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Waitzfelder B, Palaniappan L, Varga A, Frankland TB, Li J, Daida YG, Kaholokula JK, Bacong AM, Rawlings AM, Chung S, Howick C, Fortmann SP. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease among Asian, Pacific Islander and multi-race populations in Hawai'i and California. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:885. [PMID: 37189145 PMCID: PMC10184427 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the US. CVD incidence is influenced by many demographic, clinical, cultural, and psychosocial factors, including race and ethnicity. Despite recent research, there remain limitations on understanding CVD health among Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs), particularly some subgroups and multi-racial populations. Combining diverse API populations into one study group and difficulties in defining API subpopulations and multi-race individuals have hampered efforts to identify and address health disparities in these growing populations. METHODS The study cohort was comprised of all adult patients at Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i and Palo Alto Medical Foundation in California during 2014-2018 (n = 684,363). EHR-recorded ICD-9 and ICD-10 diagnosis codes were used to indicate coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), and overall CVD. Self-reported race and ethnicity data were used to construct 12 mutually exclusive single and multi-race groups, and a Non-Hispanic White (NHW) comparison group. Logistic regression models were used to derive prevalence estimates, odds ratios, and confidence intervals for the 12 race/ethnicity groups. RESULTS The prevalence of CHD and PVD varied 4-fold and stroke and overall CVD prevalence varied 3-fold across API subpopulations. Among Asians, the Filipino subgroup had the highest prevalence of all three CVD conditions and overall CVD. Chinese people had the lowest prevalence of CHD, PVD and overall CVD. In comparison to Native Hawaiians, Other Pacific Islanders had significantly higher prevalence of CHD. For the multi-race groups that included Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, the prevalence of overall CVD was significantly higher than that for either single-race Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders. The multi-race Asian + White group had significantly higher overall CVD prevalence than both the NHW group and the highest Asian subgroup (Filipinos). CONCLUSIONS Study findings revealed significant differences in overall CVD, CHD, stroke, and PVD among API subgroups. In addition to elevated risk among Filipino, Native Hawaiian, and Other Pacific Islander groups, the study identified particularly elevated risk among multi-race API groups. Differences in disease prevalence are likely mirrored in other cardiometabolic conditions, supporting the need to disaggregate API subgroups in health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Waitzfelder
- Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Varga
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, 3800 N. Interstate Ave., Portland, OR, 97227, USA
| | - Timothy B Frankland
- Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Center for Health Systems Research, Sutter Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yihe G Daida
- Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | - Andreea M Rawlings
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, 3800 N. Interstate Ave., Portland, OR, 97227, USA
| | | | - Connor Howick
- Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Stephen P Fortmann
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, 3800 N. Interstate Ave., Portland, OR, 97227, USA.
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, USA.
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Incidence and Predictors of Mortality among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Malaysia: A 5 Years Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158943. [PMID: 35897315 PMCID: PMC9331297 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
With older adults accounting for 10.7% of the Malaysian population, determining the predictors of mortality has now become crucial. Thus, this community-based longitudinal study aimed to investigate the predictors for mortality among community-dwelling older adults using a wide range of factors, including clinical or subclinical. A total of 2322 older adults were interviewed and assessed by trained fieldworkers using validated structured questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of information on socio-demographic characteristics, health status, neuropsychological and psychosocial functions, lifestyle, dietary intake and biophysical measures. The incidence rate of mortality was 2.9 per 100 person-years. Cox regression analysis indicated that advancing age (Adjusted Hazard Ratio, Adj HR = 1.044, 95% CI: 1.024–1.064), male (Adj HR = 1.937, 95% CI: 1.402–2.675), non-married status (Adj HR = 1.410, 95% CI: 1.078–1.843), smoking (Adj HR = 1.314, 95% CI: 1.004–1.721), a higher fasting blood sugar (Adj HR = 1.075, 95% CI: 1.029–1.166), a lower serum albumin (Adj HR = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.905–0.990), a longer time to complete the TUG test (Adj HR = 1.059, 95% CI: 1.022–1.098), and a lower intake of total dietary fibre (Adj HR = 0.911, 95% CI: 0.873–0.980) were the predictors of mortality in this study. These findings provide an estimated rate of multiethnic mortality in middle-income countries and diet is one of the predictors. These predictors of mortality could be a reference in identifying new public health strategies to ensure longer healthier life spans with lower disability rate among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia.
