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Bilal Z, Akhmetsadykova S, Baubekova A, Tormo H, Faye B, Konuspayeva G. The Main Features and Microbiota Diversity of Fermented Camel Milk. Foods 2024; 13:1985. [PMID: 38998490 PMCID: PMC11240983 DOI: 10.3390/foods13131985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented camel milk, named shubat in Central Asia, is historically and culturally important because it is mainly consumed by Kazakh people who live not only in Kazakhstan but also in close neighboring countries. However, despite its cultural and dietetic significance for this local population, research on its composition and processing technology and the richness of its microflora is relatively scarce. The present review of this product, which is an important beverage in the Kazakh culture, provides up-to-date information regarding its main components and their variability according to different factors, surveys recent changes in the processing technologies for making it using modern techniques, and explores the biodiversity of its microflora. It was reported that the protein, vitamin C, and calcium contents in shubat vary between 1.19 and 5.63%, 28 and 417 mg L-1, and 1.03 and 1.88 g L-1. The lactose content totally disappears. Shubat contains a complex microbial consortium that contributes to its strong reputation for health benefits, but a scientific demonstration of these claims has only been partially achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zauresh Bilal
- Biotechnology Department, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (Z.B.); (A.B.)
- LLP “Scientific and Production Enterprise Antigen”, 4, Azerbayeva Str., Almaty 040905, Kazakhstan;
| | - Shynar Akhmetsadykova
- LLP “Scientific and Production Enterprise Antigen”, 4, Azerbayeva Str., Almaty 040905, Kazakhstan;
- LLP “Kazakh Research Institute for Livestock and Fodder Production”, Horse and Camel Breeding Department, 51, Zhandosov Str., Almaty 50035, Kazakhstan
| | - Almagul Baubekova
- Biotechnology Department, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (Z.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Helene Tormo
- Département Sciences de l’Agroalimentaire et de la Nutrition, Ecole D’ingénieurs de Purpan, INPT, 75, voie du TOEC, BP 57611, CEDEX 3, 31076 Toulouse, France;
| | - Bernard Faye
- Center of International Cooperation on Agriculture Research for Development–CIRAD, UMR SELMET, Campus International de Baillarguet, CEDEX 5, 34398 Montpellier, France;
| | - Gaukhar Konuspayeva
- Biotechnology Department, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (Z.B.); (A.B.)
- LLP “Scientific and Production Enterprise Antigen”, 4, Azerbayeva Str., Almaty 040905, Kazakhstan;
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Deuchande T, Fundo J, Rodrigues D, Abudiab I, Durão J, Carvalho AP, Oliveira ALS, Pintado M, Amaro AL. Antioxidant effects of phenolic extract from sugarcane straw and mannan extract from brewer's spent yeast on fresh-cut apples. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7529-7538. [PMID: 37406160 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fresh-cut fruit are convenient ready-to-eat products increasingly demanded by consumers, but highly susceptible to oxidation. To increase the shelf life of these products, this industry is currently facing the challenge of finding sustainable natural preservatives capable of maintaining fresh-cut fruit quality while meeting consumers' expectations regarding health and environmental concerns. RESULTS In this work, fresh-cut apple slices were treated with two antioxidant extracts derived from industrial by-products: a phenolic-rich extract produced from sugarcane straw (PE-SCS) and applied at 15 g L-1 , and a mannan-rich extract obtained from brewer's spent yeast (MN-BSY) applied at two concentrations: 1 and 5 g L-1 . PE-SCS, having a brown color, imparted a brownish hue to the fruit and increased the browning rate during storage, and not even the initial robust antioxidant response (high superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activities), prevented oxidation. Fruit treated with MN-BSY extract at 5 g L-1 showed lower color loss rate and higher polyphenol oxidase inhibition, while at 1 g L-1 it showed lower firmness loss rate and lower lipid peroxidation after 6 days of storage. CONCLUSION The results showed that PE-SCS triggers a potent antioxidant response in fresh-cut fruit and, despite it imparting a brown color to the fruit at 15 g L-1 , it may have potential for application at lower concentrations. Regarding MN-BSY, it generally decreased oxidative stress, but its effect on quality maintenance was dependent on the concentration and, thus, to confirm its potential as a fruit preservative more concentrations must be tested. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Deuchande
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Fundo
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Rodrigues
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iyad Abudiab
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Durão
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Carvalho
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Silva Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Amaro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
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3
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Calumby RFDAT, de Lima FO, Valasques Junior GL, Santos JDG, Chaves PFP, Cordeiro LMC, Villarreal CF, Soares MBP, Boffo EF, de Assis SA. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of α-D-mannan from the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus: evidence for a role in interleukin-6 inhibition. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:379. [PMID: 37950820 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
The management of inflammatory states typically involves non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opiates. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the processing of nociceptive information from potential alternatives such as some polysaccharides may enable new and meaningful therapeutic approaches. In this study, α-D-mannan isolated from the Kluyveromyces marxianus cell wall produced antinociceptive effects in models of inflammatory pain (formalin and complete Freund's adjuvant tests). Furthermore, α-D-mannan reduced paw edema and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production after carrageenan-induced inflammation. The polysaccharide α-D-mannan was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, methylation analysis, and spectroscopic techniques. Moreover, the Doehlert experimental design was applied to find the optimal conditions for biomass production, with the best conditions being 10.8 g/L and 117 h for the glucose concentration and the fermentation time, respectively. These results indicate that α-D-mannan from K. marxianus exerts anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in mice, possibly via a mechanism dependent on the inhibition of IL-6 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Freitas de A T Calumby
- Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia Oliveira de Lima
- Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Gildomar Lima Valasques Junior
- Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Felipe Pereira Chaves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Mach Côrtes Cordeiro
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Flora Villarreal
- Gonçalo Moniz Research Center (CPqGM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Research Center (CPqGM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Fabiana Boffo
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo s/n, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-290, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aparecida de Assis
- Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil.
