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Chen G, Yu L, Shi F, Shen J, Zhang Y, Liu G, Mei X, Li X, Xu X, Xue C, Chang Y. A comprehensive review of sulfated fucan from sea cucumber: Antecedent and prospect. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122345. [PMID: 38876715 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Sulfated fucan from sea cucumber is mainly consists of L-fucose and sulfate groups. Recent studies have confirmed that the structure of sulfated fucan mainly consists of repeating units, typically tetrasaccharides. However, there is growing evidence indicating the presence of irregular domains with heterogeneous units that have not been extensively explored. Moreover, as a key contributor to the nutritional benefits of sea cucumbers, sulfated fucan demonstrates a range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypolipidemic, anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anticoagulant properties. These biological activities are profoundly influenced by the structural features of sulfated fucan including molecular weight and distribution patterns of sulfate groups. The latest research indicates that sulfated fucan is dispersed in the extracellular matrix of the body wall of sea cucumbers. This article aimed to review the research progress on the in-situ distribution, structures, structural elucidation strategies, functions, and structure-activity relationships of sulfated fucan, especially in the last decade. It also provided insights into the major challenges and potential solutions in the research and development of sulfated fucan. Moreover, the fucanase and carbohydrate binding modules are anticipated to play pivotal roles in advancing this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Long Yu
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia
| | - Feifei Shi
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- College of Food and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China.
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Xue H, Liang B, Wang Y, Gao H, Fang S, Xie K, Tan J. The regulatory effect of polysaccharides on the gut microbiota and their effect on human health: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132170. [PMID: 38734333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides with low toxicity and high biological activities are a kind of biological macromolecule. Recently, growing studies have confirmed that polysaccharides could improve obesity, diabetes, tumors, inflammatory bowel disease, hyperlipidemia, diarrhea, and liver-related diseases by changing the intestinal micro-environment. Moreover, polysaccharides could promote human health by regulating gut microbiota, enhancing production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), improving intestinal mucosal barrier, regulating lipid metabolism, and activating specific signaling pathways. Notably, the biological activities of polysaccharides are closely related to their molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond types, and regulation of gut microbiota. The intestinal microbiota can secrete glycoside hydrolases, lyases, and esterases to break down polysaccharides chains and generate monosaccharides, thereby promoting their absorption and utilization. The degradation of polysaccharides can produce SCFAs, further regulating the proportion of gut microbiota and achieving the effect of preventing and treating various diseases. This review aims to summarize the latest studies: 1) effect of polysaccharides structures on intestinal flora; 2) regulatory effect of polysaccharides on gut microbiota; 3) effects of polysaccharides on gut microbe-mediated diseases; 4) regulation of gut microbiota on polysaccharides metabolism. The findings are expected to provide important information for the development of polysaccharides and the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Beimeng Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Saisai Fang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kaifang Xie
- College of Textile and Fashion, Hunan Institute of Engineering, NO. 88 East Fuxing Road, Yuetang District, Xiangtan 411100, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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Jen CI, Lu MK, Lai MN, Ng LT. Sulfated polysaccharides of Laetiporus sulphureus fruiting bodies exhibit anti-breast cancer activity through cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and inhibiting cell migration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117546. [PMID: 38061441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Laetiporus sulphureus has long been used as an edible and medicinal mushroom in Asia, America, and Europe. Its fruiting bodies are widely used in folk medicine for treating cancer, gastric diseases, cough, and rheumatism. Polysaccharides are an important bioactive component of mushrooms. In nature, sulfated polysaccharides have never been reported in mushrooms. Furthermore, there is no information on differences in physicochemical properties and anti-breast cancer activities between polysaccharides (PS) and sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) of L. sulphureus. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of PS and SPS isolated from fruiting bodies of L. sulphureus and examine their anti-proliferative effects and mechanism(s) of action on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. METHODS Polysaccharides (PS) were isolated using hot water and ethanol precipitation methods. Sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) were isolated by the papain-assisted hydrolysis method. Physicochemical properties comprising sugar, protein, uronic acid, and sulfate contents, and molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and structural conformation were analyzed on PS and SPS. In the anti-cancer study, a triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and a normal human mammary epithelial cell line (H184B5F5/M10) were used to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of PS and SPS, and their mechanism(s) of action. RESULTS The results showed that SPS, which had higher sulfate and protein contents and diversified monosaccharide composition, exhibited more potent anti-proliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells than PS. Furthermore, it had a selective cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells but not the normal cells. SPS induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via down-regulating CDK4 and cyclin D1 and up-regulating p21 protein expression. Breast cancer cell apoptosis was not observed until 72 h after SPS treatment. In addition, SPS also markedly inhibited breast cancer cell migration. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that SPS exhibited selective cytotoxicity and was more potent than PS in inhibiting MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. The contents of sulfate and protein, and monosaccharide composition could be the main factors affecting the anti-breast cancer activity of L. sulphureus SPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-I Jen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Nan Lai
- Kang Jian Biotech Co., Ltd., Nantou 54245, Taiwan
| | - Lean-Teik Ng
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Lu MK, Lee MH, Chao CH, Hsu YC. Sodium sulfate addition increases the bioresource of biologically active sulfated polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128699. [PMID: 38092106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Fungal sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) have been used in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, sodium sulfate was employed as an elicitor to induce stress on the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea for the biosynthesis of SPS with high sulfate content. Sodium sulfate treatments increased the yield of SPS to 4.46 % and increased the sulfate content to 6.8 mmol/g of SPS. SPS were extracted from A. cinnamomea cultured with 500 mM sodium sulfate; these SPSs are denoted as Na500. Na500 exhibited the highest sulfate content and dose-dependent inhibitory activity against LPS-induced production of macrophage interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β). Mechanistically, Na500 hindered the phosphorylation of transforming growth factor-β receptor II (TGFRII), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and protein kinase B (AKT) expression. A purified 7.79 kDa galactoglucan, Na500 F3, augmented the anti-inflammation activity by inhibiting LPS-induced TGFβ release. Additionally, Na500 F3 restrained the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p-38, ERK, AKT, and TGFRII in RAW264.7 cells. Na500 F3 impeded the proliferation of lung cancer H1975 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, ERK, and Slug. The anti-inflammation and anticancer properties of Antrodia SPS contribute to its health benefits, suggesting its utility in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Beitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Lu C, Wang X, Ma J, Wang M, Liu W, Wang G, Ding Y, Lin Z, Li Y. Chemical substances and their activities in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300427. [PMID: 37853667 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Apostichopus japonicus, also known as Stichopus japonicus, with medicinal and food homologous figures, is a globally recognized precious ingredient with extremely high nutritional value. There is no relevant review available through literature search, so this article selects the research articles through the keywords "sea cucumber" and "Apostichopus japonicus (Stichopus japonicus)" in six professional databases, such as Wiley, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ACS, Springer, and Web of Science, from 2000 to the present, summarizing the extraction, isolation, and purification methods for the four major categories (polysaccharides, proteins and peptides, saponins, and other components) of the A. japonicus chemical substances and 10 effective biological activities of A. japonicus. Included are anticoagulation, anticancer/antitumor activities, hematopoiesis, regulation of gut microbiota, and immune regulatory activities that correspond to traditional efficacy. Literature support is provided for the development of medicines and functional foods and related aspects that play a leading role in future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mengtong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guangyue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuling Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Hossain A, Dave D, Shahidi F. Sulfated polysaccharides in sea cucumbers and their biological properties: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127329. [PMID: 37844809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumbers contain a wide range of biomolecules, including sulfated polysaccharides (SPs), with immense therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. SPs in sea cucumbers are mainly fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS) and fucan sulfate (FS) which exhibit a series of pharmacological effects, including anticoagulant activity, in several biological systems. FCS is a structurally distinct glycosaminoglycan in the sea cucumber body wall, and its biological properties mainly depend on the degree of sulfation, position of sulfate group, molecular weight, and distribution of branches along the backbone. So far, FCS and FS have been recognized for their antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, and antioxidant potential. However, the functions of these SPs are mainly dependent on the species, origins, harvesting season, and extraction methods applied. This review focuses on the SPs of sea cucumbers and how their structural diversities affect various biological activities. In addition, the mechanism of actions of SPs, chemical structures, factors affecting their bioactivities, and their extraction methods are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Deepika Dave
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; Marine Bioprocessing Facility, Centre of Aquaculture and Seafood Development, Fisheries and Marine Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5R3, Canada.