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Timmermans E, Motoc I, Noordzij JM, Beenackers MA, Wissa R, Sarr A, Gurer A, Fabre G, Ruiz M, Doiron D, Oude Groeniger J, Deeg D, Van Lenthe FJ, Huisman M. Social and physical neighbourhood characteristics and loneliness among older adults: results from the MINDMAP project. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:464-469. [PMID: 33154148 PMCID: PMC8053323 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness is associated with several adverse mental and physical health outcomes in older adults. Previous studies have shown that a variety of individual-level and perceived area-level characteristics are associated with loneliness. This study examined the associations of objectively measured social and physical neighbourhood characteristics with loneliness. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from 1959 older adults (63-98 years) who participated in the Longitudinal Ageing Study Amsterdam (LASA; wave 2011/12) and the Health and Living Conditions of the Population of Eindhoven and Surroundings study (GLOBE; wave 2014) in the Netherlands. Study-specific loneliness scores were harmonised across both cohort studies and divided into tertiles denoting low, medium and high levels of loneliness. Objectively measured neighbourhood characteristics, including area-level percentages of low educated residents, social security beneficiaries and unoccupied dwellings, average income, crime levels and land use mix, were linked to individual-level data. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of interest. RESULTS There was no statistical evidence for an association of the included neighbourhood characteristics with loneliness. Although not statistically significant, the observed associations suggested that participants living in neighbourhoods with more heterogeneous land use mix were less likely to have a medium and high level of loneliness than those living in more homogeneous neighbourhoods in terms of land use mix (ORmedium=0.54, 95% CI=0.18-1.67; ORhigh=0.67, 95% CI=0.21-2.11). CONCLUSION The results indicate that the included objectively measured social and physical neighbourhood characteristics are not associated with loneliness in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Timmermans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Motoc
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Mark Noordzij
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marielle A Beenackers
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Wissa
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Aliou Sarr
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Asli Gurer
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guillaume Fabre
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Milagros Ruiz
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dany Doiron
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Joost Oude Groeniger
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Administration and Sociology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorly Deeg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wey TW, Doiron D, Wissa R, Fabre G, Motoc I, Noordzij JM, Ruiz M, Timmermans E, van Lenthe FJ, Bobak M, Chaix B, Krokstad S, Raina P, Sund ER, Beenackers MA, Fortier I. Overview of retrospective data harmonisation in the MINDMAP project: process and results. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 75:433-441. [PMID: 33184054 PMCID: PMC8053335 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background The MINDMAP project implemented a multinational data infrastructure to investigate the direct and interactive effects of urban environments and individual determinants of mental well-being and cognitive function in ageing populations. Using a rigorous process involving multiple teams of experts, longitudinal data from six cohort studies were harmonised to serve MINDMAP objectives. This article documents the retrospective data harmonisation process achieved based on the Maelstrom Research approach and provides a descriptive analysis of the harmonised data generated. Methods A list of core variables (the DataSchema) to be generated across cohorts was first defined, and the potential for cohort-specific data sets to generate the DataSchema variables was assessed. Where relevant, algorithms were developed to process cohort-specific data into DataSchema format, and information to be provided to data users was documented. Procedures and harmonisation decisions were thoroughly documented. Results The MINDMAP DataSchema (v2.0, April 2020) comprised a total of 2841 variables (993 on individual determinants and outcomes, 1848 on environmental exposures) distributed across up to seven data collection events. The harmonised data set included 220 621 participants from six cohorts (10 subpopulations). Harmonisation potential, participant distributions and missing values varied across data sets and variable domains. Conclusion The MINDMAP project implemented a collaborative and transparent process to generate a rich integrated data set for research in ageing, mental well-being and the urban environment. The harmonised data set supports a range of research activities and will continue to be updated to serve ongoing and future MINDMAP research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina W Wey
- Maelstrom Research, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dany Doiron
- Maelstrom Research, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rita Wissa
- Maelstrom Research, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guillaume Fabre
- Maelstrom Research, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Irina Motoc
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Mark Noordzij
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Milagros Ruiz
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Erik Timmermans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Martin Bobak
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Nemesis research team, Paris, France
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway.,Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Parminder Raina
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Labarge Centre for Mobility in Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Erik Reidar Sund
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway.,Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway.,Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord Universitet-Levanger Campus, Levanger, Norway
| | - Marielle A Beenackers
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isabel Fortier