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Schiavone M, François JM, Zerbib D, Capp JP. Emerging relevance of cell wall components from non-conventional yeasts as functional ingredients for the food and feed industry. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100603. [PMID: 37840697 PMCID: PMC10568300 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-conventional yeast species, or non-Saccharomyces yeasts, are increasingly recognized for their involvement in fermented foods. Many of them exhibit probiotic characteristics that are mainly due to direct contacts with other cell types through various molecular components of their cell wall. The biochemical composition and/or the molecular structure of the cell wall components are currently considered the primary determinant of their probiotic properties. Here we first present the techniques that are used to extract and analyze the cell wall components of food industry-related non-Saccharomyces yeasts. We then review the current understanding of the cell wall composition and structure of each polysaccharide from these yeasts. Finally, the data exploring the potential beneficial role of their cell wall components, which could be a source of innovative functional ingredients, are discussed. Such research would allow the development of high value-added products and provide the food industry with novel inputs beyond the well-established S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Schiavone
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
- Lallemand SAS, Blagnac, France
| | - Jean M. François
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse White Biotechnology (TWB), UMS INRAE/INSA/CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Zerbib
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Capp
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
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5
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Shukla P, Srivastava P, Mishra A. Downstream process intensification for biotechnologically generated hyaluronic acid: Purification and characterization. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 136:232-238. [PMID: 37393187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), an anionic, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, has several clinical applications. This study examines several downstream methods for purifying HA with maximum recovery and purity. Following the fermentation of Streptococcus zooepidemicus MTCC 3523 to produce HA, the broth was thoroughly purified to separate cell debris and insoluble impurities using a filtration procedure and a variety of adsorbents for soluble impurities. Nucleic acids, proteins with high molecular weight, were successfully removed from the broth using activated carbons and XAD-7 resins. In contrast, insoluble and low molecular weight impurities were removed using diafiltration, with HA recovery of 79.16% and purity close to 90%. Different analytical and characterization procedures such as Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy validated the presence, purity, and structure of HA. Microbial HA showed activity in tests for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical-scavenging (4.87 ± 0.45 kmol TE/g), total antioxidant capacity (13.32 ± 0.52%), hydroxyl radical-scavenging (32.03 ± 0.12%), and reducing power (24.85 ± 0.45%). The outcomes showed that the precipitation, adsorption, and diafiltration processes are suitable for extracting HA from a fermented broth under the chosen operating conditions. The HA produced was of pharmaceutical grade for non-injectable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Shukla
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), 221005 Varanasi, India.
| | - Pradeep Srivastava
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), 221005 Varanasi, India.
| | - Abha Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), 221005 Varanasi, India.
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6
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Fernandes PAR, Coimbra MA. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides: A structure-function relationship overview. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 314:120965. [PMID: 37173007 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, polysaccharides have been linked to antioxidant effects using both in vitro chemical and biological models. The reported structures, claimed to act as antioxidants, comprise chitosan, pectic polysaccharides, glucans, mannoproteins, alginates, fucoidans, and many others of all type of biological sources. The structural features linked to the antioxidant action include the polysaccharide charge, molecular weight, and the occurrence of non-carbohydrate substituents. The establishment of structure/function relationships can be, however, biased by secondary phenomena that tailor polysaccharides behavior in antioxidant systems. In this sense, this review confronts some basic concepts of polysaccharides chemistry with the current claim of carbohydrates as antioxidants. It critically discusses how the fine structure and properties of polysaccharides can define polysaccharides as antioxidants. Polysaccharides antioxidant action is highly dependent on their solubility, sugar ring structure, molecular weight, occurrence of positive or negatively charged groups, protein moieties and covalently linked phenolic compounds. However, the occurrence of phenolic compounds and protein as contaminants leads to misleading results in methodologies often used for screening and characterization purposes, as well as in vivo models. Despite falling in the concept of antioxidants, the role of polysaccharides must be well defined according with the matrices where they are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A R Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Faustino M, Pereira CF, Durão J, Oliveira AS, Pereira JO, Ferreira C, Pintado ME, Carvalho AP. Effect of drying technology in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannans: Structural, physicochemical, and functional properties. Food Chem 2023; 412:135545. [PMID: 36708669 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mannans are polysaccharides whose physicochemical and biological properties render them commercialization in several products. Since these properties are strongly dependent on production conditions, the present study aims to assess the impact of different drying technologies - freeze (FDM) and spray drying (SDM) - on the structural, physicochemical, and biological properties of mannans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Structural analysis was assessed by FT-IR, PXRD and SEM, whereas physicochemical properties were evaluated based on sugars, protein, ash and water contents, solubility, and molecular weight distribution. Thermal behaviour was analysed by DSC, and antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS assays. The parameters which revealed major differences, in terms of structural and physicochemical properties regarded morphology (SEM), physical appearance (colour), moisture (3.6 ± 0.1 % and 11.9 ± 0.6 % for FDM and SDM, respectively) and solubility (1 mg/mL for FDM and 25 mg/mL for SDM). Nevertheless, these differences were not translated into the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Faustino
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla F Pereira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Durão
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Portugal.
| | - Ana Sofia Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Odila Pereira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ferreira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P Carvalho
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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Jeong WS, Kong HR, Kim SY, Yeo SH. Exploring the Health Benefits of Yeast Isolated from Traditional Fermented Foods in Korea: Anti-Inflammatory and Functional Properties of Saccharomyces and Non- Saccharomyces Strains. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1503. [PMID: 37375005 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been used for its benefits in various fermentation processes; the benefits of non-Saccharomyces yeast as a material for food, feed, and pharmaceuticals have been studied recently. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity and extracellular functional characteristics of wild-type yeasts isolated from traditional fermented foods (doenjang (common name: soybean paste) and nuruk) in Korea. The viability of the yeast and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAWBlue™ cells was improved, similar to unstimulated RAWBlue™ cells, and the isolates demonstrated NF-κB inhibitory activity. Yeast suppressed the nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAWBlue™ cells, which was attributed to the inhibition of iNOS or COX-2 mRNA expression depending on the strain. Although there were differences depending on the strain, the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines was reduced in the yeast and LPS-stimulated RAWBlue™ cells, some of which were demonstrated at the mRNA level. In addition, the isolates exhibited high antioxidant and antihypertensive activities (similar to the positive control), which varied depending on the strain. This suggests that yeast can be used for fermentation with enhanced antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Furthermore, the isolates inhibited the growth of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, indicating that yeast can inhibit food spoilage and the growth of pathogenic bacteria during fermentation. Consequently, utilizing raw materials to cultivate yeast strains could be a promising avenue for developing functional foods to prevent and treat inflammatory reactions; such foods may exhibit antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Soo Jeong
- Fermented and Processed Food Science Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Ram Kong
- Fermented and Processed Food Science Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Kim
- Fermented and Processed Food Science Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Yeo
- Fermented and Processed Food Science Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
The microbiome may impact cancer development, progression and treatment responsiveness, but its fungal components remain insufficiently studied in this context. In this review, we highlight accumulating evidence suggesting a possible involvement of commensal and pathogenic fungi in modulation of cancer-related processes. We discuss the mechanisms by which fungi can influence tumour biology, locally by activity exerted within the tumour microenvironment, or remotely through secretion of bioactive metabolites, modulation of host immunity and communications with neighbouring bacterial commensals. We examine prospects of utilising fungi-related molecular signatures in cancer diagnosis, patient stratification and assessment of treatment responsiveness, while highlighting challenges and limitations faced in performing such research. In all, we demonstrate that fungi likely constitute important members of mucosal and tumour-residing microbiomes. Exploration of fungal inter-kingdom interactions with the bacterial microbiome and the host and decoding of their causal impacts on tumour biology may enable their harnessing into cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Saftien
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eran Elinav
- Microbiome and Cancer Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Kluyveromyces marxianus Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Kidney Injury by Affecting Gut Microbiota and TLR4/NF-κB Pathway in a Mouse Model. Cell Microbiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/2822094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. The effects of Kluyveromyces marxianus on high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced kidney injury (KI) were explored. Methods. HFD-induced KI model was established using male C57BL/6 mice and treated with K. marxianus JLU-1016 and acid-resistant (AR) strain JLU-1016A. Glucose tolerance was evaluated via an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). KI was measured using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis. The chemical indexes were analyzed, including lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and creatinine. The levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) or phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) and alpha inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) were measured using qPCR and Western blot. The gut microbiota was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Results. HFD induction increased OGTT value, KI severity, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, apoptotic rate, creatinine levels, and the expression of TLR4/NF-κB, phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536), and IκBα deteriorated lipid profiles (
) and reduced gut microbiota abundance. K. marxianus treatment ameliorated HFD-induced metabolic disorders and reversed these parameters (
). Compared with the control, HFD induction increased the proportion of Firmicutes but reduced the proportion of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus. K. marxianus JLU-1016 and AR strain JLU-1016A treatments improved gut microbiota by reducing the proportion of Firmicutes and increasing the proportion of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus in the KI model (
). Helicobacter has been identified with many infectious diseases and was increased after HFD induction and inhibited after K. marxianus JLU-1016 and AR strain JLU-1016A treatments. The strain JLU-1016A exhibited better results possibly with acid-tolerance properties to pass through an acidic environment of the stomach. Conclusions. K. marxianus may have a beneficial effect on KI by improving gut microbiota and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation.
