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Fegan JE, Waeckerlin RC, Tesfaw L, Islam EA, Deresse G, Dufera D, Assefa E, Woldemedhin W, Legesse A, Akalu M, Bayissa B, Nguyen QH, Ng D, Ahn SK, Schryvers AB, Tefera TA, Moraes TF, Gray-Owen SD. Developing a PmSLP3-based vaccine formulation that provides robust long-lasting protection against hemorrhagic septicemia-causing serogroup B and E strains of Pasteurella multocida in cattle. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1392681. [PMID: 38835751 PMCID: PMC11148319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1392681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pasteurella multocida is a bacterial pathogen that causes a variety of infections across diverse animal species, with one of the most devastating associated diseases being hemorrhagic septicemia. Outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffaloes are marked by rapid progression and high mortality. These infections have particularly harmful socio-economic impacts on small holder farmers in Africa and Asia who are heavily reliant on a small number of animals kept as a means of subsistence for milk and draft power purposes. A novel vaccine target, PmSLP-3, has been identified on the surface of hemorrhagic septicemia-associated strains of P. multocida and was previously shown to elicit robust protection in cattle against lethal challenge with a serogroup B strain. Methods Here, we further investigate the protective efficacy of this surface lipoprotein, including evaluating the immunogenicity and protection upon formulation with a variety of adjuvants in both mice and cattle. Results PmSLP-3 formulated with Montanide ISA 61 elicited the highest level of serum and mucosal IgG, elicited long-lasting serum antibodies, and was fully protective against serogroup B challenge. Studies were then performed to identify the minimum number of doses required and the needed protein quantity to maintain protection. Duration studies were performed in cattle, demonstrating sustained serum IgG titres for 3 years after two doses of vaccine and full protection against lethal serogroup B challenge at 7 months after a single vaccine dose. Finally, a serogroup E challenge study was performed, demonstrating that PmSLP-3 vaccine can provide protection against challenge by the two serogroups responsible for hemorrhagic septicemia. Conclusion Together, these data indicate that PmSLP-3 formulated with Montanide ISA 61 is an immunogenic and protective vaccine against hemorrhagic septicemia-causing P. multocida strains in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E Fegan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Regula C Waeckerlin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Liyuwork Tesfaw
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Epshita A Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Getaw Deresse
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Dufera
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Eyob Assefa
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Woldemedhin
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Abinet Legesse
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Mirtneh Akalu
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Berecha Bayissa
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Quynh Huong Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dixon Ng
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sang Kyun Ahn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony B Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Takele A Tefera
- Department of Veterinary Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu/Debre Zeyit, Ethiopia
| | - Trevor F Moraes
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott D Gray-Owen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sun J, Huang Y, Li X, Xu X, Cui X, Hao F, Ji Q, Chen C, Bao G, Liu Y. Characterization and immunological effect of outer membrane vesicles from Pasteurella multocida on macrophages. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:238. [PMID: 38407600 PMCID: PMC10896778 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an important bacterial pathogen that can cause diseases in both animals and humans. Its elevated morbidity and mortality rates in animals result in substantial economic repercussions within the livestock industry. The prevention of diseases caused by P. multocida through immunization is impeded by the absence of a safe and effective vaccine. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are spherical vesicular structures that encompass an array of periplasmic components in conjunction with a diverse assortment of lipids and proteins. These vesicles can induce antibacterial immune responses within the host. P. multocida has been shown to produce OMVs. Nonetheless, the precise characteristics and immunomodulatory functions of P. multocida OMVs have not been fully elucidated. In this study, OMVs were isolated from P. multocida using an ultrafiltration concentration technique, and their morphology, protein constitution, and immunomodulatory properties in RAW264.7 cells were studied. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) revealed that the OMVs exhibited typical spherical and bilayered lipid vesicular architecture, exhibiting an average diameter of approximately 147.5 nm. The yield of OMVs was 2.6 × 1011 particles/mL. Proteomic analysis revealed a high abundance of membrane-associated proteins within P. multocida OMVs, with the capability to instigate the host's immune response. Furthermore, OMVs stimulated the proliferation and cellular uptake of macrophages and triggered the secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β1. Consequently, our results indicated that OMVs from P. multocida could directly interact with macrophages and regulate their immune function in vitro. These results supported the prospective applicability of P. multocida OMVs as a platform in the context of vaccine development. KEY POINTS: • Preparation and characterization of P. multocida OMVs. • P. multocida OMVs possess a range of antigens and lipoproteins associated with the activation of the immune system. • P. multocida OMVs can activate the proliferation, internalization, and cytokine secretion of macrophages in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Sun
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yee Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangfei Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangjiao Hao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quanan Ji
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Zhejiang, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guolian Bao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, 310021, Hangzhou, China.
