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Azizi N, Eslami R, Goudarzi S, Younesi H, Zarrin H. A Review of Current Achievements and Recent Challenges in Bacterial Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Production and Potential Applications. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2679-2700. [PMID: 38656151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Using petroleum-derived plastics has contributed significantly to environmental issues, such as greenhouse gas emissions and the accumulation of plastic waste in ecosystems. Researchers have focused on developing ecofriendly polymers as alternatives to traditional plastics to address these concerns. This review provides a comprehensive overview of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs), biodegradable biopolymers produced by microorganisms that show promise in replacing conventional plastics. The review discusses the classification, properties, and potential substrates of less studied mcl-PHAs, highlighting their greater ductility and flexibility compared to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), a well-known but brittle PHA. The authors summarize existing research to emphasize the potential applications of mcl-PHAs in biomedicine, packaging, biocomposites, water treatment, and energy. Future research should focus on improving production techniques, ensuring economic viability, and addressing challenges associated with industrial implementation. Investigating the biodegradability, stability, mechanical properties, durability, and cost-effectiveness of mcl-PHA-based products compared to petroleum-based counterparts is crucial. The future of mcl-PHAs looks promising, with continued research expected to optimize production techniques, enhance material properties, and expand applications. Interdisciplinary collaborations among microbiologists, engineers, chemists, and materials scientists will drive progress in this field. In conclusion, this review serves as a valuable resource to understand mcl-PHAs as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics. However, further research is needed to optimize production methods, evaluate long-term ecological impacts, and assess the feasibility and viability in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Azizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Research and Innovation Department, Sensofine Inc., Innovation Boost Zone (IBZ), Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C2, Canada
| | - Reza Eslami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Research and Innovation Department, Sensofine Inc., Innovation Boost Zone (IBZ), Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C2, Canada
| | - Shaghayegh Goudarzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Habibollah Younesi
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Nour 64414-356, Iran
| | - Hadis Zarrin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Research and Innovation Department, Sensofine Inc., Innovation Boost Zone (IBZ), Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C2, Canada
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Deng RX, Li HL, Wang W, Hu HB, Zhang XH. Engineering Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66 for the Biosynthesis of Copolymers Containing 3-Hydroxybutyrate and Medium-Chain-Length 3-Hydroxyalkanoates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8684-8692. [PMID: 38564621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are promising alternatives to petroleum-based plastics, owing to their biodegradability and superior material properties. Here, the controllable biosynthesis of scl-co-mcl PHA containing 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and mcl 3-hydroxyalkanoates was achieved in Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66. First, key genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, the de novo fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, and the phaC1-phaZ-phaC2 operon were deleted to develop a chassis strain. Subsequently, an acetoacetyl-CoA reductase gene phaB and a PHA synthase gene phaC with broad substrate specificity were heterologously expressed for producing and polymerizing the 3HB monomer with mcl 3-hydroxyalkanoates under the assistance of native β-ketothiolase gene phaA. Furthermore, the monomer composition of scl-co-mcl PHA was regulated by adjusting the amount of glucose and dodecanoic acid supplemented. Notably, the cell dry weight and scl-co-mcl PHA content reached 14.2 g/L and 60.1 wt %, respectively, when the engineered strain HT11Δ::phaCB was cultured in King's B medium containing 5 g/L glucose and 5 g/L dodecanoic acid. These results demonstrated that P. chlororaphis can be a platform for producing scl-co-mcl PHA and has the potential for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Xiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hong-Bo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xue-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Rodrigues T, Torres CAV, Marques S, Gírio F, Freitas F, Reis MAM. Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production from Eucalyptus Bark's Enzymatic Hydrolysate. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1773. [PMID: 38673131 PMCID: PMC11050922 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained notoriety because of their desirable properties that include proven biodegradability, biocompatibility, and thermal stability, which make them suitable alternatives to fossil-based polymers. However, the widespread use of PHAs is still challenging because of their production costs, which are greatly associated with the cultivation medium used for bacterial cultivation. In Portugal, one-quarter of the forest area is covered by Eucalyptus globulus wood, making its residues a cheap, abundant, and sustainable potential carbon source for biotechnological uses. In this work, eucalyptus bark was used as the sole feedstock for PHA production in a circular bioeconomic approach. Eucalyptus bark hydrolysate was obtained after enzymatic saccharification using Cellic® CTec3, resulting in a sugar-rich solution containing glucose and xylose. Although with differing performances, several bacteria were able to grow and produce PHA with distinct compositions, using the enzymatic hydrolysate as the sole carbon source. Pseudomonas citronellolis NRRL B-2504 achieved a high cellular growth rate in bioreactor assays (24.4 ± 0.15 g/L) but presented a low accumulation of a medium-chain-length PHA (mcl-PHA) comprising the monomers hydroxydecanoate (HD, 65%), hydroxydodecanoate (HDd, 25%), and hydroxytetradecanoate (HTd, 14%). Burkholderia thailandensis E264, on the other hand, reached a lower cellular growth rate (8.87 ± 0.34 g/L) but showed a higher biopolymer accumulation, with a polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) content in the cells of 12.3 wt.%. The new isolate, Pseudomonas sp., revealed that under nitrogen availability, it was able to reach a higher accumulation of the homopolymer PHB (31 wt.%). These results, although preliminary, demonstrate the suitability of eucalyptus bark's enzymatic hydrolysate as a feedstock for PHA production, thus offering an exciting avenue for achieving sustainable and environmentally responsible plastic products from an undervalued forestry waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rodrigues
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (T.R.); (C.A.V.T.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cristiana A. V. Torres
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (T.R.); (C.A.V.T.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana Marques
- Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia I.P., 2610-999 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Francisco Gírio
- Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia I.P., 2610-999 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Filomena Freitas
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (T.R.); (C.A.V.T.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A. M. Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (T.R.); (C.A.V.T.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Asiri F. Polyhydroxyalkanoates for Sustainable Aquaculture: A Review of Recent Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2034-2058. [PMID: 38227436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable biopolymers produced by prokaryotic microbes, which, at the same time, can be applied as single-cell proteins (SCPs), growing on renewable waste-derived substrates. These PHA polymers have gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics. One promising application of PHA and PHA-rich SCPs lies within the aquaculture food industry, where they hold potential as feed additives, biocontrol agents against diseases, and immunostimulants. Nevertheless, the cost of PHA production and application remains high, partly due to expensive substrates for cultivating PHA-accumulating SCPs, costly sterilization, energy-intensive SCPs harvesting techniques, and toxic PHA extraction and purification processes. This review summarizes the current state of PHA production and its application in aquaculture. The structure and classification of PHA, microbial sources, cultivation substrates, biosynthesis pathways, and the production challenges and solutions are discussed. Next, the potential of PHA application in aquaculture is explored, focusing on aquaculture challenges, common and innovative PHA-integrated farming practices, and PHA mechanisms in inhibiting pathogens, enhancing the immune system, and improving growth and gut health of various aquatic species. Finally, challenges and future research needs for PHA production and application in aquaculture are identified. Overall, this review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of PHA in aquaculture and highlights the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Asiri
- Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
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5
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González-Rojo S, Paniagua-García AI, Díez-Antolínez R. Biotransformation of starch-based wastewater into bioplastics: Optimization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 using potato wastewater hydrolysate. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120766. [PMID: 37897996 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable biopolymers, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), have emerged as an alternative to petrochemical-based plastics. The present work explores the production of PHAs based on the biotransformation of potato processing wastewater and addresses two different strategies for PHA recovery. To this end, culture conditions for PHA synthesis by Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 were optimized on a laboratory scale using a response surface methodology-based experimental design. Optimal conditions rendered a PHB, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), accumulation of 83.74 ± 2.37 % (5.1 ± 0.2 gL-1), a 1.4-fold increase compared to the initial conditions. Moreover, polymer extraction with non-halogenated agent improved PHB recovery compared to chloroform method (PHB yield up to 78.78 ± 0.57 %), while maintaining PHB purity. (99.83 ± 4.95 %). Overall, the present work demonstrated the potential valorization of starch-based wastewater by biotransformation into PHBs, a high value-added product, and showed that recovery approaches more eco-friendly than the traditional treatments could be applied to PHB recovery to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S González-Rojo
- Centro de Biocombustibles y Bioproductos, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Polígono Agroindustrial del Órbigo p. 2-6, Villarejo de Órbigo 24358, León, Spain.
| | - A I Paniagua-García
- Centro de Biocombustibles y Bioproductos, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Polígono Agroindustrial del Órbigo p. 2-6, Villarejo de Órbigo 24358, León, Spain
| | - R Díez-Antolínez
- Centro de Biocombustibles y Bioproductos, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Polígono Agroindustrial del Órbigo p. 2-6, Villarejo de Órbigo 24358, León, Spain
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6
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Diniz MSDF, Mourão MM, Xavier LP, Santos AV. Recent Biotechnological Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in the Biomedical Sector-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4405. [PMID: 38006129 PMCID: PMC10675258 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Petroleum-derived plastics are materials of great importance for the contemporary lifestyle, and are widely used commercially because they are low cost, resistant, malleable, and weightless, in addition to their hydrophobic character. However, some factors that confer the qualities of these materials also cause problems, mainly environmental, associated with their use. The COVID-19 pandemic aggravated these impacts due to the high demand for personal protective equipment and the packaging sector. In this scenario, bioplastics are environmentally positive alternatives to these plastics due to their applicability in several areas ranging from packaging, to biomedicine, to agriculture. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable biopolymers usually produced by microorganisms as an energy reserve. Their structural variability provides a wide range of applications, making them a viable option to replace polluting materials. PHAs can be applied in various biotechnology sectors, such as producing drug carriers and scaffolds for tissue engineering. This review aimed to survey works published in the last five years on the study and biotechnological application of PHAs in the biomedical sector, exploring the versatility and advantages of their use and helping to understand how to enhance their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva da Fonseca Diniz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformations, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (M.M.M.); (L.P.X.)
| | | | | | - Agenor Valadares Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformations, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (M.M.M.); (L.P.X.)
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7
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Wu X, De Bruyn M, Barta K. Deriving high value products from depolymerized lignin oil, aided by (bio)catalytic funneling strategies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:9929-9951. [PMID: 37526604 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01555f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Lignin holds tremendous and versatile possibilities to produce value-added chemicals and high performing polymeric materials. Over the years, different cutting-edge lignin depolymerization methodologies have been developed, mainly focusing on achieving excellent yields of mono-phenolic products, some even approaching the theoretical maximum. However, due to lignin's inherent heterogeneity and recalcitrance, its depolymerization leads to relatively complex product streams, also containing dimers, and higher molecular weight fragments in substantial quantities. The subsequent chemo-catalytic valorization of these higher molecular weight streams, containing difficult-to-break, mainly C-C covalent bonds, is tremendously challenging, and has consequently received much less attention. In this minireview, we present an overview of recent advances on the development of sustainable biorefinery strategies aimed at the production of well-defined chemicals and polymeric materials, the prime focus being on depolymerized lignin oils, containing high molecular weight fractions. The key central unit operation to achieve this is (bio)catalytic funneling, which holds great potential to overcome separation and purification challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyuan Wu
- University of Groningen, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mario De Bruyn
- University of Graz, Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Katalin Barta
- University of Groningen, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Graz, Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Pereira JR, Rafael AM, Esmail A, Morais M, Matos M, Marques AC, Reis MAM, Freitas F. Preparation of Porous Scaffold Based on Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) and FucoPol. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2945. [PMID: 37447591 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This work focused on the development of porous scaffolds based on biocomposites comprising two biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers: a terpolyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHVHHx), and the bacterial polysaccharide FucoPol. The PHBHVHHx terpolymer was composed of 3-hydroxybutyrate (55 wt%), 3-hydroxyvalerate (21 wt%), and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (24 wt%). This hydrophobic polyester has low crystallinity and can form elastic and flexible films. Fucopol is a fucose-containing water-soluble polysaccharide that forms viscous solutions with shear thinning behavior and has demonstrated emulsion-forming and stabilizing capacity and wound healing ability. Emulsion-templating was used to fabricate PHA-based porous structures in which FucoPol acted as a bioemulsifier. Compared with the scaffolds obtained from emulsions with only water, the use of FucoPol aqueous solutions resulted in structures with improved mechanical properties, namely higher tensile strength (4.4 MPa) and a higher Young's Modulus (85 MPa), together with an elongation at break of 52%. These features, together with the scaffolds' high porosity and pore interconnectivity, suggest their potential to sustain cell adhesion and proliferation, which is further supported by FucoPol's demonstrated wound healing ability. Therefore, the developed PHBHVHHx:FucoPol scaffolds arise as innovative porous bioactive structures with great potential for use in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Pereira
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Rafael
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Asiyah Esmail
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Morais
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mariana Matos
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina Marques
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
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9