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Vergara SC, Leiva MJ, Mestre MV, Vazquez F, Nally MC, Maturano YP. Non-saccharomyces yeast probiotics: revealing relevance and potential. FEMS Yeast Res 2023; 23:foad041. [PMID: 37777839 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Saccharomyces yeasts are unicellular eukaryotes that play important roles in diverse ecological niches. In recent decades, their physiological and morphological properties have been reevaluated and reassessed, demonstrating the enormous potential they possess in various fields of application. Non-Saccharomyces yeasts have gained relevance as probiotics, and in vitro and in vivo assays are very promising and offer a research niche with novel applications within the functional food and nutraceutical industry. Several beneficial effects have been described, such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and gastrointestinal modulation and regulation functions. In addition, several positive effects of bioactive compounds or production of specific enzymes have been reported on physical, mental and neurodegenerative diseases as well as on the organoleptic properties of the final product. Other points to highlight are the multiomics as a tool to enhance characteristics of interest within the industry; as well as microencapsulation offer a wide field of study that opens the niche of food matrices as carriers of probiotics; in turn, non-Saccharomyces yeasts offer an interesting alternative as microencapsulating cells of various compounds of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cristina Vergara
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Godoy Cruz 2290 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - María José Leiva
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Godoy Cruz 2290 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Mestre
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Godoy Cruz 2290 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Fabio Vazquez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan 5400, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Nally
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Godoy Cruz 2290 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Yolanda Paola Maturano
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. San Martín 1109 (O), San Juan 5400, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Godoy Cruz 2290 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
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12
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Faustino M, Durão J, Pereira CF, Oliveira AS, Pereira JO, Pereira AM, Ferreira C, Pintado ME, Carvalho AP. Comparative Analysis of Mannans Extraction Processes from Spent Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233753. [PMID: 36496561 PMCID: PMC9739389 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannans are outstanding polysaccharides that have gained exponential interest over the years. These polysaccharides may be extracted from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and recovered from the brewing or synthetic biology industries, among others. In this work, several extraction processes-physical, chemical and enzymatic-were studied, all aiming to obtain mannans from spent yeast S. cerevisiae. Their performance was evaluated in terms of yield, mannose content and cost. The resultant extracts were characterized in terms of their structure (FT-IR, PXRD and SEM), physicochemical properties (color, molecular weight distribution, sugars, protein, ash and water content) and thermal stability (DSC). The biological properties were assessed through the screening of prebiotic activity in Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium animalis. The highest yield (58.82%) was achieved by using an alkaline thermal process, though the correspondent mannose content was low. The extract obtained by autolysis followed by a hydrothermal step resulted in the highest mannose content (59.19%). On the other hand, the extract obtained through the enzymatic hydrolysis displayed the highest prebiotic activity. This comparative study is expected to lay the scientific foundation for the obtention of well-characterized mannans from yeast, which will pave the way for their application in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Faustino
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Durão
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (C.F.P.)
| | - Carla F. Pereira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (C.F.P.)
| | - Ana Sofia Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Odila Pereira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Pereira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ferreira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela E. Pintado
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P. Carvalho
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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13
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Silva MMCL, Dos Santos Lisboa L, Paiva WS, Batista LANC, Luchiari AC, Rocha HAO, Camara RBG. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of commercial fucoidans from Macrocystis pyrifera, Undaria pinnatifida, and Fucus vesiculosus. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:757-767. [PMID: 35870628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants fucoidans from three seaweeds, Undaria pinnatifida (FUP), Macrocystis pyrifera (FMP) and Fucus vesiculosus (FFV) are sold commercially. However, it is unclear which fucoidan is the most potent antioxidant. Therefore, our objective was to compare the antioxidant activities of these fucoidans. For this purpose, six in vitro antioxidant tests were used, total antioxidant capacity, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, ferrous and cupric chelating assay, reducing power and H2O2 scavenging assay. The data showed that the fucoidans had a low capacity to donate electrons, and a low capacity to chelate metals. The best activity obtained was in the scavenging of hydroxyl radical. When macrophages were exposed to H2O2 and fucoidans, MTT and live/dead assays showed that all fucoidans protected cells from oxidative damage. The survival rate of zebrafish embryos was significantly higher when exposed to H2O2 and fucoidans than H2O2 alone. In summary, the fucoidans evaluated were ranked according to their antioxidant activity as follows: FMP > FFV > FUP, and the results suggest that these fucoidans, mainly FMP, can be used in the formulation of medicines/foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maylla Maria Correia Leite Silva
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Dos Santos Lisboa
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Weslley Souza Paiva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Alighieri Neves Costa Batista
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina Luchiari
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Barros Gomes Camara
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil; Multicampi School of Medical Sciences (EMCM/UFRN), Brazil
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14
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Extraction, isolation, structural characterization and prebiotic activity of cell wall polysaccharide from Kluyveromyces marxianus. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Bacterially Converted Oat Active Ingredients Enhances Antioxidative and Anti-UVB Photoaging Activities. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1901564. [PMID: 35692582 PMCID: PMC9187468 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1901564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa L.) is one of the most widely consumed cereal grains worldwide and is considered as an important cereal crop with high nutritional value and potential health benefits. With different bacterial strains, fermented oat extracts were examined for the antioxidant and antiaging effects on the skin after optimization of extraction conditions. Fermented oats contained high avenanthramides, and its function was investigated on matrix metalloproteinase-1 and collagen expression with human dermal fibroblast cells. After fractionation, butanol layers showed the highest avenanthramides contents. Therefore, the microbial fermentation of oats enhances the quality and content of functional ingredients of oats, which provide natural dietary supplements, antioxidants, and antiaging agents.
