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Herraiz-Adillo Á, Ahlqvist VH, Daka B, Wångdahl J, Wennberg P, Carlsson J, Higueras-Fresnillo S, Lenander C, Östgren CJ, Berglind D, Rådholm K, Henriksson P. Life's Essential 8 in relation to self-rated health and health-related quality of life in a large population-based sample: the SCAPIS project. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:1003-1014. [PMID: 38270740 PMCID: PMC10973036 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To monitor cardiovascular health, in 2022, the American Heart Association (AHA) updated the construct "Life's Simple 7" (LS7) to "Life's Essential 8" (LE8). This study aims to analyze the associations and capacity of discrimination of LE8 and LS7 in relation to self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS This study from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) included 28 731 Swedish participants, aged 50-64 years. Three different scores were derived from the SF-12 questionnaire: 1-item question SRH ("In general, would you say your health is …?"), mental-HRQoL and physical-HRQoL. Logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and ROC analysis were used to study the associations between the AHA scores in relation to SRH and HRQoL. RESULTS Compared to those with a LE8 score of 80, participants with a LE8 score of 40 were 14.8 times more likely to report poor SRH (OR: 14.8, 95% CI: 13.0-17.0), after adjustments. Moreover, they were more likely to report a poor mental-HRQoL (OR: 4.9, 95% CI: 4.2-5.6) and a poor physical-HRQoL (OR: 8.0, 95% CI: 7.0-9.3). Area under curves for discriminating poor SRH were 0.696 (95% CI: 0.687-0.704), 0.666 (95% CI: 0.657-0.674), and 0.643 (95% CI: 0.634-0.651) for LE8, LS7 (0-14), and LS7 (0-7), respectively, all p values < 0.001 in the DeLong's tests. CONCLUSION LE8 and LS7 had strong and inverse associations with SRH, mental-HRQoL, and physical-HRQoL, though LE8 had a somewhat higher capacity of discrimination than LS7. The novel LE8, a construct initially conceived to monitor cardiovascular health, also conveys SRH and HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Herraiz-Adillo
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Viktor H Ahlqvist
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bledar Daka
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Josefin Wångdahl
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jakob Carlsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sara Higueras-Fresnillo
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Lenander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Östgren
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre of Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Daniel Berglind
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Rådholm
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pontus Henriksson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Hawes MR, Roth KB, Wang X, Stefancic A, Weatherly C, Cabassa LJ. Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Racially and Ethnically Diverse People with Serious Mental Illness. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2021; 31:1669-1692. [PMID: 33416746 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2020.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a primary contributor to premature death among people with serious mental illness (SMI). This study used baseline data (N=314) from an effectiveness trial testing a healthy lifestyle intervention for racial/ethnically diverse participants with overweight/obesity and SMI living in supportive housing. We examined the prevalence and correlates of a modified version of the American Heart Association (AHA) metric of ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH). Five AHA ICVH metrics (smoking, body mass index, diet, physical activity, and blood pressure) were used to create a composite ICVH score. The mean ICVH score was 3.15 (range 0-8). Multivariate analysis indicated that higher ICVH scores were associated with lifetime cancer diagnosis and better cardiorespiratory fitness. Lower scores were associated with female gender, racial/ethnic minority status, and antipsychotic use, suggesting that these subgroups of people with SMI may benefit from targeted screening and interventions to improve their cardiovascular health.
