1
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Choi H, Im DH, Park YH, Lee JW, Yoon SJ, Hwang UK. Ingestion and egestion of polystyrene microplastic fragments by the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119217. [PMID: 35421553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine microplastics (MPs) pose a risk to human health through accumulation in maricultural organisms, particularly bivalves. Various studies have reported the presence of MP particles in Pacific oysters (Crasostrea gigas). In this study, we investigated the size-specific ingestion and egestion of polystyrene (PS) MPs by Pacific oysters. The cultivation density of C. gigas was maintained at 1 L of filtered seawater per oyster (n = 5) during the MP ingestion and egestion experiments. On exposure to 300 n/L of PS MP fragments for 7 d, 60.4% of the PS was ingested within 6 h (7.25 × 102 ± 1.36 × 102 n/indv.), and the ingestion was saturated at 12 h (1.2 × 103 ± 2.2 × 102 n/indv.) in C. gigas. The maximum MP ingestion capacity (Igmax) of a single Pacific oyster was 73.0 ± 16.3 n/g wet weight. Further, 62.9% of the PS MP particles were egested for 7 d from the saturated single C. gigas. Ingestion and egestion varied according to the PS MP size. In the case of <50 μm PS MP, ingestion rate was low but MP amount and net-ingestion efficiency was significantly higher than other PS MP sizes. In addition, egestion, egestion rate, and net-egestion efficiency for <50 μm PS MPs were significantly higher than other PS MP sizes. Therefore, smaller MPs (<50 μm) normally exhibit the highest ingestion and egestion rates; therefore, the 50-300 μm size fraction exhibited the highest residual possibility (particles >1000 μm were excluded). Additionally, considering the net-egestion efficiency, the most economical and efficient depuration period was 24 h. This study clarifies the size-specific MP accumulation in oysters, and the egestion results suggest that the potential risk of MPs to human health through the intake of maricultural products could be reduced by depuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Choi
- Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering (KRISO), Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Im
- Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ho Park
- Fisheries Resources and Environment Division, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Incheon, 22383, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Wook Lee
- Fisheries Resources and Environment Division, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Incheon, 22383, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Yoon
- Ulleungdo-Docdo Ocean Science Station, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Ulleung-gun, 40205, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
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2
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Mudadu A, Spanu C, Pantoja J, Dos Santos M, De Oliveira C, Salza S, Piras G, Uda M, Virgilio S, Giagnoni L, Pereira J, Tedde T. Association between Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. food safety criteria in live bivalve molluscs from wholesale and retail markets. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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3
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Amoroso MG, Di Concilio D, Langellotti AL, Martello A, Cioffi B, Suffredini E, Cozzi L, Russo V, Mauriello G, Di Pasquale S, Galiero G, Fusco G. Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Digital PCR to Evaluate Residual Quantity of HAV in Experimentally Depurated Mussels. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2021; 13:329-336. [PMID: 33730340 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-021-09470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics of hepatitis A virus (HAV) accumulation and depuration from mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) was studied in an experimental depuration system. Different parameters likely to influence the rate of virus accumulation and elimination were evaluated. Analyses were carried out by both real-time RT-qPCR and digital PCR. Results demonstrated that the animals start to concentrate the virus already after one hour and reach the maximum level of contamination in 6 h of experiment. With respect to depuration, HAV showed a rapid reduction of the concentration (89%) during the first 24-48 h of experiment and a very slow virus decrement in the following days with a 1% residual RNA at the ninth day of depuration. When process parameters likely to increase the depuration rate (presence of ozone, microalgal feeding, presence of lactic bacteria, pre-treatment with digestive enzymes) were tested, no significant differences in the kinetics were observed. Only treatment with pancreatin seemed to positively affect depuration in the first two days of the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Amoroso
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Zooprofilactic and Experimental Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute n. 2, Portici (Naples), Italy.
| | - Denise Di Concilio
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Zooprofilactic and Experimental Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute n. 2, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Antonio Luca Langellotti
- CAISIAL-Aquaculture division, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università n.133, Portici (Naples), Italy.
