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Zhang X, Sun S, Zhao W, Wang L, Liang G, Wang Y, Cai B, Zhang L, Li X, Zhang S. A single-pass type I membrane protein, mannose-specific L-type lectin, potentially involved in the adhesion and invasion of Cryptosporidium parvum. Parasite 2024; 31:51. [PMID: 39212528 PMCID: PMC11363900 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2024051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a globally distributed zoonotic protozoan parasite that can cause severe diarrhea in humans and animals. L-type lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins involved in multiple pathways in animals and plants, including protein transportation, secretion, innate immunity, and the unfolded protein response signaling pathway. However, the biological function of the L-type lectins remains unknown in Cryptosporidium parvum. Here, we preliminarily characterized an L-type lectin in C. parvum (CpLTL) that contains a lectin-leg-like domain. Immunofluorescence assay confirmed that CpLTL is located on the wall of oocysts, the surface of the mid-anterior region of the sporozoite and the cytoplasm of merozoites. The involvement of CpLTL in parasite invasion is partly supported by experiments showing that an anti-CpLTL antibody could partially block the invasion of C. parvum sporozoites into host cells. Moreover, the recombinant CpLTL showed binding ability with mannose and the surface of host cells, and competitively inhibited the invasion of C. parvum. Two host cell proteins were identified by proteomics which should be prioritized for future validation of CpLTL-binding. Our data indicated that CpLTL is potentially involved in the adhesion and invasion of C. parvum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Songying Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Luyang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Guanda Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Baiyi Cai
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35249 USA
| | - Longxian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhengzhou 450046 Henan PR China
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Agu I, José IR, Díaz-Muñoz SL. Influenza A defective viral genome production is altered by metabolites, metabolic signaling molecules, and cyanobacteria extracts. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.04.602134. [PMID: 39005323 PMCID: PMC11245085 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.04.602134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
RNA virus infections are composed of a diverse mix of viral genomes that arise from low fidelity in replication within cells. The interactions between "defective" and full-length viral genomes have been shown to shape pathogenesis, leading to intense research into employing these to develop novel antivirals. In particular, Influenza A defective viral genomes (DVGs) have been associated with milder clinical outcomes. Yet, the full potential of DVGs as broad-spectrum antivirals remains untapped due to the unknown mechanisms of their de novo production. Much of the research into the factors affecting defective viral genome production has focused on the virus, while the role of the host has been neglected. We recently showed that altering host cell metabolism away from pro-growth pathways using alpelisib increased the production of Influenza A defective viral genomes. To uncover other drugs that could induce infections to create more DVGs, we subjected active influenza infections of the two circulating human subtypes (A/H1N1 & A/H3N2) to a screen of metabolites, metabolic signaling molecules, and cyanobacteria-derived biologics, after which we quantified the defective viral genomes (specifically deletion-containing viral genomes, DelVGs) and total viral genomes using third generation long-read sequencing. Here we show that metabolites and signaling molecules of host cell central carbon metabolism can significantly alter DelVG production early in Influenza A infection. Adenosine, emerged as a potent inducer of defective viral genomes, significantly amplifying DelVG production across both subtypes. Insulin had similar effects, albeit subtype-specific, predominantly enhancing polymerase segment DVGs in TX12 infections. Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle inhibitors 4-octyl itaconate and UK5099, along with the purine analog favipiravir, increased total viral genome production across subtypes. Cyanobacterial extracts primarily affected DVG and total viral genome production in TX12, with a specific, almost complete shutdown of influenza antigenic segments. These results underscore the influence of host metabolic pathways on DVG production and suggest new avenues for antiviral intervention, including PI3K-AKT and Ras-MAPK signaling pathways, TCA cycle metabolism, purine-pyrimidine metabolism, polymerase inhibition, and cyanotherapeutic approaches. More broadly, our findings suggest that the social interactions observed between defective and full-length viral genomes, depend not only on the viral actors, but can be altered by the stage provided by the host. Our study advances our fundamental understanding of DVG production mechanisms and highlights the potential of targeting host metabolism to develop broad-spectrum influenza therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilechukwu Agu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of California, Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616
| | - Ivy R José
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of California, Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616
| | - Samuel L Díaz-Muñoz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of California, Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616
- Genome Center University of California, Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616
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Mohanty SS, Mohanty K. Valorization of Chlorella thermophila biomass cultivated in dairy wastewater for biopesticide production against bacterial rice blight: a circular biorefinery approach. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:644. [PMID: 38097976 PMCID: PMC10722807 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Biopesticides offer a sustainable and efficient alternative to synthetic pesticides, providing a safer and more eco-friendly solution to pest management. The present work proposes an innovative approach that integrates crop protection and wastewater treatment using thermophilic microalgal strain Chlorella thermophila (CT) cultivated in nutrient-rich dairy wastewater as a growth medium. The microalgae was cultivated mixotrophically and was able to reduce both organic carbon as well as nutrient load of the dairy wastewater efficiently. The integrated circular biorefinery approach combines biomass cultivation, extraction of biopesticide compounds, and conversion to biocrude. The antimicrobial activity of the biopesticidal extracts against Xanthomonas oryzae and Pantoea agglomerans, the causative agent of bacterial rice blight, is assessed through in vitro studies. The biomass extract obtained is able to inhibit the growth of both the above-mentioned plant pathogens successfully. Mass spectroscopy analysis indicates the presence of Neophytadiene that has previously been reported for the inhibition of several pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Several other value-added products such as linoleic acid and nervonic acids were also been detected in the microalgal biomass which have extremely high nutraceutical and medicinal values. Furthermore, the study investigates the potential for co-production of biocrude from the biorefinery process via hydrothermal liquefaction. Overall, the findings of this present work represent an innovative and sustainable approach that combines wastewater treatment and crop protection using microalgal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Sundar Mohanty
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India.
