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Rojas-Torres M, Beltrán-Camacho L, Martínez-Val A, Sánchez-Gomar I, Eslava-Alcón S, Rosal-Vela A, Jiménez-Palomares M, Doiz-Artázcoz E, Martínez-Torija M, Moreno-Luna R, Olsen JV, Duran-Ruiz MC. Unraveling the differential mechanisms of revascularization promoted by MSCs & ECFCs from adipose tissue or umbilical cord in a murine model of critical limb-threatening ischemia. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:71. [PMID: 39004727 PMCID: PMC11247736 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01059-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) constitutes the most severe manifestation of peripheral artery disease, usually induced by atherosclerosis. CLTI patients suffer from high risk of amputation of the lower extremities and elevated mortality rates, while they have low options for surgical revascularization due to associated comorbidities. Alternatively, cell-based therapeutic strategies represent an effective and safe approach to promote revascularization. However, the variability seen in several factors such as cell combinations or doses applied, have limited their success in clinical trials, being necessary to reach a consensus regarding the optimal "cellular-cocktail" prior further application into the clinic. To achieve so, it is essential to understand the mechanisms by which these cells exert their regenerative properties. Herein, we have evaluated, for the first time, the regenerative and vasculogenic potential of a combination of endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adipose-tissue (AT), compared with ECFCs from umbilical cord blood (CB-ECFCs) and AT-MSCs, in a murine model of CLTI. METHODS Balb-c nude mice (n:32) were distributed in four different groups (n:8/group): control shams, and ischemic mice (after femoral ligation) that received 50 µl of physiological serum alone or a cellular combination of AT-MSCs with either CB-ECFCs or AT-ECFCs. Follow-up of blood flow reperfusion and ischemic symptoms was carried out for 21 days, when mice were sacrificed to evaluate vascular density formation. Moreover, the long-term molecular changes in response to CLTI and both cell combinations were analyzed in a proteomic quantitative approach. RESULTS AT-MSCs with either AT- or CB-ECFCs, promoted a significant recovery of blood flow in CLTI mice 21 days post-ischemia. Besides, they modulated the inflammatory and necrotic related processes, although the CB group presented the slowest ischemic progression along the assay. Moreover, many proteins involved in the repairing mechanisms promoted by cell treatments were identified. CONCLUSIONS The combination of AT-MSCs with AT-ECFCs or with CB-ECFCs promoted similar revascularization in CLTI mice, by restoring blood flow levels, together with the modulation of the inflammatory and necrotic processes, and reduction of muscle damage. The protein changes identified are representative of the molecular mechanisms involved in ECFCs and MSCs-induced revascularization (immune response, vascular repair, muscle regeneration, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, 11002, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, 11002, Spain
| | - Lucía Beltrán-Camacho
- Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-Val
- National Center of Cardiovascular Research Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Ismael Sánchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, 11002, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, 11002, Spain
| | - Sara Eslava-Alcón
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, 11002, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, 11002, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, 11002, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, 11002, Spain
| | - Margarita Jiménez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, 11002, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, 11002, Spain
| | - Esther Doiz-Artázcoz
- Angiology & Vascular Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mario Martínez-Torija
- Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Toledo, 45071, Spain
- Nursing department, Hospital Universitario de Toledo (SESCAM), Toledo, 45071, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno-Luna
- Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Toledo, 45071, Spain.
- Cooperative Research Network Orientated to Health Results, Vascular Brain Diseases, RICORS-ICTUS, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain.
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ma Carmen Duran-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, 11002, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, 11002, Spain.
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University. Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11519, Spain.
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Martín-Bórnez M, Falcón D, Morrugares R, Siegfried G, Khatib AM, Rosado JA, Galeano-Otero I, Smani T. New Insights into the Reparative Angiogenesis after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12298. [PMID: 37569674 PMCID: PMC10418963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes massive loss of cardiac myocytes and injury to the coronary microcirculation, overwhelming the limited capacity of cardiac regeneration. Cardiac repair after MI is finely organized by complex series of procedures involving a robust angiogenic response that begins in the peri-infarcted border area of the infarcted heart, concluding with fibroblast proliferation and scar formation. Efficient neovascularization after MI limits hypertrophied myocytes and scar extent by the reduction in collagen deposition and sustains the improvement in cardiac function. Compelling evidence from animal models and classical in vitro angiogenic approaches demonstrate that a plethora of well-orchestrated signaling pathways involving Notch, Wnt, PI3K, and the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration through ion channels, regulate angiogenesis from existing endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the infarcted heart. Moreover, cardiac repair after MI involves cell-to-cell communication by paracrine/autocrine signals, mainly through the delivery of extracellular vesicles hosting pro-angiogenic proteins and non-coding RNAs, as microRNAs (miRNAs). This review highlights some general insights into signaling pathways activated under MI, focusing on the role of Ca2+ influx, Notch activated pathway, and miRNAs in EC activation and angiogenesis after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martín-Bórnez
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/University of Seville/CSIC, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.M.-B.); (D.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Débora Falcón
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/University of Seville/CSIC, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.M.-B.); (D.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Rosario Morrugares
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/University of Seville/CSIC, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.M.-B.); (D.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Geraldine Siegfried
- RyTME, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France (A.-M.K.)
| | - Abdel-Majid Khatib
- RyTME, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615 Pessac, France (A.-M.K.)
| | - Juan A. Rosado
- Cellular Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers (IMPB), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Isabel Galeano-Otero
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/University of Seville/CSIC, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.M.-B.); (D.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Tarik Smani
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/University of Seville/CSIC, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.M.-B.); (D.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
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Zhang L, Zhu Z, Yang Q, Zhao J. A genome-wide association study identified one variant associated with static spatial working memory in Chinese population. Front Genet 2022; 13:915275. [PMID: 36176292 PMCID: PMC9514234 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.915275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial working memory (SWM) is a kind of memory that temporarily preserves spatial information (the location or order of objects, etc.). Individuals with mental disorders tend to show worse performance in SWM task. This study investigated the genetic basis of two subtypes of SWM, static spatial working memory (SSWM) and dynamic spatial working memory (DSWM) in humans, using quantitative genomic analyses. A total of 451 Chinese students were tested on their magnitudes of SSWM and DSWM. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed. Two SNPs (top SNP: rs80263879, p = 1.6 × 10−9, gene: epoxide hydrolase 2, EPHX2) reaching genome-wide significance for SSWM were identified. There is a high linkage disequilibrium between these two SNPs. The data of expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) showed that different genotypes of rs80263879 and rs72478903 made significant differences in the expression of EPHX2 gene in the spinal cord (p = 0.022, p = 0.048). Enrichment analysis identified a gene set significantly associated with DSWM. Overall, our study discovered a candidate genetic locus and gene set for the genetics of the SWM.
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Chen K, Li Y, Xu L, Qian Y, Liu N, Zhou C, Liu J, Zhou L, Xu Z, Jia R, Ge YZ. Comprehensive insight into endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising candidate for disease treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:238. [PMID: 35672766 PMCID: PMC9172199 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are a type of stem cell, have been found to have strong angiogenic and tissue repair capabilities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain many effective components, such as cellular proteins, microRNAs, messenger RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, and can be secreted by different cell types. The functions of EVs depend mainly on their parent cells. Many researchers have conducted functional studies of EPC-derived EVs (EPC-EVs) and showed that they exhibit therapeutic effects on many diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, acute kidney injury, acute lung injury, and sepsis. In this review article, we comprehensively summarized the biogenesis and functions of EPCs and EVs and the potent role of EPC-EVs in the treatment of various diseases. Furthermore, the current problems and future prospects have been discussed, and further studies are needed to compare the therapeutic effects of EVs derived from various stem cells, which will contribute to the accelerated translation of these applications in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguan Qian
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Zheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Huang H, Huang W. Regulation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Functions in Ischemic Heart Disease: New Therapeutic Targets for Cardiac Remodeling and Repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:896782. [PMID: 35677696 PMCID: PMC9167961 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.896782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemia and hypoxia following myocardial infarction (MI) cause subsequent cardiomyocyte (CM) loss, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and paracrine effects and thus have important clinical value in alternative processes for repairing damaged hearts. In fact, this study showed that the endogenous repair of EPCs may not be limited to a single cell type. EPC interactions with cardiac cell populations and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ischemic heart disease can attenuate cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in a microenvironment, regulate cell survival and apoptosis, nourish CMs, enhance mature neovascularization, alleviate adverse ventricular remodeling after infarction and enhance ventricular function. In this review, we introduce the definition and discuss the origin and biological characteristics of EPCs and summarize the mechanisms of EPC recruitment in ischemic heart disease. We focus on the crosstalk between EPCs and endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), CMs, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), and MSCs during cardiac remodeling and repair. Finally, we discuss the translation of EPC therapy to the clinic and treatment strategies.