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Gąska I, Sygit K, Cipora E, Sygit M, Pacian A, Surmach M, Kaleta D, Rzeźnicki A. Assessment of the Health Behaviours and Value-Based Health Analysis of People Aged 50+ Who Were Hospitalized Due to Cardiovascular Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084221. [PMID: 33923460 PMCID: PMC8074081 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The basic determinant of healthy behaviour—among other human behaviours—is the fact that it consistently affects health. Nowadays, health behaviour studies are considered to be an important method of measuring the health of a population. Objective: To assess the health behaviours and value-based health analysis of people aged 50+ who were hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease, depending on the selected descriptive variables. Materials and methods: The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2018 among 411 subjects aged 50+ who were hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease at the Independent Public Health Care Unit in Sanok (Podkarpackie voivodship in Poland). The method used in the study was a diagnostic survey. The study used the authors’ survey questionnaire and two standardized tests: Inventory of Health-Related Behaviour (IHB) and List of Health Criteria (LHC). A statistical analysis was carried out in the R program, version 3.5.1. The obtained results were subjected to thorough statistical analysis using the following tests: Student’s t, Mann–Whitney U, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD), Pearson, and Spearman. Results: The strongest correlation between health status and health behaviours (according to the IHB questionnaire) was in the area of ‘health practices’, while the lowest correlation was found in the areas of ‘correct eating habits’ and ‘preventive behaviours’. Based on the LHC questionnaire, the most important health criteria according to the subjects were ‘not feeling any physical ailments’; ‘having all body parts functional’; ‘feeling well’; ‘eating properly’; and ‘infrequent need of going to the doctor’. A positive correlation was found in the group of respondents where the ‘preventive health behaviours’ were more intense; herein, the more important criterion for the respondents was ‘eating properly’. Conclusions: Respondents aged 50+ and hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases indicated (based on the IHB questionnaire) that health behaviours in the area of ‘health practices’ had the strongest correlation with their health, while the lowest correlation was found in the areas of ‘correct eating habits’ and ‘preventive behaviours’. According to the respondents, the most important criteria determining health (according to the LHC questionnaire) included ’not feeling any physical ailments’; ‘having all body parts functional’; ‘feeling well’; ‘eating properly’; and ‘infrequent need of going to the doctor’. Based on the information collected from the respondents, it was found that the most important criteria determining health depended on selected descriptive variables, such as age, gender, place of residence, education, and marital status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Gąska
- Medical Institute, Jan Godek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland; (I.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Katarzyna Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Elżbieta Cipora
- Medical Institute, Jan Godek State University in Sanok, 38-500 Sanok, Poland; (I.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Marian Sygit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Anna Pacian
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maryna Surmach
- Head of the Department of Public Health and Health Services, Grodno State Medical University, 230009 Grodno, Belarus;
| | - Dorota Kaleta
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Adam Rzeźnicki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
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Self-Rated Health and Age-Related Differences in Ambulatory Blood Pressure: The Mediating Role of Behavioral and Affective Factors. Psychosom Med 2020; 82:402-408. [PMID: 32150013 PMCID: PMC7196491 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the well-established association between self-rated health (SRH) and health, little is known about the potential psychobiological mechanisms responsible for such links and if these associations differ by age. The main goals of this study were to investigate the links between SRH and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), if age moderated the risk, and the health behavior/affective mechanisms responsible for such links. METHODS A total of 188 men and women (94 married couples; ages, 18-63 years) completed a standard measure of SRH and a 1-day ABP assessment. Multilevel models were run to examine whether SRH was associated with daily ABP and whether these links were moderated by age. The Monte Carlo method was used to construct confidence intervals for mediation analyses. RESULTS Results indicated that poor SRH was associated with higher ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP; b = 3.14, SE = 0.68, p < .001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; b = 1.34, SE = 0.43, p = .002) levels. Age also moderated the links between SRH and ambulatory SBP (b = 0.19, SE = 0.08, p = .011) and DBP (b = 0.14, SE = 0.05, p = .004), with links being stronger in relatively older individuals. However, only daily life negative affect significantly mediated the age by SRH interaction for both ambulatory SBP and DBP. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the potential psychobiological mechanisms linking SRH to longer-term health outcomes. Such work can inform basic theory in the area as well as intervention approaches that target such pathways.