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
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7
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Lu MK, Chao CH, Hsu YC. Advanced culture strategy shows varying bioactivities of sulfated polysaccharides of Poria cocos. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126669. [PMID: 37660853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the bioactivity of six sulfated polysaccharides derived from glucose- and sucrose-feeding extracted from P. cocos. Anti-inflammatory potentials of these polysaccharides were evaluated by pretreating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. Of the tested polysaccharides, the sulfated polysaccharide derived from sucrose-feeding at the concentration of 40 g/l (referred to as "suc 40") exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity, of 83 %, and 33 % inhibition of IL-6 and TNF-α secretion, respetively. It achieved this by inhibiting the p-38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK signaling pathways. On the other hand, the sulfated polysaccharide derived from glucose-feeding at a concentration of 20 g/l (referred to as "glc 20") demonstrated the greatest anti-lung cancer activity. This was achieved by inducing apoptotic-related molecules, such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and CHOP. Furthermore, glc 20 had the highest contents of sulfate, fucose, and mannose compared to the other tested polysaccharides. This suggests that the composition of monosaccharide residues are critical factors influencing the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of these sulfated polysaccharides. Overall, this study highlights the potential of sulfated polysaccharides derived from P. cocos to function as bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Li-Nung St., 7 Sec. 2, Shipai, Beitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Song H, Liu Z, Ai C, Yan C, Dong X, Song S. Interaction between a Sulfated Polysaccharide from Sea Cucumber and Gut Microbiota Influences the Fat Metabolism in Rats. Foods 2023; 12:4476. [PMID: 38137281 PMCID: PMC10743057 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its significant physiological effects, a sulfated polysaccharide has been considered an important nutrient of sea cucumber, but its metabolism in vivo is still unclear. The present study investigated the metabolism of a sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide (SCSP) in rats and its influence on the metabolite profiles. The quantification by HPLC-MS/MS revealed that the blood level of SCSP achieved a maximum of 54.0 ± 4.8 μg/mL at 2 h after gavage, almost no SCSP was excreted through urine, and 55.4 ± 29.8% of SCSP was eliminated through feces within 24 h. These results prove the utilization of SCSP by gut microbiota, and a further microbiota sequencing analysis indicated that the SCSP utilization in the gut was positively correlated with Muribaculaceae and Clostridia_UCG-014. In addition, the non-targeted metabolomic analysis demonstrated the significant effects of SCSP administration on the metabolite profiles of blood, urine, and feces. It is worth noting that the SCSP supplement decreased palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid in blood and urine while increasing stearic acid, linoleic acid, and γ-linolenic acid in feces, suggesting the inhibition of fat absorption and the enhancement of fat excretion by SCSP, respectively. The present study shed light on the metabolism in vivo and the influence on the fat metabolism of SCSP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuang Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (C.A.); (C.Y.); (X.D.)
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Shen S, Hong T, Liu Z, Liu S, Ni H, Jiang Z, Yang Y, Zheng M. In vitro-simulated intestinal flora fermentation of Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides obtained by different assisted extractions and their fermented products against HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Food Funct 2023; 14:10747-10758. [PMID: 37975749 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04421a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we studied the in vitro-simulated intestinal flora fermentation of Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides (PHPs) with microwave, ultrasonic, ultra-high pressure-assisted extraction and the protective effect of their fermented products against HT-29 human colon cancer cells. The results showed that PHPs were largely degraded at the 18 h stage of ascending colon fermentation, further greatly increasing the contents of reducing sugars and short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.05). Particularly, the PHPs subjected to ultra-high pressure-assisted extraction (UHP-PHP) showed the highest reducing sugar content of 1.68 ± 0.01 mg mL-1 and butyric acid content of 410.77 ± 7.99 mmol mL-1. Moreover, UHP-PHP showed a better effect in increasing the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and decreasing the abundance of Proteobacteria and Escherichia coli. PHPs could protect against HT-29 cells by increasing the ROS levels in a concentration-dependent manner, especially UHP-PHP fermented in a descending colon for 24 h. This was related to the up-regulated apoptosis-related genes (Bax and Bak), down-regulated protein expression of Bcl-2 and activation of the p-AKT protein, thereby promoting the apoptosis of HT-29 cells. Our results can facilitate the modification of PHPs and their practical application in the development of intestinal health improving products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Shen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen, 361013, China
| | - Tao Hong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen, 361013, China
| | - Shuji Liu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen, 361013, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Mingjing Zheng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen, 361013, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
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Cheng S, Cai H, Yi M, Dong L, Yang J. Degradation Product of Sea Cucumber Polysaccharide by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Enhanced the Migration of Macrophage In Vitro. Foods 2023; 12:4079. [PMID: 38002137 PMCID: PMC10670309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) on sea cucumber polysaccharide (SP-2) and evaluated its anti-inflammatory properties. The SP-2 was depolymerized by applying an input voltage of 60~90 V for 3~9 min. The features of the products were examined using high-performance gel permeation chromatography, HPLC-PAD-MS, and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. The anti-inflammatory properties of the product were investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) release, ROS accumulation, and cell migration using RAW264.7 cells (LPS-induced or not-induced). The results showed SP-2 depolymerized into homogeneous and controllable-size oligosaccharide products. The depolymerized ratio can reach 80%. The results of the measurement of reducing sugars indicate that SP-2 was cleaved from within the sugar chain. The SP-2 was deduced to have a monosaccharide sequence of GlcN-Man-Man-Man-Man-Man based on the digested fragment information. The depolymerization product restrained the release of NO and the accumulation of ROS. By testing the RAW264.7 cell scratch assay, it was found that it enhances the migration of immune cells. DBD degradation of SP-2 leads to homogeneous and controllable-size oligosaccharide products, and this technique can be used for polysaccharide structure analysis. The depolymerized product of SP-2 has an anti-inflammatory capability in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jingfeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Municipality Engineering Laboratory for Shellfish Polysaccharide, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.C.); (H.C.); (M.Y.); (L.D.)
