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Gurunathan S, Thangaraj P, Kim JH. Postbiotics: Functional Food Materials and Therapeutic Agents for Cancer, Diabetes, and Inflammatory Diseases. Foods 2023; 13:89. [PMID: 38201117 PMCID: PMC10778838 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are (i) "soluble factors secreted by live bacteria, or released after bacterial lysis, such as enzymes, peptides, teichoic acids, peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides, polysaccharides, cell-surface proteins and organic acids"; (ii) "non-viable metabolites produced by microorganisms that exert biological effects on the hosts"; and (iii) "compounds produced by microorganisms, released from food components or microbial constituents, including non-viable cells that, when administered in adequate amounts, promote health and wellbeing". A probiotic- and prebiotic-rich diet ensures an adequate supply of these vital nutrients. During the anaerobic fermentation of organic nutrients, such as prebiotics, postbiotics act as a benevolent bioactive molecule matrix. Postbiotics can be used as functional components in the food industry by offering a number of advantages, such as being added to foods that are harmful to probiotic survival. Postbiotic supplements have grown in popularity in the food, cosmetic, and healthcare industries because of their numerous health advantages. Their classification depends on various factors, including the type of microorganism, structural composition, and physiological functions. This review offers a succinct introduction to postbiotics while discussing their salient features and classification, production, purification, characterization, biological functions, and applications in the food industry. Furthermore, their therapeutic mechanisms as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory agents are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Pratheep Thangaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Hyperglycemia in Type I Diabetic Developing Male Rats. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7556278. [PMID: 35463813 PMCID: PMC9020910 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7556278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising treatments for diabetes mellitus (DM) is stem cell therapy. This study is aimed at elucidating the antidiabetic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced DM in developing male rats. Twenty-four male albino rats (4 weeks old) were divided into control, diabetic, diabetic+MSCs1 (received MSCs one week after STZ treatment), and diabetic+MSCs2 (received MSCs 4 weeks after STZ treatment). Diabetic rats showed marked impairment (
) in serum levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) in addition to disruption of the calculated values of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), pancreatic β cell function (HOMA-β), and oxidative stress index (OSI). These biochemical alterations were confirmed by the histopathological and ultrastructural assessments which showed marked destructive effect on pancreatic islet cells. MSC therapy in an early stage reversed most of the biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural alterations in the STZ-induced diabetic model and restored the normal cellular population of most acinar cells and islet of Langerhans. These results indicate that MSC therapy of STZ-induced diabetic developing rats during an early stage has the capacity of β cell restoration and the control of blood glycemic homeostasis.
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Effect of Irradiation on Structural Changes of Levan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052463. [PMID: 35269605 PMCID: PMC8910695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Levan, as a biocompatible and renewable biopolymer with anticancer properties, is a promising candidate for a wide range of applications in various fields of industry. However, in the literature, there is a lack of information about its behavior under the influence of UV irradiation, which may limit its potential application, including medical science. Therefore, this study describes the effects of irradiation on the structural properties of levan. This type of fructan was subjected to stability tests under radiation conditions using LED and polychromatic lamps. The results showed that the photodegradation of levan irradiated with a polychromatic light occurs faster and more efficiently than the photodegradation of levan irradiated with an LED lamp. Furthermore, AFM analysis showed that the surface became smoother after irradiation, as evidenced by decreasing values of roughness parameters. Moreover, UV irradiation causes the decrease of total surface free energy and both its components in levan; however, more significant changes occur during irradiation of the sample with a polychromatic lamp.
