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Wang J, Liu H, Shi X, Qin S, Liu J, Lv Q, Liu J, Li Q, Wang Z, Wang L. Development and Application of an Advanced Biomedical Material-Silk Sericin. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311593. [PMID: 38386199 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Sericin, a protein derived from silkworm cocoons, is considered a waste product derived from the silk industry for thousands of years due to a lack of understanding of its properties. However, in recent decades, a range of exciting properties of sericin are studied and uncovered, including cytocompatibility, low-immunogenicity, photo-luminescence, antioxidant properties, as well as cell-function regulating activities. These properties make sericin-based biomaterials promising candidates for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the properties and bioactivities of silk sericin and highlights the latest developments in sericin in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the extended application of sericin in developing flexible electronic devices and 3D bioprinting is also discussed. It is believed that sericin-based biomaterials have great potential of being developed into novel tissue engineering products and smart implantable devices for various medical applications toward improving clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sumei Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qiying Lv
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qilin's Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Multi-disciplinary Translational Research, Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Clinical Laboratory and Active Health Smart Equipment, Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Zhang Y, Cheng L, Zhang R, Ma W, Qin Z. Effect of rheological behaviors of polyacrylonitrile grafted sericin solution on film structure and mechanical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131102. [PMID: 38580021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Sericin protein possesses excellent biocompatibility, antioxidation, and processability. Nevertheless, manufacturing large quantities of strong and tough pure regenerated sericin materials remains a significant challenge. Herein, we design a lightweight structural sericin film with high ductility by combining radical chain polymerization reaction and liquid-solid phase inversion method. The resulting polyacrylonitrile grafted sericin films exhibit the ability to switch between high strength and high toughness effortlessly, the maximum tensile strength and Young's modulus values are 21.92 ± 1.51 MPa and 8.14 ± 0.09 MPa, respectively, while the elongation at break and toughness reaches up to 344.10 ± 35.40 % and 10.84 ± 1.02 MJ·m-3, respectively. Our findings suggest that incorporating sericin into regenerated films contributes to the transformation of their mechanical properties through influencing the entanglement of molecular chains within polymerized solutions. Structural analyses conducted using infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirm that sericin modulates the mechanical properties by affecting the transition of condensed matter conformation. This work presents a convenient yet effective strategy for simultaneously addressing the recycling of sericin as well as producing regenerated protein-based films that hold potential applications in biomedical, wearable, or food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Donghua University, China
| | - Longdi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, China.
| | - Ruiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Donghua University, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Donghua University, China
| | - Wanwan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Donghua University, China
| | - Zhihui Qin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Donghua University, China
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Byram PK, Mukherjee M, Rahaman M, Bora H, Kaushal M, Dhara S, Chakravorty N. Bioactive self-assembling silk fibroin-sericin films for skin tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025009. [PMID: 38194702 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad1c9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The quest for an ideal wound dressing material has been a strong motivation for researchers to explore novel biomaterials for this purpose. Such explorations have led to the extensive use of silk fibroin (SF) as a suitable polymer for several applications over the years. Unfortunately, another major silk protein-sericin has not received its due attention yet in spite of having favorable biological properties. In this study, we report an approach of blending SF and silk sericin (SS) without the usage of chemical crosslinkers is made possible by the usage of formic acid which evaporates to induceβ-sheets formation to form cytocompatible films. Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of SF/SS components in blend and formation ofβ-sheet in films.In situ, gelation kinetics studies were conducted to understand the change in gelation properties with addition of sericin into SF. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and live/dead assays were performed to study cellular attachment, viability and proliferation on SF/SS films. The antibacterial properties of SF/SS films were tested using Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The re-structured SF/SS films were stable, transparent, show good mechanical properties, antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility, therefore can serve as suitable biomaterial candidates for skin regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Kumar Byram
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Mandrita Mukherjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Motiur Rahaman
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Hema Bora
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Manish Kaushal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Nishant Chakravorty
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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Kim JY, Kim SG, Garagiola U. Relevant Properties and Potential Applications of Sericin in Bone Regeneration. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6728-6742. [PMID: 37623245 PMCID: PMC10453912 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of sericin, a protein derived from silkworms, is explored in bone graft applications. Sericin's biocompatibility, hydrophilic nature, and cost-effectiveness make it a promising candidate for enhancing traditional graft materials. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and UV-resistant properties contribute to a healthier bone-healing environment, and its incorporation into 3D-printed grafts could lead to personalized medical solutions. However, despite these promising attributes, there are still gaps in our understanding. The precise mechanism through which sericin influences bone cell growth and healing is not fully understood, and more comprehensive clinical trials are needed to confirm its long-term biocompatibility in humans. Furthermore, the best methods for incorporating sericin into existing graft materials are still under investigation, and potential allergic reactions or immune responses to sericin need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwa-Young Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong-Gon Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Umberto Garagiola
