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Repova K, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Stanko P, Aziriova S, Reiter RJ, Simko F. Melatonin as a Potential Approach to Anxiety Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416187. [PMID: 36555831 PMCID: PMC9788115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental diseases. Anxiety and the associated physical symptoms may disturb social and occupational life and increase the risk of somatic diseases. The pathophysiology of anxiety development is complex and involves alterations in stress hormone production, neurosignaling pathways or free radical production. The various manifestations of anxiety, its complex pathophysiological background and the side effects of available treatments underlie the quest for constantly seeking therapies for these conditions. Melatonin, an indolamine produced in the pineal gland and released into the blood on a nightly basis, has been demonstrated to exert anxiolytic action in animal experiments and different clinical conditions. This hormone influences a number of physiological actions either via specific melatonin receptors or by receptor-independent pleiotropic effects. The underlying pathomechanism of melatonin's benefit in anxiety may reside in its sympatholytic action, interaction with the renin-angiotensin and glucocorticoid systems, modulation of interneuronal signaling and its extraordinary antioxidant and radical scavenging nature. Of importance, the concentration of this indolamine is significantly higher in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood. Thus, ensuring sufficient melatonin production by reducing light pollution, which suppresses melatonin levels, may represent an endogenous neuroprotective and anxiolytic treatment. Since melatonin is freely available, economically undemanding and has limited side effects, it may be considered an additional or alternative treatment for various conditions associated with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Stanko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 83305 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-(0)2-59357276
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Repova K, Stanko P, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Aziriova S, Hrenak J, Barta A, Zorad S, Reiter RJ, Adamcova M, Simko F. Lactacystin-induced kidney fibrosis: Protection by melatonin and captopril. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:978337. [PMID: 36176443 PMCID: PMC9513205 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.978337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactacystin is a specific proteasome inhibitor that blocks the hydrolysis of intracellular proteins by ubiquitin/proteasome system inhibition. The administration of lactacystin to rats induced hypertension and remodeling of the left ventricle and aorta. This study tested whether lactacystin induces structural and fibrotic rebuilding of the kidneys and whether melatonin and captopril can prevent these potential changes. Six weeks of lactacystin administration to rats increased their average systolic blood pressure (SBP). In the kidneys, lactacystin reduced glomerular density, increased the glomerular tuft area, and enhanced hydroxyproline concentrations. It also elevated the intraglomerular proportion including the amounts of collagen (Col) I and Col III. Lactacystin also raised the tubulointerstitial amounts of Col I and the sum of Col I and Col III with no effect on vascular/perivascular collagen. Six weeks of captopril treatment reduced SBP, while melatonin had no effect. Both melatonin and captopril increased glomerular density, reduced the glomerular tuft area, and lowered the hydroxyproline concentration in the kidneys. Both drugs reduced the proportion and total amounts of intraglomerular and tubulointerstitial Col I and Col III. We conclude that chronic lactacystin treatment stimulated structural and fibrotic remodeling of the kidneys, and melatonin and captopril partly prevented these alterations. Considering the effect of lactacystin on both the heart and kidneys, chronic treatment with this drug may be a prospective model of cardiorenal damage suitable for testing pharmacological drugs as protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Stanko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Andrej Barta
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Fedor Simko,
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McCarty MF. Nutraceutical, Dietary, and Lifestyle Options for Prevention and Treatment of Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073321. [PMID: 33805039 PMCID: PMC8037104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although well documented drug therapies are available for the management of ventricular hypertrophy (VH) and heart failure (HF), most patients nonetheless experience a downhill course, and further therapeutic measures are needed. Nutraceutical, dietary, and lifestyle measures may have particular merit in this regard, as they are currently available, relatively safe and inexpensive, and can lend themselves to primary prevention as well. A consideration of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the VH/HF syndrome suggests that measures which control oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, that support effective nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide bioactivity, that prevent a reduction in cardiomyocyte pH, and that boost the production of protective hormones, such as fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), while suppressing fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and marinobufagenin, may have utility for preventing and controlling this syndrome. Agents considered in this essay include phycocyanobilin, N-acetylcysteine, lipoic acid, ferulic acid, zinc, selenium, ubiquinol, astaxanthin, melatonin, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, berberine, citrulline, high-dose folate, cocoa flavanols, hawthorn extract, dietary nitrate, high-dose biotin, soy isoflavones, taurine, carnitine, magnesium orotate, EPA-rich fish oil, glycine, and copper. The potential advantages of whole-food plant-based diets, moderation in salt intake, avoidance of phosphate additives, and regular exercise training and sauna sessions are also discussed. There should be considerable scope for the development of functional foods and supplements which make it more convenient and affordable for patients to consume complementary combinations of the agents discussed here. Research Strategy: Key word searching of PubMed was employed to locate the research papers whose findings are cited in this essay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, 811 B Nahant Ct., San Diego, CA 92109, USA
