1
|
Dvorakova M, Soudek P, Pavicic A, Langhansova L. The traditional utilization, biological activity and chemical composition of edible fern species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117818. [PMID: 38296173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ferns form an important part of the human diet. Young fern fiddleheads are mostly consumed as vegetables, while the rhizomes are often extracted for starch. These edible ferns are also often employed in traditional medicine, where all parts of the plant are used, mostly to prepare extracts. These extracts are applied either externally as lotions and baths or internally as potions, decoctions and teas. Ailments traditionally treated with ferns include coughs, colds, fevers, pain, burns and wounds, asthma, rheumatism, diarrhoea, or skin diseases (eczema, rashes, itching, leprosy). AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to compile the worldwide knowledge on the traditional medicinal uses of edible fern species correlating to reported biological activities and isolated bioactive compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The articles and books published on edible fern species were searched through the online databases Web of Science, Pubmed and Google Scholar, with critical evaluation of the hits. The time period up to the end of 2022 was included. RESULTS First, the edible fern species were identified based on the literature data. A total of 90 fern species were identified that are eaten around the world and are also used in traditional medicine. Ailments treated are often associated with inflammation or bacterial infection. However, only the most common and well-known fern species, were investigated for their biological activity. The most studied species are Blechnum orientale L., Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm., Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw., Marsilea minuta L., Osmunda japonica Thunb., Polypodium vulgare L., and Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.) Bedd. Most of the fern extracts have been studied for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Not surprisingly, antioxidant capacity has been the most studied, with results reported for 28 edible fern species. Ferns have been found to be very rich sources of flavonoids, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, terpenoids and steroids and most of these compounds are remarkable free radical scavengers responsible for the outstanding antioxidant capacity of fern extracts. As far as clinical trials are concerned, extracts from only three edible fern species have been evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The extracts of edible fern species exert antioxidant anti-inflammatory and related biological activities, which is consistent with their traditional medicinal use in the treatment of wounds, burns, colds, coughs, skin diseases and intestinal diseases. However, studies to prove pharmacological activities are scarce, and require chemical-biological standardization. Furthermore, correct botanical classification needs to be included in publications to simplify data acquisition. Finally, more in-depth phytochemical studies, allowing the linking of traditional use to pharmacological relevance are needed to be done in a standardized way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Dvorakova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, CZ-16200, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Soudek
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, CZ-16200, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Antonio Pavicic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, CZ-16200, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Langhansova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, CZ-16200, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bisht A, Goh KKT, Sims IM, Edwards PJB, Matia-Merino L. Does harvesting age matter? Changes in structure and rheology of a shear-thickening polysaccharide from Cyathea medullaris as a function of age. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 329:121757. [PMID: 38286538 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
A shear-thickening polysaccharide from the New Zealand Black tree fern (Cyathea medullaris, commonly known as mamaku) extracted from different age fronds (stage 1: young, stage 2: fully grown and stage 3: old) was characterised in terms of structure and rheological properties. Constituent sugar analysis and 1H and 13C NMR revealed a repeating backbone of -4)-β-D-GlcpA-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1→, for all mamaku polysaccharide (MP) samples from different age fronds without any alterations in molecular structure. However, the molecular weight (Mw) was reduced with increasing age, from ~4.1 × 106 to ~2.1 × 106 Da from stage 1 to stage 3, respectively. This decrease in Mw (and size) consequently reduced the shear viscosity (ηs-Stage 1 > ηs-Stage 2 > ηs-Stage 3). However, the extent of shear-thickening and uniaxial extensional viscosity of MP stage 2 was greater than MP stage 1, which was attributed to a greater intermolecular interaction occurring in the former. Shear-thickening behaviour was not observed in MP stage 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Bisht