- Biomedical, Surgical and Oral Sciences Department, Maxillofacial and Dental Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
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Lee HG, Jang MJ, Park BD, Um IC. Structural Characteristics and Properties of Redissolved Silk Sericin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3405. [PMID: 37631462 PMCID: PMC10459888 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk sericin has garnered the attention of researchers as a promising biomaterial because of its good biocompatibility and high water retention. However, despite its useful properties, the poor storage stability of sericin has restricted its extensive use in biorelated applications. This study extracted sericin from silkworm cocoon, dried and stored it as a solid, and then dissolved it in hot water conditions to improve the storage stability of sericin for its use. The dissolution behavior of the extracted sericin solids was examined in conjunction with the structural characteristics and properties of dissolved sericin. Consequently, the results of solution viscosity, gel strength, crystallinity index, and thermal decomposition temperature indicated that the molecular weight (MW) of the dissolved sericin remained constant until a dissolution time of 5 min, following which deterioration was observed. The optimum condition of dissolution of the extracted sericin solid was 5 min at 90 °C. Conclusively, the extracted sericin could be stored in a dry state and dissolved to prepare redissolved sericin aqueous solution with the same MW as extracted sericin, thereby improving the storage stability of the sericin aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Gyeoung Lee
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Jang
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Dae Park
- Department of Wood and Paper Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Kim YE, Bae YJ, Jang MJ, Um IC. Effect of Sericin Content on the Structural Characteristics and Properties of New Silk Nonwoven Fabrics. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1186. [PMID: 37627251 PMCID: PMC10452508 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, natural silk nonwoven fabrics have attracted attention in biomedical and cosmetic applications because of their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and easy preparation. Herein, silk nonwoven fabrics were prepared by carding silk filaments to improve their productivity, and the effect of sericin content on the structure and properties of silk nonwoven fabrics was investigated. Owing to the binding effect of sericin in silk, a natural silk nonwoven fabric was successfully prepared through carding, wetting, and hot press treatments. Sericin content affected the structural characteristics and properties of the silk nonwoven fabrics. As the sericin content increased, the silk nonwoven fabrics became more compact with reduced porosity and thickness. Further, with increasing sericin content, the crystallinity and elongation of the silk nonwoven fabrics decreased while the moisture regain and the maximum stress increased. The thermal stability of most silk nonwoven fabrics was not affected by the sericin content. However, silk nonwoven fabrics without sericin had a lower thermal decomposition temperature than other nonwoven fabrics. Regardless of the sericin content, all silk nonwoven fabrics exhibited optimal cell viability and are promising candidates for cosmetic and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Kim
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (Y.J.B.)
| | - Yu Jeong Bae
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (Y.J.B.)
| | - Mi Jin Jang
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (Y.J.B.)
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Li M, Tian W, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Xu J, Wang J. Effect of degumming degree on the structure and tensile properties of RSF/RSS composite films prepared by one-step extraction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6689. [PMID: 37095290 PMCID: PMC10126198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) and regenerated sericin (RSS) have attracted much attention for tissue engineering due to excellent biocompatibility and controllable degradation. However, pure RSF films prepared by existing methods are brittle, which limits applications in the field of high-strength and/or flexible tissues (e.g. cornea, periosteum and dura). A series of RSF/RSS composite films were developed from solutions prepared by dissolving silks with different degumming rates. The molecular conformation, crystalline structure and tensile properties of the films and the effect of sericin content on the structure and properties were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction results revealed more β-sheets in films prepared by boiling water degumming than in Na2CO3-degummed RSFC film. Analysis of mechanical properties showed that the breaking strength (3.56 MPa) and elongation (50.51%) of boiling water-degummed RSF/RSS film were significantly increased compared with RSFC film (2.60 MPa and 32.31%), and the flexibility of films could be further improved by appropriately reducing the degumming rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tian
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangxiao Yu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boyu Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianmei Xu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiannan Wang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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Structural Characteristics and Properties of Cocoon and Regenerated Silk Fibroin from Different Silkworm Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054965. [PMID: 36902396 PMCID: PMC10003124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk has attracted the attention of researchers as a biomedical and cosmetic material because of its good biocompatibility and cytocompatibility. Silk is produced from the cocoons of silkworms, which have various strains. In this study, silkworm cocoons and silk fibroins (SFs) were obtained from ten silkworm strains, and their structural characteristics and properties were examined. The morphological structure of the cocoons depended on the silkworm strains. The degumming ratio of silk ranged from 22.8% to 28% depending on the silkworm strains. The highest and lowest solution viscosities of SF were shown by 9671 and 9153, respectively, showing a 12-fold difference. The silkworm strains of 9671, KJ5, and I-NOVI showed a two-fold higher work of ruptures for the regenerated SF film than 181 and 2203, indicating that the silkworm strains considerably influence the mechanical properties of the regenerated SF film. Regardless of the silkworm strain, all silkworm cocoons showed good cell viability, making them suitable candidates for advanced functional biomaterials.