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Basiri S. Applications of Microbial Exopolysaccharides in the Food Industry. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/ajmb.2021.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high molecular weight polysaccharides secreted by microorganisms in the surrounding environment. In addition to the favorable benefits of these compounds for microorganisms, including microbial cell protection, they are used in various food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Investigating the functional and health-promoting characteristics of microbial EPS, identifying the isolation method of these valuable compounds, and their applications in the food industry are the objectives of this study. EPS are used in food industries as thickeners, gelling agents, viscosifiers, and film formers. The antioxidative, anticancer, prebiotic, and cholesterol-lowering effects of some of these compounds make it possible to use them in functional food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Basiri
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Rahman MO, Alqahtani AS, Huda SB, Siddiqui SA, Noman OM, Nasr F, Hassan MA, Islam SN. Streblus asper attenuates alloxan-induced diabetes in rats and demonstrates antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1058-1064. [PMID: 34365913 PMCID: PMC8354155 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1954668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Streblus asper Lour. (Moraceae) is used for the treatment of different ailments, including diabetes, and requires scientific validation. OBJECTIVE The study evaluates antidiabetic effects, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxicity of leaf and bark extracts of S. asper. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antidiabetic effects were assessed by inducing diabetes in Wistar albino rats (n = 5, six groups included 30 rats) by injecting alloxan [0.25 mg/kg body weight (bw)] intraperitoneally, and efficacy of methanol extracts of leaf and bark, and aqueous extract of leaves were evaluated by oral administration of 300 mg/kg bw of extracts for 3 weeks. Glibenclamide (Dibenol™) was used as a control (10 mg/kg bw). Antioxidant properties were examined by DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and cytotoxicity was investigated using a brine shrimp lethality assay. RESULTS Methanol extracts of leaves and bark, and the aqueous extract of leaves of S. asper, caused significant reductions in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats of 36.83, 70.33, and 52.71%, respectively, after 21 days of treatment. IC50 values in DPPH radical scavenging assessment for those extracts were 58.92, 88.54, and 111.36 µg/mL, respectively. LC50 values for brine shrimp lethality for the extracts were 173.80, 32.36, and 3235.9 µg/mL, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The methanol bark extract of S. asper showed significant antidiabetic activity. This study will significantly contribute to establishing the plant as an alternative medicinal resource for rural populations of Bangladesh and provides an opportunity for further research to identify the primary active compound(s) and establish new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Oliur Rahman
- Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shah Alam Siddiqui
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Abul Hassan
- Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Nazrul Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Verma DK, Patel AR, Thakur M, Singh S, Tripathy S, Srivastav PP, Chávez-González ML, Gupta AK, Aguilar CN. A review of the composition and toxicology of fructans, and their applications in foods and health. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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The Immunomodulatory Properties of β-2,6 Fructans: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041309. [PMID: 33921025 PMCID: PMC8071392 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides such as β-2,1-linked fructans including inulin or fructose oligosaccharides are well-known prebiotics with recognised immunomodulatory properties. In recent years, other fructan types covering β-2,6-linked fructans, particularly microbial levans, have gained increasing interest in the field. β-2,6-linked fructans of different degrees of polymerisation can be synthesised by plants or microbes including those that reside in the gastrointestinal tract. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for these β-2,6 fructans in modulating immune function. Here, we provide an overview of the sources and structures of β-2,6 fructans from plants and microbes and describe their ability to modulate immune function in vitro and in vivo along with the suggested mechanisms underpinning their immunomodulatory properties. Further, we discuss the limitations and perspectives pertinent to current studies and the potential applications of β-2,6 fructans including in gut health.
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Cheng R, Cheng L, Zhao Y, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang J. Biosynthesis and prebiotic activity of a linear levan from a new Paenibacillus isolate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:769-787. [PMID: 33404835 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Levan, a type of β (2→6)-linked fructan, is a promising biopolymer with distinct properties and extensive applications in the fields of food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, etc. However, the commercial availability of levan is still limited due to the relatively high production costs. Here, a new Paenibacillus sp. strain FP01 was isolated and identified as an efficient fructan producer with high yield (around 89.5 g/L fructan was obtained under 180 g/L sucrose) and conversation rate (49.7%). The fructan named Plev was structurally characterized as a linear levan-type fructan with a molecular mass of 3.11 × 106 Da. Aqueous solutions of Plev exhibited a non-Newtonian behavior at concentrations 3-5%. Heating and chilling had no obvious effects on apparent viscosities of Plev solutions. Plev also had good rheological stabilities toward pH (3-11) and metal salts (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+). Microbiome and metabolome analysis showed that Plev intervention increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and elevated the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of mice. Taken together, Plev could be considered a potential thickener and prebiotic supplement in food industry.Key points• Paenibacillus sp. strain FP01 was identified as a high-efficient levan producer.• The levan Plev from FP01 exhibited good rheological properties and stabilities.