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16
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Juniora GLV, Santos JDG, Chaves FP, Cordeiro LMC, Boffo EF, de Assis SA. α-D-mannan from Aureobasidium pullulans (CCMB 324): optimization extraction. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-5. [PMID: 35086400 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2029859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mannans has been attracted the interest in various sectors due to its promising applications. The low toxicity of mannans allows for their use in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. In this study, the α-D-mannan extraction conditions from Aureobasidium pullulans by alkaline extraction were optimized using a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The effect of temperature (°C), pH and extraction time (hours) on the yield of α-mannan was investigated. The conditions that produced the highest yield (26%) were a temperature of 92 °C, extraction time of 3 h and pH 13. In addition, the α-D-mannan structure was confirmed by methylation analysis, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, and GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gildomar Lima Valasques Juniora
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentation Technology; Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jener David Gonçalves Santos
- Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, Brazil.,University Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco (UFAPE), Garanhuns, PE, Brazil
| | - Felipe Pereira Chaves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Elisangela Fabiana Boffo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aparecida de Assis
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentation Technology; Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, Brazil
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17
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Xu J, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Fei Z, Sun Y, Fan Q, Liu B, Bai J, Yu Y, Chu J, Chen J, Wang C. Yeast-derived nanoparticles remodel the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes to suppress tumor growth. Nat Commun 2022; 13:110. [PMID: 35013252 PMCID: PMC8748771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbe-based cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as a hot topic for cancer treatment. However, serious limitations remain including infection associated side-effect and unsatisfactory outcomes in clinic trials. Here, we fabricate different sizes of nano-formulations derived from yeast cell wall (YCW NPs) by differential centrifugation. The induction of anticancer immunity of our formulations appears to inversely correlate with their size due to the ability to accumulate in tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN). Moreover, we use a percolation model to explain their distribution behavior toward TDLN. The abundance and functional orientation of each effector component are significantly improved not only in the microenvironment in tumor but also in the TDLN following small size YCW NPs treatment. In combination with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade, we demonstrate anticancer efficiency in melanoma-challenged mice. We delineate potential strategy to target immunosuppressive microenvironment by microbe-based nanoparticles and highlight the role of size effect in microbe-based immune therapeutics. Components of the yeast cell wall, including but not limited to β-glucan, have been reported to act as danger signals and promote immune responses. Here the authors report the design and anti-tumor immune responses elicited by yeast cell wall-based nanoparticles in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingle Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziying Fei
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifei Sun
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyu Bai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhong Chu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jingrun Chen
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Amaral-Machado L, Oliveira WN, Torres-Rêgo M, Furtado AA, Alencar ÉN, Fernandes-Pedrosa MF, Rocha HAO, Egito EST. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bullfrog Oil Polymeric Nanocapsules: From the Design to Preclinical Trials. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7353-7367. [PMID: 34754189 PMCID: PMC8572098 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s318018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although bullfrog oil (BFO) exerts anti-inflammatory effects, it has undesirable properties limiting its use. METHODOLOGY BFO nanocapsules (BFONc) were produced through nanoprecipitation, and their physicochemical and morphological properties were characterized. To evaluate the biocompatibility of the formulation, a mitochondrial activity evaluation assay was conducted, and cell uptake was assessed. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), type-6 interleukin (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by quantifying myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. RESULTS BFONc showed a particle size of 233 ± 22 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.17 ± 0.03, and a zeta potential of -34 ± 2.6mV. BFONc revealed remarkable biocompatibility and did not induce changes in cell morphology. Furthermore, BFONc decreased ROS levels by 81 ± 4%; however, NO level increased by 72 ± 18%. TNF and IL-6 levels were reduced by approximately 10% and 90%, respectively. Significant in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was observed compared to dexamethasone. MPO levels were reduced up to 2 MPOs/mg. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results pointed out the remarkable biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory effects of BFONc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Amaral-Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Wógenes N Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Allanny A Furtado
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Éverton N Alencar
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Matheus F Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Hugo A O Rocha
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Eryvaldo Sócrates Tabosa Egito
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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19
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Wang Y, Shen C, Huo K, Cai D, Zhao G. Antioxidant activity of yeast mannans and their growth-promoting effect on Lactobacillus strains. Food Funct 2021; 12:10423-10431. [PMID: 34596192 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Yeast mannans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (123.2 kDa, 40.5 kDa and 21.3 kDa) were prepared. The scavenging abilities of Fe2+, OH˙, and O2˙- and protective capacities against lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage increased with the reduction of the molecular weights of yeast mannans. The highest scavenging abilities of Fe2+, OH˙ and O2˙- (25.32%, 70.8%, and 61.5%) were observed with YM-90, and it showed an anti-lipid peroxidation capacity of 65.82%, which was much stronger than that of vitamin C (VC), with a thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) inhibition rate of 80.41%. However, the highest DPPH scavenging rate (88.7%) was exhibited by YM-30. In addition, the growth-promoting effect of yeast mannans on Lactobacillus strains was further confirmed, and a 54.2% increment of Lactobacillus plantarum ZWR5 cell viability was achieved by YM-90. The results indicated the potential industrial applications of this yeast mannan technology in therapeutic and nutraceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Fermentation Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, PR China.
| | - Chongyu Shen
- Fermentation Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, PR China.
| | - Kai Huo
- Fermentation Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, PR China.
| | - Di Cai
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Guoqun Zhao
- Fermentation Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, PR China.
