1
|
Shi L, He Q, Li J, Liu Y, Cao Y, Liu Y, Sun C, Pan Y, Li X, Zhao X. Polysaccharides in fruits: Biological activities, structures, and structure-activity relationships and influencing factors-A review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139408. [PMID: 38735097 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fruits are a rich source of polysaccharides, and an increasing number of studies have shown that polysaccharides from fruits have a wide range of biological functions. Here, we thoroughly review recent advances in the study of the bioactivities, structures, and structure-activity relationships of fruit polysaccharides, especially highlighting the structure-activity influencing factors such as extraction methods and chemical modifications. Different extraction methods cause differences in the primary structures of polysaccharides, which in turn lead to different polysaccharide biological activities. Differences in the degree of modification, molecular weight, substitution position, and chain conformation caused by chemical modification can all affect the biological activities of fruit polysaccharides. Furthermore, we summarize the applications of fruit polysaccharides in the fields of pharmacy and medicine, foods, cosmetics, and materials. The challenges and perspectives for fruit polysaccharide research are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Shi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
| | - Yilong Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yunlin Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chongde Sun
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li L, Xie J, Zhang Z, Xia B, Li Y, Lin Y, Li M, Wu P, Lin L. Recent advances in medicinal and edible homologous plant polysaccharides: Preparation, structure and prevention and treatment of diabetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128873. [PMID: 38141704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal and edible homologs (MEHs) can be used in medicine and food. The National Health Commission announced that a total of 103 kinds of medicinal and edible homologous plants (MEHPs) would be available by were available in 2023. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become the third most common chronic metabolic disease that seriously threatens human health worldwide. Polysaccharides, the main component isolated from MEHPs, have significant antidiabetic effects with few side effects. Based on a literature search, this paper summarizes the preparation methods, structural characterization, and antidiabetic functions and mechanisms of MEHPs polysaccharides (MEHPPs). Specifically, MEHPPs mainly regulate PI3K/Akt, AMPK, cAMP/PKA, Nrf2/Keap1, NF-κB, MAPK and other signaling pathways to promote insulin secretion and release, improve glycolipid metabolism, inhibit the inflammatory response, decrease oxidative stress and regulate intestinal flora. Among them, 16 kinds of MEHPPs were found to have obvious anti-diabetic effects. This article reviews the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications by MEHPPs and provides a basis for the development of safe and effective MEHPP-derived health products and new drugs to prevent and treat diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jingchen Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Bohou Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yamei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Ping Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China.
| | - Limei Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 300 Xueshi Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410208, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li HF, Pan ZC, Chen JM, Zeng LX, Xie HJ, Liang ZQ, Wang Y, Zeng NK. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Phlebopus portentosus polysaccharide and their antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127579. [PMID: 37918606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green synthesis from fungi polysaccharides are attracting increasing attention owing to their distinctive features and special applications in numerous fields. In this study, a cost-effective and environmentally friendly biosynthesizing AgNPs method with no toxic chemicals involved from the fruiting body polysaccharide of Phlebopus portentosus (PPP) was established and optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The optimum synthesis conditions of polysaccharide-AgNPs (PPP-AgNPs) were identified to be the reaction time of 140 min, reaction temperature of 94 °C, and the PPP: AgNO3 ratio of 1:11.5. Formation of PPP-AgNPs was indicated by visual detection of colour change from yellowish to yellowish brown. PPP-AgNPs were characterized by different methods and further evaluated for biological activities. That the Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis.) spectroscopy displayed a sharp absorption peak at 420 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis detected the presence of various functional groups. The lattice indices of (111), (200), (220), and (331), which indicated a faced-centered-cubic of the Ag crystal structure of PPP-AgNPs, was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the particles were found to be spherical through high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) determined the presence of silver in PPP-AgNPs. The percentage relative composition of elements was determined as silver (Ag) 82.5 % and oxygen (O) 17.5 % for PPP-AgNPs, and did not exhibit any nitrogen peaks. The specific surface area of PPP-AgNPs was calculated to be 0.5750 m2/g with an average pore size of 24.33 nm by BET analysis. The zeta potential was -4.32 mV, which confirmed the stability and an average particle size of 64.5 nm was calculated through dynamic light scattering (DLS). PPP-AgNPs exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity against DPPH with an IC50 value of 0.1082 mg/mL. The MIC values of PPP-AgNPs for E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis are 0.05 mg/mL. The IC50 value of the inhibition of PPP-AgNPs against α-glucosidase was 11.1 μg/mL, while the IC50 values of PPP-AgNPs against HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were calculated to be 14.36 ± 0.43 μg/mL and 40.05 ± 2.71 μg/mL, respectively. According to the evaluation, it can be concluded that these green-synthesized and eco-friendly PPP-AgNPs are helpful to improve therapeutics because of significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties to provide new possibilities for clinic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fu Li