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Exosomal miR-218-5p/miR-363-3p from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Ameliorate Myocardial Infarction by Targeting the p53/JMY Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5529430. [PMID: 34326916 PMCID: PMC8302385 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5529430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes (EPC-Exos) can ameliorate myocardial fibrosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of EPC-Exos-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) on myocardial infarction (MI). A miRNA-Seq dataset of miRNAs differentially expressed between EPCs and exosomes was collected. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the miRNA expression indicated by miRNA-Seq. Immunofluorescence, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis assays were employed to investigate the effects of miRNAs on cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in vitro. Interactions between miRNAs and their respective targets were examined via immunoblotting, qRT-PCR, and luciferase reporter assays. An MI rat model was constructed, and various staining and immunohistochemical assays were performed to explore the mechanisms underlying the miRNA-mediated effects on MI. miR-363-3p and miR-218-5p were enriched in EPC-Exos, and miR-218-5p and miR-363-3p mimic or inhibitor enhanced or suppressed CF proliferation and angiogenesis, respectively. miR-218-5p and miR-363-3p regulated p53 and junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY) by binding to the promoter region of p53 and the 3′ untranslated region of JMY. Additionally, treatment of CFs with Exo-miR-218-5p or Exo-miR-363-3p upregulated p53 and downregulated JMY expression, promoted mesenchymal-endothelial transition, and inhibited myocardial fibrosis. Administration of exosomes containing miR-218-5p mimic or miR-363-3p mimic ameliorated left coronary artery ligation-induced MI and restored myocardial tissue integrity in the MI model rats. In summary, these results show that the protective ability of EPC-Exos against MI was mediated by the shuttled miR-218-5p or miR-363-3p via targeting of the p53/JMY signaling pathway.
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Xue F, Bai Y, Jiang Y, Liu J, Jian K. Construction and a preliminary study of paracrine effect of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cell sheet. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:185-197. [PMID: 34052984 PMCID: PMC8854320 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09932-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The release of paracrine factors from endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) sheet is a central mechanism of tissue repair. The purpose of this study was to constuct the rat bone marrow derived-endothelial progenitor cell (BM-EPCs) sheet and investigate invest the role of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/CXCR4 axis in the biological function of BM-EPCs sheet. BM-EPC cells were identified by the cell-surface markers-CD34/CD133/VE-cadherin/KDR using flow cytometry and dual affinity for acLDL and UEA-1. After 7 days of incubation, the BM-EPC single-cell suspensions were seeded on thermo-sensitive plate to harvest the BM-EPC cell sheets. The expression levels of SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis-associated genes and proteins were examined using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to determine the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and SDF-1α in the cell culture medium. The BM-EPC cell sheets were successfully harvested. Moreover, BM-EPC cell sheets have superior migration and tube formation activity when compared with single cell suspension. When capillary-like tube were formed from EPCs sheets, the releasing of paracrine factors such as VEGF, EGF and SDF-1α were increased. To reveal the mechanism of tube formation of BM-EPCs sheets, our research showed that the activation of PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway was involved in the process, because the phosphorylation of CXCR, PI3K, AKT and eNOS were increased. BM-EPC cell sheets have superior paracrine and tube formation activity than the BM-EPC single-cell. The strong ability to secrete paracrine factors was be potentially related to the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis through PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenlong Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300051, China
| | - Yiyao Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233004, China
| | - Jianshi Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, DeltaHealth Hospital Shanghai, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Kaitao Jian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300051, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, DeltaHealth Hospital Shanghai, Shanghai, 200336, China.
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Zhang LL, Xiong YY, Yang YJ. The Vital Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Promoting Angiogenesis After Acute Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:561-577. [PMID: 33752473 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an event of ischemic myocardial necrosis caused by acute coronary artery occlusion, which ultimately leads to a large loss of cardiomyocytes. The prerequisite of salvaging ischemic myocardium and improving cardiac function of patients is to provide adequate blood perfusion in the infarcted area. Apart from reperfusion therapy, it is also urgent and imperative to promote angiogenesis. Recently, growing evidence based on promising preclinical data indicates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can provide therapeutic effects on AMI by promoting angiogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-encapsulated vesicles with complex cargoes, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, can be derived from MSCs and represent part of their functions, so EVs also possess the ability to promote angiogenesis. However, poor control of the survival and localization of MSCs hindered clinical transformation and made scientists start looking for new approaches based on MSCs. Identifying the role of MSCs and their derived EVs in promoting angiogenesis can provide a theoretical basis for improved MSC-based methods, and ultimately promote the clinical treatment of AMI. This review highlights potential proangiogenic mechanisms of transplanted MSCs and the derived EVs after AMI and summarizes the latest literature concerning the novel methods based on MSCs to maximize the angiogenesis capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells in Ischemic Disease: Strategies to Improve their Regenerative Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197406. [PMID: 33036489 PMCID: PMC7582994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) comprises a range of major clinical cardiac and circulatory diseases, which produce immense health and economic burdens worldwide. Currently, vascular regenerative surgery represents the most employed therapeutic option to treat ischemic disorders, even though not all the patients are amenable to surgical revascularization. Therefore, more efficient therapeutic approaches are urgently required to promote neovascularization. Therapeutic angiogenesis represents an emerging strategy that aims at reconstructing the damaged vascular network by stimulating local angiogenesis and/or promoting de novo blood vessel formation according to a process known as vasculogenesis. In turn, circulating endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) represent truly endothelial precursors, which display high clonogenic potential and have the documented ability to originate de novo blood vessels in vivo. Therefore, ECFCs are regarded as the most promising cellular candidate to promote therapeutic angiogenesis in patients suffering from CVD. The current briefly summarizes the available information about the origin and characterization of ECFCs and then widely illustrates the preclinical studies that assessed their regenerative efficacy in a variety of ischemic disorders, including acute myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, ischemic brain disease, and retinopathy. Then, we describe the most common pharmacological, genetic, and epigenetic strategies employed to enhance the vasoreparative potential of autologous ECFCs by manipulating crucial pro-angiogenic signaling pathways, e.g., extracellular-signal regulated kinase/Akt, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and Ca2+ signaling. We conclude by discussing the possibility of targeting circulating ECFCs to rescue their dysfunctional phenotype and promote neovascularization in the presence of CVD.
