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Zwackman S, Häggström J, Hagström E, Jernberg T, Karlsson JE, Lawesson SS, Leosdottir M, Ravn-Fischer A, Eriksson M, Alfredsson J. Management and outcome in foreign-born vs native-born patients with myocardial infarction in Sweden. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2024; 10:507-522. [PMID: 38453451 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies on disparities in healthcare and outcomes have shown conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess differences in baseline characteristics, management, and outcomes in myocardial infarction (MI) patients, by country of birth. METHODS AND RESULTS In total, 194 259 MI patients (64% male, 15% foreign-born) from the nationwide SWEDEHEART (The Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) registry were included and compared by geographic region of birth. The primary outcome was 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including all-cause death, MI, and stroke. Secondary outcomes were long-term MACE (up to 12 years), the individual components of MACE, 30-day mortality, management, and risk factors. Logistic regression, Cox proportional hazard models, and propensity score match (PSM), accounting for baseline differences, were used. Foreign-born patients were younger, often male, and had a higher cardiovascular (CV) risk factor burden, including smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. In PSM analyses, Asia-born patients had higher likelihood of revascularization [odds ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.30], statins and beta-blocker prescription at discharge, and a 34% lower risk of 30-day mortality. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were found in primary outcomes except for Asia-born patients having lower risk of 1-year MACE [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.98], driven by lower mortality (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.57-0.91). The results persisted over the long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION This study shows that in a system with universal healthcare coverage in which acute and secondary preventive treatments do not differ by country of birth, foreign-born patients, despite higher CV risk factor burden, will do at least as well as native-born patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy Zwackman
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Jenny Häggström
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business, Economics and Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Emil Hagström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskölds Väg 38, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Jan-Erik Karlsson
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping 551 85, Sweden
| | - Sofia Sederholm Lawesson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
| | - Margret Leosdottir
- Department of Cardiology, Skane University Hospital, Carl-Bertil Laurells gata 9, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19 - BMC 112, 221 84 Lund, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annica Ravn-Fischer
- Institution of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Box 100, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie Eriksson
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business, Economics and Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Joakim Alfredsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
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Skalsky K, Shiyovich A, Shechter A, Gilutz H, Plakht Y. Recovery from Acute Kidney Injury and Long-Term Prognosis following Acute Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1490. [PMID: 39062062 PMCID: PMC11274707 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the recovery pattern from acute kidney injury (AKI) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its association with long-term mortality. The retrospective study included AMI patients (2002-2027), who developed AKI during hospitalization. Creatinine (Cr) measurements were collected and categorized into 24 h timeframes up to 7 days from AKI diagnosis. The following groups of recovery patterns were defined: rapid (24-48 h)/no rapid and early (72-144 h)/no early recovery. Specific cut-off points for recovery at each AKI stage and timeframe were determined through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The probability of long-term (up to 10 years) mortality as a post-AKI recovery was investigated using a survival approach. Out of 17,610 AMI patients, 1069 developed AKI. For stage 1 AKI, patients with a Cr ratio <1.5 at 24 h and/or <1.45 at 48 h were defined as 'rapid recovery'; for stages 2-3 AKI, a Cr ratio <2.5 at 96 h was defined as 'early recovery'. Mortality risk in stage 1 AKI was higher among the non-rapidly recovered: AdjHR = 1.407; 95% CI: 1.086-1.824; p = 0.010. Among stages 2-3 AKI patients, the risk for long-term mortality was higher among patients who did not recover in the early period: AdjHR = 1.742; 95% CI: 1.085-2.797; p = 0.022. The absence of rapid recovery in stage 1 AKI and lack of early recovery in stages 2-3 AKI are associated with higher long-term mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Skalsky
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel; (K.S.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Arthur Shiyovich
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel; (K.S.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alon Shechter
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 4941492, Israel; (K.S.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Harel Gilutz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
| | - Ygal Plakht
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 8457108, Israel
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Zhu L, Huang BT, Chen M. The mortality risk after myocardial infraction in migrants compared with natives: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1101386. [PMID: 37293275 PMCID: PMC10244764 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective The evidence on the risk of mortality after myocardial infarction (MI) among migrants compared with natives is mixed and limited. The aim of this study is to assess the mortality risk after MI in migrants compared to natives. Methods This study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42022350876. We searched the Medline and Embase databases, without time and language constraints, for cohort studies that reported the risk of mortality after MI in migrants compared to natives. The migration status is confirmed by country of birth, both migrants and natives are general terms and are not restricted to a particular country or area of destination or origin. Two reviewers separately screened searched studies according to selection criteria, extracted data, and assessed data quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and risk of bias of included studies. Pooled estimates of adjusted and unadjusted mortality after MI were calculated separately using a random-effects model, and subgroup analysis was performed by region of origin and follow-up time. Result A total of 6 studies were enrolled, including 34,835 migrants and 284,629 natives. The pooled adjusted all-cause mortality of migrants after MI was higher than that of natives (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10-1.39; I2 = 83.1%), while