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Zhao X, Li S, Xiang Z. Veratrum nigrum L.: A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, toxicity, and incompatibility. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118219. [PMID: 38663784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Veratrum nigrum L. (V. nigrum) is a well-known herb with a lengthy history of use in Asian and European countries. V. nigrum has been traditionally used to treat epilepsy, hypertension, malignant sores, and stroke, and it possesses emetic and insecticide properties. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review summarized the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, and toxicity of V. nigrum as well as its incompatibility with other herbs. Current challenges in the use of V. nigrum and possible future research directions were also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on V. nigrum was collected from electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang DATA; Masterpieces of Traditional Chinese Medicine; local Chinese Materia Medica Standards; and relevant documents. RESULTS In ethnomedical practice, V. nigrum has been used as an emetic and insecticide. Approximately 137 compounds have been isolated from V. nigrum, including alkaloids, stilbenes, flavonoids, organic acids, and esters. Its crude extracts and compounds have shown various effects, including anticancer, hypotensive, insecticidal, and antimicrobial activities as well as the ability to improve hemorheological abnormalities. Pharmacokinetic studies have indicated that veratramine (VAM) and jervine have high bioavailability and possibly enterohepatic circulation. In addition, the sex-related pharmacokinetic differences in V. nigrum alkaloids warrant further attention. Toxicological studies have indicated that cevanine-type alkaloids and VAM may be the main toxic components of V. nigrum, and purine metabolism disorders may be related to V. nigrum toxicity. Furthermore, the neurotoxicity and embryotoxicity of V. nigrum have also been observed. The quality control of V. nigrum and the mechanism underlying its incompatibility with other herbs also deserve further research and refinement. CONCLUSION This review summarized the existing information on V. nigrum, laying the foundation for further studies on this herb and its safe use. Among the various compounds present in V. nigrum, steroid alkaloids are the most numerous and have high content; furthermore, they are closely related to the pharmacological effects of V. nigrum, but their toxicity can not also be ignored. Given that toxicity is a critical issue limiting the clinical application of V. nigrum, more toxicological studies on V. nigrum and its active ingredients, especially steroid alkaloids, should be conducted in the future to further explore its toxicity targets and the underlying mechanisms and to provide more evidence and recommendations to enhance the safety of its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shiyang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zedong Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Wang L, Li W, Li Y, Chen G, Zhao L, Li W, Wang S, Wang C, Feng Y, Zhang Y. Dried tangerine peel polysaccharide (DTPP) alleviates hepatic steatosis by suppressing TLR4/MD-2-mediated inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107369. [PMID: 38640721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex pathogenic metabolic syndrome characterized by increased inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In recent years, natural polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine have shown significant anti-inflammatory effects, making them an attractive therapeutic option. However, little research has been conducted on the therapeutic potential of dried tangerine peel polysaccharide (DTPP) - one of the most important medicinal resources in China. The results of the present study showed that DTPP substantially reduced macrophage infiltration in vivo and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes. Additionally, surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed that DTPP had a specific affinity to myeloid differentiation factor 2, which consequently suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via interaction with the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. This study provides a potential molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of DTPP on NAFLD and suggests DTPP as a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxi Li
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yinggang Li
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Gengrui Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Wu Li
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Shengwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yanxian Feng
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Qin Z, Huang M, Zhang X, Hua Y, Zhang X, Li X, Fan C, Li R, Yang J. Structural and in vivo-in vitro myocardial injury protection features of two novel polysaccharides from Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130537. [PMID: 38432275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the structural characteristics, in vivo antiatherosclerosis activity, and in vitro myocardial injury protection effects of polysaccharides from Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don. Thus, crude polysaccharides of Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don significantly reduced serum lipid levels, improved cardiac myocyte morphology and arrangement, and relieved the development of myocardial fibrosis. Meanwhile, the lesion areas of the aorta and aortic valve had evident visual improvements. Furthermore, two main novel purified polysaccharides, namely, AMB-1 and ACGD-1, were isolated and characterized from crude Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don fractions, respectively. The purified polysaccharides mainly consisted of fructose and glucose and had molecular weights of 25.22 and 19.53 kDa, respectively. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance data revealed the primary structures of the AMB1 (or ACGD1) backbone with branched side chains. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the purified polysaccharides were both piled together in a lamellar or clastic form with a smooth surface along with linear or irregular bulges. Moreover, the purified polysaccharides both showed nontoxicity on H9c2 cells and effectively dropped hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis by the BCL-2/BAX pathway. Overall, the characterization of the structural properties and in vivo and in vitro myocardial injury protection effects of Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don polysaccharides enriched our understanding of their nutritional and medicinal values. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of Allium chinense G. Don polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Meixia Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuzhuo Hua