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11
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Yan C, Qu H, Li X, Feng B. Holothurian Wall Hydrolysate Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunocompromised Mice via Regulating Immune Response and Improving Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12583. [PMID: 37628768 PMCID: PMC10454611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Some biologically active compounds isolated from sea cucumbers stimulate the body's immune response by activating immune cells. Immune function is closely related to the integrity intestinal barrier and balanced gut microbiota. However, it is unknown whether the daily administration of holothurian wall hydrolysate (HWH) ameliorated intestinal dysbiosis and barrier injury induced by immunodeficiency. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect and the underlying mechanism of HWH in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunocompromised mice. BALB/c mice received CTX (80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) once a day for 3 days to induce immunodeficiency, and then they received the oral administration of HWH (80 or 240 mg/kg) or levamisole hydrochloride (LH, 40 mg/kg, positive control), respectively, once a day for 7 days. We utilized 16S rRNA sequencing for microbial composition alterations, histopathological analysis for splenic and colonic morphology, Western blotting for expressions of tight junction proteins (TJs), and quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR for measurements of pro-inflammatory cytokines. HWH attenuated the immune organ damage induced by CTX, increased the secretions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and promoted the recovery of goblet cells and the production of TJs (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1) in the colon of the immunocompromised mice. Moreover, HWH promoted the growth of beneficial microorganisms such as Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, Christensenellaceae, and Bifidobacterium, while it suppressed the populations of Ruminococcus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. These results demonstrate that HWH elicits intestinal mucosal immunity, repairs the damage to intestinal mucosal integrity, and normalizes the imbalanced intestinal microbial profiles in immunocompromised mice. It may be helpful to identify the biological activities of HWH to support its potential use in new prebiotics, immunomodulatory agents, and medical additives for intestinal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinli Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.Y.); (H.Q.)
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (C.Y.); (H.Q.)
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12
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Li Y, Liu S, Ding Y, Li S, Sang X, Li T, Zhao Q, Yu S. Structure, in vitro digestive characteristics and effect on gut microbiota of sea cucumber polysaccharide fermented by Bacillus subtilis Natto. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112872. [PMID: 37254322 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the structural, digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of sea cucumber polysaccharide fermented by Bacillus subtilis Natto. Results showed that both sea cucumber polysaccharide (SP) and fermented sea cucumber polysaccharide (FSP) were sulfated polysaccharides mainly containing fucose. The physicochemical property, molecular weight, thermal property, and functional groups were no significant difference between SP and FSP, but the microscopic morphology and monosaccharide composition of FSP changed. Both SP and FSP showed similar digestion and fecal fermentation characteristics, that is, they could not be digested by saliva and gastric juice, but could be partially degraded by small intestine. Due to the decomposition of glycosidic bonds after intestinal digestion and fecal fermentation, the relative molecular mass of SP and FSP decreased. In terms of impacts on gut microbiota, Lachnospira, Bacteroides finegoldii, and Bifidobacteriaceae were significantly increased in SP, while Acinetobacter was significantly increased in FSP. This study provides a good understanding of the changes in the structure and digestive characteristics of sea cucumber polysaccharides caused by fermentation. That information will be beneficial for the development and application of new fermented sea cucumber products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116650, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Yujie Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Dalian Xinyulong Marine Organisms Seed Industry Technology CO., LtD, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Xue Sang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116650, PR China
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances Development and High Value Utilization, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Shuang Yu
- Dalian Xinyulong Marine Organisms Seed Industry Technology CO., LtD, Dalian 116023, PR China
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13
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Mora-Flores LP, Moreno-Terrazas Casildo R, Fuentes-Cabrera J, Pérez-Vicente HA, de Anda-Jáuregui G, Neri-Torres EE. The Role of Carbohydrate Intake on the Gut Microbiome: A Weight of Evidence Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1728. [PMID: 37512899 PMCID: PMC10385781 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Carbohydrates are the most important source of nutritional energy for the human body. Carbohydrate digestion, metabolism, and their role in the gut microbiota modulation are the focus of multiple studies. The objective of this weight of evidence systematic review is to investigate the potential relationship between ingested carbohydrates and the gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels. (2) Methods: Weight of evidence and information value techniques were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary carbohydrates and the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota. (3) Results: The obtained results show that the types of carbohydrates that have a high information value are: soluble fiber with Bacteroides increase, insoluble fiber with Bacteroides and Actinobacteria increase, and Firmicutes decrease. Oligosaccharides with Lactobacillus increase and Enterococcus decrease. Gelatinized starches with Prevotella increase. Starches and resistant starches with Blautia decrease and Firmicutes increase. (4) Conclusions: This work provides, for the first time, an integrative review of the subject by using statistical techniques that have not been previously employed in microbiota reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P Mora-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Rubén Moreno-Terrazas Casildo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - José Fuentes-Cabrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alexer Pérez-Vicente
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Programa de Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Elier Ekberg Neri-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
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14
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Che T, Song Y, Su W, Xing S, Wang H, Tan M. Hepatic parenchymal cell and mitochondrial-targeted astaxanthin nanocarriers for relief of high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Funct 2023; 14:2908-2920. [PMID: 36883333 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo04036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic syndrome disorder. Here, hepatic parenchymal cell and mitochondrial-targeted nanocarriers were constructed to deliver astaxanthin (AST) to liver tissue to maximize AST intervention efficiency. The hepatic parenchymal cell-targeting was achieved using galactose (Gal) conjugated onto whey protein isolate (WPI) through the Maillard reaction by recognizing asialoglycoprotein receptors specifically expressed in hepatocytes. Grafting triphenylphosphonium (TPP) onto glycosylated WPI by an amidation reaction enabled the nanocarriers (AST@TPP-WPI-Gal) to achieve dual targeting capability. The AST@TPP-WPI-Gal nanocarriers could target mitochondria in steatotic HepG2 cells with an enhanced anti-oxidative and anti-adipogenesis effect. The ability of AST@TPP-WPI-Gal to target liver tissue was verified by an NAFLD mice model, and the results showed that AST@TPP-WPI-Gal could regulate blood lipid disorders, protect liver function, and remarkably reduce liver lipid accumulation (40%) compared with that of free AST. Therefore, AST@TPP-WPI-Gal might have potential as a dual targeting hepatic agent for nutritional intervention for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Che
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yukun Song
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shanghua Xing
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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15
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Liu Z, Hu Y, Tao X, Li J, Guo X, Liu G, Song S, Zhu B. Metabolites of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharides fermented by Parabacteroides distasonis and their effects on cross-feeding. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112633. [PMID: 37087229 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide (SCSPsj) is one of the dietary components which effectively modulates gut microbiota; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the interaction between SCSPsj and its utilizer (Parabacteroides distasonis) was investigated. Further study was carried out to explore the cross-feeding between intestinal Bacteroidales mediated by SCSPsj. The results revealed that SCSPsj can be fermented by P. distasonis to produce various microbial metabolites, including organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid-like molecules, organoheterocyclic compounds. SCSPsj can regulate the succinate pathway and acetyl-CoA pathway to influence the production of propanoic acid and acetic acid, respectively. Moreover, the SCSPsj-fermented supernatants of P. distasonis can only promote the growth of B. stercoris, B. vulgatus and P. johnsonii among 8 intestinal Bacteroidales strains through cross-feeding. The effect of cross-feeding was related to spatial distances and bacterial species. Moreover, the cross-feeding was correlated with compounds belonging to organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid-like molecules. These findings could provide new insights into the interaction between SCSPsj and gut microbiota.
