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Peña-Montes C, Bermúdez-García E, Castro-Ochoa D, Vega-Pérez F, Esqueda-Domínguez K, Castro-Rodríguez JA, González-Canto A, Segoviano-Reyes L, Navarro-Ocaña A, Farrés A. ANCUT1, a novel thermoalkaline cutinase from Aspergillus nidulans and its application on hydroxycinnamic acids lipophilization. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:409-430. [PMID: 38416309 PMCID: PMC11055803 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
One of the four cutinases encoded in the Aspergillus nidulans genome, ANCUT1, is described here. Culture conditions were evaluated, and it was found that this enzyme is produced only when cutin is present in the culture medium, unlike the previously described ANCUT2, with which it shares 62% amino acid identity. The differences between them include the fact that ANCUT1 is a smaller enzyme, with experimental molecular weight and pI values of 22 kDa and 6, respectively. It shows maximum activity at pH 9 and 60 °C under assayed conditions and retains more than 60% of activity after incubation for 1 h at 60 °C in a wide range of pH values (6-10) after incubations of 1 or 3 h. It has a higher activity towards medium-chain esters and can modify long-chain length hydroxylated fatty acids constituting cutin. Its substrate specificity properties allow the lipophilization of alkyl coumarates, valuable antioxidants and its thermoalkaline behavior, which competes favorably with other fungal cutinases, suggests it may be useful in many more applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Peña-Montes
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos (UNIDA), Calzada Miguel Angel de Quevedo, 2779. Col. Formando Hogar, Veracruz, México, CP 91897
| | - Eva Bermúdez-García
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Denise Castro-Ochoa
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Mochis, Juan de Dios Batiz y 20 de Noviembre, CP 81259, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Vega-Pérez
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Katia Esqueda-Domínguez
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Augusto Castro-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Augusto González-Canto
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Hospital General de México, Dr. Balmis, 148, CP 06726, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura Segoviano-Reyes
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo Navarro-Ocaña
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Amelia Farrés
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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2
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Torres de Oliveira C, Alexandrino de Assis M, Lourenço Franco Cairo JP, Damasio A, Guimarães Pereira GA, Mazutti MA, de Oliveira D. Functional characterization and structural insights of three cutinases from the ascomycete Fusarium verticillioides. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 216:106415. [PMID: 38104791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cutinases are serine esterases that belong to the α/β hydrolases superfamily. The natural substrates for these enzymes are cutin and suberin, components of the plant cuticle, the first barrier in the defense system against pathogen invasion. It is well-reported that plant pathogens produce cutinases to facilitate infection. Fusarium verticillioides, one important corn pathogens, is an ascomycete upon which its cutinases are poorly explored. Consequently, the objective of this study was to perform the biochemical characterization of three precursor cutinases (FvCut1, FvCut2, and FvCut3) from F. verticillioides and to obtain structural insights about them. The cutinases were produced in Escherichia coli and purified. FvCut1, FvCut2, and FvCut3 presented optimal temperatures of 20, 40, and 35 °C, and optimal pH of 9, 7, and 8, respectively. Some chemicals stimulated the enzymatic activity. The kinetic parameters revealed that FvCut1 has higher catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) in the p-nitrophenyl-butyrate (p-NPB) substrate. Nevertheless, the enzymes were not able to hydrolyze polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Furthermore, the three-dimensional models of these enzymes showed structural differences among them, mainly FvCut1, which presented a narrower opening cleft to access the catalytic site. Therefore, our study contributes to exploring the diversity of fungal cutinases and their potential biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Torres de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Michelle Alexandrino de Assis
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - André Damasio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Antonio Mazutti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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3
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Won SJ, Yim JH, Kim HK. Synthesis of Short-Chain Alkyl Butyrate through Esterification Reaction Using Immobilized Rhodococcus Cutinase and Analysis of Substrate Specificity through Molecular Docking. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:268-276. [PMID: 36524336 PMCID: PMC9998203 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2211.11022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl butyrate with fruity flavor is known as an important additive in the food industry. We synthesized various alkyl butyrates from various fatty alcohol and butyric acid using immobilized Rhodococcus cutinase (Rcut). Esterification reaction was performed in a non-aqueous system including heptane, isooctane, hexane, and cyclohexane. As a result of performing the alkyl butyrate synthesis reaction using alcohols of various chain lengths, it was found that the preference for the alcohol substrate had the following order: C6 > C4 > C8 > C10 > C2. Through molecular docking analysis, it was found that the greater the hydrophobicity of alcohol, the higher the accessibility to the active site of the enzyme. However, since the number of torsions increased as the chain length increased, it became difficult for the hydroxyl oxygen of the alcohol to access the γO of serine at the enzyme active site. These molecular docking results were consistent with substrate preference results of the Rcut enzyme. The Rcut maintained the synthesis efficiency at least for 5 days in isooctane solvent. We synthesized as much as 452 mM butyl butyrate by adding 100 mM substrate daily for 5 days and performing the reaction. These results show that Rcut is an efficient enzyme for producing alkyl butyrate used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jae Won