- College of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xinqiang Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Cailian Fan
- College of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China
| | - Renfeng Li
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Xue H, Zhang P, Zhang C, Gao Y, Tan J. Research progress in the preparation, structural characterization, and biological activities of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129923. [PMID: 38325677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines are tremendous sources of polysaccharides, which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food, and cosmetics. This review aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides (TCMPs), and the chemical structure, biological activities (anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, intestinal flora regulation, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and other activities), and the underlying mechanisms of polysaccharides extracted from 76 diverse traditional Chinese medicines were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 164 scientific articles were searched from the database including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network. This comprehensive survey from previous reports indicates that TCMPs are non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and good biodegradability. Besides, this review highlights that TCMPs may be excellent functional factors and effective therapeutic drugs. Finally, the current problems and future research advances of TCMPs are also introduced. New valuable insights for the future researches regarding TCMPs are also proposed in the fields of therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Pengqi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Can Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Heilongjiang University, No.74 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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Li X, Ji W, Wu S, Qian C, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Li D. The isolation, characterization and biological activities of the non-glucan polysaccharides from the high-starch-content plant Pueraria mirifica. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129709. [PMID: 38286380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The dried root of Pueraria mirifica (P. mirifica) is an edible foodstuff widely used in Asian countries. P. mirifica is known for its high starch content. The isolation of polysaccharides from high-starch plant parts is challenging due to the interference of starch. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a technique for isolating and investigating the structure and activity of non-glucan polysaccharides from P. mirifica (PMP). An effective starch removal process was developed using α-amylase hydrolysis and thorough membrane dialysis. Four non-glucan polysaccharides were isolated, and PMP-2 was subjected to structural elucidation. The results indicated that PMP-2 has a molecular weight of 124.4 kDa and that arabinose and galactose are the main components, accounting for 27.8 % and 58.5 %, respectively. Methylation and NMR analysis suggested that PMP-2 is an Arabinogalactan composed of 1,6-linked Galp and 1,4-linked Galp as the main chain, with arabinan and rhamnose as side chains. Furthermore, PMP-C and PMP-2 exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activities against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals and certain immunomodulatory activities related to the release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6. These findings suggest that PMP-2 has potential therapeutically active ingredient in functional foods. The developed method successfully removed starch and isolated non-glucan polysaccharides from the high-starch content plant P. mirifica and can be applied to other high-starch plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wen Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuye Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Cuiyin Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jianqin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Duxin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Park JS, Han JM, Park YS, Shin YN, Shin YR, Chun BS, Lee HJ. Optimization and evaluation of Atrina pectinata polysaccharides recovered by subcritical water extraction: A promising path to natural products. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129130. [PMID: 38181917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the recovery of Atrina pectinata posterior adductor polysaccharides (APP-PS) using subcritical water extraction (SWE) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and the physicochemical and biological properties of the recovered APP-PS were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions, which resulted in a maximum yield of 55.58 ± 1.12 %, were temperature, 152.08 °C; extraction time, 10 min; solid-liquid ratio, 30 g/600 mL. The obtained APP-PS was found to be 88.05 ± 0.17 % total sugar. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed the presence of the α-coordination of D-glucan in the polymer sample. The analysis of monosaccharide composition, along with thermogravimetric analysis, revealed the typical structure of the sample, composed of glucose alone. Total phenolic contents of APP-PS were measured as 5.47 ± 0.01 mg Gallic acid/g of dry sample and total flavonoids contents were determined to be 0.78 ± 0.06 mg Quercetin/g of dry sample. For biological activities, ABTS+, DPPH and FRAP antioxidant activities were measured to be 20.00 ± 0.71, 2.35 ± 0.05 and 4.02 ± 0.07 μg Trolox equivalent/100 g of dry sample, respectively. Additionally ACE inhibitory was confirmed to be 87.02 ± 0.47 %. These results showed that SWE is an effective method to recover biofunctional materials from marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Han
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Na Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ryeon Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Chun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Jeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Republic of Korea.
