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Yu YH, Liu F, Li LQ, Jin MY, Yu X, Liu X, Li Y, Li L, Yan JK. Recent advances in dietary polysaccharides from Allium species: Preparation, characterization, and bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134130. [PMID: 39053822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Allium plants, including garlic, onions, shallots, and leeks, belong to the Alliaceae family and are utilized as vegetable, medicinal, and ornamental plants. These plants are consumed both raw and cooked and are noted in traditional medicine for their antibacterial, antitumor, and diuretic properties. Allium plants are a rich source of polyphenols, organosulfur compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, and polysaccharides, which contribute to their health benefits. As consumer interest in the association between diet and health grows, there is an increasing market demand for foods that promote health, particularly those rich in dietary fiber or non-starch polysaccharides. Allium polysaccharides (APS) have molecular weights of 1 × 103-1 × 106 Da containing small amounts of pectin, glucofructan, or glycoproteins and large amounts of fructans. APS, despite its complex structure, is one of the principal active components of Allium plants but is often overlooked, which restricts its practical application. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the extraction and purification, structural and functional characteristics, bioactivities, structure-function relationships, and chemical modifications of APS, as well as the effects of APS processing and storage. Additionally, this paper outlines future research directions for APS, which will inform its development and application in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Yu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Fengyuan Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Long-Qing Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ming-Yu Jin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiangying Yu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Lin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jing-Kun Yan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Li H, Yang W, Wu X, Tian L, Zhang W, Tian H, Liang X, Huang L, Guo L, Li X, Gao W. Cationic fructan-based pH and intestinal flora dual stimulation nanoparticle with berberine for targeted therapy of IBD. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:127987. [PMID: 37979767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can cause intestinal microbial imbalance and aggravate intestinal inflammation. Mixed fructan is more easily fermented by colonic microorganisms and can be used as colonic drug delivery materials. Here, we constructed a mixed fructan based nanoparticle with dual targeted stimulation of pH and intestinal flora to effectively deliver berberine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). The complex of fructan based nanoparticle and berberine (BBRNPs) significantly ameliorated the inflammatory response of sodium dextran sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB/STAT-3 pathway and increasing tight junction protein expression in vivo. Importantly, BBRNPs improved the responsiveness of colitis microbiome and effectively regulated the relative homeostasis of harmful flora Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia-shigolla, and beneficial flora Ruminococcaceae and Akkermansiaceae. This study provides a promising strategy for the effective treatment of UC and expands the application of branched fructan in pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Wenna Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiongzhi Wu
- Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Nankai Hospital, No. 6 Changjiang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Luyao Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Weimei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Hongyue Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Alvarez-Zapata M, Franco-Vega A, Rondero AG, Guerra RS, Flores BIJ, Comas-García M, Ovalle CO, Schneider B, Ratering S, Schnell S, Martinez-Gutierrez F. Modulation of the Altered Intestinal Microbiota by Use of Antibiotics with a Novel Synbiotic on Wistar Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10204-0. [PMID: 38127241 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics unbalances the intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are alternatives for these unbalances. The effects of a new synbiotic composed of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and fructans from Agave salmiana (fAs) as prebiotics were assessed to modulate the intestinal microbiota. Two probiotic presentations, the commercial probiotic (CP) and the microencapsulated probiotic (MP) to improve those effects, were used to prepare the synbiotics and feed Wistar rats subjected to antibiotics (AB). Eight groups were studied, including five controls and three groups to modulate the microbiota after the use of antibiotics: G5: AB + MP-synbiotic, G6: AB + CP-synbiotic, and G8: AB + fAs. All treatments were administered daily for 7 days. On days 7 and 21, euthanasia was performed, cecum tissue was recovered and used to evaluate histological analysis and to study microphotograph by TEM, and finally, bacterial DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA gene metabarcode sequencing was performed. Histological analysis showed less epithelial damage and more abundance of the intestinal microbiota in the groups G5, G6, and G8 in comparison with the AB control group after 7 days. Microphotograph of the cecum at 2 weeks post treatment showed that G5 and G6 presented beneficial effects in epithelial reconstruction. Interestingly, in the groups that used the synbiotic without AB (G3 and G4) in addition to contributing to the recovery of the autochthonous microbiota, it promotes the development of beneficial microorganisms; those results were also achieved in the groups that used the synbiotic with AB enhancing the bacterial diversity and regulating the impact of AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Alvarez-Zapata
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6 Zona Universitaria, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Avelina Franco-Vega
- Laboratorio de Tecnologías Emergentes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Adriana Ganem Rondero
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica (L-322), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Estado de México, México
| | - Ruth Soria Guerra
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de plantas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Mauricio Comas-García
- Sección de Genómica Médica, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Microscopía de Alta Resolución, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | - Belinda Schneider
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6 Zona Universitaria, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México.
