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Abd El-Ghany WA, Algammal AM, Hetta HF, Elbestawy AR. Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a comprehensive review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:383. [PMID: 37889324 PMCID: PMC10611880 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis (G. anatis), a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, normally inhabits the upper respiratory and lower genital tracts of poultry. However, under certain circumstances of immunosuppression, co-infection (especially with Escherichia coli or Mycoplasma), or various stressors, G. anatis caused respiratory, reproductive, and systemic diseases. Infection with G. anatis has emerged in different countries worldwide. The bacterium affects mainly chickens; however, other species of domestic and wild birds may get infected. Horizontal, vertical, and venereal routes of G. anatis infection have been reported. The pathogenicity of G. anatis is principally related to the presence of some essential virulence factors such as Gallibacterium toxin A, fimbriae, haemagglutinin, outer membrane vesicles, capsule, biofilms, and protease. The clinical picture of G. anatis infection is mainly represented as tracheitis, oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, while other lesions may be noted in cases of concomitant infection. Control of such infection depends mainly on applying biosecurity measures and vaccination. The antimicrobial sensitivity test is necessary for the correct treatment of G. anatis. However, the development of multiple drug resistance is common. This review article sheds light on G. anatis regarding history, susceptibility, dissemination, virulence factors, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Abdelazeem M Algammal
- Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, 22511, Egypt
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Karwańska M, Wieliczko A, Bojesen AM, Villumsen KR, Krzyżewska-Dudek E, Woźniak-Biel A. Isolation and characterization of multidrug resistant Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica strains from Polish geese and hens. Vet Res 2023; 54:67. [PMID: 37612766 PMCID: PMC10463661 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis biovar haemolytica is a bacterium that is frequently associated with infections of the reproductive tract and respiratory system in poultry. To assess the current prevalence and resistance profile of these bacteria in Poland, we collected and investigated 63 strains of Gallibacterium from diseased domestic poultry flocks including geese, laying hens, breeding hens and an ornamental hen. Detailed characterization of the isolates included the analysis of phenotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles and biofilm formation ability. Furthermore, the genetic background of 40 selected isolates regarding the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes and mobile genetic elements was determined. All investigated isolates were multidrug resistant, most prominently to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides and macrolides. A total of 48 different resistance profiles were detected. Of all isolates, 50.8% formed a strong biofilm, where strains isolated from geese appeared to be better at biofilm formation than strains isolated from laying and breeding hens. Single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping revealed that G. anatis bv. haemolytica strains are restricted in host and geographical distribution, and the geese isolates showed greater phylogenetic similarity. Whole genome sequencing enabled identification of 25 different antimicrobial resistance determinants. The most common resistance genes were tetB, blaROB-1, and blaTEM-1 which may be located on mobile genetic elements. All isolates possessed the toxin gene gtxA, and the fimbrial gene flfA was identified in 95% of strains. Our results indicated that all G. anatis bv. haemolytica isolates showed multidrug resistant phenotypes. Strains isolated from geese were characterized by the highest percentage of isolates resistant to selected antimicrobials, probably reflecting host-related adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Karwańska
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Alina Wieliczko
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Rømer Villumsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Krzyżewska-Dudek
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Woźniak-Biel
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Buszewski B, Błońska D, Kłodzińska E, Konop M, Kubesová A, Šalplachta J. Determination of Pathogens by Electrophoretic and Spectrometric Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37326587 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2219748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In modern medical diagnostics, where analytical chemistry plays a key role, fast and accurate identification of pathogens is becoming increasingly important. Infectious diseases pose a growing threat to public health due to population growth, international air travel, bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and other factors. For instance, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patient samples is a key tool to monitor the spread of the disease. While there are several techniques for identifying pathogens by their genetic code, most of these methods are too expensive or slow to effectively analyze clinical and environmental samples that may contain hundreds or even thousands of different microbes. Standard approaches (e.g., culture media and biochemical assays) are known to be very time- and labor-intensive. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the problems associated with the analysis and identification of pathogens that cause many serious infections. Special attention was paid to the description of mechanisms and the explanation of the phenomena and processes occurring on the surface of pathogens as biocolloids (charge distribution). This review also highlights the importance of electromigration techniques and demonstrates their potential for pathogen pre-separation and fractionation and demonstrates the use of spectrometric methods, such as MALDI-TOF MS, for their detection and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusław Buszewski
- Prof. Jan Czochralski Kuyavian-Pomeranian Research & Development Centre, Torun, Poland
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
| | - Dominika Błońska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Torun, Poland
| | - Ewa Kłodzińska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Konop
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kubesová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šalplachta
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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Aerosol delivered irradiated Escherichia coli confers serotype-independent protection and prevents colibacillosis in young chickens. Vaccine 2023; 41:1342-1353. [PMID: 36642629 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli causes colibacillosis in chickens, which has severe economic and public health consequences. For the first time, we investigated the efficacy of gamma-irradiated E. coli to prevent colibacillosis in chickens considering different strains and application routes. Electron microscopy, alamarBlue assay and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of- flight mass spectrometry showed that the cellular structure, metabolic activity and protein profiles of irradiated and non-treated E. coli PA14/17480/5-ovary (serotype O1:K1) were similar. Subsequently, three animal trials were performed using the irradiated E. coli and clinical signs, pathological lesions and bacterial colonization in systemic organs were assessed. In the first animal trial, the irradiated E. coli PA14/17480/5-ovary administered at 7 and 21 days of age via aerosol and oculonasal routes, respectively, prevented the occurrence of lesions and systemic bacterial spread after homologous challenge, as efficient as live infection or formalin-killed cells. In the second trial, a single aerosol application of the same irradiated strain in one-day old chickens was efficacious against challenges with a homologous or a heterologous strain (undefined serotype). The aerosol application elicited better protection as compared to oculonasal route. Finally, in the third trial, efficacy against E. coli PA15/19103-3 (serotype O78:K80) was shown. Additionally, previous results of homologous protection were reconfirmed. The irradiated PA15/19103-3 strain, which also showed lower metabolic activity, was less preferred even for the homologous protection, underlining the importance of the vaccine strain. In all the trials, the irradiated E. coli did not provoke antibody response indicating the importance of innate or cell mediated immunity for protection. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study showed that the non-adjuvanted single aerosol application of irradiated "killed but metabolically active" E. coli provided promising results to prevent colibacillosis in chickens at an early stage of life. The findings open new avenues for vaccine production with E. coli in chickens using irradiation technology.