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Rempe HM, Calvani R, Marzetti E, Picca A, Sieber CC, Freiberger E, Landi F. Are Health Behaviors and Self-Rated Health Related to Cardiovascular Health and Functional Performance? Results from the Lookup 7+ Cross-Sectional Survey among Persons Aged 65+. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:379-387. [PMID: 32242205 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular health (CVH) and physical performance (PP) are key factors of successful ageing. This study investigated whether self-reported CVH behaviours and self-rated health (SRH) are related to ideal CVH and PP. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Public places in Italy (e.g. exhibitions, malls, health promotion campaigns), outside of conventional healthcare settings. PARTICIPANTS 1415 community-living persons aged 65+ years (mean age 72.2 ± 5.4; 58.4% female). MEASUREMENTS Three ideal CVH behaviors [regular physical activity (PA), healthy diet, no smoking] and SRH (1 excellent - 4 poor) were assessed through a brief questionnaire. Four ideal CVH factors [iBMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, untreated random total blood cholesterol ≤200 mg/dl, absence of diabetes (untreated random blood glucose ≤200 mg/dl), untreated blood pressure (iBP) <140/90mmHg] and two ideal PP factors [grip strength (iGrip), 5-repetition chair-stand test <10 seconds (iStand)] were measured. RESULTS Adjusted for age and gender, regular PA was positively related to CVH factor score (β = 0.1; p = < .001), iBMI (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.5-2.3), iBP (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.1-1.6) and iStand (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.3-2.1). Healthy diet was positively related to CVH factor score (β = 0.1; p = < .05) and iGrip (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1-1.8). Participants rating SRH as "good" (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1-3.9) and "not so good" (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.2-4.5) met iDiabetes more often than those with poor SRH. Moreover, iStand (OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.6-6.6) and iGrip (OR = 4.2; 95% = CI 2.0-8.8) were more prevalent among participants with excellent SRH compared with those with poor SRH. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity, diet and self-rated health may provide quick and easy-to-assess metrics to identify persons aged 65+ years at risk of cardiovascular events and functional impairment, who could particularly benefit from engaging in health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Rempe
- Hanna M. Rempe, Kobergerstraße 60, 90408 Nürnberg, Germany, E-mail:
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Ogunmoroti O, Utuama OA, Salami JA, Valero-Elizondo J, Spatz ES, Rouseff M, Parris D, Das S, Guzman H, Agatston A, Feldman T, Veledar E, Maziak W, Nasir K. Association between self-rated health and ideal cardiovascular health: The Baptist Health South Florida Employee Study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019; 40:e456-e463. [PMID: 29045671 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence of the role psychosocial factors play as determinants of cardiovascular health (CVH). We examined the association between self-rated health (SRH) and ideal CVH among employees of a large healthcare organization. Methods Data were collected in 2014 from employees of Baptist Health South Florida during an annual voluntary health risk assessment and wellness fair. SRH was measured using a self-administered questionnaire where responses ranged from poor, fair, good, very good to excellent. A CVH score (the proxy for CVH) that ranged from 0 to 14 was calculated, where 0-8 indicate an inadequate score, 9-10, average and 11-14, optimal. A multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between SRH and CVH. Results Of the 9056 participants, 75% were female and mean age (SD) was 43 ± 12 years. The odds of having a higher CVH score increased as SRH improved. With participants who reported their health status as poor-fair serving as reference, adjusted odds ratios for having an optimal CVH score by the categories of SRH were: excellent, 21.04 (15.08-29.36); very good 10.04 (7.25-13.9); and good 3.63 (2.61-5.05). Conclusion Favorable SRH was consistently associated with better CVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ovie A Utuama
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph A Salami
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Javier Valero-Elizondo
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Erica S Spatz
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maribeth Rouseff
- Wellness Advantage Administration, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Don Parris
- Center for Research and Grants, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sankalp Das
- Wellness Advantage Administration, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Henry Guzman
- Employee Health Management, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Arthur Agatston
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,South Beach Preventive Cardiology, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Theodore Feldman
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emir Veledar
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wasim Maziak
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.,The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
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Pool LR, Ning H, Huffman MD, Reis JP, Lloyd-Jones DM, Allen NB. Association of cardiovascular health through early adulthood and health-related quality of life in middle age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Prev Med 2019; 126:105772. [PMID: 31323285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have linked cardiovascular health (CVH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but only in cross-sectional analyses where temporality cannot be established. The aim of this study was to determine trajectories of CVH from early adulthood to middle age, and examine their association with HRQoL in middle age. This analysis, conducted in 2018, included 3275 participants of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who completed a year 30 follow-up exam in 2015/2016. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to create CVH trajectories, according to American Heart Association definitions, from baseline through follow-up year 20. HRQoL was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form Health Survey at year 30, which included the physical component summary score (PCS), the mental component summary score (MCS), and overall self-rated health (SRH). The mean (SD) age of the sample was 55.1 (3.6) years, 1868 (57%) were women, and 1541 (47%) were black. Five CVH trajectories were identified, 31% of CARDIA participants maintained ideal CVH during follow-up. Maintaining ideal CVH was associated with higher PCS and MCS, and lower odds of fair/poor SRH as compared to the other trajectory groups. Compared to the consistently low CVH group, those who maintained ideal CVH had on average a 5.9 point higher PCS (95% CI, 4.2-7.7), a 2.5-point higher MCS (95% CI, 0.5-4.4), and 84% lower odds of fair/poor SRH (95% CI, 0.09, 0.31). Our findings suggest that maintaining ideal CVH from early adulthood results in higher health-related quality of life in middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay R Pool