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Gong MQ, Lai FF, Chen JZ, Li XH, Chen YJ, He Y. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, applications, and quality control of Gastrodia elata Blume: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117128. [PMID: 37689324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata) has a long historical application in Asian countries and its tubers, seeds, and stalks are capable of being utilized for medicine, food, or health care products. AIM OF THE REVIEW This study aimed to offer a systematic and up-to-date analysis of the current review of the G. elata research advances in traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, applications, and quality control, as well as a scientific reference for the development and utilization of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, and CNKI were used for the collection of publications on G. elata. The following keywords of G. elata were used truncated with other relevant topic terms, such as phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, glycosides, neuroprotection, learning and memory improvement effects, cardioprotection, applications, and quality control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Approximately 134 chemical components mainly categorizing as phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, glycosides, organic acids, and sterols were reported from this plant. Moreover, preclinical studies indicated that G. elata performs several functions, including neuroprotection, learning and memory improvement effects, cardioprotection, vaso-modulatory effect, anti-depression, anti-cancer, and other effects. Currently, G. elata has been widely applied to clinics and foods. The available literature shows that the quality of G. elata might be affected by factors such as origin, fungus, and harvest time, which will have an impact on the drug efficacy. According to past research, G. elata is a potential medicinal and edible plant with several active components and pharmacological activity that has a high application value in medicine and the food business. Nevertheless, few studies have concentrated on characterization of polysaccharides structure and study of non-medicinal parts, implying that further comprehensive research on its polysaccharides structure and non-medicinal parts is critical for full utilization of resources of G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Fei-Fan Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jian-Zhen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Ya-Jie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Yang D, Cheng X, Fan M, Xie D, Liu Z, Zheng F, Dai Y, Pi Z, Yue H. Regulation of polysaccharide in Wu-tou decoction on intestinal microflora and pharmacokinetics of small molecular compounds in AIA rats. Chin Med 2024; 19:9. [PMID: 38218825 PMCID: PMC10787407 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Wu-tou decoction (WTD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It works by controlling intestinal flora and its metabolites, which in turn modulates the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function. Small molecular compounds (SM) and polysaccharides (PS) were the primary constituents of WTD extract. In this work, a model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats was established and treated with WTD, SM, and PS, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to examine the regulatory impact of the various groups on the disturbance of the gut flora induced by RA. Further, since PS cannot be absorbed into the blood, the influence of PS on the absorption and metabolism of SM was studied by examining their pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of 23 active components in SM by UPLC-MS/MS. WTD was found to be more effective than PS and SM in alleviating arthritis in AIA rats, which may be related to changes in gut flora. The PK properties of 13 active compounds were altered after PS intervene. Based on the findings, PS may be able to manage the disruption of intestinal microbiota, enhance the intestinal environment of model animals, and hence influence SM absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xiaoxu Cheng
- Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Meiling Fan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Provincal Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yulin Dai
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zifeng Pi
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Hao Yue
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Liao G, Liu W, Dai Y, Shi X, Liu Y, Li D, Xu T. Beneficial effects of flavonoids on animal models of atherosclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. iScience 2023; 26:108337. [PMID: 38026172 PMCID: PMC10665821 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases that seriously endanger human health. The existing treatment drugs are effective, but they have some side effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that flavonoids have attracted wide attention due to their multiple cardioprotective effects and fewer side effects. PubMed, Web of Science database, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies evaluating the effects of flavonoids against atherosclerosis. 119 studies published from August 1954 to April 2023 were included. Random-effects models were performed for synthesis. Compared with the control group, flavonoids significantly reduced longitudinal and cross-sectional plaque area. The findings indicated that flavonoids significantly reduced the concentrations of serum TC, TG, and LDL-C and increased serum HDL-C concentrations. Besides, flavonoids reduced the levels of circulating pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and increased the serum IL-10 level. This study provides evidence for the potential cardiovascular benefits of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Liao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wanlu Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yiming Dai