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Sanchez-Alonso P, Cobos-Justo E, Avalos-Rangel MA, López-Reyes L, Paniagua-Contreras GL, Vaca-Paniagua F, Anastacio-Marcelino E, López-Ochoa AJ, Pérez Marquez VM, Negrete-Abascal E, Vázquez-Cruz C. A Maverick-like cluster in the genome of a pathogenic, moderately virulent strain of Gallibacterium anatis, ESV200, a transient biofilm producer. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1084766. [PMID: 36778889 PMCID: PMC9909271 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1084766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gallibacterium anatis causes gallibacteriosis in birds. These bacteria produce biofilms and secrete several fimbrial appendages as tools to cause disease in animals. G. anatis strains contain up to three types of fimbriae. Complete genome sequencing is the strategy currently used to determine variations in the gene content of G. anatis, although today only the completely circularized genome of G. anatis UMN179 is available. Methods The appearance of growth of various strains of G. anatis in liquid culture medium was studied. Biofilm production and how the amount of biofilm was affected by DNase, Proteinase K, and Pronase E enzymes were analyzed. Fimbrial gene expression was performed by protein analysis and qRT-PCR. In an avian model, the pathogenesis generated by the strains G. anatis ESV200 and 12656-12 was investigated. Using bioinformatic tools, the complete genome of G. anatis ESV200 was comparatively studied to search for virulence factors that would help explain the pathogenic behavior of this strain. Results and Discussion G. anatis ESV200 strain differs from the 12656-12 strain because it produces a biofilm at 20%. G. anatis ESV200 strain express fimbrial genes and produces biofilm but with a different structure than that observed for strain 12656-12. ESV200 and 12656-12 strains are pathogenic for chickens, although the latter is the most virulent. Here, we show that the complete genome of the ESV200 strain is similar to that of the UNM179 strain. However, these strains have evolved with many structural rearrangements; the most striking chromosomal arrangement is a Maverick-like element present in the ESV200 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sanchez-Alonso
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico,*Correspondence: Patricia Sanchez-Alonso,
| | - Elena Cobos-Justo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Avalos-Rangel
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Lucía López-Reyes
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gloria Luz Paniagua-Contreras
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala, UNAM, Los Reyes Iztacala, Estado de, México, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala, UNAM, Los Reyes Iztacala, Estado de, México, Mexico,Subdirección de Investigación Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, CDMX, México
| | - Estela Anastacio-Marcelino
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ana Jaqueline López-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Victor M. Pérez Marquez
- Diagnóstico y Patobiología Aviar, Biotecnología Veterinaria S.A.-Biovetsa, BIOVETSA, Tehuacán, Mexico
| | - Erasmo Negrete-Abascal
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala, UNAM, Los Reyes Iztacala, Estado de, México, Mexico
| | - Candelario Vázquez-Cruz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico,Candelario Vázquez-Cruz,
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Shabbir MZ, Kariyawasam S, Pierre TA, Dunn PA, Wallner-Pendleton EA, Lu H. Identification, 16S rRNA-based characterization, and antimicrobial profile of Gallibacterium isolates from broiler and layer chickens. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:13-21. [PMID: 36401513 DOI: 10.1177/10406387221133782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallibacterium spp., particularly G. anatis, have received much attention as poultry pathogens in recent years. We report here the presence and antimicrobial resistance profile of 69 Gallibacterium isolates obtained from 2,204 diagnostic submissions of broiler and layer chickens in 2019-2021. Gallibacterium-positive chickens had lesions primarily in the respiratory tract, reproductive tract, and related serosal surfaces. Gallibacterium spp. were initially identified based on their typical cultural characteristics on blood agar. The isolates were confirmed by a genus-specific PCR spanning 16S-23S rRNA and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed distinct clades. Of the 69 isolates, 68 clustered with the reference strains of G. anatis and 1 with Gallibacterium genomospecies 1 and 2. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 58 of the 69 isolates by a MIC method showed variable responses to antimicrobials. The isolates were all susceptible to enrofloxacin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, and gentamicin. There was a high level of susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (98.0%), streptomycin (98.0%), amoxicillin (84.0%), sulfadimethoxine (71.0%), and neomycin (71.0%). All of the isolates were resistant to tylosin. There was resistance to penicillin (98.0%), erythromycin (95.0%), clindamycin (94.0%), novobiocin (90.0%), tetracycline (88.0%), oxytetracycline (76.0%), and sulfathiazole (53.0%). A high rate of intermediate susceptibility was observed for spectinomycin (67.0%) and sulfathiazole (40.0%). Our findings indicate a potential role of G. anatis as an important poultry pathogen and cause of subsequent disease, alone or in combination with other pathogens. Continuous monitoring and an antimicrobial susceptibility assay are recommended for effective treatment and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Z Shabbir
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Subhashinie Kariyawasam
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Traci A Pierre
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Patricia A Dunn
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Huaguang Lu