- Sección de Genómica Médica, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México.
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Shi Y, Si D, Zhang X, Chen D, Han Z. Plant fructans: Recent advances in metabolism, evolution aspects and applications for human health. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100595. [PMID: 37744554 PMCID: PMC10517269 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructans, fructose polymers, are one of the three major reserve carbohydrate in plants. The nutritional and therapeutic benefits of natural fructans in plants have attracted increasing interest by consumers and food industry. In the course of evolution, many plants have developed the ability of regulating plant fructans metabolism to produce fructans with different structures and chain lengths, which are strongly correlated with their survival in harsh environments. Exploring these evolution-related genes in fructans biosynthesis and de novo domestication of fructans-rich plants based on genome editing is a viable and promising approach to improve human dietary quality and reduce the risk of chronic disease. These advances will greatly facilitate breeding and production of tailor-made fructans as a healthy food ingredient from wild plants such as huangjing (Polygonatum cyrtonema). The purpose of this review is to broaden our knowledge on plant fructans biosynthesis, evolution and benefits to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Donghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zhigang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Ramírez-Pérez JI, Abud-Archila M, Ovando-Chacón SL, Soria-Guerra RE, Ruiz-Cabrera MA, Godínez-Hernández CI, Grajales-Lagunes A. Effect of coadministration of Lactiplantibacillus fabifermentans and linear/branched fructans mixtures on the intestinal health of Wistar rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125748. [PMID: 37429336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
A completely randomized experimental design was conducted to evaluate the effect of the coadministration of Lactiplantibacillus fabifermentans (Lpb. fabifermentans) and inulin/agave fructans mixtures on gut microbiota of healthy Wistar rats. Inulin, Agave salmiana fructans or fructan mixtures (1:1) at 12.5 % w/w, and Lpb. fabifermentans at 109 CFU/mL/day were used in the rats' diet for 35 days. Biochemical parameters, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), structural changes and the bacterial abundance in rats' cecum were evaluated. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels with fructan mixtures combined with Lpb. Fabifermentans was observed. The weight of the small and large intestines, and cecum was higher than the control; no changes were observed in the heart, liver, spleen and kidneys. SCFA concentration mainly, propionate and butyrate was improved (p < 0.05) throughout the gastrointestinal tract in all treatments. Finally, the administration of Lpb. fabifermentans alone or combined with the fructan mixtures promoted an increase in the abundance of cecum intestinal microbiota: Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Butyricimonas, Coprococcus, Akkermansia, Methanobrevibacter, Adlercreutzia, Collinsella, Odoribacter, and Roseburia. The inclusion of fructan mixtures in combination with Lpb. fabifermentans could be a good alternative for the development of functional foods that enhance consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Ramírez-Pérez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carr. Panamericana km 1080, C.P. 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - M Abud-Archila
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carr. Panamericana km 1080, C.P. 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - S L Ovando-Chacón
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carr. Panamericana km 1080, C.P. 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - R E Soria-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, C.P. 78210 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - M A Ruiz-Cabrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, C.P. 78210 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - C I Godínez-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair # 200, Col. del Llano, C.P. 78377 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - A Grajales-Lagunes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, C.P. 78210 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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Stolfi C, Pacifico T, Monteleone G, Laudisi F. Impact of Western Diet and Ultra-Processed Food on the Intestinal Mucus Barrier. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2015. [PMID: 37509654 PMCID: PMC10377275 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial barrier plays a key role in the absorption of nutrients and water, in the regulation of the interactions between luminal contents and the underlying immune cells, and in the defense against enteric pathogens. Additionally, the intestinal mucus layer provides further protection due to mucin secretion and maturation by goblet cells, thus representing a crucial player in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. However, environmental factors, such as dietary products, can disrupt this equilibrium, leading to the development of inflammatory intestinal disorders. In particular, ultra-processed food, which is broadly present in the Western diet and includes dietary components containing food additives and/or undergoing multiple industrial processes (such as dry heating cooking), was shown to negatively impact intestinal health. In this review, we summarize and discuss current knowledge on the impact of a Western diet and, in particular, ultra-processed food on the mucus barrier and goblet cell function, as well as potential therapeutic approaches to maintain and restore the mucus layer under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Stolfi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Pacifico