| | - Anna Martello
- CAISIAL-Aquaculture division, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università n.133, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Barbara Cioffi
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Zooprofilactic and Experimental Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute n. 2, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Suffredini
- Dipartimento Di Sicurezza Alimentare, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Nutrizione E Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Rep. Sicurezza Alimentare E Malattie Trasmesse Dagli Alimenti, Viale Regina Elena n. 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cozzi
- Dipartimento Di Sicurezza Alimentare, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Nutrizione E Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Rep. Sicurezza Alimentare E Malattie Trasmesse Dagli Alimenti, Viale Regina Elena n. 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino n. 2, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mauriello
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università n.133, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Di Pasquale
- Dipartimento Di Sicurezza Alimentare, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Nutrizione E Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Rep. Sicurezza Alimentare E Malattie Trasmesse Dagli Alimenti, Viale Regina Elena n. 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Galiero
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Zooprofilactic and Experimental Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute n. 2, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Zooprofilactic and Experimental Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute n. 2, Portici (Naples), Italy
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4
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Pereira C, Costa P, Duarte J, Balcão VM, Almeida A. Phage therapy as a potential approach in the biocontrol of pathogenic bacteria associated with shellfish consumption. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 338:108995. [PMID: 33316593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Infectious human diseases acquired from bivalve shellfish consumption constitute a public health threat. These health threats are largely related to the filter-feeding phenomenon, by which bivalve organisms retain and concentrate pathogenic bacteria from their surrounding waters. Even after depuration, bivalve shellfish are still involved in outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria, which increases the demand for new and efficient strategies to control transmission of shellfish infection. Bacteriophage (or phage) therapy represents a promising, tailor-made approach to control human pathogens in bivalves, but its success depends on a deep understanding of several factors that include the bacterial communities present in the harvesting waters, the appropriate selection of phage particles, the multiplicity of infection that produces the best bacterial inactivation, chemical and physical factors, the emergence of phage-resistant bacterial mutants and the life cycle of bivalves. This review discusses the need to advance phage therapy research for bivalve decontamination, highlighting their efficiency as an antimicrobial strategy and identifying critical aspects to successfully apply this therapy to control human pathogens associated with bivalve consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pereira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Costa
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Duarte
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Victor M Balcão
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; PhageLab-Laboratory of Biofilms and Bacteriophages, University of Sorocaba, 18023-000 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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5
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Randazzo W, Sánchez G. Hepatitis A infections from food. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:1120-1132. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Randazzo
- Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies IATA‐CSIC Valencia Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - G. Sánchez
- Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies IATA‐CSIC Valencia Spain
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6
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Santos-Ferreira N, Mesquita JR, Rivadulla E, Inácio ÂS, Nascimento MSJ, Romalde J, Martins da Costa P. Norovirus contamination of sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus): Potential food risk for consumers. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.107041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Amoroso MG, Langellotti AL, Russo V, Martello A, Monini M, Di Bartolo I, Ianiro G, Di Concilio D, Galiero G, Fusco G. Accumulation and Depuration Kinetics of Rotavirus in Mussels Experimentally Contaminated. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2020; 12:48-57. [PMID: 31691900 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-019-09413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bivalve mollusks as filter-feeders concentrate in their digestive tissue microorganisms likely present in the harvesting water, thus becoming risky food especially if consumed raw or poorly cooked. To eliminate bacteria and viruses eventually accumulated, they must undergo a depuration process which efficacy on viruses is on debate. To better clarify the worth of the depuration process on virus elimination from mussels, in this study we investigated rotavirus kinetics of accumulation and depuration in Mytilus galloprovincialis experimentally contaminated. Depuration process was monitored for 9 days and virus residual presence and infectivity were evaluated by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, cell culture and electron microscopy at days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 of depuration. Variables like presence of ozone and of microalgae feeding were also analyzed as possible depuration enhancers. Results showed a two-phase virus removal kinetic with a high decrease in the first 24 h of depuration and 5 days necessary to completely remove rotavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Amoroso
- Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute, 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Antonio Luca Langellotti
- Aquaculture Division, CAISIAL Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Salute, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Valeria Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 2, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Martello
- Aquaculture Division, CAISIAL Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Salute, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Marina Monini
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Bartolo
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ianiro
- Istituto Superiore Di Sanità Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Di Concilio
- Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute, 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Galiero
- Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute, 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute, 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy.
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8
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Martinez-Albores A, Lopez-Santamarina A, Rodriguez JA, Ibarra IS, Mondragón ADC, Miranda JM, Lamas A, Cepeda A. Complementary Methods to Improve the Depuration of Bivalves: A Review. Foods 2020; 9:E129. [PMID: 31991702 PMCID: PMC7074382 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalves are filter feeders that can accumulate and concentrate waterborne contaminants present in the water in which they live. Biotoxins, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and heavy metals present in the aquaculture environment constitute the main hazards for human health. The most common method employed for combating waterborne pollutants in bivalves is depuration with purified seawater. Although this method is effective at increasing the microbiological quality of bivalves, in most cases, it is ineffective at eliminating other risks, such as, for example, viruses or heavy metals. Biological (bacteriocins and bacteriophages), physical (UV light, ozone, and gamma-irradiation), chemical (metallothioneins and chitosan), and other industrial processing methods have been found to be useful for eliminating some contaminants from seawater. The aim of this work was to provide a review of academic articles concerning the use of treatments complementary to conventional depuration, aiming to improve depuration process efficiency by reducing depuration times and decreasing the levels of the most difficult-to-erase contaminants. We conclude that there are different lab-tested strategies that can reduce depuration times and increase the food safety of bivalve produce, with possible short- and long-term industrial applications that could improve the competitivity of the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Martinez-Albores
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (A.L.-S.); (A.d.C.M.); (J.M.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Aroa Lopez-Santamarina
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (A.L.-S.); (A.d.C.M.); (J.M.M.); (A.L.)
| | - José Antonio Rodriguez
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, 42076 Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.R.); (I.S.I.)
| | - Israel Samuel Ibarra
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, 42076 Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico; (J.A.R.); (I.S.I.)
| | - Alicia del Carmen Mondragón
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (A.L.-S.); (A.d.C.M.); (J.M.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Jose Manuel Miranda
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (A.L.-S.); (A.d.C.M.); (J.M.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Alexandre Lamas
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (A.L.-S.); (A.d.C.M.); (J.M.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (A.L.-S.); (A.d.C.M.); (J.M.M.); (A.L.)