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Zhang R, Zhang XZ, Guo X, Han LL, Wang BN, Zhang X, Liu RD, Cui J, Wang ZQ. The protective immunity induced by Trichinella spiralis galectin against larval challenge and the potential of galactomannan as a novel adjuvant. Res Vet Sci 2023; 165:105075. [PMID: 37931574 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that recombinant Trichinella spiralis galectin (rTsgal) promoted larval invasion of gut epithelial cells, while anti-rTsgal antibodies inhibited the invasion. Galactomannan (GM) is a polysaccharide capable of regulating immune response. The aim of this study was to evaluate protective immunity induced by rTsgal immunization and the potential of GM as a novel adjuvant. The results showed that vaccination of mice with rTsgal+ISA201 and rTsgal+GM elicited a Th1/Th2 immune response. Mice immunized with rTsgal+ISA201 and rTsgal+GM exhibited significantly higher levels of serum anti-rTsgal antibodies, mucosal sIgA and cellular immune responses, but level of specific antibodies and cytokines of rTsgal+GM group was lower than the rTsgal+ISA201 group. Immunization of mice with rTsgal+ISA201 and rTsgal+GM showed a 50.5 and 40.16% reduction of intestinal adults, and 52.04 and 37.53% reduction of muscle larvae after challenge. Moreover, the numbers of goblet cells and expression level of mucin 2, Muc5ac and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in gut tissues of vaccinated mice were obviously decreased, while Th2 inducing cytokine (IL-4) expression was evidently increased. Galactomannan enhanced protective immunity, alleviated intestinal and muscle inflammation of infected mice. The results indicated that rTsgal+ISA201 vaccination induced a more prominent gut local as well as systemic immune response and protection compared to rTsgal+GM vaccination. The results suggested that Tsgal could be considered as a candidate vaccine target against Trichinella infection and galactomannan might be a potential novel candidate adjuvant of anti-Trichinella vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xin Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lu Lu Han
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Bo Ning Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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5
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Xu T, Cui Y, Qin S, Wang YC. Genome-wide analysis of lectins in cyanobacteria: from evolutionary mode to motif patterns. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:688. [PMID: 37974077 PMCID: PMC10655256 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins are glycoproteins that can bind to specific carbohydrates, and different lectin families exhibit different biological activities. They are also present in the cyanobacteria and many of them have shown excellent therapeutic effect, which deserve for bioprospecting. However, in comparison to those from terrestrial plants, the current knowledge on cyanobacterial lectins is very limited. To this end, genome-wide analyses were performed to find out their evolutionary mode and motif patterns in 316 genomes of representative taxa. In results, 196 putative cyanobacterial lectins were dig out and 105 of them were classified into known families. Seven lectins were found to be belonged to distinct two lectin families, and they may have the potential activities of both lectin families. Whereas no MFP-2, Chitin, and Nictaba family lectins were found. What's more, the Legume lectin-like lectin family was found to be the richest and most complex in cyanobacteria, which could be a main research direction for future cyanobacterial lectin bioprospecting and development. Our classification and prediction of cyanobacteria lectins is expected to provide assistance in the development of lectin-based medicine and provide solutions to the current thorny viral and tumor diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongli Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250335, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yulin Cui
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yin-Chu Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, 100190, China.
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6
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Singh U, Gandhi HA, Bhattacharya J, Tandon R, Tiwari GL, Tandon R. Cyanometabolites: molecules with immense antiviral potential. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:164. [PMID: 37012452 PMCID: PMC10069739 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanometabolites are active compounds derived from cyanobacteria that include small low molecular weight peptides, oligosaccharides, lectins, phenols, fatty acids, and alkaloids. Some of these compounds may pose a threat to human and environment. However, majority of them are known to have various health benefits with antiviral properties against pathogenic viruses including Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Influenza A virus (IAV) etc. Cyanometabolites classified as lectins include scytovirin (SVN), Oscillatoria agardhii agglutinin (OAAH), cyanovirin-N (CV-N), Microcystis viridis lectin (MVL), and microvirin (MVN) also possess a potent antiviral activity against viral diseases with unique properties to recognize different viral epitopes. Studies showed that a small linear peptide, microginin FR1, isolated from a water bloom of Microcystis species, inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), making it useful for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our review provides an overview of the antiviral properties of cyanobacteria from the late 90s till now and emphasizes the significance of their metabolites in combating viral diseases, particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has received limited attention in previous publications. The enormous medicinal potential of cyanobacteria is also emphasized in this review, which justifies their use as a dietary supplement to fend off pandemics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Harsh A Gandhi
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jaydeep Bhattacharya
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ravi Tandon
- Laboratory of AIDS Research and Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - G L Tiwari
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Richa Tandon
- Department of Botany, S. S. Khanna Girls Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211003, India.