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Hu D, Li T, Liang W, Wang Y, Feng M, Sun J. Silk sericin as building blocks of bioactive materials for advanced therapeutics. J Control Release 2023; 353:303-316. [PMID: 36402235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Silk sericin is a class of protein biopolymers produced by silkworms. Increasing attention has been paid to silk sericin for biomedical applications in the last decade, not only because of its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability but also due to the pharmacological activities stemming from its unique amino acid compositions. In this review, the biological properties of silk sericin, including curing specific diseases and promoting tissue regeneration, as well as underlying mechanisms are summarized. We consider the antioxidant activity of silk sericin as a fundamental property, which could account for partial biological activities, despite the exact mechanisms of silk sericin's effect remaining unknown. Based on the reactive groups on silk sericin, approaches of bottom-up fabrication of silk sericin-based biomaterials are highlighted, including non-covalent interactions and chemical reactions (reduction, crosslinking, bioconjugation, and polymerization). We then briefly present the cutting-edge advances of silk sericin-based biomaterials applied in tissue engineering and drug delivery. The challenges of silk sericin-based biomaterials are proposed. With more bioactivities and underlying mechanisms of silk sericin uncovered, it is going to boost the therapeutic potential of silk sericin-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Hu
- Subtropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
| | - Tiandong Li
- Subtropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Wen'an Liang
- Subtropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yeyuan Wang
- Subtropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Min Feng
- Subtropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jingchen Sun
- Subtropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
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Kim SI, Jeon GY, Kim SE, Choe SH, Kim SJ, Seo JS, Kang TW, Song JE, Khang G. Injectable Hydrogel Based on Gellan Gum/Silk Sericin for Application as a Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Carrier. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41331-41340. [PMID: 36406493 PMCID: PMC9670284 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The damage to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells can lead to vision loss and permanent blindness. Therefore, an effective therapeutic strategy has emerged to replace damaged cells through RPE cell delivery. In this study, we fabricated injectable gellan gum (GG)/silk sericin (SS) hydrogels as a cell carrier by blending GG and SS. To determine the appropriate concentration of SS for human RPE ARPE-19, 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5% (w/v) of SS solution were blended in 1% (w/v) GG solution (GG/SS 0%, GG/SS 0.05%, GG/SS 0.1%, and GG/SS 0.5%, respectively). The physical and chemical properties were measured through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, mass swelling, and weight loss. Also, viscosity, injection force, and compressive tests were used to evaluate mechanical characteristics. Cell proliferation and differentiation of ARPE-19 were evaluated using quantitative dsDNA analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The addition of SS gave GG/SS hydrogels a compressive strength similar to that of natural RPE tissue, which may well support the growth of RPE and enhance cell proliferation and differentiation. In particular, the GG/SS 0.5% hydrogel showed the most similar compressive strength (about 10 kPa) and exhibited the highest gene expression related to ARPE-19 cell proliferation. These results indicate that GG/SS 0.5% hydrogels can be a promising biomaterial for cell delivery in retina tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo in Kim
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeong Jeon
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Kim
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Choe
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Kim
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sol Seo
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Kang
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department
of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
- Department
of PolymerNano Science & Technology and Polymer Materials Fusion
Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk54896, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Airlangga
University, Jl. Airlangga
No. 4−6, Airlangga, Kec. Gubeng, Kota
SBY, Jawa Timur60115, Indonesia
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11
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Meerasri J, Chollakup R, Sothornvit R. Factors affecting sericin hydrolysis and application of sericin hydrolysate in sericin films. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28441-28450. [PMID: 36320550 PMCID: PMC9533480 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sericin is a natural protein and a by-product obtained from silk processing. To enhance the antioxidant properties of sericin, sericin hydrolysis was studied. The solvent effects (distilled water, citric acid and hydrochloric acid) and hydrolysis methods (heat treatment (water bath) and mild ultrasonic treatment at 20%, 40% or 60% amplitude) were investigated on the properties of sericin hydrolysate (SH). Furthermore, solvent effects (distilled water and 15% ethanol) were examined for the properties of the sericin films incorporated with selected SH. The SH samples from acid hydrolysis and the ultrasonic method had a darkened visual appearance. However, the degree of hydrolysis and antioxidant activity of SH increased with ultrasonic-assisted acid hydrolysis. The molecular weight (MW) of sericin was notably reduced. As expected, hydrochloric acid hydrolysis resulted in a lower MW for the SH than from citric acid. Thus, SH from hydrochloric acid and 20% amplitude in the ultrasonic method were selected to produce a sericin film. As revealed, using distilled water as a general solvent provided films with lower solubility and water vapor permeability but higher tensile strength. Furthermore, the addition of SH enhanced the antioxidant properties of its hydrolysate as a novel protein packaging film material for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitrawadee Meerasri