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Deutsch MA, Brunner S, Grabmaier U, David R, Ott I, Huber BC. Cardioprotective Potential of Human Endothelial-Colony Forming Cells from Diabetic and Nondiabetic Donors. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030588. [PMID: 32131432 PMCID: PMC7140510 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The potential therapeutic role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in ischemic heart disease for myocardial repair and regeneration is subject to intense investigation. The aim of the study was to investigate the proregenerative potential of human endothelial colony-forming cells (huECFCs), a very homogenous and highly proliferative endothelial progenitor cell subpopulation, in a myocardial infarction (MI) model of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Methods: CD34+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patient blood samples using immunomagnetic beads. For generating ECFCs, CD34+ cells were plated on fibronectin-coated dishes and were expanded by culture in endothelial-specific cell medium. Either huECFCs (5 × 105) or control medium were injected into the peri-infarct region after surgical MI induction in SCID/beige mice. Hemodynamic function was assessed invasively by conductance micromanometry 30 days post-MI. Hearts of sacrificed animals were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to assess cell fate, infarct size, and neovascularization (huECFCs n = 15 vs. control n = 10). Flow-cytometric analysis of enzymatically digested whole heart tissue was used to analyze different subsets of migrated CD34+/CD45+ peripheral mononuclear cells as well as CD34−/CD45− cardiac-resident stem cells two days post-MI (huECFCs n = 10 vs. control n = 6). Results: Transplantation of human ECFCs after MI improved left ventricular (LV) function at day 30 post-MI (LVEF: 30.43 ± 1.20% vs. 22.61 ± 1.73%, p < 0.001; ΔP/ΔTmax 5202.28 ± 316.68 mmHg/s vs. 3896.24 ± 534.95 mmHg/s, p < 0.05) when compared to controls. In addition, a significantly reduced infarct size (50.3 ± 4.5% vs. 66.1 ± 4.3%, p < 0.05) was seen in huECFC treated animals compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry failed to show integration and survival of transplanted cells. However, anti-CD31 immunohistochemistry demonstrated an increased vascular density within the infarct border zone (8.6 ± 0.4 CD31+ capillaries per HPF vs. 6.2 ± 0.5 CD31+ capillaries per HPF, p < 0.001). Flow cytometry at day two post-MI showed a trend towards increased myocardial homing of CD45+/CD34+ mononuclear cells (1.1 ± 0.3% vs. 0.7 ± 0.1%, p = 0.2). Interestingly, we detected a significant increase in the population of CD34−/CD45−/Sca1+ cardiac resident stem cells (11.7 ± 1.7% vs. 4.7 ± 1.7%, p < 0.01). In a subgroup analysis no significant differences were seen in the cardioprotective effects of huECFCs derived from diabetic or nondiabetic patients. Conclusions: In a murine model of myocardial infarction in SCID mice, transplantation of huECFCs ameliorated myocardial function by attenuation of adverse post-MI remodeling, presumably through paracrine effects. Cardiac repair is enhanced by increasing myocardial neovascularization and the pool of Sca1+ cardiac resident stem cells. The use of huECFCs for treating ischemic heart disease warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus-André Deutsch
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany;
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (S.B.); (U.G.)
| | - Ulrich Grabmaier
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (S.B.); (U.G.)
| | - Robert David
- Reference- and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Department Life, Light & Matter (LL&M), 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Ilka Ott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Helios Klinikum Pforzheim, Kanzlerstraße 2-6, D-75175 Pforzheim, Germany;
| | - Bruno C. Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (S.B.); (U.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-44-000
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Jia J, Ma B, Wang S, Feng L. Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 14:460-465. [PMID: 30767752 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666190214162453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are implicated in multiple biologic processes such as vascular homeostasis, neovascularization and tissue regeneration, and tumor angiogenesis. A subtype of EPCs is referred to as endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), which display robust clonal proliferative potential and can form durable and functional blood vessels in animal models. In this review, we provide a brief overview of EPCs' characteristics, classification and origins, a summary of the progress in preclinical studies with regard to the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord blood derived ECFCs (CB-ECFCs) for ischemia repair, tissue engineering and tumor, and highlight the necessity to select high proliferative CB-ECFCs and to optimize their recovery and expansion conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R., China
| | - Baitao Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R., China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R., China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R., China
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12
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Winter RL, Tian Y, Caldwell FJ, Seeto WJ, Koehler JW, Pascoe DA, Fan S, Gaillard P, Lipke EA, Wooldridge AA. Cell engraftment, vascularization, and inflammation after treatment of equine distal limb wounds with endothelial colony forming cells encapsulated within hydrogel microspheres. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:43. [PMID: 32019556 PMCID: PMC7001230 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) may be useful therapeutically in conditions with poor blood supply, such as distal limb wounds in the horse. Encapsulation of ECFCs into injectable hydrogel microspheres may ensure cell survival and cell localization to improve neovascularization and healing. Autologous ECFCs were isolated from 6 horses, labeled with quantum nanodots (QD), and a subset were encapsulated in poly(ethylene) glycol fibrinogen microspheres (PEG-Fb MS). Full-thickness dermal wounds were created on each distal limb and injected with empty PEG-Fb MS, serum, ECFCs, or ECFCs encapsulated into PEG- Fb MS (ECFC/MS). Analysis included wound surface area (WSA), granulation tissue scoring (GS), thermography, collagen density staining, and immunohistochemical staining for endothelial and inflammatory cells. The purpose of this study was to track cell location and evaluate wound vascularization and inflammatory response after injection of ECFC/MS or naked ECFCs in equine distal limb wounds. RESULTS ECFCs were found near and within newly formed blood vessels up to 3 weeks after injection. ECFC and ECFC/MS groups had the greatest blood vessel quantity at week 1 in the wound periphery. Wounds treated with ECFCs and ECFC/MS had the lowest density of neutrophils and macrophages at week 4. There were no significant effects of ECFC or ECFC/MS treatment on other measured parameters. CONCLUSIONS Injection of microsphere encapsulated ECFCs was practical for clinical use and well-tolerated. The positive ECFC treatment effects on blood vessel density and wound inflammation warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph L. Winter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Fred J. Caldwell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Wen J. Seeto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Jey W. Koehler
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | | | - Shirley Fan
- Department of Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
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Li X, Xue X, Sun Y, Chen L, Zhao T, Yang W, Chen Y, Zhang Z. MicroRNA-326-5p enhances therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells for myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:323. [PMID: 31730013 PMCID: PMC6858781 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our study sought to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of miR-326-5p-overexpressing endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods Mouse EPCs were isolated, purified, and identified by flow cytometry and uptake of DiI-ac-LDL. The target gene of miR-326-5p was predicted using target prediction algorithms and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. After EPCs were transfected with the agomir or antagomir of miR-326-5p, tube formation assay and Matrigel plug angiogenesis assay were conducted in four groups (NC, miR-326-5p agomir, miR-326-5p antagomir, and miR-326-5p agomir+Wnt1 agonist). In addition, a mouse model of MI was established and treated with the injection of miR-326-5p-EPCs, miR-326-5p-EPCs+ Wnt1 agonist, EPCs-NC, or PBS/control into the peri-infarcted myocardium. Subsequently, cardiac function was monitored by echocardiography at 7 and 28 days postoperatively. Finally, the infarcted hearts were collected at 28 days, and the size of myocardial infarction was measured by Masson’s trichrome staining and the neovascularization in the peri-infarcted area was examined through immunofluorescence staining. Results Luciferase reporter assay indicated that Wnt1 was a direct target of miR-326-5p. Using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis, we further demonstrated that the expression level of Wnt1 was negatively correlated with miR-326-5p expression in EPCs. Both in vitro study of tube formation assay and in vivo investigation of subcutaneous Matrigel plug assay revealed that the miR-326-5p agomir could significantly enhance the angiogenic capacity of EPCs, and this effect was partially inhibited by Wnt1 agonist. Meanwhile, miR-326-5p antagomir could obviously reduce the the angiogenic capacity of EPCs in vivo compared with that in the NC group. Moreover, the transplantation of miR-326-5p-overexpressing EPCs in the ischemic hearts of mice significantly enhanced the angiogenesis in the peri-infarcted zone and improved the cardiac function. However, the enhanced capacity of angiogenesis of miR-326-5p-overexpressing EPCs was remarkably neutralized by Wnt1 agonist, accompanied by the decreased improvement in cardiac function. Conclusion miR-326-5p significantly enhanced the angiogenic capacity of EPCs. Transplantation of miR-326-5p-overexpressing EPCs improved cardiac function for AMI therapy, which can be a novel strategy for enhancing therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yuejun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, 214400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yongbing Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Merola J, Reschke M, Pierce RW, Qin L, Spindler S, Baltazar T, Manes TD, Lopez-Giraldez F, Li G, Bracaglia LG, Xie C, Kirkiles-Smith N, Saltzman WM, Tietjen GT, Tellides G, Pober JS. Progenitor-derived human endothelial cells evade alloimmunity by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated complete ablation of MHC expression. JCI Insight 2019; 4:129739. [PMID: 31527312 PMCID: PMC6824302 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering may address organ shortages currently limiting clinical transplantation. Off-the-shelf engineered vascularized organs will likely use allogeneic endothelial cells (ECs) to construct microvessels required for graft perfusion. Vasculogenic ECs can be differentiated from committed progenitors (human endothelial colony-forming cells or HECFCs) without risk of mutation or teratoma formation associated with reprogrammed stem cells. Like other ECs, these cells can express both class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, bind donor-specific antibody (DSA), activate alloreactive T effector memory cells, and initiate rejection in the absence of donor leukocytes. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated dual ablation of β2-microglobulin and class II transactivator (CIITA) in HECFC-derived ECs eliminates both class I and II MHC expression while retaining EC functions and vasculogenic potential. Importantly, dually ablated ECs no longer bind human DSA or activate allogeneic CD4+ effector memory T cells and are resistant to killing by CD8+ alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Despite absent class I MHC molecules, these ECs do not activate or elicit cytotoxic activity from allogeneic natural killer cells. These data suggest that HECFC-derived ECs lacking MHC molecule expression can be utilized for engineering vascularized grafts that evade allorejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Merola