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Zhang-Chao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Jiao-Man Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Lei-Xia Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Hui-Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Zhi-Qun Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; College of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Nian-Kai Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development on Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adorisio S, Muscari I, Fierabracci A, Thi Thuy T, Marchetti MC, Ayroldi E, Delfino DV. Biological effects of bergamot and its potential therapeutic use as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer agent. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:639-646. [PMID: 37067190 PMCID: PMC10114982 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2197010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Context: Bergamot, mainly produced in the Ionian coastal areas of Southern Italy (Calabria), has been used since 1700 for its balsamic and medicinal properties. Phytochemical profiling has confirmed that bergamot juices are rich in flavonoids, including flavone and flavanone glycosides which are responsible for its beneficial effects.Objective: Recently, it was shown that the combination of natural compounds with conventional treatments improves the efficacy of anticancer therapies. Natural compounds with anticancer properties attack cancerous cells without being toxic to healthy cells. Bergamot can induce cytotoxic and apoptotic effects and prevent cell proliferation in various cancer cells.Methods: In this review, the antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of bergamot are described. Information was compiled from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the key words 'bergamot' accompanied by 'inflammation' and, 'cancer' for data published from 2015-2021.Results: In vitro and in vivo studies provided evidence that different forms of bergamot (extract, juice, essential oil, and polyphenolic fraction) can affect several mechanisms that lead to anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects that decrease cell growth, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.Conclusions: Considering the effects of bergamot and its new formulations, we affirm the importance of its rational use in humans and illustrate how bergamot can be utilized in clinical applications. Numerous studies evaluated the effect of new bergamot formulations that can affect the absorption and, therefore, the final effects by altering the therapeutic profile of bergamot and enhancing the scientific knowledge of bergamot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Muscari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Trinh Thi Thuy
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Cau Giay, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Maria Cristina Marchetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Emira Ayroldi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xia C, Deng J, Tong W, Chen J, Xiang Z, Yang X, Zhu B, Sun P, Li J, Pan Y, Zhu Y. Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Citrus medica from Different Geographical Regions and Characterization of Phenolic Constituents by LC-MS. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32526-32535. [PMID: 37720798 PMCID: PMC10500571 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The varying antioxidant potential of Citrus medica associated with different geographical regions makes the evaluation of C. medica for natural antioxidants essential. This work aimed to compare the antioxidant potential of the phenolic constituents from different geographical regions. The chemical compositions were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 67 compounds including 29 coumarin derivatives and 38 flavonoids were tentatively identified by UPLC-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). To evaluate the quality of C. medica from seven different geographical regions, water and 80% methanol fractions were subjected to quantitative analysis. Antioxidant potentials were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), iron chelation, and reduction methods. The samples collected from Sichuan province showed the highest content of total phenolic compounds. Combined with antioxidant results, the sample from Sichuan province presented good antioxidant activity. This study also showed that total phenolic compounds significantly contributed to the antioxidant activities (2,2-azinobis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and radical scavenging activity) of C. medica samples (p < 0.01). These results provided chemical information and potential antioxidant value for further research, providing ideal evidence for the quality evaluation and exploitation of the source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xia
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Junlin Deng
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Wen Tong
- Industrial
Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy
of Agriculture Sciences, Chengdu 610300, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Zhuoya Xiang
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Boyu Zhu
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Pei Sun
- Industrial
Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy
of Agriculture Sciences, Chengdu 610300, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Yu Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau
University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yongqing Zhu
- Institute
of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 60 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xie L, Chen T, Qi X, Li H, Xie J, Wang L, Xie J, Huang Z. Exopolysaccharides from Genistein-Stimulated Monascus purpureus Ameliorate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Intestinal Injury via PI3K/AKT-MAPKs/NF-κB Pathways and Regulation of Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12986-13002. [PMID: 37611142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides from genistein-stimulated Monascus purpureus (G-EMP) exhibited immunomodulatory potential in vitro, but whether it had immune-enhancing effects in vivo and its potential mechanism are not yet known. Here, the immunomodulatory effects of G-EMP were investigated by establishing an immunosuppressed mouse model treated with cyclophosphamide (Cy). The results suggested that G-EMP effectively alleviated the signs of weight reduction and diet reduction caused by Cy, increased fecal water content and splenic index, and decreased the oxidative stress of the liver. Simultaneously, G-EMP improved Cy-induced intestinal injury by restoring villus length, increasing the number of cupped cells, upregulating the expression of mucin and tight junction proteins, and downregulating the ratio of apoptotic proteins (Bax/Bcl-2). It also boosted the levels of mouse colonic cytokines, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, G-EMP markedly enhanced immunomodulation via the activation of PI3K/AKT-MAPKs/NF-κB signal pathways. Furthermore, G-EMP intervention displayed a positive association with most immunological indexes by elevating the levels of short-chain fatty acids, varying gut microbiota composition, and enhancing beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Prevotellaceae, and S24-7). These findings demonstrated that G-EMP can strengthen immunity, repair intestinal mucosal damage, regulate gut microbiota, and be a potential source of prebiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiayan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Linchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhibing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng Y, Yan J, Cao C, Liu Y, Yu D, Liang X. Application of chromatography in purification and structural analysis of natural polysaccharides: A review. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300368. [PMID: 37480171 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are widely distributed in natural sources from monocytic microorganisms to higher animals, and are found in a variety of biological activities in recent decades. Natural polysaccharides have the characteristics of large molecular weight, diverse composition, and complex structure, so their purification and structural analysis are difficult issues in research. Chromatography as a powerful separation technique, plays an irreplaceable role in the separation and structural analysis of natural polysaccharides, especially in the purification of polysaccharides, the separation of hydrolysates, and the analysis of monosaccharide composition. The separation mechanisms and application of different chromatographic methods in the studies of polysaccharides were summarized in this review. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of various chromatography methods were discussed as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Cuiyan Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongping Yu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Benedetto N, Carlucci V, Faraone I, Lela L, Ponticelli M, Russo D, Mangieri C, Tzvetkov NT, Milella L. An Insight into Citrus medica Linn.: A Systematic Review on Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2267. [PMID: 37375892 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant species are a reservoir of natural compounds that can potentially be used to treat different diseases. Citrus medica Linn. belonging to the Rutaceae family, has been used for centuries in medicine for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antihyperglycemic properties. These activities are ascribable not only to the presence of health-promoting macronutrients and micronutrients, such as carbohydrates, minerals, amino acids, and vitamins, but also to specialized metabolites, such as flavonoids (apigenin, hesperetin, hesperidin, naringin, naringenin, rutin, quercetin, and diosmin), coumarins (citropten, scoparone, and bergapten), terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, limonin, and nomilin), and phenolic acids (p-coumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid, and chlorogenic acid). In recent years, particular attention has been focused on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activity, antidiabetic, anticancer, and neuroprotective activity of C. medica. However, although many studies have reported this species' chemical and biological properties, the literature has never been analyzed via a systematic approach. For this reason, using PubMed and Scopus as databases, we performed a systematic review of C. medica's chemical composition and biological properties to inspire new research approaches and increase its curative application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Benedetto
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Vittorio Carlucci
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Innovative Startup Farmis s.r.l., Via Nicola Vaccaro 40, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Ludovica Lela
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff Bioactiplant, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Claudia Mangieri
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Department of Biochemical Pharmacology & Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, V.le Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maiuolo J, Bosco F, Guarnieri L, Nucera S, Ruga S, Oppedisano F, Tucci L, Muscoli C, Palma E, Giuffrè AM, Mollace V. Protective Role of an Extract Waste Product from Citrus bergamia in an In Vitro Model of Neurodegeneration. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112126. [PMID: 37299105 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A balanced diet, rich in fruits and vegetables and ensuring the intake of natural products, has been shown to reduce or prevent the occurrence of many chronic diseases. However, the choice to consume large quantities of fruits and vegetables leads to an increase in the amount of waste, which can cause an alteration in environmental sustainability. To date, the concept of a "byproduct" has evolved, now being understood as a waste product from which it is still possible obtain useful compounds. Byproducts in the agricultural sector are a rich source of bioactive compounds, capable of possessing a second life, decreasing the amount of waste products, the disposal costs, and environmental pollution. A promising and well-known citrus of the Mediterranean diet is the bergamot (Citrus bergamia, Risso et Poiteau). The composition of bergamot is known, and the rich presence of phenolic compounds and essential oils has justified the countless beneficial properties found, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cholesterolemic, and protective activity for the immune system, heart failure, and coronary heart diseases. The industrial processing of bergamot fruits leads to the formation of bergamot juice and bergamot oil. The solid residues, referred to as "pastazzo", are normally used as feed for livestock or pectin production. The fiber of bergamot (BF) can be obtained from pastazzo and could exert an interesting effect thanks to its content of polyphenols. The aims of this work were twofold: (a) to have more information (composition, polyphenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, etc.) on BF powder and (b) to verify the effects of BF on an in vitro model of neurotoxicity induced by treatment with amyloid beta protein (Aβ). In particular, a study of cell lines was carried out on both neurons and oligodendrocytes, to measure the involvement of the glia and compare it with that of the neurons. The results obtained showed that BF powder contains polyphenols and flavonoids and that it is able to exercise an antioxidant property. Moreover, BF exerts a protective action on the damage induced by treatment with Aβ, and this defense is found in experiments on the cell viability, on the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, on the involvement of the expression of caspase-3, and on necrotic or apoptotic death. In all these results, oligodendrocytes were always more sensitive and fragile than neurons. Further experiments are needed, and if this trend is confirmed, BF could be used in AD; at the same time, it could help to avoid the accumulation of waste products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutraceutical, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luigi Tucci
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angelo Maria Giuffrè
- Department of Agraria, University of Studies "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, San Raffaele University, 00042, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang S, Yang Y, Wang Q, Wu Z, Liu X, Chen S, Zhou A. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from finger citron extracted by continuous phase-transition extraction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124491. [PMID: 37076066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
FCP-2-1, a water-soluble polysaccharide rich in galacturonic acid was isolated by continuous phase-transition extraction and purified with DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography from finger citron with essential oil and flavonoids removed. The structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of FCP-2-1 were further investigated in this work. FCP-2-1 with a Mw and Mn of 1.503 × 104 g/mol and 1.125 × 104 g/mol, respectively, was predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose in a molar ratio of 0.685: 0.032: 0.283. The main linkage types of FCP-2-1 were proved to be →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ and →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→ based on methylation and NMR analysis. Moreover, FCP-2-1 was demonstrated to have significant immunomodulatory effects on macrophages in vitro by improving the cell viability, and enhancing phagocytic activity and secretion of NO and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α), indicating that FCP-2-1 could be used as a natural agent in immunoregulation functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiqin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuxi Chen
- Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd., Chaozhou 515634, China
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Structure elucidation and in vitro rat intestinal fermentation properties of a novel sulfated glucogalactan from Porphyra haitanensis. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
12
|
Maiuolo J, Oppedisano F, Carresi C, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Macrì R, Scarano F, Coppoletta A, Cardamone A, Bosco F, Mollace R, Muscoli C, Palma E, Mollace V. The Generation of Nitric Oxide from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2: The Role of Dietary Nitrates and Their Implication in Cardiovascular Disease Management. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415454. [PMID: 36555095 PMCID: PMC9779284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced bioavailability of the nitric oxide (NO) signaling molecule has been associated with the onset of cardiovascular disease. One of the better-known and effective therapies for cardiovascular disorders is the use of organic nitrates, such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), which increases the concentration of NO. Unfortunately, chronic use of this therapy can induce a phenomenon known as "nitrate tolerance", which is defined as the loss of hemodynamic effects and a reduction in therapeutic effects. As such, a higher dosage of GTN is required in order to achieve the same vasodilatory and antiplatelet effects. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a cardioprotective enzyme that catalyzes the bio-activation of GTN to NO. Nitrate tolerance is accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and sympathetic activation, as well as a loss of the catalytic activity of ALDH2 itself. On the basis of current knowledge, nitrate intake in the diet would guarantee a concentration of NO such as to avoid (or at least reduce) treatment with GTN and the consequent onset of nitrate tolerance in the course of cardiovascular diseases, so as not to make necessary the increase in GTN concentrations and the possible inhibition/alteration of ALDH2, which aggravates the problem of a positive feedback mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize data relating to the introduction into the diet of some natural products that could assist pharmacological therapy in order to provide the NO necessary to reduce the intake of GTN and the phenomenon of nitrate tolerance and to ensure the correct catalytic activity of ALDH2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, in Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (F.O.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (F.O.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, in Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annarita Coppoletta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Renato Dulbecco Institute, Lamezia Terme, 88046 Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Peng X, Hu X, Zhang Y, Xu H, Tang J, Zhang G, Deng J, Kan H, Zhao P, Liu Y. Extraction, characterization, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities of polysaccharides from Camellia fascicularis leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:373-384. [PMID: 36152704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Camellia fascicularis (PCF) was optimized using response surface methodology. After separation and purification with DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-200 glucan gel columns, the purified polysaccharide components of PCFa-1 and PCFc-1 were analyzed for their structural characterization, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities in vitro. The results indicated that liquid to material ratio of 42 mL/g, ultrasonic time of 53 min, ultrasonic temperature of 73 °C, and ultrasonic power of 215 W were the optimum extraction conditions for PCF with maximum yields (4.05 %). PCFa-1 and PCFc-1 contained 5.88 % and 9.58 % uronic acid content, with 7.53 and 108.91 kDa of average molecular weights, respectively. The PCFa-1 was mainly constituted of galactose, arabinose, and glucose, while PCFc-1 was primarily composed of arabinose, glucose, galacturonic acid, and rhamnose. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed that PCFa-1 and PCFc-1 contained typical polysaccharide bands. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of PCFa-1 and PCFc-1 were irregular and clumpy structures. Nuclear magnetic resonance showed that PCFa-1 and PCFc-1 were mainly α-glycosidic bond conformation. Furthermore, the PCFc-1 showed better antioxidant capacities than PCFa-1 against hydroxyl, DPPH, and ABTS radicals and exhibited more potent toxicity on A549 and HepG2 cells. These research results suggested that PCF, especially PCFc-1, possesses great potential as natural antioxidants and anti-tumor drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; Institute of Tropical Eco-agriculture, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou 651300, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Han Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Junrong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Guiliang Zhang
- Hekou Management Sub-bureau of Yunnan Daweishan National Nature Reserve Management Bureau, Hekou 661399, China
| | - Jia Deng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Huan Kan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang P, Tan J, Wang W, Zhang J, Gong H, Xue H. Extraction, separation, purification, chemical characterizations, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Chinese herbal medicine: A review. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202200114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengqi Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Hansheng Gong
- School of Food Engineering Ludong University No. 186 Hongqi Middle Road, Zhifu District Yantai 264025 P. R. China
| | - Hongkun Xue