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Hao HN, Lu QQ, Wang Z, Li YL, Long SR, Dan Liu R, Cui J, Wang ZQ. Mannose facilitates Trichinella spiralis expulsion from the gut and alleviates inflammation of intestines and muscles in mice. Acta Trop 2023; 241:106897. [PMID: 36931335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Trichinellosis is a major zoonotic parasitosis which is a vital risk to meat food safety. It is requisite to exploit new strategy to interdict food animal Trichinella infection and to obliterate Trichinella from food animals to ensure meat safety. Mannose is an oligosaccharide that specifically binds to the carbohydrate-recognition domain of C-type lectin; it has many physiological functions including reliving inflammation and regulating immune reaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the suppressive role of mannose on T. spiralis larval invasion and infection, its effect on intestinal and muscle inflammation, and immune responses after challenge. The results showed that compared to the saline-treated infected mice, the mannose-treated infected mice had less intestinal adult and muscle worm burdens, mild inflammation of intestine and muscle of infected mice. The levels of specific anti-Trichinella IgG (IgG1/IgG2a), IgA and sIgA in mannose-treated infected mice were obviously inferior to saline-treated infected mice (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the levels of two cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4) in mannose-treated infected mice were also significantly lower than the saline-treated infected mice (P < 0.01). The protective effect of the mannose against Trichinella infection might be not related to specific antibody and cellular immune responses. The above results demonstrated that mannose could be considered as a novel adjuvant therapeutic agent for anti-Trichinella drugs to block larval invasion at early stage of Trichinella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Nan Hao
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qi Qi Lu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yang Li Li
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shao Rong Long
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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8
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Hao HN, Song YY, Ma KN, Wang BN, Long SR, Liu RD, Zhang X, Wang ZQ, Cui J. A novel C-type lectin from Trichinella spiralis mediates larval invasion of host intestinal epithelial cells. Vet Res 2022; 53:85. [PMID: 36258242 PMCID: PMC9580147 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of a novel type C lectin from Trichinella spiralis (TsCTL) and its role in larval invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). TsCTL has a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of C-type lectin. The full-length TsCTL cDNA sequence was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The results of qPCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) showed that TsCTL was a surface and secretory protein that was highly expressed at the T. spiralis intestinal infective larva (IIL) stages and primarily located at the cuticle, stichosome and embryos of the parasite. rTsCTL could specifically bind with IECs, and the binding site was localized in the IEC nucleus and cytoplasm. The IFA results showed that natural TsCTL was secreted and bound to the enteral epithelium at the intestinal stage of T. spiralis infection. The rTsCTL had a haemagglutinating effect on murine erythrocytes, while mannose was able to inhibit the rTsCTL agglutinating effect for mouse erythrocytes. rTsCTL accelerated larval intrusion into the IECs, whereas anti-rTsCTL antibodies and mannose significantly impeded larval intrusion in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicated that TsCTL specifically binds to IECs and promotes larval invasion of intestinal epithelium, and it might be a potential target of vaccines against T. spiralis enteral stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Nan Hao
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yan Yan Song
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Kai Ning Ma
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Bo Ning Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Shao Rong Long
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
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9
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Armario-Najera V, Blanco-Perera A, Shenoy SR, Sun Y, Marfil S, Muñoz-Basagoiti J, Perez-Zsolt D, Blanco J, Izquierdo-Useros N, Capell T, O'Keefe BR, Christou P. Physicochemical characterization of the recombinant lectin scytovirin and microbicidal activity of the SD1 domain produced in rice against HIV-1. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1013-1023. [PMID: 35178612 PMCID: PMC9034974 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Rice-produced SD1 retains its physicochemical properties and provides efficient pre-exposure HIV-1 prophylaxis against infection in vitro. Scytovirin (SVN) is an HIV-neutralizing lectin that features two structural domains (SD1 and SD2) that bind to HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins. We expressed SD1 in rice seeds as a potential large-scale production platform and confirmed that rice-derived SD1 binds the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 in vitro. We analyzed the thermodynamic properties of SD1 compared to full-size SVN (produced in E. coli) by isothermal titration and differential scanning calorimetry to characterize the specific interactions between SVN/SD1 and gp120 as well as to high-mannose oligosaccharides. SVN bound with moderate affinity (Kd = 1.5 µM) to recombinant gp120, with 2.5-fold weaker affinity to nonamannoside (Kd of 3.9 µM), and with tenfold weaker affinity to tetramannoside (13.8 µM). The melting temperature (Tm) of full-size SVN was 59.1 °C and the enthalpy of unfolding (ΔHunf) was 16.4 kcal/mol, but the Tm fell when SVN bound to nonamannoside (56.5 °C) and twice as much energy was required for unfolding (ΔHunf = 33.5 kcal/mol). Interestingly, binding to tetramannoside destabilized the structure of SD1 (ΔTm ~ 11.5 °C) and doubled the enthalpy of unfolding, suggesting a dimerization event. The similar melting phenomenon shared by SVN and SD1 in the presence of oligomannose confirmed their conserved oligosaccharide-binding mechanisms. SD1 expressed in transgenic rice was able to neutralize HIV-1 in vitro. SD1 expressed in rice, therefore, is suitable as a microbicide component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Armario-Najera
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Amaya Blanco-Perera
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Shilpa R Shenoy
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Silvia Marfil
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, 08916, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Julià Blanco
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, 08916, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916, Badalona, Spain
- Chair of AIDS and Related Diseases, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Izquierdo-Useros
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, 08916, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Teresa Capell
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Barry R O'Keefe
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA.
- Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Paul Christou
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Barre A, Van Damme EJM, Klonjkowski B, Simplicien M, Sudor J, Benoist H, Rougé P. Legume Lectins with Different Specificities as Potential Glycan Probes for Pathogenic Enveloped Viruses. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030339. [PMID: 35159151 PMCID: PMC8834014 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic enveloped viruses are covered with a glycan shield that provides a dual function: the glycan structures contribute to virus protection as well as host cell recognition. The three classical types of N-glycans, in particular complex glycans, high-mannose glycans, and hybrid glycans, together with some O-glycans, participate in the glycan shield of the Ebola virus, influenza virus, human cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, human immunodeficiency virus, Lassa virus, and MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, which are responsible for respiratory syndromes. The glycans are linked to glycoproteins that occur as metastable prefusion glycoproteins on the surface of infectious virions such as gp120 of HIV, hemagglutinin of influenza, or spike proteins of beta-coronaviruses. Plant lectins with different carbohydrate-binding specificities and, especially, mannose-specific lectins from the Vicieae tribe, such as pea lectin and lentil lectin, can be used as glycan probes for targeting the glycan shield because of their specific interaction with the α1,6-fucosylated core Man3GlcNAc2, which predominantly occurs in complex and hybrid glycans. Other plant lectins with Neu5Ac specificity or GalNAc/T/Tn specificity can also serve as potential glycan probes for the often sialylated complex glycans and truncated O-glycans, respectively, which are abundantly distributed in the glycan shield of enveloped viruses. The biomedical and therapeutical potential of plant lectins as antiviral drugs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Barre
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (A.B.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Els J. M. Van Damme
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Bernard Klonjkowski
- UMR Virologie, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | - Mathias Simplicien
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (A.B.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Jan Sudor
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (A.B.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Hervé Benoist
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (A.B.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Pierre Rougé
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (A.B.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-069-552-0851
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11
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Algal and Cyanobacterial Lectins and Their Antimicrobial Properties. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120687. [PMID: 34940686 PMCID: PMC8707200 DOI: 10.3390/md19120687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins are proteins with a remarkably high affinity and specificity for carbohydrates. Many organisms naturally produce them, including animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria, archaea, and viruses. The present report focuses on lectins produced by marine or freshwater organisms, in particular algae and cyanobacteria. We explore their structure, function, classification, and antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, we look at the expression of lectins in heterologous systems and the current research on the preclinical and clinical evaluation of these fascinating molecules. The further development of these molecules might positively impact human health, particularly the prevention or treatment of diseases caused by pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus, influenza, and severe acute respiratory coronaviruses, among others.
