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Gu P, Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Xu P, Zhao X, Wang X, Zhang T, Bao Y, Shi W. Chinese yam polysaccharide-loaded aluminium hydroxide nanoparticles used as vaccine adjuvant to induce potent humoral and cellular immune responses. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 281:135914. [PMID: 39370063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Due to their safety and efficacy, aluminium salts (Alum) are considered the most important adjuvants in human vaccines. However, Alum adjuvants are unable to elicit a cellular immune response, which is vital for the prevention of various chronic infectious diseases and cancers. Herein, we isolated and purified a water-soluble polysaccharide from Chinese yam, named CYP, which was primarily composed of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, and α-D-Glcp-(1→. Meanwhile, we prepared aluminium hydroxide nanoparticles (Al NPs) with a nanometer-scale size and thin stick-like shape. Being an immunostimulant, the CYP was then loaded onto the Al NPs to obtain a novel adjuvant delivery system (CYP-Al NPs) that enhances the immunostimulatory activity of CYP. Our findings showed that the CYP-Al NPs facilitated macrophages activation and promoted the antigen uptake by macrophages. The in vivo experiment showed that the CYP-Al NPs, as the adjuvant to ovalbumin, promoted the activation of dendritic cells and germinal center B cells in draining lymph nodes, induced a durable and strong antibody response, especially the Th1-type IgG2a antibody response, and improved the cytotoxic T lymphocytes response. These results demonstrated that the CYP-Al NPs could generate robust humoral and cellular responses, and has the great potential to serve as an adjuvant delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yixuan Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tie Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yongzhan Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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2
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Yang Q, Chang SL, Tian YM, Li W, Ren JL. Glucan polysaccharides isolated from Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka mushroom: Structural characterization and in vitro bioactivities. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122171. [PMID: 38710561 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Commercially available mushroom polysaccharides have found widespread use as adjuvant tumor treatments. However, the bioactivity of polysaccharides in Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka (L. hatsudake), a mushroom with both edible and medicinal uses, remains relatively unexplored. To address this gap, five L. hatsudake polysaccharides with varying molecular weights were isolated, named LHP-1 (898 kDa), LHP-2 (677 kDa), LHP-3 (385 kDa), LHP-4 (20 kDa), and LHP-5 (4.9 kDa). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and atomic force microscopy, etc., were employed to determine their structural characteristics. The results confirmed that spherical aggregates with amorphous flexible fiber chains dominated the conformation of the LHP. LHP-1 and LHP-2 were identified as glucans with α-(1,4)-Glcp as the main chain; LHP-3 and LHP-4 were classified as galactans with varying molecular weights but with α-(1,6)-Galp as the main chain; LHP-5 was a glucan with β-(1,3)-Glcp as the main chain and β-(1,6)-Glcp connecting to the side chains. Significant differences were observed in inhibiting tumor cell cytotoxicity and the antioxidant activity of the LHPs, with LHP-5 and LHP-4 identified as the principal bioactive components. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the valuable use of L. hatsudake and emphasize the potential application of LHPs in therapeutic tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Song-Lin Chang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Yi-Ming Tian
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Wang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Jia-Li Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China.
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3
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Li WB, Lei J, Qu Mo MM, Li J, Wei J, Liu Y, Wang S, Hu YC, Zou L, Wu DT. Impacts of ultrasound-assisted Fenton degradation and alkaline de-esterification on structural properties and biological effects of pectic polysaccharides from Tartary buckwheat leaves. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 106:106895. [PMID: 38705082 PMCID: PMC11074966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn) leaf has abundant rhamnogalacturonan-I enriched pectic polysaccharides, which exert various health-promoting effects. Nevertheless, the potential relationship between the chemical structure and the biological function of pectic polysaccharides from Tartary buckwheat leaves (TBP) remains unclear. Therefore, to bridge the gap between the chemical structure and the biological function of TBP, the impacts of ultrasound-assisted Fenton degradation (UFD) and mild alkaline de-esterification (MAD) on structural properties and biological effects of TBP were systematically studied. Compared with the native TBP (molecular mass, 9.537 × 104 Da), the molecular masses of degraded TBPs (TBP-MMW, 4.811 × 104 Da; TBP-LMW, 2.101 × 104 Da) were significantly reduced by the UFD modification, while their primary chemical structures were overall stable. Besides, compared with the native TBP (esterification degree, 22.73 %), the esterification degrees of de-esterified TBPs (TBP-MDE, 14.27 %; TBP-LDE, 6.59 %) were notably reduced by the MAD modification, while their primary chemical structures were also overall stable. Furthermore, the results revealed that both UFD and MAD modifications could significantly improve the antioxidant, antiglycation, and immunostimulatory effects of TBP. Indeed, TBP's biological effects were negatively correlated to its molecular mass and esterification degree, while positively linked to its free uronic acids. The findings demonstrate that both UFD and MAD modifications are promising techniques for the structural modification of TBP, which can remarkedly promote its biological effects. Besides, the present results are conducive to better understanding TBP's structure-bioactivity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bing Li
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Lei
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei-Mei Qu Mo
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yi-Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China.