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Kalia VC, Patel SKS, Lee JK. Exploiting Polyhydroxyalkanoates for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081937. [PMID: 37112084 PMCID: PMC10144186 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable plastic. Numerous bacteria produce PHAs under environmental stress conditions, such as excess carbon-rich organic matter and limitations of other nutritional elements such as potassium, magnesium, oxygen, phosphorus, and nitrogen. In addition to having physicochemical properties similar to fossil-fuel-based plastics, PHAs have unique features that make them ideal for medical devices, such as easy sterilization without damaging the material itself and easy dissolution following use. PHAs can replace traditional plastic materials used in the biomedical sector. PHAs can be used in a variety of biomedical applications, including medical devices, implants, drug delivery devices, wound dressings, artificial ligaments and tendons, and bone grafts. Unlike plastics, PHAs are not manufactured from petroleum products or fossil fuels and are, therefore, environment-friendly. In this review, a recent overview of applications of PHAs with special emphasis on biomedical sectors, including drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, and biocontrols, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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10
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Vermeer CM, Depaz L, van den Berg E, Koelmans T, Kleerebezem R. Production of medium-chain-length PHA in octanoate-fed enrichments dominated by Sphaerotilus sp. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:687-701. [PMID: 36515096 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) production by using microbial enrichments is a promising but largely unexplored approach to obtain elastomeric biomaterials from secondary resources. In this study, several enrichment strategies were tested to select a community with a high mcl-PHA storage capacity when feeding octanoate. On the basis of analysis of the metabolic pathways, the hypothesis was formulated that mcl-PHA production is more favorable under oxygen-limited conditions than short-chain-length PHA (scl-PHA). This hypothesis was confirmed by bioreactor experiments showing that oxygen limitation during the PHA accumulation experiments resulted in a higher fraction of mcl-PHA over scl-PHA (i.e., a PHA content of 76 wt% with an mcl fraction of 0.79 with oxygen limitation, compared to a PHA content of 72 wt% with an mcl-fraction of 0.62 without oxygen limitation). Physicochemical analysis revealed that the extracted PHA could be separated efficiently into a hydroxybutyrate-rich fraction with a higher Mw and a hydroxyhexanoate/hydroxyoctanoate-rich fraction with a lower Mw . The ratio between the two fractions could be adjusted by changing the environmental conditions, such as oxygen availability and pH. Almost all enrichments were dominated by Sphaerotilus sp. This is the first scientific report that links this genus to mcl-PHA production, demonstrating that microbial enrichments can be a powerful tool to explore mcl-PHA biodiversity and to discover novel industrially relevant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Vermeer
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Lena Depaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Emily van den Berg
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Koelmans
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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11
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Rangel C, Carvalho G, Oehmen A, Frison N, Lourenço ND, Reis MAM. Polyhydroxyalkanoates production from ethanol- and lactate-rich fermentate of confectionary industry effluents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:713-723. [PMID: 36587645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production has been the focus of considerable research to increase productivities and reduce production costs. In this study, a fermented confectionary industry wastewater was used as feedstock for mixed microbial culture PHA production. The feedstock was dominated by lactate and ethanol (60-90 % of all soluble fermentation products). The culture selection reactor was inoculated with municipal activated sludge and was operated at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 100 Cmmol·L-1·d-1, achieving a robust PHA-accumulating enrichment, which produced up to 52.6 ± 0.4 wt% of PHA in accumulation assays. An OLR increase in the culture selection stage to 150 Cmmol·L-1·d-1 led to a PHA content of 59.1 ± 0.6, a yield of 0.93 ± 0.01 Cmol-PHA·Cmol-S-1 and a productivity of 0.93 ± 0.01 g-PHA L-1·h-1. A correlation analysis of the impact of ethanol concentrations from 3.19 to 20.3 Cmmol·L-1 in the reactor showed that ethanol inhibited PHA production rate and yield and the consumption of other carbon sources available. Microbial community analysis revealed the increase of Amaricoccus genus during the bioreactor operation time, a known PHA accumulator. The produced polymer was poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with an average molecular weight of 4.3 × 105 Da and a polydispersity index of 1.88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rangel
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicola Frison
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Strada Le Grazie, 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nídia D Lourenço
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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12
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Máčalová D, Janalíková M, Sedlaříková J, Rektoříková I, Koutný M, Pleva P. Genotypic and Phenotypic Detection of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production in Bacterial Isolates from Food. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021250. [PMID: 36674766 PMCID: PMC9864133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are widely used in medical and potentially in other applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Understanding PHA biosynthetic pathways may lead to the detection of appropriate conditions (substrates) for producing a particular PHA type by a specific microbial strain. The aim of this study was to establish a method enabling potentially interesting PHA bacterial producers to be found. In the study, all four classes of PHA synthases and other genes involved in PHA formation (fabG, phaA, phaB, phaG, and phaJ) were detected by PCR in 64 bacterial collection strains and food isolates. Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Cupriavidus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Lelliottia, Lysinibacillus, Mammaliicoccus, Oceanobacillus, Pantoea, Peribacillus, Priestia, Pseudomonas, Rahnella, Staphylococcus, and Stenotrophomonas genera were found among these strains. Fructose, glucose, sunflower oil, and propionic acid were utilized as carbon sources and PHA production was detected by Sudan black staining, Nile blue staining, and FTIR methods. The class I synthase and phaA genes were the most frequently found, indicating the strains' ability to synthesize PHA from carbohydrates. Among the tested bacterial strains, the Pseudomonas genus was identified as able to utilize all tested carbon sources. The Pseudomonas extremorientalis strain was determined as a prospect for biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Máčalová
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 275 Vavreckova, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Magda Janalíková
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 275 Vavreckova, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Sedlaříková
- Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 275 Vavreckova, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Rektoříková
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 275 Vavreckova, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Koutný
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 275 Vavreckova, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pleva
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 275 Vavreckova, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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13
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Novel Production Methods of Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Their Innovative Uses in Biomedicine and Industry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238351. [PMID: 36500442 PMCID: PMC9740486 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a biodegradable polymer obtained from microorganisms and plants, have been widely used in biomedical applications and devices, such as sutures, cardiac valves, bone scaffold, and drug delivery of compounds with pharmaceutical interests, as well as in food packaging. This review focuses on the use of polyhydroxyalkanoates beyond the most common uses, aiming to inform about the potential uses of the biopolymer as a biosensor, cosmetics, drug delivery, flame retardancy, and electrospinning, among other interesting uses. The novel applications are based on the production and composition of the polymer, which can be modified by genetic engineering, a semi-synthetic approach, by changing feeding carbon sources and/or supplement addition, among others. The future of PHA is promising, and despite its production costs being higher than petroleum-based plastics, tools given by synthetic biology, bioinformatics, and machine learning, among others, have allowed for great production yields, monomer and polymer functionalization, stability, and versatility, a key feature to increase the uses of this interesting family of polymers.