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16
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Lu MK, Jen CI, Chao CH, Hsu YC, Ng LT. SPS, a sulfated galactoglucan of Laetiporus sulphureus, exhibited anti-inflammatory activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1236-1247. [PMID: 36442562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Laetiporus sulphureus is an edible and medicinal mushroom. A sulfated galactoglucan (SPS) was isolated by the papain method. Polysaccharides (PS) were isolated by hot water and ethanol precipitation. The medium molecular weight SPS of 100 to 1000 kDa accounted for over half of the SPS mixture. Fucose, galactose, glucose, and mannose were the major monosaccharides in SPS and PS. The amount of sulfate in SPS was 1.09 mmol/g. SPS showed inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release and reversed IκB degradation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. The suppression of TNF-α secretion by SPS was through inhibiting the phosphorylation of AKT/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). A purified SPS, named SPS-3, was proven to inhibit the LPS-induced phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and p-38 in RAW264.7 cells. The suppression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) secretion by PS was through inhibiting LPS-induced phosphorylation of p-38 and TGF-β receptor II (TGFRII) signaling pathways. This study demonstrates that the isolated SPS and PS from L. sulphureus possessed good anti-inflammatory activity for dietary supplements and functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-I Jen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Lean-Teik Ng
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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17
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Carrageenan/Echinochrom Complex at Experimental Endotoxemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911702. [PMID: 36233004 PMCID: PMC9570226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effects of the CRG/Ech complex in LPS-induced endotoxemia were investigated in vivo in mice and in vitro in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. The results indicated that the CRG/Ech complex suppressed the LPS-induced inflammatory response by reducing the production of ROS and NO in the macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo experiment indicated that the CRG/Ech complex minimized disorders of the physiological and metabolic processes in mice subjected to LPS intoxication and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the mouse serum. The preventive administration of the CRG/Ech complex to mice prevented endotoxin-induced damage in the mouse model of endotoxemia, increased the mice’s resistance to LPS, and prevented increases in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα). In this work, we showed by the molecular docking that Ech interacted with carrageenan, and that H-donor and H-acceptor bonds are involved in the formation of the complex.
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19
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Lin P, Shen N, Yin F, Guo SD. Sea cucumber-derived compounds for treatment of dyslipidemia: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1000315. [PMID: 36188620 PMCID: PMC9515789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemias are disorders of plasma levels of lipids, such as elevated levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, that are associated with various human diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Statins are the first-line drugs for treatment of dyslipidemia. However, a substantial proportion of patients cannot reach the recommended LDL-c level even with the highest tolerated doses of statins, and there is no available drug specifically for NAFLD therapy. Sea cucumbers are one of the widely distributed invertebrates, and are an important resource of food and medicine. Sea cucumbers have many valuable nutrients including saponins, fatty acids, phospholipids, cerebrosides, sulfated polysaccharides, as well as proteins and peptides. In recent years, these natural products derived from sea cucumbers have attracted attentions for treatment of CVD and NAFLD because of their lipid-lowering effect and low toxicity. However, the hypolipidemic mechanisms of action and the structure-activity relationship of these bioactive components have not been well-documented in literature. This review article summarizes the signaling pathways and the potential structure-activity relationship of sea cucumber-derived bioactive compounds including saponins, lipids, carbohydrates as well as peptides and proteins. This article will provide information useful for the development of sea cucumber-derived lipid-lowering compounds as well as for investigation of hypolipidemic compounds that are derived from other natural resources.
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20
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Huang Y, Chen H, Zhang K, Lu Y, Wu Q, Chen J, Li Y, Wu Q, Chen Y. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and gut microbiota relationship of polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:967-986. [PMID: 35697165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis is one of the major causes of the occurrence of metabolic syndromes, such as obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Polysaccharide-based microbial therapeutic strategies have excellent potential in the treatment of metabolic syndromes, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Identification of the internal regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiome and the interaction mechanisms involving bacteria and the host are essential to achieve precise control of the gut microbiome and obtain valuable clinical data. Polysaccharides cannot be directly digested; the behavior in the intestinal tract is considered a "bridge" between microbiota and host communication. To provide a relatively comprehensive reference for researchers in the field, we will discuss the polysaccharide extraction and purification processes and chemical and structural characteristics, focusing on the polysaccharides in gut microbiota through the immune system, gut-liver axis, gut-brain axis, energy axis interactions, and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kunfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongming Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianzheng Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jielin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qingxi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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21
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Zhang Z, Mwizerwa Muhindo E, Wang S, Yun L, Zhang M. Structural characteristics and immunostimulatory activity of sea cucumber tendon polysaccharides in cyclophosphamide-induced Balb/c mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:8627-8642. [PMID: 35894650 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00942k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sea cucumber tendon, one of the main parts of sea cucumber viscera, is widely accepted as a waste residue. In this study, a sea cucumber tendon polysaccharide (SCTPII) was purified from sea cucumber tendons and its primary structures and immunomodulatory activity were investigated. SCTPII is a triple-helix conformation homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 3.97 × 106 Da that consists of glucose and fucose with molar ratios of 92.09% and 7.91% with high thermostability. In vivo tests on immunosuppressed Balb/c mice revealed that compared with the model group, the proliferation of T cells and B cells in splenic lymphocytes of mice in the high-dose group was significantly improved by 0.92 times and 5.14 times, respectively. Additionally, SCTPII could improve the proliferation ability and phagocytosis of macrophages, as well as promoting the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ and enhancing the intestinal physical barrier function by increasing the protein expression of claudin-1, occludin, ZO-1 and MUC2. Furthermore, the 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples was performed, and gene count and α-diversity analysis revealed that SCTPs could improve the microbial community richness. In particular, SCTPs could increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Akkermansia and reduce the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group. These results demonstrate that SCPII possesses potential immunoregulatory activities in cyclophosphamide-induced mice by regulating intestinal microbiota diversity and improving immune organs, enhancing the proliferation ability of macrophages and splenocyte proliferation, and enhancing intestinal physical barrier function, which might provide important evidence for the development and utilization of the viscera of sea cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuchi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Esther Mwizerwa Muhindo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Songjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Liyuan Yun
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, PR China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China. .,China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, PR China.