• The in vivo prebiotic activities of linear levan were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cheng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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Jiwani SI, Gillis RB, Besong D, Almutairi F, Erten T, Kök MS, Harding SE, Paulsen BS, Adams GG. Isolation and Biophysical Characterisation of Bioactive Polysaccharides from Cucurbita Moschata (Butternut Squash). Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081650. [PMID: 32722155 PMCID: PMC7466094 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbits are plants that have been used frequently as functional foods. This study includes the extraction, isolation, and characterisation of the mesocarp polysaccharide of Cucurbita moschata. The polysaccharide component was purified by gel filtration into three fractions (NJBTF1, NJBTF2, and NJBTF3) of different molecular weights. Characterisation includes the hydrodynamic properties, identification of monosaccharide composition, and bioactivity. Sedimentation velocity also indicated the presence of small amounts of additional discrete higher molecular weight components even after fractionation. Sedimentation equilibrium revealed respective weight average molecular weights of 90, 31, and 19 kDa, with the higher fractions (NJBTF1 and NJBTF2) indicating a tendency to self-associate. Based on the limited amount of data (combinations of 3 sets of viscosity and sedimentation data corresponding to the 3 fractions), HYDFIT indicates an extended, semi-flexible coil conformation. Of all the fractions obtained, NJBTF1 showed the highest bioactivity. All fractions contained galacturonic acid and variable amounts of neutral sugars. To probe further, the extent of glycosidic linkages in NJBTF1 was estimated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), yielding a high galacturonic acid content (for pectin polysaccharide) and the presence of fructans—the first evidence of fructans (levan) in the mesocarp. Our understanding of the size and structural flexibility together with the high bioactivity suggests that the polysaccharide obtained from C. moschata has the potential to be developed into a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahwar Imran Jiwani
- Queen’s Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.I.J.); (G.G.A.); Tel.: +44-(0)-115-748-4098 (S.I.J.); +44-(0)-115-823-0901 (G.G.A.)
| | - Richard B. Gillis
- Queen’s Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
| | - David Besong
- Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Makkah 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad Almutairi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tayyibe Erten
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bayburt University, 69000 Bayburt, Turkey;
| | - M. Samil Kök
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Gölköy, 14300 Bolu, Turkey;
| | - Stephen E. Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics (NCMH), School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Berit S. Paulsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Section Pharmacognosy, University of Oslo, PB 1068, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Gary G. Adams
- Queen’s Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.I.J.); (G.G.A.); Tel.: +44-(0)-115-748-4098 (S.I.J.); +44-(0)-115-823-0901 (G.G.A.)
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Sharkawi SMZ, El-Shoura EAM, Abo-Youssef AM, Hemeida RAM. The potential hepatoprotective effects of lovastatin combined with oral hypoglycemic agents in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:165-173. [PMID: 32114843 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1733013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Epidemiologic studies have shown that individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of hepatic diseases which represent a true clinical problem. The purpose of the present study was to assess the possible modulatory effect of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor lovastatin on therapeutic efficiency of traditional antidiabetics, as metformin and gliclazide, regarding hepatic complications in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats.Methods: Animals were divided into seven groups; normal control group, STZ control group (50 mg/kg, i.p., single dose), lovastatin group, metformin group, gliclazide group, lovastatin plus metformin group and lovastatin plus gliclazide group. Serum HMG-CoA reductase, in addition to serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as hepatocyte integrity loss markers, hepatic tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione reduced (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase as oxidative stress markers, as well as serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and hepatic nitric oxide end products (NOx) as inflammatory markers were assessed, coupled with a confirmatory histopathological study.Results: The combined effect of lovastatin with metformin or gliclazide was significantly better than either drug alone regarding serum AST, ALP and TNF-α, and hepatic TBARS, GSH, GST, SOD and NOx levels.Conclusions: Hepatic complications associated with diabetes could be improved by combination of metformin or gliclazide with lovastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souty M Z Sharkawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Menia, Egypt
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Sargassum muticum Hydrothermal Extract: Effects on Serum Parameters and Antioxidant Activity in Rats. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9122570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sargassum muticum was processed by hydrothermal extraction under previously optimized non-isothermal conditions (up to 187 °C). The alginate free crude hydrolysate was further concentrated by ultrafiltration, operating in diafiltration mode to produce an extract (SmE) enriched in the fucoidan and the phlorotannin fractions and with low mineral content and antiradical capacity equivalent to that of Trolox. In order to explore the potential of this concentrated product for food or feed additive, the in vivo antioxidant potential was assessed. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed SmE dissolved in distilled water at doses of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g kg−1, administered via an intragastric tube daily for three weeks. The weight and organ gain was not significantly affected in the different groups in relation to the control group fed a standard diet. Serum glucose was significantly lowered in the groups receiving the higher SmE doses, liver GPx levels were reduced and liver TBARS levels decreased in rats administered the extract, but no effect on SOD activity in either liver or erythrocytes was observed.