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Luo B, Lv J, Li K, Liao P, Chen P. Structural Characterization and Anti-inflammatory Activity of a Galactorhamnan Polysaccharide From Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:916976. [PMID: 35757248 PMCID: PMC9225144 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.916976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to extract polysaccharides from Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (finger citron fruits) and analyze their structures and potential bioactivities. A new polysaccharide named K-CMLP was isolated and purified by Diethylaminoethylcellulose (DEAE)-Sepharose Fast Flow and DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography with an average molecular weight of 3.76 × 103 kDa. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that K-CLMP consisted of rhamnose, galactose, and glucose, with a molar ratio of 6.75:5.87:1.00. Co-resolved by methylation and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), K-CLMP was alternately connected with 1, 2-Rha and 1, 4-Gal to form the backbone, and a small number of glucose residues was connected to O-4 of rhamnose. The results of DPPH⋅ and ABTS+⋅ radical scavenging assays indicated that both crude polysaccharide Citrus medica L. var. polysaccharide (CMLP) and K-CLMP exhibited strong free-radical-scavenging properties in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, K-CMLP significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS. These results provide a basis for further use as one of the potential functions of food or natural medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bi Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou, China.,Comprehensive Experimental Station of Guangzhou, Chinese Materia Medica, China Agriculture Research System, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou, China.,Comprehensive Experimental Station of Guangzhou, Chinese Materia Medica, China Agriculture Research System, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou, China.,Comprehensive Experimental Station of Guangzhou, Chinese Materia Medica, China Agriculture Research System, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiran Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou, China.,Comprehensive Experimental Station of Guangzhou, Chinese Materia Medica, China Agriculture Research System, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li J, Xiang H, Zhang Q, Miao X. Polysaccharide-Based Transdermal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050602. [PMID: 35631428 PMCID: PMC9146969 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials derived from natural plants and animals have great potential for transdermal drug delivery. Polysaccharides are widely derived from marine, herbal, and microbial sources. Compared with synthetic polymers, polysaccharides have the advantages of non-toxicity and biodegradability, ease of modification, biocompatibility, targeting, and antibacterial properties. Currently, polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery vehicles, such as hydrogel, film, microneedle (MN), and tissue scaffolds are being developed. The addition of polysaccharides allows these vehicles to exhibit better-swelling properties, mechanical strength, tensile strength, etc. Due to the stratum corneum’s resistance, the transdermal drug delivery system cannot deliver drugs as efficiently as desired. The charge and hydration of polysaccharides allow them to react with the skin and promote drug penetration. In addition, polysaccharide-based nanotechnology enhances drug utilization efficiency. Various diseases are currently treated by polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery devices and exhibit promising futures. The most current knowledge on these excellent materials will be thoroughly discussed by reviewing polysaccharide-based transdermal drug delivery strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
- Weihai Changqing Ocean Science Technology Co., Ltd., Weihai 264209, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-19806301068
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cao X, Zhang Q, Zhu Y, Li S, Cai Y, Li P, Liu D, Leng Y, Ye S, Xu Z, Li H, Shen B, Liao Q, Liu L, Xie Z. Structural Characterization and Immunoenhancing Effects of a Polysaccharide from the Soft Coral Lobophytum sarcophytoides. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:203-215. [PMID: 35175461 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on the soft coral Lobophytum sarcophytoides (Lobophytum sp.) are mainly about small molecules, and there has been no systematic research on polysaccharides. In the study, a novel polysaccharide (LCPs-1-A) with immunoenhancing functions was successfully extracted and purified from the soft coral Lobophytum sp. After preliminary analysis, our data indicated that LCPs-1-A was composed of glucose and had a molecular weight of 4.90 × 106 Da. Moreover, our findings showed that LCPs-1-A could promote the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells, stimulate the production of NO and ROS, and increase the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, which indicated that LCPs-1-A had a good immunoenhancing activity. Through further studies, we found that LCPs-1-A might play an immunoenhancing role through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, our results demonstrated that LCPs-1-A might be a natural immunostimulant for use in medical and food industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanglu Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Siju Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Leng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengmei Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Baochun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fan R, Mao G, Xia H, Zeng J. Chemical elucidation and rheological properties of a pectic polysaccharide extracted from Citrus medica L. fruit residues by gradient ethanol precipitation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 198:46-53. [PMID: 34958815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Citron (Citrus. medica L.) fruits are commonly utilized in the production of essential oil, therefore, the fruits residues turn out to be industrial byproducts. In the present study, a crude polysaccharide was extracted from citron fruit residues by hot water extraction and precipitation of ethanol (95%), after deproteinization, a major polysaccharide component (CMLP-2) was obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation (20%-80%). The physicochemical properties of CMLP-2 such as surface morphology, functional groups, and thermostability were examined by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, the chemical structure of CMLP-2 was elucidated that CMLP-2 is an acidic pectic polysaccharide consisting of arabinose (Ara), galacturonic acid (GalA), and rhamnose (Rha) in a molar ratio of 4:2:1 with a molecular weight of 202.18 kDa. CMLP-2 is a novel pectic polysaccharide rich in rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). Moreover, rheological tests revealed that CMLP-2 solution is pseudoplastic and temperature resistant. The result could be a good basis for the utilization of Citrus medica L. fruits residues as plant-derived food additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Fan
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Genlin Mao
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongqi Xia
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xie L, Huang Z, Meng H, Fan Z, Shi X, Xie J. Role of genistein on the yield, structure and immunomodulatory activity of Monascus exopolysaccharides. Food Funct 2022; 13:1393-1407. [PMID: 35045151 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the structures, physicochemical properties, and monosaccharide compositions of exopolysaccharides (EPS) isolated from microorganisms has been reported to enhance their biological activities. Hence, the aim of this work was to examine the effects of genistein addition during fermentation on the amount, physicochemical properties, and immunomodulatory activity of EPS secreted by M. purpureus. Results showed that genistein addition significantly increased M. purpureus biomass and EPS yield to 2.42 g L-1 and 6.08 g L-1, respectively, and affected the physicochemical properties and structures of EPS. Furthermore, EPS produced by genistein-treated M. purpureus (G-EMP) improved the immunomodulatory activity of RAW264.7 macrophages by increasing the secretion of nitric oxide and cytokines. Moreover, phospho-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinase (p-ERK), phospho-p38 (p-p38) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) phospho-p65 (p65) proteins were remarkably upregulated by G-EMP stimulation, blocking Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that dramatically reduced the pinocytic and phagocytic capacities. Overall, these findings provide potential rationales for the application of genistein in improving the EPS yield of M. purpureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhibing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhibing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Optimization of technology, structural characterization, derivatization, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