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22
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Zhang X, You Y, Wang L, Ai C, Huang L, Wang S, Wang Z, Song S, Zhu B. Anti-obesity effects of Laminaria japonica fucoidan in high-fat diet-fed mice vary with the gut microbiota structure. Food Funct 2022; 13:6259-6270. [PMID: 35593392 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00480a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that fucoidan could resist high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. However, the outcome of dietary intervention may differ between individuals due to large inter-individual variability in gut microbiota. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the possible discrepancy of the anti-obesity effects of fucoidan supplementation in HFD-fed mice models with different gut microbiota communities. In the present study, the anti-obesity effects of fucoidan isolated from Laminaria japonica (FucLj) on normal mice and microbiota-altered mice treated with penicillin or metronidazole were compared and investigated. The 16S rRNA sequencing revealed the differences of gut microbiota among penicillin-treated, metronidazole-treated and normal groups, and mice treated with penicillin were characterized by greater relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the families Muribaculaceae and Bacteroidaceae. Furthermore, FucLj ameliorated HFD-induced body weight gain, fat accumulation, serum lipid profiles, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and adipocyte hypertrophy in penicillin-treated and untreated mice, while no effects were observed in metronidazole-treated mice. Overall, mice with different initial gut microbiota responded differently to FucLj supplementation on a high-fat diet, and metronidazole-sensitive gut bacteria negatively correlated with obesity symptoms and were required for the anti-obesity effects of FucLj. Moreover, the anti-obesity effects were not dependent on the utilization of FucLj by gut microbiota to produce SCFAs. These findings indicate that evaluation of the gut microbiota structure before dietary interventions is helpful for enhancing the beneficial outcomes of dietary fiber supplementation and provide a rationale for the further application of dietary fucoidan in a personalized way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Ying You
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - LiLong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Songtao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Solid-State Brewing, Luzhou Pinchuang Technology Company Limited, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Ganoderma lucidum protease hydrolyzate on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet fed rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang X, Su C, Cao C, Gong G, Huang L, Wang Z, Song S, Zhu B. Gut Microbiota of Individuals Could Be Balanced by a 14-Day Supplementation With Laminaria japonica and Differed in Metabolizing Alginate and Galactofucan. Front Nutr 2022; 9:881464. [PMID: 35662929 PMCID: PMC9158320 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.881464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminaria japonica is rich in alginate (Alg) and galactofucan (GF) which have both been reported to regulate gut microbiota composition. To reveal the effect of L. japonica on human gut microbiota, the fecal microbiota of 12 volunteers before and after 14-day L. japonica intake was sequenced and compared, and the capabilities of the gut microbiota to utilize Alg and GF were also investigated. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results demonstrated that Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio could be balanced by L. japonica supplementation. The ability of gut microbiota to utilize Alg was significantly enhanced by L. japonica supplementation. Furthermore, the multiple linear regression analysis suggested that bacteria from Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae were positively correlated with Alg utilization while those from Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Prevotellaceae participated in GF degradation. Moreover, the production of acetic acid and the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in fermentation were consistent with the consumption of Alg or GF, and propionic acid content was positively correlated with Alg consumption. In addition, the percentage of monosaccharides in the consumed GF after the fermentation suggested that gut microbiota from individuals could consume GF with different monosaccharide preferences. These findings shed a light on the impacts of dietary L. japonica on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changyu Su
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Cui Cao
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guiping Gong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongfu Wang
| | - Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- Shuang Song
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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25
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Liu Z, Yan C, Lin X, Ai C, Dong X, Shao L, Wang S, Song S, Zhu B. Responses of the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles to sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumber in humanized microbiota mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:4171-4183. [PMID: 35316318 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04443e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus has been consumed as functional food traditionally in Asia, and its sulfated polysaccharide (SCSPsj) demonstrates health-promoting effects in rodents which are related to the regulation of the gut microbiota. However, little is known about the response of the human gut microbiota to SCSPsj. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the response of the donor microbiota to SCSPsj in vivo through a humanized microbiota mice model, which was constructed by antibiotic treatment combined with fecal microbiota transplant. The results revealed that the SCSPsj supplement could positively interact with the specific donor microbiota. It could significantly regulate the gut microbiota community, especially the abundance of Lactobacillus. In addition, SCSPsj could modulate the metabolites in serum and cecal contents of mice, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lactic acid, and the changes of some bioactive metabolites were associated with the gut microbiota enriched by SCSPsj. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that the Lactobacillus strains isolated could not be proliferated directly by SCSPsj, but SCSPsj significantly promoted biofilm formation and mucus binding of Lactobacillus spp., which contributed to the enrichment of Lactobacillus in vivo. The present study could provide insight into the application of SCSPsj as microbiota-directed food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Li Shao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Songtao Wang
- Luzhou Pinchuang Technology Company Limited, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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26
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Xie C, Gao W, Li X, Luo S, Chye FY. Study on the hypolipidemic properties of garlic polysaccharide in vitro and in normal mice as well as its dyslipidemia amelioration in type2 diabetes mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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27
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Wang Z, Lin Y, Liu L, Zheng B, Zhang Y, Zeng H. Effect of Lotus Seed Resistant Starch on Lactic Acid Conversion to Butyric Acid Fermented by Rat Fecal Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1525-1535. [PMID: 34989559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effect of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) on lactic acid (LA) conversion to butyric acid (BA) fermented by rat fecal microbiota to construct an acetyl CoA pathway. According to growth curves, the microbiota compositions at 10 and 36 h were further analyzed. The microbiota in the LRS group had higher richness and diversity compared to glucose (GLU) and high amylose maize starch (HAMS). Moreover, LRS and isotope LA promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, promoted BA production, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia-Shigella. The BUT pathway played a dominant role in three groups. At 10 h, Escherichia-Shigella and Bifidobacterium showed a negative correlation with BUT and a positive correlation with BUK, whereas Escherichia-Shigella, Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia showed a positive correlation with BUT and BUK at 36 h. [3-13C] LA was converted to [4-13C] BA by the isotope labeling technique. Finally, LRS promoted LA conversion to BA mainly by the BUT pathway in intestinal microbiota, especially including Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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28
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Kang J, Jia X, Wang N, Xiao M, Song S, Wu S, Li Z, Wang S, Cui SW, Guo Q. Insights into the structure-bioactivity relationships of marine sulfated polysaccharides: A review. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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29
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Ren M, Li H, Fu Z, Li Q. Centenarian-Sourced Lactobacillus casei Combined with Dietary Fiber Complex Ameliorates Brain and Gut Function in Aged Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:324. [PMID: 35057509 PMCID: PMC8781173 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention could modulate age-related neurological disorders via the gut-brain axis. The potential roles of a probiotic and the dietary fiber complex (DFC) on brain and gut function in aged mice were investigated in this study. Lactobacillus casei LTL1361 and DFC were orally administrated for 12 weeks, and the learning and memory ability, as well as the oxidative parameters, inflammatory markers, gut barrier function and microbial metabolite short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), were investigated. LTL1361 and DFC supplementation ameliorated cognitive ability, attenuated oxidative stress in brain and inflammation in serum and colon, ameliorated gut barrier function, and increased the SCFA concentrations and gene expression of SCFA receptors. The protective effect was more significantly enhanced in aged mice treated with the combination of LTL1361 and DFC than treated with LTL1361 or DFC alone. These results could be associated with the protected morphology of pyramidal nerve cells in hippocampus of mice brain and the downregulation of apoptosis marker caspase-3 in brain and upregulation of tight junction proteins in small intestine and colon. The results indicated that Lactobacillus casei LTL1361 and DFC alleviated age-related cognitive impairment, as well as protected brain and gut function. Lactobacillus casei LTL1361 and DFC might be used as novel and promising antiaging agents in human.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Quanyang Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.R.); (H.L.); (Z.F.)
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30
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Chen P, Lei S, Tong M, Chang Q, Zheng B, Zhang Y, Zeng H. Effect of polysaccharide fractions from Fortunella margarita on the fecal microbiota of mice and SCFA production in vitro. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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31
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Li Y, Qin J, Cheng Y, Lv D, Li M, Qi Y, Lan J, Zhao Q, Li Z. Marine Sulfated Polysaccharides: Preventive and Therapeutic Effects on Metabolic Syndrome: A Review. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110608. [PMID: 34822479 PMCID: PMC8618309 DOI: 10.3390/md19110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is the pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. With the prevalence of modern lifestyles, the incidence of metabolic syndrome has risen rapidly. In recent years, marine sulfate polysaccharides (MSPs) have shown positive effects in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, and they mainly come from seaweeds and marine animals. MSPs are rich in sulfate and have stronger biological activity compared with terrestrial polysaccharides. MSPs can alleviate metabolic syndrome by regulating glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. In addition, MSPs prevent and treat metabolic syndrome by interacting with gut microbiota. MSPs can be degraded by gut microbes to produce metabolites such as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and free sulfate and affect the composition of gut microbiota. The difference between MSPs and other polysaccharides lies in the sulfation pattern and sulfate content, therefore, which is very important for anti-metabolic syndrome activity of MSPs. This review summarizes the latest findings on effects of MSPs on metabolic syndrome, mechanisms of MSPs in treatment/prevention of metabolic syndrome, interactions between MSPs and gut microbiota, and the role of sulfate group and sulfation pattern in MSPs activity. However, more clinical trials are needed to confirm the potential preventive and therapeutic effects on human body. It may be a better choice to develop new functional foods containing MSPs for dietary intervention in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances Development and High Value Utilization, Dalian 116023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Analyzing, Testing and Processing Technology Scientific Service Centre, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Juan Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yinghui Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Dong Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances Development and High Value Utilization, Dalian 116023, China
- Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Analyzing, Testing and Processing Technology Scientific Service Centre, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanxia Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances Development and High Value Utilization, Dalian 116023, China
- Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Analyzing, Testing and Processing Technology Scientific Service Centre, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jing Lan
- Dalian Zhenjiu Biological Industry Co., Ltd., Dalian 116023, China;
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances Development and High Value Utilization, Dalian 116023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-411-84673500 (Q.Z.); +86-411-84763107 (Z.L.)