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Simko F, Hrenak J, Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Reiter RJ. Melatonin as a putative protection against myocardial injury in COVID-19 infection. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:921-924. [PMID: 32893686 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1814141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University , Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University , Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Hrenak
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University , Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital - University Hospital of Bern , Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio , San Antonio, TX, USA
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Xu L, Su Y, Zhao Y, Sheng X, Tong R, Ying X, Gao L, Ji Q, Gao Y, Yan Y, Yuan A, Wu F, Lan F, Pu J. Melatonin differentially regulates pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy: Crucial role of circadian nuclear receptor RORα signaling. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12579. [PMID: 30958896 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy provides protection against cardiovascular disease, whereas disease-induced pathological hypertrophy leads to heart failure. Emerging evidence suggests pleiotropic roles of melatonin in cardiac disease; however, the effects of melatonin on physiological vs pathological cardiac hypertrophy remain unknown. Using swimming-induced physiological hypertrophy and pressure overload-induced pathological hypertrophy models, we found that melatonin treatment significantly improved pathological hypertrophic responses accompanied by alleviated oxidative stress in myocardium but did not affect physiological cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress levels. As an important mediator of melatonin, the retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor-α (RORα) was significantly decreased in human and murine pathological hypertrophic cardiomyocytes, but not in swimming-induced physiological hypertrophic murine hearts. In vivo and in vitro loss-of-function experiments indicated that RORα deficiency significantly aggravated pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and notably weakened the anti-hypertrophic effects of melatonin. Mechanistically, RORα mediated the cardioprotection of melatonin in pathological hypertrophy mainly by transactivation of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) via binding to the RORα response element located in the promoter region of the MnSOD gene. Furthermore, MnSOD overexpression reversed the pro-hypertrophic effects of RORα deficiency, while MnSOD silencing abolished the anti-hypertrophic effects of RORα overexpression in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence that melatonin exerts an anti-hypertrophic effect on pathological but not physiological cardiac hypertrophy via alleviating oxidative stress through transactivation of the antioxidant enzyme MnSOD in a RORα-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xincheng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyang Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Ying
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqi Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ancai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fujian Wu
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Lan
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Ministry of Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Simko F, Adamcova M. What prevents cardioprotective drugs from reaching the market? Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018; 11:463-465. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1447924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, BMC, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
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Simko F, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Repova K, Aziriova S, Zorad S, Poglitsch M, Adamcova M, Reiter RJ, Paulis L. Effect of Melatonin on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in l-NAME-Induced Hypertension. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020265. [PMID: 29382124 PMCID: PMC6017142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a dominant player in several cardiovascular pathologies. This study investigated whether alterations induced by l-NAME, (NLG)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, and the protective effect of melatonin are associated with changes in the RAAS. Four groups of 3-month-old male Wistar rats (n = 10) were treated as follows for four weeks: untreated controls, rats treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg/day), rats treated with l-NAME (40 mg/kg/day), and rats treated with l-NAME + melatonin. l-NAME administration led to hypertension and left ventricular (LV) fibrosis in terms of enhancement of soluble, insoluble and total collagen concentration and content. Melatonin reduced systolic blood pressure enhancement and lowered the concentration and content of insoluble and total collagen in the LV. The serum concentration of angiotensin (Ang) 1–8 (Ang II) and its downstream metabolites were reduced in the l-NAME group and remained unaltered by melatonin. The serum aldosterone level and its ratio to Ang II (AA2-ratio) were increased in the l-NAME group without being modified by melatonin. We conclude that l-NAME-hypertension is associated with reduced level of Ang II and its downstream metabolites and increased aldosterone concentration and AA2-ratio. Melatonin exerts its protective effect in l-NAME-induced hypertension without affecting RAAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 83305 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | | | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Ludovit Paulis
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Center for Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Ma T, Tao J, Yang M, He C, Tian X, Zhang X, Zhang J, Deng S, Feng J, Zhang Z, Wang J, Ji P, Song Y, He P, Han H, Fu J, Lian Z, Liu G. An AANAT/ASMT transgenic animal model constructed with CRISPR/Cas9 system serving as the mammary gland bioreactor to produce melatonin-enriched milk in sheep. J Pineal Res 2017; 63. [PMID: 28273380 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin as a potent antioxidant exhibits important nutritional and medicinal values. To produce melatonin-enriched milk will benefit the consumers. In this study, a sheep bioreactor which generates melatonin-enriched milk has been successfully developed by the technology that combined CRISPR/Cas9 system and microinjection. The AANAT and ASMT were cloned from pineal gland of Dorper sheep (Ovis aries). The in vitro studies found that AANAT and ASMT were successfully transferred to the mammary epithelial cell lines and significantly increased melatonin production in the culture medium compared to the nontransgenic cell lines. In addition, the Cas9 mRNA, sgRNA, and the linearized vectors pBC1-AANAT and pBC1-ASMT were co-injected into the cytoplasm of pronuclear embryos which were implanted into ewes by oviducts transferring. Thirty-four transgenic sheep were generated with the transgenic positive rate being roughly 