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Idoudi S, Tourrette A, Bouajila J, Romdhane M, Elfalleh W. The genus Polygonum: An updated comprehensive review of its ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and phytopharmaceutical formulation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28947. [PMID: 38638945 PMCID: PMC11024578 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polygonum is a plant genus that includes annual and perennial species and is found at various temperatures, from northern temperate regions to tropical and subtropical areas. The genus Polygonum has been used for centuries for various disorders, including hypertension, intestinal and stomach pain, dysuria, jaundice, toothaches, skin allergies, hemorrhoids, cardiac disorders, kidney stones, hemostasis, hyperglycemia, and others. Various databases, including Google Scholar, Scifinder, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, ResearchGate, and Web of Science, were utilized to collect pertinent scientific literature data. According to bibliographic studies, the Polygonum genus possesses various compounds from different families, including phenolic acids (gallic acid, caffeic acid, quinic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, and many other compounds), flavonoids (quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, quercitrin, kaempferol, myricetin, etc.), tannins, stilbenes (polydatin and resveratrol), terpenes (α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide, bisabolene, β-farnesene, etc.), fatty acids (decanoic acid, lauric acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, dodecanoic acid), polysaccharides, and others. Various chemical and biological activities (in vitro and in vivo), such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, neuropharmacological, gastroprotective, diuretic, antipyretic, and others, have been described in several biological studies involving this species. An updated summary of Polygonum species and their ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, toxicological, pharmacological, and phytopharmaceutical formulations is necessary. Considering the numerous potentialities of the Polygonum species and their wide-ranging use, it is extremely essential to provide knowledge by compiling the accessible literature to identify the topics of intense investigation and the main gaps to better design future studies. The objective of this review is to give readers a better understanding, greater comprehension, and in-depth knowledge of the genus Polygonum's traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicological features, and galenic formulation. Several species of this genus have been detailed in this review, including those that were frequently used in traditional medicine (P. minus, P. aviculare, P. hydropiper, P. cuspidatum, and P. multiflorum) and many of the genus' therapeutic species, like P. equisetiforme, which do not get enough attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourour Idoudi
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Tunisia
- CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Audrey Tourrette
- CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse INP, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Mehrez Romdhane
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Tunisia
| | - Walid Elfalleh
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Tunisia
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Chen H, Wu Y, Wang B, Kui M, Xu J, Ma H, Li J, Zeng J, Gao W, Chen K. Skin healthcare protection with antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activity of polysaccharide purification from Bletilla striata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130016. [PMID: 38365139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the structural characterization and biological activities of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSPs) for their role as antioxidants and anti-melanogenesis agents in skin healthcare protection. Three neutral polysaccharides (BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3) with molecular weights of 269.121 kDa, 57.389 kDa, and 28.153 kDa were extracted and purified. Their structural characteristics were analyzed by ion chromatography, GC-MS, and 1D/2D NMR. The results showed that BSP-1, which constitutes the major part of BSPs, was composed of α-D-Glcp, β-D-Glcp, β-D-Manp, and 2-O-acetyl-β-D-Manp, with the branched-chain accompanied by β-D-Galp and α-D-Glcp. BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3 can enhance the total antioxidant capacity of skin fibroblasts with non-toxicity. Meanwhile, BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3 could significantly inhibit the proliferative activity of melanoma cells. Among them, BSP-1 and BSP-2 showed more significance in anti-melanogenesis, tyrosinase inhibition activity, and cell migration inhibition. BSPs have effective antioxidant capacity and anti-melanogenesis effects, which should be further emphasized and developed as skin protection components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Minghong Kui
- Guangdong Guanhao High-Tech Co., Ltd., No. 313 Donghai Avenue, Donghai Island, Zhanjiang 524072, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Ma
- Guangdong Guanhao New Material R & D Co., Ltd., Xiangjiang Financial Business Center, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511457, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenhua Gao
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kefu Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Liu S, Li M, Liu W, Zhang Z, Wang X, Dong H. Structure and properties of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Massa Medicata Fermentata: Neuroprotective and antioxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129128. [PMID: 38176512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) is a fermented food with therapeutic effects. Previous studies suggested that after stir-frying, the uronic acid content in MMF crude polysaccharides increases, and the pH value decreases, which is caused by the change in acidic polysaccharides. However, the detailed physicochemical properties and structure-activity correlation of the acidic polysaccharides in MMF have not been fully explored. In this study, two acidic polysaccharides (SMMFAP and CMMFAP) were isolated from the MMF and its stir-fried product, respectively. Their structural characteristics and bioactivities were comparatively studied, and the structure-activity correlation was examined. Our findings revealed that the SMMFAP had a higher average Mw and higher Gal and Man content than the CMMFAP. Both the SMMFAP and CMMFAP were mainly composed of Xyl, Man, and Gal residues, whereas the CMMFAP had fewer linkage types. Additionally, the CMMFAP exhibited stronger neuroprotective activity than the SMMFAP owing to its higher content of 1,6-linked-Galp, while the SMMFAP exhibited better antioxidant activity, which might be related to its higher average Mw. Our findings suggest that acidic polysaccharides may be the active substances that cause differences in effectiveness between the sheng and chao MMF. Furthermore, the research qualified the SMMFAP and CMMFAP with different potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
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Zheng CC, Li T, Tang YY, Lu T, Wu MK, Sun J, Man RJ, He XM, Zhou ZG. Structural and functional investigation on stem and peel polysaccharides from different varieties of pitaya. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129172. [PMID: 38176496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Varieties of plant species may affect the composition and structures of the polysaccharides, thus have an impact on their chemical properties and biological activities. Herein, the present study comparatively evaluated the differences in the chemical composition, morphological structures, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity of the stem and peel polysaccharides from different varieties of pitaya. The FT-IR and NMR spectra indicated that the six polysaccharides had similar structural features, whereas the physicochemical characterization showed that they differed significantly in terms of the monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and surface morphology. In addition, different varieties of pitaya polysaccharides exhibited different antioxidant activities and similar anti-inflammatory activities. These data suggested that varietal differences resulted in pitaya stem and peel polysaccharides with different monosaccharide compositions and molecular weights, thus led to different antioxidant activities and protection against oxidative damage, while similar structural features were closely related to their similar anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, the study of the stem and peel polysaccharides from different varieties of pitaya can help us to better understand the relationship between their composition and structure and their biological activities. In addition, pitaya stem and peel polysaccharides have the potential to act as antioxidants or to treat inflammatory damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chong Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, Guangxi Higher Education Institutes Key Laboratory for New Chemical and Biological Transformation Process Technology, Nanning, China; Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China; Key Laboratory of Universities in Guangxi for Excavation and Development of Ancient Ethnomedicinal Recipes, Nanning, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, Guangxi Higher Education Institutes Key Laboratory for New Chemical and Biological Transformation Process Technology, Nanning, China; Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Ya-Yuan Tang
- Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Tian Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, Guangxi Higher Education Institutes Key Laboratory for New Chemical and Biological Transformation Process Technology, Nanning, China; Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Meng-Ke Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, Guangxi Higher Education Institutes Key Laboratory for New Chemical and Biological Transformation Process Technology, Nanning, China; Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Ruo-Jun Man
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, Guangxi Higher Education Institutes Key Laboratory for New Chemical and Biological Transformation Process Technology, Nanning, China; Key Laboratory of Universities in Guangxi for Excavation and Development of Ancient Ethnomedicinal Recipes, Nanning, China.
| | - Xue-Mei He
- Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China.
| | - Zhu-Gui Zhou
- Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Nanning, China.