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Kelvin K T Goh
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Ian M Sims
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Patrick J B Edwards
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Lara Matia-Merino
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Duan F, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Wang A. Fabrication of porous adsorbents from eco-friendly aqueous foam for high-efficient removal of cationic dyes and sustainable utilization assessment. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:395-406. [PMID: 37980025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Porous materials applied in environmental remediation have received researchers' extensive attention recently, but the related green and convenient preparation method is rarely reported. Here, we recommended a green and convenient strategy for the fabrication of porous material via aqueous foam templates, which was synergistically stabilized by Codonopsis pilosula (CP) and clay minerals of attapulgite (APT). The characterization results revealed that the APT was modified by organic molecules leached from CP and anchored at the air-water interface, which improved the foam stability significantly. The novel porous material of polyacrylamide/Codonopsis pilosula/attapulgite (PAM/CP/APT) templated from the aqueous foam via a polymerization reaction had excellent adsorption capacity for the cationic dyes methyl violet (MV) and methylene blue (MB), and the adsorption capacity can reach 755.85 mg/g and 557.64 mg/g, respectively. More importantly, the adsorption capacity of spent adsorbent material was still over 200 mg/g after being recycled five times through a simple carbonization process, and then it was added to the plant pot, the total biomass was increased by about 86.42%. This study provided a green and sustainable pathway for the preparation, application and subsequent processing of porous materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhi Duan
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang X, Liu M, Wei Y, Tong L, Guo S, Kang H, Zhang W, Yu Z, Zhang F, Duan JA. Structural characteristics and structure-activity relationship of four polysaccharides from Lycii fructus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127256. [PMID: 37802446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
At present, the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides is a common and important focus in the fields of glycobiology and carbohydrate chemistry. To better understand the effect of specific polysaccharide structures on bioactive orientation, four homogeneous polysaccharides from Lycii fructus, one neutral along with three acidic polysaccharides, were purified, structurally characterized and comparatively evaluated on the antioxidative and anti-aging activities. The GC-MS-based monosaccharide composition analysis and methylation results showed that the LFPs had similar glycosyl types but varied proportions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that LFPs consisted of arabinogalactan, rhamnogalacturonan and homogalacturonan structural domains. The results of the structure-activity relationship indicated that the antioxidative activity was positively correlated with the galacturonic acid (GalA) content, while the neutral multi-branched chains might be responsible for the anti-aging activity. This study is the first time to compare the principal structures and multiple biological activities of LFPs, which provided a reference for the industrial development and deep excavation of the health value of LFPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mengqiu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Limei Tong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hongjie Kang
- Ningxia Innovation Center of Goji R & D, Yinchuan 750002, PR China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Bairuiyuan Gouqi Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750200, PR China
| | - Zhexiong Yu
- Tianren Ningxia Wolfberry Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhongning 755100, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bisht A, Goh KKT, Matia-Merino L. The fate of mamaku gum in the gut: effect on in vitro gastrointestinal function and colon fermentation by human faecal microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:7024-7039. [PMID: 37439088 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01665j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Mamaku is a fern indigenous to the Pacific Islands with a long history of use for therapeutic benefits such as to combat skin conditions and manage gastrointestinal discomfort; however, the scientific understanding is limited. In this study, we examined the effect of mamaku gum, extracted from different age fronds of the New Zealand Black tree fern (Cyathea medullaris, Mamaku) (stage 1: young, stage 2: fully grown and stage 3: old), on gut function using in vitro models of static digestion, enzyme activity and static colonic fermentation. Under simulated gastric and small intestinal conditions, mamaku polysaccharide (MP) was indigestible as there was no decrease in the molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer. Mamaku gum could reduce the