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Han Yim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kwoun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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4
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Jiang L, Guan X, Liu H, Chang X, Sun J, Sun C, Zhao C. Improved Production of Recombinant Carboxylesterase FumDM by Co-Expressing Molecular Chaperones in Pichia pastoris. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:156. [PMID: 36828470 PMCID: PMC9960120 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumonisins (FBs) are mycotoxins that threaten public health and food safety worldwide. Enzymatic degradation of Fumonisin B1 (FB1) through decarboxylation has attracted much attention, whereas application of FB1 carboxylesterase in detoxification requires more effective expression of the recombinant carboxylesterase. In this study, the carboxylesterase FumDM from Sphingopyxis sp. ASAG22 was codon-optimized and co-expressed with five different molecular chaperones (PDI, CPR5, ERO1, HAC1, and Bip) in order to improve the expression level of FumDM in Pichia pastoris (also known as Komagataella phaffii) GS115. The co-expression of different chaperones caused varying degrees of improvement in FumDM activity for FB1. The enzyme activities of recombinant strains over-expressing PDI and CPR5 reached the highest levels of 259.47 U/mL and 161.34 U/mL, 635% and 357% higher than the original enzyme activity, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis of the two recombinant strains in comparison with the control strain showed that the correct folding of proteins assisted by molecular chaperones played a key role in the improvement of FumDM expression and its enzyme activity. This study demonstrated that co-expression of carboxylesterase FumDM and folding chaperones was an efficient strategy and therefore might inspire new perspectives on the improvement of carboxylesterase for detoxification of FB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Jiang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hujun Liu
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiaojiao Chang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Changpo Sun
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
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5
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Lai J, Huang H, Lin M, Xu Y, Li X, Sun B. Enzyme catalyzes ester bond synthesis and hydrolysis: The key step for sustainable usage of plastics. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1113705. [PMID: 36713200 PMCID: PMC9878459 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1113705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Petro-plastic wastes cause serious environmental contamination that require effective solutions. Developing alternatives to petro-plastics and exploring feasible degrading methods are two solving routes. Bio-plastics like polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS), poly (ethylene furanoate) s (PEFs) and poly (ethylene succinate) (PES) have emerged as promising alternatives. Meanwhile, biodegradation plays important roles in recycling plastics (e.g., bio-plastics PHAs, PLA, PCL, PBS, PEFs and PES) and petro-plastics poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and plasticizers in plastics (e.g., phthalate esters, PAEs). All these bio- and petro-materials show structure similarity by connecting monomers through ester bond. Thus, this review focused on bio-plastics and summarized the sequences and structures of the microbial enzymes catalyzing ester-bond synthesis. Most of these synthetic enzymes belonged to α/β-hydrolases with conserved serine catalytic active site and catalyzed the polymerization of monomers by forming ester bond. For enzymatic plastic degradation, enzymes about PHAs, PBS, PCL, PEFs, PES and PET were discussed, and most of the enzymes also belonged to the α/β hydrolases with a catalytic active residue serine, and nucleophilically attacked the ester bond of substrate to generate the cleavage of plastic backbone. Enzymes hydrolysis of the representative plasticizer PAEs were divided into three types (I, II, and III). Type I enzymes hydrolyzed only one ester-bond of PAEs, type II enzymes catalyzed the ester-bond of mono-ester phthalates, and type III enzymes hydrolyzed di-ester bonds of PAEs. Divergences of catalytic mechanisms among these enzymes were still unclear. This review provided references for producing bio-plastics, and degrading or recycling of bio- and petro-plastics from an enzymatic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Lai
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Enzymatic Molecular Engineering of China General Chamber of Commence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Enzymatic Molecular Engineering of China General Chamber of Commence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Enzymatic Molecular Engineering of China General Chamber of Commence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Youqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Enzymatic Molecular Engineering of China General Chamber of Commence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Youqiang Xu, ✉
| | - Xiuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Enzymatic Molecular Engineering of China General Chamber of Commence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Enzymatic Molecular Engineering of China General Chamber of Commence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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6
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Delangiz N, Aliyar S, Pashapoor N, Nobaharan K, Asgari Lajayer B, Rodríguez-Couto S. Can polymer-degrading microorganisms solve the bottleneck of plastics' environmental challenges? CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133709. [PMID: 35074325 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing world population and industrial activities have enhanced anthropogenic pollution, plastic pollution being especially alarming. So, plastics should be recycled and/or make them biodegradable. Chemical and physical remediating methods are usually energy consuming and costly. In addition, they are not ecofriendly and usually produce toxic byproducts. Bioremediation is a proper option as it is cost-efficient and environmentally friendly. Plastic production and consumption are increasing daily, and, as a consequence, more microorganisms are exposed to these nonbiodegradable polymers. Therefore, investigating new efficient microorganisms and increasing the knowledge about their biology can pave the way for efficient and feasible plastic bioremediation processes. In this sense, omics, systems biology and bioinformatics are three important fields to analyze the biodegradation pathways in microorganisms. Based on the above-mentioned technologies, researchers can engineer microorganisms with specific desired properties to make bioremediation more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Delangiz