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8
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Liu T, Ren Q, Wang S, Gao J, Shen C, Zhang S, Wang Y, Guan F. Chemical Modification of Polysaccharides: A Review of Synthetic Approaches, Biological Activity and the Structure-Activity Relationship. Molecules 2023; 28:6073. [PMID: 37630326 PMCID: PMC10457902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are macromolecular substances with great potential owing to their wide biological activity and low toxicity. However, not all polysaccharides have significant pharmacodynamic activity; hence, appropriate chemical modification methods can be selected according to the unique structural characteristics of polysaccharides to assist in enhancing and promoting the presentation of their biological activities. This review summarizes research progress on modified polysaccharides, including common chemical modification methods, the change in biological activity following modification, and the factors affecting the biological activity of chemically modified polysaccharides. At the same time, the difficulties and challenges associated with the structural modification of natural polysaccharides are also outlined in this review. Thus, research on polysaccharide structure modification is critical for improving the development and utilization of sugar products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Qianqian Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jianing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Congcong Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Feng Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China; (T.L.); (Q.R.); (S.W.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
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9
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Zhang P, Xu Y, Qu F, Zhou P, Zhang J, Bi X, Xiao Y, Liu Y. Rapid quality evaluation of four kinds of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata by electronic eye combined with chemometrics. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023; 34:301-316. [PMID: 36697250 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., a widely used herbal medicine, has trouble with the hepatic adverse effect. Processing is an effective method to increase potency and reduce the adverse effects of herbal medicines. Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), the decoction pieces processed from raw material, is widely consumed in clinical practice in many countries. The quality control of PMRP has attracted more and more attention worldwide. OBJECTIVE A simple and rapid quality evaluation method using an electronic eye (E-eye) combined with chemometrics was proposed for controlling the quality of PMRP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The semi-quantitative and quantitative data of 105 major components in 128 batches of PMRP samples obtained by three different analysis instruments were fused to investigate the correlation with the dynamic exterior colour determined by E-eye. The correlation between exterior colour and chemical fusion dataset was investigated by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). According to the results of correlation analysis, the color parameters of high-quality PMRP was set. RESULTS Correlation studies by chemometrics revealed that the exterior colour depth was significantly correlated with 32 components [variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 1.0, p < 0.05]. The colour parameter of E * ab located in the range of 46.69-51.66 can be used easily, rapidly, and in an environment-friendly way to determine whether the PMRP sample has reached sufficient processing time with good quality. CONCLUSION This study adds some scientific information to our understanding of traditional medicine while contributing an alternative method for assessing the quality of other decoction pieces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yudi Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanna Qu
- Heilongjiang Institute for drug control, Harbin, Nangang District, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Bi
- Heilongjiang Institute for drug control, Harbin, Nangang District, China
| | - Yongqing Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Zhang Z, Li G, Wei Y, Feng Z, Fang L, Li M, Ren J, Liu W, Gan J. In vitro immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of oligopeptides and four characteristic peptides in black-bone silky fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson). J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14469. [PMID: 36206545 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Black-bone silky fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson) is considered to have strengthening effect on the body and immunomodulatory effects. The black-bone silky fowl peptide (BSFP) was produced by enzymatic digestion of the whole black-bone silky fowl (including the head and claws) after removal of the viscera. Afterwards, the four of the characteristic peptides Glu-Phe (EF), Glu-Glu-Leu (EEL), Glu-His-Pro-Thr (EHPT), Ala-Gly-Gly-His (AGGF) of the BSFP were identified by HPLC-MS/MS. The preventive effects of BSFP and the four characteristic peptides on antioxidant and immunomodulation were investigated. The antioxidant capacity was assessed by in vitro HepG2 intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The immunomodulatory experiments were conducted by measuring the effects of the BSFP and four peptides on the proliferation of splenocytes, T and B lymphocytes cells, the CD4+ /CD8+ T lymphocytes ratio, and the phagocytic capacity of macrophages and the nitric oxide (NO) content of macrophages. The four peptides of BSFP showed strong antioxidant capacity, with the most potent peptide for intracellular ROS being AGGF, with 56% inhibition. AGGF, EF, and BSFP showed highly positive effects on splenocyte proliferation and when Concanavalin A (ConA) was used as a stimulus for T lymphocytes and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a stimulus for B lymphocytes, the peptides stimulated cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Of these, EF, AGGF, and BSFP promoted the proliferation of T lymphocytes; EF, EHPT, and BSFP significantly promoted the proliferation of B lymphocytes. EHPT and BSFP increased the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio of T cells. Needle aspiration of neutral red was significantly promoted by macrophages treated with peptides other than EF. In addition, EEL, EHPT, AGGF, and BSFP had a promotive effect on NO production in phagocytes. The results indicate that BSFP is a peptide product with good immunomodulatory functions, four peptides identified from BSFP show outstanding effects in terms of antioxidant properties and immunomodulation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In this study, the amino acid composition and relative molecular masses of the black-bone silky fowl peptide were analyzed, while the four peptides with significant effects on antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties in black-bone silky fowl peptide were identified by HPLC-MS/MS technique. Positive effects of black-bone silky fowl peptide and its four peptides on antioxidant capacity and immunomodulatory ability as revealed by cell experiments. The results of this experiment provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the development of new functional foods using black-bone silky fowl peptide and their characteristic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Guoming Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Mingliang Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gan
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, China
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11
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Su Y, Wang Z, Yu Y, Zheng Q. Correlation between the redox activity of Polygonum multiflorum extract and its extraction technology with Chinese liquor (Baijiu): An electrochemistry-based study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09940. [PMID: 35865979 PMCID: PMC9293732 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the pharmaceutical mechanisms behind traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the key to promote its modernization process. In China, soaking TCM in liquor has a history of thousands of years, and many TCMs have to be processed into liquor before they can be used to treat diseases. Chinese liquor (Baijiu) contains more than 2,000 trace components, the interaction mechanism between TCM and Baijiu still remains unclear, making TCM a "mystery". The TCM industry commonly employs chromatographic and spectrographic technology to investigate the redox activity of TCM substances. However, only investigating the redox differences in specific active substances cannot provide a complete understanding of the redox activity of TCM substances. Thus, we employed the electrochemical approach to study the overall redox activity of substances in TCM in situ. The key result is that the redox substances in Baijiu function as a mediator for the redox reaction of Polygonum multiflorum extract. The redox efficiency of the extract is enhanced because of the faster electron transferability of the redox mediator in Baijiu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Yougui Yu
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology and Application for Ecological Baijiu Production, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology and Application for Ecological Baijiu Production, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, China
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12
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Gu D, Wang Y, Jin H, Kang S, Liu Y, Zan K, Fan J, Wei F, Ma S. Changes of Physicochemical Properties and Immunomodulatory Activity of Polysaccharides During Processing of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:934710. [PMID: 35784754 PMCID: PMC9243645 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.934710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (PM) have a long history of usage in traditional Chinese medicine and are still widely utilized today. PM in raw or processed form has different biological activities and is commonly used to treat different diseases. Polysaccharides are the main component of PM, and it is unclear whether their physicochemical properties and activities change after processing. In this study, the polysaccharides from thirty-one raw PM (RPMPs) and nine processed PM (PPMPs) were extracted, and the physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory activity in vitro of polysaccharide samples were evaluated. Results showed that RPMPs and PPMPs had significant differences in physicochemical properties. RPMPs and PPMPs were both composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. However, RPMPs and PPMPs had significant differences in their yields, molecular weight (Mw), and the molar ratio of Glc/GalA (p < 0.05), which can be used to distinguish raw and processed PM. The fingerprint of monosaccharide composition was analyzed by chemometrics, and it was further demonstrated that Glc and GalA could be used as differential markers. The immunomodulatory activity assays indicated that RPMPs and PPMPs could significantly enhance phagocytosis and mRNA expression of cytokines in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, the immunomodulatory activity of PPMPs with lower Mw was significantly better than that of RPMPs. This study furthers the understanding of the polysaccharides from raw and processed PM and provides a reference for improving the quality standard of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Gu