activity of digestive enzymes (α-amylase, pepsin and lipase) in a concentration-dependent manner, with the stage 1 sample showing the highest inhibition and stage 3 the lowest. All three mamaku gum samples could also equally bind bile acids during intestinal digestion. During fermentation, human faecal microbiota utilised the mamaku gum and significantly increased the production of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and reduced the pH when compared with the blank. However, changes in SCFAs and pH for mamaku groups were less prominent than for inulin and guar gum control groups, suggesting lower fermentability of mamaku gum compared to the latter two. Furthermore, mamaku gum altered the composition of colonic microbiota, specifically reducing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Enterococcus, Paraprevotella and Parabacteroides genera. No obvious difference between mamaku gum samples from stage 1, 2 and 3 was observed during fermentation. Collectively, these results suggest that mamaku gum may modulate the functionality of the host gut by reducing enzyme activity, binding bile acids, altering the colonic microbial composition and producing SCFAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Bisht
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Kelvin K T Goh
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Lara Matia-Merino
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Neun S, Brear P, Campbell E, Tryfona T, El Omari K, Wagner A, Dupree P, Hyvönen M, Hollfelder F. Functional metagenomic screening identifies an unexpected β-glucuronidase. Nat Chem Biol 2022; 18:1096-1103. [PMID: 35799064 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The abundance of recorded protein sequence data stands in contrast to the small number of experimentally verified functional annotation. Here we screened a million-membered metagenomic library at ultrahigh throughput in microfluidic droplets for β-glucuronidase activity. We identified SN243, a genuine β-glucuronidase with little homology to previously studied enzymes of this type, as a glycoside hydrolase 3 family member. This glycoside hydrolase family contains only one recently added β-glucuronidase, showing that a functional metagenomic approach can shed light on assignments that are currently 'unpredictable' by bioinformatics. Kinetic analyses of SN243 characterized it as a promiscuous catalyst and structural analysis suggests regions of divergence from homologous glycoside hydrolase 3 members creating a wide-open active site. With a screening throughput of >107 library members per day, picolitre-volume microfluidic droplets enable functional assignments that complement current enzyme database dictionaries and provide bridgeheads for the annotation of unexplored sequence space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Neun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Brear
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Theodora Tryfona
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kamel El Omari
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Armin Wagner
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Paul Dupree
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rademaker M, Davis T, Harris P. Mamaku (New Zealand black tree fern) extract as a potential treatment for atopic dermatitis. Australas J Dermatol 2022; 63:408-409. [PMID: 35460569 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Rademaker
- Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland's Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Tessa Davis
- Ora Innovation New Zealand Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Paul Harris
- Ora Innovation New Zealand Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang V, Isermann H, Sharma S, Wilson DI, Federle W. How a sticky fluid facilitates prey retention in a carnivorous pitcher plant (Nepenthes rafflesiana). Acta Biomater 2021; 128:357-369. [PMID: 33862281 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nepenthes pitcher plants grow in nutrient-poor soils and produce large pitfall traps to obtain additional nutrients from animal prey. Previous research has shown that the digestive secretion in N. rafflesiana is a sticky viscoelastic fluid that retains insects much more effectively than water, even after significant dilution. Although the retention of prey is known to depend on the fluid's physical properties, the details of how the fluid interacts with insect cuticle and how its sticky nature affects struggling insects are unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms behind the efficient prey retention in N. rafflesiana pitcher fluid. By measuring the attractive forces on insect body parts moved in and out of test fluids, we show that it costs insects more energy to free themselves from pitcher fluid than from water. Moreover, both the maximum force and the energy required for retraction increased after the first contact with the pitcher fluid. We found that insects sink more easily into pitcher fluid than water and, accordingly, the surface tension of N. rafflesiana pitcher fluid was lower than that of water (60.2 vs. 72.3 mN/m). By analysing the pitcher fluid's wetting behaviour, we demonstrate that it strongly resists dewetting from all surfaces tested, leaving behind residual films and filaments that can facilitate re-wetting. This inhibition of dewetting may be a further consequence of the fluid's viscoelastic nature and likely represents a key mechanism underlying prey retention in Nepenthes pitcher plants. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants secrete sticky viscoelastic fluids that prevent insects from escaping after falling into the pitcher. What physical mechanisms are responsible for the fluid's retentive function? First, insects sink and drown more readily in N. rafflesiana pitcher fluid due to its reduced surface tension. Second, once within the fluid, our force measurements show that it costs more energy to separate insects from pitcher fluid than from water. Third, the fluid strongly resists dewetting, making it harder for insects to extract themselves and covering their cuticle with residues that facilitate re-wetting. Such striking inhibition of dewetting may represent a previously unrecognised mechanism of prey retention by Nepenthes. Pitcher fluid fulfils a well-defined biological function and may serve as a model for studying the mechanics of complex fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kang
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Hannah Isermann
- City University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Saksham Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - D Ian Wilson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Walter Federle
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang S, An L, Li Z, Wang X, Wang H, Shi L, Bao J, Lan X, Zhang E, Lall N, Reid AM, Li Y, Jin DQ, Xu J, Guo Y. Structural elucidation of an immunological arabinan from the rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong, a traditional Chinese medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:42-52. [PMID: 33316344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, an immunological arabinan, LCP70-2A, was isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong for the first time. The absolute molecular weight of LCP70-2A was determined to be 6.46 × 104 g/mol using the HPSEC-MALLS-RID method. The absolute configuration of arabinose in LCP70-2A was determined to be L-configuration. Physicochemical characterization revealed that LCP70-2A was a homogeneous polysaccharide and had a backbone of (1 → 5)-linked α-L-Araf with terminal α-L-arabinose residues at position O-2 and O-3. Molecular conformation analysis showed that LCP70-2A was a branching polysaccharide with a compact coil chain conformation in 0.1 M NaCl solution. In addition, in vitro cell assays showed that LCP70-2A can activate macrophages by enhancing the phagocytosis and potentiating the secretion of immunoregulatory factors including NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Furthermore, LCP70-2A was proved to promote the production of ROS and NO using the zebrafish model, suggesting that LCP70-2A can be further developed as a candidate supplement for immunological enhancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun An
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhong Lan
- Food Science College, Tibet Agricultural & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, People's Republic of China
| | - Erhao Zhang
- Food Science College, Tibet Agricultural & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, People's Republic of China
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mari Reid
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Qing Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, and Drug Discovery Center for Infectious Disease, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gao Y, Yang X, Zheng W, Gao M, Gao Q, Xu D. Preparation, characterization, and cytokine-stimulating activity of oligosaccharides from Tremella fuciformis Berk. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13212. [PMID: 32301136 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Tremella fuciformis Berk polysaccharides (TP) have significant cytokine-stimulating activity and low oral bioavailability owing to their large molecular volume. Identifying and studying the smallest active structure of TP can potentially be beneficial for further utilization and research, therefore, TP was hydrolyzed and fractionated to obtain its (1→3)-mannan backbone fragments. The fragments were further isolated by ion-exchange resin, ultrafiltration, gel, and HPLC chromatography, and three oligosaccharide fractions, named TL4-1, TL4-2, TL4-3, were obtained. According to the determination of their physicochemical properties, they were composed of Man, and after methylation analysis they were mainly characterized as (1→3)-mannan oligosaccharides with a straight chain. TL4-1 contained di-, trisaccharides, TL4-2 included tetra-, penta-saccharides, and TL4-3 was made up of hex-, hepta-, octa-saccharides, according to LC-ESI/MS analysis. Cytokine stimulation experiments showed that the degree of polymerization (DP) should be more than six to maintain the activity of mannosan. Therefore, the smallest active unit of oligo-mannose was determined. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This paper reports the physical and chemical parameters, structure and biological potential of oligosaccharides from T. fuciformis Berk, a common edible fungus. Tremella has been used as an improving immunity drug in China with good effect. Oligosaccharides are more easily digested and utilized by human body, and maintain good activity. These results can increase people's interest in the product, and thus have a positive impact on the oligosaccharides of Tremella as health food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Jilin Institute of Ginseng Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Dao-di Herbs in Changbai Mountain, Changchun, China
