMID: 34536988 PMCID: PMC8771011 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2106-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has alarmed the world since its first emergence. As pregnancy is characterized by significant changes in cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and immunological systems, there are concerns on issues like the course of disease in pregnant women, safety of medications, route of delivery and risk of obstetric complications. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature in the management of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although more than 90% of pregnant women with COVID-19 recover without serious morbidity, rapid deterioration of disease and higher rates of obstetric complications may be observed. The risk of vertical transmission has not been clearly revealed yet. Decreasing the number of prenatal visits, shortening the time allocated for the examinations, active use of telemedicine services, limiting the number of persons in healthcare settings, combining prenatal tests in the same visit, restricting visitors during the visits, providing a safe environment in healthcare facilities, strict hygiene control, and providing personal protective equipment during the visits are the main strategies to control the spread of disease according to current guidelines. Although new medication alternatives are being proposed every day for the treatment of COVID-19, our knowledge about the use of most of these drugs in pregnancy is limited. Preliminary results are promising for the administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the pregnant population. Timing of delivery should be decided based on maternal health condition, accompanying obstetric complications and gestational age. Cesarean delivery should be performed for obstetric indications. Breast feeding should be encouraged as long as necessary precautions for viral transmission are taken. In conclusion, an individualized approach should be provided by a multidisciplinary team for the management of pregnant women with COVID-19 to achieve favorable outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Şahin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanaçan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sophia Ne Webster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospital, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Özlem Moraloğlu Tekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Member of COVID-19 Scientific Advisory Board of Ministry of Health
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Crisan Dabija R, Antohe I, Trofor A, Antoniu SA. Corticosteroids in SARS-COV2 infection: certainties and uncertainties in clinical practice. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 19:1553-1562. [PMID: 34015985 PMCID: PMC8171006 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1933437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SARS-COV-2 pandemic is a worldwide public health problem due to the large medical burden and limited number of therapies available. Corticosteroids have a rather unclear efficacy in viral non-SARS-COV-2 pneumonias and therefore their use is not universally recommended. In SARS-COV-2 pneumonia however, it is expected that they can reduce the deleterious consequences of the virus-related systemic inflammation. AREAS COVERED a MEDLINE search covering the period 1995-2020 was completed to identify relevant papers. SARS-COV-2 pathogenesis is very complex and is represented by the interplay of many cytokine-driven inflammation pathways. Its most severe form so called cytokine storm, is an exaggerate reaction of the host infected by the virus rapidly resulting in multiple organ dysfunction (MODS). Corticosteroids have the potential to blunt the inflammation response in such patients, but their efficacy is not the same for all patients. Further on the certainties and uncertainties regarding the efficacy of this therapy in SARS-COV-2 pneumonia are discussed. EXPERT OPINION In patients with severe SARS-COV-2 pneumonia, corticosteroids can be efficacious, but it is still not clear if they can be safely used in patients with comorbid cardiovascular disease or how the optimal duration of therapy can be established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radu Crisan Dabija
- Faculty of Medicine-Pulmonary Disease, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ileana Antohe
- Faculty of Medicine-Nursing, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa Iasi, Romania
| | - Antigona Trofor
- Faculty of Medicine-Pulmonary Disease, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, Iasi, Romania
| | - Sabina A Antoniu
- Faculty of Medicine-Nursing/Palliative Care, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Aronskyy I, Masoudi-Sobhanzadeh Y, Cappuccio A, Zaslavsky E. Advances in the computational landscape for repurposed drugs against COVID-19. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2800-2815. [PMID: 34339864 PMCID: PMC8323501 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and massive societal distress worldwide. Therapeutic solutions are urgently needed, but de novo drug development remains a lengthy process. One promising alternative is computational drug repurposing, which enables the prioritization of existing compounds through fast in silico analyses. Recent efforts based on molecular docking, machine learning, and network analysis have produced actionable predictions. Some predicted drugs, targeting viral proteins and pathological host pathways are undergoing clinical trials. Here, we review this work, highlight drugs with high predicted efficacy and classify their mechanisms of action. We discuss the strengths and limitations of the published methodologies and outline possible future directions. Finally, we curate a list of COVID-19 data portals and other repositories that could be used to accelerate future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Illya Aronskyy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yosef Masoudi-Sobhanzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Antonio Cappuccio
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA,Corresponding authors
| | - Elena Zaslavsky
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA,Corresponding authors