- Maelstrom Research, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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Hossin MZ, Koupil I, Falkstedt D. Early life socioeconomic position and mortality from cardiovascular diseases: an application of causal mediation analysis in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026258. [PMID: 31209086 PMCID: PMC6588973 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantify the mediating impact of adult social and behavioural mechanisms in the association between childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality by employing a weighting approach to mediation analysis. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Stockholm County, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS 19 720 individuals who participated in the Stockholm Public Health Cohort survey in 2002 and were older than 40 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was CVD mortality. Non-CVD mortality was additionally analysed for comparison. METHODS Study subjects were followed in routine registers from 2002 to 2011 for mortality. Data on father's SEP and adult social and behavioural factors came from questionnaire survey. The inverse odds weighting method was used to estimate the total effect, the natural direct effect and the natural indirect effect (NIE) in Poisson regression models. All results were adjusted for gender, age, country of birth and marital status. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data. RESULTS The total effect of manual versus non-manual father's SEP on CVD mortality was estimated as an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.24 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.41). When the social and behavioural factors were accounted for, the IRR for the NIE was 1.09 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.14), suggesting a mediation of 44% of the total effect. As for non-CVD mortality, father's manual SEP was associated with 1.15 fold excess risk (IRR: 1.15; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.27) of which the effect represented by the whole set of mediators was 1.06 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.10). CONCLUSION Adult social and behavioural factors had a considerable mediating effect on the early life social origin of mortality from CVDs and other causes. Future research employing causal mediation analysis may nevertheless have to consider additional factors for a fuller understanding of the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilona Koupil
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm Universitet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Falkstedt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mawditt C, Sacker A, Britton A, Kelly Y, Cable N. Social influences on health-related behaviour clustering during adulthood in two British birth cohort studies. Prev Med 2018; 110:67-80. [PMID: 29428172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Building upon evidence linking socio-economic position (SEP) in childhood and adulthood with health-related behaviours (HRB) in adulthood, we examined how pre-adolescent SEP predicted membership of three HRB clusters: "Risky", "Moderate Smokers" and "Mainstream" (the latter pattern consisting of more beneficial HRBs), that were detected in our previous work. Data were taken from two British cohorts (born in 1958 and 1970) in pre-adolescence (age 11 and 10, respectively) and adulthood (age 33 and 34). SEP constructs in pre-adolescence and adulthood were derived through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Conceptualised paths from pre-adolescent SEP to HRB cluster membership via adult SEP in our path models were tested for statistical significance separately by gender and cohort. Adult SEP mediated the path between pre-adolescent SEP and adult HRB clusters. More disadvantaged SEP in pre-adolescence predicted more disadvantaged SEP in adulthood which was associated with membership of the "Risky" and "Moderate Smokers" clusters compared to the "Mainstream" cluster. For example, large positive indirect effects between pre-adolescent SEP and adult HRB via adult SEP were present (coefficient 1958 Women = 0.39; 1970 Women = 0.36, 1958 Men = 0.51; 1970 Men = 0.39; p < 0.01) when comparing "Risky" and "Mainstream" cluster membership. Amongst men we found a small significant direct association (p < 0.001) between pre-adolescent SEP and HRB cluster membership. Our findings suggest that associations between adult SEP and HRBs are not likely to be pre-determined by earlier social circumstances, providing optimism for interventions relevant to reducing social gradients in HRBs. Observing consistent findings across the cohorts implies the social patterning of adult lifestyles may persist across time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Mawditt
- International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Amanda Sacker
- International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Annie Britton
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Yvonne Kelly
- International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Noriko Cable
- International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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Nordendahl E, Kjellström B, Fored C, Ekbom A, Svensson T, Norhammar A, Gustafsson A. Invasive Dental Treatment and Risk for a First Myocardial Infarction. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1100-1105. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034518767834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive dental treatment is suggested to be associated with an increased risk for the development of cardiovascular events. We tested the hypothesis that the incidence of a first myocardial infarction (MI) within 4 wk after invasive dental treatments is increased. A registry-based case-control study within nationwide health care and population registries in Sweden was performed. The case patients included 51,880 individuals with a first fatal or nonfatal MI between January 2011 and December 2013. For each case, 5 control subjects, free from prior MI and matched for age, sex, and geographic area of residence, were randomly selected from the national population registry through risk set sampling with replacement, resulting in 246,978 control subjects. Information on dental treatments was obtained from the Dental Health Register, and the procedures were categorized into invasive dental treatments or other dental treatments. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for MI with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In addition to the matching variables, adjustments were made for the following confounders: diabetes, previous cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD drug treatment, education, and income. The mean age for case patients and controls subjects was 72.6 ± 13.0 y and 72.3 ± 13.0 y, respectively. Case patients more often had previous CVD (49% vs. 23%; P < 0.001) and diabetes (19% vs. 11%; P < 0.001) and received more treatment with CVD drugs (68% vs. 56%; P < 0.001) than control subjects. There was no association between invasive dental treatments during the 4 wk preceding the MI index date (crude OR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.06; adjusted for confounders OR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.06). This study did not support the hypothesis of an increased incidence of MI after recent invasive dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Nordendahl