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Miaomiao Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qipin Gao
- Jilin Institute of Ginseng Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Dao-di Herbs in Changbai Mountain, Changchun, China
| | - Duoduo Xu
- Jilin Institute of Ginseng Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Dao-di Herbs in Changbai Mountain, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sahana TG, Rekha PD. A novel exopolysaccharide from marine bacterium Pantoea sp. YU16-S3 accelerates cutaneous wound healing through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116191. [PMID: 32299547 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides with versatile properties are the potential candidates for wound healing applications. In this study, an exopolysaccharide, EPS-S3, isolated from a marine bacteria Pantoea sp. YU16-S3 was evaluated for its wound-healing abilities by studying the key molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Basic characterisation showed EPS-S3 as a heteropolysaccharide with glucose, galactose, N-acetyl galactosamine and glucosamine. The molecular weight of EPS-S3 was estimated to be 1.75 × 105 Da. It showed thermal stability up to 200 °C and shear-thickening non-Newtonian behaviour. It was biocompatible with dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes and showed cell adhesion and cell proliferation properties. EPS-S3 facilitated cell migration in fibroblasts, induced rapid transition of cell cycle phases and also activated macrophages. In vivo experiments in rats showed the re-epithelialization of injured tissue with increased expression of HB-EGF, FGF, E-cadherin and β-catenin in EPS-S3 treatment. The results indicate that EPS-S3 modulates healing process through Wnt/β-catenin pathway due to its unique characteristics. In conclusion, EPS-S3 biosynthesized by the marine bacterium is a potential biomolecule for cutaneous wound healing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T G Sahana
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India.
| | - P D Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Williams MAK, Cornuault V, Irani AH, Symonds VV, Malmström J, An Y, Sims IM, Carnachan SM, Sallé C, North HM. Polysaccharide Structures in the Outer Mucilage of Arabidopsis Seeds Visualized by AFM. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1450-1459. [PMID: 32058700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is presented that the polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) can be biosynthesized in remarkably organized branched configurations and surprisingly long versions and can self-assemble into a plethora of structures. AFM imaging has been applied to study the outer mucilage obtained from wild-type (WT) and mutant (bxl1-3 and cesa5-1) Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. For WT mucilage, ordered, multichain structures of the polysaccharide RGI were observed, with a helical twist visible in favorable circumstances. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated the stability of several possible multichain complexes and the possibility of twisted fibril formation. For bxl1-3 seeds, the imaged polymers clearly showed the presence of side chains. These were surprisingly regular and well organized with an average length of ∼100 nm and a spacing of ∼50 nm. The heights of the side chains imaged were suggestive of single polysaccharide chains, while the backbone was on average 4 times this height and showed regular height variations along its length consistent with models of multichain fibrils examined in MD. Finally, in mucilage extracts from cesa5-1 seeds, a minor population of chains in excess of 30 μm long was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A K Williams
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, PN461, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.,The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Valérie Cornuault
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, PN461, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.,The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Amir H Irani
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, PN461, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - V Vaughan Symonds
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, PN461, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yiran An
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ian M Sims
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 33-436, Petone 5046, New Zealand
| | - Susan M Carnachan
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 33-436, Petone 5046, New Zealand
| | - Christine Sallé