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hikisz P, Bernasinska-Slomczewska J. Beneficial Properties of Bromelain. Nutrients 2021; 13:4313. [PMID: 34959865 PMCID: PMC8709142 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromelain is a major sulfhydryl proteolytic enzyme found in pineapple plants, having multiple activities in many areas of medicine. Due to its low toxicity, high efficiency, high availability, and relative simplicity of acquisition, it is the object of inexhaustible interest of scientists. This review summarizes scientific reports concerning the possible application of bromelain in treating cardiovascular diseases, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis disorders, infectious diseases, inflammation-associated diseases, and many types of cancer. However, for the proper application of such multi-action activities of bromelain, further exploration of the mechanism of its action is needed. It is supposed that the anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and anti-coagulatory activity of bromelain may become a complementary therapy for COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 patients. During the irrepressible spread of novel variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such beneficial properties of this biomolecule might help prevent escalation and the progression of the COVID-19 disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Hikisz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mahmud MS, Hossain MS, Ahmed ATMF, Islam MZ, Sarker ME, Islam MR. Antimicrobial and Antiviral (SARS-CoV-2) Potential of Cannabinoids and Cannabis sativa: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2021; 26:7216. [PMID: 34885798 PMCID: PMC8658882 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a global health crisis and, therefore, new drug discovery is a paramount need. Cannabis sativa contains hundreds of chemical constituents produced by secondary metabolism, exerting outstanding antimicrobial, antiviral, and therapeutic properties. This paper comprehensively reviews the antimicrobial and antiviral (particularly against SARS-CoV-2) properties of C. sativa with the potential for new antibiotic drug and/or natural antimicrobial agents for industrial or agricultural use, and their therapeutic potential against the newly emerged coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Cannabis compounds have good potential as drug candidates for new antibiotics, even for some of the WHO's current priority list of resistant pathogens. Recent studies revealed that cannabinoids seem to have stable conformations with the binding pocket of the Mpro enzyme of SARS-CoV-2, which has a pivotal role in viral replication and transcription. They are found to be suppressive of viral entry and viral activation by downregulating the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2 enzymes in the host cellular system. The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids as anti-inflammatory compounds is hypothesized for the treatment of COVID-19. However, more systemic investigations are warranted to establish the best efficacy and their toxic effects, followed by preclinical trials on a large number of participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sultan Mahmud
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh; (M.S.M.); (A.T.M.F.A.); (M.Z.I.)
| | - Mohammad Sorowar Hossain
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh;
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - A. T. M. Faiz Ahmed
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh; (M.S.M.); (A.T.M.F.A.); (M.Z.I.)
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh; (M.S.M.); (A.T.M.F.A.); (M.Z.I.)
| | - Md Emdad Sarker
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh; (M.S.M.); (A.T.M.F.A.); (M.Z.I.)
| | - Md Reajul Islam
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh; (M.S.M.); (A.T.M.F.A.); (M.Z.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Banerjee S, Yadav S, Banerjee S, Fakayode SO, Parvathareddy J, Reichard W, Surendranathan S, Mahmud F, Whatcott R, Thammathong J, Meibohm B, Miller DD, Jonsson CB, Dubey KD. Drug Repurposing to Identify Nilotinib as a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitor: Insights from a Computational and In Vitro Study. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:5469-5483. [PMID: 34666487 PMCID: PMC8547516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19, an acute viral pneumonia, has emerged as a devastating pandemic. Drug repurposing allows researchers to find different indications of FDA-approved or investigational drugs. In this current study, a sequence of pharmacophore and molecular modeling-based screening against COVID-19 Mpro (PDB: 6LU7) suggested a subset of drugs, from the Drug Bank database, which may have antiviral activity. A total of 44 out of 8823 of the most promising virtual hits from the Drug Bank were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation experiments to explore the strength of their interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro active site. MD findings point toward three drugs (DB04020, DB12411, and DB11779) with very low relative free energies for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro with interactions at His41 and Met49. MD simulations identified an additional interaction with Glu166, which enhanced the binding affinity significantly. Therefore, Glu166 could be an interesting target for structure-based drug design. Quantitative structural-activity relationship analysis was performed on the 44 most promising hits from molecular docking-based virtual screening. Partial least square regression accurately predicted the values of independent drug candidates' binding energy with impressively high accuracy. Finally, the EC50 and CC50 of 10 drug candidates were measured against SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture. Nilotinib and bemcentinib had EC50 values of 2.6 and 1.1 μM, respectively. In summary, the results of our computer-aided drug design provide a roadmap for rational drug design of Mpro inhibitors and the discovery of certified medications as COVID-19 antiviral therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Banerjee
- Department of Physical Sciences,
University of Arkansas Fort Smith, 5210 Grand Avenue, Fort
Smith, Arkansas 72904, United States
| | - Shalini Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar
University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314,
India
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied
Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126,
India
| | - Sayo O. Fakayode
- Department of Physical Sciences,
University of Arkansas Fort Smith, 5210 Grand Avenue, Fort
Smith, Arkansas 72904, United States
| | - Jyothi Parvathareddy
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory,
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 901 Monroe
Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Walter Reichard
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and
Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Surekha Surendranathan
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory,
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 901 Monroe
Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Foyez Mahmud
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice
University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United
States
| | - Ryan Whatcott
- Department of Physical Sciences,
University of Arkansas Fort Smith, 5210 Grand Avenue, Fort
Smith, Arkansas 72904, United States
| | - Joshua Thammathong
- Department of Physical Sciences,
University of Arkansas Fort Smith, 5210 Grand Avenue, Fort
Smith, Arkansas 72904, United States
| | - Bernd Meibohm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Duane D. Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory,
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 901 Monroe
Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and
Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Kshatresh Dutta Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar
University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314,
India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yan D, Ra OH, Yan B. The nucleoside antiviral prodrug remdesivir in treating COVID-19 and beyond with interspecies significance. ANIMAL DISEASES 2021; 1:15. [PMID: 34778881 PMCID: PMC8422062 DOI: 10.1186/s44149-021-00017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious pandemics result in hundreds and millions of deaths, notable examples of the Spanish Flu, the Black Death and smallpox. The current pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), is unprecedented even in the historical term of pandemics. The unprecedentedness is featured by multiple surges, rapid identification of therapeutic options and accelerated development of vaccines. Remdesivir, originally developed for Ebola viral disease, is the first treatment of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. As demonstrated by in vitro and preclinical studies, this therapeutic agent is highly potent with a broad spectrum activity against viruses from as many as seven families even cross species. However, randomized controlled trials have failed to confirm the efficacy and safety. Remdesivir improves some clinical signs but not critical parameters such as mortality. This antiviral agent is an ester/phosphorylation prodrug and excessive hydrolysis which increases cellular toxicity. Remdesivir is given intravenously, leading to concentration spikes and likely increasing the potential of hydrolysis-based toxicity. This review has proposed a conceptual framework for improving its efficacy and minimizing toxicity not only for the COVID-19 pandemic but also for future ones caused by remdesivir-sensitive viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Yan
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - One Hyuk Ra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fernández Ibáñez JM, Morales Ballesteros MDC, Galindo Andúgar MÁ, Fernández Anguita MJ, Arias Arias Á, Barberá-Farré JR. [Risk factors for mortality in patients over 65 years old hospitalized by COVID-19]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2021; 57:6-12. [PMID: 34924215 PMCID: PMC8585591 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE COVID-19 is a disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has caused a global pandemic that we are currently suffering from. OBJECTIVE to identify factors associated with the death of patients aged 65 years or older hospitalized for COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective cohort study. We included patients aged 65 years or older who were hospitalized for COVID-19 and dead o discharged between March 5 and 25, 2020. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. RESULTS 277 patients were included in this study. The bivariate analysis showed significant differences (p<0.05) between survivors and non survivors: age, increased dependence and comorbidity, history of ischemic heart disease, renal failure and non-hematological neoplasms, heart failure during admission, leukocytosis, elevated creatinine, PCR, GOT and troponin Ic values, lymphopenia, and decreased blood pH and SatO2. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age ≥65 years (OR: 4.23 (95% CI: 1.43-12.52; p=0.009), lymphopenia <1000/μL (OR: 2.36 (95% CI: 1.07-5.20; p=0.033), creatinine>1.2mg/dL (OR: 3.08 (95% CI: 1.37-6.92; p=0.006), SatO2 <90% (OR: 2.29 (95% CI: 1.01-5.21; p=0.049) and troponin Ic>11ng/mL (OR: 2.32 (95% CI: 1.04-5.16; p=0.040) were independently associated with higher hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS Older age, lymphopenia, SatO2 <90%, elevated creatinine and troponin Ic values were independently associated with higher mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, these factors could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Fernández Ibáñez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Sección Geriatría, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, España.
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Arias Arias
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, España
| | - José Ramón Barberá-Farré
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, España
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ali Nasir S, Arif A, Shahid M, Ahmed Y, Riaz B, Sherwani NZF. Acute Limb Ischemia in a Patient With COVID-19 Pneumonia. Cureus 2021; 13:e18574. [PMID: 34760417 PMCID: PMC8571996 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, which is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is known to cause a myriad of complications along with the typical lower respiratory tract involvement. One of the emerging complications is a hypercoagulable state leading to venous or arterial thromboembolism. These complications are more common in those presenting with a severe disease with significantly elevated inflammatory markers. Although co-morbid illnesses play a role in worsening such complications, yet they are not the main determinants as these complications also occur in those without any co-morbid illness. Here, we report a case of a 64-year-old male with severe COVID-19 pneumonia presenting with acute limb ischemia with a non-salvageable limb who required subsequent amputation of the affected limb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anum Arif
- Vascular Surgery, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Mubasshar Shahid
- Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, PAK
| | - Yashfeen Ahmed
- Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Bismah Riaz
- Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | | |
Collapse
|