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Đurašević S, Jasnić N, Prokić M, Grigorov I, Martinović V, Đorđević J, Pavlović S. The protective role of virgin coconut oil on the alloxan-induced oxidative stress in the liver, kidneys and heart of diabetic rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:2114-2124. [PMID: 30919867 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00107g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on oxidative stress parameters in the liver, kidneys and heart of alloxan-induced (150 mg kg-1 i.p.-1) diabetes in rats. Our results showed that daily supplementation of VCO (20% of food) for 16 weeks significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorates some deleterious effects caused by alloxan. VCO reduced the diabetes-related increase in food (82.15 ± 1.49 vs. 145.51 ± 4.81 g per kg b.m. per day) and water (305.49 ± 6.09 vs. 583.98 ± 14.80 mL per kg b.m. per day) intake, and the decrease in the body mass gain (0.56 ± 0.16 vs. -2.13 ± 0.49 g per 100 g b.m. per week). In all three tissues, diabetes caused an increase in the concentration of total glutathione and sulfhydryl groups, and catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities, without changes in superoxide dismutase activity. Glutathione peroxidase activity was increased in the kidneys and heart, but not in the liver of the diabetic animals, while glutathione reductase activity was increased in the liver and the kidneys, and not in the heart. The simultaneous VCO supplementation increased the concentration of the sulfhydryl group in all three tissues of diabetic animals and decreased the glutathione S-transferase activity and glutathione concentration, without affecting the glutathione reductase activity. In the liver of diabetic animals it decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, in the heart catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and in the kidney catalase activity only. The results of canonical discriminant analysis of oxidative stress parameters revealed that VCO exerts its effects in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siniša Đurašević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nebojša Jasnić
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marko Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilijana Grigorov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Martinović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Đorđević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Slađan Pavlović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Influence of acid depolymerization parameters on levan molar mass distribution and its utilization by bacteria. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 206:371-379. [PMID: 30553334 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Levan is a fructan composed of β -(2, 6) linkages in its main chain. Its health properties, especially its prebiotic potential can be partially modified by changing its molar mass distribution. Given that native levan is rarely fermented by probiotic bacteria, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB), levanoligosaccharides (LOS) were produced by mild acid hydrolysis. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimum parameters for depolymerization. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used to characterize the LOS produced and to show the differences between inulin and levan. The prebiotic potential of four fractions of LOS with different molar mass distributions was investigated. MRS (Mann Rogosa Sharpe) medium supplemented with the LOS were inoculated with bacterial strains and growth was monitored by measuring the turbidity of the cultures. The utilization of oligofructans was also confirmed by RP-UHPLC-UV-ESI-MS (liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry) measurements of LOS derivatized with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP). It was observed that the degree of polymerization of LOS has an influence on the growth of the tested bacteria.