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiangxiang Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dongye Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tongda Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Zhou L, Wang X, Sun Z, Bao X, Xue L, Xu Z, Dong P, Xia J. Study on the mechanism of Shenkang injection in the treatment of chronic renal failure based on the strategy of "Network pharmacology-Molecular docking-Key target validation". PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291621. [PMID: 37796994 PMCID: PMC10553805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanism of Shenkang injection (SKI) in the treatment of chronic renal failure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, and to verify the core targets and key pathways by using the renal failure model. METHODS The active components and targets of Shenkang injection were retrieved by TCMSP database, and the disease related targets were obtained by OMIM, GeneCards and other databases. Then, the intersection was obtained, and were imported into String database for PPI analysis. After further screening of core targets, GO and KEGG analysis were performed. Autodock software was used to predict the molecular docking and binding ability of the selected active ingredients and core targets. Chronic renal failure (CRF) model was established by adenine induction in rats, and the pathological observation of renal tissues was conducted. Meanwhile, the effects of Shenkang injection and its active components on core targets and pathways of renal tissues were verified. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology showed that the main components of Shenkang injection might be hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA)、tanshinol、rheum emodin、Astragaloside IV. Through enrichment analysis of core targets, it was found that Shenkang injection may play an anti-chronic renal failure effect through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that the above pharmacodynamic components had strong binding ability with the target proteins PI3K and Akt. The results of animal experiments showed that renal function indexes of Shenkang injection group and pharmacodynamic component group were significantly improved compared with model group. HE staining results showed that the pathological status of the kidney was significantly improved in SKI and pharmacodynamic component treatment groups. Immunohistochemical results showed that the renal fibrosis status was significantly reduced in SKI and pharmacodynamic component treatment groups. q-RTPCR and WB results showed that the expression levels of PI3K and Akt were significantly decreased in the treatment groups (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Shenkang injection may inhibit PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to play an anti-chronic renal failure role through the pharmacodynamic component hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), tanshinol, rheum emodin, Astragaloside IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lianping Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhanmei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Dong
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinlan Xia
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Lamptey RNL, Sun C, Layek B, Singh J. Neurogenic Hypertension, the Blood-Brain Barrier, and the Potential Role of Targeted Nanotherapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032213. [PMID: 36768536 PMCID: PMC9916775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major health concern globally. Elevated blood pressure, initiated and maintained by the brain, is defined as neurogenic hypertension (NH), which accounts for nearly half of all hypertension cases. A significant increase in angiotensin II-mediated sympathetic nervous system activity within the brain is known to be the key driving force behind NH. Blood pressure control in NH has been demonstrated through intracerebrovascular injection of agents that reduce the sympathetic influence on cardiac functions. However, traditional antihypertensive agents lack effective brain permeation, making NH management extremely challenging. Therefore, developing strategies that allow brain-targeted delivery of antihypertensives at the therapeutic level is crucial. Targeting nanotherapeutics have become popular in delivering therapeutics to hard-to-reach regions of the body, including the brain. Despite the frequent use of nanotherapeutics in other pathological conditions such as cancer, their use in hypertension has received very little attention. This review discusses the underlying pathophysiology and current management strategies for NH, as well as the potential role of targeted therapeutics in improving current treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Buddhadev Layek
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-701-231-7906 (B.L.); +1-701-231-7943 (J.S.); Fax: +1-701-231-8333 (B.L. & J.S.)
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-701-231-7906 (B.L.); +1-701-231-7943 (J.S.); Fax: +1-701-231-8333 (B.L. & J.S.)