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12
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Maier I, Schiestl RH, Kontaxis G. Cyanovirin-N Binds Viral Envelope Proteins at the Low-Affinity Carbohydrate Binding Site without Direct Virus Neutralization Ability. Molecules 2021; 26:3621. [PMID: 34199200 PMCID: PMC8231982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycan-targeting antibodies and pseudo-antibodies have been extensively studied for their stoichiometry, avidity, and their interactions with the rapidly modifying glycan shield of influenza A. Broadly neutralizing antiviral agents bind in the same order when they neutralize enveloped viruses regardless of the location of epitopes to the host receptor binding site. Herein, we investigated the binding of cyanovirin-N (CV-N) to surface-expressed glycoproteins such as those of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120, hemagglutinin (HA), and Ebola (GP)1,2 and compared their binding affinities with the binding response to the trimer-folded gp140 using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Binding-site knockout variants of an engineered dimeric CV-N molecule (CVN2) revealed a binding affinity that correlated with the number of (high-) affinity binding sites. Binding curves were specific for the interaction with N-linked glycans upon binding with two low-affinity carbohydrate binding sites. This biologically active assembly of a domain-swapped CVN2, or monomeric CV-N, bound to HA with a maximum KD of 2.7 nM. All three envelope spike proteins were recognized at a nanomolar KD, whereas binding to HIV neutralizing 2G12 by targeting HA and Ebola GP1,2 was measured in the µM range and specific for the bivalent binding scheme in SPR. In conclusion, invariant structural protein patterns provide a substrate for affinity maturation in the membrane-anchored HA regions, as well as the glycan shield on the membrane-distal HA top part. They can also induce high-affinity binding in antiviral CV-N to HA at two sites, and CVN2 binding is achieved at low-affinity binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Maier
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Robert H. Schiestl
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Georg Kontaxis
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Department of Structural and Computational Biology, University of Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria;
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13
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Air-assisted dispersive liquid phase microextraction coupled chromatography quantification for purification of therapeutic lectin from aloe vera – A potential COVID-19 immune booster. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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14
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Antiviral Cyanometabolites-A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030474. [PMID: 33810129 PMCID: PMC8004682 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Global processes, such as climate change, frequent and distant travelling and population growth, increase the risk of viral infection spread. Unfortunately, the number of effective and accessible medicines for the prevention and treatment of these infections is limited. Therefore, in recent years, efforts have been intensified to develop new antiviral medicines or vaccines. In this review article, the structure and activity of the most promising antiviral cyanobacterial products are presented. The antiviral cyanometabolites are mainly active against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other enveloped viruses such as herpes simplex virus (HSV), Ebola or the influenza viruses. The majority of the metabolites are classified as lectins, monomeric or dimeric proteins with unique amino acid sequences. They all show activity at the nanomolar range but differ in carbohydrate specificity and recognize a different epitope on high mannose oligosaccharides. The cyanobacterial lectins include cyanovirin-N (CV-N), scytovirin (SVN), microvirin (MVN), Microcystisviridis lectin (MVL), and Oscillatoria agardhii agglutinin (OAA). Cyanobacterial polysaccharides, peptides, and other metabolites also have potential to be used as antiviral drugs. The sulfated polysaccharide, calcium spirulan (CA-SP), inhibited infection by enveloped viruses, stimulated the immune system’s response, and showed antitumor activity. Microginins, the linear peptides, inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), therefore, their use in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with injury of the ACE2 expressing organs is considered. In addition, many cyanobacterial extracts were revealed to have antiviral activities, but the active agents have not been identified. This fact provides a good basis for further studies on the therapeutic potential of these microorganisms.
