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Cuny C, Layer-Nicolaou F, Werner G, Witte W. A look at staphylococci from the one health perspective. Int J Med Microbiol 2024; 314:151604. [PMID: 38367509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococcal species are resident and transient multihost colonizers as well as conditional pathogens. Especially S. aureus represents an excellent model bacterium for the "One Health" concept because of its dynamics at the human-animal interface and versatility with respect to host adaptation. The development of antimicrobial resistance plays another integral part. This overview will focus on studies at the human-animal interface with respect to livestock farming and to companion animals, as well as on staphylococci in wildlife. In this context transmissions of staphylococci and of antimicrobial resistance genes between animals and humans are of particular significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Cuny
- Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, National Reference Centre for Staphylococci and Enterococci, Wernigerode Branch, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany.
| | - Franziska Layer-Nicolaou
- Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, National Reference Centre for Staphylococci and Enterococci, Wernigerode Branch, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Guido Werner
- Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, National Reference Centre for Staphylococci and Enterococci, Wernigerode Branch, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany
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Wang Y, Zhang P, Wu J, Chen S, Jin Y, Long J, Duan G, Yang H. Transmission of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus between animals, environment, and humans in the farm. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:86521-86539. [PMID: 37418185 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a fearsome bacterial pathogen that can colonize and infect humans and animals. Depending on the different sources, MRSA is classified as hospital-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (HA-MRSA), community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA), and livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA). LA-MRSA is initially associated with livestock, and clonal complexes (CCs) were almost always 398. However, the continued development of animal husbandry, globalization, and the widespread use of antibiotics have increased the spread of LA-MRSA among humans, livestock, and the environment, and other clonal complexes such as CC9, CC5, and CC8 have gradually emerged in various countries. This may be due to frequent host switching between humans and animals, as well as between animals. Host-switching is typically followed by subsequent adaptation through acquisition and/or loss of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as phages, pathogenicity islands, and plasmids as well as further host-specific mutations allowing it to expand into new host populations. This review aimed to provide an overview of the transmission characteristics of S. aureus in humans, animals, and farm environments, and also to describe the main prevalent clones of LA-MRSA and the changes in MGEs during host switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuefei Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinzhao Long
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Zeggay A, Atchon A, Valot B, Hocquet D, Bertrand X, Bouiller K. Genome Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ST398 Strains Isolated from Patients with Invasive Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1446. [PMID: 37374948 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using genomic data, we determined the origin of MRSA ST398 isolates responsible for invasive infection in patients with no known livestock contact. METHODS We sequenced the genome of seven MSSA and four MRSA ST398 isolates from patients with invasive infections between 2013 and 2017, using the Illumina technique. Prophage-associated virulence genes and resistance genes were identified. To determine the origin of the isolates, their genome sequences were included in phylogenetic analysis also encompassing the ST398 genomes available on NCBI. RESULTS All isolates carried the φSa3 prophage, but with variations in the immune evasion cluster: type C in MRSA isolates, and type B in MSSA isolates. All MSSA belonged to the spa type t1451. MRSA strains had the same SCCmec type IVa (2B) cassette and belonged to spa types t899, t4132, t1939 and t2922. All MRSA harbored the tetracycline resistance gene, tet(M). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MSSA isolates belonged to a cluster of human-associated isolates, while MRSA isolates belonged to a cluster containing livestock-associated MRSA. CONCLUSION We showed that the clinical isolates MRSA and MSSA ST398 have different origins. An acquisition of virulence genes by livestock-associated MRSA isolates allows them to induce an invasive infection in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeljallil Zeggay
- CHU Besançon, Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Alban Atchon
- UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Bioinformatique et Big Data Au Service de La Santé, UFR Santé, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Benoit Valot
- UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Bioinformatique et Big Data Au Service de La Santé, UFR Santé, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Didier Hocquet
- UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Bioinformatique et Big Data Au Service de La Santé, UFR Santé, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- CHU Besançon, Hygiène Hospitalière, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Xavier Bertrand
- UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- CHU Besançon, Hygiène Hospitalière, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Kevin Bouiller
- CHU Besançon, Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, 25000 Besançon, France
- UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