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Kamphaengsaen, Kasetsart UniversityKamphaengsaen CampusNakhonpathom73140 Thailand
| | - Rungsima Chollakup
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industry Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart UniversityBangkok 10900Thailand
| | - Rungsinee Sothornvit
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Kamphaengsaen, Kasetsart UniversityKamphaengsaen CampusNakhonpathom73140 Thailand
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Lee JH, Park BK, Um IC. Preparation of Highly Crystalline Silk Nanofibrils and Their Use in the Improvement of the Mechanical Properties of Silk Films. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911344. [PMID: 36232641 PMCID: PMC9570172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their commendable biocompatibility, regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) films have attracted considerable research interest. However, the poor mechanical properties of RSF films have limited their use in various biomedical applications. In this study, a novel, highly crystalline silk fibril was successfully extracted from silk by combining degumming with ultrasonication. Ultrasonication accelerated the development of silk nanofibrils measuring 130–200 nm on the surface of the over-degummed silk fibers, which was confirmed via scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the crystallinity index of silk fibril was found to be significantly higher (~68%) than that of conventionally degummed silk (~54%), as confirmed by the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results. Furthermore, the breaking strength and elongation of the RSF film were increased 1.6 fold and 3.4 fold, respectively, following the addition of 15% silk nanofibrils. Thus, the mechanical properties of the RSF film were remarkably improved by the addition of the silk nanofibrils, implying that it can be used as an excellent reinforcing material for RSF films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Lee
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Park
- Buildings and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Guo K, Zhang X, Zhao D, Qin L, Jiang W, Hu W, Liu X, Xia Q, Dong Z, Zhao P. Identification and characterization of sericin5 reveals non-cocoon silk sericin components with high β-sheet content and adhesive strength. Acta Biomater 2022; 150:96-110. [PMID: 35902035 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Sericins are glue proteins on the surface of silk fibers. Four sericins have been characterized in silkworm, namely sericin1 (Ser1), sericin2 (Ser2), sericin3 (Ser3), and sericin4 (Ser4). In this study, we report a novel sericin, sericin5 (Ser5), which exists only in non-cocoon silk. We describe the sequence, exon-intron structure, and translation products of Ser5 in Bombyx mori. The Ser5 gene is approximately 22-kb long and comprises 16 exons. Ser5 protein has a size of 260 kDa, as determined by SDS-PAGE, western blot, and LC-MS/MS. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Ser5 co-localizes with Ser1 in the sericin layer. The expression pattern of Ser5 was detected at the transcriptional and translational levels. We systematically analyzed and compared the amino acid composition, repeat regions, and hydrophilicity of silkworm sericins. Morphological observations showed that non-cocoon silk had more sericin than cocoon silk. Circular dichroism spectra revealed that non-cocoon silk sericin contained more β-sheet structures than cocoon silk sericin. In addition, we found that the hydrophilicity and adhesive strength of native sericin increases gradually from the inner layer to the outer layer. This research enhances our understanding of various sericins from cocoon silk and non-cocoon silk with regard to their expression patterns, hydrophilicity, secondary structure and adhesive performances. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : Sericin is a natural biomaterial with diverse biological properties, which has long been used as tissue engineering and biomedical applications. However, the composition and distribution of sericins in different kinds of silk are still uncertain, and the properties difference between sericins have not yet been reported. Our study makes a significant contribution to the literature as it identifies the sequence, composition, hydrophilicity and adhesive property of sericins. Moreover, it provides key insights into the structure-function and function-distribution relationships associated with sericins. We believe that this study will arouse the interest to the readership of your journal as it identifies the new complete sequence of sericin and revealed the composition and properties of sericin, thus highlighting their future potentials applications in both the biomaterial and technical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Sericulture Genome and Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Sericulture Genome and Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dongchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Sericulture Genome and Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lixia Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Sericulture Genome and Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenchao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhaoming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Sericulture Genome and Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.; Sericulture Genome and Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Cherng JH, Chang SJ, Chiu YK, Chiu YH, Fang TJ, Chen HC. Low Molecular Weight Sericin Enhances the In Vitro of Immunological Modulation and Cell Migration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:925197. [PMID: 35928949 PMCID: PMC9343859 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.925197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sericin, a waste product of the silk textile industry, has favorable physicochemical and biological properties. In this study, we extracted a low molecular weight (MW) sericin (LMW-sericin; below 10 kDa) by a performing high-temperature and high-pressure method and confirmed the MW using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we determined its biological effects on macrophages and human adipose stem cells (hASCs) as cell models to investigate the biocompatibility, immunomodulation behavior, and potential signaling pathway-related wound healing via analyses of gene expression of focal adhesion and human cytokines and chemokines using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and