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15
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Carpine R, Sieber S. Antibacterial and antiviral metabolites from cyanobacteria: Their application and their impact on human health. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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16
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Saad MH, El-Fakharany EM, Salem MS, Sidkey NM. In vitro assessment of dual (antiviral and antitumor) activity of a novel lectin produced by the newly cyanobacterium isolate, Oscillatoria acuminate MHM-632 MK014210.1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:3560-3580. [PMID: 33200676 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1848632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel lectin was purified from newly cyanobacterium isolate, Oscillatoria acuminate MHM-632 MK014210.1 using affinity chromatography with a molecular weight of 120 kDa under native-PAGE and 30 kDa on reducing-PAGE, represented tetramer nature of this lectin. Oscillatorial lectin showed stability at 60 °C for 30 min, pH-dependent, with the highest activities over the pH range of 6-8, and required zinc ions to express its full activity. Oscillatorial lectin is a glycan-binding protein with a neutral carbohydrate content of 7.0% as evaluated by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. Polyols and α- glycosides polymer of mannose sugar or sugars alcohol were completely inhibited oscillatorial lectin with MIC of 0.195 mM, while β-glycosides sugars did not show any inhibition effect. The oscillatorial lectin has anti-proliferative activity against Huh-7 and MCF-7 cancer cells and inhibited their proliferation with EC50 values of 106.75 µg/ml and 254.14 µg/ml, respectively. Besides the anticancer effect, oscillatorial lectin also has potent antiviral activity against HSV-1 in a dose-dependent manner via virions neutralization and inhibition of viral replication with IC50 values of 90.95 ng/ml and 131.3 ng/ml, respectively. The unique carbohydrate affinity of oscillatorial lectin provides insight into its use as a promising candidate in many biotechnological applications, like fighting viral infection and combating cancer disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabroka H Saad
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt.,Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University (Girls Branch), Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Salem
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University (Girls Branch), Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Sidkey
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University (Girls Branch), Nasr City, Egypt
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17
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Siqueira AS, Lima ARJ, Aguiar DCF, Santos AS, Gonçalves EC. Genomic screening and molecular dynamics simulations of cyanovirin-N homologs from cyanobacteria phylum. Proteins 2020; 89:322-329. [PMID: 33067809 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The phylum cyanobacteria are one of the most ancient groups of organisms on the planet and are well recognized due to its wide distribution, ecological role, and biotechnological potential. Cyanobacterial lectins are being extensively explored due to their antiviral activity, mainly because of their capacity of inhibiting HIV strains from infecting human cells by gp120 and gp41 binding. Cianovirin-N from Nostoc ellipsosporum was the first lectin isolated with this property. Since then, various homologs have been discovered and characterized. In this article, we present results of a genomic screening to find cyanovirin-N homologs (CVNH) in all cyanobacteria genomes available in the GenBank, resulting in 155 CVNH proteins with 63 presenting significant identity differences of cyanovirin-N. Homology modeling and molecular dynamics were employed to characterize 18 unexplored models and their functional capacity of binding to Manα(1-2)Man. Results presented here support the hypothesis of multiple ligand recognition for the CVNH family and may help to understand the function of these lectins for the producer cyanobacteria. Additionally, the theoretical results observed here justify carrying out experimental investigations that can expand the therapeutic potential of cyanobacterial lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Santos Siqueira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Alex Ranieri Jerônimo Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Alberdan Silva Santos
- Laboratórios de Investigação Sistemática em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Naturais-Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Evonnildo Costa Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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18
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Lima ADM, Siqueira AS, Möller MLS, Souza RCD, Cruz JN, Lima ARJ, Silva RCD, Aguiar DCF, Junior JLDSGV, Gonçalves EC. In silico improvement of the cyanobacterial lectin microvirin and mannose interaction. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:1064-1073. [PMID: 32990187 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1821782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lectins that bind to HIV envelope glycoprotein can inhibit virus-cell fusion and be used for rational drug design. This paper presents the results of an in silico approach to improve affinity interaction between the cyanobacterial lectin microvirin and its ligand Manα(1-2)Man. Comparative modeling and molecular dynamics tools were used. Additionally, the alanine scanning webserver was used to study the importance of protein residues in the binding site and to guide mutant production. The model obtained presented two homologous domains designated as domains A and B, each consisting of a single strand with triple and antiparallel β-sheets of (β1-β3 and β6-β8). Disulfide bonds between the cysteines (Cys60-Cys80, Cys63-Cys78 and Cys8-Cys24) were also found. The highly conserved binding site, including residues Asn44, Ile45, Asp46, Gln54, Asn55, Glu58, Thr59, Gln81, Thr82 and Met83. The RMSD values of the di-mannose and the interaction site were very stable during the molecular dynamics. Calculations of the occupation time of the hydrogen bonds were made for the residues that showed interaction in the complex lectin and ligand. The residue that contributed most to the interaction with Manα(1-2)Man was Asn55. After validation, the model generated remained stable during the entire simulation. Despite its structural similarity with the template we used, our mutant (Thr82Arg) showed a higher affinity interaction with Manα(1-2)Man. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis de Melo Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Andrei Santos Siqueira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marina Luiza Saraiva Möller
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Jorddy Neves Cruz
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Alex Ranieri Jerônimo Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Correia da Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | - Evonnildo Costa Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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19
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Rao NRH, Granville AM, Wich PR, Henderson RK. Detailed algal extracellular carbohydrate-protein characterisation lends insight into algal solid-liquid separation process outcomes. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 178:115833. [PMID: 32339864 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of algal solid-liquid separation processes has been impacted by the strong influence of algal extracellular organic matter (EOM), where the composition of proteins and carbohydrates and their associated interactions have been implicated. However, despite this, no studies have analysed the detailed protein and carbohydrate composition in EOM in relation to their impacts on separation. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the variety of carbohydrates and proteins present in the EOM of select algal and cyanobacterial samples and the associated separation performance to better understand the influence of specific biopolymers. The protein and carbohydrate composition of the EOM of three species - Microcystis aeruginosa CS-555/1, Chlorella vulgaris CS-42/7 and Microcystis aeruginosa CS-564/01, previously observed to result in variable treatment performance were investigated. The carbohydrates were analysed via high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) while the proteins were analysed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Ten unique monosaccharides were identified; of these, the greatest proportion of charged uronic acid carbohydrates were present in the EOM of M. aeruginosa CS-564/01. The protein profiling revealed that M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 had a greater proportion and concentration of proteins >75 kDa when compared to M. aeruginosa CS-555/1 or C. vulgaris CS-42/7. It was determined that three serine- and two threonine-based proteins, detected in greater concentrations in M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 than CS-555/1, could covalently interact with carbohydrates (OHenderson et al., 2010a, 2010b-linked glycosylation). These proteins have the ability to form numerous localised networks with carbohydrates and cells in the presence of coagulant molecules, thereby providing a good hypothesis to explain the excellent treatment performance observed for M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 previously. It is proposed that the uronic acids in M. aeruginosa CS-564/01 could interact with proteins via glycosylation, explaining why the coagulant demand for this strain remained low despite the high charged carbohydrate concentration. Overall, it is proposed that process performance could be impacted by: (a) physicochemical characteristics and (b) carbohydrate-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R H Rao
- Algae and Organic Matter Laboratory (AOM Lab), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - A M Granville
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - P R Wich
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - R K Henderson
- Algae and Organic Matter Laboratory (AOM Lab), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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20
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Schilling PE, Kontaxis G, Dragosits M, Schiestl RH, Becker CFW, Maier I. Mannosylated hemagglutinin peptides bind cyanovirin-N independent of disulfide-bonds in complementary binding sites. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11079-11087. [PMID: 35495330 PMCID: PMC9050506 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01128b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) has been shown to reveal broad neutralizing activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to specifically bind Manα(1→2)Manα units exposed on various glycoproteins of enveloped viruses, such as influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and Ebola glycoprotein. Chemically synthesized dimannosylated HA peptides bound domain-swapped and dimeric CV-N with either four disulfide-bonds (Cys–Cys), or three Cys–Cys bonds and an intact fold of the high-affinity binding site at an equilibrium dissociation constant KD of 10 μM. Cys–Cys mutagenesis with ion-pairing amino-acids glutamic acid and arginine was calculated by in silico structure-based protein design and allowed for recognizing dimannose and dimannosylated peptide binding to low-affinity binding sites (KD ≈ 11 μM for one C58–C73 bond, and binding to dimannosylated peptide). In comparison, binding to HA was achieved based on one ion-pairing C58E–C73R substitution at KD = 275 nM, and KD = 5 μM for two C58E–C73R substitutions. We were utilizing a triazole bioisostere linkage to form the respective mannosylated-derivative on the HA peptide sequence of residues glutamine, glycine, and glutamic acid. Thus, mono- and dimannosylated peptides with N-terminal cysteine facilitated site-specific interactions with HA peptides, mimicking a naturally found N-linked glycosylation site on the HA head domain. Di-mannosylated peptides reveal mannose binding to cyanovirin-N (CV-N) low-affinity binding sites.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp E Schilling
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38 A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Georg Kontaxis
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna Campus Vienna Bohrgasse 5 A-1030 Vienna Austria
| | - Martin Dragosits
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Muthgasse 18 A-1190 Vienna Austria
| | - Robert H Schiestl
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles CA-90095 USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 650 Charles E. Young Dr. South Los Angeles CA-90095 USA +1-310-267-2578 +1-310-267-2087
| | - Christian F W Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38 A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Irene Maier
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38 A-1090 Vienna Austria.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 650 Charles E. Young Dr. South Los Angeles CA-90095 USA +1-310-267-2578 +1-310-267-2087
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21
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Singh RS, Thakur SR, Kennedy JF. Purification and characterisation of a xylose-specific mitogenic lectin from Fusarium sambucinum. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:393-402. [PMID: 32084487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A xylose-specific intracellular lectin, showing hemagglutination only with rabbit erythrocytes was purified from mycelium of Fusarium sambucinum which was designated as FSL. An array of anion exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose and gel-exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100 resulted in 84.21% yield and 53.99-fold purification of lectin with specific activity of 169.53 titre/mg. Molecular weight of FSL determined by SDS-PAGE was 70.7 kDa, which was further confirmed by gel-exclusion chromatography. Native-PAGE analysis of FSL showed its monomeric nature. FSL was observed to be a glycoprotein containing 2.9% carbohydrate. Hapten inhibition profile of FSL displayed its strong affinity towards D-xylose (MIC 1.562 mM), L-fucose (MIC 6.25 mM), D-mannose (MIC 3.125 mM), fetuin (MIC 15.62 μg/mL), asialofetuin (MIC 125 μg/mL) and BSM (MIC 3.125 μg/mL). Affinity of FSL towards xylose is rare. FSL was found stable over a pH range 6.0-7.5 and upto 40 °C temperature. Hemagglutination activity of FSL remained unaffected by divalent ions. Lectin concentration of 5 μg/mL was found sufficient to stimulate proliferation of murine spleen cells and its concentration 75 μg/mL exhibited highest mitogenic potential. FSL exhibited maximum mitogenic stimulatory index of 14.35. The purification, characterisation and mitogenicity of F. sambucinum lectin has been reported first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, 147 002 Patiala, India.
| | - Shivani Rani Thakur
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, 147 002 Patiala, India
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories Ltd, WR15 8SG Tenbury Wells, United Kingdom
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22
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Rosa GP, Tavares WR, Sousa PMC, Pagès AK, Seca AML, Pinto DCGA. Seaweed Secondary Metabolites with Beneficial Health Effects: An Overview of Successes in In Vivo Studies and Clinical Trials. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:E8. [PMID: 31861879 PMCID: PMC7024274 DOI: 10.3390/md18010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae are increasingly viewed as a source of secondary metabolites with great potential for the development of new drugs. In this development, in vitro studies are only the first step in a long process, while in vivo studies and clinical trials are the most revealing stages of the true potential and limitations that a given metabolite may have as a new drug. This literature review aims to give a critical overview of the secondary metabolites that reveal the most interesting results in these two steps. Phlorotannins show great pharmaceutical potential in in vivo models and, among the several examples, the anti-dyslipidemia activity of dieckol must be highlighted because it was more effective than lovastatin in an in vivo model. The IRLIIVLMPILMA tridecapeptide that exhibits an in vivo level of activity similar to the hypotensive clinical drug captopril should still be stressed, as well as griffithsin which showed such stunning results over a variety of animal models and which will probably move onto clinical trials soon. Regarding clinical trials, studies with pure algal metabolites are scarce, limited to those carried out with kahalalide F and fucoxanthin. The majority of clinical trials currently aim to ascertain the effect of algae consumption, as extracts or fractions, on obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo P. Rosa
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group & University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
| | - Wilson R. Tavares
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (W.R.T.); (P.M.C.S.); (A.K.P.)