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Gan F, Yang Y, Chen Y, Che C, Pan C, Huang K. Bush sophora root polysaccharide could help prevent aflatoxin B1-induced hepatotoxicity in the primary chicken hepatocytes. Toxicon 2018; 150:180-187. [PMID: 29857086 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bush sophora root polysaccharide (BSRPS) on the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatotoxicity and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The primary chicken hepatocytes were used as the model in the present experiment. The results showed that AFB1 induced hepatotoxicity of chicken hepatocytes in a dose dependent manner as demonstrated by decreasing cell viability and increasing LDH activity, ALT and AST levels. AFB1 at 0.16 μM significantly increased the levels of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A5 (CYP450 1A5) mRNA and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the activity and mRNA level of manganese superoxide dismutase(SOD2) and the glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Px) activity in the hepatocytes compared with the blank control. BSRPS at 8.93 μM, 17.86 μM, and 35.72 μM supplementation could significantly reverse the above-mentioned changes induced by AFB1, and 17.86 μM of BSRPS has the largest effects on protecting the AFB1-induced hepatocytes damage. Knock-down of SOD2 by SOD2-specific siRNA significantly eliminated the protective effects of BSRPS on AFB1-induced the increase of CYP450 1A5 mRNA levels and hepatotoxicity. These results suggested that the BSRPS has protective effects on AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity by down-regulating CYP450 1A5 mRNA level via up-regulating SOD2 expression in the primary chicken hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yulan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaoping Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Antioxidant and anti-aging effects of acidic-extractable polysaccharides by Agaricus bisporus. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:1297-1306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Bahar E, Akter KM, Lee GH, Lee HY, Rashid HO, Choi MK, Bhattarai KR, Hossain MMM, Ara J, Mazumder K, Raihan O, Chae HJ, Yoon H. β-Cell protection and antidiabetic activities of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) Benth. S. Moore extract against alloxan-induced oxidative stress via regulation of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:179. [PMID: 28356096 PMCID: PMC5372275 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants are becoming more popular in the treatment of various diseases because of the adverse effects of the current therapy, especially antioxidant plant components such as phenols and flavonoids have a protective role against oxidative stress-induced degenerative diseases like diabetes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate β-cell protection and antidiabetic activities of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) Benth. S. Moore. Method The in-vitro study was conducted by the pancreatic β-cell culture and α-amylase inhibition technique which includes two methods, namely starch-iodine method and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) method. On the other hand, the in-vivo study was performed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) method and alloxan-induced diabetes method by using Wistar albino rat. At the end pancreatic specimens were removed and processed for histopathological study. Result The plant extract showed significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) effect on hyperglycemia as compared to standard (Gliclazide) in OGTT. The plant extract showed efficient protection activity of pancreatic β-cell from cell death in INS-1 cell line by significantly reduced (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) the levels alloxan-induced apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In addition, the plant extract showed a significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) effect on hyperglycemia by increases in percent of β-cells present in each islet (45% – 60%) compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion The result showed that C. crepidioides had β-cell protection and antidiabetic activities in pancreatic β-cell culture and Wistar albino rat. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1697-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Improvement of levan production in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens through metabolic optimization of regulatory elements. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4163-4174. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Yi YJ, Kamala-Kannan S, Lim JM, Oh BT, Lee SM. Effects of difructose dianhydride (DFA)-IV on in vitro fertilization in pigs. J Biomed Res 2017; 31:453-461. [PMID: 28958997 PMCID: PMC5706438 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.31.20160115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Difructose dianhydride IV (DFA-IV) is produced from levan, which is a natural polysaccharide that belongs to the fructan family, through the activity of levan fructotransferase (LF) derived from microorganisms. Recently, DFA-IV has been expected to have diverse applications in the food and medical industry. Here, we examined the potential application of DFA-IV forin vitro fertilization (IVF) in pigs. In the assessment of acrosomal integrity during incubation, intact acrosomal or viable spermatozoa were highly sustained in 0.1% or 0.25% DFA-IV (69.8%-70.8%,P<0.05). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels during sperm incubation decreased following the addition of DFA-IV, and 0.1%-0.5% DFA-IV in particular significantly decreased ROS production relative to that seen with no addition or 0.75% DFA-IV. Total fertilization (mono+ polyspermic oocyte) rate was significantly higher in the addition of 0.1% DFA-IV (94.2%) than with other concentrations (71.8%-86.7%,P<0.05). When using reduced IVF times and lower sperm numbers, we found that addition of 0.1%–0.5% DFA-IV significantly increased the fertilization rate (P<0.05). Fertilized oocytes treated with 0.1% DFA-IV exhibited higher embryonic development and blastocyst formation than those treated with other concentrations (P<0.05). Consequently, the addition of DFA-IV during IVF improved fertilization and embryonic development, suggesting the possible use of novel sugars for enhancement of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joo Yi