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Melanie Reschke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Lingfeng Qin
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Susann Spindler
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tania Baltazar
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Thomas D. Manes
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Francesc Lopez-Giraldez
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis and Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laura G. Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Catherine Xie
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nancy Kirkiles-Smith
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gregory T. Tietjen
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jordan S. Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Yu BB, Zhi H, Zhang XY, Liang JW, He J, Su C, Xia WH, Zhang GX, Tao J. Mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated decline in angiogenic capacity of endothelial progenitor cells is associated with capillary rarefaction in patients with hypertension via downregulation of CXCR4/JAK2/SIRT5 signaling. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:64-75. [PMID: 30904607 PMCID: PMC6491423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertensive patients exhibit decline in capillary density and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). However, whether capillary rarefaction in hypertension is associated with defect angiogenesis of EPCs remains unknown. We hypothesized that impaired mitochondrial function of late EPCs in hypertension is associated with the structural lack of capillary microcirculation via deficient CXCR4/JAK2/SIRT5 signaling. Methods We performed capillary microcirculation detection in hypertensive patients and healthy subjects. Angiogenic capacity and mitochondrial function of circulating EPCs were evaluated. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated by genetic inhibition and overexpression. Findings Capillary density of nail fold and eye fundus were significantly reduced in hypertensive patients, which was paralleled to decreased in vitro late EPC function and in vivo angiogenic capacity. Meanwhile the decline of EPC function in hypertension was accompanied by impaired mitochondrial ultrastructure, diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced oxygen consumption, increased ROS generation and NADH level. Rotenone induced inhibition of oxygen consumption rate, excessive ROS generation and loss of MMP, which markedly decreased the in vitro functions of EPCs. Furthermore, SIRT5 expression of EPCs in hypertension was markedly reduced, which was correlated to mitochondrial dysfunction. CXCR4 gene transfer enhanced SIRT5 expression, improved mitochondrial functions and augmented angiogenic capacity of EPCs. The beneficial impacts of SIRT5 up-regulation on late EPC-mediated angiogenesis can be abrogated by blockade of CXCR4/JAK2/SIRT5 signaling pathway. Interpretation Mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated fall in angiogenic capacity due to deficient CXCR4/JAK2/SIRT5 signaling of late EPCs is probably responsible for the capillary rarefaction in hypertension. Our findings provide insight into the potential of EPC mitochondria as a novel target for the treatment of hypertension-related loss of microvascular density. Funds National Nature Science Foundation of China, 973Program, the Nature Science Foundation of Guangdong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bo Yu
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Hui Zhi
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jian-Wen Liang
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Chen Su
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Wen-Hao Xia
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Gao-Xing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The Jiangmen Central Hospital, China.
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
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Du X, Wang F, Wu DM, Zhang MH, Jia X, Zhang JW, Zhuang BX, Zhao Y, Guo PF, Bi W, Fu WG, Guo W, Wang SM. Comparison between paclitaxel-coated balloon and standard uncoated balloon in the treatment of femoropopliteal long lesions in diabetics. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14840. [PMID: 30921183 PMCID: PMC6455750 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases may include femoropopliteal artery stenosis or occlusion. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is an effective and minimally invasive treatment strategy for atherosclerotic femoropopliteal artery stenosis/occlusion disease. Balloon angioplasty is a widely used technique in the management of occlusive disease in almost all arterial segments.We enrolled 111 diabetics with long femoropopliteal lesions, among which 54 received PTA with paclitaxel-coated balloon (the Paclitaxel group), and 57 with standard balloon catheters (the Control group).The primary outcome was set as angiographic late lumen loss (LLL) within 6 months; the secondary angiographic outcome was binary restenosis. Clinical outcomes included Rutherford clarification, ankle-brachial index (ABI) and rate of clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). Two groups had similar basal clinical features, angiographic and procedural characteristics. Compared to controls, the Paclitaxel group had a significantly lower 6-month LLL rate, 12-month binary restenosis rate, 12-month TLR, lower Rutherford grades at 3 and 6 months, and higher ABI at 3 months. For all factors which might influence outcomes, fasting blood glucose was negatively correlated with ABI; the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was positively related with the Rutherford clarification grades. In addition, the coronary heart disease (CHD) and smoking histories were positively correlated with residual stenosis after treatment.Collectively, the paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty can yield more favorable angiographic and clinical outcomes than standard uncoated balloon angioplasty, even in the more challenging lesions (the long and occlusive femoropopliteal lesions) in diabetics, when it had a similar safety profile to the traditional balloon. Blood glucose, BUN, CHD, and smoking imply poor curative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Feng Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
| | - Dan-ming Wu
- The people's hospital of Liaoning province, Shenyang
| | | | - Xin Jia
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Ji-wei Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital
| | - Bai-xi Zhuang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Xiyuan Hospital
| | - Yu Zhao
- Chongqing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Ping-fan Guo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
| | - Wei Bi
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | | | - Wei Guo
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Shen-ming Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Keighron C, Lyons CJ, Creane M, O'Brien T, Liew A. Recent Advances in Endothelial Progenitor Cells Toward Their Use in Clinical Translation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:354. [PMID: 30619864 PMCID: PMC6305310 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) by Asahara and colleagues in 1997, an increasing number of preclinical studies have shown that EPC based therapy is feasible, safe, and efficacious in multiple disease states. Subsequently, this has led to several, mainly early phase, clinical trials demonstrating the feasibility and safety profile of EPC therapy, with the suggestion of efficacy in several conditions including ischemic heart disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension and decompensated liver cirrhosis. Despite the use of the common term “EPC,” the characteristics, manufacturing methods and subset of the cell type used in these studies often vary significantly, rendering clinical translation challenging. It has recently been acknowledged that the true EPC is the endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC). The objective of this review was to summarize and critically appraise the registered and published clinical studies using the term “EPC,” which encompasses a heterogeneous cell population, as a therapeutic agent. Furthermore, the preclinical data using ECFC from the PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched and analyzed. We noted that despite the promising effect of ECFC on vascular regeneration, no clinical study has stemmed from these preclinical studies. We showed that there is a lack of information registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov for EPC clinical trials, specifically on cell culture methods. We also highlighted the importance of a detailed definition of the cell type used in EPC clinical trials to facilitate comparisons between trials and better understanding of the potential clinical benefit of EPC based therapy. We concluded our review by discussing the potential and limitations of EPC based therapy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Keighron
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Caomhán J Lyons
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Creane
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aaron Liew
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Girard‐Bock C, de Araújo CC, Bertagnolli M, Mai‐Vo T, Vadivel A, Alphonse RS, Zhong S, Cloutier A, Sutherland MR, Thébaud B, Nuyt AM. Endothelial colony-forming cell therapy for heart morphological changes after neonatal high oxygen exposure in rats, a model of complications of prematurity. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13922. [PMID: 30485704 PMCID: PMC6260919 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Very preterm birth is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases and changes in myocardial structure. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of endothelial colony-forming cell (ECFC) treatment on heart morphological changes in the experimental model of neonatal high oxygen (O2 )-induced cardiomyopathy, mimicking prematurity-related conditions. Sprague-Dawley rat pups exposed to 95% O2 or room air (RA) from day 4 (P4) to day 14 (P14) were randomized to receive (jugular vein) exogenous human cord blood ECFC or vehicle at P14 (n = 5 RA-vehicle, n = 8 RA-ECFC, n = 8 O2 -vehicle and n = 7 O2 -ECFC) and the hearts collected at P28. Body and heart weights and heart to body weight ratio did not differ between groups. ECFC treatment prevented the increase in cardiomyocyte surface area in both the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles of the O2 group (O2 -ECFC vs. O2 -vehicle LV: 121 ± 13 vs. 179 ± 21 μm2 , RV: 118 ± 12 vs. 169 ± 21 μm2 ). In O2 rats, ECFC treatment was also associated with a significant reduction in interstitial fibrosis in both ventricles (O2 -ECFC vs. O2 -vehicle LV: 1.07 ± 0.47 vs. 1.68 ± 0.41% of surface area, RV: 1.01 ± 0.74 vs. 1.77 ± 0.67%) and in perivascular fibrosis in the LV (2.29 ± 0.47 vs. 3.85 ± 1.23%) but in not the RV (1.95 ± 0.95 vs. 2.74 ± 1.14), and with increased expression of angiogenesis marker CD31. ECFC treatment had no effect on cardiomyocyte surface area or on tissue fibrosis of RA rats. Human cord blood ECFC treatment prevented cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial and perivascular fibrosis observed after neonatal high O2 exposure. ECFC could constitute a new regenerative therapy against cardiac sequelae caused by deleterious conditions of prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Girard‐Bock