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14
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Koller M, Obruča S. Biotechnological production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from glycerol: A review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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15
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates from a Mixed Microbial Culture: Extraction Optimization and Polymer Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112155. [PMID: 35683828 PMCID: PMC9182939 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biopolymers with potential to replace conventional oil-based plastics. However, PHA high production costs limit their scope of commercial applications. Downstream processing is currently the major cost factor for PHA production but one of the least investigated aspects of the PHA production chain. In this study, the extraction of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) produced at pilot scale by a mixed microbial culture was performed using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) as digestion agents of non-PHA cellular mass. Optimal conditions for digestion with NaOH (0.3 M, 4.8 h) and NaClO (9.0%, 3.4 h) resulted in polymers with a PHA purity and recovery of ca. 100%, in the case of the former and ca. 99% and 90%, respectively, in the case of the latter. These methods presented higher PHA recoveries than extraction by soxhlet with chloroform, the benchmark protocol for PHA extraction. The polymers extracted by the three methods presented similar PHA purities, molecular weights and polydispersity indices. Using the optimized conditions for NaOH and NaClO digestions, this study analyzed the effect of the initial intracellular PHA content (40-70%), biomass concentration (20-100 g/L) and biomass pre-treatment (fresh vs. dried vs. lyophilized) on the performance of PHA extraction by these two methods.
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16
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Aloui H, Khomlaem C, Torres CAV, Freitas F, Reis MAM, Kim BS. Enhanced co-production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates and phenazines from crude glycerol by high cell density cultivation of Pseudomonas chlororaphis in membrane bioreactor. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 211:545-555. [PMID: 35577193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced co-production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) and extracellular phenazines was assessed through a high cell density cultivation of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca (DSM 19603) in a membrane bioreactor using crude glycerol as a fermentative substrate. A maximum dry cell weight (DCW) of 59.25 ± 0.31 g/L was achieved at 90 h of cultivation with a maximum mcl-PHA and extracellular phenazines concentrations of respectively 19.05 ± 0.04 g/L (32.16% of DCW) and 79.42 ± 0.35 mg/L. mcl-PHA concentration achieved through cell retention culture was 28.43-folds higher than that obtained by batch culture. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analysis identified the produced PHA as a mcl-PHA copolymer of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (0.68%), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (7.76%), 3-hydroxydecanoate (49.18%), 3-hydroxydodecanoate (4.89%), and 3-hydroxytetradecanoate (37.50%). The mcl-PHA exhibited a highly amorphous structure with low crystallinity index (4.19%) and high thermal stability. This is the first report on the enhanced co-production of mcl-PHA and phenazines in a membrane bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Aloui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanin Khomlaem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Cristiana A V Torres
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Matsumoto A, Kawai SJ, Yamada M. Utilization of various carbon sources for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] production by Cobetia sp. IU180733JP01 (5-11-6-3) which is capable of producing P(3HB) from alginate and waste seaweed. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2022; 68:207-211. [PMID: 35418539 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The marine bacterium Cobetia sp. IU180733JP01 (5-11-6-3) can accumulate poly(3- hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] during cultivation on alginate or waste Laminaria sp. Here, we examined this strain's ability to utilize various carbon sources for P(3HB) production. When cultured in mineral salt medium containing 1% (w/v) glucose, fructose, glycerol, or gluconic acid, the strain showed better growth and higher P(3HB) production than on alginate, with fructose enabling the highest P(3HB) yield (0.8 ± 0.06 g/L). We also predicted metabolic pathways for P(3HB) synthesis based on draft genome sequence analysis, in which carbon sources are assimilated through Entner-Doudoroff and Embden-Meyerhof pathways, and the resultant acetyl-CoA is converted into P(3HB). Our findings reveal the potential of the 5-11-6-3 strain for application in bioplastic production from not only marine biomass but also other biomass and industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsumoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Iwate University
| | | | - Miwa Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Iwate University
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18
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates from industrial cheese whey: Production and characterization of polymers with differing hydroxyvalerate content. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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19
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Matos M, Cruz RAP, Cardoso P, Silva F, Freitas EB, Carvalho G, Reis MAM. Sludge retention time impacts on polyhydroxyalkanoate productivity in uncoupled storage/growth processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149363. [PMID: 34371408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The process involving mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) and waste-based substrates emerged as an alternative solution to reduce the market price of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The selection of an efficient MMC that displays a significant PHA accumulation potential and a high growth rate is considered a key factor for the MMC PHA production feasibility. This study used a pilot plant to investigate the dynamics of growth vs storage in a mixed culture fed with fermented fruit waste under uncoupled carbon and nitrogen feeding. Varying sludge retention times (SRTs) (2 and 4 d) and organic loading rates (OLRs) (from 2.6 to 14.5 gCOD.L-1.d-1) were imposed for this purpose. Results showed that, regardless of the OLR imposed, cultures selected at lower SRT grew faster and more efficiently using stored PHA. However, they had inferior specific storage rates and accumulation capacity, resulting in lower PHA productivity. Additionally, the polymer storage yield was independent of the SRT, and was directly linked with the abundance of putative PHA-storers in the MMC. The high PHA productivity (4.6 ± 0.3 g.L-1.d-1) obtained for the culture selected at 4 d of SRT was 80% above that obtained for the lower SRT tested, underlining the importance of achieving a good balance between culture growth and accumulation capacity to increase the viability of the PHA-producing process from wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Matos
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rafaela A P Cruz
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fernando Silva
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Elisabete B Freitas
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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20
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Esmail A, Pereira JR, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Menda UD, Fortunato E, Oliva A, Freitas F. Preparation and Characterization of Porous Scaffolds Based on Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate). Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090935. [PMID: 34575084 PMCID: PMC8466055 DOI: 10.3390/life11090935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) with different material properties, namely, the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), and the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, P(3HB-co-3HV), with a 3HV of 25 wt.%, were used for the preparation of porous biopolymeric scaffolds. Solvent casting with particulate leaching (SCPL) and emulsion templating were evaluated to process these biopolymers in porous scaffolds. SCPL scaffolds were highly hydrophilic (>170% swelling in water) but fragile, probably due to the increase of the polymer’s polydispersity index and its high porosity (>50%). In contrast, the emulsion templating technique resulted in scaffolds with a good compromise between porosity (27–49% porosity) and hydrophilicity (>30% water swelling) and without impairing their mechanical properties (3.18–3.35 MPa tensile strength and 0.07–0.11 MPa Young’s Modulus). These specifications are in the same range compared to other polymer-based scaffolds developed for tissue engineering. P(3HB-co-3HV) displayed the best overall properties, namely, lower crystallinity (11.3%) and higher flexibility (14.8% elongation at break. Our findings highlight the potency of our natural biopolyesters for the future development of novel porous scaffolds in tissue engineering, thanks also to their safety and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyah Esmail
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- ITQB NOVA—Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João R. Pereira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Chantal Sevrin