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Centanni M, Carnachan SM, Bell TJ, Daines AM, Hinkley SFR, Tannock GW, Sims IM. Utilization of Complex Pectic Polysaccharides from New Zealand Plants ( Tetragonia tetragonioides and Corynocarpus laevigatus) by Gut Bacteroides Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7755-7764. [PMID: 31251611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pectic polysaccharides from New Zealand (NZ) spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides) and karaka berries (Corynocarpus laevigatus) were extracted and analyzed. NZ spinach polysaccharides comprised mostly homogalacturonan (64.4%) and rhamnogalacturonan I (5.8%), with side chains of arabinan (8.1%), galactan (2.2%), and type II arabinogalactan (7.1%); karaka berry polysaccharides comprised homogalacturonan (21.8%) and rhamnogalacturonan I (10.0%), with greater proportions of side chains (arabinan, 15.6%; galactan, 23.8%; and type II arabinogalactan, 19.3%). Screening of gut commensal Bacteroides showed that six were able to grow on the NZ spinach extract, while five were able to grow on the karaka berry extract. Analysis of the polysaccharides remaining after fermentation, by size-exclusion chromatography and constituent sugar analysis, showed that the Bacteroides species that grew on these two substrates showed preferences for the different pectic polysaccharide types. Our data suggest that, to completely degrade and utilize the complex pectin structures found in plants, members of Bacteroides and other bowel bacteria work as metabolic consortia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan M Carnachan
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Tracey J Bell
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Alison M Daines
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Simon F R Hinkley
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Gerald W Tannock
- Riddet Institute Centre of Research Excellence , Palmerston North 4442 , New Zealand
| | - Ian M Sims
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carnachan SM, Bell TJ, Hinkley SFR, Sims IM. Polysaccharides from New Zealand Native Plants: A Review of Their Structure, Properties, and Potential Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E163. [PMID: 31181819 PMCID: PMC6630198 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble, non-starch polysaccharides from plants are used commercially in a wide range of food and non-food applications. The increasing range of applications for natural polysaccharides means that there is growing demand for plant-derived polysaccharides with different functionalities. The geographical isolation of New Zealand and its unique flora presents opportunities to discover new polysaccharides with novel properties for a range of applications. This review brings together data published since the year 2000 on the composition and structure of exudate gums, mucilages, and storage polysaccharides extracted from New Zealand endemic land plants. The structures and properties of these polysaccharides are compared with the structures of similar polysaccharides from other plants. The current commercial use of these polysaccharides is reviewed and their potential for further exploitation discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Carnachan
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
| | - Tracey J Bell
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
| | - Simon F R Hinkley
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
| | - Ian M Sims
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, 69 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sahana TG, Rekha PD. A bioactive exopolysaccharide from marine bacteria Alteromonas sp. PRIM-28 and its role in cell proliferation and wound healing in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:10-18. [PMID: 30851325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine bacteria secrete exopolysaccharides (EPS) with unique structural and functional properties and serve as a source of newer bioactive biopolymers. This study reports an EPS produced by a marine bacterium identified as Alteromonas sp. PRIM-28 for its bioactivities. The EPS was characterised using standard methods and tested for its bioactivities using in vitro models. EPS-A28 is an anionic heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 780 kDa and exists as triple helical structure in aqueous solution. Monosaccharide composition is mannuronic acid, glucose and N-acetyl glucosamine repeating units in the ratio 1:3.67:0.93. The FT-IR spectra showed the presence of sulphate, phosphate and uronic acid residues. The thermal analysis showed partial degradation of the EPS-A28 at 190 °C and 40% of residues were stable up to 800 °C. It showed biocompatibility and induced proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and keratinocytes. EPS-A28 could increase the S-phase of cell cycle. The proliferative property of the EPS-A28 was established by the increased expression of fibroblast proliferation marker (Ki-67) also its capability of binding to cell surface. It also induced nitric oxide and arginase synthesis in macrophages. These findings suggest that EPS-A28 can be potentially used as a multifunctional bioactive polymer in wound care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T G Sahana
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India.