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Discrimination and Characterization of Escherichia coli Originating from Clinical Cases of Femoral Head Necrosis in Broilers by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Confirms Great Heterogeneity of Isolates. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071472. [PMID: 35889191 PMCID: PMC9323188 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli, a major pathogen in poultry production, is involved in femoral head necrosis (FHN) in broiler birds. So far, the characterization and relationship of isolates in context with this disease are mainly based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Previously, an involvement of diverse E. coli isolates was reported. MALDI-TOF MS has been successfully applied investigating the clonality of different bacteria. Therefore, its application to characterize a well-defined selection of E. coli isolates beyond the species level was tested. The isolates were derived from clinical cases of FHN as well as from healthy birds. Reproducibility studies to perform a standardized protocol were done, and LB agar as well as the usage of fresh bacterial cultures proved most appropriate. No distinct clustering in context with the origin of isolates, association with lesions, serotype, or PFGE profile was found. Most of the isolates belonging to phylogroup B2 revealed a characteristic peak shift at 9716 m/z and could be attributed to the same MALDI-TOF MS cluster. The present study confirmed the previously found pheno- and genotypic heterogeneity of E. coli involved in FHN on the proteomic level. The study also highlights the need for standardized protocols when using MALDI-TOF MS for bacterial typing, especially beyond species level.
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Narasinakuppe Krishnegowda D, Singh BR, Mariappan AK, Munuswamy P, Singh KP, Monalisa Sahoo, Saminathan M, Ramalingam R, Chellappa MM, Singh V, Dhama K, Reddy MR. Molecular epidemiological studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli associated with septicemia in chickens in India. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105313. [PMID: 34902538 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial septicemia causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry and there is no systematic research available in India on the connection of various pathogens associated with septicemia. The present molecular epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the association of different bacterial and immunosuppressive viral pathogens in septicemia suspected chickens. A total of 443 chicken carcasses with septicemic conditions from 71 different flocks were included in this study. Heart blood swabs were subjected to bacterial culture for Salmonella spp., Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli, and Gallibacterium anatis. Of these 51 flocks tested for E. coli, 49 (96.1%) flocks were found positive. Among flocks tested for Salmonella spp., 2 flocks were found positive. All tested flocks were found negative for G. anatis and P. multocida as well as air sac swabs tested negative for Mycoplasma spp. Bacterial cultural examination revealed that majority of septicemic chickens were found to be infected with E. coli and these E. coli isolates showed the highest resistance to vancomycin (60%), followed by erythromycin (50%) and cefotaxime (38%) and maximum sensitivity to cefotaxime and clavulanic acid combinations (81.5%), followed by chloramphenicol (69.6%) and ertapenem (67.2%). Among the 5 avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) virulence genes were detected in 36 flocks and highest frequency of iss (100%), followed by ompT or iutA (97.2%), hly (61.1%) and iroN (47.2%) genes. On polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening, 10.5, 4.5, 52.2, 19.4, 9.0, 4.5, 20.1 and 19.4% of the flocks were positive for G. anatis, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, APEC, Salmonella spp., Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, chicken infectious anemia virus and Marek's disease virus, respectively. To our knowledge, the present study is first on the etiology of septicemia in chicken flocks in India. The present study infers that the majority of septicemic deaths in broiler chickens less than 8 weeks have been connected with APEC and majority of E. coli isolates are multidrug resistance, suggesting the need for surveillance and intervention to curb the inadvertent use of antibiotics. Although, incidence of G. anatis association with septicemia was reported, still requires a rigorous epidemiological study to determine the actual prevalence. However, more detailed studies encompassing vast geographical area with large sample size and long duration of the studies are necessary to provide a clear picture of the interaction of different pathogens causing septicemia in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhoj Raj Singh
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asok Kumar Mariappan
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monalisa Sahoo
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mani Saminathan
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajasekar Ramalingam
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhan Mohan Chellappa
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vidya Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Maddula Ramakoti Reddy
- Avian Health Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, Telengana, India.
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Van Driessche L, Vanneste K, Bogaerts B, De Keersmaecker SCJ, Roosens NH, Haesebrouck F, De Cremer L, Deprez P, Pardon B, Boyen F. Isolation of Drug-Resistant Gallibacterium anatis from Calves with Unresponsive Bronchopneumonia, Belgium. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26. [PMID: 32186507 PMCID: PMC7101127 DOI: 10.3201/eid2604.190962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis is an opportunistic pathogen, previously associated with deaths in poultry, domestic birds, and occasionally humans. We obtained G. anatis isolates from bronchoalveolar lavage samples of 10 calves with bronchopneumonia unresponsive to antimicrobial therapy. Collected isolates were multidrug-resistant to extensively drug-resistant, exhibiting resistance against 5–7 classes of antimicrobial drugs. Whole-genome sequencing revealed 24 different antimicrobial-resistance determinants, including genes not previously described in the Gallibacterium genus or even the Pasteurellaceae family, such as aadA23, blaCARB-8, tet(Y), and qnrD1. Some resistance genes were closely linked in resistance gene cassettes with either transposases in close proximity or situated on putative mobile elements or predicted plasmids. Single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping revealed large genetic variation between the G. anatis isolates, including isolates retrieved from the same farm. G. anatis might play a hitherto unrecognized role as a respiratory pathogen and resistance gene reservoir in cattle and has unknown zoonotic potential.