35% which were identified by Southern blot and sequencing. Seven carried transgenic AANAT, two carried ASMT, and 25 carried both of AANAT and ASMT genes. RT-PCR and Western blot demonstrated that the lambs expressed these genes in their mammary epithelial cells and these animals produced melatonin-enriched milk. This is the first report to show a functional AANAT and ASMT transgenic animal model which produce significantly high levels of melatonin milk compared to their wild-type counterparts. The advanced technologies used in the study laid a foundation for generating large transgenic livestock, for example, the cows, which can produce high level of melatonin milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingli Tao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiu He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuzhi Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Shoulong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyun Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingli He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Juncai Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Correlations of Serum Cyclophilin A and Melatonin Concentrations with Hypertension-induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:526-534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Simko F, Pechanova O, Repova K, Aziriova S, Krajcirovicova K, Celec P, Tothova L, Vrankova S, Balazova L, Zorad S, Adamcova M. Lactacystin-Induced Model of Hypertension in Rats: Effects of Melatonin and Captopril. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1612. [PMID: 28757582 PMCID: PMC5578004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactacystin is a proteasome inhibitor that interferes with several factors involved in heart remodelling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the chronic administration of lactacystin induces hypertension and heart remodelling and whether these changes can be modified by captopril or melatonin. In addition, the lactacystin-model was compared with NG-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)- and continuous light-induced hypertension. Six groups of three-month-old male Wistar rats (11 per group) were treated for six weeks as follows: control (vehicle), L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day), continuous light (24 h/day), lactacystin (5 mg/kg/day) alone, and lactacystin with captopril (100 mg/kg/day), or melatonin (10 mg/kg/day). Lactacystin treatment increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) and induced fibrosis of the left ventricle (LV), as observed in L-NAME-hypertension and continuous light-hypertension. LV weight and the cross-sectional area of the aorta were increased only in L-NAME-induced hypertension. The level of oxidative load was preserved or reduced in all three models of hypertension. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the LV and kidney was unchanged in the lactacystin group. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expression in the LV was increased in all treated groups in the cytoplasm, however, in neither group in the nucleus. Although melatonin had no effect on SBP, only this indolamine (but not captopril) reduced the concentration of insoluble and total collagen in the LV and stimulated the NO-pathway in the lactacystin group. We conclude that chronic administration of lactacystin represents a novel model of hypertension with collagenous rebuilding of the LV, convenient for testing antihypertensive drugs or agents exerting a cardiovascular benefit beyond blood pressure reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 83305 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Olga Pechanova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Lubomira Tothova
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Stanislava Vrankova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Lucia Balazova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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11
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Melatonin attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the CyPA/CD147 signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 422:85-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Simko F, Baka T, Paulis L, Reiter RJ. Elevated heart rate and nondipping heart rate as potential targets for melatonin: a review. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:127-37. [PMID: 27264986 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated heart rate is a risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortalities in the general population and various cardiovascular pathologies. Insufficient heart rate decline during the night, that is, nondipping heart rate, also increases cardiovascular risk. Abnormal heart rate reflects an autonomic nervous system imbalance in terms of relative dominance of sympathetic tone. There are only a few prospective studies concerning the effect of heart rate reduction in coronary heart disease and heart failure. In hypertensive patients, retrospective analyses show no additional benefit of slowing down the heart rate by beta-blockade to blood pressure reduction. Melatonin, a secretory product of the pineal gland, has several attributes, which predict melatonin to be a promising candidate in the struggle against elevated heart rate and its consequences in the hypertensive population. First, melatonin production depends on the sympathetic stimulation of the pineal gland. On the other hand, melatonin inhibits the sympathetic system in several ways representing potentially the counter-regulatory mechanism to normalize excessive sympathetic drive. Second, administration of melatonin reduces heart rate in animals and humans. Third, the chronobiological action of melatonin may normalize the insufficient nocturnal decline of heart rate. Moreover, melatonin reduces the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, which are considered a crucial pathophysiological disorder of increased heart rate and pulsatile blood flow. The antihypertensive and antiremodeling action of melatonin along with its beneficial effects on lipid profile and insulin resistance may be of additional benefit. A clinical trial investigating melatonin actions in hypertensive patients with increased heart rate is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- 3rd Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology BMC, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Baka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ludovit Paulis
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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13
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Boutin JA. Quinone reductase 2 as a promising target of melatonin therapeutic actions. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 20:303-17. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1091882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Pole d’Expertise Biotechnologie, Chimie & Biologie, 125, chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