- CEIB—Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Christian Grandfils
- CEIB—Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Ugur Deneb Menda
- CENIMAT/i3N, Department of Materials Science, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, Nova University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT/i3N, Department of Materials Science, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, Nova University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Abel Oliva
- ITQB NOVA—Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-21-294-8300
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21
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Solís AC, Bento D, Nunes S, Valente A, Pais A, Vitorino C. Rethinking transdermal drug delivery using PVA-NLC based films. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Supercritical CO 2 Assisted Impregnation of Ibuprofen on Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164772. [PMID: 34443357 PMCID: PMC8400196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we propose the utilization of scCO2 to impregnate ibuprofen into the mcl-PHA matrix produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subs. aurantiaca (DSM 19603). The biopolymer has adhesive properties, is biocompatible and has a melting temperature of 45 °C. Several conditions, namely, pressure (15 and 20 MPa) and impregnation time (30 min, 1 h and 3 h) were tested. The highest ibuprofen content (90.8 ± 6.5 mg of ibuprofen/gPHA) was obtained at 20 MPa and 40 °C, for 1 h, with an impregnation rate of 89 mg/(g·h). The processed mcl-PHA samples suffered a plasticization, as shown by the decrease of 6.5 °C in the Tg, at 20 MPa. The polymer’s crystallinity was also affected concomitantly with the matrices’ ibuprofen content. For all the impregnation conditions tested the release of ibuprofen from the biopolymer followed a type II release profile. This study has demonstrated that the mcl-PHA produced by P. chlororaphis has a great potential for the development of novel topical drug delivery systems.
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23
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Muthuraj R, Valerio O, Mekonnen TH. Recent developments in short- and medium-chain- length Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Production, properties, and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:422-440. [PMID: 34324901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing renewable resource-based plastics with complete biodegradability and a minimal carbon footprint can open new opportunities to effectively manage the end-of-life plastics waste and achieve a low carbon society. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biobased and biodegradable thermoplastic polyesters that accumulate in microorganisms (e.g., bacterial, microalgal, and fungal species) as insoluble and inert intracellular inclusion. The PHAs recovery from microorganisms, which typically involves cell lysis, extraction, and purification, provides high molecular weight and purified polyesters that can be compounded and processed using conventional plastics converting equipment. The physio-chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the PHAs are comparable to traditional synthetic polymers such as polypropylene and polyethylene. As a result, it has attracted substantial applications interest in packaging, personal care, coatings, agricultural and biomedical uses. However, PHAs have certain performance limitations (e.g. slow crystallization), and substantially more expensive than many other polymers. As such, more research and development is required to enable them for extensive use. This review provides a critical review of the recent progress achieved in PHAs production using different microorganisms, downstream processing, material properties, processing avenues, recycling, aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Muthuraj
- Worn Again Technologies Ltd, Bio City, Pennyfoot St, NG1 1GF Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar Valerio
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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24
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Melendez-Rodriguez B, Reis MAM, Carvalheira M, Sammon C, Cabedo L, Torres-Giner S, Lagaron JM. Development and Characterization of Electrospun Biopapers of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Derived from Cheese Whey with Varying 3-Hydroxyvalerate Contents. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2935-2953. [PMID: 34133120 PMCID: PMC8382252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, three different newly developed copolymers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with 20, 40, and 60 mol % contents in 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) were produced by the biotechnological process of mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) using cheese whey (CW), a by-product from the dairy industry, as feedstock. The CW-derived PHBV copolyesters were first purified and then processed by solution electrospinning, yielding fibers of approximately 2 μm in cross-section in all cases. The resultant electrospun PHBV mats were, thereafter, post-processed by annealing at different temperatures, below their maximum of melting, selected according to their 3HV content in order to obtain continuous films based on coalesced fibers, so-called biopapers. The resultant PHBV films were characterized in terms of their morphology, crystallinity, and mechanical and barrier properties to assess their potential application in food packaging. The CW-derived PHBV biopapers showed high contact transparency but a slightly yellow color. The fibers of the 20 mol % 3HV copolymer were seen to contain mostly poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) crystals, the fibers of the 40 mol % 3HV copolymer a mixture of PHB and poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHV) crystals and lowest crystallinity, and the fibers of the 60 mol % 3HV sample were mostly made of PHV crystals. To understand the interfiber coalesce process undergone by the materials during annealing, the crystalline morphology was also assessed by variable-temperature both combined small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering synchrotron and Fourier transform infrared experiments. From these experiments and, different from previously reported biopapers with lower 3HV contents, all samples were inferred to have a surface energy reduction mechanism for interfiber coalescence during annealing, which is thought to be activated by a temperature-induced decrease in molecular order. Due to their reduced crystallinity and molecular order, the CW-derived PHBV biopapers, especially the 40 mol % 3HV sample, were found to be more ductile and tougher. In terms of barrier properties, the three copolymers performed similarly to water and limonene, but to oxygen, the 40 mol % sample showed the highest relative permeability. Overall, the materials developed, which are compatible with the Circular Bioeconomy organic recycling strategy, can have an excellent potential as barrier interlayers or coatings of application interest in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez
- Novel
Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and
Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council
for Scientific Research (CSIC), Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Maria A. M. Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Monica Carvalheira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE,
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Chris Sammon
- Materials
and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield
Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Cabedo
- Polymers
and Advanced Materials Group (PIMA), Universitat
Jaume I (UJI), Castellón 12071, Spain
| | - Sergio Torres-Giner
- Novel
Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and
Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council
for Scientific Research (CSIC), Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Lagaron
- Novel
Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and
Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council
for Scientific Research (CSIC), Paterna 46980, Spain
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25
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Li D, Ma X, Yin F, Qiu Y, Yan X. Creating biotransformation of volatile fatty acids and octanoate as co-substrate to high yield medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125031. [PMID: 33798859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using mixed microbial consortium (MMC) to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is an effective strategy to solve high production cost and reduce the amount of excess sludge. In this study, a process for the production of short-chain-length and medium-chain-length PHA using volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from pretreated wood hydrolysate synergistic with octanoate as co-substrate was proposed. The effects of co-substrate ratios on PHA accumulation ability and physical properties were investigated. The incorporation of co-substrate accelerated the time of PHA and 3-hydroxyoctanoate reaching the maximum production (1834 and 280 mg COD/L). The highest PHA content was 53.0% (w/w), which was equivalent to that reported previously. The biopolymer films possessed high tensile strength, Young's modulus, and could be used in the field of water vapor barrier requirements. The accumulation strategy applied for converting fermentation products VFAs and octanoate co-substrate into high value and yield PHA could potentially demonstrate the valuable for low-cost large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongna Li
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China.