| | - P D Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bell TJ, Draper SL, Centanni M, Carnachan SM, Tannock GW, Sims IM. Characterization of Polysaccharides from Feijoa Fruits ( Acca sellowiana Berg.) and Their Utilization as Growth Substrates by Gut Commensal Bacteroides Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:13277-13284. [PMID: 30516980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from feijoa fruit were extracted and analyzed; the composition of these polysaccharides conforms to those typically found in the primary cell walls of eudicotyledons. The two major polysaccharide extracts consisted of mainly pectic polysaccharides and hemicellulosic polysaccharides [xyloglucan (77%) and arabinoxylan (16%)]. A collection of commensal Bacteroides species was screened for growth in culture using these polysaccharide preparations and placed into five categories based on their preference for each substrate. Most of the species tested could utilize the pectic polysaccharides, but growth on the hemicellulose was more limited. Constituent sugar and glycosyl linkage analysis showed that species that grew on the hemicellulose fraction showed differences in their preference for the two polysaccharides in this preparation. Our data demonstrate that the members of the genus Bacteroides show differential hydrolysis of pectic polysaccharides, xyloglucan, and arabinoxylan, which might influence the structure and metabolic activities of the microbiota in the human gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey J Bell
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Sarah L Draper
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | | | - Susan M Carnachan
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| | - Gerald W Tannock
- Riddet Institute Centre of Research Excellence , Palmerston North 4442 , New Zealand
| | - Ian M Sims
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , 69 Gracefield Road , Lower Hutt 5040 , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Structural viscoelasticity of a water-soluble polysaccharide extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1601-1609. [PMID: 30266649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two structural changing processes are incorporated into a traditional viscoelastic model to characterize and predict the shear thickening rheological behaviors of a polysaccharide mucilage of black tree fern. The shear-dependent structure effect could cause varying linear viscoelasticity, and the relaxation spectrum in the model was modified by an empirical sigmoidal function and a structure parameter. The steady shear viscosity of the mucilage was fitted to obtain the parameters in the empirical function. The step rate experimental data was fitted to obtain the structural formation and disruption information. According to the varying spectrum in steady shear state, the extract shows slight shear strengthening of linear viscoelasticity at low shear rate, then steep strengthening in 3-6 s-1, and last large strengthening at the shear rate higher than 10 s-1. Both the time-dependent shear thickening viscosity and the shear hysteresis behavior of the mucilage can be predicted using the developing structure.
Collapse
|
18
|
Silvestri D, Mikšíček J, Wacławek S, Torres-Mendieta R, Padil VVT, Černík M. Production of electrospun nanofibers based on graphene oxide/gum Arabic. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 124:396-402. [PMID: 30500492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the electrospinning technique has attracted significant attention for the production of novel nanofibrous materials. At the same time, the use of graphene oxide and the natural products extracted from plants and/or trees have become very popular in various fields of science. In this work, a new method for the production of nanofibers based on a combination of Gum Arabic (GA), as a natural tree gum exudate, PVA, as an environmentally-friendly stabilizer, and graphene oxide (GO) has been developed and characterized. SEM analysis showed fundamental differences on the surface of bare nanofibers with and without GO, and also significantly smaller fiber diameters in the case of the presence of GO (fibers <100 nm present). Raman spectroscopy confirmed and TGA analysis approximated the content of GO in the nanofibers. Adsorption of methylene blue on the produced nanofibrous membrane was about 50% higher in the presence of GO, which opens the possibility to use GO/GA/PVA fibers in several applications, for example for the removal of dyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Silvestri
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec 1, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Mikšíček
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec 1, Czech Republic
| | - Stanisław Wacławek
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
| | - Rafael Torres-Mendieta
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec 1, Czech Republic
| | - Vinod V T Padil
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec 1, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim CC, Kelly WJ, Patchett ML, Tannock GW, Jordens Z, Stoklosinski HM, Taylor JW, Sims IM, Bell TJ, Rosendale DI. Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a pectinolytic bacterium isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:4992-4998. [PMID: 29039307 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon. The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity). Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter. Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose. TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella. Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae. The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C Kim