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9
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Sferlazzo G, Meloni D, Lamon S, Marceddu M, Mureddu A, Consolati SG, Pisanu M, Virgilio S. Evaluation of short purification cycles in naturally contaminated Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) harvested in Sardinia (Italy). Food Microbiol 2018; 74:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Romalde JL, Rivadulla E, Varela MF, Barja JL. An overview of 20 years of studies on the prevalence of human enteric viruses in shellfish from Galicia, Spain. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 124:943-957. [PMID: 29094428 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Galicia (NW Spain) has 1490 km of coastline, and its particular topography, characterized by the presence of fiord-like inlets, called rías, with an important primary production, makes this region very favourable for shellfish growth and culture. In fact, Galicia is one of the most important mussel producers in the world. Due to its proximity to cities and villages and the anthropogenic activities in these estuaries, and despite the routine official controls on the bivalve harvesting areas, contamination with material of faecal origin is sometimes possible but, current regulation based on Escherichia coli as an indicator micro-organism has been revealed as useful for bacterial contaminants, this is not the case for enteric viruses. The aim of this review is to offer a picture on the situation of different harvesting areas in Galicia, from a virological standpoint. A recompilation of results obtained in the last 20 years is presented, including not only the data for the well-known agents norovirus (NoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) but also data on emerging viral hazards, including sapovirus (SaV), hepatitis E virus (HEV) and aichivirus (AiV). Epidemiological differences related to diverse characteristics of the harvesting areas, viral genotype distribution or epidemiological links between environmental and clinical strains will also be presented and discussed. The presentation of these historical data all together could be useful for future decisions by competent authorities for a better management of shellfish growing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Romalde
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - E Rivadulla
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M F Varela
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J L Barja
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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11
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Suffredini E, Proroga YTR, Di Pasquale S, Di Maro O, Losardo M, Cozzi L, Capuano F, De Medici D. Occurrence and Trend of Hepatitis A Virus in Bivalve Molluscs Production Areas Following a Contamination Event. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2017; 9:423-433. [PMID: 28452010 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-017-9302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the trend of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in a coastal zone impacted by a contamination event, providing data for the development of management strategies. A total of 352 samples, including four bivalve mollusc species (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Solen vagina, Venus gallina and Donax trunculus), were taken over a period of 6 months from 27 production areas of the coast and analysis were performed according to ISO/TS 15216-1:2013. HAV presence was detected in 77 samples from 11 production areas and all positive results were related to samples collected in the first 3 months of the surveillance, during which HAV prevalence was 39.9% and values as high as 5096 genome copies/g were detected. A progressive reduction of viral contamination was evident during the first trimester of the monitoring, with prevalence decreasing from 78.8% in the first month, to 37.8% in the second and 3.9% in the third and quantitative levels reduced from an average value of 672 genome copies/g to 255 genome copies/g over a period of 4 weeks (virus half-life: 21.5 days). A regression analysis showed that, during the decreasing phase of the contamination, the data fitted a reciprocal quadratic model (Ra2 = 0.921) and, based on the model, a residual presence of HAV could be estimated after negativization of the production areas. The statistical analysis of the results per shellfish species and per production area showed that there were limited differences in contamination prevalence and levels among diverse bivalve species, while a statistically significant difference was present in quantitative levels of one production area. These data could be useful for the development of both risk assessment models and code of practice for the management of viral contamination in primary production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Suffredini
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Yolande Thérèse Rose Proroga
- Department of Food Inspection, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Di Pasquale
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Orlandina Di Maro
- Department of Food Inspection, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Losardo
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cozzi
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Capuano
- Department of Food Inspection, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario De Medici
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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12
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Sánchez G. Processing Strategies to Inactivate Hepatitis A Virus in Food Products: A Critical Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Sánchez
- Dept. of Microbiology and Ecology; Univ. of Valencia, Dr. Moliner; 50. Burjassot Valencia Spain
- Inst. of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA); Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC); Agustín Escardino, 7. Paterna Valencia Spain
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13
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Polo D, Feal X, Romalde JL. Mathematical model for viral depuration kinetics in shellfish: An useful tool to estimate the risk for the consumers. Food Microbiol 2015; 49:220-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Polo D, Feal X, Varela MF, Monteagudo A, Romalde JL. Depuration kinetics of murine norovirus in shellfish. Food Res Int 2014; 64:182-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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