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
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Vázquez-Rodríguez B, Gutiérrez-Uribe JA, Guajardo-Flores D, Santos-Zea L. Microencapsulation of steroidal saponins from agave sap concentrate using different carriers in spray drying. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2022; 28:622-633. [PMID: 34747254 DOI: 10.1177/10820132211049949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Concentrated agave sap is a product with in vivo proven hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic activities, as well as in vitro anticancer potential. In the present work, a factorial design was used to determine the suitable drying conditions of concentrated agave by studying the effect of inlet temperature (150 °C, 180 °C and 210 °C) and the type of carrier agent (maltodextrin, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, guar gum and xanthan gum). The response variables for each treatment were the product recovery and microencapsulated saponins. Further characterization of concentrated agave powders was performed: solubility in water, hygroscopicity, moisture content, tap density, bulk density, Carr's index followability and morphology by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose proved to improve physicochemical properties and enhance product yield, using 210 °C inlet temperature and a mix of carrier agents of maltodextrin/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/xanthan gum at 50/48.5/1.5 (w/w/w) proportion exhibited the highest saponin recovery of 53.81%. Moreover, different carrier agents in powders revealed two shapes, regular spherical shape with smooth surface and collapsed shapes. The use of polymers excipients helped to decrease the stickiness of the desired product and enhanced the powder stability and microencapsulation of the steroidal saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liliana Santos-Zea
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, México
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Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Mudannayake DC, Jayasena DD, Wimalasiri KM, Ranadheera CS, Ajlouni S. Inulin fructans as functional food ingredients‐ food applications and alternative plant sources: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deshani C. Mudannayake
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka
| | - Dinesh D. Jayasena
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka
| | - Kuruppu M.S. Wimalasiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka
| | - C. S. Ranadheera
- School of Agriculture & Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Said Ajlouni
- School of Agriculture & Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
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10
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Effect of linear and branched fructans on growth and probiotic characteristics of seven Lactobacillus spp. isolated from an autochthonous beverage from Chiapas, Mexico. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:364. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Cruz-Salas CN, Prieto C, Calderón-Santoyo M, Lagarón JM, Ramos-Hernández JA, Ragazzo-Sánchez JA. Antimutagenic and Antiproliferative Activity of the Coccoloba uvifera L. Extract Loaded in Nanofibers of Gelatin/Agave Fructans Elaborated by Electrospinning. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2788-2798. [PMID: 35297353 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220316161957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coccoloba uvifera L. species is currently considered an important source of compounds of high biological value such as lupeol, this is related to different biological activities of importance to human health. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to encapsulate the C. uvifera extract in nanofibers made with the biopolymers gelatin (G)/high-grade polymerization agave fructans (HDPAF) in the proportions 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 0:1, through the electrospinning process, in addition to evaluating the antimutagenic and antiproliferative properties of the encapsulated extract. METHOD The physicochemical characteristics of the nanofibers were evaluated, as well as the antiproliferative and antimutagenic activities of the encapsulated and unencapsulated extract. SEM evaluation shows nanofibers of smooth, continuous morphology and nanometric size (50-250 nm). The TGA, FTIR-ATR, HPLC-MS analyzes reveal the presence of the extract in the nanofibers. RESULTS The extract did not show a mutagenic effect during the development of the Ames test, on the other hand, the MTT test showed the antiproliferative effect at the concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL of extract. CONCLUSION the extract of C. uvifera loaded in nanofibers elaborated by electrospinning with the G/HDPAF biopolymers, conserves its antimutagenic and antiproliferative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla N Cruz-Salas
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico 2595, Tepic C.P. 63175, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, IATA-CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico 2595, Tepic C.P. 63175, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - José M Lagarón