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Carla C. de Araújo
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Mariane Bertagnolli
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Present address:
Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord‐de‐l’Île‐de‐MontréalHôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal Research CenterUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Thuy‐An Mai‐Vo
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Arul Vadivel
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | - Shumei Zhong
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Anik Cloutier
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Megan R. Sutherland
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Present address:
Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
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19
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Loisel F, Provost B, Guihaire J, Boulate D, Arouche N, Amsallem M, Arthur-Ataam J, Decante B, Dorfmüller P, Fadel E, Uzan G, Mercier O. Autologous endothelial progenitor cell therapy improves right ventricular function in a model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 157:655-666.e7. [PMID: 30669226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right ventricular (RV) failure is the main prognostic factor in pulmonary hypertension, and ventricular capillary density (CD) has been reported to be a marker of RV maladaptive remodeling and failure. Our aim was to determine whether right intracoronary endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) infusion can improve RV function and CD in a piglet model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). METHODS We compared 3 groups: sham (n = 5), CTEPH (n = 6), and CTEPH with EPC infusion (CTEPH+EPC; n = 5). After EPC isolation from CTEPH+EPC piglet peripheral blood samples at 3 weeks, the CTEPH and sham groups underwent right intracoronary infusion of saline, and the CTEPH+EPC group received EPCs at 6 weeks. RV function, pulmonary hemodynamics, and myocardial morphometry were investigated in the animals at 10 weeks. RESULTS After EPC administration, the RV fractional area change increased from 32.75% (interquartile range [IQR], 29.5%-36.5%) to 39% (IQR, 37.25%-46.50%; P = .030). The CTEPH+EPC piglets had reduced cardiomyocyte surface areas (from 298.3 μm2 [IQR, 277.4-335.3 μm2] to 234.6 μm2 (IQR, 211.1-264.7 μm2; P = .017), and increased CD31 expression (from 3.12 [IQR, 1.27-5.09] to 7.14 [IQR, 5.56-8.41; P = .017). EPCs were found in the RV free wall at 4 and 24 hours after injection but not 4 weeks later. CONCLUSIONS Intracoronary infusion of EPC improved RV function and CD in a piglet model of CTEPH. This novel cell-based therapy might represent a promising RV-targeted treatment in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Loisel
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Inserm 1197 Research Unit, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Bastien Provost
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Julien Guihaire
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - David Boulate
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Nassim Arouche
- Inserm 1197 Research Unit, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Myriam Amsallem
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Jennifer Arthur-Ataam
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Benoît Decante
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Department of Pathology, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Paris-Sud University and Paris-Saclay University, School of Medicine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Georges Uzan
- Inserm 1197 Research Unit, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Univ Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Paris-Sud University and Paris-Saclay University, School of Medicine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
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20
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Liu W, Zhang H, Mai J, Chen Z, Huang T, Wang S, Chen Y, Wang J. Distinct Anti-Fibrotic Effects of Exosomes Derived from Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Cultured Under Normoxia and Hypoxia. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:6187-6199. [PMID: 30183690 PMCID: PMC6134891 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The therapeutic potential of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) may be impaired in an ischemic environment. Direct injection of ECFCs is not an effective method of rescuing the ischemic heart, but exosomes derived from these cells may be a promising therapeutic tool. However, exosomes produced under normoxia and hypoxia may not be identical. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate alterations in the anti-fibrotic effects of hypoxia-treated ECFC-derived exosomes and the underlying mechanism involved. Material/Methods ECFCs were isolated from peripheral blood and exosomes were collected from ECFCs treated with normoxia (nor-exo) or hypoxia (hyp-exo). Effects of exosomes on cardiac fibroblast activation were evaluated in vitro. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) inside the exosomes were extracted and compared using next-generation RNA sequencing. Predicted target mRNAs of miR-10b-5p were validated using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay method. Results Nor-exo significantly ameliorated cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro. These effects were attenuated in the hyp-exo-treated group. miR-10b-5p was enriched in nor-exo but not in hyp-exo. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay found that both SMAD-specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Smurf1) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) mRNAs were inhibited by miR-10b-5p. The expression of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (N-SMase2) was decreased in hypoxia ECFCs, and this result was consistent with the changes in miR-10b-5p in hyp-exo. Conclusions Due to a reduction of miR-10b-5p, which targets the fibrotic genes Smurf1 and HDAC4, the anti-fibrotic effects of hyp-exo were abolished.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenHao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - HaiFeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - JingTing Mai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - ZhiTeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - TuCheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - ShaoHua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - YangXin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - JingFeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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21
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Kim W, Kang TS. Effect of successful revascularization on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12339. [PMID: 30235690 PMCID: PMC6160261 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) affects the systemic vascular resistance and increases the afterload because the left ventricle (LV) must work harder to eject blood into a smaller vascular bed. This study was to determine whether successful revascularization of AIOD is associated with improvement of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).A total of 37 patients with AIOD (34 men and 3 women; age 65.1 ± 7.2 years) were analyzed. The primary endpoint was defined as the change in the mitral E/E' ratio.There were no significant changes in the E velocity (from 0.7 ± 0.2 to 0.7 ± 0.2 m/s, P-value = .153), A velocity (from 0.8 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.2 m/s, P-value = .169), LAVI (from 36.1 ± 18.7 to 33.9 ± 15.7 mL/m, P-value = .176), E/A ratio (from 0.9 ± 0.4 to 0.8 ± 0.2, P-value = .091), and E' velocity (from 6.5 ± 2.0 to 6.9 ± 2.1 m/s, P-value = .068). However, successful revascularization significantly reduced the E/E' ratio (from 14.1 ± 5.7 to 11.7 ± 3.3, P-value = .015). Additionally, a significant increase in the A' velocity (from 9.1 ± 1.9 to 10.0 ± 2.2 m/s, P-value = .029) and a decrease in the LA diameter (from 40.7 ± 6.4 to 38.6 ± 6.6 mm, P-value = .014) were noted.Our results show that a successful revascularization of AIOD was associated with an improved E/E' ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonho Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon
| | - Tae Soo Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheon-an, Chungchungnam-do, Republic of Korea
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22
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Expanded CD133 + Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood Improved Heart Function in Rats after Severe Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:5412478. [PMID: 29760727 PMCID: PMC5925035 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5412478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological approaches are partially effective in limiting infarct size. Cell therapies using a cell population enriched with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) CD133+ have opened new perspectives for the treatment of ischemic areas after infarction. This preclinical study evaluated the effect of intramyocardial transplantation of purified or expanded human umbilical cord blood-derived CD133+ cells on the recovery of rats following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Histology studies, electrocardiogram, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to evaluate heart recovery. Purified CD133+ cells, enriched in endothelial progenitor cells, when expanded in vitro acquired an endothelial-like cell phenotype expressing CD31 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). The group of infarcted rats that received expanded CD133+ cells had a more significant recovery of contraction performance and less heart remodeling than the group that received purified CD133+ cells. Either purified or expanded CD133+ cells were able to induce neovascularization in the infarcted myocardium in an equivalent manner. Few human cells were detected in the infarcted myocardium of the rats 28 days after transplantation suggesting that the effects observed might be related primarily to paracrine activity. Although both cell populations ameliorated the infarcted heart and are suitable for regeneration of the vascular system, expanded CD133+ cells are more beneficial and promising candidates for vascular regeneration.
