1
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Winters C, Carsi M, Sanchis MJ, Culebras M, Collins MN. On the design of lignin reinforced acrylic acid/hyaluronic acid adhesive hydrogels with conductive PEDOT:HA nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133093. [PMID: 38866291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are of great importance in biomedical engineering. They possess the ability to mimic bodily soft tissues, and this allows exciting possibilities for applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery and wound healing, however much work remains on stability and mechanical robustness to allow for translation to clinical applications. The work herein describes the synthesis and analysis of a biocompatible, versatile hydrogel that has tailorable swelling, high stability when swollen and thermal stability. The synthesis methods used produce a hydrogel with high elasticity, good mechanical properties and rapid crosslinking whilst displaying biocompatibility, adhesion, and conductivity. It has been shown that cell viability in the samples is above 80 % in all cases, a Young's Modulus of up to 85 kPa and high swelling degrees were achieved. These materials show potential for use in numerous applications such as adhesive sensors, skin grafts and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitriona Winters
- Stokes Labs, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Marta Carsi
- Instituto de Automática E Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria J Sanchis
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada, Instituto Tecnológico de La Energía, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera S/N, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Culebras
- Institute of Material Science (ICMUV), University of Valencia, 46980, Spain
| | - Maurice N Collins
- Stokes Labs, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland; SFI AMBER Centre, University of Limerick, Ireland.
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2
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Khadem E, Ghafarzadeh M, Kharaziha M, Sun F, Zhang X. Lignin derivatives-based hydrogels for biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129877. [PMID: 38307436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Recently, numerous studies have been conducted on renewable polymers derived from different natural sources, exploring their suitability for diverse biomedical applications. Lignin as one of the main components of lignocellulosic has garnered significant attention as a promising alternative to petroleum-based polymers. This interest is primarily due to its cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, eco-friendly nature, as well as its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These characteristics could be more beneficial when incorporating lignin into the formulation of value-added products. Although lignin has a chemical structure that is suitable for various applications, these characteristics require modifications to guarantee that the resultant materials display the desired biological, chemical, and physical properties when applied in the creation of biodegradable hydrogels, particularly for biomedical purposes. This study delineates the recent modification approaches that have been employed in the creation of lignin-based hydrogels. These strategies encompass both chemical and physical interactions with other polymers. Additionally, this review encompasses an examination of the current applications of lignin hydrogels, spanning their use as scaffolds for tissue engineering, carriers for pharmaceuticals, materials for wound dressings and biosensors, and elements in flexible and wearable electronics. Finally, we delve into the challenges and constraints associated with these materials, discuss the necessary steps required to attain the appropriate properties for the development of innovative lignin-based hydrogels, and derive conclusions based on the presented findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khadem
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghafarzadeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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3
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Kushwaha R, Dey S, Gupta K, Mandal BB, Das D. Secondary Chemical Cross-Linking to Improve Mechanical Properties in a Multifaceted Biocompatible Strain Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5183-5195. [PMID: 38235678 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
A new conductive and transparent organohydrogel is developed with high stretchability, excellent mechanical, self-healing, antifreezing, and adhesive properties. A simple one-pot polymerization method is used to create polyacrylamide cross-linked through N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAA) and divinylbenzene (DVB). The dual chemical cross-linked gel network is complemented by several physical cross-links via hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction. Multiple chemical and physical cross-links are used to construct the gel network that allows toughness (171 kPa), low modulus (≈45 kPa), excellent stretchability (>1100%), and self-healing ability. The use of appropriate proportions of the water/glycerol binary solvent system ensures efficient environment tolerance (-20 to 40 °C). Phytic acid is used as a conductive filler that provides excellent conductivity and contributes to the physical cross-linking. Dopamine is incorporated in the gel matrix, which endows excellent adhesive property of the gel. The organohydrogel-based strain sensors are developed with state-independent properties, highly linear dependence, and excellent antifatigue performance (>100 cycles). Moreover, during the practical wearable sensing tests, human motions can be detected, including speaking, smiling, and joint movement. Additionally, the sensor is biocompatible, indicating the potential applications for the next generation of epidermal sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritvika Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Souradeep Dey
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Kanika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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4
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Fazeli M, Mukherjee S, Baniasadi H, Abidnejad R, Mujtaba M, Lipponen J, Seppälä J, Rojas OJ. Lignin beyond the status quo: recent and emerging composite applications. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2024; 26:593-630. [PMID: 38264324 PMCID: PMC10802143 DOI: 10.1039/d3gc03154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The demand for biodegradable materials across various industries has recently surged due to environmental concerns and the need for the adoption of renewable materials. In this context, lignin has emerged as a promising alternative, garnering significant attention as a biogenic resource that endows functional properties. This is primarily ascribed to its remarkable origin and structure that explains lignin's capacity to bind other molecules, reinforce composites, act as an antioxidant, and endow antimicrobial effects. This review summarizes recent advances in lignin-based composites, with particular emphasis on innovative methods for modifying lignin into micro and nanostructures and evaluating their functional contribution. Indeed, lignin-based composites can be tailored to have superior physicomechanical characteristics, biodegradability, and surface properties, thereby making them suitable for applications beyond the typical, for instance, in ecofriendly adhesives and advanced barrier technologies. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in the field of lignin utilization in emerging composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Fazeli