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Jin
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zan
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuangcheng Ma,
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13
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Xu D, Xiao J, Jiang D, Liu Y, Gou Z, Li J, Shi M, Wang X, Guo Y, Ma L, Yin H, Guo L, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Guo H. Inhibitory effects of a water-soluble jujube polysaccharide against biofilm-forming oral pathogenic bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:1046-1062. [PMID: 35378158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral diseases caused by infectious pathogens raises significant concerns in public health. In the light of side effects of current antibiotics therapy and growing drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, natural products have become attractive alternatives for antibiotics agents in dental practice. This current study investigated the effects of polysaccharides extracted from Zizyphus jujuba Mill. on three major oral biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria including caries-inducing Streptococcus mutans, lesions-causing MRSA, and periodontitis-related Porphyromonas gingivalis, as well as general oral microbiota. Our results demonstrated that jujube polysaccharide prepared in this study was mainly composed by galacturonic acid with an average molecular weight 242 kDa, which were further characterized for structural features by FT-IR spectra and NMR spectroscopy analysis. This jujube polysaccharide was shown to exhibit remarkable inhibitory effects against all the tested oral bacterial pathogens through various mechanisms including growth inhibition, biofilm prevention and disruption, intervention of bacterial infection (adhesion and invasion), attenuation of cytotoxicity, modulation of excessive inflammatory response of LPS-stimulated and MRSA-infected macrophages as well as positive regulation of oral microbiota. The present study paves the way to explore jujube polysaccharides for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases. Graphic Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jiu Xiao
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dazhao Jiang
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuolun Gou
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingyao Shi
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaxuan Guo
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunhui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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14
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Chen R, Xu J, Wu W, Wen Y, Lu S, El-Seedi HR, Zhao C. Structure–immunomodulatory activity relationships of dietary polysaccharides. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1330-1341. [PMID: 36082139 PMCID: PMC9445227 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are usually composed of more than ten monosaccharide units, which are connected by linear or branched glycosidic bonds. The immunomodulatory effect of natural polysaccharides is one of the most important bioactive function. In this review, molecular weight, monosaccharide (including galactose, mannose, rhamnogalacturonan-I arabinogalactan and uronic acid), functional groups (namely sulfate, selenium, and acetyl groups), types of glycoside bond connection (including β-1,3-D-glucosyl, α-1,4-D-glucosyl, β-1,4-D-glucosyl, α-1,6-D-glucosyl, β-1,4-D-mannosyl, and β-1,4-D-Xylopyranosyl), conformation and the branching degrees are systematically identified as their contribution to the immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides. At present, studies on the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides are limited due to their low purity and high heterogeneity. However, it is an important step in providing useful guidance for dietary supplements with polysaccharides. The chemical structures and the process of immune responses induced are necessary to be discussed. Polysaccharides may bind with the cell surface receptors to modulate immune responses. This review mainly discusses the structure-activity relationship of dietary polysaccharides. Structure - activity relationships of polysaccharides with immune-enhancing effect are proposed. Polysaccharides with the higher molecular weight are helpful to improve immunity. Higer galactose, mannose, rhamnogalacturonan-I, arabinogalacta,n and uronic acid contents have immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxin Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jingxiang Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Weihao Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Suyue Lu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Corresponding author.No.15 Shangxiadian Rd, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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15
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Geng XQ, Pan LC, Sun HQ, Ren YY, Zhu ZY. Structural characterization of a polysaccharide from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra) and its hypoglycemic effect and mechanism on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Food Funct 2022; 13:11973-11985. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02575b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel acidic polysaccharide named AeP-P-1 was prepared from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chao Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Hui-Qing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
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16
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Structure and immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble α-glucan from Hirsutella sinensis mycelia. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:857-868. [PMID: 34464642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hirsutella sinensis, the anamorph of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps sinensis), is a great substitute for precious and rare wild Cordyceps sinensis to effectively treat a variety of lung and kidney diseases. In this study, an α-glucan (named as HSWP-2a) was obtained by hot water extraction, DEAE-cellulose separation, and Sepharose CL-6B purification from H. sinensis mycelia. Different from known α-glucans, HSWP-2a is an α-(1 → 4)-D-glucan that branched at O-6, O-3, or O-2 with a terminal 1-linked α-D-Glcp as side chain, with an average molecular weight of 870.70 kDa. Immunological tests showed that HSWP-2a could remarkably enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages and increase the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, via activating the p38, JNK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Moreover, HSWP-2a could significantly promote splenic lymphocyte proliferation. Taken together, HSWP-2a may be potentially utilized as a natural immunomodulatory agent.
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17
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Chen W, Wang P, Chen H, Xing Y, Liu C, Pan G, Dou Z, Han L. The composition differences between small black beans and big black beans from different habitats and its effects on the processing of Polygonum multiflorum. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:767-779. [PMID: 33336449 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM) serve as a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has multiple biological activities. However, many cases of hepatotoxicity in PM have been reported in recent years. Processing PM with black beans decoction is one of the typical processing methods to reduce the hepatotoxicity of PM since ancient times. OBJECTIVES To find potential effective constituents, as well as the optimal variety and origin of black beans for the processing of PM. METHODS Based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) analysis, we measured the contents of the two potential toxic compounds (emodin-8-O-glucoside and torachrysone-O-hexose) in raw PM (R-PM), PM processed with big black beans (B-PM) and PM processed with small black beans (S-PM). The flow cytometry method analysed the effects of different processed products of PM on apoptosis of L02 cells in different drug concentration. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS together with multivariate statistical analysis were used to systematically analyse the different components between small black beans (Small-BB) and big black beans (Big-BB) from 30 different habitats. RESULTS The toxicity was ranked from small to large: S-PM < B-PM < R-PM. Processing PM with black beans could significantly decrease the apoptosis rate of L02 cells, especially when the drug concentration is 80 μg/mL. Besides, we find five differential compounds (α-arabinose, α-galactose, proline, isomer of daidzein and isomer of genistein) may be potential active ingredients. In terms of the black beans collected from 30 producing areas, we find that Small-BB from Weifang in Shandong province was optimum to processing PM, followed by Shangqiu in Henan province, Jilin and Liaoning province. CONCLUSION The ingredients that affect the processing of PM may be attributed to α-arabinose, α-galactose, proline, isomer of daidzein and isomer of genistein in black beans. When the drug concentration is higher, the effect of reducing the hepatotoxicity of PM is better. Besides, Small-BB was more effective than Big-BB for reducing the toxicity of PM, especially Small-BB from Weifang in Shandong, Shangqiu in Henan province and northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Piao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Characterization of a neutral polysaccharide from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) with potential immunomodulatory activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:729-739. [PMID: 34389393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A neutral polysaccharide designated as CMDP-1a (molecular mass 9.263 kDa) was isolated from Cucurbita moschata Duch through hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and column chromatography. On the basis of methylation, fourier-transform infrared, monosaccharide composition, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses, the structure of CMDP-1a was determined to be a backbone composed of α-1,4 linked glucopyranosyl residues with α-Glcp residue linkage at backbone C-6. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that CMDP-1a had a spherical conformation in solution. In immunostimulation assays, CMDP-1a promoted the proliferation of RAW 264.7 macrophages and significantly enhanced their pinocytic and phagocytic capacity. Furthermore, CMDP-1a induced the M1 polarization of original macrophages and the conversion of macrophages from M2 to M1, thereby modulating the balance of M1/M2 macrophages. These results indicated that CMDP-1a might be a potential immunomodulator for food purposes.