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sajad Aliyar
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Pashapoor
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Susana Rodríguez-Couto
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
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7
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Novy V, Carneiro LV, Shin JH, Larsbrink J, Olsson L. Phylogenetic analysis and in-depth characterization of functionally and structurally diverse CE5 cutinases. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101302. [PMID: 34653507 PMCID: PMC8577158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutinases are esterases that release fatty acids from the apoplastic layer in plants. As they accept bulky and hydrophobic substrates, cutinases could be used in many applications, ranging from valorization of bark-rich side streams to plastic recycling. Advancement of these applications, however, requires deeper knowledge of cutinases' biodiversity and structure-function relationships. Here, we mined over 3000 members from carbohydrate esterase family 5 for putative cutinases and condensed it to 151 genes from known or putative lignocellulose-targeting organisms. The 151 genes were subjected to a phylogenetic analysis, which showed that cutinases with available crystal structures were phylogenetically closely related. We then selected nine phylogenic diverse cutinases for recombinant production and characterized their kinetic activity against para-nitrophenol substrates esterified with consecutively longer alkyl chains (pNP-C2 to C16). Each investigated cutinase had a unique activity fingerprint against the tested pNP substrates. The five enzymes with the highest activity on pNP-C12 and C16, indicative of activity on bulky hydrophobic compounds, were selected for in-depth kinetic and structure-function analysis. All five enzymes showed a decrease in kcat values with increasing substrate chain length, whereas KM values and binding energies (calculated from in silico docking analysis) improved. Two cutinases from Fusarium solani and Cryptococcus sp. exhibited outstandingly low KM values, resulting in high catalytic efficiencies toward pNP-C16. Docking analysis suggested that different clades of the phylogenetic tree may harbor enzymes with different modes of substrate interaction, involving a solvent-exposed catalytic triad, a lipase-like lid, or a clamshell-like active site possibly formed by flexible loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Novy
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leonor Vieira Carneiro
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jae Ho Shin
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Larsbrink
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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8
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Gao M, Yang G, Li F, Wang Z, Hu X, Jiang Y, Yan J, Li Z, Zhan X. Efficient endo-β-1,3-glucanase expression in Pichia pastoris for co-culture with Agrobacterium sp. for direct curdlan oligosaccharide production. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1611-1617. [PMID: 34044029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The production of curdlan oligosaccharides, a multifunctional and valuable carbohydrate, by hydrolyzing polysaccharides is of great interest. The endo-β-1,3-glucanase derived from Trichoderma harzianum was expressed in Pichia pastoris with three commonly used promoters (AOX1, GAP and FLD1). The purified recombinant endo-β-1,3-glucanase expressed by Pichia pastoris with GAP promoter displayed high specific activity at pH 5.5 and 50 °C. Thereafter, a co-culture system of Pichia pastoris GS115 (GAP promoter) and Agrobacterium sp. was constructed in which Agrobacterium sp.-metabolized curdlan can be directly hydrolyzed by Pichia pastoris-secreted endo-β-1,3-glucanase to produce functional curdlan oligosaccharides. The co-culture conditions were optimized and the process was carried out in a 7-L bioreactor. The maximum yield of curdlan oligosaccharides reached 18.77 g/L with 3-10 degrees of polymerization. This study presents a novel and easy curdlan oligosaccharide production strategy that can replace traditional sophisticated production procedures and could potentially be implemented for production of other oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Guoshuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Feifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zichao Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Hu
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing 100833, PR China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jiajun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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9
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Ibrahim SRM, Altyar AE, Mohamed SGA, Mohamed GA. Genus Thielavia: phytochemicals, industrial importance and biological relevance. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5108-5123. [PMID: 33949258 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1919105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Thielavia species (Chaetomiaceae) are a wealthy source of enzymes such as laccases, cutinases, glucuronoyl esterases, feruloyl esterases, 1,4-β-endoglucanase and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases that reported to have various biotechnological and industrial applications in dye decolorization, bio-refinery, biomass utilization, ester biosynthesis and biodegradation. Different metabolites have been reported from this genus as depsides, azaphilones, pyrazines, naphthodianthrones and anthraquinones derivatives. These metabolites have attracted research interest due to their fascinating structures and diverse bioactivities, including antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and superoxide anion generation, phospholipase, prostaglandins synthesis and proteasome inhibitory activities. Therefore, these compounds can be taken into account as candidates for the development of effective and novel pharmaceutical leads. The current review represents the relevant information for the Thielavia genus, in particular, its phytoconstituents and their pharmacological activities, as well as the biotechnological applications of Thielavia species published from 1981 till now. More than 40 metabolites are described and - 71 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Batterjee Medical College, Preparatory Year Program, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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