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Hongyan Ning
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark D Huffman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jared P Reis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Norrina B Allen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chan RWY, Kisa A. A Scoping Review of Health Literacy Measurement Tools in the Context of Cardiovascular Health. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 46:677-688. [PMID: 30829066 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119831754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Despite the strong link between health literacy and cardiovascular health outcomes, health literacy measurements remain flawed and fragmented. There exists a gap in the knowledge when formulating a valid measurement to capture the broad concept of health literacy. The existence of various tools for health literacy measurement also hampers the availability of health literacy data. Additionally, little research is available on a valid measurement tool for cardiovascular health literacy. Objective. This study aims to provide an overview of the health literacy measurement tools used in the context of cardiovascular health. Method. A scoping review was conducted. Two electronic databases, Medline and Embase, were searched to identify studies that described a tool for the measurement of health literacy in the context of cardiovascular health. Results. After reviewing the available studies, 53 studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 26 health literacy measurement tools were identified in the studies. Among the 26 tools, 16 used an objective measurement approach, 9 adopted a subjective approach, and 1 employed a mixed approach. Additionally, 28 studies used tools to measure print literacy, 15 studies measured print literacy and numeracy, and 5 studies measured print literacy, oral literacy, and numeracy. Conclusions. STOFHLA, TOFHLA, and REALM were the mostly commonly used tools in the selected studies. The majority of tools were based heavily on reading skills and word recognition. Researchers should focus on the development of more comprehensive and reliable health literacy measurement tool(s) specific to cardiovascular health to assist health care providers to more efficiently and accurately identify people with cardiovascular problems who have inadequate health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adnan Kisa
- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Poorer cardiovascular health is associated with psychiatric comorbidity: results from the ELSA-Brasil Study. Int J Cardiol 2019; 274:358-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Peng Y, Cao S, Yao Z, Wang Z. Prevalence of the cardiovascular health status in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:1197-1207. [PMID: 30360955 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The American Heart Association has outlined seven cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics, including smoking, body mass index, physical activity, dietary pattern, total cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose, to define and monitor CVH status. Our study was to evaluate the global CVH in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and reference lists of relevant articles for studies published between 1 January 2010 and 30 June 2018. Included studies should report the proportions of ideal status for the seven CVH metrics and/or provide the prevalence of overall poor (having 0-2 ideal metrics) or ideal (having 5-7 ideal metrics) CVH status in adults. 88 articles were identified: 75 for the prevalence of ideal CVH metrics, 58 for the proportion of overall poor CVH status, and 55 for the proportion of overall ideal CVH status. Smoking had the highest prevalence of ideal status (69.1%) while dietary pattern has the lowest (12.1%). 32.2% and 19.6% of participants had overall poor and ideal CVH, respectively. Females and young adults had better CVH status when compared to males and older adults. There existed regional variations in ideal CVH metrics and overall CVH status. The overall CVH status had improved over study time. CONCLUSION The prevalence of ideal status was low for some metrics, such as dietary pattern, and the overall CVH status was still unsatisfactory. We should continue to measure the CVH status and carry out lifestyle interventions to improve the CVH status in the whole population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Peng
- Centre for Chronic Disease, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.
| | - S Cao
- Centre for Longitudinal and Life Course Research, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Z Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Wang
- Centre for Chronic Disease, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
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11
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The Status of Cardiovascular Health in Rural and Urban Areas of Janów Lubelski District in Eastern Poland: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112388. [PMID: 30373289 PMCID: PMC6266283 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) has been defined by the American Heart Association as the lack of cardiovascular disease and the presence of seven key factors and health behaviors. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of ideal and poor CVH among the Polish adult population based on the example of the inhabitants of Janów district in Lubelskie Voivodship, taking the chosen socio-demographic factors into consideration. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 3901 adults without cardiovascular diseases, aged between 35 and 64 years. Participants completed a questionnaire, and they had anthropometric and physiological measurements taken. Blood samples were analyzed for fasting glucose and cholesterol levels. Ideal CVH was found in 5.4% of the participants, with the advantage of being toward city dwellers over those living in the rural areas (6.3% vs. 5.0%) p = 0.02. In the case of the residents of rural areas, their likelihood of having an ideal body mass index (BMI) was found to be 22% lower (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.66–0.92), their likelihood of having an ideal diet was found to be 27% lower (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54–0.94), their likelihood of having perfect blood pressure was found to be 29% lower (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56–0.89), and their likelihood of having the perfect glucose levels was found to be 28% lower (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.63–0.84), than the residents of urban areas. The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular behaviors and factors is lower in the rural community compared with people living in the city. Results indicate that more effort should be dedicated toward the country’s health policy, specifically concerning primary prevention. Preventive actions in the field of cardiovascular disease should be addressed to the residents of rural areas to a larger extent.