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - B. Kjellström
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - C.M. Fored
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - A. Ekbom
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - T. Svensson
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - A. Norhammar
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Capio S:t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Gustafsson
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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8
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Beenackers MA, Doiron D, Fortier I, Noordzij JM, Reinhard E, Courtin E, Bobak M, Chaix B, Costa G, Dapp U, Diez Roux AV, Huisman M, Grundy EM, Krokstad S, Martikainen P, Raina P, Avendano M, van Lenthe FJ. MINDMAP: establishing an integrated database infrastructure for research in ageing, mental well-being, and the urban environment. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:158. [PMID: 29351781 PMCID: PMC5775623 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Urbanization and ageing have important implications for public mental health and well-being. Cities pose major challenges for older citizens, but also offer opportunities to develop, test, and implement policies, services, infrastructure, and interventions that promote mental well-being. The MINDMAP project aims to identify the opportunities and challenges posed by urban environmental characteristics for the promotion and management of mental well-being and cognitive function of older individuals. Methods MINDMAP aims to achieve its research objectives by bringing together longitudinal studies from 11 countries covering over 35 cities linked to databases of area-level environmental exposures and social and urban policy indicators. The infrastructure supporting integration of this data will allow multiple MINDMAP investigators to safely and remotely co-analyse individual-level and area-level data. Individual-level data is derived from baseline and follow-up measurements of ten participating cohort studies and provides information on mental well-being outcomes, sociodemographic variables, health behaviour characteristics, social factors, measures of frailty, physical function indicators, and chronic conditions, as well as blood derived clinical biochemistry-based biomarkers and genetic biomarkers. Area-level information on physical environment characteristics (e.g. green spaces, transportation), socioeconomic and sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. neighbourhood income, residential segregation, residential density), and social environment characteristics (e.g. social cohesion, criminality) and national and urban social policies is derived from publically available sources such as geoportals and administrative databases. The linkage, harmonization, and analysis of data from different sources are being carried out using piloted tools to optimize the validity of the research results and transparency of the methodology. Discussion MINDMAP is a novel research collaboration that is combining population-based cohort data with publicly available datasets not typically used for ageing and mental well-being research. Integration of various data sources and observational units into a single platform will help to explain the differences in ageing-related mental and cognitive disorders both within as well as between cities in Europe, the US, Canada, and Russia and to assess the causal pathways and interactions between the urban environment and the individual determinants of mental well-being and cognitive ageing in older adults. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5031-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariëlle A Beenackers
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dany Doiron
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Fortier
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - J Mark Noordzij
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erica Reinhard
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emilie Courtin
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Bobak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Basile Chaix
- Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Costa
- Epidemiology Unit, ASL TO3, Piedmont Region, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ulrike Dapp
- Geriatrics Centre, Scientific Department at the University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Albertinen-Haus, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emily M Grundy
- Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway.,Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Parminder Raina
- Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Mauricio Avendano
- Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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9
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Life course socioeconomic adversities and 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease: cross-sectional analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. Int J Public Health 2016; 62:283-292. [PMID: 27913814 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-016-0928-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether life course exposure to adverse socioeconomic positions (SEP) as well as maintaining a low SEP or decreasing the SEP intra- and intergeneration was associated with an increased 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk predicted by the Framingham Risk Score. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data (2008-2010) of 13,544 active workers from ELSA-Brasil cohort. Maternal education, leg length, social class of first occupation and education were used to evaluate childhood, youth and adulthood SEP. RESULTS After considering adulthood SEP, exposure to early-life low SEP remained associated with an increased 10-year CVD risk. The 10-year CVD risk also rose as the number of exposures to low SEP throughout life increased. Compared to individuals in high-stable intragenerational trajectory, those in upward, downward, or stable low trajectory presented higher 10-year CVD risk. Increasing individuals' SEP over generation showed no increased risk of 10-year CVD risk compared to individuals in high-stable trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Childhood may be a critical period for exposures to social adversities. Life course low SEP may also affect the 10-year CVD risk via accumulation of risk and social mobility.