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.,Safety, Environment and Life Science Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - S Kamala-Kannan
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Jeong-Muk Lim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Sang-Myeong Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.,Safety, Environment and Life Science Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
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19
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Zouari R, Ben Abdallah-Kolsi R, Hamden K, Feki AE, Chaabouni K, Makni-Ayadi F, Sallemi F, Ellouze-Chaabouni S, Ghribi-Aydi D. Assessment of the antidiabetic and antilipidemic properties of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Biopolymers 2016; 104:764-74. [PMID: 26228442 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to scrutinize the potential of Bacillus subtilis SPB1biosurfactant, orally administered, for preventing diabetic complications in rats. The findings revealed that, Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant was an effective reducer of α-amylase activity in the plasma. Moreover, this supplement helped protect the β-cells from death and damage. Both the inhibitory action of SPB1 biosurfactant on α-amylase and the protection of the pancreas' β-cells lead to a decrease of the blood glucose levels, consequently antihyperglycemic effect. Interestingly, this lipopeptide biosurfactant modulated key enzyme related to hyperlipidemia as lipase; which leads to the regulation of the lipid profile in serum by the delay in the absorption of LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol. Histological analyses also showed that it exerted a protective action on the pancreases and efficiently preserved the liver-kidney functions of diabetic rats, evidenced by significant decreases in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, gamma-glytamyl transpeptidase and lactate deshydrogenase activities in the plasma, as well as in the creatinine and urea contents. Overall, the present study demonstrated that the hypoglycemic and antilipidemic activities exhibited by Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant were effective enough to alleviate induced diabetes in experimental rats. Therefore, SPB1biosurfactant could be considered as a potential strong candidate for the treatment and prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raida Zouari
- Unit "Enzymes and Bioconversion", National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Tunisia
| | | | - Khaled Hamden
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Tunisia.,Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | - Fahima Sallemi
- Anatomical Pathology and Cytology Laboratory, Ibn Nafis, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Semia Ellouze-Chaabouni
- Unit "Enzymes and Bioconversion", National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Ghribi-Aydi
- Unit "Enzymes and Bioconversion", National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Tunisia
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20
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Wang X, Martínez MA, Wu Q, Ares I, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Fipronil insecticide toxicology: oxidative stress and metabolism. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:876-899. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2016.1223014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Öner ET, Hernández L, Combie J. Review of Levan polysaccharide: From a century of past experiences to future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:827-844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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22
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Al-Harbi MS, Hamza RZ. Potential Ameliorative Effects of Selenium and Chromium Supplementation Against Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.483.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Zhu KX, Nie SP, Tan LH, Li C, Gong DM, Xie MY. A Polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum Improves Liver Function in Type 2 Diabetic Rats via Antioxidant Action and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Excretion. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1938-1944. [PMID: 26898215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b06103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma atrum (PSG-1) on liver function in type 2 diabetic rats. Results showed that PSG-1 decreased the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), while increasing hepatic glycogen levels. PSG-1 also exerted strong antioxidant activities, together with upregulated mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt) in the liver of diabetic rats. Moreover, the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were significantly higher in the liver, serum, and faeces of diabetic rats after treating with PSG-1 for 4 weeks. These results suggest that the improvement of PSG-1 on liver function in type 2 diabetic rats may be due to its antioxidant effects, SCFA excretion in the colon from PSG-1, and regulation of hepatic glucose uptake by inducing GLUT4 translocation through PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Wanning, Hainan 571533, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Le-He Tan
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Wanning, Hainan 571533, China
| | - Chuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University , Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - De-Ming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland , Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
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24