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, IATA-CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jorge Alberto Ramos-Hernández
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico 2595, Tepic C.P. 63175, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico 2595, Tepic C.P. 63175, Nayarit, Mexico
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Wei X, Zhao Z, Zhong R, Tan X. A comprehensive review of herbacetin: From chemistry to pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114356. [PMID: 34166735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbacetin is an active constituent of traditional Chinese medicines such as Ephedra sinica Stapf (MaHuang) and Sedum roseum (L.). Scop. (Hong JingTian). MaHuang was used to treat cough, asthma, fever, and edema for more than 5000 years, while Hong JingTian was used to treat depression, fatigue, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies indicate that herbacetin and its glycosides play a critical role in the pharmacological activities of these herbs. However, currently, no comprehensive review on herbacetin has been published yet. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to summarize information on the chemistry, natural sources, and pharmacokinetic features of herbacetin, with an emphasis on its pharmacological activities and possible mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed on the Web of Science, PubMed, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated databases (CNKI) using the search term "herbacetin" ("all fields") from 1935 to 2020. Information was also obtained from classic books of Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese pharmacopeia, and the database "The Plant List" (www.theplantlist.org). Studies have been analyzed and summarized in this review if they dealt with chemistry, taxonomy, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacological activity. RESULTS Herbacetin is distributed in various plants and can be extracted or synthesized. It showed diverse pharmacological activities including antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anticholinesterase. It is thought to have great potential in cancer treatment, especially colon and skin cancers. However, the bioavailability of herbacetin is low and the toxicity of herbacetin has not been studied. Thus, more studies are required to solve these problems. CONCLUSIONS Herbacetin shows promising pharmacological activities against multiple diseases. Future research should focus on improving bioavailability, further studying its pharmacological mechanism, evaluating its toxicity and optimal dose, and performing the clinical assessment. We hope that the present review will serve as a guideline for future research on herbacetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation, Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhejun Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rongheng Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaomei Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation, Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Trejo Rodríguez IS, Alcántara Quintana LE, Algara Suarez P, Ruiz Cabrera MA, Grajales Lagunes A. Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant Capacity, Prebiotic Activity and Anticancer Potential in Human Cells of Jackfruit ( Artocarpus heterophyllus) Seed Flour. Molecules 2021; 26:4854. [PMID: 34443442 PMCID: PMC8398192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The general aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical properties, prebiotic activity and anticancer potential of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seed flour. The drying processes of jackfruit seeds were performed at 50, 60 and 70 °C in order to choose the optimal temperature for obtaining the flour based on drying time, polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. The experimental values of the moisture ratio during jackfruit seed drying at different temperatures were obtained using Page's equation to establish the drying time for the required moisture between 5 and 7% in the flour. The temperature of 60 °C was considered adequate for obtaining good flour and for performing its characterization. The chemical composition, total dietary fiber, functional properties and antioxidant capacity were then examined in the flour. The seed flour contains carbohydrates (73.87 g/100 g), dietary fiber (31 g/100 g), protein (14 g/100 g) and lipids (1 g/100 g). The lipid profile showed that the flour contained monounsaturated (4 g/100 g) and polyunsaturated (46 g/100 g) fatty acids. Sucrose, glucose, and fructose were found to be the predominant soluble sugars, and non-digestible oligosaccharides like 1-kestose were also found. The total polyphenol content was 2.42 mg of gallic acid/g of the sample; furthermore, the antioxidant capacity obtained by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was 901.45 µmol Trolox/100 g and 1607.87 µmol Trolox/100 g, respectively. The obtained flour exhibited good functional properties, such as water and oil absorption capacity, swelling power and emulsifier capacity. Additionally, this flour had a protective and preventive effect which is associated with the potential prebiotic activity in Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum. These results demonstrate that jackfruit seed flour has good nutritional value and antioxidant and prebiotic activity, as well as potential protective effects and functional properties, making it an attractive food or ingredient in developing innovative functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibna Suli Trejo Rodríguez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.S.T.R.); (M.A.R.C.)
- Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78240, Mexico; (L.E.A.Q.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Luz Eugenia Alcántara Quintana
- Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78240, Mexico; (L.E.A.Q.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Paola Algara Suarez
- Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78240, Mexico; (L.E.A.Q.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Miguel Angel Ruiz Cabrera
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.S.T.R.); (M.A.R.C.)
| | - Alicia Grajales Lagunes
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.S.T.R.); (M.A.R.C.)
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15
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Jiménez-Rodríguez A, Heredia-Olea E, Barba-Dávila BA, Gutiérrez-Uribe JA, Antunes-Ricardo M. Polysaccharides from Agave salmiana bagasse improves the storage stability and the cellular uptake of indomethacin nanoemulsions. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Matros A, Houston K, Tucker MR, Schreiber M, Berger B, Aubert MK, Wilkinson LG, Witzel K, Waugh R, Seiffert U, Burton RA. Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic complexity of fructan accumulation patterns in barley grain. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2383-2402. [PMID: 33421064 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We profiled the grain oligosaccharide content of 154 two-row spring barley genotypes and quantified 27 compounds, mainly inulin- and neoseries-type fructans, showing differential abundance. Clustering revealed two profile groups where the 'high' set contained greater amounts of sugar monomers, sucrose, and overall fructans, but lower fructosylraffinose. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a significant association for the variability of two fructan types: neoseries-DP7 and inulin-DP9, which showed increased strength when applying a novel compound ratio-GWAS approach. Gene models within this region included three known fructan biosynthesis genes (fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase, sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase, and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase). Two other genes in this region, 6(G)-fructosyltransferase and vacuolar invertase1, have not previously been linked to fructan biosynthesis and showed expression patterns distinct from those of the other three genes, including exclusive expression of 6(G)-fructosyltransferase in outer grain tissues at the storage phase. From exome capture data, several single nucleotide polymorphisms related to inulin- and neoseries-type fructan variability were identified in fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase and 6(G)-fructosyltransferase genes. Co-expression analyses uncovered potential regulators of fructan biosynthesis including transcription factors. Our results provide the first scientific evidence for the distinct biosynthesis of neoseries-type fructans during barley grain maturation and reveal novel gene candidates likely to be involved in the differential biosynthesis of various types of fructan in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Matros
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kelly Houston
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Miriam Schreiber
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Bettina Berger
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant Accelerator, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew K Aubert
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Laura G Wilkinson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Katja Witzel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Robbie Waugh
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Udo Seiffert
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant Accelerator, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Biosystems Engineering, Fraunhofer IFF, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Rachel A Burton
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Castillo Andrade AI, García Chávez E, Rivera Bautista C, Oros Ovalle C, Ruiz Cabrera MA, Grajales Lagunes A. Influence of Prebiotic Activity of Agave salmiana Fructans on Mucus Production and Morphology Changes in Colonic Epithelium Cell of Healthy Wistar Rats. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:717460. [PMID: 34966396 PMCID: PMC8710659 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.717460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial health of evaluating prebiotic effect by the consumption of Agave salmiana fructans (A. salmiana fructans) was assessed in the epithelium of the cecum and proximal colon of Wistar rats fed at different doses for 35 days with regards to mucus production, morphological cell changes, and the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Results showed a significant increase in mucus-secreting cells (P < 0.05) and a normal structure with preserved crypts, without morphological damage to colonic cells for a dose of 12.5% (w/w) with respect to the control and the other doses evaluated. The concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the groups with doses of 10 and 12.5% (w/w) at 7 and 35 days, respectively. This effect was positively correlated with the reduction of inflammation in epithelial cells. This study provides direct evidence of the effects of the A. salmiana fructans on the colonic epithelium, demonstrating that a diet supplemented with 12.5% of fructans for 35 days exerts health benefits through the strengthening of the mucosa layer, which favors the adherence of the bacterial population and suppresses inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amneris Iraida Castillo Andrade
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Amneris Iraida Castillo Andrade,
| | - Erika García Chávez
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Rivera Bautista
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Cuauhtemoc Oros Ovalle