| | - Pedro M. C. Sousa
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (W.R.T.); (P.M.C.S.); (A.K.P.)
| | - Aida K. Pagès
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (W.R.T.); (P.M.C.S.); (A.K.P.)
| | - Ana M. L. Seca
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group & University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Singh RS, Walia AK. Purification of a potent mitogenic homodimeric Penicillium griseoroseum lectin and its characterisation. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:1238-1247. [PMID: 31613018 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium griseoroseum lectin was 80-fold purified by successive DEAE Sepharose anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 gel permeation chromatography. P. griseoroseum lectin exhibited haemagglutination activity towards protease-treated rabbit erythrocytes. It showed specificity towards various carbohydrates such as d-mannose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, mucins, and so forth. P. griseoroseum lectin was found as a glycoprotein with glycan content of 4.33%. Purified P. griseoroseum lectin is homodimeric having a molecular mass of 57 kDa with subunit molecular mass of 28.6 kDa. Haemagglutination activity of purified P. griseoroseum lectin was completely stable from 25°C to 35°C at a pH range of 6-7.5. Lectin activity was not influenced by divalent metal ions and denaturants. P. griseoroseum lectin manifested mitogenicity towards mice splenocytes and activity reached a peak at 75 μg/ml of lectin concentration. P. griseoroseum lectin in microgram concentrations stimulated proliferation of mice splenocytes. Thus, P. griseoroseum lectin exhibits potential mitogenicity, which can be exploited for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram S Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Amandeep K Walia
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
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Singh RS, Walia AK, Kennedy JF. Structural aspects and biomedical applications of microfungal lectins. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:1097-1107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Purification and characterization of a heterodimeric mycelial lectin from Penicillium proteolyticum with potent mitogenic activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:124-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Lei Y, Chen W, Liang H, Wang Z, Chen J, Hong H, Xie L, Nie H, Xiong S. Preparation of a monoPEGylated derivative of cyanovirin-N and its virucidal effect on acyclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1259-1269. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-04118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Silva T, S Salomon P, Hamerski L, Walter J, B Menezes R, Siqueira JE, Santos A, Santos JAM, Ferme N, Guimarães T, O Fistarol G, I Hargreaves P, Thompson C, Thompson F, Souza TM, Siqueira M, Miranda M. Inhibitory effect of microalgae and cyanobacteria extracts on influenza virus replication and neuraminidase activity. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5716. [PMID: 30386690 PMCID: PMC6204821 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The influenza virus can cause seasonal infections with mild to severe symptoms, circulating worldwide, and it can affect people in any age group. Therefore, this infection is a serious public health problem that causes severe illness and death in high-risk populations. Every year, 0.5% of the world’s population is infected by this pathogen. This percentage can increase up to ten times during pandemics. Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent disease. In addition, anti-influenza drugs are essential for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. The oseltamivir (OST, a neuraminidase inhibitor) is the primary antiviral used in clinics during outbreaks. However, OST resistant viruses may emerge naturally or due to antiviral pressure, with a prevalence of 1–2% worldwide. Thus, the search for new anti-influenza drugs is extremely important. Currently, several groups have been developing studies describing the biotechnological potential of microalgae and cyanobacteria, including antiviral activity of their extracts. In Brazil, this potential is poorly known and explored. Methods With the aim of increasing the knowledge on this topic, 38 extracts from microalgae and cyanobacteria isolated from marine and freshwater biomes in Brazil were tested against: cellular toxicity; OST-sensitive and resistant influenza replications; and neuraminidase activity. Results For this purpose, Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK)-infected cells were treated with 200 μg/mL of each extract. A total of 17 extracts (45%) inhibited influenza A replication, with seven of them resulting in more than 80% inhibition. Moreover, functional assays performed with viral neuraminidase revealed two extracts (from Leptolyngbya sp. and Chlorellaceae) with IC50 mean < 210 μg/mL for influenza A and B, and also OST-sensitive and resistant strains. Furthermore, MDCK cells exposed to 1 mg/mL of all the extracts showed viability higher than 80%. Discussion Our results suggest that extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria have promising anti-influenza properties. Further chemical investigation should be conducted to isolate the active compounds for the development of new anti-influenza drugs. The data generated contribute to the knowledge of the biotechnological potential of Brazilian biomes that are still little explored for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thauane Silva
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Salomon
- Laboratório de Fitoplâncton Marinho, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidilhone Hamerski
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juline Walter
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Menezes
- Laboratório de Fitoplâncton Marinho, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Edson Siqueira
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Santos
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Ferme
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaise Guimarães
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giovana O Fistarol
- Laboratório de Fitoplâncton Marinho, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo I Hargreaves
- Laboratório de Fitoplâncton Marinho, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Thompson
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Moreno Souza
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilda Siqueira
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milene Miranda
- Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Siqueira AS, Lima ARJ, Aguiar DCF, Santos AS, Vianez Júnior JLDSG, Gonçalves EC. Genomic screening of new putative antiviral lectins from Amazonian cyanobacteria based on a bioinformatics approach. Proteins 2018; 86:1047-1054. [PMID: 30035823 PMCID: PMC7167734 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins of nonimmune origin, which are capable of recognizing and binding to glycoconjugate moieties. Some of them can block the interaction of viral glycoproteins to the host cell receptors acting as antiviral agents. Although cyanobacterial lectins have presented broad biotechnological potential, little research has been directed to Amazonian Cyanobacterial diversity. In order to identify new antiviral lectins, we performed genomic analysis in seven cyanobacterial strains from Coleção Amazônica de Cianobactérias e Microalgas (CACIAM). We found 75 unique CDS presenting one or more lectin domains. Since almost all were annotated as hypothetical proteins, we used homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations to evaluate the structural and functional properties of three CDS that were more similar to known antiviral lectins. Nostoc sp. CACIAM 19 as well as Tolypothrix sp. CACIAM 22 strains presented cyanovirin‐N homologues whose function was confirmed by binding free energy calculations. Asn, Glu, Thr, Lys, Leu, and Gly, which were described as binding residues for cyanovirin, were also observed on those structures. As for other known cyanovirins, those residues in both our models also made favorable interactions with dimannose. Finally, Alkalinema sp. CACIAM 70d presented one CDS, which was identified as a seven‐bladed beta‐propeller structure with binding sites predicted for sialic acid and N‐acetylglucosamine. Despite its singular structure, our analysis suggested this molecule as a new putative antiviral lectin. Overall, the identification and the characterization of new lectins and their homologues are a promising area in antiviral research, and Amazonian cyanobacteria present biotechnological potential to be explored in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Santos Siqueira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular – Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do ParáBelém‐PennsylvaniaBrazil