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Review on production, characterization and applications of microbial levan. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 120:102-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Perumal PS, Anaswara PV, Muthuraman A, Krishan S. Therapeutic potency of saponin rich aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis L. in alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Ayu 2015; 35:211-7. [PMID: 25558170 PMCID: PMC4279331 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.146261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is major metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. This leads to alter the multiple organ system. Aims: To investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of the saponin rich aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis (SRE-SD) using alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rat model. Material and Methods: The single dose of alloxan was injected for the induction of diabetes in rats. The SRE-SD and glibenclamide were administered for 15 consecutive days from the 3rd day of alloxan administration. Quantity of food and water intake was measured at day 0, and 18. Further, body weight was recorded and blood samples were collected at different time intervals that is, day 0, 3, 8, 13, and 18. The oxidative biomarkers (i.e. thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitrite (NO2−) levels were also estimated in the serum sample. Results: The SRE-SD showed a remarkable dose and time-dependent changes in alloxan-induced rise in the level of food consumption and water intake, serum glucose level, TBARS, NO2− and fall in the level of GSH. Further, significant attenuation was observed at 20 and 30 mg/kg of SRE-SD treated group. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that SRE-SD has both antidiabetic and antioxidant effects on the experimental model of diabetes in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Saravana Perumal
- Department of Biotechnology, Udaya School of Engineering, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P V Anaswara
- Department of Biotechnology, Udaya School of Engineering, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Muthuraman
- Akal Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, A unit of Akal College of Pharmacy and Technical Education, Sangrur, India
| | - S Krishan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Pharmacology Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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27
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Kazak Sarilmiser H, Toksoy Oner E. Investigation of anti-cancer activity of linear and aldehyde-activated levan from Halomonas smyrnensis AAD6T. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Maalej H, Boisset C, Hmidet N, Buon L, Heyraud A, Nasri M. Purification and structural data of a highly substituted exopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas stutzeri AS22. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 112:404-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Allagui MS, Feriani A, Bouoni Z, Alimi H, Murat JC, El Feki A. Protective effects of vitamins (C and E) and melatonin co-administration on hematological and hepatic functions and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:713-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Porras-Domínguez JR, Ávila-Fernández Á, Rodríguez-Alegría ME, Miranda-Molina A, Escalante A, González-Cervantes R, Olvera C, López Munguía A. Levan-type FOS production using a Bacillus licheniformis endolevanase. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Polysaccharide Production by Submerged Fermentation. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_39-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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32
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Park JH, Jung JH, Yang JY, Kim HS. Olive leaf down-regulates the oxidative stress and immune dysregulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Nutr Res 2013; 33:942-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Xu M, Wang Y, Cheng S, Liebrecht A, Qian H, Zhang H, Qi X. Anti-diabetic activity of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. leaves' polysaccharide in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:317-21. [PMID: 23916645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. (VBT) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The anti-diabetic activity of VBT leaves' polysaccharide (VBTLP) is studied in this paper. The results indicated VBTLP had a dose-dependent decrease on the blood glucose (BG) level, and the time effect of VBTLP on BG level was also significant. The insulin level of high dose group (HDG) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of model control (MC) group. Compared to MC, HDG and lose dose group (LDG) had significantly lower (p<0.05) TC and LDL-C levels, however, TG and HDL-C levels are similar. Compared to non-diabetic control (NC), HDG and LDG had similar plasma lipid levels except for higher LDL-C level. Although body weights of LDG and HDG were significant lower (p<0.05) than that of NC from week 2 to week 6, they were similar to that of PC. The results indicate VBTLP possesses a potential hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Dahech I, Fakhfakh J, Damak M, Belghith H, Mejdoub H, Belghith KS. Structural determination and NMR characterization of a bacterial exopolysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:417-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dahech I, Harrabi B, Hamden K, Feki A, Mejdoub H, Belghith H, Belghith KS. Antioxidant effect of nondigestible levan and its impact on cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 58:281-6. [PMID: 23624165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Levan polysaccharide, a type of fructan, has been shown to favorably affect diabetes type 2 and hypercholesterolemia. Recent reports have indicated that excessive oxidative stress contributes to the development of atherosclerosis linked metabolic syndrome. The objective of this current study was to investigate the possible protection against oxidative stress linked atherosclerosis. A group of twenty four male rats was divided into four subgroups; a normal diet group (Control), normal rats received levan (L), a high-cholesterol diet group (Chol) and a high-cholesterol diet with 5% (w/w) levan group. After the treatment period, the plasma antioxidant enzymes and lipid profiles were determined. Our results show that treatment with levan positively changed plasma antioxidant enzyme activities by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) by 40% and 28%, respectively, in heart. Similarly, the treatment of Chol fed groups with levan positively changed lipid profiles by decreasing total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol by 50%, 38.33% and 64%, respectively. Thus may have potential antioxidant effects and could protect against oxidative stress linked atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Dahech