21
|
Chen R, Xu J, Wu W, Wen Y, Lu S, El-Seedi HR, Zhao C. Structure–immunomodulatory activity relationships of dietary polysaccharides. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1330-1341. [PMID: 36082139 PMCID: PMC9445227 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are usually composed of more than ten monosaccharide units, which are connected by linear or branched glycosidic bonds. The immunomodulatory effect of natural polysaccharides is one of the most important bioactive function. In this review, molecular weight, monosaccharide (including galactose, mannose, rhamnogalacturonan-I arabinogalactan and uronic acid), functional groups (namely sulfate, selenium, and acetyl groups), types of glycoside bond connection (including β-1,3-D-glucosyl, α-1,4-D-glucosyl, β-1,4-D-glucosyl, α-1,6-D-glucosyl, β-1,4-D-mannosyl, and β-1,4-D-Xylopyranosyl), conformation and the branching degrees are systematically identified as their contribution to the immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides. At present, studies on the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides are limited due to their low purity and high heterogeneity. However, it is an important step in providing useful guidance for dietary supplements with polysaccharides. The chemical structures and the process of immune responses induced are necessary to be discussed. Polysaccharides may bind with the cell surface receptors to modulate immune responses. This review mainly discusses the structure-activity relationship of dietary polysaccharides. Structure - activity relationships of polysaccharides with immune-enhancing effect are proposed. Polysaccharides with the higher molecular weight are helpful to improve immunity. Higer galactose, mannose, rhamnogalacturonan-I, arabinogalacta,n and uronic acid contents have immunoregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxin Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jingxiang Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Weihao Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Suyue Lu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Corresponding author.No.15 Shangxiadian Rd, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ahmad MM. Recent trends in chemical modification and antioxidant activities of plants-based polysaccharides: A review. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
23
|
Chen P, Tong M, Zeng H, Zheng B, Hu X. Structural characterization and in vitro fermentation by rat intestinal microbiota of a polysaccharide from Porphyra haitanensis. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110546. [PMID: 34399523 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A sulfated polysaccharide (PHP1) produced by the marine red alga Porphyra haitanensis was structurally characterized, and its effect on rat fecal microbiota fermentations and short chain fatty acids production were investigated. PHP1 was mainly composed of galactose and the main linkage types were identified as → 3)G4Sβ(1 → 3)G(1 → 6)G4Sα(1 → 4)LA(1 → 6)G4Sα(1→. The surface morphology of dried PHP1 films appears to be related to its chemical structure. PHP1 promoted the growth of both propionic acid-producing bacteria and propionic acid production, as well as influencing the composition and abundance of beneficial microbiota species in rats, which may be related to its high level of sulfation. The molecular weight of PHP1 decreased significantly after fermentation, which may result from hydrolysis of the galactan (with α- and β-linkages between galactose residues) by α- or β-galactosidase secreted by the microbiota. These results provided new insights into the structure-activity relationships between P. haitanensis polysaccharide and its regulation of microbiota in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingyao Tong
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mooranian A, Foster T, Ionescu CM, Walker D, Jones M, Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Chester J, Johnston E, Wong E, Atlas MD, Mikov M, Al-Salami H. Enhanced Bilosomal Properties Resulted in Optimum Pharmacological Effects by Increased Acidification Pathways. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081184. [PMID: 34452145 PMCID: PMC8398365 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies in our laboratory have shown that some bile acids, such as chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), can exert cellular protective effects when encapsulated with viable β-cells via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress mechanisms. However, to explore their full potential, formulating such bile acids (that are intrinsically lipophilic) can be challenging, particularly if larger doses are required for optimal pharmacological effects. One promising approach is the development of nano gels. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine biological effects of various concentrations of CDCA using various solubilising nano gel systems on encapsulated β-cells. METHODS Using our established cellular encapsulation system, the Ionic Gelation Vibrational Jet Flow technology, a wide range of CDCA β-cell capsules were produced and examined for morphological, biological, and inflammatory profiles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Capsules' morphology and topographic characteristics remained similar, regardless of CDCA or nano gel concentrations. The best pharmacological, anti-inflammatory, and cellular respiration, metabolism, and energy production effects were observed at high CDCA and nano gel concentrations, suggesting dose-dependent cellular protective and positive effects of CDCA when incorporated with high loading nano gel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Corina M. Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Daniel Walker
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Jacqueline Chester
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Edan Johnston
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Elaine Wong
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Marcus D. Atlas
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (T.F.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (E.W.); (M.D.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9266-9816; Fax: +61-8-9266-2769