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23
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Lu W, Li X. Vascular stem/progenitor cells: functions and signaling pathways. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:859-869. [PMID: 28956069 PMCID: PMC11105279 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular stem/progenitor cells (VSCs) are an important source of all types of vascular cells needed to build, maintain, repair, and remodel blood vessels. VSCs, therefore, play critical roles in the development, normal physiology, and pathophysiology of numerous diseases. There are four major types of VSCs, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), smooth muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs), pericytes, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). VSCs can be found in bone marrow, circulating blood, vessel walls, and other extravascular tissues. During the past two decades, considerable progress has been achieved in the understanding of the derivation, surface markers, and differentiation of VSCs. Yet, the mechanisms regulating their functions and maintenance under normal and pathological conditions, such as in eye diseases, remain to be further elucidated. Owing to the essential roles of blood vessels in human tissues and organs, understanding the functional properties and the underlying molecular basis of VSCs is of critical importance for both basic and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisi Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuri Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Loisel F, Provost B, Haddad F, Guihaire J, Amsallem M, Vrtovec B, Fadel E, Uzan G, Mercier O. Stem cell therapy targeting the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension: is it a potential avenue of therapy? Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045893218755979. [PMID: 29480154 PMCID: PMC5844533 DOI: 10.1177/2045893218755979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an incurable disease characterized by an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure due to pathological changes to the pulmonary vascular bed. As a result, the right ventricle (RV) is subject to an increased afterload and undergoes multiple changes, including a decrease in capillary density. All of these dysfunctions lead to RV failure. A number of studies have shown that RV function is one of the main prognostic factors for PAH patients. Many stem cell therapies targeting the left ventricle are currently undergoing development. The promising results observed in animal models have led to clinical trials that have shown an improvement of cardiac function. In contrast to left heart disease, stem cell therapy applied to the RV has remained poorly studied, even though it too may provide a therapeutic benefit. In this review, we discuss stem cell therapy as a treatment for RV failure in PAH. We provide an overview of the results of preclinical and clinical studies for RV cell therapies. Although a large number of studies have targeted the pulmonary circulation rather than the RV directly, there are nonetheless encouraging results in the literature that indicate that cell therapies may have a direct beneficial effect on RV function. This cell therapy strategy may therefore hold great promise and warrants further studies in PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Loisel
- 1 36705 Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France.,2 Inserm 1197 Research Unit, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Bastien Provost
- 1 36705 Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - François Haddad
- 3 Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Hospital, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Julien Guihaire
- 1 36705 Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Myriam Amsallem
- 1 36705 Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Bojan Vrtovec
- 4 Department of Cardiology, Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Elie Fadel
- 1 36705 Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France.,5 Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Georges Uzan
- 2 Inserm 1197 Research Unit, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- 1 36705 Research and Innovation Unit, Inserm UMR-S 999, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France.,5 Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Universite Paris Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Le Plessis Robinson, France
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25
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Zhou H, Zhu J, Liu M, Wu Q, Dong N. Role of the protease corin in chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:973-982. [PMID: 28714548 DOI: 10.1002/term.2514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potency to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes. Corin is a cardiac protease that activates the natriuretic peptides, thereby regulating blood volume and pressure. In addition to the heart, corin gene upregulation was reported in bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived MSCs that underwent osteogenic differentiation. To date, the biological significance of corin expression in MSC differentiation remains unknown. In this study we isolated and cultured human bone marrow-derived MSCs that were capable of undergoing chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic lineage differentiation. By reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunostaining, we found that corin expression was upregulated when these MSCs underwent chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The upregulation of corin expression was most significant in the cells undergoing chondrogenic lineage differentiation. Silencing corin gene expression by small hairpin RNA in the MSCs inhibited chondrogenic, but not osteogenic and adipogenic, differentiation. These results suggest a novel function of corin in MSC differentiation and chondrocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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26
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Bartolucci J, Verdugo FJ, González PL, Larrea RE, Abarzua E, Goset C, Rojo P, Palma I, Lamich R, Pedreros PA, Valdivia G, Lopez VM, Nazzal C, Alcayaga-Miranda F, Cuenca J, Brobeck MJ, Patel AN, Figueroa FE, Khoury M. Safety and Efficacy of the Intravenous Infusion of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients With Heart Failure: A Phase 1/2 Randomized Controlled Trial (RIMECARD Trial [Randomized Clinical Trial of Intravenous Infusion Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cardiopathy]). Circ Res 2017; 121:1192-1204. [PMID: 28974553 PMCID: PMC6372053 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Rationale: Umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) are easily accessible and expanded in vitro, possess distinct properties, and improve myocardial remodeling and function in experimental models of cardiovascular disease. Although bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells have been previously assessed for their therapeutic potential in individuals with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, no clinical trial has evaluated intravenous infusion of UC-MSCs in these patients. Objective: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of the intravenous infusion of UC-MSC in patients with chronic stable heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Methods and Results: Patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction under optimal medical treatment were randomized to intravenous infusion of allogenic UC-MSCs (Cellistem, Cells for Cells S.A., Santiago, Chile; 1×106 cells/kg) or placebo (n=15 per group). UC-MSCs in vitro, compared with bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells, displayed a 55-fold increase in the expression of hepatocyte growth factor, known to be involved in myogenesis, cell migration, and immunoregulation. UC-MSC–treated patients presented no adverse events related to the cell infusion, and none of the patients tested at 0, 15, and 90 days presented alloantibodies to the UC-MSCs (n=7). Only the UC-MSC–treated group exhibited significant improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up assessed both through transthoracic echocardiography (P=0.0167 versus baseline) and cardiac MRI (P=0.025 versus baseline). Echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction change from baseline to month 12 differed significantly between groups (+7.07±6.22% versus +1.85±5.60%; P=0.028). In addition, at all follow-up time points, UC-MSC–treated patients displayed improvements of New York Heart Association functional class (P=0.0167 versus baseline) and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (P<0.05 versus baseline). At study completion, groups did not differ in mortality, heart failure admissions, arrhythmias, or incident malignancy. Conclusions: Intravenous infusion of UC-MSC was safe in this group of patients with stable heart failure and reduced ejection fraction under optimal medical treatment. Improvements in left ventricular function, functional status, and quality of life were observed in patients treated with UC-MSCs. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01739777. Unique identifier: NCT01739777
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Bartolucci
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Fernando J Verdugo
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Paz L González
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Ricardo E Larrea
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Ema Abarzua
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Carlos Goset
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Pamela Rojo
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Ivan Palma
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Ruben Lamich
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Pablo A Pedreros
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Gloria Valdivia
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Valentina M Lopez
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Carolina Nazzal
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Jimena Cuenca
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Matthew J Brobeck
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Amit N Patel
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
| | - Fernando E Figueroa
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.).
| | - Maroun Khoury
- From the Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine (J.B., P.L.G., F.A.-M., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.) and Department of Internal Medicine (F.J.V., R.E.L., F.E.F.), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Cardiology, Clínica Santa Maria, Santiago, Chile (J.B., E.A., C.G., R.L., P.A.P., G.V.); Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile (J.B., F.J.V., F.E.F., M.K.); Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile (P.L.G., F.A., J.C., F.E.F., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Clínica Davila, Santiago, Chile (R.E.L., P.R., I.P.); Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile (V.M.L., M.K.); Public Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C.N.); Division of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (M.J.B.); and Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL (A.N.P.)