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20
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Liu N, Qin L, Lu X, Zhao Y, Miao S. Physicochemical components and flavor properties of acid rice soup (rice-acid) fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei and/or Kluyveromyces marxianus. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Aguilar-Toalá JE, Hall FG, Urbizo-Reyes UC, Garcia HS, Vallejo-Cordoba B, González-Córdova AF, Hernández-Mendoza A, Liceaga AM. In Silico Prediction and In Vitro Assessment of Multifunctional Properties of Postbiotics Obtained From Two Probiotic Bacteria. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:608-622. [PMID: 31280464 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a global metabolite profile using Raman spectroscopy analysis was obtained in order to predict, by an in silico prediction of activity spectra for substance approach, the bioactivities of the intracellular content (IC) and cell wall (CW) fractions obtained from Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 and Bacillus coagulans GBI-30 strains. Additionally, multifunctional in vitro bioactivity of IC and CW fractions was also assessed. The metabolite profile revealed a variety of compounds (fatty acids, amino acids, coenzyme, protein, amino sugars), with significant probable activities (Pa > 0.7) as immune-stimulant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antiproliferative, immunomodulator, and antineoplastic, among others. Moreover, in vitro assays exhibited that both IC and CW fractions presented angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory (> 90%), chelating (> 79%), and antioxidant (ca. 22-57 cellular antioxidant activity units) activities. Our findings based on in silico and in vitro analyses suggest that L. casei CRL 431 and B. coagulans GBI-30 strains appear to be promising sources of postbiotics and may impart health benefits by their multifunctional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Aguilar-Toalá
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria km. 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.,Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - F G Hall
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - U C Urbizo-Reyes
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - H S Garcia
- UNIDA Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, M.A. de Quevedo 2279, Col. Formando Hogar, 91897, Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - B Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria km. 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - A F González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria km. 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - A Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria km. 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - A M Liceaga
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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22
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Vallianou N, Kounatidis D, Christodoulatos GS, Panagopoulos F, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. Mycobiome and Cancer: What Is the Evidence? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133149. [PMID: 34202433 PMCID: PMC8269322 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although comprising a much smaller proportion of the human microbiome, the fungal community has gained much more attention lately due to its multiple and yet undiscovered interactions with the human bacteriome and the host. Head and neck cancer carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma have been associated with dissimilarities in the composition of the mycobiome between cases with cancer and non-cancer subjects. In particular, an abundance of Malassezia has been associated with the onset and progression of colorectal carcinoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, while the genera Schizophyllum, a member of the oral mycobiome, is suggested to exhibit anti-cancer potential. The use of multi-omics will further assist in establishing whether alterations in the human mycobiome are causal or a consequence of specific types of cancers. Abstract Background: To date, most researchhas focused on the bacterial composition of the human microbiota. In this review, we synopsize recent data on the human mycobiome and cancer, highlighting specific cancer types based on current available evidence, presenting interesting perspectives and limitations of studies and laboratory methodologies. Recent findings: Head and neck cancer carcinoma (HNCC), colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) have been associated with dissimilarities in the composition of mycobiota between cancer cases and non-cancer participants. Overall, fungal dysbiosis with decreased fungal richness and diversity was common in cancer patients; however, a specific mycobiotic signature in HNSCC or CRC has not emerged. Different strains of Candida albicans have been identified among cases with HNCC, whilst Lichtheimia corymbifera, a member of the Mucoraceae family, has been shown to predominate among patients with oral tongue cancer. Virulence factors of Candida spp. include the formation of biofilm and filamentation, and the secretion of toxins and metabolites. CRC patients present a dysregulated ratio of Basidiomycota/Ascomycota. Abundance of Malassezia has been linked to the occurrence and progression of CRC and PDA, particularly in animal models of PDA. Interestingly, Schizophyllum, a component of the oral mycobiome, may exhibit anti-cancer potential. Conclusion: The human mycobiome, per se, along with its interactions with the human bacteriome and the host, may be implicated in the promotion and progression of carcinogenesis. Fungi may be used as diagnostic and prognostic/predictive tools or treatment targets for cancer in the coming years. More large-scale, prospective, multicentric and longitudinal studies with an integrative multi-omics methodology are required to examine the precise contribution of the mycobiome in the etiopathogenesis of cancer, and to delineate whether changes that occur in the mycobiome are causal or consequent of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vallianou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Str., 10676 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (F.P.)
- Correspondence: (N.V.); (M.D.)
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Str., 10676 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (F.P.)
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Str., 10676 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (F.P.)
| | - Irene Karampela
- Second Department of Critical Care, Attikon General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini St, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (N.V.); (M.D.)
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Paiva WKVD, Medeiros WRDBD, Assis CFD, Dos Santos ES, de Sousa Júnior FC. Physicochemical characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of hyaluronic acid produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus CCT 7546. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:234-243. [PMID: 34057882 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1929320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer with applications in different areas such as medicine and cosmetics. HA is currently either isolated from animal sources or produced by microbial fermentation. Animal HA presents some disadvantages such as high cost and risk of viral cross-species or another infectious agent. In the present study, we evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and in vitro antioxidant capacity of HA produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus CCT 7546. In addition, commercial sodium hyaluronate (SH) from an animal source was used as control. The microbial HA yield after purification was 69.8 mg/L. According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it was seen that bacterial and animal HA spectra are overlapped. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed that microbial HA was more stable than its equivalent from the animal source. However, scanning electron microscopy indicates that the purification method used in the animal product was more effective. Microbial HA showed activity in total antioxidant capacity (14.02 ± 0.38%), reducing power (18.18 ± 6.43%), DPPH radical-scavenging (5.57 ± 0.23 kmol TE/g), and hydroxyl radical-scavenging (28.39 ± 2.40%) tests. Therefore, in vitro antioxidant tests demonstrated that the antioxidant action mechanism occurs through scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and donating electrons/hydrogen atoms.
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Structure, preparation, modification, and bioactivities of β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:445-456. [PMID: 33497691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to solve the antibiotic resistance, the research on antibiotic substitutes has received an extensive attention. Many studies have shown that β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall have the potential to replace antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, thereby reducing the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. β-Glucan and mannan had a variety of biological functions, including improving the intestinal environment, stimulating innate and acquired immunity, adsorbing mycotoxins, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and so on. The biological activities of β-glucan and mannan can be improved by chemically modifying its primary structure or reducing molecular weight. In this paper, the structure, preparation, modification, and biological activities of β-glucan and mannan were reviewed, which provided future perspectives of β-glucan and mannan.