cytokine assay. LMW-sericin showed good biocompatibility both in macrophages and hASCs. Macrophages cultured with 0.1 mg/ml LMW-sericin displayed an improved inflammatory response shown by the upregulation of CXCL9, IL12A, BMP7, and IL10, which developed Th1 and Th2 balance. LMW-sericin also improved the differentiation of macrophages toward the M2 phenotype by significantly enhancing the expression of Arg-1, which is conducive to the repair of the inflammatory environment. Moreover, the gene expression of hASCs showed that LMW-sericin promoted the secretion of beneficial adhesion molecules that potentially activate the gene transcription of differentiation and migration in hASCs, as well as significantly enhanced the levels of PKCβ1, RhoA, and RasGFR1 as fruitful molecules in wound healing. These findings provide insights into LMW-sericin application as a potential biomaterial for wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juin-Hong Cherng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jen Chang
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Kwan Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics Songshan Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Chiu
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Jing Fang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chen
- Division of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hsiang-Cheng Chen,
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15
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Ma Y, Zhou L, Yang C, Wang L, Yi S, Tong X, Xiao B, Chen J. Comparison of Sericins from Different Sources as Natural Therapeutics against Ulcerative Colitis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4626-4636. [PMID: 34469125 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sericin has become a promising natural anti-inflammatory protein. However, the biological functions of sericins largely depend on their origins; no study has yet been carried out to comparatively investigate the therapeutic effects of sericins from different sources against inflammatory diseases. Herein, we extracted and purified three kinds of sericins, namely silkworm sericin (SS), tussah sericin (TS), and castor silk sericin (CSS). These sericins showed negligible cytotoxicities against colitis-associated cells (colon epitheliums and activated macrophages). Further investigations displayed that these sericins could remarkably downregulate the secreted amounts of TNF-α, promote the recovery of the damaged colonic epithelial barrier, and eliminate endogenous reactive oxygen species in Raw 264.7 macrophages and Caenorhabditis elegans. In vivo experiments demonstrated that chitosan/alginate hydrogel-encapsulating SS could achieve efficient accumulation of SS in the colitis tissues and thereby play a more effective role in relieving ulcerative colitis (UC) than TS and CSS. Our findings collectively demonstrate that SS can be extracted, formulated, and used as a robust therapeutic agent for the oral treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Digestive Disease Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lingshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Sixiong Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jiucun Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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16
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Bae YS, Um IC. Effects of Fabrication Conditions on Structure and Properties of Mechanically Prepared Natural Silk Web and Non-Woven Fabrics. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13101578. [PMID: 34069044 PMCID: PMC8156477 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, natural silk web and natural silk non-woven fabric were prepared mechanically using the binding character of the sericin in silk. The effect of process variables on the preparation, structure, and properties of the silk web and the non-woven fabric was examined. The reeling velocity affected the morphology and mechanical properties of the web but had almost no influence on the crystalline structure of the silk. From the viewpoint of reel-ability and the mechanical properties (work of rupture) of silk web, a reeling velocity of 39.2 m/min represented the optimal processing velocity. The porosity and swelling ratio of the silk web decreased slightly with increasing reeling velocity. Furthermore, the reeling bath temperature had a significant effect on the reel-ability of silk filaments from a silkworm cocoon. Bath temperatures ≥50 °C yielded good reel-ability (>900 m reeling length). The porosity, swelling ratio in water, and mechanical properties of the silk web and silk non-woven fabric changed only slightly with the reeling bath temperature but changed significantly with the hot press treatment. The hot-pressed silk web (i.e., silk non-woven fabric) exhibited higher tensile strength as well as lower elongation at break, porosity, and swelling ratio than the silk web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Su Bae
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - In-Chul Um
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-7757; Fax: +82-53-950-6744
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17
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Hou TC, Jeng SC. Application of Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin Films for Liquid-Crystal Devices. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8575-8580. [PMID: 35019628 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible and biodegradable silk fibroin films show promise as an eco-friendly biomaterial with excellent mechanical, thermal, and optical transparency properties. In contrast, polyimide (PI) films adopted in the liquid-crystal display (LCD) industry for aligning LC molecules are synthesized using toxic chemicals, which are nonrecyclable and nonbiodegradable. In this work, Bombyx mori silk fibroin films are fabricated from the aqueous solution and applied as alignment films for LCDs. The thermal properties of the prepared regenerated silk fibroin materials under different heat treatment temperatures are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crystallinity of different heat-treated silk fibroin materials is determined by infrared spectroscopy. The silk fibroin film treated at a higher temperature exhibits better thermal stability due to the higher crystallinity of the β-form structure. The LCDs using silk fibroin alignment films show a low pretilt angle of 0.5° and an anchoring energy of ∼10-3 J/m2 similar to those of the conventional polyimide films.