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Ke X, Yang D, Liang J, Wang X, Wu S, Wang X, Hu C. Human Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes Increase Proliferation and Angiogenesis in Cardiac Fibroblasts by Promoting the Mesenchymal-Endothelial Transition and Reducing High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein B1 Expression. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:1018-1028. [PMID: 28920705 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a characteristic feature of cardiomyopathies. However, no effective strategies to attenuate cardiac fibrosis are currently available. Late-stage endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are precursors of endothelial cells (ECs) that repair the heart through a paracrine mechanism. In the present study, we tested whether EPC-derived exosomes regulate the differentiation of fibroblasts into ECs. We isolated late-stage EPCs from human peripheral blood (PB) and used immunofluorescence and flow cytometry to confirm their identity. Next, we isolated exosomes from the EPCs and characterized their morphology using electron microscopy and confirmed the expression of exosome-specific marker proteins using Western blots. We then investigated the in vitro effects of exosomes on the proliferation and angiogenesis of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and on the expression of the mesenchymal-endothelial transition (MEndT)-related genes and the myocardial fibrosis-regulated protein, high mobility group box 1 protein B1 (HMGB1). We found that human PB-EPC-derived exosomes enhanced the proliferation and angiogenesis of CFs in vitro. Furthermore, CFs stimulated with these exosomes showed increased expression of the EC-specific markers, like cluster of differentiation 31 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and decreased expression of proteins involved in fibrosis, like alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, collagen I, transforming growth factor-beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. In addition, CFs stimulated with human PB-EPC-derived exosomes, inhibited the expression of HMGB1. Taken together, our study demonstrated that EPC-derived exosomes promote the proliferation and angiogenesis of CFs by inhibiting MEndT and decreasing the expression of HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ke
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital , Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahao Yang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital , Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Liang
- 2 Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wang
- 2 Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyun Wu
- 2 Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital , Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengheng Hu
- 2 Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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28
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Shi X, Zhang W, Yin L, Chilian WM, Krieger J, Zhang P. Vascular precursor cells in tissue injury repair. Transl Res 2017; 184:77-100. [PMID: 28284670 PMCID: PMC5429880 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular precursor cells include stem cells and progenitor cells giving rise to all mature cell types in the wall of blood vessels. When tissue injury occurs, local hypoxia and inflammation result in the generation of vasculogenic mediators which orchestrate migration of vascular precursor cells from their niche environment to the site of tissue injury. The intricate crosstalk among signaling pathways coordinates vascular precursor cell proliferation and differentiation during neovascularization. Establishment of normal blood perfusion plays an essential role in the effective repair of the injured tissue. In recent years, studies on molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of vascular precursor cell function have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches to treat chronic wounds and ischemic diseases in vital organ systems. Verification of safety and establishment of specific guidelines for the clinical application of vascular precursor cell-based therapy remain major challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Nursing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Jessica Krieger
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio.
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29
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Jamaiyar A, Wan W, Ohanyan V, Enrick M, Janota D, Cumpston D, Song H, Stevanov K, Kolz CL, Hakobyan T, Dong F, Newby BMZ, Chilian WM, Yin L. Alignment of inducible vascular progenitor cells on a micro-bundle scaffold improves cardiac repair following myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:41. [PMID: 28540527 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is still the leading cause of death even with the advancement of pharmaceutical therapies and surgical procedures. Early vascularization in the ischemic heart is critical for a better outcome. Although stem cell therapy has great potential for cardiovascular regeneration, the ideal cell type and delivery method of cells have not been resolved. We tested a new approach of stem cell therapy by delivery of induced vascular progenitor cells (iVPCs) grown on polymer micro-bundle scaffolds in a rat model of myocardial infarction. iVPCs partially reprogrammed from vascular endothelial cells (ECs) had potent angiogenic potential and were able to simultaneously differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and ECs in 2D culture. Under hypoxic conditions, iVPCs also secreted angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A longitudinal micro-scaffold made from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) was sufficient for the growth and delivery of iVPCs. Co-cultured ECs and SMCs aligned well on the micro-bundle scaffold similarly as in the vessels. 3D cell/polymer micro-bundles formed by iVPCs and micro-scaffolds were transplanted into the ischemic myocardium in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) with ligation of the left anterior descending artery. Our in vivo data showed that iVPCs on the micro-bundle scaffold had higher survival, and better retention and engraftment in the myocardium than free iVPCs. iVPCs on the micro-bundles promoted better cardiomyocyte survival than free iVPCs. Moreover, iVPCs and iVPC/polymer micro-bundles treatment improved cardiac function (ejection fraction and fractional shortening, endocardial systolic volume) measured by echocardiography, increased vessel density, and decreased infarction size [endocardial and epicardial infarct (scar) length] better than untreated controls at 8 weeks after MI. We conclude that iVPCs grown on a polymer micro-bundle scaffold are new promising approach for cell-based therapy designed for cardiovascular regeneration in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Jamaiyar
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Weiguo Wan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Vahagn Ohanyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Molly Enrick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Danielle Janota
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Devan Cumpston
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Hokyung Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Kelly Stevanov
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Christopher L Kolz
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Tatev Hakobyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Bi-Min Zhang Newby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.
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Lu H, Mei H, Wang F, Zhao Q, Wang S, Liu L, Cheng L. Decreased phosphorylation of PDGFR-β impairs the angiogenic potential of expanded endothelial progenitor cells via the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1492-1504. [PMID: 28487975 PMCID: PMC5428960 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been proven to contribute to post-natal angiogenesis, and have been applied in various models of ischemia. However, to date, to the best of our knowledge, there is no available data on the angiogenic properties of EPCs during the process of in vitro expansion. In this study, we expanded EPCs to obtain cells at different passages, and analyzed their cellular properties and angiogenic ability. In the process of expansion, no changes were observed in cell cobblestone-like morphology, apoptotic rate and telomere length. However, the cell proliferative ability was significantly decreased. Additionally, the expression of CD144, CD90 and KDR was significantly downregulated in the later-passage cells. Vascular formation assay in vitro revealed that EPCs at passage 4 and 6 formed more integrated and organized capillary-like networks. In a murine model of hind limb ischemia, the transplantation of EPCs at passage 4 and 6 more effectively promoted perfusion recovery in the limbs on days 7 and 14, and promoted limb salvage and histological recovery. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of platelet‑derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) were found to be significantly decreased with the in vitro expansion process, accompanied by the decreased activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. When PDGFR inhibitor was used to treat the EPCs, the differences in the angiogenic potential and migratory ability among the EPCs at different passages were no longer observed; no significant differences were also observed in the levels of phosphorylated PI3K/Akt between the EPCs at different passages following treatment with the inhibitor. On the whole, our findings indicate that the levels of phosphorylated PDGFR-β are decreased in EPCs with the in vitro expansion process, which impairs their angiogenic potential by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling. Our findings may aid in the more effective selection of EPCs of different passages for the clinical therapy of ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Lu
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Hua Mei
- National Center of Human Stem Cell Research and Engineering, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- National Center of Human Stem Cell Research and Engineering, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Wang
- National Center of Human Stem Cell Research and Engineering, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Lvjun Liu
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Lamei Cheng
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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Human Cord Blood-Derived CD133 +/C-Kit +/Lin - Cells Have Bipotential Ability to Differentiate into Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Outgrowth Endothelial Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7162160. [PMID: 28074098 PMCID: PMC5203918 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7162160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that mononuclear cells (MNCs) derived from bone marrow and cord blood can differentiate into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs). However, controversy exists as to whether MNCs have the pluripotent capacity to differentiate into MSCs or OECs or are a mixture of cell lineage-determined progenitors of MSCs or OECs. Here, using CD133+/C-kit+/Lin− mononuclear cells (CKL− cells) isolated from human umbilical cord blood using magnetic cell sorting, we characterized the potency of MNC differentiation. We first found that CKL− cells cultured with conditioned medium of OECs or MSCs differentiated into OECs or MSCs and this differentiation was also induced by cell-to-cell contact. When we cultured single CKL− cells on OEC- or MSC-conditioned medium, the cells differentiated morphologically and genetically into OEC- or MSC-like cells, respectively. Moreover, we confirmed that OECs or MSCs differentiated from CKL− cells had the ability to form capillary-like structures in Matrigel and differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Finally, using microarray analysis, we identified specific factors of OECs or MSCs that could potentially be involved in the differentiation fate of CKL− cells. Together, these results suggest that cord blood-derived CKL− cells possess at least bipotential differentiation capacity toward MSCs or OECs.