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.,The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | | | - Mark L Patchett
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Gerald W Tannock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Microbiome Otago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Z Jordens
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Halina M Stoklosinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Jordan W Taylor
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Ian M Sims
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Gracefield Research Centre, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Tracey J Bell
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Gracefield Research Centre, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Douglas I Rosendale
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Centanni M, Hutchison JC, Carnachan SM, Daines AM, Kelly WJ, Tannock GW, Sims IM. Differential growth of bowel commensal Bacteroides species on plant xylans of differing structural complexity. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1374-1382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
21
|
Wee MSM, Lentle RG, Goh KKT, Matia-Merino L. The first of the viscoceuticals? A shear thickening gum induces gastric satiety in rats. Food Funct 2017; 8:96-102. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01464j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of gavage of 4 ml of a viscous shear-thickening polysaccharide solution (15% w/w) extracted from the fronds of the mamaku tree fern (Cythea medullaris) in reducing appetite and delaying gastric emptying in twenty six Sprague Dawley rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. M. Wee
- Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food and Nutrition
- Massey University
- Palmerston North 4442
- New Zealand
| | - R. G. Lentle
- Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food and Nutrition
- Massey University
- Palmerston North 4442
- New Zealand
| | - K. K. T. Goh
- Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food and Nutrition
- Massey University
- Palmerston North 4442
- New Zealand
| | - L. Matia-Merino
- Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food and Nutrition
- Massey University
- Palmerston North 4442
- New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Structural characterisation and rheological properties of a polysaccharide from sesame leaves ( Sesamum radiatum Schumach. & Thonn.). Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:541-547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Wee MS, Matia-Merino L, Goh KK. The cation-controlled and hydrogen bond-mediated shear-thickening behaviour of a tree-fern isolated polysaccharide. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 130:57-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
25
|
Liu R, Li J, Wu T, Li Q, Meng Y, Zhang M. Effects of ultrafine grinding and cellulase hydrolysis treatment on physicochemical and rheological properties of oat (Avena nuda L.) β-glucans. J Cereal Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Bactericidal Compounds Controlling Growth of the Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, Which Forms Biofilms Composed of a Novel Exopolysaccharide. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:4026-36. [PMID: 25841017 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00194-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is the major cause of bacterial canker and is a severe threat to kiwifruit production worldwide. Many aspects of the disease caused by P. syringae pv. actinidiae, such as the pathogenicity-relevant formation of a biofilm composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), are still unknown. Here, a highly virulent strain of P. syringae pv. actinidiae, NZ V-13, was studied with respect to biofilm formation and architecture using a flow cell system combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The biofilm formed by P. syringae pv. actinidiae NZ V-13 was heterogeneous, consisting of a thin cellular base layer 5 μm thick and microcolonies with irregular structures. The major component of the EPSs produced by P. syringae pv. actinidiae NZ V-13 bacteria was isolated and identified to be an exopolysaccharide. Extensive compositional and structural analysis showed that rhamnose, fucose, and glucose were the major constituents, present at a ratio of 5:1.5:2. Experimental evidence that P. syringae pv. actinidiae NZ V-13 produces two polysaccharides, a branched α-d-rhamnan with side chains of terminal α-d-Fucf and an α-d-1,4-linked glucan, was obtained. The susceptibility of the cells in biofilms to kasugamycin and chlorine dioxide was assessed. About 64 and 73% of P. syringae pv. actinidiae NZ V-13 cells in biofilms were killed when kasugamycin and chlorine dioxide were used at 5 and 10 ppm, respectively. Kasugamycin inhibited the attachment of P. syringae pv. actinidiae NZ V-13 to solid surfaces at concentrations of 80 and 100 ppm. Kasugamycin was bacteriostatic against P. syringae pv. actinidiae NZ V-13 growth in the planktonic mode, with the MIC being 40 to 60 ppm and a bactericidal effect being found at 100 ppm. Here we studied the formation, architecture, and composition of P. syringae pv. actinidiae biofilms as well as used the biofilm as a model to assess the efficacies of bactericidal compounds.
Collapse
|