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18
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Silk sericin-enhanced microstructured bacterial cellulose as tissue engineering scaffold towards prospective gut repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:502-510. [PMID: 31147021 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As a first step towards the production of functional cell sheets applicable for the regeneration of gut muscle layer, microstructured bacterial cellulose (mBC) was assessed for its ability to support the growth of enteric nervous system (ENS) and gut smooth muscle cells (SMCs). To improve the cellular response, mBC was modified with silk sericin (SS) which has renowned abilities in supporting tissue regeneration. While SS did not impair the line structures imparted to BC by PDMS templates, similarly to the patterns, it affected its physical properties, ultimately leading to variations in the behavior of cells cultured onto these substrates. Enabled by the stripes on mBC, both SMCs and ENS cells were aligned in vitro, presenting the in vivo-like morphology essential for peristalsis and gut function. Interestingly, cell growth and differentiation remarkably enhanced upon SS addition to the samples, indicating the promise of the mBC-SS constructs as biomaterial not only for gut engineering, but also for tissues where cellular alignment is required for function, namely the heart, blood vessels, and similars.
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19
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Sun CQ. Aqueous charge injection: solvation bonding dynamics, molecular nonbond interactions, and extraordinary solute capabilities. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2018.1544446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Q. Sun
- EBEAM, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- NOVITAS, EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Park CJ, Ryoo J, Ki CS, Kim JW, Kim IS, Bae DG, Um IC. Effect of molecular weight on the structure and mechanical properties of silk sericin gel, film, and sponge. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:821-832. [PMID: 30081122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of the MW on the structure and properties of sericin film, sponge, and gel was examined. As the MW of sericin increased, the gelation of the sericin aqueous solution was found to be accelerated, and the gel strength, and the gel-sol transition temperature increased. Irrespective of the casting solvent (water and formic acid) and form of sericin (gel, film, or sponge), the crystallization of the sericins was accelerated. The mechanical properties of the sericin sponge were remarkably improved upon increasing the MW of sericin. The MW of sericin almost did not have an effect on the cell toxicity. As the MW of sericin is increased, the sericin sponge becomes denser and its porosity is reduced, leading to a decrease in the swelling ratio. These results indicate that various characteristics of the sericin forms can be modulated by controlling the MW of sericin, with enhanced potential for biomedical and cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Jin Park
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyeon Ryoo
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seok Ki
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wook Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Soo Kim
- Nano Fusion Technology Research Group, Division of Frontier Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture 386-8567, Japan
| | - Do Gyu Bae
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Sparkes J, Holland C. The rheological properties of native sericin. Acta Biomater 2018; 69:234-242. [PMID: 29408618 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unlike spider silk, spinning silkworm silk has the added intricacy of being both fibre and micron-thick glue-like coating. Whilst the natural flow properties of the fibre feedstock fibroin are now becoming more established, our understanding of the coating sericin is extremely limited and thus presents both a gap in our knowledge and a hindrance to successful exploitation of these materials. In this study we characterise sericin feedstock from the silkworm Bombyx mori in its native state and by employing both biochemical, rheological and spectroscopic tools, define a natural gold standard. Our results demonstrate that native sericin behaves as a viscoelastic shear thinning fluid, but that it does so at a considerably lower viscosity than its partner fibroin, and that its upper critical shear rate (onset of gelation) lies above that of fibroin. Together these findings provide the first evidence that in addition to acting as a binder in the construction of the cocoon, sericin is capable of lubricating the flow of fibroin within the silk gland, which has implications for future processing, modelling and biomimetic use of these materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study addresses one of the major gaps in our knowledge regarding natural silk spinning by providing rigorous rheological characterisation of the other major protein involved - sericin. This allows progress in silk flow modelling, biomimetic system design, and in assessing the quality of bioinspired and waste sericin materials by providing a better understanding of the native, undegraded system.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Sparkes
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S. Yorks S1 3JD, UK
| | - Chris Holland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S. Yorks S1 3JD, UK.