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Hajhosseini A, Doroud D, Sharifan A, Eftekhari Z. Stress response and characterization of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein. J Food Sci 2021; 86:454-462. [PMID: 33438241 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was intended to investigate physico-chemical, rheological, and emulsifying properties of oil-in-water emulsions prepared from the Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KMM). Also, the stress-response function of the KMM emulsions was compared with that of the whey protein concentrate (WPC) emulsions in terms of zeta potential, size, and rheology. The stress experiments were conducted at different pH (3 to 9), ionic composition (0 to 500 mM NaCl), and temperatures (30 to 90 °C). The extracted KMM with a molecular weight of 107.2 kDa had 28.8% proteins and 68.22% carbohydrates. With increasing the KMM concentration to 1.5% (w/w), the zeta potential, droplet size, and apparent viscosity of the emulsions reached -35 mV, ∼1 μ, and ∼9 mPa·s, respectively. After applying pH, ionic composition, and temperature, the KMM emulsions were more stable than the WPC emulsions. In conclusion, KMM can be used as a bioemulsifier and be more effective in stabilizing emulsions than WPC. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Yeasts are a rich source of natural materials. In this study, we extracted mannoproteins from the yeast cell wall and evaluated their functional properties to be used as an emulsifier in oil-in-water emulsions. The results of this study confirm that the yeast-derived mannoproteins are good at stabilizing these emulsions either in the presence or absence of different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Hajhosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Doroud
- Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anousheh Sharifan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Eftekhari
- Quality Control Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Dantas-Medeiros R, Furtado AA, Zanatta AC, Torres-Rêgo M, Guimarães Lourenço EM, Ferreira Alves JS, Galinari É, Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha H, Bernardo Guerra GC, Vilegas W, Antônio de Sousa Araújo T, de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa M, Zucolotto SM. Mass spectrometry characterization of Commiphora leptophloeos leaf extract and preclinical evaluation of toxicity and anti-inflammatory potential effect. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113229. [PMID: 32810623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillett (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant native from the brazilian northeast caatinga biome, known popularly as "imburana" or "imburana-de-cambão". The leaves of C. leptophloeos are widely used in folk medicine in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. However, there is no scientific evidence to justify their popular use. AIM OF THE STUDY This approach aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile of hydroethanolic leaf extract, as well as evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential activity and to investigate the acute toxicity with pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo methodologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phytochemical profile was characterized by UPLC-MS and FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS. The in vitro anti-inflammatory potential the hydroethanolic extract of C. leptophloeos (1, 10, 100 and 200 μg/mL) was investigated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide assay, in order to analyze the potential decrease of nitric oxide (NO) production. For carrageenan-induced paw edema and zymosan-induced air pouch models, the extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was administrated by intragastric gavage (i.g.) route and used for evaluating the anti-inflammatory effect in vivo. Related to the first animal model, the antiedematogenic activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels could be investigated. In addition, the zymosan-induced air pouch model allowed the analyses of leukocytes migration, total MPO, malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10) levels. The toxicity in vitro of the extract (1, 10, 100 and 200 μg/mL) was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and acute toxicity in vivo was tested using the extract at 2000 mg/kg by i. g. route. RESULTS The phytochemical analyses of C. leptophloeos leaf extract pointed the presence of six glycosylated flavonoids, identified as orientin, isoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin, quercetrin and isoquercitrin. A decrease of NO in vitro was noticed by the use of the extract in the LPS-induced nitric oxide assay and an expressive reduction of the paw-edema followed by a decrease of myeloperoxidase activity at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. The zymosan-induced air pouch model indicated that the extract, in all doses, significantly reduced the leukocytes migration, total protein concentration, MPO and MDA levels. The levels of cytokines were verified by the administration of extract in this model, revealing a lower of TNF-α level and an increase of the IL-10 production. In the toxicity study, the MTT assay evidenced no cytotoxicity of the tested concentrations and acute toxicity in vivo test did not result in any sign of toxicity and mortality or significant changes on the biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION Based on these results, is possible suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity revealed in this approach can be related to the modulating the level of cytokine, decrease of TNF-α, increase of IL-10 in vivo and also the inhibition of the production of nitric oxide RAW 264.7 activated by LPS. These results demonstrate the potential anti-inflammatory effect C. leptophloeos leaf extrat in inflammatory in vivo models, supporting its use in folk medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Finally, glycosylated flavonoids can be responsible, at least in part, for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Dantas-Medeiros
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Allanny Alves Furtado
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Ana C Zanatta
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, 14800-060, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, 11330-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Estela Mariana Guimarães Lourenço
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jovelina Samara Ferreira Alves
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil
| | - Éder Galinari
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Natural Polymers Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue Salgado Filho, 59078-970, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue Salgado Filho, Natal, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, 11330-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenue General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, S/N, Petrópolis, 59012-570, Natal, Brazil.
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Gut mycobiome: A promising target for colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188489. [PMID: 33278512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The human gut is mainly habited by a staggering amount and abundance of bacteria as well as fungi. Gut dysbiosis is believed as a pivotal factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Lately increasing evidence from animal or clinical studies suggested that fungal disturbance also contributed to CRC development. This review summarized the current status of fungal dysbiosis in CRC and highlighted the potential tumorigenic mechanisms of fungi. Then the fungal markers and some therapeutic strategies for CRC were discussed. It would provide a better understanding of the correlation of mycobiota and CRC, and modulating fungal community would be a promising target against CRC.
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Fernandes-Negreiros MM, Batista LANC, Silva Viana RL, Araujo Sabry D, Paiva AAO, Paiva WS, Machado RIA, de Sousa Junior FL, de Lima Pontes D, Vitoriano JDO, Alves Junior C, Lanzi Sassaki G, Rocha HAO. Gallic Acid-Laminarin Conjugate Is a Better Antioxidant than Sulfated or Carboxylated Laminarin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121192. [PMID: 33260982 PMCID: PMC7759860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A 12.4 kDa laminarin (LM) composed of β(1→3)-glucan with β(1→6)-branches was extracted from brown seaweed Lobophora variegata and modified via carboxylation using dielectric barrier discharge (LMC), conjugation with gallic acid (LMG), and sulfation (LMS). Analyses of the chemical composition of LMC, LMG, and LMS yielded 11.7% carboxyl groups, 1.5% gallic acid, and 1.4% sulfate content, respectively. Antioxidant activities of native and modified laminarins were assessed using six different in vitro methods. Sulfation stopped the antioxidant activities of LM. On the other hand, carboxylation improved cooper chelation (1.2 times). LMG was found to be a more efficient antioxidant agent than LM in terms of copper chelation (1.3 times), reducing power (1.3 times), and total antioxidant capacity (80 times). Gallic acid conjugation was further confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy analyses. LMG also did not induce cell death or affect the cell cycle of Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. On the contrary, LMG protected MDCK cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Taken together, these results show that LMG has the potent antioxidant capacity, and, therefore, potential applications in pharmacological and functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Medeiros Fernandes-Negreiros
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
| | - Lucas Alighieri Neves Costa Batista
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
| | - Rony Lucas Silva Viana
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
| | - Diego Araujo Sabry
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
| | | | - Weslley Souza Paiva
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
| | - Raynara Iusk Araujo Machado
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
| | - Francimar Lopes de Sousa Junior
- Laboratório de Química de Coordenação e Polímeros-LQCPol, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal-RN 59.078-970, Brazil; (F.L.d.S.J.); (D.d.L.P.)
| | - Daniel de Lima Pontes
- Laboratório de Química de Coordenação e Polímeros-LQCPol, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal-RN 59.078-970, Brazil; (F.L.d.S.J.); (D.d.L.P.)
| | - Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano
- Centro Integrado de Inovação Tecnológica do Semiárido (CiTED), Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró 59.625-900, Brazil; (J.d.O.V.); (C.A.J.)
| | - Clodomiro Alves Junior
- Centro Integrado de Inovação Tecnológica do Semiárido (CiTED), Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró 59.625-900, Brazil; (J.d.O.V.); (C.A.J.)
| | | | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil; (M.M.F.-N.); (L.A.N.C.B.); (R.L.S.V.); (D.A.S.); (W.S.P.); (R.I.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-99999-9561
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Hosseini M, Sharifan A. Biological Properties of Yeast-based Mannoprotein for Prospective Biomedical Applications. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:831-840. [PMID: 32819224 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999200818162030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. OBJECTIVE This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM). METHODS The KM extract was obtained through a sequence of operations, including centrifugation for cell isolation, precipitation with potassium citrate/sodium metabisulfite, and recovery and purification. Its antioxidant, growth inhibition, macrophage mitogenic, and toxic activities were evaluated for its future use in the biomedical field. RESULTS Significant inhibitory effects of KM were obtained on reactive species. It showed antiproliferative activity against HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines with no toxic effects on HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). The in vitro model of CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines did not show the cytotoxic and genotoxic of KM. Moreover, it enhanced macrophage activity in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production and viability. No sign of acute toxicity was found in BALB/c mice, and body weight remained unchanged in guinea pigs over three months. CONCLUSION Comprehensive biological evaluations in this study are expected to expand the potential of KM as a natural material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Currently at Diagnostic and Therapeutic Industrial Group, Khayyam Innovation Ecosystem, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anoosheh Sharifan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Karim A, Gerliani N, Aïder M. Kluyveromyces marxianus: An emerging yeast cell factory for applications in food and biotechnology. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 333:108818. [PMID: 32805574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several yeasts, which are eukaryotic microorganisms, have long been used in different industries due to their potential applications, both for fermentation and for the production of specific metabolites. Kluyveromyces marxianus is one of the most auspicious nonconventional yeasts, generally isolated from wide-ranging natural habitats such as fermented traditional dairy products, kefir grain, sewage from sugar industries, sisal leaves, and plants. This is a food-grade yeast with various beneficial traits, such as rapid growth rate and thermotolerance that make it appealing for different industrial food and biotechnological applications. K. marxianus is a respiro-fermentative yeast likely to produce energy by either respiration or fermentation pathways. It generates a wide-ranging specific metabolites and could contribute to a variety of different food and biotechnological industries. Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most widely used dominant representative in all aspects, many applications of K. marxianus in biotechnology, food and environment have only started to emerge nowadays; some of the most promising applications are reviewed here. The general physiology of K. marxianus is outlined, and then the different applications are discussed: first, the applications of K. marxianus in biotechnology, and then the recent advances and possible applications in food, feed and environmental industries. Finally, this review provides a discussion of the main challenges and some perspectives for targeted applications of K. marxianus in the modern food technology and applied biotechnology in order to exploit the full potential of this yeast which can be used as a cell factory with great efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahasanul Karim
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Natela Gerliani
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mohammed Aïder
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Barbosa LMQ, Amaral-Machado L, Félix-Silva J, Oliveira WN, Alencar ÉN, Rocha KBP, Medeiros ADC, Rocha HAO, Fernandes-Pedrosa MF, Egito EST. Bullfrog Oil Reduces the Carrageenan-induced Edema in Wistar Rats by in vitro Reduction of Inflammatory Mediators. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:133-142. [PMID: 31941865 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullfrog oil (BFO) is a natural product from the adipose tissue of the amphibian Rana catesbeiana Shaw, a bio-product rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which claims anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the anti-inflammatory activity of BFO using in vivo and in vitro assays. Thus, the in vitro cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay. Additionally, the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was performed by the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in Wistar rats, followed by histological analysis. Moreover, the BFO effect on inflammatory pathways was investigated by in vitro evaluation of the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and type-6 interleukin (IL-6) and tumor-necrosis-factor (TNF) levels. In vivo experiments showed that BFO administered by intragastric route produced a significant anti-inflammatory effect, which was as substantial as indomethacin, the positive control. Histopathological analysis confirmed these results, showing the absence of the edema and minimal signs of inflammation in the paws of rats treated with BFO. The MTT results showed that BFO at all tested concentrations had no toxic effect against a macrophage cell line, not affecting the cell viability. In addition, after 48 hours of treatment, the BFO itself and its blend with Cetiol®-V (1:1v/v) at 200 µg.mL-1 were able to reduce the NO synthesis, and the IL-6 and TNF levels up to 35 ± 2%, 40 ± 6%, and 12 ± 3%, respectively. Therefore, these results provide unprecedented scientific evidence of the anti-inflammatory effect of BFO, suggesting its potential as a new candidate for the development of pharmaceutical products with anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Amaral-Machado
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN).,Graduation Program in Health Sciences, UFRN
| | | | - Wógenes N Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN).,Graduation Program in Health Sciences, UFRN
| | - Éverton N Alencar
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
| | | | | | - Hugo A O Rocha
- Laboratory of Natural Polymers Biotechnology (BioPol), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
| | | | - Eryvaldo S T Egito
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN).,Graduation Program in Health Sciences, UFRN
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Guluarte C, Reyes-Becerril M, Gonzalez-Silvera D, Cuesta A, Angulo C, Esteban MÁ. Probiotic properties and fatty acid composition of the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis M3. In vivo immunomodulatory activities in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:389-397. [PMID: 31520749 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the probiotic potential, fatty acid composition and immunostimulant activities of Kluyveromyces lactis M3 isolated from a hypersaline sediment. For this purpose, K. lactis M3 resistance to different pH, salinities and bile, as well as its antioxidant capability were assayed. Furthermore, total fatty acid composition of the yeast was determined where the dominant fatty acids were palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids. K. lactis M3 showed no cytotoxic effects on peripheral blood leukocytes. During an in vivo experiment in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), dietary K. lactis M3 supplemented at 0.55 or 1.1% of the basal diet enhanced bactericidal activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus N16, V. harveyi Lg 16/00, and V. anguillarum CECT 43442 compared to fish fed commercial diet (control group). Finally, nitric oxide production, peroxidase activity and skin mucus lectin union levels strongly increased in fish fed K. lactis M3 with respect to the control group. The results suggested that the yeast K. lactis M3 had exhibited high antioxidant capability, and its dietary administration at 0.55 or 1% basal diet had immunostimulant activity for gilthead seabream. For all these reasons, it should be considered an appropriate probiotic candidate for the aquaculture fish industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Guluarte
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Silvera