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Lee CY, Chen CJ. Bacteremic necrotizing mediastinitis caused by community-associated clonal complex 398 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a baby aged 4 months. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 129:15-18. [PMID: 36657517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) diseases caused by clonal complex 398 MRSA without animal contact have become a new emerging threat. We report a case of bacteremic mediastinitis caused by a Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive community-associated sequence type 1232 MRSA in a Taiwanese baby aged 4 months without animal contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yi Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Chih Jung Chen
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Effendi MH, Sudjarwo SA, Ramandinianto SC, Widodo A, Riwu KHP, Silaen OSM, Rehman S. A review of new emerging livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pig farms. Vet World 2023; 16:46-58. [PMID: 36855358 PMCID: PMC9967705 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.46-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and is often associated with livestock, known as livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA. Using molecular typing with multi-locus sequence typing, MRSA clones have been classified in pigs, including clonal complex 398. Livestock-associated-methicillin-resistant S. aureus was first discovered in pigs in the Netherlands in 2005. Since then, it has been widely detected in pigs in other countries. Livestock-associated-methicillin-resistant S. aureus can be transmitted from pigs to pigs, pigs to humans (zoonosis), and humans to humans. This transmission is enabled by several risk factors involved in the pig trade, including the use of antibiotics and zinc, the size and type of the herd, and the pig pen management system. Although LA-MRSA has little impact on the pigs' health, it can be transmitted from pig to pig or from pig to human. This is a serious concern as people in direct contact with pigs are highly predisposed to acquiring LA-MRSA infection. The measures to control LA-MRSA spread in pig farms include conducting periodic LA-MRSA screening tests on pigs and avoiding certain antibiotics in pigs. This study aimed to review the emerging LA-MRSA strains in pig farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Rafif Khairullah
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Shendy Canadya Kurniawan
- Master Program of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Specialisation in Molecule, Cell and Organ Functioning, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, Netherlands
| | - Mustofa Helmi Effendi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia,Corresponding author: Mustofa Helmi Effendi, e-mail: Co-authors: ARK: , SCK: , SAS: , SCR: , AW: , KHPR: , OSMS: , SR:
| | - Sri Agus Sudjarwo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Agus Widodo
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Katty Hendriana Priscilia Riwu
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Otto Sahat Martua Silaen
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6 Senen, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Saifur Rehman
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
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van der Mee-Marquet N, Dos Santos S, Diene SM, Duflot I, Mereghetti L, Valentin AS, François P. Strong Biofilm Formation and Low Cloxacillin Susceptibility in Biofilm-Growing CC398 Staphylococcus aureus Responsible for Bacteremia in French Intensive Care Units, 2021. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091857. [PMID: 36144459 PMCID: PMC9504214 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective 3-month study carried out in 267 ICUs revealed an S. aureus nosocomial bacteremia in one admitted patient out of 110 in adult and pediatric sectors, and in one out of 230 newborns; 242 S. aureus bacteremias occurred during the study, including 7.9% MRSA-bacteremias. In one ICU out of ten, the molecular characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and biofilm production of the strains responsible for S. aureus bacteremia were studied. Of the 53 strains studied, 9.4% were MRSA and 52.8% were resistant to erythromycin. MLST showed the predominance of CC398 (37.7% of the strains) followed by CC8 (17.0%), CC45 (13.2%) and CC30 (9.4%). The lukF/S genes were absent from our isolates and tst-1 was found in 9.4% of the strains. Under static conditions and without exposure to glucose, biofilm production was rare (9.4% of the strains, without any CC398). The percentage increased to 62.3% for strains grown in broth supplemented with 1% glucose (including 7 out of 9 CC8 and 17 out of the 20 CC398). Further study of the CC398, including whole genome sequencing, revealed (1) highly frequent patient death within seven days after CC398 bacteremia diagnosis (47.4%), (2) 95.0% of the strains producing biofilm when exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of cloxacillin, (3) a stronger biofilm production following exposure to cloxacillin than that observed in broth supplemented with glucose only (p < 0.001), (4) a high minimum biofilm eradication concentration of cloxacillin (128 mg/L) indicating a low cloxacillin susceptibility of biofilm-growing CC398, (5) 95.0% of the strains carrying a ϕSa-3 like prophage and its particular evasion cluster (i.e., yielding chp and scin genes), and (6) 30.0% of the strains carrying a ϕMR11-like prophage and yielding a higher ability to produce biofilm. Our results provide evidence that active surveillance is required to avoid spreading of this virulent staphylococcal clone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie van der Mee-Marquet
- Centre d’Appui pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins (CPias) de la Région Centre Val de Loire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, 37044 Tours, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandra Dos Santos
- Centre d’Appui pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins (CPias) de la Région Centre Val de Loire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Seydina M. Diene
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Duflot
- Centre d’Appui pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins (CPias) de la Région Centre Val de Loire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Laurent Mereghetti
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie et Hygiène, Hôpital Trousseau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Valentin
- Centre d’Appui pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins (CPias) de la Région Centre Val de Loire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Patrice François
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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