| | - Zhibo Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (Y.C.); (D.L.); (M.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116023, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-411-84673500 (Q.Z.); +86-411-84763107 (Z.L.)
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Ai C, Wen C, Dong X, Sun X, Cao C, Zhang X, Zhu B, Song S. Gut microbiota response to sulfated sea cucumber polysaccharides in a differential manner using an in vitro fermentation model. Food Res Int 2021; 148:110562. [PMID: 34507721 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus has been consumed as high-valued seafood in Asian, and its sulfated polysaccharide (SCSPsj) has been inferred to benefit the host health via modulating gut microbiota composition. The present study compared the responses of gut microbiota communities from different donors to SCSPsj, and the key bacteria were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and in vitro fermentation with specific bacteria. Gut microbiota communities from 6 donors (A ~ F) utilized the polysaccharides to different degrees in vitro fermentation. Further comparison of Samples A and C demonstrated that Sample C with the relatively strong SCSPsj utilization capability possessed more Parabacteroides while Sample A contained more Bacteroides. Further in vitro fermentation of SCSPsj with 10 Parabacteroides and Bacteroides species suggests that Parabacteroides distasonis, enriched in Sample C, plays a critical role in the utilization of the polysaccharides. Moreover, short chain fatty acids and the metabolite profiles of Samples A and C were also compared, and the results showed that more beneficial metabolites were accumulated by the microbiota community consuming more sulfated sea cucumber polysaccharides. Our findings revealed that certain key members of gut microbiota, such as Parabacteroides distasonis, are critical for SCSPsj utilization in gut so as to influence the benefits of the polysaccharide supplement for host. Thus, to obtain better functional outcome for sulfated sea cucumber polysaccharides and sea cucumber, more attention needs to be paid to the effects of inter-individual differences in microbiota community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chengrong Wen
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Xiaona Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Cui Cao
- Shanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- Shanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
| | - Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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Polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) pulp modulates gut microbiota composition and improves short-chain fatty acids production. Food Chem 2021; 364:130434. [PMID: 34182368 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. pulp (JFP-Ps) on gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids production in mice. The microbial communities of V3 and V4 region 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR, then sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq PE250 platform and analyzed by multivariate statistical methods. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID). The results showed that JFP-Ps significantly affected the levels of intestinal bacteria, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Tenericutes, Deferribacteres and TM7. The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid and total SCFAs in mouse feces were significantly increased by treatment with JFP-Ps for 2 weeks. These results indicate that JFP-Ps is beneficial to the gut health and can be developed as a functional ingredient in relation to gut health.
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Zhu Z, Han Y, Ding Y, Zhu B, Song S, Xiao H. Health effects of dietary sulfated polysaccharides from seafoods and their interaction with gut microbiota. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2882-2913. [PMID: 33884748 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Various dietary sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) have been isolated from seafoods, including edible seaweeds and marine animals, and their health effects such as antiobesity and anti-inflammatory activities have attracted remarkable interest. Sulfate groups have been shown to play important roles in the bioactivities of these polysaccharides. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that the biological effects of dietary SPs are associated with the modulation of the gut microbiota. Dietary SPs could regulate the gut microbiota structure and, accordingly, affect the production of bioactive microbial metabolites. Because of their differential chemical structures, dietary SPs may specifically affect the growth of certain gut microbiota and associated metabolite production, which may contribute to variable health effects. This review summarizes the latest findings on the types and structural characteristics of SPs, the effects of different processing techniques on the structural characteristics and health effects of SPs, and the current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in the health effects of SPs. These findings might help in better understanding the mechanism of the health effects of SPs and provide a scientific basis for their application as functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China.,Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanhui Han
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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35
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Whole and polysaccharide powdered Sporisorium reilianum improves DSS-induced colitis in BALB/c mice by modulating gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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36
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Song S, Peng H, Wang Q, Liu Z, Dong X, Wen C, Ai C, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhu B. Inhibitory activities of marine sulfated polysaccharides against SARS-CoV-2. Food Funct 2020; 11:7415-7420. [PMID: 32966484 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread around the world at an unprecedented rate. In the present study, 4 marine sulfated polysaccharides were screened for their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2, including sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide (SCSP), fucoidan from brown algae, iota-carrageenan from red algae, and chondroitin sulfate C from sharks (CS). Of them, SCSP, fucoidan, and carrageenan showed significant antiviral activities at concentrations of 3.90-500 μg mL-1. SCSP exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity with IC50 of 9.10 μg mL-1. Furthermore, a test using pseudotype virus with S glycoprotein confirmed that SCSP could bind to the S glycoprotein to prevent SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry. The three antiviral polysaccharides could be employed to treat and prevent COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China..
| | - Haoran Peng
- Department of Biomedical Defense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhengqi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.. and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China..
| | - Chengrong Wen
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China..
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China..
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China..
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education and Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China..
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37
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Marine polysaccharides from Gelidium pacificum Okamura and Cereus sinensis reveal prebiotic functions. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4381-4390. [PMID: 32926901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many marine polysaccharides as prebiotics can promote host health by modulating gut microbiota. This study investigated the beneficial effects of purified marine plant-derived Gelidium pacificum Okamura polysaccharide (GPOP-1) and marine animal-derived Cereus sinensis polysaccharide (CSP-1) on normal mice by modulating gut microbiota. The composition and diversity of gut microbiota were evaluated using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that GPOP-1 and CSP-1 altered the composition of the gut microbiota and promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria. At the genus level, GPOP-1 increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased the relative abundance of Ruminococcus, Helicobacter, Allobaculum, Dorea and AF12. While CSP-1 increased the relative abundance of Coprococcus, Adlercreutzia, Roseburia, Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus and Oscillospira. The changes in the gut microbiota may affect the body weight, immune organ index and the production of short-chain fatty acids in normal mice. Compared to the normal control group, GPOP-1 decreased average weight gain while CSP-1 increased average weight gain. Furthermore, both GPOP-1 and CSP-1 significantly increased thymus and spleen indexes and total short chain fatty acids production in mice. In summary, GPOP-1 and CSP-1 exerted prebiotic effects on normal mice.