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12
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Lin Y, Zhang Y, Wang D, Yang B, Shen YQ. Computer especially AI-assisted drug virtual screening and design in traditional Chinese medicine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154481. [PMID: 36215788 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a significant part of the global pharmaceutical science, the abundant molecular compounds it contains is a valuable potential source of designing and screening new drugs. However, due to the un-estimated quantity of the natural molecular compounds and diversity of the related problems drug discovery such as precise screening of molecular compounds or the evaluation of efficacy, physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics, it is arduous for researchers to design or screen applicable compounds through old methods. With the rapid development of computer technology recently, especially artificial intelligence (AI), its innovation in the field of virtual screening contributes to an increasing efficiency and accuracy in the process of discovering new drugs. PURPOSE This study systematically reviewed the application of computational approaches and artificial intelligence in drug virtual filtering and devising of TCM and presented the potential perspective of computer-aided TCM development. STUDY DESIGN We made a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Then screening the most typical articles for our research. METHODS The systematic review was performed by following the PRISMA guidelines. The databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI were used to search for publications that focused on computer-aided drug virtual screening and design in TCM. RESULT Totally, 42 corresponding articles were included in literature reviewing. Aforementioned studies were of great significance to the treatment and cost control of many challenging diseases such as COVID-19, diabetes, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), etc. Computational approaches and AI were widely used in virtual screening in the process of TCM advancing, which include structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) and ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS). Besides, computational technologies were also extensively applied in absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) prediction of candidate drugs and new drug design in crucial course of drug discovery. CONCLUSIONS The applications of computer and AI play an important role in the drug virtual screening and design in the field of TCM, with huge application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Shokrani H, Shokrani A, Sajadi SM, Khodadadi Yazdi M, Seidi F, Jouyandeh M, Zarrintaj P, Kar S, Kim SJ, Kuang T, Rabiee N, Hejna A, Saeb MR, Ramakrishna S. Polysaccharide-based nanocomposites for biomedical applications: a critical review. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:1136-1160. [PMID: 35881463 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (PSA) have taken specific position among biomaterials for advanced applications in medicine. Nevertheless, poor mechanical properties are known as the main drawback of PSA, which highlights the need for PSA modification. Nanocomposites PSA (NPSA) are a class of biomaterials widely used as biomedical platforms, but despite their importance and worldwide use, they have not been reviewed. Herein, we critically reviewed the application of NPSA by categorizing them into generic and advanced application realms. First, the application of NPSA as drug and gene delivery systems, along with their role in the field as an antibacterial platform and hemostasis agent is discussed. Then, applications of NPSA for skin, bone, nerve, and cartilage tissue engineering are highlighted, followed by cell encapsulation and more critically cancer diagnosis and treatment potentials. In particular, three features of investigations are devoted to cancer therapy, i.e., radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and photothermal therapy, are comprehensively reviewed and discussed. Since this field is at an early stage of maturity, some other aspects such as bioimaging and biosensing are reviewed in order to give an idea of potential applications of NPSA for future developments, providing support for clinical applications. It is well-documented that using nanoparticles/nanomaterials above a critical concentration brings about concerns of toxicity; thus, their effect on cellular interactions would become critical. We compared nanoparticles used in the fabrication of NPSA in terms of toxicity mechanism to shed more light on future challenging aspects of NPSA development. Indeed, the neutralization mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials, which are expected to be induced by PSA introduction, should be taken into account for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Shokrani
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Shokrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 625, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China.
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Saptarshi Kar
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Seok-Jhin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Tairong Kuang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Alexander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge, Crescent 119260, Singapore.