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Alispahic M, Endler L, Hess M, Hess C. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale: MALDI-TOF MS and Whole Genome Sequencing Confirm That Serotypes K, L and M Deviate from Well-Known Reference Strains and Numerous Field Isolates. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051006. [PMID: 34067063 PMCID: PMC8151311 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is one of the most important bacterial agents of respiratory diseases in poultry. For correct identification and characterization of this fastidious bacterium, reliable diagnostic tools are essential. Still, phenotypic tests are used to identify O. rhinotracheale and serotyping is the most common method for characterization, despite known drawbacks and disadvantages such as divergent results, cross-reactivity between strains, or the non-typeability of strains. The intention of the present study was to evaluate MALDI-TOF MS and whole genome sequencing for the identification and characterization of O. rhinotracheale. For this purpose, a selection of 59 well-defined reference strains and 47 field strains derived from outbreaks on Austrian turkey farms were investigated by MALDI-TOF MS. The field strains originated from different geographical areas in Austria with some of the isolates derived from multiple outbreaks on farms within a year, or recurrent outbreaks over several years. MALDI-TOF MS proved a suitable method for identification of O. rhinotracheale to genus or species level except for 3 strains representing serotypes M, K and F. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most strains grouped within one cluster even though they were comprised of different serotypes, while serotypes F, K, and M clearly formed a different cluster. All field isolates from turkey farms clustered together, independent of the origin of the isolates, e.g., geographical area, multiple outbreaks within a year or recurrent outbreaks over several years. Whole genome sequencing of serotype M, K and F strains confirmed the extraordinary status and deviation from known fully-sequenced strains due to a lack of sequence similarity. This was further confirmed by alignments of single genes (16S-RNA and rpoB) and multilocus sequence typing although the demarcation was less obvious. Altogether, the results indicate that these three serotypes belong to a different species than O. rhinotracheale, and might even be members of multiple new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merima Alispahic
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.H.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-25077-4710; Fax: +43-1-25077-5192
| | - Lukas Endler
- Platform Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Claudia Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.H.); (C.H.)
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Narasinakuppe Krishnegowda D, Dhama K, Kumar Mariappan A, Munuswamy P, Iqbal Yatoo M, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Bhatt P, Reddy MR. Etiology, epidemiology, pathology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccine development, and treatment of Gallibacterium anatis infection in poultry: a review. Vet Q 2020; 40:16-34. [PMID: 31902298 PMCID: PMC7006735 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2020.1712495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family that resides normally in the respiratory and reproductive tracts in poultry. It is a major cause of oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, decreases egg production and mortality in hens thereby severely affecting animal welfare and overall productivity by poultry industries across Europe, Asia, America, and Africa. In addition, it has the ability to infect wider host range including domesticated and free-ranging avian hosts as well as mammalian hosts such as cattle, pigs and human. Evaluating the common virulence factors including outer membrane vesicles, fimbriae, capsule, metalloproteases, biofilm formation, hemagglutinin, and determining novel factors such as the RTX–like toxin GtxA, elongation factor-Tu, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has pathobiological, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic significance. Treating this bacterial pathogen with traditional antimicrobial drugs is discouraged owing to the emergence of widespread multidrug resistance, whereas the efficacy of preventing this disease by classical vaccines is limited due to its antigenic diversity. It will be necessary to acquire in-depth knowledge on important virulence factors, pathogenesis and, concerns of rising antibiotic resistance, improvised treatment regimes, and novel vaccine candidates to effectively tackle this pathogen. This review substantially describes the etio-epidemiological aspects of G. anatis infection in poultry, and updates the recent development in understanding the pathogenesis, organism evolution and therapeutic and prophylactic approaches to counter G. anatis infection for safeguarding the welfare and health of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Asok Kumar Mariappan
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash Bhatt
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, GovindBallabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Rapid Detection of Microbial Mass Spectra VITEK-MS for Campylobacter jejuni and Listeria monocytogenes. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Hess C, Grafl B, Bagheri S, Kaesbohrer A, Zloch A, Hess M. Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Gallibacterium anatis from Layers Reveals High Number of Multiresistant Strains and Substantial Variability Even Between Isolates from the Same Organ. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 26:169-177. [PMID: 31526229 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of 213 Gallibacterium anatis isolates were determined from 93 laying hens originating from 39 flocks. Each flock was sampled three times during its life time for the presence of G. anatis. The broth microdilution method was applied comprising 21 antimicrobial substances. Multidrug resistance was found in 96.2% of the G. anatis isolates. Most of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline (89.2%), tylosin (94.8%), enrofloxacin (58.2%), nalidixic acid (77.4%), and sulfamethoxazole (77.0%). Resistance against antimicrobial substances increased significantly with the age of birds. A total of 99 different AMR profiles were detected. On flock level, different AMR profiles were found in 71.8% of the flocks independent of the sampling time point. On bird level, identical AMR profiles were mostly found in isolates originating from the same organ of a single bird, but 22 such paired isolates differed in their AMR profile. Variations of AMR profiles were found within isolates from a single bird, but from different organs. Isolates from systemic organs were significantly more resistant to different antimicrobial substances compared to isolates from the reproductive tract. No influence could be found in regard to an increase of resistance and applied antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hess