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14
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Maarman G, Blackhurst D, Thienemann F, Blauwet L, Butrous G, Davies N, Sliwa K, Lecour S. Melatonin as a preventive and curative therapy against pulmonary hypertension. J Pineal Res 2015. [PMID: 26201290 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, which leads to right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and failure. The pathophysiological mechanisms of PH remain unclear but oxidative stress is believed to contribute to RV dysfunction. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant and is cardioprotective against ischemia-reperfusion injury and hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesized that a chronic treatment with melatonin, given as a curative or preventive therapy, may confer cardiovascular benefits in PH. PH was induced in Long Evans rats (n ≥ 6 per group), with a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT, 80 mg/kg). Melatonin was given daily in the drinking water, with the treatment starting either on the day of the injection of MCT (dose testing: melatonin 75 ng/L and 6 mg/kg), 14 days after the injection of MCT (curative treatment: 6 mg/kg), or 5 days before the injection (preventive treatment: 6 mg/kg). The development of PH was assessed by measuring RV hypertrophy, RV function, cardiac interstitial fibrosis, and plasma oxidative stress. Compared with controls, MCT-treated rats displayed RV hypertrophy and dysfunction, increased interstitial fibrosis, and elevated plasma oxidative stress. A chronic melatonin treatment (75 ng/L or 6 mg/kg) reduced RV hypertrophy, improved RV function and reduced plasma oxidative stress. Curative and preventive treatment improved RV functional and plasma oxidative stress parameters and reduced cardiac interstitial fibrosis. Our data demonstrate that melatonin confers cardioprotection in this model of PH. As melatonin is an inexpensive and safe drug, we propose that clinical investigation of the effects of melatonin on RV function in patients with PH should be considered.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/therapeutic use
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/chemically induced
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/prevention & control
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/chemically induced
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/drug therapy
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Melatonin/therapeutic use
- Monocrotaline/toxicity
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/chemically induced
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/drug therapy
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Maarman
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Inter University MRC Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dee Blackhurst
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Friedrich Thienemann
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Neil Davies
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Chris Barnard Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Inter University MRC Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Inter University MRC Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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15
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Simko F, Pechanova O, Krajcirovicova K, Matuskova J, Pelouch V, Adamcova M, Paulis L. Effects of captopril, spironolactone, and simvastatin on the cardiovascular system of non-diseased Wistar rats. Int J Cardiol 2015; 190:128-30. [PMID: 25918064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Center of Excellence NOREG, Slovak Republic.
| | - Olga Pechanova
- Center of Excellence NOREG, Slovak Republic; Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Matuskova
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vaclav Pelouch
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, 2nd School of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ludovit Paulis
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Center of Excellence NOREG, Slovak Republic
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16
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Melatonin protects against myocardial hypertrophy induced by lipopolysaccharide. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:353-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9844-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Pechanova O, Paulis L, Simko F. Peripheral and central effects of melatonin on blood pressure regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17920-37. [PMID: 25299692 PMCID: PMC4227197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), shows potent receptor-dependent and -independent actions, which participate in blood pressure regulation. The antihypertensive effect of melatonin was demonstrated in experimental and clinical hypertension. Receptor-dependent effects are mediated predominantly through MT1 and MT2 G-protein coupled receptors. The pleiotropic receptor-independent effects of melatonin with a possible impact on blood pressure involve the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging nature, activation and over-expression of several antioxidant enzymes or their protection from oxidative damage and the ability to increase the efficiency of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Besides the interaction with the vascular system, this indolamine may exert part of its antihypertensive action through its interaction with the central nervous system (CNS). The imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic vegetative system is an important pathophysiological disorder and therapeutic target in hypertension. Melatonin is protective in CNS on several different levels: It reduces free radical burden, improves endothelial dysfunction, reduces inflammation and shifts the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic system in favor of the parasympathetic system. The increased level of serum melatonin observed in some types of hypertension may be a counter-regulatory adaptive mechanism against the sympathetic overstimulation. Since melatonin acts favorably on different levels of hypertension, including organ protection and with minimal side effects, it could become regularly involved in the struggle against this widespread cardiovascular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Pechanova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology and Centre of Excellence for Nitric Oxide Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 81371, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ludovit Paulis
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology and Centre of Excellence for Nitric Oxide Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 81371, Slovak Republic.
| | - Fedor Simko
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava 81371, Slovak Republic.