the the pooled unadjusted mortality of migrants after MI was not significantly different from that of natives (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.69-1.79; I2 = 99.3%). In subgroup analyses, adjusted 5-10 years mortality (3 studies) was higher in the migrant population (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.12-1.45; I2 = 86.8%), while adjusted 30 days (4 studies) and 1-3 years (3 studies) mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. Migrants from Europe (4 studies) (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.16-1.55; I2 = 39%), Africa (3 studies) (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 01.31-1.72; I2 = 0%), and Latin America (2 studies) (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.30-1.60; I2 = 0%) had significantly higher rates of post-MI mortality than natives, with the exception of migrants of Asian origin (4 studies) (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.99-1.46; I2 = 72.7%). Conclusions Migrants tend to have lower socioeconomic status, greater psychological stress, less social support, limited access to health care resources, etc., therefore, face a higher risk of mortality after MI in the long term compared to natives. Further research is needed to confirm our conclusions, and more attention should be paid to the cardiovascular health of migrants. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: r CRD42022350876.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bao-tao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Lee J, Lee S, Street WN, Polgreen LA. Machine learning approaches to predict the 1-year-after-initial-AMI survival of elderly patients. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2022; 22:115. [PMID: 35488291 PMCID: PMC9052482 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-022-01854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are available, their results may not be generalizable to older, unhealthier or less-adherent patients. Observational data can be used to predict outcomes and evaluate treatments; however, exactly which strategy should be used to analyze the outcomes of treatment using observational data is currently unclear. This study aimed to determine the most accurate machine learning technique to predict 1-year-after-initial-acute-myocardial-infarction (AMI) survival of elderly patients and to identify the association of angiotensin-converting- enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ACEi/ARBs) with survival. METHODS We built a cohort of 124,031 Medicare beneficiaries who experienced an AMI in 2007 or 2008. For analytical purposes, all variables were categorized into nine different groups: ACEi/ARB use, demographics, cardiac events, comorbidities, complications, procedures, medications, insurance, and healthcare utilization. Our outcome of interest was 1-year-post-AMI survival. To solve this classification task, we used lasso logistic regression (LLR) and random forest (RF), and compared their performance depending on category selection, sampling methods, and hyper-parameter selection. Nested 10-fold cross-validation was implemented to obtain an unbiased estimate of performance evaluation. We used the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) as our primary measure for evaluating the performance of predictive algorithms. RESULTS LLR consistently showed best AUC results throughout the experiments, closely followed by RF. The best prediction was yielded with LLR based on the combination of demographics, comorbidities, procedures, and utilization. The coefficients from the final LLR model showed that AMI patients with many comorbidities, older ages, or living in a low-income area have a higher risk of mortality 1-year after an AMI. In addition, treating the AMI patients with ACEi/ARBs increases the 1-year-after-initial-AMI survival rate of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Given the many features we examined, ACEi/ARBs were associated with increased 1-year survival among elderly patients after an AMI. We found LLR to be the best-performing model over RF to predict 1-year survival after an AMI. LLR greatly improved the generalization of the model by feature selection, which implicitly indicates the association between AMI-related variables and survival can be defined by a relatively simple model with a small number of features. Some comorbidities were associated with a greater risk of mortality, such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease, but others were associated with survival such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. In addition, patients who live in urban areas and areas with large numbers of immigrants have a higher probability of survival. Machine learning methods are helpful to determine outcomes when RCT results are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Lee
- Department of Business Analytics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Sulyun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - W Nick Street
- Department of Business Analytics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Linnea A Polgreen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
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Jánosi A, Pach FP, Erdős G, Csató G, Pápai G, Andréka P. Incidence, pre-hospital delay and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction in big regions of Hungary: Population data from the Hungarian myocardial infarction registry. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14831. [PMID: 34510670 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the incidence and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as well as 30-day and 1-year prognoses of patients in different regions of Hungary. According to the statistical system of the European Union, Hungary can be divided into three major socio-economic regions-west Hungary, central Hungary and east Hungary. METHODS AND RESULTS The Hungarian Myocardial Infarction Registry (HUMIR) is a prospective comprehensive and mandatory disease registry for patients with AMI. The total population of Hungary is currently 9.8 million: 39% live in the eastern region (ER), 31% in the central region (CR) and 30% in the western region (WR). Population over 30 years, the age-standardised incidence of AMI was 177.5 (175.7-179.3) per 100 000 person-year. During hospital treatment, 82.5%-84.6% of patients with ST-elevation (STEMI) and 54.8%-58.8% without ST-elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction underwent PCI. The total ischaemic time of patients with STEMI was shortest in WR (221 minutes) compared with two other regions (CR: 225 minutes and ER: 262 minutes). In the STEMI group, the 30-day mortality rates of male patients were lowest in the WR (P = .03). If PCI was performed, mortality rates for both sexes were lowest in the WR (P < .01; P = .04). The 1-year mortality rate in the male population who received PCI was lowest in the WR. In the NSTEMI group, the 30-day mortality rate exhibited no differences. Regarding 1-year mortality, those who underwent PCI in the WR showed the lowest mortality. CONCLUSION The major regions of Hungary revealed significant differences regarding the incidence, prehospital delay, treatment and mortality of AMI. Logistic regression analysis confirmed the independent prognostic significance of the region on the 30-day mortality of patients with STEMI (hazard ratio = 0.88, P = .0114; CI: 0.80-0.97).