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38
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Zhou N, Long H, Wang C, Zhu Z, Yu L, Yang W, Ren X, Liu X. Characterization of selenium-containing polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis and its protective role against Cd-induced toxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2465-2476. [PMID: 32800953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein, selenium-containing polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis (Se-SPP) was prepared and its structural characteristics and protective role against Cd-induced toxicity in vivo and in vitro were investigated. Se-SPP was alkali-extracted from selenium-containing Spirulina platensis which was cultured in Zarrouk medium supplemented with Na2SeO3. The contents of carbohydrate, protein, uronic acid, sulfate and elements (including Se, C, H, O, N, and S) as well as the monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, surface morphology and FT-IR spectra of Se-SPP was compared to that of selenium-free polysaccharide (SPP). The results revealed that SPP and Se-SPP were both high-molecular-weight heteropolysaccharide with similar molecular weight and monosaccharide composition but significantly different selenium content, indicating that the covalently-bonding of a small amount of selenium did not destroy the original structure of polysaccharide. Furthermore, CdCl2 was utilized to build Cd-intoxicated cells model in vitro and rats model in vivo respectively. Then, the protective effect of Se-SPP against cadmium-induced toxicity was assessed. The results demonstrated that Se-SPP treatment provided significant protection against Cd-induced toxicity, which was superior compared to that of SPP or Na2SeO3 alone. The enhancement of protective role may be affected by the covalently-bonding of selenium to polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hairong Long
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chenghua Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lian Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wanrong Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xinying Ren
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Shang H, Zhao J, Dong X, Guo Y, Zhang H, Cheng J, Zhou H. Inulin improves the egg production performance and affects the cecum microbiota of laying hens. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1599-1609. [PMID: 31751722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Egg production performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, and microbial composition as affected by dietary inulin supplementation were evaluated in laying hens. A total of 300 laying hens were divided into 5 groups and fed diets containing inulin at levels of 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg, respectively. The results showed that the 15 g/kg inulin supplementation level improved average egg weight by 2.54%, egg mass by 5.76%, and laying rate by 3.09%, and decreased the feed conversion ratio by 3.61% compared to those of the control during feeding weeks 1 to 8. Dietary inulin supplementation improved eggshell thickness, nutrient digestibility and cecum Bacteroidales_S24-7_ group abundance in the laying hens. In conclusion, dietary inulin supplementation, particularly at the level of 15 g/kg, improved the egg production performance and eggshell thickness of laying hens, mainly due to increased nutrient digestibility and selective modulations of the cecum microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Lab of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, AR, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Hexiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jianglong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Haizhu Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China.
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40
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Olivera-Castillo L, Grant G, Kantún-Moreno N, Barrera-Pérez HA, Montero J, Olvera-Novoa MA, Carrillo-Cocom LM, Acevedo JJ, Puerto-Castillo C, May Solís V, Pérez-Vega JA, Gil-Zamorano J, Hernández-Garibay E, Fernández-Herrera MA, Pérez-Tapia M, Medina-Contreras O, Villanueva-Toledo JR, Rodriguez-Canul R, Dávalos A. A Glycosaminoglycan-Rich Fraction from Sea Cucumber Isostichopus badionotus Has Potent Anti-Inflammatory Properties In Vitro and In Vivo. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1698. [PMID: 32517205 PMCID: PMC7352476 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea cucumber body wall contains several naturally occurring bioactive components that possess health-promoting properties. Isostichopus badionotus from Yucatan, Mexico is heavily fished, but little is known about its bioactive constituents. We previously established that I. badionotus meal had potent anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. We have now screened some of its constituents for anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Glycosaminoglycan and soluble protein preparations reduced 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammatory responses in HaCaT cells while an ethanol extract had a limited effect. The primary glycosaminoglycan (fucosylated chondroitin sulfate; FCS) was purified and tested for anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. FCS modulated the expression of critical genes, including NF-ĸB, TNFα, iNOS, and COX-2, and attenuated inflammation and tissue damage caused by TPA in a mouse ear inflammation model. It also mitigated colonic colitis caused in mice by dextran sodium sulfate. FCS from I. badionotus of the Yucatan Peninsula thus had strong anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Olivera-Castillo
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - George Grant
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
- Applied Science Research Foundation, A.C., Calle 26 No. 144 x 21 y 21A, Col. San Pedro Cholul, Merida 97138, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Nuvia Kantún-Moreno
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Hirian A. Barrera-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Anatomía Patológica (ANAPAT), Av. Yucatán 630, Fracc. Jardines de Mérida, Mérida 97135, Yucatan, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Montero
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Olvera-Novoa
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Leydi M. Carrillo-Cocom
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 613 x 90, Col. Inalámbrica, Mérida 97069, Yucatan, Mexico;
| | - Juan J. Acevedo
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Leñeros s/n, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Cesar Puerto-Castillo
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Victor May Solís
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Juan A. Pérez-Vega
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Judit Gil-Zamorano
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Carretera de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Enrique Hernández-Garibay
- Centro Regional de Investigación Pesquera de Ensenada, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada Km. 107.5, El Sauzal de Rodríguez, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico;
| | - María A. Fernández-Herrera
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Mérida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico;
| | - Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Médica y Biotecnológica (UDIMEB), Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Del. Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Immunology and Proteomics Laboratory, Mexico Children’s Hospital “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Jairo R. Villanueva-Toledo
- Cátedras CONACYT-Fundacion IMSS, A.C., CONACYT, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Del. Benito Juárez, Col. Crédito Constructor, Ciudad de Mexico 03940, Mexico;
| | - Rossanna Rodriguez-Canul
- Departamento Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Unidad Mérida, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico; (N.K.-M.); (J.M.); (M.A.O.-N.); (C.P.-C.); (V.M.S.); (J.A.P.-V.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Carretera de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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Cui M, Zhou R, Wang Y, Zhang M, Liu K, Ma C. Beneficial effects of sulfated polysaccharides from the red seaweed Gelidium pacificum Okamura on mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Food Funct 2020; 11:4625-4637. [PMID: 32400829 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00598c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Gelidium pacificum Okamura polysaccharides (sulfated polysaccharide, GPOP-1) had beneficial effects on mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Compared with the natural recovery group, GPOP-1 increased the richness and diversity of the gut microbiome, as well as altered the composition of the gut microbiota. At the genus level, GPOP-1 significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Oscillospira, and Bifidobacterium and decreased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Sutterella, and AF12. The metabolic pathway differences according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed that the metabolic function of the gut microbiota could be significantly improved by GPOP-1. Furthermore, GPOP-1 downregulated the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), alleviated the pathological features of the cecum, and increased the contents of acetates, propionates, butyrates, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Results indicated that GPOP-1 had beneficial effects on mice with AAD by promoting the recovery of the gut microbiota and mucosal barrier function, reversing metabolic disorders, downregulating the levels of inflammatory cytokines and improving the content of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Cui
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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42
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Long H, Gu X, Zhou N, Zhu Z, Wang C, Liu X, Zhao M. Physicochemical characterization and bile acid-binding capacity of water-extract polysaccharides fractionated by stepwise ethanol precipitation from Caulerpa lentillifera. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:654-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Chen K, Zhao H, Shu L, Xing H, Wang C, Lu C, Song G. Effect of resveratrol on intestinal tight junction proteins and the gut microbiome in high-fat diet-fed insulin resistant mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 71:965-978. [PMID: 32306796 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1754351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-feeding induces changes in the microbiome and increases intestinal permeability by impairing tight junction (TJ) protein function, which may explain the insulin resistance (IR) and associated pathologies. We aimed to determine the effects of resveratrol (RES) on the gut microbiome and intestinal TJ proteins. Results showed that RES administration improved the lipid profile, and ameliorated the endotoxemia, inflammation, intestinal barrier defect and glucose intolerance in the HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, it modified the gut microbial composition, reducing the proportion of Firmicutes and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Moreover, Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia were much more abundant in the HFD + RES group. RES also significantly reduced the abundance of Bilophila and Ruminococcus. These findings suggest that RES may be useful for the treatment of IR and associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiting Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyi Shu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanying Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiping Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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44