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Simko F, Bednarova KR, Krajcirovicova K, Hrenak J, Celec P, Kamodyova N, Gajdosechova L, Zorad S, Adamcova M. Melatonin reduces cardiac remodeling and improves survival in rats with isoproterenol-induced heart failure. J Pineal Res 2014; 57:177-84. [PMID: 24942291 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin was previously shown to reduce blood pressure and left ventricular (LV) remodeling in several models of experimental heart damage. This study investigated whether melatonin prevents LV remodeling and improves survival in isoproterenol-induced heart failure. In the first experiment, four groups of 3-month-old male Wistar rats (12 per group) were treated for 2 wk as follows: controls, rats treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg/day) (M), rats treated with isoproterenol (5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally the second week) (Iso), and rats treated with melatonin (2 wk) and isoproterenol (the second week) in corresponding doses (IsoM). In the second experiment, 30 rats were treated with isoproterenol and 30 rats with isoproterenol plus melatonin for a period of 28 days and their mortality was investigated. Isoproterenol-induced heart failure with hypertrophy of the left and right ventricles (LV, RV), lowered systolic blood pressure (SBP) and elevated pulmonary congestion. Fibrotic rebuilding was accompanied by alterations of tubulin level in the LV and oxidative stress development. Melatonin failed to reduce the weight of the LV or RV; however, it curtailed the weight of the lungs and attenuated the decline in SBP. Moreover, melatonin decreased the level of oxidative stress and of insoluble and total collagen and partly prevented the beta-tubulin alteration in the LV. Most importantly, melatonin reduced mortality and prolonged the average survival time. In conclusion, melatonin exerts cardioprotective effects and improves outcome in a model of isoproterenol-induced heart damage. The antiremodeling effect of melatonin may be of potential benefit in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Simko
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 3rd Clinic of Medicine, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Center of Excellence NOREG, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Aziriova S, Repova Bednarova K, Krajcirovicova K, Hrenak J, Rajkovicova R, Arendasova K, Kamodyova N, Celec P, Zorad S, Adamcova M, Paulis L, Simko F. Doxorubicin-induced behavioral disturbances in rats: Protective effect of melatonin and captopril. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 124:284-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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20
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Repová-Bednárová K, Aziriová S, Hrenák J, Krajčírovičová K, Adamcová M, Paulis L, Simko F. Effect of captopril and melatonin on fibrotic rebuilding of the aorta in 24 hour light-induced hypertension. Physiol Res 2014; 62:S135-41. [PMID: 24329693 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic continuous light exposure leads to melatonin deficiency along with complex neurohumoral activation resulting in hypertension development in rats. The aim of this study was to show, whether continuous light induces fibrotic rebuilding of the aorta and whether the treatment with melatonin or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril can prevent these potential alterations. In a six-week experiment, 3-month-old Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (ten per group): controls, rats exposed to continuous light, exposed to continuous light plus treated with captopril (100 mg/kg/24 h) and exposed to continuous light plus treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg/24 h). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and collagen type I and III in the media of thoracic aorta were measured. Continuous light induced hypertension and fibrotic rebuilding of the aorta in terms of enhancement of collagen I and III concentration in the aortic media. Both captopril and melatonin prevented SBP rise and reduced collagen III concentration in the aorta. However, only melatonin reduced collagen I and the sum of collagen I and III in the aortic tissue. We conclude that in continuous light-induced hypertension, administration of melatonin, along with SBP reduction, decreases collagen I and III concentration in the aorta. It is suggested that antifibrotic effect of melatonin may reduce the stiffness of the aorta and small arteries and beneficially influence the nature of the pulse wave and peripheral vascular resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Repová-Bednárová
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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21
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Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Abreu-Gonzalez P, Reiter RJ. The potential usefulness of serum melatonin level to predict heart failure in patients with hypertensive cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2014; 174:415-7. [PMID: 24768380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Department of Cardiology, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Pedro Abreu-Gonzalez
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Tenerife, Spain; University of La Laguna, Department of Physiology, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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