| | - Fen Yin
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China
| | - Yujuan Qiu
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China
| | - Xu Yan
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China
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What Is New in the Field of Industrial Wastes Conversion into Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Bacteria? Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111731. [PMID: 34073198 PMCID: PMC8199472 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising global consumption and industrialization has resulted in increased food processing demand. Food industry generates a tremendous amount of waste which causes serious environmental issues. These problems have forced us to create strategies that will help to reduce the volume of waste and the contamination to the environment. Waste from food industries has great potential as substrates for value-added bioproducts. Among them, polyhydroxyalkanaotes (PHAs) have received considerable attention in recent years due to their comparable characteristics to common plastics. These biodegradable polyesters are produced by microorganisms during fermentation processes utilizing various carbon sources. Scale-up of PHA production is limited due to the cost of the carbon source metabolized by the microorganisms. Therefore, there is a growing need for the development of novel microbial processes using inexpensive carbon sources. Such substrates could be waste generated by the food industry and food service. The use of industrial waste streams for PHAs biosynthesis could transform PHA production into cheaper and more environmentally friendly bioprocess. This review collates in detail recent developments in the biosynthesis of various types of PHAs produced using waste derived from agrofood industries. Challenges associated with this production bioprocess were described, and new ways to overcome them were proposed.
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Kalia VC, Singh Patel SK, Shanmugam R, Lee JK. Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Trends and advances toward biotechnological applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124737. [PMID: 33515915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are an integral part of most of the daily requirements. Indiscriminate usage and disposal have led to the accumulation of massive quantities of waste. Their non-biodegradable nature makes it increasingly difficult to manage and dispose them. To counter this impending disaster, biodegradable polymers, especially polyhydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs), have been envisaged as potential alternatives. Owing to their unique physicochemical characteristics, PHAs are gaining importance for versatile applications in the agricultural and medical sectors. Applications in the medical sector are more promising because of their commercial viability and sustainability. Despite such potential, their production and commercialization are significant challenges. The major limitations are their poor mechanical strength, production in small quantities, costly feed, and lack of facilities for industrial production. This article provides an overview of the contemporary progress in the field, to attract researchers and stakeholders to further exploit these renewable resources to produce biodegradable plastics on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ramasamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Esmail A, Pereira JR, Zoio P, Silvestre S, Menda UD, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Fortunato E, Reis MAM, Henriques C, Oliva A, Freitas F. Oxygen Plasma Treated-Electrospun Polyhydroxyalkanoate Scaffolds for Hydrophilicity Improvement and Cell Adhesion. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071056. [PMID: 33801747 PMCID: PMC8036702 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) with differing material properties, namely, the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), P(3HB-co-3HV), with a 3HV content of 25 wt.% and a medium chain length PHA, and mcl-PHA, mainly composed of 3-hydroxydecanoate, were studied as scaffolding material for cell culture. P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HV) were individually spun into fibers, as well as blends of the mcl-PHA with each of the scl-PHAs. An overall biopolymer concentration of 4 wt.% was used to prepare the electrospinning solutions, using chloroform as the solvent. A stable electrospinning process and good quality fibers were obtained for a solution flow rate of 0.5 mL h−1, a needle tip collector distance of 20 cm and a voltage of 12 kV for P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HV) solutions, while for the mcl-PHA the distance was increased to 25 cm and the voltage to 15 kV. The scaffolds’ hydrophilicity was significantly increased under exposure to oxygen plasma as a surface treatment. Complete wetting was obtained for the oxygen plasma treated scaffolds and the water uptake degree increased in all treated scaffolds. The biopolymers crystallinity was not affected by the electrospinning process, while their treatment with oxygen plasma decreased their crystalline fraction. Human dermal fibroblasts were able to adhere and proliferate within the electrospun PHA-based scaffolds. The P(3HB-co-3HV): mcl-PHA oxygen plasma treated scaffold highlighted the most promising results with a cell adhesion rate of 40 ± 8%, compared to 14 ± 4% for the commercial oxygen plasma treated polystyrene scaffold AlvetexTM. Scaffolds based on P(3HB-co-3HV): mcl-PHA blends produced by electrospinning and submitted to oxygen plasma exposure are therefore promising biomaterials for the development of scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyah Esmail
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Nova University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (P.Z.); (A.O.)
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João R. Pereira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
| | - Patrícia Zoio
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Nova University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (P.Z.); (A.O.)
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sara Silvestre
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, Nova School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (S.S.); (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Ugur Deneb Menda
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, Nova School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (S.S.); (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Chantal Sevrin
- CEIB-Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Christian Grandfils
- CEIB-Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, Nova School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (S.S.); (U.D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Maria A. M. Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
| | - Célia Henriques
- CENIMAT/i3N, Physics Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Abel Oliva
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Nova University Lisbon, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (P.Z.); (A.O.)