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Affiliation(s)
- András Jánosi
- Gottsegen National Cardiovascular Centre, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Gábor Csató
- National Ambulance Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Péter Andréka
- Gottsegen National Cardiovascular Centre, Budapest, Hungary
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Xu L, Wang L, Li K, Zhang Z, Sun H, Yang X. Nicorandil prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention improves clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1389-1400. [PMID: 31118574 PMCID: PMC6499143 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s195918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nicorandil prior to reperfusion by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been suggested to be beneficial. However, results of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were not consistent. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the effect of periprocedural nicorandil in these patients. Methods: Related studies were obtained by searching PubMed, Embase and Cochrane's Library. Effects of perioperative nicorandil on the incidence of no-reflow phenomenon (NRP), corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (CTFC), wall motion score (WMS), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), heart failure (HF) exacerbation of rehospitalization and incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) were analyzed. Results: Eighteen RCTs with 2,055 patients were included. Treatment of nicorandil prior to PCI significantly reduced the incidence of NRP (risk ratio [RR]: 0.47, P<0.001), and reduced CTFC (weighed mean difference [WMD]: -4.54, P<0.001) immediately after PCI. Moreover, although nicorandil did not significantly affect WMS (WMD: 0.04, P=0.91), treatment of nicorandil significantly increased LVEF in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI (WMD: 1.89%, P<0.001). In addition, nicorandil significantly reduced the risk of HF exacerbation or rehospitalization (RR: 0.44, P=0.001) and the incidence of MACE (RR: 0.68, P<0.001). Further analyses showed that effects of nicorandil on LVEF, HF exacerbation and MACE were consistent within one month after PCI and during follow-up. Conclusions: Periprocedural nicorandil improves coronary blood flow, cardiac systolic function and prognosis in STEMI patients receiving primary PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuibao Li
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China
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Zhou M, Liu J, Hao Y, Liu J, Huo Y, Smith SC, Ge J, Ma C, Han Y, Fonarow GC, Taubert KA, Morgan L, Yang N, Xing Y, Zhao D. Prevalence and in-hospital outcomes of diabetes among patients with acute coronary syndrome in China: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome Project. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:147. [PMID: 30482187 PMCID: PMC6258152 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines have classified patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes as a special population, with specific sections presented for the management of these patients considering their extremely high risk. However, in China up-to-date information is lacking regarding the burden of diabetes in patients with ACS and the potential impact of diabetes status on the in-hospital outcomes of these patients. This study aims to provide updated estimation for the burden of diabetes in patients with ACS in China and to evaluate whether diabetes is still associated with excess risks of early mortality and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) for ACS patients. METHODS The Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS Project was a collaborative study of the American Heart Association and the Chinese Society of Cardiology. A total of 63,450 inpatients with a definitive diagnosis of ACS were included. Prevalence of diabetes was evaluated in the overall study population and subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the association between diabetes and in-hospital outcomes, and a propensity-score-matched analysis was further conducted. RESULTS Among these ACS patients, 23,880 (37.6%) had diabetes/possible diabetes. Both STEMI and NSTE-ACS patients had a high prevalence of diabetes/possible diabetes (36.8% versus 39.0%). The prevalence of diabetes/possible diabetes was higher in women (45.0% versus 35.2%, p < 0.001). Even in patients younger than 45 years, 26.9% had diabetes/possible diabetes. While receiving comparable treatments for ACS, diabetes/possible diabetes was associated with a twofold higher risk of all-cause death (adjusted odds ratio 2.04 [95% confidence interval 1.78-2.33]) and a 1.5-fold higher risk of MACCE (adjusted odds ratio 1.54 [95% confidence interval 1.39-1.72]). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes was highly prevalent in patients with ACS in China. Considerable excess risks for early mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events were found in these patients. Trial registration NCT02306616. Registered December 3, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yongchen Hao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sidney C Smith
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Gregg C Fonarow
- Division of Cardiology, Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn A Taubert
- Department of International Science, American Heart Association, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Louise Morgan
- International Quality Improvement Department, American Heart Association, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yueyan Xing
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Tempe DK, Dhir A. Ethnicity and Health Care. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018; 33:394-395. [PMID: 29903681 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Tempe
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care GB Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research New Delhi, India
| | - Achal Dhir
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Western University London Health Sciences Center University Hospital London, Ontario, Canada
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