| | - Alex Ranieri Jerônimo Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular – Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do ParáBelém‐PennsylvaniaBrazil
| | - Delia Cristina Figueira Aguiar
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular – Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do ParáBelém‐PennsylvaniaBrazil
| | - Alberdan Silva Santos
- Laboratórios de Investigação Sistemática em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade Molecular – Instituto de Ciências Naturais – Universidade Federal do ParáBelém‐PennsylvaniaBrazil
| | | | - Evonnildo Costa Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular – Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do ParáBelém‐PennsylvaniaBrazil
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29
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Singh RS, Walia AK, Kennedy JF. Purification and characterization of a mitogenic lectin from Penicillium duclauxii. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:426-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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30
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Lotfi H, Sheervalilou R, Zarghami N. An update of the recombinant protein expression systems of Cyanovirin-N and challenges of preclinical development. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2018. [PMID: 29977835 DOI: 10.1517/bi.2018.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a debilitating challenge and concern worldwide. Accessibility to highly active antiretroviral drugs is little or none for developing countries. Production of cost-effective microbicides to prevent the infection with HIV is a requirement. Cyanovirin-N (CVN) is known as a promising cyanobacterial lectin, capable of inhibiting the HIV cell entry in a highly specific manner. Methods: This review article presents an overview of attempts conducted on different expression systems for the recombinant production of CVN. We have also assessed the potential of the final recombinant product, as an effective anti-HIV microbicide, comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. Results: Artificial production of CVN is a challenging task because the desirable anti-HIV activity (CVN-gp120 interaction) depends on the correct formation of disulfide bonds during recombinant production. Thus, inexpensive and functional production of rCVN requires an effective expression system which must be found among the bacteria, yeast, and transgenic plants, for the subsequent satisfying medical application. Moreover, the strong anti-HIV potential of CVN in trace concentrations (micromolar to picomolar) was reported for the in vitro and in vivo tests. Conclusion: To produce pharmaceutically effective CVN, we first need to identify the best expression system, with Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris , Lactic acid bacteria and transgenic plants being possible candidates. For this reason, heterologous production of this valuable protein is a serious challenge. Since different obstacles influence clinical trials on microbicides in the field of HIV prevention, these items should be considered for evaluating the CVN activity in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajie Lotfi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Singh RS, Walia AK. Lectins from red algae and their biomedical potential. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2017; 30:1833-1858. [PMID: 32214665 PMCID: PMC7088393 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1338-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are unique proteins or glycoproteins of non-immune origin that bind specifically to carbohydrates. They recognise and interact reversibly to either free carbohydrates or glycoconjugates, without modifying their structure. Lectins are highly diverse and widely distributed in nature and have been extensively reported from various red algae species. Numerous red algae species have been reported to possess lectins having carbohydrate specificity towards complex glycoproteins or high-mannose N-glycans. These lectin-glycan interactions further trigger many biochemical responses which lead to their extensive use as valuable tools in biomedical research. Thus, owing to their exceptional glycan recognition property, red algae lectins are potential candidate for inhibition of various viral diseases. Hence, the present report integrates existing information on the red algae lectins, their carbohydrate specificity, and characteristics of purified lectins. Further, the review also reports the current state of research into their anti-viral activity against various enveloped viruses such as HIV, hepatitis, influenza, encephalitis, coronavirus and herpes simplex virus and other biomedical activities such as anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and acaricidal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147 002 India
| | - Amandeep Kaur Walia
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147 002 India
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Lotfi H, Sheervalilou R, Zarghami N. An update of the recombinant protein expression systems of Cyanovirin-N and challenges of preclinical development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 8:139-151. [PMID: 29977835 PMCID: PMC6026528 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2018.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a debilitating challenge and concern worldwide. Accessibility to highly active antiretroviral drugs is little or none for developing countries. Production of cost-effective microbicides to prevent the infection with HIV is a requirement. Cyanovirin-N (CVN) is known as a promising cyanobacterial lectin, capable of inhibiting the HIV cell entry in a highly specific manner.
Methods: This review article presents an overview of attempts conducted on different expression systems for the recombinant production of CVN. We have also assessed the potential of the final recombinant product, as an effective anti-HIV microbicide, comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems.
Results: Artificial production of CVN is a challenging task because the desirable anti-HIV activity (CVN-gp120 interaction) depends on the correct formation of disulfide bonds during recombinant production. Thus, inexpensive and functional production of rCVN requires an effective expression system which must be found among the bacteria, yeast, and transgenic plants, for the subsequent satisfying medical application. Moreover, the strong anti-HIV potential of CVN in trace concentrations (micromolar to picomolar) was reported for the in vitro and in vivo tests.
Conclusion: To produce pharmaceutically effective CVN, we first need to identify the best expression system, with Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris , Lactic acid bacteria and transgenic plants being possible candidates. For this reason, heterologous production of this valuable protein is a serious challenge. Since different obstacles influence clinical trials on microbicides in the field of HIV prevention, these items should be considered for evaluating the CVN activity in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajie Lotfi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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