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12
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Osibogun O, Ogunmoroti O, Spatz ES, Burke GL, Michos ED. Is self-rated health associated with ideal cardiovascular health? The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Clin Cardiol 2018; 41:1154-1163. [PMID: 29896874 PMCID: PMC6173615 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-rated health (SRH) is an indicator of health status-a determinant of health-promoting behaviors and a predictor of morbidity/mortality. Little is known about the association between SRH and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH), as measured by the AHA Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics, or whether the relationship between SRH and CVH differs by race/ethnicity. HYPOTHESIS Favorable SRH is associated with better CVH. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6457 men and women (4 race/ethnicities) who participated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. SRH was measured on a 5-point Likert scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor). CVH was assessed using the LS7 metrics, each scored from 0 to 2, with a total score of 0 to 14. Scores of 0 to 8 indicate inadequate, 9 to 10, average, and 11 to 14, optimal CVH. ORs and 95% CIs were calculated for associations between SRH and CVH scores using multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, marital status, health insurance, and chronic diseases. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 62 ± 10 years; 53% were female. Odds of ideal CVH increased as SRH improved. Compared with poor-fair SRH, adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for optimal CVH by SRH status were excellent, 4.9 (3.4-7.0); very good, 2.2 (1.6-3.1); and good, 1.5 (1.1-2.1). Results were similar by race/ethnicity, sex, and age groups. CONCLUSIONS More favorable SRH was associated with better CVH, irrespective of sex, race/ethnicity, or age. Further research could explore whether optimization of SRH predicts CVH.
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Grants
- HHSN268201500003C NHLBI NIH HHS
- UL1-RR-025005 National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
- N01-HC-95162 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01-HC-95167 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Blumenthal Scholars Fund for Preventive Cardiology Johns Hopkins University
- N01-HC-95159 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01-HC-95169 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01-HC-95164 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01-HC-95160 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01 HC095162 NHLBI NIH HHS
- UL1-RR-024156 National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
- N01-HC-95165 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HHSN268201500003I NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01-HC-95166 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01-HC-95163 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01 HC095165 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HHSN268201500003I NHLBI NIH HHS
- N01-HC-95168 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- N01-HC-95161 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatokunbo Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social WorkFlorida International UniversityMiamiFlorida
| | - Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular DiseaseBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Erica S. Spatz
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Gregory L. Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth Carolina
| | - Erin D. Michos
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular DiseaseBaltimoreMaryland
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Raymakers AJN, Gillespie P, Murphy E, Cupples ME, Smith SM, Murphy AW, Griffin MD, Benyamini Y, Byrne M. Patient reported health status and all-cause mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. Fam Pract 2018; 35:172-178. [PMID: 29092028 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmx094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) experience reduced quality of life which may be associated with mortality in the longer term. This study explores whether patient-rated physical and mental health status was associated with mortality at 6-year follow-up among patients with CHD attending primary care in Ireland and Northern Ireland. METHODS This study is a secondary data analysis of patients with CHD recruited to a cluster randomized controlled trial from 2004 to 2010. Data collected included patient-rated physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores of health status (from the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12)), demographics and clinical parameters at baseline, and all-cause mortality at 6-year follow-up. Multivariate regression was conducted using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with a log-link function. Results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The study consisted of 762 individuals with mean age 67.6 years [standard deviation (SD): 9.8], and was 29% female. Mean baseline SF-12 mental (MCS) and physical (PCS) component scores were 50.0 (SD: 10.8) and 39.6 (SD: 11.2), respectively. At 6-year follow-up, the adjusted OR for the baseline MCS for mortality was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99) and for the PCS 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99). For every five-point increase in MCS and PCS scores, there was a 14% reduction in the likelihood of all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the magnitude of effect for both mental health status and physical health status was similar; higher scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality at 6-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J N Raymakers
- CÚRAM SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Health Economics and Policy Analysis Centre, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Paddy Gillespie
- CÚRAM SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Health Economics and Policy Analysis Centre, Department of Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Edel Murphy
- HRB Primary Care Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Margaret E Cupples
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health (Northern Ireland), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Susan M Smith
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew W Murphy
- HRB Primary Care Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Discipline of General Practice, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Matthew D Griffin
- CÚRAM SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yael Benyamini
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Molly Byrne
- Health Behaviour Change Research Group, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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