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14
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Xue H, Li P, Bian J, Gao Y, Sang Y, Tan J. Extraction, purification, structure, modification, and biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides: A review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005181. [PMID: 36159471 PMCID: PMC9505017 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), as the unique natural resource, are rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols, proteins, amino acid, fats, vitamins, and other components. Hence, TCM have high medical and nutritional values. Polysaccharides are one of the most important active components in TCM. Growing reports have indicated that TCM polysaccharides (TCMPs) have various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-aging, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. Hence, the research progresses and future prospects of TCMPs must be systematically reviewed to promote their better understanding. The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive and systematic recombinant information on the extraction, purification, structure, chemical modification, biological activities, and potential mechanism of TCMPs to support their therapeutic effects and health functions. The findings provide new valuable insights and theoretical basis for future research and development of TCMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayue Bian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yumei Sang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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15
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Comparative Analysis of the Phenolic Profile of Lycium barbarum L. Fruits from Different Regions in China. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185842. [PMID: 36144578 PMCID: PMC9501245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum L. (LB) fruits have high nutritive values and therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the differences in phenolic composition of LB fruits from different geographical regions. Different methods of characterization and statistical analysis of data showed that different geographic sources of China could be significantly separated from each other. The highest total phenolic compound (TPC) content was observed in LB fruits from Ningxia (LBN), followed by those from Gansu (LBG) and Qinghai (LBQ). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of LB fruits revealed that LBQ had a peak at 2972 cm−1 whereas there was no similar peak in LBG and LBQ. A new HPLC method was established for the simultaneous determination of 8 phenolic compounds by quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker (QAMS), including 4 phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, and ferulic acid), 1 coumarin (scopoletin), and 3 flavonoids (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, rutin, and narcissoside). It was showed that rutin was the most dominant phenolic compound in LBQ, although the average content of 4 phenolic acids was also high in LBQ, and scopoletin was the richest in LBG. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to qualitatively analyze the phenolics, which showed LBN was abundant in phenolic acids, LBQ was rich in flavonoids, and coumarins were the most plentiful in LBG. In conclusion, this study can provide references for the quality control and evaluation of phenolics in LB fruits and their by-products.
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16
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The Regulatory Roles of Polysaccharides and Ferroptosis-Related Phytochemicals in Liver Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112303. [PMID: 35684103 PMCID: PMC9182636 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a global health burden with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Liver injuries can develop into severe end-stage diseases, such as cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, without valid treatment. Therefore, identifying novel drugs may promote liver disease treatment. Phytochemicals, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenes, are abundant in foods and medicinal plants and have various bioactivities, such as antioxidation, immunoregulation, and tumor killing. Recent studies have shown that many natural polysaccharides play protective roles in liver disease models in vitro and in vivo, such as fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, and liver cancer. The mechanisms of liver disease are complex. Notably, ferroptosis, a new type of cell death driven by iron and lipid peroxidation, is considered to be the key mechanism in many hepatic pathologies. Therefore, polysaccharides and other types of phytochemicals with activities in ferroptosis regulation provide novel therapeutic strategies for ferroptosis-related liver diseases. This review summarizes our current understanding of the mechanisms of ferroptosis and liver injury and compelling preclinical evidence of natural bioactive polysaccharides and phytochemicals in treating liver disease.
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17
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Hui H, Gao W. Physicochemical features and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Herba Patriniae by gradient ethanol precipitation. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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18
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Su W, Wu L, Liang Q, Lin X, Xu X, Yu S, Lin Y, Zhou J, Fu Y, Gao X, Zhang B, Li L, Li D, Yin Y, Song G. Extraction Optimization, Structural Characterization, and Anti-Hepatoma Activity of Acidic Polysaccharides From Scutellaria barbata D. Don. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:827782. [PMID: 35444545 PMCID: PMC9014130 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.827782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese medicinal herb Scutellaria barbata D. Don has antitumour effects and is used to treat liver cancer in the clinic. S. barbata polysaccharide (SBP), one of the main active components extracted from S. barbata D. Don, exhibits antitumour activity. However, there is still a lack of research on the extraction optimization, structural characterization, and anti-hepatoma activity of acidic polysaccharides from S. barbata D. Don. In this study, the optimal extraction conditions for SBP were determined by response surface methodology (RSM): the material-liquid ratio was 1:25, the extraction time was 2 h, and the extraction temperature was 90°C. Under these conditions, the average extraction efficiency was 3.85 ± 0.13%. Two water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated from S. barbata D. Don, namely, SBP-1A and SBP-2A, these homogeneous acidic polysaccharide components with average molecular weights of 1.15 × 105 Da and 1.4 × 105 Da, respectively, were obtained at high purity. The results showed that the monosaccharide constituents of the two components were fucose, galactosamine hydrochloride, rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine hydrochloride, galactose, glucose, xylose, and mannose; the molar ratio of these constituents in SBP-1A was 0.6:0.3:0.6:30.6:3.3:38.4:16.1:8:1.4, and that in SBP-2A was 0.6:0.5:0.8:36.3:4.4:42.7:9.2:3.6:0.7. In addition, SBP-1A and SBP-2A contained uronic acid and β-glucan, and the residue on the polysaccharide was mainly pyranose. The in vitro results showed that the anti-hepatoma activity of SBP-2A was better than that of SBP-1A and SBP. In addition, SBP-2A significantly enhanced HepG2 cell death, as cell viability was decreased, and SBP-2A induced HepG2 cell apoptosis and blocked the G1 phase. This phenomenon was coupled with the upregulated expression of P53 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as the downregulated expression of the cell cycle-regulating protein cyclinD1, CDK4, and Bcl-2 in this study. Further analysis showed that 50 mg/kg SBP-2A inhibited the tumour growth in H22 tumour-bearing mice, with an average inhibition rate of 40.33%. Taken together, SBP-2A, isolated and purified from S. barbata showed good antitumour activity in vivo and in vitro, and SBP-2A may be a candidate drug for further evaluation in cancer prevention. This study provides insight for further research on the molecular mechanism of the anti-hepatoma activity of S. barbata polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Leilei Wu
- Collage of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Qichao Liang
- Collage of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Lin
- The First Clinical College of Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- The First Clinical College of Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shikai Yu
- Collage of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yitong Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Collage of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Mudanjiang Cancer Hospital, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Li Li
- Collage of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yongkui Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Gaochen Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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19
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Zhang S, Fan H, Yi C, Li Y, Yang K, Liu S, Cheng Z, Sun J. Assembly encapsulation of BSA and CCCH-ZAP in the sodium alginate/atractylodis macrocephalae system. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12600-12606. [PMID: 35480363 PMCID: PMC9040642 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01767a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger antiviral proteins (ZAP) can significantly inhibit the replication of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), but the traditional method of ZAP administration is by injection, which can easily cause stress effects in chickens. In this work, we established a sodium alginate/atractylodis macrocephalae system for the encapsulation of CCCH-type zinc finger antiviral protein (CCCH-ZAP). Because of the high cost of ZAP, we first chose bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein to investigate the encapsulation performance. The SEM images clearly confirmed that BSA and the sodium alginate/atractylodis macrocephalae system can assemble easily to form relatively stable nanostructures, and the encapsulation amount of BSA can reach 68%. Subsequently, the encapsulation of ZAP was studied. The SEM and the encapsulation experiments confirmed that ZAP can also be assembly encapsulated in the sodium alginate/atractylodis macrocephalae system with the encapsulation amount of 80%. Release studies showed that the SA/AM-ZAP nanocomposite was able to achieve a release rate of 32% of ZAP. This work successfully confirms the assembly encapsulation of ZAP, which will be beneficial for the usage of ZAP-based animal drugs. ZAP and BSA can be encapsulated in the sodium alginate/atractylodis macrocephalae system using an assembly method.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Hai Fan
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Chunrong Yi
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Kunmei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Shenglong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong PR China
| | - Jianchao Sun
- School of Environment and Materials Engineering, Yantai University Yantai 264005 Shandong PR China
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20
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Zhang M, Yang L, Zhu M, Yang B, Yang Y, Jia X, Feng L. Moutan Cortex polysaccharide ameliorates diabetic kidney disease via modulating gut microbiota dynamically in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:849-860. [PMID: 35307460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine positively affect diabetic kidney disease (DKD) mainly through modulating gut microbiota. Previously, we demonstrated that supplementation with the polysaccharide from Moutan Cortex (MC-Pa) alleviated DKD in rats. The study intends to investigate the dynamic modulation of MC-Pa on DKD from the gut microbiota perspective. The DKD rat model was induced by a high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were then supplemented with MC-Pa (80 and 160 mg/kg BW) for 12 weeks. The results showed that MC-Pa administration relieved hyperglycemia and renal injury in DKD rats. MC-Pa also reconstructed gut microbiota, improved intestinal barrier function, reduced serum proinflammatory mediators, and elevated the short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) contents. In addition, the dynamics of Lactobacillus and Muribaculaceae_unclassified were in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Spearman correlation analysis found that a cluster of gut microbiota phyla and genera were significantly associated with DKD-related indicators. These results demonstrated that MC-Pa positively affected DKD rats by modulating gut microbiota dynamically and had potential as a prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Licheng Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Maomao Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China.