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beatrice Grafl
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sina Bagheri
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annemarie Kaesbohrer
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Zloch
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Yaman S, Sahan Yapicier O. Diagnosis of Gallibacterium Anatis in Layers: First Report in Turkey. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Yaman
- Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
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15
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Stepien-Pysniak D, Kosikowska U, Hauschild T, Burzynski A, Wilczynski J, Kolinska A, Nowaczek A, Marek A. A loop-mediated isothermal amplification procedure targeting the sodA gene for rapid and specific identification of Gallibacterium anatis. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1141-1147. [PMID: 29381805 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on the development and validation of a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (LAMP) for rapid and specific identification of Gallibacterium anatis. To design a set of 6 primers using the LAMP technique, the conserved region of the G. anatis sodA gene was selected as a target. To evaluate primer specificity we used 120 field strains, the reference strain G. anatis ATCC 43329, and 9 non-G. anatis bacteria. The results confirmed positive reactions for all G. anatis strains tested by LAMP at 63°C for 60 min, with no cross-reactivity observed for the negative control bacteria, i.e., Haemophilus parainfluenzae (ATCC 51505 and ATCC 33392), Aggregatibacter aphrophilus ATCC 7901, Avibacterium endocarditis, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Avibacterium paragallinarum, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, and Escherichia coli. The lowest detectable amount of DNA for the LAMP reaction was 0.2561 pg, which was detected in about 34 min, while the highest available concentration of the G. anatis reference strain was detected in about 10 min. The lowest detectable amount of DNA for the real-time PCR reaction was 21.24 pg, which was detected in about 20 min, while the highest available concentration of the G. anatis reference strain was detected in about 7 min. Moreover, using the real-time LAMP assay the reaction could be effectively carried out in a volume of just 13 μL, about half the officially recommended reaction volume (25 μL). The aim of this study was to develop a highly sensitive and specific G. anatis real-time LAMP assay that is less time-consuming and less costly than quantitative PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stepien-Pysniak
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - U Kosikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology with Laboratory for Microbiological Diagnostics, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - T Hauschild
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - A Burzynski
- Novazym Poland, Wielkopolska Centre of Advanced Technologies, Poznan, Poland
| | - J Wilczynski
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Lab - Vet, Tarnowo Podgórne, Poland
| | - A Kolinska
- Novazym Poland, Wielkopolska Centre of Advanced Technologies, Poznan, Poland
| | - A Nowaczek
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - A Marek
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Bakhtiary F, Sayevand HR, Remely M, Hippe B, Indra A, Hosseini H, Haslberger AG. Identification of Clostridium spp. derived from a sheep and cattle slaughterhouse by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rDNA sequencing. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:3232-3240. [PMID: 30065434 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clostridia are widespread and some of them are serious human pathogens. Identification of Clostridium spp. is important for managing microbiological risks in the food industry. Samples derived from sheep and cattle carcasses from a slaughterhouse in Iran were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS using direct transfer and extended direct transfer sample preparation methods and 16S rDNA sequencing. MALDI-TOF MS could identify ten species in 224 out of 240 Clostridium isolates. In comparison to the 16S rDNA sequencing, correct identification rate of the Clostridium spp. at the species level by MALDI-TOF MS technique was 93.3%. 16 isolates were not identified by MALDI-TOF MS but 16s rDNA sequencing identified them as C. estertheticum, C. frigidicarnis, and C. gasigenes species. The most frequently identified Clostridium species were: C. sporogenes (13%), C. cadaveris (12.5%), C. cochlearium (12%) and C. perfringens (10%). Extended direct transfer method [2.26 ± 0.18 log (score)] in comparison to direct transfer method [2.15 ± 0.23 log (score)] improved Clostridium spp. IDENTIFICATION Using a cut-off score of 1.7 was sufficient for accurate identification of Clostridium species. MALDI-TOF MS identification scores for Clostridium spp. decreased with longer incubation time. Clostridium species predominantly were isolated from carcasses after skinning and evisceration steps in the slaughterhouse. MALDI-TOF MS could be an accurate way to identify Clostridium species. Moreover, continuous improvement of the database and MALDI-TOF MS instrument enhance its performance in food control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Bakhtiary
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZAII;2D541, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hamid Reza Sayevand
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZAII;2D541, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Remely
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZAII;2D541, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Berit Hippe
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZAII;2D541, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Hedayat Hosseini
- 3Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander G Haslberger