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23
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Zhang Q, Cui L, Wang P, Deng C, Wang Q, Fan X. Improving properties of silk sericin membranes via enzymatic oxidation with laccase and TEMPO. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2017; 65:372-380. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Deng
- Wuxi Medical SchoolJiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
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Yu K, Lu F, Li Q, Zou Y, Xiao Y, Lu B, Liu J, Dai F, Wu D, Lan G. Accelerated wound-healing capabilities of a dressing fabricated from silkworm cocoon. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:901-913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Lee JH, Bae YS, Kim SJ, Song DW, Park YH, Bae DG, Choi JH, Um IC. Preparation of new natural silk non-woven fabrics by using adhesion characteristics of sericin and their characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 106:39-47. [PMID: 28774806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electro-spun regenerated silk webs have been extensively studied for biomedical applications because of the simplicity of their fabrication methods However, the productivity of the electro-spinning process is low for web fabrication and the mechanical properties of the electro-spun silk web are not satisfactory, which restricts its commercialization. In this study, a new silk non-woven fabric was successfully fabricated by wetting and hot press treatments using the excellent binding characteristic of sericin. The effects of the press temperature and residual sericin content on the preparation, structure, and properties of the silk non-woven fabric were examined. A press temperature of 200°C was optimum for obtaining non-woven fabrics with best mechanical properties, without yellowing. The silk non-woven fabric could not be fabricated without sericin, and a minimum of 8% sericin was required to fabricate it. As the sericin content was increased, the strength and Young's modulus of the silk non-woven fabric increased, while the tensile elongation remained constant. Regardless of the press temperature and sericin content, all the silk non-woven fabrics showed good cell viability, comparable to that of the tissue culture plate (TCP) used as a control until 4days, which however decreased compared to that of TCP after 7days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Lee
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Su Bae
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woong Song
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Park
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Gyu Bae
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Choi
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Jang MJ, Um IC. Effect of sericin concentration and ethanol content on gelation behavior, rheological properties, and sponge characteristics of silk sericin. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kim HJ, Kim MK, Lee KH, Nho SK, Han MS, Um IC. Effect of degumming methods on structural characteristics and properties of regenerated silk. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:294-302. [PMID: 28601646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of different degumming methods on the structural characteristics and properties of regenerated silk fibroin (SF) were examined. The crystallinity index of the degummed silk increased with the degumming ratio. The crystallinity index at any given degumming ratio differed depending on the degumming method. The soda method and the soap/soda method using sodium carbonate resulted in a higher crystallinity index than the other methods The degumming method strongly affects the molecular weight (MW) and solution viscosity of the regenerated SF. The MW and viscosity of the regenerated SF, according to the degumming method, was in the order of urea method>HTHP method≈acid method>soap/soda method≈soda method. The turbidity of a silk formic acid solution decreased as a result of increasing the degumming ratio and was a minimum at a degumming ratio of around 26%. However, it was not affected by the degumming method. The mechanical properties of a regenerated SF film were strongly affected by the degumming method and the trend in the strength and elongation with the various degumming methods was the same as that of the MW and viscosity of the regenerated SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Kim
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kon Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Lee
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Kab Nho
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sae Han
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Xu Y, Zou L, Lu H, Kang T. Effect of different solvent systems on PHBV/PEO electrospun fibers. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of non-hazardous solvent systems is an important factor that can significantly influence fiber formation during polymer electrospinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tingjie Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- People's Republic of China
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29
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Park CJ, Um IC. Effect of centrifugation on the structure and properties of silk sericin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7852/ijie.2016.33.2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kunz RI, Brancalhão RMC, Ribeiro LDFC, Natali MRM. Silkworm Sericin: Properties and Biomedical Applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8175701. [PMID: 27965981 PMCID: PMC5124675 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8175701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Silk sericin is a natural polymer produced by silkworm, Bombyx mori, which surrounds and keeps together two fibroin filaments in silk thread used in the cocoon. The recovery and reuse of sericin usually discarded by the textile industry not only minimizes environmental issues but also has a high scientific and commercial value. The physicochemical properties of the molecule are responsible for numerous applications in biomedicine and are influenced by the extraction method and silkworm lineage, which can lead to variations in molecular weight and amino acid concentration of sericin. The presence of highly hydrophobic amino acids and its antioxidant potential make it possible for sericin to be applied in the food and cosmetic industry. The moisturizing power allows indications as a therapeutic agent for wound healing, stimulating cell proliferation, protection against ultraviolet radiation, and formulating creams and shampoos. The antioxidant activity associated with low digestibility of sericin that expands the application in the medical field, such as antitumour, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent, anticoagulant, acts in colon health, improving constipation and protects the body from obesity through improved plasma lipid profile. In addition, the properties of sericin allow its application as a culture medium and cryopreservation, in tissue engineering and for drug delivery, demonstrating its effective use, as an important biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Inês Kunz
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná, Rua Universitária, 2069, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná, Rua Universitária, 2069, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Raquel Marçal Natali
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Kwak HW, Shin M, Yun H, Lee KH. Preparation of Silk Sericin/Lignin Blend Beads for the Removal of Hexavalent Chromium Ions. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1466. [PMID: 27598142 PMCID: PMC5037744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, novel adsorbents having high adsorption capability and reusability were prepared using agricultural by-products: silk sericin and lignin. Silk sericin and lignin blend beads were successfully prepared using simple coagulation methods for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solution. A 1 M lithium chloride (LiCl)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent system successfully dissolved both sericin and lignin and had sufficient viscosity for bead preparation. Compared to the conventional sericin bead adsorbent, sericin/lignin blend beads showed higher Cr(VI) adsorption capacity. The amount of lignin added to the adsorbent greatly affected the adsorption capacity of the beads, and a 50:50 sericin/lignin blend ratio was optimal. Adsorption behavior followed the Freundlich isotherm, which means the adsorption of Cr(VI) occurred on the heterogeneous surface. Cr(VI) adsorption capability increased with temperature because of thermodynamic-kinetic effects. In addition, over 90% of Cr(VI) ions were recovered from the Cr(VI) adsorbed sericin/lignin beads in a 1 M NaOH solution. The adsorption-desorption recycling process was stable for more than seven cycles, and the recycling efficiency was 82%. It is expected that the sericin/lignin beads could be successfully applied in wastewater remediation especially for hazardous Cr(VI) ions in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Won Kwak