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo R, Li X, Ma X, Sun X, Kou Y, Zhang J, Li D, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wu Y. Macromolecular and thermokinetic properties of a galactomannan from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds: A study of molecular aggregation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117890. [PMID: 33838792 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular aggregation of a galactomannan (NSAP-25) from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds was investigated, where three polydisperse systems were confirmed during particle size analysis, indicating existence of different aggregates composed of random coil chains revealed by circular dichroism. Morphologically, NSAP-25 aggregate of various sizes (200-1200 nm) was possibly multi-stranded and formed by ellipsoid-like particles (20-60 nm) composed of compact coil chain, exhibiting extended amorphous structure with chain-like branches intertwined. Hence, NSAP-25 aggregation was inevitable, which exerted an unignorable effect on augmenting flexibility (β↓, γ↓, α↓ and Lp/ML↓) and compactness (ρ↓, df↑ and C∞↓) of branched random coil chain based on macromolecular analysis, especially when concentration increased. Moreover, it could be relevant to thermokinetic behavior of random nucleation and subsequent growth (A2 model and negative ΔS*) as well as good thermal stability (IPDT, ITS, t0.05, Tm and Tp), thus conferring potential applications for NSAP-25 in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xujiao Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianda Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianbao Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuxing Kou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun'ai Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Deshun Li
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li Z, An L, Zhang S, Shi Z, Bao J, Tuerhong M, Abudukeremu M, Xu J, Guo Y. Structural elucidation and immunomodulatory evaluation of a polysaccharide from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Food Chem 2021; 364:130310. [PMID: 34237616 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana, a sweetener with medicinal functions, has attracted extensive attention due to its application in food and pharmaceutical fields. However, a few studies were performed to explore polysaccharides in this plant. Herein, SRP70-1 was derived from S. rebaudiana. Structural analysis (monosaccharide composition analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography-multi-angle light scattering detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) revealed that SRP70-1 was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose at the molar ratio of 1.35:1.00:3.23:3.47, with an absolute molecular weight of 7698 Da. SRP70-1 was found to contain → 5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →2,3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →4)-β-l-Arap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Manp-(1→, →6)-β-d-Manp-(1→, and terminal α-l-Araf, β-d-Galp, and β-d-Glcp residues. Cell experiments showed that SRP70-1 could significantly promote phagocytosis and increase the release of nitric oxide and cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Further zebrafish experiments confirmed the immunological enhancement effects of SRP70-1. This study revealed that SRP70-1 may be useful for the development of functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun An
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhetaer Tuerhong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Munira Abudukeremu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wen Y, Bi S, Hu X, Yang J, Li C, Li H, Yu DB, Zhu J, Song L, Yu R. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory mechanisms of two novel glucans from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:145-157. [PMID: 33878360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two novel glucans named MIPB50-W and MIPB50-S-1 were obtained from edible Morchella importuna with molecular weights (Mw) of 939.2 kDa and 444.5 kDa, respectively. MIPB50-W has a backbone of α-(1 → 4)-d-glucan, which was substituted at O-6 position by α-d-Glcp-(1→. Moreover, MIPB50-S-1 has a backbone of α-(1 → 4)-d-glucan, which was substituted at O-6 position by α-d-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→. This is the first report about glucan found in Morchella mushrooms. Furthermore, MIPB50-W and MIPB50-S-1 strengthened the phagocytosis function and the promoted secretion of interleukins (IL)-6/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO), which induced the activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4 as well as mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. Interestingly, MIPB50-S-1 performed the better immunomodulatory activity than that of MIPB50-W in almost all tests. Therefore, MIPB50-W and MIPB50-S-1 are potential immune-enhancing components of functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wen
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sixue Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xianjing Hu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Care, ThedaCare Regional Medical Center, Appleton, WI, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Liyan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Barbosa JR, de Carvalho Junior RN. Polysaccharides obtained from natural edible sources and their role in modulating the immune system: Biologically active potential that can be exploited against COVID-19. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021; 108:223-235. [PMID: 33424125 PMCID: PMC7781518 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global crisis caused by the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, better known as COVID-19, brought the need to improve the population's immunity. The foods rich in polysaccharides with immunomodulation properties are among the most highly rated to be used as immune response modulators. Thus, the use of polysaccharides obtained from food offers an innovative strategy to prevent serious side effects of viral infections. SCOPE AND APPROACH This review revisits the current studies on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, its characteristics, target cell interactions, and the possibility of using polysaccharides from functional foods as activators of the immune response. Several natural foods are explored for the possibility of being used to obtain polysaccharides with immunomodulatory potential. And finally, we address expectations for the use of polysaccharides in the development of potential therapies and vaccines. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The negative consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic across the world are unprecedented, thousands of lives lost, increasing inequalities, and incalculable economic losses. On the other hand, great scientific advances have been made regarding the understanding of the disease and forms of treatment. Polysaccharides, due to their characteristics, have the potential to be used as potential drugs with the ability to modulate the immune response. In addition, they can be used safely, as they have no toxic effects, are biocompatible and biodegradable. Finally, these biopolymers can still be used in the development of new therapies and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatas Rodrigues Barbosa
- LABEX/FEA (Extraction Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900, Belém, PA, Brazil
- LABTECS (Supercritical Technology Laboratory), PCT-Guamá (Guamá Science and Technology Park), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Avenida Perimetral da Ciência km 01,Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-750, Brazil