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Li J, Wang Y, Ji J, Cao L, Bai Y, Gao J. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a glucan from Radix Codonopsis. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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20
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Yang X, Wei S, Lu X, Qiao X, Simal-Gandara J, Capanoglu E, Woźniak Ł, Zou L, Cao H, Xiao J, Tang X, Li N. A neutral polysaccharide with a triple helix structure from ginger: Characterization and immunomodulatory activity. Food Chem 2021; 350:129261. [PMID: 33610845 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A neutral ginger polysaccharide fraction (NGP) was isolated from ginger, and its primary structures and immunomodulatory activity were investigated. The results showed that NGP had a low molecular weight of 6305 Da. NGP principally consisted of glucose (93.88%) together with minor levels of galactose (3.27%) and arabinose (1.67%). Besides, results of methylation analysis and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that NGP was α-glucan which had the main chain of 1,4-linked α-d-Glcp and α-d-Glcp residues branched at C-6 position which was different from the common triple helical β-glucans. NGP also displayed a remarkable immunological activity on the RAW264.7 cells in vitro. It could significantly enhance the proliferation of macrophages without cytotoxicity and increase the production of immune substances (NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). The secretion at the concentration of 200 μg/mL was 29.41 μM, 1496.71, 44.30 and 1889.83 pg/mL for each substance, respectively. The results indicated that NGP could be a potential immune agent and might provide meaningful information for further chain conformation and immune mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Siqing Wei
- Shandong Foreign Trade Vocational College, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xuguang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Łukasz Woźniak
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Street, 02532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Ningyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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21
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Huang L, Zhao J, Wei Y, Yu G, Li F, Li Q. Structural characterization and mechanisms of macrophage immunomodulatory activity of a pectic polysaccharide from Cucurbita moschata Duch. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118288. [PMID: 34294314 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A pectic polysaccharide (named CMDP-4b) with a molecular weight of 31.97 kDa was extracted from Cucurbita moschata Duch and purified by column chromatography. On the basis of methylation, Fourier-transform infrared, monosaccharide composition, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses, the structure of CMDP-4b was determined to be composed of an α-1,4-linked homogalacturonan backbone, which was slightly acetylated and highly methyl-esterified, and branched at the O-3 position of the →4)-α-D-GalpA-6-OMe-(1→. Immunomodulatory assays showed that CMDP-4b not only induced the secretion of nitrous oxide and cytokines (i.e. IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) but also promoted pinocytic and phagocytic activities of macrophages, suggesting that CMDP-4b possessed immunomodulatory activity. Moreover, toll-like receptor 4 and complement receptor 3 may play a critical role in CMDP-4b-induced macrophage activation through the NF-κB and the MAPKs signaling pathways. Our study provides the molecular basis for the potential use of CMDP-4b as a natural immunostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunlu Wei
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guoyong Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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22
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Yang K, Jin Y, Cai M, He P, Tian B, Guan R, Yu G, Sun P. Separation, characterization and hypoglycemic activity in vitro evaluation of a low molecular weight heteropolysaccharide from the fruiting body of Phellinus pini. Food Funct 2021; 12:3493-3503. [PMID: 33900340 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00297j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms have potential in anti-diabetic phytotherapy. They are rich in natural compounds such as polysaccharides, which have been known to have antihyperlipidemic effects since ancient times. A polysaccharide fraction of PP80 and a contained low molecular-weight (Mw), water-soluble polysaccharide (PPW-1, Mw: 3.2 kDa) were isolated from the fruiting body of Phellinus pini. Both PP80 and PPW-1 possess α-glucosidase inhibition and glucose consumption amelioration in an insulin-resistant HepG2 cell model. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of PPW-1 (IC50 = 2.2 ± 0.1 mg mL-1) is significantly (P < 0.01) higher than those of PP80 (IC50 = 13.1 ± 0.5 mg mL-1) and acarbose (IC50 = 4.3 ± 0.2 mg mL-1), behaving in a non-competitive inhibition manner. The structural characterization results indicated that PPW-1 is a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide composed of d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose and l-rhamnose. The major backbone of PPW-1 is primarily comprised of 1,6-linked glucopyranose, every third residue of which is branched at the O-3 position by a side chain consisting of 1,3-linked and terminal glucopyranose. In addition, small amounts of 1,2-linked-α-d-Manp, 1,6-linked-3-O-Me-α-d-Galp and rhamnose exist in PPW-1. In summary, PPW-1 is a novel heteropolysaccharide with potent in vitro hypoglycemic activity, and it may be a potential dietary component for improving glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Yuezhong Jin
- Zhejiang Yangzhikang Bio-technology Co., Ltd, Huzhou 313200, P. R. China
| | - Ming Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei He
- Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, P. R. China.