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Lei EK, Azmat A, Henry KA, Hussack G. Outer membrane vesicles as a platform for the discovery of antibodies to bacterial pathogens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:232. [PMID: 38396192 PMCID: PMC10891261 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized spheroidal particles shed by gram-negative bacteria that contain biomolecules derived from the periplasmic space, the bacterial outer membrane, and possibly other compartments. OMVs can be purified from bacterial culture supernatants, and by genetically manipulating the bacterial cells that produce them, they can be engineered to harbor cargoes and/or display molecules of interest on their surfaces including antigens that are immunogenic in mammals. Since OMV bilayer-embedded components presumably maintain their native structures, OMVs may represent highly useful tools for generating antibodies to bacterial outer membrane targets. OMVs have historically been utilized as vaccines or vaccine constituents. Antibodies that target bacterial surfaces are increasingly being explored as antimicrobial agents either in unmodified form or as targeting moieties for bactericidal compounds. Here, we review the properties of OMVs, their use as immunogens, and their ability to elicit antibody responses against bacterial antigens. We highlight antigens from bacterial pathogens that have been successfully targeted using antibodies derived from OMV-based immunization and describe opportunities and limitations for OMVs as a platform for antimicrobial antibody development. KEY POINTS: • Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of gram-negative bacteria bear cell-surface molecules • OMV immunization allows rapid antibody (Ab) isolation to bacterial membrane targets • Review and analysis of OMV-based immunogens for antimicrobial Ab development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K Lei
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aruba Azmat
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin A Henry
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Greg Hussack
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Neal K, Amachawadi RG, White BJ, Shippy TD, Theurer ME, Larson RL, Lubbers BV, Kleinhenz M. Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Prevalence and Microbial Diversity at First Treatment for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) and Its Associations with Health and Mortality Outcomes in Feedyard Cattle. Microorganisms 2023; 12:33. [PMID: 38257861 PMCID: PMC10818627 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an economically important disease in feedyards influencing both animal welfare and antimicrobial utilization. Major pathogens associated with BRD have been identified in previous research, but little information is available on the relationship between nasopharyngeal microbiota and health outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify potential associations between nasopharyngeal microbiota and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical cases that lived or died compared to non-diseased controls. Enrolled animals were subdivided based on clinical disease status and case outcome (subsequent mortality). Deep nasopharyngeal swabs were collected on enrolled animals and submitted for bacterial isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility determination, and metagenomics analysis. Enrolled cattle were represented in three groups: animals at first treatment for BRD that subsequently died (BRDM, n = 9), animals at first treatment for BRD that subsequently lived (BRDL, n = 15), and animals that were never treated for BRD during the feeding phase (CONT, n = 11). Antimicrobial resistance patterns for Pasteurella multocida illustrated cattle in each outcome category had isolates that were pan-susceptible or only showed resistance to oxytetracycline. The relative abundance of species and genera illustrated few differences among the three outcomes. Higher alpha diversity was identified in BRDL compared to CONT at the species level, and both BRDL and BRDM showed increased alpha diversity compared to CONT at the general level. Overall, this work illustrated nasopharyngeal microbiota showed relatively few differences among BRD cases that lived or died compared to animals without BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyndall Neal
- Beef Cattle Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (K.N.); (B.J.W.); (R.L.L.); (B.V.L.)
| | - Raghavendra G. Amachawadi
- Beef Cattle Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (K.N.); (B.J.W.); (R.L.L.); (B.V.L.)
| | - Brad J. White
- Beef Cattle Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (K.N.); (B.J.W.); (R.L.L.); (B.V.L.)
| | - Teresa D. Shippy
- Data Science Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Miles E. Theurer
- Veterinary Research and Consulting Services LLC, Hays, KS 67601, USA;
| | - Robert L. Larson
- Beef Cattle Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (K.N.); (B.J.W.); (R.L.L.); (B.V.L.)