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Wan XZ, Ai C, Chen YH, Gao XX, Zhong RT, Liu B, Chen XH, Zhao C. Physicochemical Characterization of a Polysaccharide from Green Microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Its Hypolipidemic Activity via Gut Microbiota Regulation in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1186-1197. [PMID: 31855431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A bioactive polysaccharide from microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CPP) was successively prepared via DEAE-52 and G-100 columns. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that the main glycosidic bonds were composed of 1,2-linked-α-l-Fucp, 1,4-linked-α-l-Rhap, 1,4-linked-β-l-Araf, 1-linked-α-d-Glcp, 1,3-linked-β-d-GlcpA, 1,4-linked-β-d-Xylp, and 1,3,6-linked-β-d-Manp. Its molecular weight was 5.63 × 106 Da. The hypolipidemic effect and intestinal flora regulation of CPP on diet-induced rats were evaluated through histopathology and biochemistry analyses. CPP could improve plasma and liver lipid metabolism and accelerate the metabolism of the cecal total bile acids and short-chain fatty acids. CPP has also upregulated the adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase α and downregulated the acetyl-CoA carboxylase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA expressions. Moreover, with the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, it was revealed that the composition of intestinal flora changed drastically after treatment, such as the bloom of Coprococcus_1, Lactobacillus, and Turicibacter, whereas there was a strong reduction of the [Ruminococcus]_gauvreauii_group. The above results illustrated that CPP might be served as an effective ingredient to ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders and intestinal flora in hyperlipidemia rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhi Wan
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ai
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510641 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Gao
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ru-Ting Zhong
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition , Ministry of Education , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition , Ministry of Education , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine , University of Macau , Taipa , Macau 999078 , People's Republic of China
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Xia Y, Kuda T, Toyama A, Goto M, Fukunaga M, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Detection and isolation of bacteria affected by dietary cumin, coriander, turmeric, and red chili pepper in the caecum of ICR mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Yuan Y, Liu Q, Zhao F, Cao J, Shen X, Li C. Holothuria Leucospilota Polysaccharides Ameliorate Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Rats via Short-Chain Fatty Acids Production and Lipid Metabolism Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194738. [PMID: 31554265 PMCID: PMC6801986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Holothuria leucospilota polysaccharides (HLP) are expected to become potential resources for the treatment of hyperlipidemia because of their various bioactivities. In the study, the treatment of HLP on improving hyperlipidemia in rats was explored. Oral administration of HLP at 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight effectively alleviated serum lipid levels and liver histological abnormalities in high-fat-diet rats. HLP regulated abnormal mRNA, lipogenesis-related hormones and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12) levels. HLP improved the ability of gut microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have been found to ameliorate liver lesions. Therefore, HLP alleviated hyperlipidemia by improving the levels of SCFAs to regulate lipid metabolism. These results indicated that HLP could be used as beneficial polysaccharides to alleviate hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiong Yuan
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xuanri Shen
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Chuan Li
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Endotoxemia with Dietary Factors. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102277. [PMID: 31547555 PMCID: PMC6835897 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a condition in which blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels are elevated, regardless of the presence of obvious infection. It has been suggested to lead to chronic inflammation-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), pancreatitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, it has attracted attention as a target for the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases. As metabolic endotoxemia was first reported in mice that were fed a high-fat diet, research regarding its relationship with diets has been actively conducted in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize the relationship between fat intake and induction of metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on gut dysbiosis and the influx, kinetics, and metabolism of LPS. We also summarize the recent findings about dietary factors that attenuate metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on the regulation of gut microbiota. We hope that in the future, control of metabolic endotoxemia using dietary factors will help maintain human health.
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Zhu Z, Dong X, Yan C, Ai C, Zhou D, Yang J, Zhang H, Liu X, Song S, Xiao H, Zhu B. Structural Features and Digestive Behavior of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate from Sea Cucumbers Stichopus japonicus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10534-10542. [PMID: 31464434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus (FCSSJ) has been demonstrated with various biological activities; however, its precise structure is still controversial, and digestive behavior remains poorly understood. FCSSJ was purified, and its detailed structure was elucidated mainly based on the NMR spectroscopic methods. Its main chain was characterized as →4)-β-d-GlcA-(1 → 3)-β-d-GalNAc-(1→ with GalNAc4S6S:GalNAc4S in a ratio of 1.5:1, and three types of sulfated fucosyl branches attaching C-3 of GlcA, namely, Fucp2S4S, Fucp3S4S, and Fucp4S, were found in a ratio of 2:1.5:1. The digestibility of FCSSJ was investigated in vitro, and the unchanged molecular weight and reducing sugar content indicated that FCSSJ was not broken down under salivary and gastrointestinal digestion. Furthermore, FCSSJ showed a significant inhibitory impact on pancreatic lipase dose-dependently but not on α-amylase, indicating that the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by FCSSJ might be a pathway for its hypolipidemic effect. These findings propose a fucosylated chondroitin sulfate and provide insight into the mechanism of its physiological effects in the digestion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Zhu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering , Guangxi University , Nanning 530004 , China
- Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | | | - Chunhong Yan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Dayong Zhou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
| | | | - Xiaoling Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering , Guangxi University , Nanning 530004 , China
| | - Shuang Song
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
- Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application , Dalian 116034 , China
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering , Guangxi University , Nanning 530004 , China
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Hu S, Wang J, Xu Y, Yang H, Wang J, Xue C, Yan X, Su L. Anti-inflammation effects of fucosylated chondroitin sulphate from Acaudina molpadioides by altering gut microbiota in obese mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:1736-1746. [PMID: 30855043 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02364f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the possible prebiotic effects of dietary fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from Acaudina molpadioides (Am-CHS) on the modulation of the gut microbiota and the improvement in the risk factors for chronic inflammation in high fat diet-fed mice. The results showed that the Am-CHS treatment greatly modified the gut microbiota, including the decrease in Bacteroidetes, increase in Firmicutes, elevation in Lactobacillus (intestinal barrier protector) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group), and reduction in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) producer (Escherichia coli). This modulation inhibited inflammatory response, manifesting the decreases in circulating proinflammatory cytokines and their mRNA expression, and the increases in interleukin-10. Dietary Am-CHS caused reductions in serum and fecal LPS concentrations and inhibition of transcription of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its downstream proteins. In addition, there were increases in the portal levels of fecal SCFAs, which probably contributed to an increase in the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein in Am-CHS-treated mice. These results suggest that modulation of gut microbiota by Am-CHS can improve chronic inflammation by reducing LPS levels and TLR4 signaling. Modulation also appears to increase the levels of fecal SCFAs, which activates AMPK and finally leads to inflammation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Hu
- Innovation Application Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
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Zhang N, Wang Y, Kan J, Wu X, Zhang X, Tang S, Sun R, Liu J, Qian C, Jin C. In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of water-soluble polysaccharide from Arctium lappa. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:717-724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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