| | - Baoming Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Rongfa Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Genrong Yu
- Hangzhou Meiyuan Food Co. Ltd, Huzhou 311106, P. R. China
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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23
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Mahmoudi M, Abdellaoui R, Feki E, Boughalleb F, Zaidi S, Nasri N. Analysis of Polygonum Aviculare and Polygonum Maritimum for Minerals by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS), Polyphenolics by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization – Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS), and Antioxidant Properties by Spectrophotometry. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1906267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maher Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Raoudha Abdellaoui
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Eya Feki
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fayçal Boughalleb
- Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Slah Zaidi
- Advanced Analysis Platform, Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Nasri
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Xu M, Yan T, Gong G, Wu B, He B, Du Y, Xiao F, Jia Y. Purification, structural characterization, and cognitive improvement activity of a polysaccharides from Schisandra chinensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:497-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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25
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Ji W, Jiang T, Sun Z, Teng F, Ma C, Huang S, Yan S. The Enhanced Pharmacological Effects of Modified Traditional Chinese Medicine in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis Is Driven by Modulation of Gut Microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:546589. [PMID: 33178012 PMCID: PMC7593568 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.546589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicated that gut microbiota-targeted therapy is a promising strategy to treat Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used in CVD treatments for over 2,000 years which is believed to result from the modulation of gut microbiota, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. According to the theoretical system of TCM, we developed an innovative formula of TCM named "TongMai ZhuYu (TMZY)" on top of one classic Chinese herbal formula ["XueFu ZhuYu (XFZY)"], which can more effectively alleviate CVD in the clinical practice. Here, we first systematically assessed the pharmacological effects of TMZY, XFZY, and atorvastatin on atherosclerosis (AS) induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in rats. TMZY typically outperformed others in alleviating AS rats by characterization of pathological morphology, immunohistochemistry, inflammatory cytokines. Remarkably, combining this modified TCM formula (TMZY) with atorvastatin can further help the alleviation of AS in rats by suppressing immune and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, to test whether TMZY alleviated AS symptoms by altering gut microbial compositions (dysbiosis), we employed 16S amplicon sequencing to investigate gut microbiota changes in the AS mice induced by high choline diet (HCD) using both TMZY and XFZY under antibiotic-treated and untreated conditions. TCM formulas induced consistent and remarkable changes in the phenotypes and microbiota in the HCD mice. TMZY modulated more changes in the gut microbiota to improve diseased phenotypes than XFZY. Notably, the TMZY-intervention effect on CVD in mice attenuated after the suppression of gut microbial activity by antibiotics. Collectively, we demonstrated that TCM herbals could effectively modulate the gut microbiota as a mechanism for altering the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders in mice/rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Ji
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Medical Group), Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Medical Group), Qingdao, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Single-Cell Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Single-Cell Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenchen Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shi Huang
- Single-Cell Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Li R, Tao A, Yang R, Fan M, Zhang X, Du Z, Shang F, Xia C, Duan B. Structural characterization, hypoglycemic effects and antidiabetic mechanism of a novel polysaccharides from Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110687. [PMID: 33152904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhizome of Polygonatum kingianum has been used as a traditional medicine in China. In this study, a novel polysaccharides (PKPs-1) was isolated from P. kingianum and characterized by its molecular weight, primary structure. The hypoglycemic activity of PKPs-1was investigated by in vitro assay with the HepG2 cell line and in vivo test using STZ-induced diabetic mice. Results showed that the average molecular weight of PKPs-1 was 14.05 kDa and is composed mainly of glucose and mannose. Methylation analysis indicated that this polysaccharides fraction consisted mainly of β1,2-link glucose. Besides, PKPs-1 exhibited significant anti-hyperglycemic activity on STZ-induced mice, improved insulin tolerance, and affected the metabolism of serum lipids. Results of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) showed that PKPs-1 significantly increased the expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT), indicating that PKPs-1 regulates glucose metabolism by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study provides new insights for investigating the hypoglycemic effects of PKPs-1 and suggests that PKPs-1 could be a promising functional food or medicine for treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Aien Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Runmei Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Xiaocan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Zefei Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Feineng Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Conglong Xia
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Baozhong Duan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Dali, 671000, China.
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Structural characterization, antiproliferative and immunoregulatory activities of a polysaccharide from Boletus Leccinum rugosiceps. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:106-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Xu M, Wang J, Zhang X, Yan T, Wu B, Bi K, Jia Y. Polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis acts via LRP-1 to reverse microglia activation through suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 256:112798. [PMID: 32251761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (S. Chinensis), a traditional Chinese medicine frequently used in the traditional treatment of dementia, its polysaccharide component has been widely reported. AIM OF THE STUDY In this paper, we studied whether SCP2-1, a natural product of homogeneous polysaccharide from S. Chinensis, could improve M1 and M2 polarization and inhibit neuroinflammation through lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), and futher exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS SCP2-1 was obtained from crude polysaccharide of S. Chinensis, BV2 microglia cells and mice stimulated by LPS were served to detect the positive role of SCP2-1 in M1/M2 polarization. The concentration of cytokine expression, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-6 for M1 polarization and TGF-β, IL-10, IL-4 and Arg-1 for M2 polarization, in the BV2 and hippocampus were tested by ELISA kits. CD86 and CD206, as surface markers of M1 and M2, were tested by flow cytometry. We examined the expression of LRP-1 in BV2 cells and mouse hippocampus. The addition of siRNA for LRP-1 demonstrated the important role of LRP-1 in the neuroprotection of SCP2-1. Western blot was used to detect the activation of various mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathway, i.e. the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK proteins, and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). H.E. staining was used to observe Histopathological changes. RESULTS SCP2-1 could reverse M1/M2 polarization in vitro culture and suppressed M1 polarization in the hippocampus of mice stimulated with LPS. After LPS stimulation, poor levels of LRP-1, hyperactivation of the JNK and NF-κB was appeared, which could improve by SCP2-1. The addition of siRNA for LRP-1 suppressed the protection of SCP2-1 in BV2 microglial cells. More importantly, SCP2-1 could improve LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice in Y-maze and NOR test. CONCLUSIONS SCP2-1 could improve M1/M2 polarization, especially inhibit M1 polarization, and ameliorate the cognition of mice in Y-maze and NOR test. SCP2-1 play a neuroprotective role through LRP-1 to reverse activation of microglia via suppressing the overactive NF-κB and JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- The Engineering Laboratory of National and Local Union of Quality Control for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ying Jia
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Mahabati M, Aipire A, Yuan P, Liu X, Cai S, Aimaier A, Ziyayiding D, Yasheng M, Abudujilile D, Li J. Comparison of structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activities of polysaccharides from four natural plants. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1743647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahepali Mahabati
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Adila Aipire
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Cai
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alimu Aimaier
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilinigeer Ziyayiding
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mayila Yasheng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilinazi Abudujilile
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