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.E.); (J.R.P.); (M.A.M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-12-1294-8300
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29
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Silva JB, Pereira JR, Marreiros BC, Reis MA, Freitas F. Microbial production of medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Turco R, Santagata G, Corrado I, Pezzella C, Di Serio M. In vivo and Post-synthesis Strategies to Enhance the Properties of PHB-Based Materials: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:619266. [PMID: 33585417 PMCID: PMC7874203 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.619266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition toward "green" alternatives to petroleum-based plastics is driven by the need for "drop-in" replacement materials able to combine characteristics of existing plastics with biodegradability and renewability features. Promising alternatives are the polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), microbial biodegradable polyesters produced by a wide range of microorganisms as carbon, energy, and redox storage material, displaying properties very close to fossil-fuel-derived polyolefins. Among PHAs, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is by far the most well-studied polymer. PHB is a thermoplastic polyester, with very narrow processability window, due to very low resistance to thermal degradation. Since the melting temperature of PHB is around 170-180°C, the processing temperature should be at least 180-190°C. The thermal degradation of PHB at these temperatures proceeds very quickly, causing a rapid decrease in its molecular weight. Moreover, due to its high crystallinity, PHB is stiff and brittle resulting in very poor mechanical properties with low extension at break, which limits its range of application. A further limit to the effective exploitation of these polymers is related to their production costs, which is mostly affected by the costs of the starting feedstocks. Since the first identification of PHB, researchers have faced these issues, and several strategies to improve the processability and reduce brittleness of this polymer have been developed. These approaches range from the in vivo synthesis of PHA copolymers, to the enhancement of post-synthesis PHB-based material performances, thus the addition of additives and plasticizers, acting on the crystallization process as well as on polymer glass transition temperature. In addition, reactive polymer blending with other bio-based polymers represents a versatile approach to modulate polymer properties while preserving its biodegradability. This review examines the state of the art of PHA processing, shedding light on the green and cost-effective tailored strategies aimed at modulating and optimizing polymer performances. Pioneering examples in this field will be examined, and prospects and challenges for their exploitation will be presented. Furthermore, since the establishment of a PHA-based industry passes through the designing of cost-competitive production processes, this review will inspect reported examples assessing this economic aspect, examining the most recent progresses toward process sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Turco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Santagata
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Council of Research, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Iolanda Corrado
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Pezzella
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Martino Di Serio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy
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31
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Pereira JR, Araújo D, Freitas P, Marques AC, Alves VD, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Fortunato E, Reis MAM, Freitas F. Production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca: Cultivation on fruit pulp waste and polymer characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:85-92. [PMID: 33249156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca DSM 19603 was cultivated on apple pulp, a glucose- and fructose-rich waste generated during juice production, to produce medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates. A cell dry mass of 8.74 ± 0.20 g/L, with a polymer content of 49.25 ± 4.08% were attained. The produced biopolymer was composed of 42.7 ± 0.1 mol% 3-hydroxydecanoate, 17.9 ± 1.0 mol% 3-hydroxyoctanoate, 14.5 ± 1.1 mol% 3-hydroxybutyrate, 11.1 ± 0.6 mol% 3-hydroxytetradecanoate, 10.1 ± 0.5 mol% 3-hydroxydodecanoate and 3.7 ± 0.2 mol% 3-hydroxyhexanoate. It presented low glass transition and melting temperatures (-40.9 ± 0.7 °C and 42.0 ± 0.1 °C, respectively), and a degradation temperature of 300.0 ± 0.1 °C, coupled to a low crystallinity index (12.7 ± 2.7%), a molecular weight (Mw) of 1.34 × 105 ± 0.18 × 105 Da and a polydispersity index of 2.70 ± 0.03. The biopolymer's films were dense and had a smooth surface, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy. They presented a tension at break of 5.21 ± 1.09 MPa, together with an elongation of 400.5 ± 55.8% and an associated Young modulus of 4.86 ± 1.49 MPa, under tensile tests. These attractive filming properties of this biopolymer could potentially be valorised in several areas such as the fine chemicals industry, biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, or food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R Pereira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Diana Araújo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana C Marques
- i3N
- CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Vítor D Alves
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia/Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Chantal Sevrin
- CEIB - Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christian Grandfils
- CEIB - Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- i3N
- CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
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Silvestre SL, Araújo D, Marques AC, Pires C, Matos M, Alves V, Martins R, Freitas F, Reis MAM, Fortunato E. Microneedle Arrays of Polyhydroxyalkanoate by Laser-Based Micromolding Technique. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:5856-5864. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara L. Silvestre
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, CENIMAT
- I3N and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Diana Araújo
- Departamento de Química, UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Marques
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, CENIMAT
- I3N and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carolina Pires
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, CENIMAT
- I3N and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mariana Matos
- Departamento de Química, UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Vítor Alves
- CEER—Biosystems Engineering, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, CENIMAT
- I3N and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- Departamento de Química, UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A. M. Reis
- Departamento de Química, UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, CENIMAT
- I3N and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia—Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Cerrone F, Pozner T, Siddiqui A, Ceppi P, Winner B, Rajendiran M, Babu R, Ibrahim HS, Rodriguez BJ, Winkler J, Murphy KJ, O'Connor KE. Polyhydroxyphenylvalerate/polycaprolactone nanofibers improve the life-span and mechanoresponse of human IPSC-derived cortical neuronal cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 111:110832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Choi SY, Chae TU, Shin J, Im JA, Lee SY. Biosynthesis and characterization of poly(d-lactate-co-glycolate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate). Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2187-2197. [PMID: 32281652 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Poly(d-lactate-co-glycolate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(d-LA-co-GA-co-4HB)] and poly(d-lactate-co-glycolate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate-co-d-2-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(d-LA-co-GA-co-4HB-co-d-2HB)] are of interest for their potential applications as new biomedical polymers. Here we report their enhanced production by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli. To examine the polymer properties, poly(d-LA-co-GA-co-4HB) polymers having various monomer compositions (3.4-41.0mol% of 4HB) were produced by culturing the engineered E. coli strain expressing xylBC from Caulobacter crescentus, evolved phaC1 from Pseudomonas sp. MBEL 6-19 (phaC1437), and evolved pct from Clostridium propionicum (pct540) in a medium supplemented with sodium 4HB at various concentrations. To produce these polymers without 4HB feeding, the 4HB biosynthetic pathway was additionally constructed by expressing Clostridium kluyveri sucD and 4hbD. The engineered E. coli expressing xylBC, phaC1437, pct540, sucD, and 4hbD successfully produced poly(d-LA-co-GA-co-4HB-co-d-2HB) and poly(d-LA-co-GA-co-4HB) from glucose and xylose. Through modulating the expression levels of the heterologous genes and performing fed-batch cultures, the polymer content and titer could be increased to 65.76wt% and 6.19g/L, respectively, while the monomer fractions in the polymers could be altered as desired. The polymers produced, in particular, the 4HB-rich polymers showed viscous and sticky properties suggesting that they might be used as medical adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Choi