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Sritama Mukherjee
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Division of Fiber and Polymer Technology, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56-58 SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hossein Baniasadi
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
| | - Roozbeh Abidnejad
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Muhammad Mujtaba
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd P.O. Box 1000 Espoo FI-02044 Finland
| | - Juha Lipponen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Jukka Seppälä
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Espoo Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
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5
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Zhang Y, Tang Q, Zhou J, Zhao C, Li J, Wang H. Conductive and Eco-friendly Biomaterials-based Hydrogels for Noninvasive Epidermal Sensors: A Review. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:191-218. [PMID: 38052003 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
As noninvasive wearable electronic devices, epidermal sensors enable continuous, real-time, and remote monitoring of various human physiological parameters. Conductive biomaterials-based hydrogels as sensor matrix materials have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and efficient stimulus response capabilities and are widely applied in motion monitoring, healthcare, and human-machine interaction. However, biomass hydrogel-based epidermal sensing devices still need excellent mechanical properties, prolonged stability, multifunctionality, and extensive practicality. Therefore, this paper reviews the common biomass hydrogel materials for epidermal sensing (proteins, polysaccharides, polyphenols, etc.) and the various types of noninvasive sensing devices (strain/pressure sensors, temperature sensors, glucose sensors, electrocardiograms, etc.). Moreover, this review focuses on the strategies of scholars to enhance sensor properties, such as strength, conductivity, stability, adhesion, and self-healing ability. This work will guide the preparation and optimization of high-performance biomaterials-based hydrogel epidermal sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qianhui Tang
- School of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Junyang Zhou
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chenghao Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jingpeng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Haiting Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
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6
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Wen J, Wu Y, Gao Y, Su Q, Liu Y, Wu H, Zhang H, Liu Z, Yao H, Huang X, Tang L, Shi Y, Song P, Xue H, Gao J. Nanofiber Composite Reinforced Organohydrogels for Multifunctional and Wearable Electronics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:174. [PMID: 37420043 PMCID: PMC10328881 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Composite organohydrogels have been widely used in wearable electronics. However, it remains a great challenge to develop mechanically robust and multifunctional composite organohydrogels with good dispersion of nanofillers and strong interfacial interactions. Here, multifunctional nanofiber composite reinforced organohydrogels (NCROs) are prepared. The NCRO with a sandwich-like structure possesses excellent multi-level interfacial bonding. Simultaneously, the synergistic strengthening and toughening mechanism at three different length scales endow the NCRO with outstanding mechanical properties with a tensile strength (up to 7.38 ± 0.24 MPa), fracture strain (up to 941 ± 17%), toughness (up to 31.59 ± 1.53 MJ m-3) and fracture energy (up to 5.41 ± 0.63 kJ m-2). Moreover, the NCRO can be used for high performance electromagnetic interference shielding and strain sensing due to its high conductivity and excellent environmental tolerance such as anti-freezing performance. Remarkably, owing to the organohydrogel stabilized conductive network, the NCRO exhibits superior long-term sensing stability and durability compared to the nanofiber composite itself. This work provides new ideas for the design of high-strength, tough, stretchable, anti-freezing and conductive organohydrogels with potential applications in multifunctional and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchuan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidi Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hechuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanqi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuewu Huang
- Testing Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Longcheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, 4300, Australia
| | - Huaiguo Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Wang Q, Gao J, Liu S, Wang Y, Wu L. Lignin nanoparticle reinforced multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol/polyurethane composite hydrogel with excellent mechanical, UV-blocking, rheological and thermal properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123338. [PMID: 36706881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we innovatively synthesized a multifunctional PVA/PU-LNP composite hydrogel with integrated distinguished UV-blocking, mechanical strength, dynamic viscoelasticity and thermal properties by introducing lignin nanoparticle (LNP) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyurethane (PU) mixed matrix through freeze-thaw cycle. The rigid porous network structure was established by hydrogen bond interactions among the well-distributed LNP and PVA/PU molecular chains, which endowed excellent mechanical strength, viscoelasticity, thermal stability and flexibility with PVA/PU-LNP composite hydrogel. The elongation at break and tensile strength of PVA/PU-LNP composite hydrogel were markedly improved from 227.3 % and 247.1 KPa to 460.1 % and 950.4 KPa with the LNP loading of 2 % based on PVA weight, respectively. Meanwhile, PVA/PU-2%LNP hydrogel exhibited prominent compressive resistance and pleasing shape recovery capability. Moreover, the blending of LNP at a low dosage (0.5 %) based on PVA weight effectively shielded 99.34 % of UV light and penetrated 42.27 % of visible light, indicating that PVA/PU-LNP composite hydrogel demonstrated outstanding anti-UV performance. In addition, the incorporation of LNP caused a remarkable decline in the pore size of PVA/PU-LNP composite hydrogel (4.39 ± 0.46 μm to 1.54 ± 0.22 μm), which slightly reduced water uptake capacity of composite hydrogel. Therefore, this work provided a new approach to constructing a multifunctional composite hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Jia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, China.
| | - Yingchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, China; Green Processes Research Centre and Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
| | - Liran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
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Bok M, Zhao ZJ, Hwang SH, Ahn J, Ko J, Jung JY, Lee J, Jeon S, Jeong JH. Functional Asymmetry-Enabled Self-Adhesive Film via Phase Separation of Binary Polymer Mixtures for Soft Bio-Integrated Electronics. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18157-18167. [PMID: 36240045 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible adhesive films are important for many applications (e.g., wearable devices, implantable devices, and attachable sensors). In particular, achieving self-adhesion on one side of a film with biocompatible materials is a compelling goal in adhesion science. Herein, we report a simple and easy manufacturing process using water-soluble hyaluronic acid (HA) that allows adhesiveness on only one side using binary polymer mixtures based on a phase-separation strategy with an elastomer. HA influx allows for the entangled polymer chains of the elastomer to spontaneously deform, permitting tunable mechanical elasticity, conformability, and adhesion. The proposed adhesive film enables the transfer of nanopatterning and the attachment of various surfaces without the use of additional chemicals. In addition, the film can be used for measuring epidermal biopotential and for skin fixation of drug devices. Therefore, the developed facile asymmetric adhesion can block the interferences of other materials on the unnecessary adhesion side, providing considerable potential for the development of functional, multifunctional, and smart bioadhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonjeong Bok
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Pidu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610097, China
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Junseong Ahn
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jiwoo Ko
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yun Jung
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeon
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Jeong
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, South Korea
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9
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Mondal AK, Xu D, Wu S, Zou Q, Lin W, Huang F, Ni Y. Lignin-containing hydrogels with anti-freezing, excellent water retention and super-flexibility for sensor and supercapacitor applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:77-90. [PMID: 35691432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We developed a highly conductive and flexible, anti-freezing sulfonated lignin (SL)-containing polyacrylic acid (PAA) (SL-g-PAA-Ni) hydrogel, with a high concentration of NiCl2. Ni2+ contributes multi-functions to the preparation of the hydrogel and its final properties, such as fast polymerization reaction as a result of the presence of redox pairs of Ni3+/Ni2+ and hydroquinone/quinone, and anti-freezing properties of the hydrogel due to the salt effects of NiCl2 so that at -20 °C the hydrogel shows similar properties to those at the room temperature. Thanks to the effective coordinations of Ni2+ with catecholic groups and carboxylic groups, as well as the rich hydrogen bonding capacity, the resultant hydrogel possesses excellent mechanical properties. High ionic conductivity (6.85 S·m-1) of the hydrogel is obtained due to the supply of high concentration of Ni2+. Moreover, the ionic solvation effect of NiCl2 in the hydrogel imparts excellent water retention ability, with water retention of ~93 % after 21-day storage. The SL-g-PAA-Ni hydrogel can accurately detect various human motions at -20 °C. The supercapacitor assembled from SL-g-PAA-Al hydrogel at -20 °C manifests a high specific capacitance of 252 F·g-1, with maximum energy density of 26.97 Wh·kg-1, power density of 2667 W·kg-1, and capacitance retention of 96.7 % after 3000 consecutive charge-discharge cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajoy Kanti Mondal
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Institute of Fuel Research and Development, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Dezhong Xu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qiuxia Zou
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Weijie Lin
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Yonghao Ni
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton E3B 5A3, Canada.
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