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Qu H, Gao X, Cheng C, Zhao H, Wang Z, Yi J. Hepatoprotection mechanism against alcohol-induced liver injury in vivo and structural characterization of Pinus koraiensis pine nut polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1007-1021. [PMID: 32209373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Pinus koraiensis pine nut polysaccharide PNP80b-2 exerts widely protective effects against liver injury induced by chemical pollutants, alcohol and drugs. By comparison, PNP80b-2 exhibits the strongest hepatoprotection against alcohol-induced liver injury (AILI). Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the hepatoprotection mechanisms of PNP80b-2 against AILI in vivo. The results indicated that PNP80b-2 alleviated oxidative stress induced by alcohol through enhancing antioxidant capacity of hepatocytes via NRF2/HO-1 pathway. PNP80b-2 also effectively suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects via NF-κB signaling pathway in AILI. In addition, PNP80b-2 protected mice from severe DNA damage induced by alcohol through regulating the expression of Hipk2, P53, Hp1γ and Wip1. Taken together all the results, PNP80b-2 exerts hepatoprotective activity against AILI in vivo through enhancing antioxidant capacity, suppressing inflammation response and promoting DNA damage repair in livers. Furthermore, the structural features of PNP80b-2 were also characterized. PNP80b-2, with molecular weight of 23.0 kDa, was found to be composed of 1,2-linked Galf, 1,2-linked Rhap, 1,4-linked Xylp, 1,6-linked Glcp, 1,4-linked GlcpA, 1,2,6-linked Galp, 1,4,6-linked Glcp, 1,2,3,4-linked Arap, 1-linked Galp and Leu- and Ile-linked O-glycopeptide bonds, based on the GC-MS and NMR results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Cuilin Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Haitian Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Juanjuan Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Ji X, Yan Y, Hou C, Shi M, Liu Y. Structural characterization of a galacturonic acid-rich polysaccharide from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Muzao. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:844-852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fractionation, structure and conformation characterization of polysaccharides from Anoectochilus roxburghii. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 231:115688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Huo J, Lu Y, Xia L, Chen D. Structural characterization and anticomplement activities of three acidic homogeneous polysaccharides from Artemisia annua. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112281. [PMID: 31600559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia annua L. is a heat-clearing Chinese medicine and well-known for its antimalarial constituent, artemisinin. It has gained increasing attention for its anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Interestingly, the crude polysaccahrides of A. annua exhibited potent anticomplement activity. This study was to isolate and characterize its anticomplement homogeneous polysaccharides from A. annua, and reveal the relationship between structures and anticomplement activities of the isolated polysaccharides. MATERIALS AND METHODS Water-soluble crude polysaccharides from the aerial parts of A. annua were extracted and fractionated by DEAE-cellulose and Sephacryl S-300 gel permeation chromatography. Homogeneity, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, methylation and NMR analysis were performed to characterize the structures of homogeneous polysaccharides. Their anticomplement activities and targeting components in the complement activation cascade were evaluated by hemolytic assays. RESULTS Three homogeneous polysaccharides (AAP01-1, AAP01-2 and AAP01-3) were obtained from A. annua. AAP01-1 was composed of seven monosaccharides, including mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose and arabinose. AAP01-2 and AAP01-3 had similar monosaccharides with AAP01-1, except the absence of glucuronic acid. They were all branched acidic heteropolysaccharides with different contents of galacturonic acid (8%, 28% and 15% for AAP01-1, AAP01-2 and AAP01-3, respectively). AAP01-2 showed potent anticomplement activity with CH50 value of 0.360 ± 0.020 mg/mL through the classical pathway and AP50 value of 0.547 ± 0.033 mg/mL through the alternative pathway. AAP01-3 exhibited slightly weaker activity (CH50: 1.120 ± 0.052 mg/mL, AP50: 1.283 ± 0.061 mg/mL), while AAP01-1 was inactive. Moreover, AAP01-2 acted on C1q, C3, C4, C5 and C9 components and AAP01-3 interacted with C3, C4 and C5 components in the activation cascade of complement system. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the relatively high contents of galacturonic acid were important for anticomplement activities of the polysaccharides from A. annua. The anticomplement polysaccharides are another kind of bioactive constituents conferring heat-clearing effects of A. annua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Long Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Xu W, Fang S, Wang Y, Zhang T, Hu S. Molecular mechanisms associated with macrophage activation by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:616-628. [PMID: 31931060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying macrophage activation by total polysaccharides from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAMPtp). The results showed that RAMPtp significantly promoted productions of NO, ROS, cytokines and chemokines, enhanced pinocytic and phagocytic activity, and upregulated expressions of accessory and costimulatory molecules. RNA-seq analysis presented 2868 DEGs and 737 GO terms. PPI network analysis in combination with KEGG pathways as well as the western blot and functional verification assays indicated that NF-κB and STATs were the key regulators modulating the expressions of core gene TNF-α and IL-6 individually, and the transposition activation of NF-κB was identified as an early event in macrophage activation induced by RAMPtp. The involvements of MAPKs and PI3K-Akt pathways were also determined. These results indicated that immune response and immune function were regulated in RAMPtp-stimulated macrophages via a complex interaction network, in which NF-κB and Jak-STAT signaling pathways played a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Sijia Fang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Polysaccharide-containing fraction from Artemisia argyi inhibits tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation by blocking interaction of podoplanin with C-type lectin-like receptor 2. J Food Drug Anal 2020; 28:115-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Yue H, Xu Q, Li X, Elango J, Wu W, Xu J. Physicochemical Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of a Novel Acid Polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11121972. [PMID: 31801192 PMCID: PMC6960883 DOI: 10.3390/polym11121972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum, a novel acid polysaccharide named SMP-3a was purified from Solanum muricatum pulp through DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that SMP-3a was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with the molar ratio of 1.09:2.64:1.54:1. The average molecular weight was found to be 227 kDa by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Thermal studies revealed the SMP-3a was a thermally stable polymer. Based on the results of methylation and NMR analysis, the backbone chain of SMP-3a was composed of →2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→ and →4)-α-d-Galp-(1→. The side chain was consisted of α-l-Araf-(1→ and →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→. Immunomodulatory assay indicated that SMP-3a could significantly promote the proliferation of macrophages and stimulate the secretion of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Our results suggested that SMP-3a could be used as a novel potential immunomodulatory agent in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yue
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (H.Y.); (J.E.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (H.Y.); (J.E.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xianheng Li
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (H.Y.); (J.E.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jeevithan Elango
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (H.Y.); (J.E.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (H.Y.); (J.E.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (J.X.)
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (H.Y.); (J.E.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (J.X.)
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Li Y, Hu Z, Wang X, Wu M, Zhou H, Zhang Y. Characterization of a polysaccharide with antioxidant and anti-cervical cancer potentials from the corn silk cultivated in Jilin province. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1105-1113. [PMID: 31712136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Corn silk polysaccharides (CSPs) were extracted from the corn silk cultivated in Jilin province, China, where is one of the golden corn belts worldwide. Three fractions (CSP-1, CSP-2 and CSP-3) were obtained by DEAE-52 cellulose and the former two fractions were further purified by Sephadex G-150 column chromatography to obtain CSP-S-1 and CSP-S-2. The molecular weights of CSP-S-1 and CSP-S-2 were calculated to be 586 kDa and 813 kDa, respectively. CSP-S-1 was composed of galactose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose at a molar ratio of 4.16:1.00:1.01:6.32 and CSP-S-2 was composed of galactose, arabinose, glucose and rhamnose at a molar ratio of 8.71:3.58:0.169:1.00. CSP-S-2 outperformed CSP-S-1 in scavenging DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals, and significantly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells. IR and NMR analysis indicated that CSP-S-2 was pyranose. CSP-S-2 consisted of 1 → 4 and 1 → 6 linkages and exhibited a triple helix configuration. In summary, CSP-S-2 possesses high potential to be developed as a novel antioxidant and anti-cervical cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Zhengyu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Meifu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Resources and Comprehensive Utilization of Jilin Provence, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