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong Un Chae
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Applied Science Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Shin
- Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Green Chemistry and Engineering Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ae Im
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,BioProcess Engineering Research Center and Bioinformatics Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Applied Science Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,BioProcess Engineering Research Center and Bioinformatics Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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35
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Preparation and Characterization of Films Based on a Natural P(3HB)/mcl-PHA Blend Obtained through the Co-culture of Cupriavidus Necator and Pseudomonas Citronellolis in Apple Pulp Waste. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7020034. [PMID: 32260526 PMCID: PMC7356164 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-culture of Cupriavidus necator DSM 428 and Pseudomonas citronellolis NRRL B-2504 was performed using apple pulp waste from the fruit processing industry as the sole carbon source to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB) and medium-chain length PHA, mcl-PHA, respectively. The polymers accumulated by both strains were extracted from the co-culture's biomass, resulting in a natural blend that was composed of around 48 wt% P(3HB) and 52 wt% mcl-PHA, with an average molecular weight of 4.3 × 105 Da and a polydispersity index of 2.2. Two melting temperatures (Tm) were observed for the blend, 52 and 174 °C, which correspond to the Tm of the mcl-PHA and P(3HB), respectively. P(3HB)/mcl-PHA blend films prepared by the solvent evaporation method had permeabilities to oxygen and carbon dioxide of 2.6 and 32 Barrer, respectively. The films were flexible and easily deformed, as demonstrated by their tensile strength at break of 1.47 ± 0.07 MPa, with a deformation of 338 ± 19% until breaking, associated with a Young modulus of 5.42 ± 1.02 MPa. This study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of using the co-culture of C. necator and P. citronellolis strains to obtain a natural blend of P(3HB)/mcl-PHA that can be processed into films suitable for applications ranging from commodity packaging products to high-value biomaterials.
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de Meneses L, Pereira JR, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Paiva A, Reis MA, Freitas F. Pseudomonas chlororaphis as a multiproduct platform: Conversion of glycerol into high-value biopolymers and phenazines. N Biotechnol 2020; 55:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis from directly valorized ragi husk and sesame oil cake by Bacillus megaterium strain Ti3: Statistical optimization and characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:20-30. [PMID: 31926923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) signify the most promising biological substitute to petrochemical plastics. Renewable and inexpensive agro-industrial by-products can be used as potent fermentation feedstocks for sustainable PHA biosynthesis. This study aimed at using a wild type B. megaterium strain Ti3 innate hydrolytic enzyme/s for eco-friendly valorization of 16 lignocellulosic agrowastes to PHA without pretreatments. Initial hydrolytic screening PHA concentration of (0.04-0.17 g/L), highlighted the strain's metabolic versatility. Pareto ranking of Taguchi orthogonal array (TOA) established ragi husk (RH), sesame oil cake (SOC) and KH2PO4 as the most influential factors (p < 0.05). The optimized and validated Response surface methodology (RSM) model (R2, 0.979; desirability, 1) resulted in 3.8 and 3.6 fold increased PHA production, 4.3 and 3.25 fold increased PHA productivity. A positive correlation (r2, 0.5-0.97) was observed amid the producer innate hydrolytic enzymes (lipase, amylase and cellulase) and PHA production. The PHA was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, GPC, TGA. The polymer was identified as a scl-mcl copolyester with 92% 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate) and 8% 3HHp (3-hydroxyheptanoate) monomers by NMR. This the first report on B. megaterium self-enzyme reliant non-food agrowastes bioconversion to PHA with 3HHp (3-hydroxyheptanoate) monomers excluding precursor addition, commercial enzymes, pure carbon and nitrogen sources.
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Zhao L, Cheng Y, Yin Z, Chen D, Bao M, Lu J. Insights into the effect of different levels of crude oil on hydrolyzed polyacrylamide biotransformation in aerobic and anoxic biosystems: Bioresource production, enzymatic activity, and microbial function. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122023. [PMID: 31472407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The differences of crude oil recovery ratio resulted in different levels of crude oil in actual hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)-containing wastewater. The effect of crude oil on HPAM biotransformation was explored from bioresource production, enzymatic activity and microbial function. In aerobic biosystems, the highest polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) yield (19.6%-40.2%) and dehydrogenase (DH) activity (4.06-8.32 mg·g-1 VSS) occurred in the 48th hour, and increased with crude oil concentration (0-400 mg·L-1). In anoxic biosystems, the highest PHA yield (24.5%-50.5%) and DH activity (3.24-6.69 mg·g-1 VSS) occurred in the 72nd hour, and increased with crude oil concentration. The higher substrate removal (38.5%-65.7%) occurred in aerobic biosystems, while the higher PHA accumulation occurred in anoxic biosystems. PHA yield, DH activity and HPAM removal were related. Microbial function related to HPAM biodegradation and PHA synthesis was discussed. The main function of Pseudomonas and Bacillus in aerobic biosystems was to degrade HPAM, and in anoxic biosystems was to synthesize PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zichao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Dafan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mutai Bao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Jinren Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Zheng Y, Chen JC, Ma YM, Chen GQ. Engineering biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) for diversity and cost reduction. Metab Eng 2019; 58:82-93. [PMID: 31302223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PHA, a family of natural biopolymers aiming to replace non-degradable plastics for short-term usages, has been developed to include various structures such as short-chain-length (scl) and medium-chain-length (mcl) monomers as well as their copolymers. However, PHA market has been grown slowly since 1980s due to limited variety with good mechanical properties and the high production cost. Here, we review most updated strategies or approaches including metabolic engineering, synthetic biology and morphology engineering on expanding PHA diversity, reducing production cost and enhancing PHA production. The extremophilic Halomonas spp. are taken as examples to show the feasibility and challenges to develop next generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) for producing PHA more competitively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Chun Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yi-Ming Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Center for Nano- and Micro-Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Dept of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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