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZAII;2D541, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Wang C, Pors SE, Bojesen AM. Post mortem Survival of Gallibacterium anatis in a Laying Hen Experimental Infection Model. Avian Dis 2018; 62:195-200. [PMID: 29613813 DOI: 10.1637/11809-020818-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To assess the survival of Gallibacterium anatis in dead laying hens, 21-wk-old laying hens were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5 ml brain hearth infusion broth containing 108 colony-forming units (CFU) of G. anatis 12656-12 liver ( n = 16), Escherichia coli ST141 ( n = 16), or a mix of G. anatis 12656-12 liver and E. coli ST141 ( n = 16), respectively. Birds were euthanatized 24 hr post injection. From each group eight dead birds were kept at 4 C and eight at room temperature. Swab samples were taken at different time points post euthanatization and streaked on blood agar plates. From the birds kept at 4 C, G. anatis was reisolated from the G. anatis and the G. anatis- E. coli co-injected groups at least 12 days post euthanization. From birds kept at room temperature, G. anatis was reisolated up to 2 days post euthanatization. When using the gyrB-based G. anatis-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR), G. anatis was detected within at least 5 days, and up to 5 days post euthanatization, from birds kept at room temperature and 4 C, respectively. Escherichia coli was reisolated from all the time points independent of how the birds were kept. No difference was observed between the reisolation rates for G. anatis or E. coli when comparing similar detection methods. For birds kept at 4 C, bacterial cultivation was a more sensitive method for detecting G. anatis ( P < 0.05), whereas for birds kept at room temperature, the G. anatis-specific qPCR outperformed bacterial culture ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, we demonstrated that G. anatis has a poorer survival rate than does E. coli in dead chickens kept at room temperature. That finding may affect the overall diagnostic sensitivity and lead to underdiagnosis of G. anatis in a normal production setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- A Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Susanne Elisabeth Pors
- B Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- A Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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18
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Zloch A, Kuchling S, Hess M, Hess C. Influence of alternative husbandry systems on postmortem findings and prevalence of important bacteria and parasites in layers monitored from end of rearing until slaughter. Vet Rec 2018; 182:350. [PMID: 29434034 DOI: 10.1136/vr.104632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the present study 66 layer flocks housed in different alternative husbandry systems were monitored from placement of birds on the farm until slaughter to evaluate a possible influence on the occurrence of selected non-infectious as well as infectious diseases. Postmortems were performed and the occurrence of extraintestinal Escherichia coli and Gallibacterium anatis was investigated. No specific postmortem findings were seen in pullets. Non-infectious diseases were mainly found in layers. Most prominent postmortem findings in layers were reproductive tract lesions and the presence of intestinal helminths. From each flock E coli and from approximately 65 per centof the flocks G anatis were isolated. No significant differences were seen in regard to the housing system, but the prevalence of G anatis increased with the age of birds. The majority of reproductive tract lesions could be associated with E coli alone or G anatis co-infections. The prevalence of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum was not influenced by the housing system, but significantly increased with age. Cestodes were present in six flocks. Histomonosis was detected twice. Dermanyssus gallinae was found in 5 pullet and 20 layer flocks. Additional investigations were performed on demand. Again, reproductive tract lesions were the most prominent postmortem findings. In one flock each histomonosis or erysipelas was diagnosed, respectively. Severe affection by D gallinae was found once. Necrotic enteritis was seen in two layer flocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Zloch
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabrina Kuchling
- Division for Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Hess
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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El-Adawy H, Bocklisch H, Neubauer H, Hafez HM, Hotzel H. Identification, differentiation and antibiotic susceptibility of Gallibacterium isolates from diseased poultry. Ir Vet J 2018; 71:5. [PMID: 29441195 PMCID: PMC5799919 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-018-0116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gallibacterium anatis is an opportunistic pathogen of intensively reared poultry causing oophoritis, salpingitis, peritonitis and enteritis. Gallibacterium anatis infection often remains undiagnosed. Recently multi-drug resistant isolates have been described. Methods A newly developed PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene was used to identify and differentiate Gallibacterium isolates from chicken, turkey and partridge samples originating from 18 different geographical locations in Thuringia, Germany. Antimicrobial susceptibility to 19 compounds of different classes was assessed. Results Nineteen Gallibacterium isolates were investigated. In 9 birds (47.4%) Gallibacterium species were isolated exclusively while in 10 birds (52.6%) other bacterial or viral agents could be detected in addition. In one chicken a mixed infection of Gallibacterium anatis and Gallibacterium genomospecies was identified. All isolates were susceptible to apramycin, florfenicol and neomycin and resistant to clindamycin, sulfathiazole and penicillin. Resistance to sulfamethoxim, spectinomycin, tylosin and oxytetracycline was observed in 93.3%, 93.3%, 86.7% and 80.0% of the field strains, respectively. Conclusions The PCR-RFLP assay allows specific detection and differentiation of Gallibacterium spp. from poultry. Antimicrobial resistance of Gallibacterium spp. is highly significant in Thuringian field isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosny El-Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany.,2Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 35516 Egypt
| | | | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hafez Mohamed Hafez
- 4Institute for Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Königsweg 63, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Hotzel
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Loy JD, Clawson ML. Rapid typing of Mannheimia haemolytica major genotypes 1 and 2 using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 136:30-33. [PMID: 28267571 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Genotype 2M. haemolytica predominantly associate over genotype 1 with the lungs of cattle with respiratory disease and ICEs containing antimicrobial resistance genes. Distinct protein masses were detected by MALDI-TOF MS between genotype 1 and 2 strains. MALDI-TOF MS could rapidly differentiate genotype 2 strains in veterinary diagnostic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Dustin Loy
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Michael L Clawson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA.