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Yue H, Xu Q, Bian G, Guo Q, Fang Z, Wu W. Structure characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a new neutral polysaccharide SMP-0b from Solanum muricatum. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:853-860. [PMID: 31712159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a novel neutral polysaccharide SMP-0b was extracted and purified from the pulp of Solanum muricatum. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that SMP-0b was mainly composed of l-arabinose, d-mannose, d-glucose and d-galactose with the molar ratio of 5.31:2.92:42.23:25.38. The weight-average molecular weight and number-average molecular weight of SMP-0b was calculated to be 13.51 kDa and 9.91 kDa respectively through high performance gel permeation chromatography. The structure of SMP-0b was characterized by methylation and NMR analysis. It showed that the backbone chain of SMP-0b was consisted of →4)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-β-d-Manp-(1→ and →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, and the side chain was composed of α-l-Araf-(1→ and →4)-α-d-Glcp-(1→. In immunomodulation assays in vitro, SMP-0b exhibited good immunomodulatory activity and could significantly stimulate proliferation and NO production of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The results suggested that the neutral polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum might have potential as an immunomodulator or supplement in functional food to enhance immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yue
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Guoyong Bian
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Cold Storage and Refrigeration Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Hu M, Liu Y, Wang L, Wang J, Li L, Wu C. Purification, Characterization of Two Polysaccharides from Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine and Their Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Mucus Secretion of Airway Epithelium. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143553. [PMID: 31330806 PMCID: PMC6678706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Alumine (PRPCA) is an important traditional processed herbal medicine mainly used for treating phlegm in China for more than 2000 years. In our previous studies, extraction optimization, characterization, and bioactivities of total polysaccharides from PRPCA were investigated. In this study, further purification of these polysaccharides was performed. Two polysaccharides named neutral fraction of total polysaccharides-II (TPN-II) and acidic fraction of total polysaccharides-II (TPA-II) were obtained by gradient ion-exchange chromatography followed by gel-permeation chromatography. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis in the present study showed that TPN-II had a tight structure with a rough and uneven surface, while TPA-II had a relative homogeneous surface and a loose structure. Further studies indicated that TPN-II was a homosaccharide mainly composed by glucose with a molecular weight of 8.0 kDa. TPA-II was mainly composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 2.1, 2.3, 1.7, 10.6, 2.6, 14.2, and 2.5, with a molecular weight of 1250 kDa. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results indicated that α and β form glycoside bonds existed in TPN-II and TPA-II, and TPN-II was composed of α-glucopyranose. In addition, both purified polysaccharides have significant anti-inflammatory effects on mucus secretion of human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells without cytotoxicity. Compared with TPN-II, TPA-II exhibited more significant anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation by regulating levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and inhibiting mucus secretion. The results suggest that polysaccharides from PRPCA could be explored as therapeutic agents in treating inflammation and over secretion of mucus in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meibian Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiaolong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Alboofetileh M, Rezaei M, Tabarsa M, You S, Mariatti F, Cravotto G. Subcritical water extraction as an efficient technique to isolate biologically-active fucoidans from Nizamuddinia zanardinii. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:244-253. [PMID: 30684576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A sulfated polysaccharide (fucoidan) has been isolated from Nizamuddinia zanardinii using subcritical water extraction method (SCWE), and extraction conditions were optimised using the response surface methodology. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be: extraction time of 29 min, extraction temperature of 150 °C, and raw material-to-water ratio of 21 g/mL. The fucoidan yield under these optimum conditions was 25.98%, which was considerably higher than that of conventional solvent extraction (5.2%). Extraction time and temperature were the extraction variables that most significantly affected fucoidan yield. Chemical and monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and the antioxidant, anticancer and immunomodulatory activities of the extract have also been investigated. The monosaccharide composition of fucoidan included fucose (34.13%), mannose (30.70%), galactose (23.19%), xylose (9.35%) and glucose (2.65%). The average molecular weight of the extracted fucoidan was 694 kDa. Antioxidant results revealed that SCWE-extracted fucoidan had appreciable ABTS radical scavenging (70.35%) and reducing power (0.182 Abs). The anticancer activity of fucoidan ranged from 24.60 to 49.46% for HeLa cells and from 23.95 to 46.78% for HepG2 cells. The NO production of RAW264.7 cells was observed to be dose-dependent, while maximum NO production was found to be 34.82 μmol at a 50 μg/mL fucoidan concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alboofetileh
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran
| | - Masoud Rezaei
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Tabarsa
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran.
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Francesco Mariatti
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Zhang WN, Su RN, Gong LL, Yang WW, Chen J, Yang R, Wang Y, Pan WJ, Lu YM, Chen Y. Structural characterization and in vitro hypoglycemic activity of a glucan from Euryale ferox Salisb. seeds. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 209:363-371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Characterization of polysaccharide from Scutellaria barbata and its antagonistic effect on the migration and invasion of HT-29 colorectal cancer cells induced by TGF-β1. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:886-895. [PMID: 30857966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we purified a water-soluble polysaccharide, SBPW3, from the whole plant of Scutellaria barbata D. Don through ethanol precipitation, deproteinization, lyophilization, dialysis and separation using a DEAE cellulose column and a Superdex 200 gel filtration chromatography column. SBPW3 is a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 10.2 kDa and is composed of rhamnose (2.51%), arabinose (25.68%), xylose (10.94%), mannose (12.56%), glucose (20.59%) and galactose (27.72%). FT-IR spectrum analysis of the polysaccharide showed that SBPW3 contained a pyranose ring. The effects of SBPW3 on TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were tested in colon cancer cells. These results suggested that SBPW3 significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion. Additionally, SBPW3 reduced EMT by increasing the expression of epithelial markers and by decreasing the expression of mesenchymal markers by blocking the Smad2/3 signalling pathway in colon cancer cells. Furthermore, to explore the anti-metastatic effect of SBPW3, we established a mouse model of colon cancer metastasis and found that SBPW3 significantly inhibited the metastatic dissemination of the primary tumour to the liver. These findings provide us with a potential chemotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of human colorectal cancer.
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Cui M, Wu J, Wang S, Shu H, Zhang M, Liu K, Liu K. Characterization and anti-inflammatory effects of sulfated polysaccharide from the red seaweed Gelidium pacificum Okamura. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:377-385. [PMID: 30742920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, crude polysaccharides were extracted from Gelidium pacificum Okamura, and further purified to obtain the sulfated polysaccharide with molecular weight of 28,807 Da. Its monosaccharide composition mainly consisted of xylose (7.1%), galactose (59.7%) and galacturonic acid (19.76%). And the sulfate ester content of the sulfated polysaccharide was estimated as 8.8%. Structure analysis showed that the sulfated polysaccharide comprised of 1,4-linked-α-D-Galp3S, 1,2-linked-α-D-Xylp and 1,3-linked-β-D-GalpA residues, respectively. Its anti-inflammatory effects were investigated in LPS-stimulated human monocytic (THP-1) cells. The sulfated polysaccharide at a concentration of 5 μg/mL fully protected the THP-1 cells against LPS-stimulated cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the addition of sulfated polysaccharide resulted in a significant reduction of NO production in LPS-treated cells, and this effect appeared to be dose-related. The sulfated polysaccharide (5 μg/mL) significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. These results showed the sulfated polysaccharide not only provided a good protection against LPS-induced cell toxicity, but also exerted an anti-inflammatory effect via the TLR4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Cui
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junwen Wu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hongmei Shu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kehai Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National R&D Branch Center for Freshwater Aquatic Products Processing Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Kewu Liu
- Heilongjiang Forest By-product and Speciality Institute, Mudanjiang 157011, China.
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Alboofetileh M, Rezaei M, Tabarsa M, You S. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of sulfated polysaccharide from
Nizamuddinia zanardinii
: Process optimization, structural characterization, and biological properties. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alboofetileh
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares University Noor Iran
| | - Masoud Rezaei
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares University Noor Iran
| | - Mehdi Tabarsa
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares University Noor Iran
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and TechnologyGangneung‐Wonju National University Gangneung Gangwon Republic of Korea
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