| | - Raul Nunes de Carvalho Junior
- LABEX/FEA (Extraction Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900, Belém, PA, Brazil
- LABTECS (Supercritical Technology Laboratory), PCT-Guamá (Guamá Science and Technology Park), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Avenida Perimetral da Ciência km 01,Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-750, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Luo X, Wang J, Chen H, Zhou A, Song M, Zhong Q, Chen H, Cao Y. Identification of Flavoanoids From Finger Citron and Evaluation on Their Antioxidative and Antiaging Activities. Front Nutr 2020; 7:584900. [PMID: 33195374 PMCID: PMC7649818 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.584900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Finger citron (Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle) is a traditional Chinese herb and considered as a healthy food. Flavonoids are the major bioactive substances in Finger citron. In this study, the major flavonoids of finger citron (FFC) were purified with AB-8 macroporous resins, and then three of them were identified as diosmetin-6-8-di-C-glucoside, hesperidin and diosmetin-6-C-glucoside, and other two were preliminarily inferred as limocitrol 3-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1->3)-galactoside and scutellarein 4′-methyl ether 7-glucoside by high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraperformance liquid chromatography to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Further, their antioxidation and antiaging activities were determined in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, chemical assays revealed that the purified FFC had strong antioxidative activity as demonstrated by its strong DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt] radical scavenging activities and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity). In vivo, the purified FFC significantly increased the mean and maximum lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans by 31.26 and 26.59%, respectively, and showed no side effects on their physiological functions. Under normal and oxidative stress conditions, purified FFC reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde, while increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities in C. elegans. Together, we successfully identified three major substances in purified FFC of finger citron and determined the excellent antiaging activity of FFC, which is attributed to its strong antioxidative activity and effect on homeostasis of ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Haiqiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Mingyue Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Hanmin Chen
- Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huo J, Wu J, Sun B, Zhao M, Sun W, Sun J, Huang M. Isolation, purification, structure characterization of a novel glucan from Huangshui, a byproduct of Chinese Baijiu, and its immunomodulatory activity in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:406-416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
31
|
Li L, Su Y, Feng Y, Hong R. A comparison study on digestion, anti-inflammatory and functional properties of polysaccharides from four Auricularia species. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1074-1081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
32
|
Mohan K, Muralisankar T, Uthayakumar V, Chandirasekar R, Revathi N, Ramu Ganesan A, Velmurugan K, Sathishkumar P, Jayakumar R, Seedevi P. Trends in the extraction, purification, characterisation and biological activities of polysaccharides from tropical and sub-tropical fruits - A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116185. [PMID: 32299552 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tropical and sub-tropical fruits are tremendous sources of polysaccharides (PSs), which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food and cosmetics. This review paper aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of fruit polysaccharides (FPSs). The chemical structure and biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-coagulant and anti-diabetic effects, of PSs extracted from 53 various fruits were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 172 scientific articles were reviewed and discussed. This comprehensive survey from previous studies suggests that the FPSs are non-toxic and highly biocompatible. In addition, this review highlights that FPSs might be excellent functional foods as well as effective therapeutic drugs. Finally, the future research advances of FPSs are also described. The content of this review will promote human wellness-based food product development in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638 316, India.
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Muralisankar
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India
| | | | | | - Nagarajan Revathi
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638 316, India
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- School of Applied Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology (CEST), Fiji National University, 5529, Fiji
| | - Kalamani Velmurugan
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641029, India
| | - Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Rajarajeswaran Jayakumar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Palaniappan Seedevi
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
A novel acidic polysaccharide from the residue of Panax notoginseng and its hepatoprotective effect on alcoholic liver damage in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:1084-1097. [PMID: 32035151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study presented the first purification and characterization of a hepatoprotective polysaccharide (PNPS-0.5 M) from the residue of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen. This polysaccharide included a backbone of (4 → 1)-linked GalA and branches of (1→)-linked Araf, (1→)-linked Rhap, and (5 → 1)-linked Araf and had an extremely high molecular weight (2600 kDa). We investigated the hepatoprotective effects of PNPS-0.5 M on mice with alcoholic liver damage (ALD). After administration of PNPS-0.5 M, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) were reduced to normal. In contrast, hepatic levels of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were elevated to normal. Further investigations indicated that PNPS-0.5 M activated Nrf2 signaling as a protective mechanism against Cyp2e1 toxicity in ALD mice. Meanwhile, it strengthened the ADH pathway and suppressed the CAT pathway of alcohol metabolism to prevent peroxide accumulation, thereby ameliorating ALD. In the present study, we describe a novel acidic polysaccharide from P. notoginseng with hepatoprotective activity that facilitates the development and utilization of P. notoginseng resources.
Collapse
|
34
|
Immunomodulatory activities of sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides with different degrees of substitution on mouse spleen lymphocytes. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
35
|
Feng S, Luan D, Ning K, Shao P, Sun P. Ultrafiltration isolation, hypoglycemic activity analysis and structural characterization of polysaccharides from Brasenia schreberi. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:141-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|