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21
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Wang C, Robles F, Ramirez S, Riber AB, Bojesen AM. Culture-independent identification and quantification ofGallibacterium anatis(G. anatis) by real-time quantitative PCR. Avian Pathol 2016; 45:538-44. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2016.1184743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Singhal N, Kumar M, Kanaujia PK, Virdi JS. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: an emerging technology for microbial identification and diagnosis. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:791. [PMID: 26300860 PMCID: PMC4525378 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 778] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently microorganisms are best identified using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. However, in recent years matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a potential tool for microbial identification and diagnosis. During the MALDI-TOF MS process, microbes are identified using either intact cells or cell extracts. The process is rapid, sensitive, and economical in terms of both labor and costs involved. The technology has been readily imbibed by microbiologists who have reported usage of MALDI-TOF MS for a number of purposes like, microbial identification and strain typing, epidemiological studies, detection of biological warfare agents, detection of water- and food-borne pathogens, detection of antibiotic resistance and detection of blood and urinary tract pathogens etc. The limitation of the technology is that identification of new isolates is possible only if the spectral database contains peptide mass fingerprints of the type strains of specific genera/species/subspecies/strains. This review provides an overview of the status and recent applications of mass spectrometry for microbial identification. It also explores the usefulness of this exciting new technology for diagnosis of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelja Singhal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan K Kanaujia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi New Delhi, India
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Xiao D, Zhang C, Zhang H, Li X, Jiang X, Zhang J. A novel approach for differentiating pathogenic and non-pathogenic Leptospira based on molecular fingerprinting. J Proteomics 2014; 119:1-9. [PMID: 25464365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Leptospirosis is a worldwide, deadly zoonotic disease. Pathogenic Leptospira causes leptospirosis. The rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Leptospira strains is essential for appropriate therapeutic management and timely intervention for infection control. The molecular fingerprint is a simple and rapid alternative tool for microorganisms identification, which is based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In this study, molecular fingerprint was performed to identify pathogenic strains of Leptospira. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences was used as the reference method. In addition, a label-free technique was used to reveal the different proteins of pathogenic or non-pathogenic Leptospira. A reference database was constructed using 30 Leptospira strains, including 16 pathogenic strains and 14 non-pathogenic strains. Two super reference spectra that were associated with pathogenicity were established. Overall, 33 Leptospira strains were used for validation, and 32 of 33 Leptospira strains could be identified on the species level and all the 33 could be classified as pathogenic or non-pathogenic. The super reference spectra and the major spectra projection (MSP) dendrogram correctly categorized the Leptospira strains into pathogenic and non-pathogenic groups, which was consistent with the 16S rRNA reference methods. Between the pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains, 108 proteins were differentially expressed. molecular fingerprint is an alternative to conventional molecular identification and can rapidly distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic Leptospira strains. Therefore, molecular fingerprint may play an important role in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, surveillance, and tracking of epidemic outbreaks of leptospirosis. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis that is caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Leptospirosis is a serious zoonotic disease that has become an important public health problem. Traditional serological methods are the gold standard for the detection of pathogenic strains of Leptospira. However, serological procedures are cumbersome, require more complex experimental techniques, and are based on a large number of international and domestic reference strains. Additionally, these experiments involve the immunization of animals with antigens from different serotypes to produce immune serum, and improper techniques may result in a rapid decrease in antibody titer, which would affect the final results. It is difficult to perform cumbersome detection procedures in a basic laboratory. Therefore, the use of conventional serological methods is limited, which significantly impacts daily leptospirosis epidemic surveillance, prevention, and control. Molecular biology methods, such as 16S rRNA and PCR-based methods, can be used to identify the pathogenic Leptospira. However, DNA extraction and gene sequencing methods are laborious and time consuming. Therefore, more rapid and reliable high-throughput identification methods are urgently needed for the clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis to improve epidemic control. Here, molecular fingerprinting technique was use to identify the pathogenicity. We constructed the reference spectra database and the super reference spectra of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Leptospira, which can rapidly identified Leptospira at the species level and the pathogenicity of these isolates can be simultaneously confirmed. Furthermore, the protein components of Leptospira pathogenicity were revealed. These findings thus provide a new way for Leptospira pathogenicity identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Cuicai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiuwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiugao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Paudel S, Liebhart D, Aurich C, Hess M, Hess C. Pathogenesis ofGallibacterium anatisin a natural infection model fulfils Koch’s postulates: 2. Epididymitis and decreased semen quality are the predominant effects in specific pathogen free cockerels. Avian Pathol 2014; 43:529-34. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2014.967176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Paudel S, Liebhart D, Hess M, Hess C. Pathogenesis ofGallibacterium anatisin a natural infection model fulfils Koch's postulates: 1. Folliculitis and drop in egg production are the predominant effects in specific pathogen free layers. Avian Pathol 2014; 43:443-9. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2014.955782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Xiao D, Ye C, Zhang H, Kan B, Lu J, Xu J, Jiang X, Zhao F, You Y, Yan X, Wang D, Hu Y, Zhang M, Zhang J. The construction and evaluation of reference spectra for the identification of human pathogenic microorganisms by MALDI-TOF MS. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106312. [PMID: 25181391 PMCID: PMC4152241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is an emerging technique for the rapid and high-throughput identification of microorganisms. There remains a dearth of studies in which a large number of pathogenic microorganisms from a particular country or region are utilized for systematic analyses. In this study, peptide mass reference spectra (PMRS) were constructed and evaluated from numerous human pathogens (a total of 1019 strains from 94 species), including enteric (46 species), respiratory (21 species), zoonotic (17 species), and nosocomial pathogens (10 species), using a MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper system (MBS). The PMRS for 380 strains of 52 species were new contributions to the original reference database (ORD). Compared with the ORD, the new reference database (NRD) allowed for 28.2% (from 71.5% to 99.7%) and 42.3% (from 51.3% to 93.6%) improvements in identification at the genus and species levels, respectively. Misidentification rates were 91.7% and 57.1% lower with the NRD than with the ORD for genus and species identification, respectively. Eight genera and 25 species were misidentified. For genera and species that are challenging to accurately identify, identification results must be manually determined and adjusted in accordance with the database parameters. Through augmentation, the MBS demonstrated a high identification accuracy and specificity for human pathogenic microorganisms. This study sought to provide theoretical guidance for using PMRS databases in various fields, such as clinical diagnosis and treatment, disease control, quality assurance, and food safety inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changyun Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Kan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiugao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhai You