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China.
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Zhu X, Sun M, Guo H, Lu G, Gu J, Zhang L, Shi L, Gao J, Zhang D, Wang W, Liu J, Wang X. Verbascoside protects from LPS-induced septic cardiomyopathy via alleviating cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress and regulating mitochondrial dynamics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113327. [PMID: 35203005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verbascoside (VB), as an active component of multiple medicinal plants, has been proved to exert anti-oxidative, anti-aging and neuroprotective effects. This study was designed to investigate whether VB could play a cardioprotective role in septic heart injury. METHODS Mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 mg/kg) to induce sepsis. The treatment group received an intraperitoneally injection of VB (20 mg/kg) before LPS challenge. Transthoracic echocardiography, ELISA, immunofluorescence, and qPCR were performed to assess the effect of VB on heart function, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Transmission electronic microscopy and immunoblotting were used to evaluate the mitochondrial morphology and biogenesis of the septic heart. In vitro experiments were also performed to repeat above-mentioned assays. RESULTS Compared with LPS group, the VB treatment group showed improved cardiac function in sepsis. VB alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Specifically, VB could restore sepsis-induced mitochondrial alterations via regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. These results were also confirmed in in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION Verbascoside could protected from sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, as well as promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanfeng Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Sun
- Hypertension Research Institute of Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongmei Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Gan Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Licheng Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China.
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22
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Rang Y, Liu H, Liu C. Potential for non-starch polysaccharides in the prevention and remediation of cognitive impairment: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:182-195. [PMID: 35301004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) are food ingredients proven to be beneficial in a large number of health issues. However, there is no literature systematic review about the effects and corresponding mechanisms of NSPs on the prevention and remediation of cognitive impairment. In this review, studies on prevention and remediation of NSPs for cognitive deficit caused by diseases, menopause, ageing, chronic stress and environmental pollutants were summarized and the corresponding mechanisms were established. The anti-cognitive deficit effects of NSPs were associated with the modulation of amyloid β (Aβ) deposition, p-Tau aggregation, oxidative stress, inflammation, neuron apoptosis, neurogenesis, neurotransmitters, synaptic plasticity, autophagy and gut microbiota. Although the structure-function relationship has not been elucidated, several structural properties of NSPs such as molecular weight, sulfate content, hydroxyl group content, monosaccharide composition and molecular chain linkage might be crucial for the anti-cognitive deficit property. Notably, this review revealed that NSPs had a positive effect on cognitive impairment and proposed the future perspectives for further research on the anti-cognitive dysfunction effects of NSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Rang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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23
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Han L, Cong C, Yanbo F, Hao L, Tsitsilin A, Chunmei W, He L, Jianguang C, Jinghui S. Comparative Study of the Components and Anti-Fatigue Effect of Schisandra chinensis Polysaccharides from China and Russia. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221076979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis Bail. polysaccharides from China (CSP) and Russia (RSP) were separated by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography. The content of neutral polysaccharide was determined by the phenol concentrated sulfuric acid method, the content of acid polysaccharide by the hydroxybiphenyl method, and the monosaccharide composition and molecular weight arrangement of CSP and RSP by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) pre-column derivatization HPLC. The effects of CSP and RSP on the exercise endurance of mice were compared by the forelimb grip strength test, rota-rod test and weight-bearing swimming. The results showed that one neutral polysaccharide and three acidic polysaccharides could be eluted from a DEAE-52 cellulose column from CSP and RSP, respectively. The content of acidic and neutral polysaccharides in RSP was higher than that in CSP, and the anti-fatigue effect of RSP was more significant than that of CSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Han
- Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Chen Cong
- Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | | | - Lin Hao
- Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Andrey Tsitsilin
- All Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow 117216, Russia
| | | | - Li He
- Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
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