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Cao Z, Tong X, Xia W, Chen L, Zhang X, Yu B, Yang Z, Tao J. CXCR7/p-ERK-Signaling Is a Novel Target for Therapeutic Vasculogenesis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161255. [PMID: 27612090 PMCID: PMC5017667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by insufficient vasculogenic response to ischemia, which is typically accompanied by dysfunction of endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs). CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is a key modulator of the neovascularization of EOCs to perfusion defect area. However, the mechanism underlying the role of EOCs in CAD-related abnormal vasculogenesis is still not clear. Here, we investigated the alteration of EOCs-related vasculogenic capacity in patients with CAD and its potential mechanism. Compared with EOCs isolated from healthy subjects, EOCs from CAD patients showed an impaired vasculogenic function in vitro. CXCR7 expression of EOCs from CAD patients was downregulated. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), downstream of CXCR7 signaling, was also reduced. CXCR7 expression introduced by adenovirus increased the phosphorylation of ERK, which was parallel to improved function of EOCs. The enhanced adhesion and vasculogenesis of EOCs can be blocked by short interfering RNA (siRNA) against CXCR7 and ERK inhibitor PD098059. Therefore, our study demonstrates that the upregulation of CXCR7 signaling contributes to increased vasculogenic capacity of EOCs from CAD patients, indicating that CXCR7 signaling may be a novel therapeutic vasculogenic target for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Xinzhu Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Xia
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingbo Yu
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JT); (ZY)
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JT); (ZY)
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Significant improvement of direct reprogramming efficacy of fibroblasts into progenitor endothelial cells by ETV2 and hypoxia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:104. [PMID: 27488544 PMCID: PMC4973107 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation is a promising therapy for ischemic diseases such as ischemic myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. However, limitation of EPC sources remains a major obstacle. Direct reprogramming has become a powerful tool to produce EPCs from fibroblasts. Some recent efforts successfully directly reprogrammed human fibroblasts into functional EPCs; however, the procedure efficacy was low. This study therefore aimed to improve the efficacy of direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts to functional EPCs. Methods Human fibroblasts isolated from foreskin were directly reprogrammed into EPCs by viral ETV2 transduction. Reprogramming efficacy was improved by culturing transduced fibroblasts in hypoxia conditions (5 % oxygen). Phenotype analyses confirmed that single-factor ETV2 transduction successfully reprogrammed dermal fibroblasts into functional EPCs. Results Hypoxia treatment during the reprogramming procedure increased the efficacy of reprogramming from 1.21 ± 0.61 % in normoxia conditions to 7.52 ± 2.31 % in hypoxia conditions. Induced EPCs in hypoxia conditions exhibited functional EPC phenotypes similar to those in normoxia conditions, such as expression of CD31 and VEGFR2, and expressed endothelial gene profiles similar to human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. These cells also formed capillary-like networks in vitro. Conclusion Our study demonstrates a new simple method to increase the reprogramming efficacy of human fibroblasts to EPCs using ETV2 and hypoxia.
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Testa U, Saulle E, Castelli G, Pelosi E. Endothelial progenitor cells in hematologic malignancies. Stem Cell Investig 2016; 3:26. [PMID: 27583252 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2016.06.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies carried out in the last years have improved the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling angiogenesis during adult life in normal and pathological conditions. Some of these studies have led to the identification of some progenitor cells that sustain angiogenesis through indirect, paracrine mechanisms (hematopoietic angiogenic cells) and through direct mechanisms, i.e., through their capacity to generate a progeny of phenotypically and functionally competent endothelial cells [endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs)]. The contribution of these progenitors to angiogenetic processes under physiological and pathological conditions is intensively investigated. Angiogenetic mechanisms are stimulated in various hematological malignancies, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes and multiple myeloma, resulting in an increased angiogenesis that contributes to disease progression. In some of these conditions there is preliminary evidence that some endothelial cells could derive from the malignant clone, thus leading to the speculation that the leukemic cell derives from the malignant transformation of a hemangioblastic progenitor, i.e., of a cell capable of differentiation to the hematopoietic and to the endothelial cell lineages. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying increased angiogenesis in these malignancies not only contributed to a better knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for tumor progression, but also offered the way for the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Testa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernestina Saulle
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Castelli
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Pelosi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Chery J, Wong J, Huang S, Wang S, Si MS. Regenerative Medicine Strategies for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 22:459-469. [PMID: 27245633 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), the most severe and common form of single ventricle congenital heart lesions, is characterized by hypoplasia of the mitral valve, left ventricle (LV), and all LV outflow structures. While advances in surgical technique and medical management have allowed survival into adulthood, HLHS patients have severe morbidities, decreased quality of life, and a shortened lifespan. The single right ventricle (RV) is especially prone to early failure because of its vulnerability to chronic pressure overload, a mode of failure distinct from ischemic cardiomyopathy encountered in acquired heart disease. As these patients enter early adulthood, an emerging epidemic of RV failure has become evident. Regenerative medicine strategies may help preserve or boost RV function in children and adults with HLHS by promoting angiogenesis and mitigating oxidative stress. Rescuing a RV in decompensated failure may also require the creation of new, functional myocardium. Although considerable hurdles remain before their clinical translation, stem cell therapy and cardiac tissue engineering possess revolutionary potential in the treatment of pediatric and adult patients with HLHS who currently have very limited long-term treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue Chery
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joshua Wong
- 2 Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shan Huang
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shuyun Wang
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ming-Sing Si
- 1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Tasev D, Koolwijk P, van Hinsbergh VWM. Therapeutic Potential of Human-Derived Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells in Animal Models. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 22:371-382. [PMID: 27032435 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tissue regeneration requires proper vascularization. In vivo studies identified that the endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), a subtype of endothelial progenitor cells that can be isolated from umbilical cord or peripheral blood, represent a promising cell source for therapeutic neovascularization. ECFCs not only are able to initiate and facilitate neovascularization in diseased tissue but also can, by acting in a paracrine manner, contribute to the creation of favorable conditions for efficient and appropriate differentiation of tissue-resident stem or progenitor cells. This review outlines the progress in the field of in vivo regenerative and tissue engineering studies and surveys why, when, and how ECFCs can be used for tissue regeneration. RECENT FINDINGS Reviewed literature that regard human-derived ECFCs in xenogeneic animal models implicates that ECFCs should be considered as an endothelial cell source of preference for induction of neovascularization. Their neovascularization and regenerative potential is augmented in combination with other types of stem or progenitor cells. Biocompatible scaffolds prevascularized with ECFCs interconnect faster and better with the host vasculature. The physical incorporation of ECFCs in newly formed blood vessels grants prolonged release of trophic factors of interest, which also makes ECFCs an interesting cell source candidate for gene therapy and delivery of bioactive compounds in targeted area. SUMMARY ECFCs possess all biological features to be considered as a cell source of preference for tissue engineering and repair of blood supply. Investigation of regenerative potential of ECFCs in autologous settings in large animal models before clinical application is the next step to clearly outline the most efficient strategy for using ECFCs as treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Tasev
- 1 Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands .,2 A-Skin Nederland BV , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- 1 Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- 1 Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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