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - Munju Shin
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - Haesung Yun
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - Ki Hoon Lee
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
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Vulpe R, Le Cerf D, Dulong V, Popa M, Peptu C, Verestiuc L, Picton L. Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronanic acid, collagen and sericin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:388-97. [PMID: 27612727 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology. This reaction was performed via amide or ester bond reaction activated by carbodiimide, in pure water. Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime. Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour. Sericin exhibited Newtonian low viscosity behaviour according to its very low molar mass. Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology. During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin). At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems. This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen). The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network. SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition. All the elaborated hydrogels were non-cytotoxic in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Vulpe
- "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, 73 Prof. Dr. docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Didier Le Cerf
- Normandie Université, France; Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France; CNRS UMR 6270 & FR3038, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Virginie Dulong
- Normandie Université, France; Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France; CNRS UMR 6270 & FR3038, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Marcel Popa
- "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, 73 Prof. Dr. docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, 54, Sector 5, 050094, Bucuresti, Romania; "Apollonia" University of Iași, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Muzicii Avenue, 2, 700399, Iasi, Romania
| | - Catalina Peptu
- "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, 73 Prof. Dr. docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liliana Verestiuc
- "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Biological Sciences, 9-13 Kogalniceanu Street, 700454 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luc Picton
- Normandie Université, France; Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France; CNRS UMR 6270 & FR3038, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France.
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Lee JH, Song DW, Park YH, Um IC. Effect of residual sericin on the structural characteristics and properties of regenerated silk films. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 89:273-8. [PMID: 27126168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Regenerated silk film has been increasingly attracting the research community's attention for biomedical applications due to its good biocompatibility and excellent cyto-compatibility. However, some limitations regarding its mechanical properties, such as brittleness, have restricted the use of silk films for industrial biomedical applications. In this study, regenerated silk films with different residual sericin content were prepared applying controlled degumming conditions to evaluate the effect of sericin content on the structure and properties of the films generated. When the residual sericin content increased to 0.6%, crystallinity index and breaking strength of silk films were increased. Above this value, these parameters then decreased. A 1.5 fold increase of silk film elongation properties was obtained when incorporating 16% sericin. Regardless of sericin content, all regenerated silk films showed excellent cyto-compatibility, comparable to the one obtained with tissue culture plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Lee
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woong Song
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Park
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Bio-fibers and Materials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Xu J, Zhang W, Gao X, Meng W, Guan J. Strain Rate and Anisotropic Microstructure Dependent Mechanical Behaviors of Silkworm Cocoon Shells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149931. [PMID: 26939063 PMCID: PMC4777412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Silkworm cocoons are multi-layered composite structures comprised of high strength silk fiber and sericin, and their mechanical properties have been naturally selected to protect pupas during metamorphosis from various types of external attacks. The present study attempts to gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of cocoon shell materials from wild silkworm species Antheraea pernyi under dynamic loading rates. Five dynamic strain rates from 0.00625 s-1 to 12.5 s-1 are tested to show the strain rate sensitivity of the cocoon shell material. In the meantime, the anisotropy of the cocoon shell is considered and the cocoon shell specimens are cut along 0°, 45° and 90° orientation to the short axis of cocoons. Typical mechanical properties including Young’s modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength and ultimate strain are extracted and analyzed from the stress-strain curves. Furthermore, the fracture morphologies of the cocoon shell specimens are observed under scanning electron microscopy to help understand the relationship between the mechanical properties and the microstructures of the cocoon material. A discussion on the dynamic strain rate effect on the mechanical properties of cocoon shell material is followed by fitting our experimental results to two previous models, and the effect could be well explained. We also compare natural and dried cocoon materials for the dynamic strain rate effect and interestingly the dried cocoon shells show better overall mechanical properties. This study provides a different perspective on the mechanical properties of cocoon material as a composite material, and provides some insight for bio-inspired engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Automotive Engineering, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Vehicle Research Center, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for High-efficient Power Transmission and System Control of New Energy Resource Vehicle, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JX); (JG)
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Transportation Engineering, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Automotive Engineering, School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanlin Meng
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Guan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JX); (JG)
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35
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Jo YN, Park BD, Um IC. Effect of storage and drying temperature on the gelation behavior and structural characteristics of sericin. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:936-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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36
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Chung DE, Lee JH, Kweon H, Lee KG, Um IC. Structure and properties of silk sericin obtained from different silkworm varieties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.7852/ijie.2015.30.2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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