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Alicia Grajales Lagunes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Alicia Grajales Lagunes,
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Regalado-Rentería E, Aguirre-Rivera JR, Godínez-Hernández CI, García-López JC, Oros-Ovalle AC, Martínez-Gutiérrez F, Martinez-Martinez M, Ratering S, Schnell S, Ruíz-Cabrera MÁ, Juárez-Flores BI. Effects of Agave Fructans, Inulin, and Starch on Metabolic Syndrome Aspects in Healthy Wistar Rats. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10740-10749. [PMID: 32455193 PMCID: PMC7240812 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Healthy Wistar rats were supplemented during 20 weeks with commercial inulin (I) and Agave tequilana fructans (CAT), experimental fructans from A. tequilana (EAT) and A. salmiana (AS) mature stems, rice starch 10% (RS), and standard feed for rodents (C). Feed intake was kept steady, but with I, body weight and abdominal adipose tissue (6.01 g) decreased at the end. Glucose (mg/dL) (C, 120.52; I, 110.69; CAT, 105.75; EAT, 115.48; AS, 101.63; and RS, 121.82), total cholesterol (C, 89.89; I, 64.48; CAT, 68.04; EAT, 68.74; AS, 68.04; and RS, 82), and triglycerides (C, 84.03; I, 59.52; CAT, 68.56; EAT, 59.08; AS, 75.27; and RS, 81.8) kept being normal and without differences between fructans. At the end, there was a significant increase in lactic acid bacteria when the I and AS groups were compared to the C group (C, 9.18; I, 10.64; CAT, 10.34; EAT, 10.36; AS, 10.49; and RS, 9.62 log 10 CFU/g of feces). In addition, with fructans, there was an accelerated process in feces emptiness, Lieberkühn crypts kept their morphology, and there was an increment of goblet cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Regalado-Rentería
- Instituto
de Investigacion de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair200 Fracc. del Llano C.P., 78377 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Juan Rogelio Aguirre-Rivera
- Instituto
de Investigacion de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair200 Fracc. del Llano C.P., 78377 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - César Iván Godínez-Hernández
- Instituto
de Investigacion de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair200 Fracc. del Llano C.P., 78377 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Juan Carlos García-López
- Instituto
de Investigacion de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair200 Fracc. del Llano C.P., 78377 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - A. Cuauhtémoc Oros-Ovalle
- Hospital
Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, Av. Venustiano Carranza No. 2395, C.P., 78290 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Fidel Martínez-Gutiérrez
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P., 78290 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Marco Martinez-Martinez
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P., 78290 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute
of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University,
IFZ, Heinrich-Buff-Ring, 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute
of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University,
IFZ, Heinrich-Buff-Ring, 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Miguel Ángel Ruíz-Cabrera
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P., 78290 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Bertha Irene Juárez-Flores
- Instituto
de Investigacion de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair200 Fracc. del Llano C.P., 78377 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
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Applying Differential Neural Networks to Characterize Microbial Interactions in an Ex Vivo Gastrointestinal Gut Simulator. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of mixed microbial cultures—such as the human gut microbiota—is influenced by a complex interplay of interactions among its community members. The objective of this study was to propose a strategy to characterize microbial interactions between particular members of the community occurring in a simulator of the human gastrointestinal tract used as the experimental system. Four runs were carried out separately in the simulator: two of them were fed with a normal diet (control system), and two more had the same diet supplemented with agave fructans (fructan-supplemented system). The growth kinetics of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Salmonella spp., and Clostridium spp. were assessed in the different colon sections of the simulator for a nine-day period. The time series of microbial concentrations were used to estimate specific growth rates and pair-wise interaction coefficients as considered by the generalized Lotka-Volterra (gLV) model. A differential neural network (DNN) composed of a time-adaptive set of differential equations was applied for the nonparametric identification of the mixed microbial culture, and an optimization technique was used to determine the interaction parameters, considering the DNN identification results and the structure of the gLV model. The assessment of the fructan-supplemented system showed that microbial interactions changed significantly after prebiotics administration, demonstrating their modulating effect on microbial interactions. The strategy proposed here was applied satisfactorily to gain quantitative and qualitative knowledge of a broad spectrum of microbial interactions in the gut community, as described by the gLV model. In the future, it may be utilized to study microbial interactions within mixed cultures using other experimental approaches and other mathematical models (e.g., metabolic models), which will yield crucial information for optimizing mixed microbial cultures to perform certain processes—such as environmental bioremediation or modulation of gut microbiota—and to predict their dynamics.
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