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Juneau CE, Benmarhnia T, Poulin AA, Côté S, Potvin L. Socioeconomic position during childhood and physical activity during adulthood: a systematic review. Int J Public Health 2015; 60:799-813. [PMID: 26298440 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A growing body of evidence links socioeconomic position early in life and physical activity during adulthood. This systematic review aimed to summarize this evidence. METHODS Medline and EMBASE were searched for studies that assessed socioeconomic position before age 18 years and physical activity at age ≥18 years. Studies were rated according to three key methodological quality criteria: (1) was childhood socioeconomic position assessed prospectively? (2) Was socioeconomic position during adulthood included in the statistical analysis? (3) Was a validated instrument used to measure of physical activity? RESULTS Forty-two publications were included. Twenty-six (61.9 %) found a significant association between socioeconomic position early in life and physical activity during adulthood. Twenty-one studies met at least two methodological quality criteria. Among those, the proportion was higher: 15/21 (71.4 %). Associations were of weak to moderate strength, positive for physical activity during leisure time, and negative for transports and work. CONCLUSIONS The bulk of the evidence supports the notion that there is a life course association between socioeconomic position early in life and physical activity during adulthood. Studies using more rigorous methodology supported this conclusion more consistently.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Juneau
- École de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - T Benmarhnia
- École de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - A A Poulin
- École de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - S Côté
- École de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - L Potvin
- École de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Elhakeem A, Cooper R, Bann D, Hardy R. Childhood socioeconomic position and adult leisure-time physical activity: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:92. [PMID: 26138985 PMCID: PMC4501082 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) benefits health and is thought to be less prevalent in lower socioeconomic groups. Evidence suggests that childhood socioeconomic circumstances can impact on adult health and behaviour however, it is unclear if this includes an influence on adult LTPA. This review tested the hypothesis that a lower childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with less frequent LTPA during adulthood. Studies were located through a systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus and by searching reference lists. Eligible studies were English-language publications testing the association between any indicator of childhood SEP and an LTPA outcome measured during adulthood. Forty-five papers from 36 studies, most of which were European, were included. In most samples, childhood SEP and LTPA were self-reported in midlife. Twenty-two studies found evidence to support the review's hypothesis and thirteen studies found no association. Accounting for own adult SEP partly attenuated associations. There was more evidence of an association in British compared with Scandinavian cohorts and in women compared with men. Results did not vary by childhood SEP indicator or age at assessment of LTPA. This review found evidence of an association between less advantaged childhood SEP and less frequent LTPA during adulthood. Understanding how associations vary by gender and place could provide insights into underlying pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elhakeem
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
| | - Rachel Cooper
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Institute of Education, 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, UK.
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
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López-González ÁA, Bennasar-Veny M, Tauler P, Aguilo A, Tomàs-Salvà M, Yáñez A. Desigualdades socioeconómicas y diferencias según sexo y edad en los factores de riesgo cardiovascular. GACETA SANITARIA 2015; 29:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Ten-year (2002-2012) cardiovascular disease incidence and all-cause mortality, in urban Greek population: the ATTICA Study. Int J Cardiol 2014; 180:178-84. [PMID: 25463360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The 10-year incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, as well as its determinants, in a sample of men and women from Greece, was evaluated. METHODS From May 2001 to December 2002, 1514 men and 1528 women (>18y) without any clinical evidence of CVD or any other chronic disease, at baseline, living in greater Athens area, in Greece, were enrolled. In 2011-12, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 2583 participants (15% of the participants were lost to follow-up). Incidence of fatal or non-fatal CVD (coronary heart disease, acute coronary syndromes, stroke, or other CVD) was defined according to World Health Organization (WHO)-International Coding Diseases (ICD)-10 criteria. RESULTS The 10-year CVD incidence was 19.7% in men and 11.7% in women (p<0.001). Multi-adjusted analysis revealed that the determinants of CVD events were increased age (Hazard ratio (HR) per year=1.06, 95%Confidence Interval (CI): 1.04, 1.08), male sex (HR=1.40, 95%CI: 0.90, 2.19), smoking (HR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.27), C-reactive protein levels (HR per 1mg/L=1.06, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.15), as well as adherence to Mediterranean diet (protective) (HR per 1/55 units=0.98, 95%CI: 0.95, 1.01). CONCLUSION The burden of CVD and its related risk factors is at emerging rates, in Greece, making the need for effective public health actions, more necessary than ever before.
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Owen N, Salmon J, Koohsari MJ, Turrell G, Giles-Corti B. Sedentary behaviour and health: mapping environmental and social contexts to underpin chronic disease prevention. Br J Sports Med 2014; 48:174-7. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-093107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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