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Dahech I, Belghith KS, Belghith H, Mejdoub H. Partial purification of a Bacillus licheniformis levansucrase producing levan with antitumor activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:329-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pleurotus tuber-regium Polysaccharides Attenuate Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:856381. [PMID: 22973406 PMCID: PMC3437521 DOI: 10.1155/2012/856381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus tuber-regium contains polysaccharides that are responsible for pharmacological actions, and medicinal effects of these polysaccharides have not yet been studied in diabetic rats. We examined the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties of P. tuber-regium polysaccharides in experimental diabetic rats. Forty rats were equally assigned as diabetic high-fat (DHF) diet and polysaccharides treated DHF groups (DHF+1P, DHF+2P, and DHF+3P, 20 mg/kg bodyweight/8-week). Diabetes was induced by chronic low-dose streptozotocin injections and a high-fat diet to mimic type 2 diabetes. Polysaccharides (1P, 2P, and 3P) were extracted from three different strains of P. tuber-regium. Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels substantially decreased, while serum insulin levels were restored by polysaccharides treatment compared to DHF. Furthermore, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in polysaccharide groups. High-density lipoprotein levels were attenuated with polysaccharides against diabetes condition. Polysaccharides inhibited (P < 0.01) the lipid peroxidation index (malondialdehyde), and restored superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver of diabetic rats. The antihyperglycemic property of polysaccharides perhaps boosts the antioxidant system that attenuates oxidative stress. We emphasize that P. tuber-regium polysaccharides can be considered as an alternative medicine to treat hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
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Toker H, Ozdemir H, Balcı H, Ozer H. N-acetylcysteine decreases alveolar bone loss on experimental periodontitis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Periodontal Res 2012; 47:793-9. [PMID: 22712627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphometric and histopathological changes associated with experimental periodontitis in diabetic rats in response to systemic administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a sulfhydryl-containing thiol antioxidant. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty Wistar rats were divided into six experimental groups: nonligated (NL) group; ligature-only (L) group; streptozotocin-only (STZ) group; STZ and ligature (STZ + L) group; and systemic administration of NAC and ligature (70 and 100 mg/kg body weight per day, respectively) (NAC70 and NAC100 groups). Diabetes mellitus was induced by 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Silk ligatures were placed at the gingival margin of the lower first molars of the mandibular quadrant. The study duration was 30 d and the animals were killed at the end of this period. Changes in alveolar bone levels were clinically measured and tissues were histopathologically examined to assess the differences among the study groups. RESULTS At the end of the 30-d study period, alveolar bone loss was significantly higher in the STZ + L group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Also, alveolar bone loss in all the NAC groups was significantly lower than in the STZ + L and L groups (p < 0.05). The osteoblastic activity in the NAC100 group was significantly higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that NAC, when administered systemically, prevents alveolar bone loss in the diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Toker
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
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Aloulou A, Hamden K, Elloumi D, Ali MB, Hargafi K, Jaouadi B, Ayadi F, Elfeki A, Ammar E. Hypoglycemic and antilipidemic properties of kombucha tea in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 12:63. [PMID: 22591682 PMCID: PMC3403982 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetes has become a serious health problem and a major risk factor associated with troublesome health complications, such as metabolism disorders and liver-kidney dysfunctions. The inadequacies associated with conventional medicines have led to a determined search for alternative natural therapeutic agents. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the hypoglycemic and antilipidemic effects of kombucha and black tea, two natural drinks commonly consumed around the world, in surviving diabetic rats. Methods Alloxan diabetic rats were orally supplied with kombucha and black tea at a dose of 5 mL/kg body weight per day for 30 days, fasted overnight, and sacrificed on the 31st day of the experiment. Their bloods were collected and submitted to various biochemical measurements, including blood glucose, cholesterol, triglcerides, urea, creatinine, transaminases, transpeptidase, lipase, and amylase activities. Their pancreases were isolated and processed to measure lipase and α-amylase activities and to perform histological analysis. Results The findings revealed that, compared to black tea, kombucha tea was a better inhibitor of α-amylase and lipase activities in the plasma and pancreas and a better suppressor of increased blood glucose levels. Interestingly, kombucha was noted to induce a marked delay in the absorption of LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol. Histological analyses also showed that it exerted an ameliorative action on the pancreases and efficiently protected the liver-kidney functions of diabetic rats, evidenced by significant decreases in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and gamma-glytamyl transpeptidase activities in the plasma, as well as in the creatinine and urea contents. Conclusions The findings revealed that kombucha tea administration induced attractive curative effects on diabetic rats, particularly in terms of liver-kidney functions. Kombucha tea can, therefore, be considered as a potential strong candidate for future application as a functional supplement for the treatment and prevention of diabetes.
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Microbial production of levansucrase for synthesis of fructooligosaccharides and levan. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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