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duochun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Alispahic M, Christensen H, Bisgaard M, Hess M, Hess C. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry confirms difficulties in separating species of the Avibacterium genus. Avian Pathol 2014; 43:258-63. [PMID: 24802229 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2014.916038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study a well-characterized strain collection (n = 33) of Avibacterium species was investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The robustness of the currently available reference database (Bruker Biotyper 3.0) was tested to determine the degree of identification of these strains. Reproducible signal patterns were obtained from all strains. However, identification of most strains was only possible at genus level. Furthermore, two strains could not be identified by this method. Based on their protein spectra profiles, a MALDI main spectra dendrogram was created to determine their relationship. Most strains were closely related-for example, 26 strains formed cluster 1 including the type strains of Avibacterium volantium, Avibacterium gallinarum, Avibacterium endocarditidis and Avibacterium avium-while Avibacterium paragallinarum biovars 1 and 2 formed cluster 2 and, finally, strain 55000 remained on its own. The present MALDI-TOF MS results confirm recent findings that only certain isolates of Av. paragallinarum represent a well-defined species within the genus Avibacterium, making a taxonomic revision essential. To improve identification of Avibacterium at species level by MALDI-TOF MS, relevant reference strains were included in the newly created database and results are presented. In conclusion, Av. paragallinarum can be identified by MALDI/Biotyper and not the other species of the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merima Alispahic
- a Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health , University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
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High natural variability bacteria identification and typing: Helicobacter pylori analysis based on peptide mass fingerprinting. J Proteomics 2014; 98:112-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Paudel S, Alispahic M, Liebhart D, Hess M, Hess C. Assessing pathogenicity of Gallibacterium anatis in a natural infection model: the respiratory and reproductive tracts of chickens are targets for bacterial colonization. Avian Pathol 2013; 42:527-35. [PMID: 24098932 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2013.843160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two separate bird trials were performed to establish a reliable route of infection for Gallibacterium anatis in chickens, comparing intranasal (i.n.) and intravenous (i.v.) applications. Additionally, three mutually divergent isolates from three geographical locations, as shown by MALDI-TOF-MS and partial rpoB gene sequence analysis, were compared. In the first trial, birds were infected with one of the selected isolates by the i.v. or i.n. route. Subsequently, birds were killed 3, 12 and 24 h post infection following i.v. infection while at 3, 7 and 10 days post infection (dpi) in the case of i.n. infection along with birds of the control group. As a result, i.n. infection showed prominent and consistent bacterial tissue distribution in different organs persisting until 10 dpi, which was a striking contrast to the i.v. infection route. Likewise, histopathology revealed mild to severe tracheal lesions following i.n. infection. The second trial was set up to confirm both the achieved results and the robustness of i.n. infection but with an extended observation period, until 28 dpi In agreement with the preceding trial, identical results for bacteriological and histopathological examinations were obtained with persistency of bacteria until 28 dpi Comparing the three different isolates from Mexico, China and Austria, the Mexican isolate showed a somewhat higher pathogenicity than the other strains. Consequently, pathogenesis of G. anatis strains was studied in chickens elucidating i.n. infection as the most reliable route characterized by a long-lasting bacteraemia, targeting the respiratory and reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Paudel
- a Clinic for Avian, Reptile and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health , University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
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Xiao D, You Y, Bi Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Hu B, Song Y, Zhang H, Kou Z, Yan X, Zhang M, Jin L, Jiang X, Su P, Bi Z, Luo F, Zhang J. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry-based identification of group A Streptococcus isolated from areas of the 2011 scarlet fever outbreak in china. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 14:320-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alispahic M, Christensen H, Hess C, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Bisgaard M, Hess M. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry confirms clonal lineages of Gallibacterium anatis between chicken flocks. Vet Microbiol 2012; 160:269-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kuhnert P, Bisgaard M, Korczak BM, Schwendener S, Christensen H, Frey J. Identification of animal Pasteurellaceae by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. J Microbiol Methods 2012; 89:1-7. [PMID: 22343217 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Species of the family Pasteurellaceae play an important role as primary or opportunistic animal pathogens. In veterinary diagnostic laboratories identification of this group of bacteria is mainly done by phenotypic assays while genetic identification based on housekeeping genes is mostly used for research and particularly important diagnostic samples. MALDI-TOF MS seems to represent a promising alternative to the currently practiced cumbersome, phenotypic diagnostics carried out in many veterinary diagnostic laboratories. We therefore assessed its application for animal associated members of the family Pasteurellaceae. The Bruker Biotyper 3.0 database was complemented with reference spectra of clinically relevant as well as commensal animal Pasteurellaceae species using generally five strains per species or subspecies and tested for its diagnostic potential with additional, well characterized field isolates. About 250 strains comprising 15 genera and more than 40 species and subspecies were included in the study, covering most representatives of the family. A high discrimination at the genus and species level was observed. Problematic discrimination was only observed with some closely related species and subspecies. MALDI-TOF MS was shown to represent a highly potent method for the diagnosis of this group of animal pathogens, combining speed, precision and low running costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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