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Fidelis GP, Silva CHF, Nobre LTDB, Medeiros VP, Rocha HAO, Costa LS. Antioxidant Fucoidans Obtained from Tropical Seaweed Protect Pre-Osteoblastic Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Damage. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E506. [PMID: 31466337 PMCID: PMC6780742 DOI: 10.3390/md17090506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Some antioxidant compounds decrease the amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently reduce the deleterious effects of ROS in osteoblasts. Thus, these compounds fight against osteoporosis. Brown seaweeds are a rich source of antioxidant fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (fucans and fucoidans). We obtained six fucoidans (FRFs)-F0.3, F0.5, F0.7, F1.0, F1.5, and F2.1-from Dictyota mertensii by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. Except for F0.3, all FRFs showed antioxidant activity in different in vitro tests. In pre- osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-L1) exposed to H2O2-oxidative stress, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were activated, resulting in apoptosis of the cells. We also observed a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The antioxidant FRFs protected the cells from the oxidative damage caused by H2O2, decreasing intracellular ROS and caspase activation, and increasing SOD activity. The most effective protection against damage was provided by F0.7, F1.5, and F2.1. At 0.5 mg/mL, these FRFs also suppressed the H2O2-mediated inhibition of ALP activity. The data indicated that FRFs F0.7, F1.5, and F2.1 from D. mertensii were antioxidants that protected bone tissue from oxidative stress and could represent possible adjuvants for the treatment of bone fragility through counteracting oxidative phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Pereira Fidelis
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Valquíria Pereira Medeiros
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59.078-970, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Silva Costa
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência, e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Rio Grande do Norte, Canguaretama, Rio Grande do Norte 59.500-000, Brazil
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Rai AK, Pandey A, Sahoo D. Biotechnological potential of yeasts in functional food industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Anti-Thrombin, Anti-Adhesive, Anti-Migratory, and Anti-Proliferative Activities of Sulfated Galactans from the Tropical Green Seaweed, Udotea flabellum. Mar Drugs 2018; 17:md17010005. [PMID: 30577590 PMCID: PMC6356399 DOI: 10.3390/md17010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, sulfated polysaccharide-rich extracts were isolated from 22 tropical seaweeds (4 red, 11 brown, and 7 green) found in northeastern Brazil, and evaluated for the role of anticoagulant agents. Fifteen of the extracts showed anticoagulant activity, including all the extracts from green seaweeds. Udoteaflabellum (a green seaweed) extract was the most potent, requiring an amount of only 3 µg to double the plasma coagulation time in the activated partial thromboplastin time test. A similar result was obtained with 1 µg of heparin. Two sulfated homogalactans with anticoagulant activity, F-I (130 kDa) and F-II (75 kDa), were isolated from this extract using several bio-guided purification steps. Their anticoagulant activity, as well as properties related to antitumor activity (anti-proliferative, anti-adhesive, and anti-migratory), were accessed. Their anticoagulant activities were close to that of heparin. We found that F-I and F-II (0.5–10 μg/mL) were not able to directly inhibit thrombin. In the presence of anti-thrombin, F-I (0.5 μg/mL) was more effective than heparin (0.5 μg/mL) in inhibiting thrombin, while F-II showed similar effects as heparin. F-I and F-II also inhibited B16-F10 (murine melanoma cells) adhesion, migration, and proliferation on a fibronectin-coated surface, but not on laminin- or collagen I-coated surfaces. Except for the antiproliferative activity, the other effects of F-I and F-II were eliminated upon their desulfation (~50%), indicating that the degree of sulfation is not as important for F-I and F-II anti-proliferative activity as the sulfation position. Taken together, the results provide strong evidence for the potential utility of sulfated galactans from U.flabellum, making these compounds an interesting option for future investigations that aim to design new anticoagulant/antitumor agents.
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Liu Y, Mo WJ, Shi TF, Wang MZ, Zhou JG, Yu Y, Yew WS, Lu H. Mutational Mtc6p attenuates autophagy and improves secretory expression of heterologous proteins in Kluyveromyces marxianus. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:144. [PMID: 30217195 PMCID: PMC6138896 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus is an emerging cell factory for heterologous protein biosynthesis and its use holds tremendous advantages for multiple applications. However, which genes influence the productivity of desired proteins in K. marxianus has so far been investigated by very few studies. RESULTS In this study, we constructed a K. marxianus recombinant (FIM1/Est1E), which expressed the heterologous ruminal feruloyl esterase Est1E as reporter. UV-60Co-γ irradiation mutagenesis was performed on this recombinant, and one mutant (be termed as T1) was screened and reported, in which the productivity of heterologous Est1E was increased by at least tenfold compared to the parental FIM1/Est1E recombinant. Transcriptional perturbance was profiled and presented that the intracellular vesicle trafficking was enhanced while autophagy be weakened in the T1 mutant. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing combined with CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene-editing identified a novel functional protein Mtc6p, which was prematurely terminated at Tyr251 by deletion of a single cytosine at 755 loci of its ORF in the T1 mutant. We found that deleting C755 of MTC6 in FIM1 led to 4.86-fold increase in the production of Est1E compared to FIM1, while the autophagy level decreased by 47%; on the contrary, when reinstating C755 of MTC6 in the T1 mutant, the production of Est1E decreased by 66% compared to T1, while the autophagy level increased by 124%. Additionally, in the recombinant with attenuated autophagy (i.e., FIM1 mtc6C755Δ and T1) or interdicted autophagy (i.e., FIM1 atg1Δ and T1 atg1Δ), the productivity of three other heterologous proteins was also increased, specifically the heterologous mannase Man330, the β-1,4-endoxylanase XynCDBFV or the conventional EGFP. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that Mtc6p was involved in regulating autophagy; attenuating or interdicting autophagy would dramatically improve the yields of desired proteins in K. marxianus, and this modulation could be achieved by focusing on the premature mutation of Mtc6p target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Juan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Fang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Shan Yew
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
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Presa FB, Marques MLM, Viana RLS, Nobre LTDB, Costa LS, Rocha HAO. The Protective Role of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Green Seaweed Udotea flabellum in Cells Exposed to Oxidative Damage. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16040135. [PMID: 29677120 PMCID: PMC5923422 DOI: 10.3390/md16040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweed is a rich source of bioactive sulfated polysaccharides. We obtained six sulfated polysaccharide-rich fractions (UF-0.3, UF-0.5, UF-0.6, UF-0.7, UF-1.0, and UF-2.0) from the green seaweed Udotea flabellum (UF) by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. Biochemical analysis of these fractions showed that they were enriched with sulfated galactans. The viability and proliferative capacity of 3T3 fibroblasts exposed to FeSO4 (2 µM), CuSO4 (1 µM) or ascorbate (2 mM) was not affected. However, these cells were exposed to oxidative stress in the presence of FeSO4 or CuSO4 and ascorbate, which caused the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, resulting in apoptosis of the cells. We also observed increased lipid peroxidation, evaluated by the detection of malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. Treating the cells with the ultrafiltrate fractions (UF) fractions protected the cells from the oxidative damage caused by the two salts and ascorbate. The most effective protection against the oxidative damage caused by iron was provided by UF-0.7 (1.0 mg/mL); on treatment with UF-0.7, cell viability was 55%. In the case of copper, cell viability on treatment with UF-0.7 was ~80%, but the most effective fraction in this model was UF-2.0, with cell viability of more than 90%. The fractions, mainly UF-0.7 and UF-2.0, showed low iron chelating activity, but high copper chelating activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). These results suggested that some of their protective mechanisms stem from these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Bastos Presa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Maxsuell Lucas Mendes Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Rony Lucas Silva Viana
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | | | - Leandro Silva Costa
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência, e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Ceara-Mirim 59900-000, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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