| | - Brian V. Lubbers
- Beef Cattle Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (K.N.); (B.J.W.); (R.L.L.); (B.V.L.)
| | - Michael Kleinhenz
- Veterinary Education, Research and Outreach, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX 79015, USA;
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Deka NJ, Kalita DJ, Tamuly S, Sharma RK, Bora DP, Dutta R, Hazorika M, Chabukdhara P, George S. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles conjugated with outer membrane vesicle of Riemerella anatipestifer for vaccine development in ducklings. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106446. [PMID: 37951409 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable calcium phosphate nanoparticles offer a viable substitute for traditional adjuvants such as aluminum in vaccine production. Calcium phosphate nanoparticle adjuvanted with outer membrane vesicle (OMV) of gram negative bacteria may induce efficient immune response in the host. The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of a mucosal vaccine formulation of calcium phosphate (CAP) nanoparticle using OMV of Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) as antigen against New Duck disease in ducks. The work was initiated with isolation, identification of RA, followed by OMV production and extraction. The CAP-OMV nanoparticle was prepared and characterized. The efficacy of the vaccine formulation and toxicity were studied in ducks. The average OMV yield in terms of protein concentration was found to be 122.33 ± 3.48 mg per liter of BHI broth. In SDS-PAGE, isolated OMVs exhibited presence of 16 distinct protein bands with molecular weight ranging from 142.1 to 12.1 kDa. Seven protein bands of 74.1, 69.3, 55.5, 50.6, 45.6, 25.1 and 13.1 kDa were detected relatively more distinct. The major bands detected in our findings were 42 kDa, 37 kDa and 16 kDa that corresponds to OmpA, OmpH, P6 respectively. The mean zeta size (±SD) and potential of the nanoparticle were 246.20 ± 0.53 nm and -25.60 ± 5.97 respectively. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the nanoparticles exhibited an average diameter of 129.80 ± 11.10 nm and displayed spherical morphology. The median protective dose (PD50) of CAP-OMV nanoparticle was 1881.10 μg of protein. Group I ducks received 3762 μg of protein (entrapped protein in CAP-OMV nanoparticle) via intra nasal route and it showed the highest serum IgG and secretory IgA level than other immunized groups. All experimental ducks were challenged with 10 × LD50 on 35 days of post primary immunization. Group I showed 100 % survivability in the challenge study. No gross and biochemical indication of acute or chronic toxicity were recorded. In conclusion, our results suggest that CAP-OMV nanoparticle can be a safe and efficient mucosal vaccine delivery system for RA, eliciting strong immune response in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naba Jyoti Deka
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India.
| | - Dhruba Jyoti Kalita
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Shantanu Tamuly
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Durlav Prasad Bora
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Rupam Dutta
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Mousumi Hazorika
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Prasanta Chabukdhara
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, North Lakhimpur, Assam, 787 051, India
| | - Shiney George
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, North Lakhimpur, Assam, 787051, India
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Van der Ley P, Schijns VE. Outer membrane vesicle-based intranasal vaccines. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102376. [PMID: 37598549 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of vaccines via the mucosal route is regarded as the most effective mode of immunization to counteract infectious diseases that enter via mucosal tissues, including oral, nasal, pulmonary, intestinal, and urogenital surfaces. Mucosal vaccines not only induce local immune effector elements, such as secretory Immunoglobulin A (IgA) reaching the luminal site of the mucosa, but also systemic immunity. Moreover, mucosal vaccines may trigger immunity in distant mucosal tissues because of the homing of primed antigen-specific immune cells toward local and distant mucosal tissue via the common mucosal immune system. While most licensed intramuscular vaccines induce only systemic immunity, next-generation mucosal vaccines may outperform parenteral vaccination strategies by also eliciting protective mucosal immune responses that block infection and/or transmission. Especially the nasal route of vaccination, targeting the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue, is attractive for local and distant mucosal immunization. In numerous studies, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have proved attractive as vaccine platform for homologous bacterial strains, but also as antigen delivery platform for heterologous antigens of nonbacterial diseases, including viruses, parasites, and cancer. Their application has also been extended to mucosal delivery. Here, we will summarize the characteristics and clinical potential of (engineered) OMVs as vaccine platform for mucosal, especially intranasal delivery.
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Azhar NA, Paul BT, Jesse FFA, Mohd-Lila MA, Chung ELT, Kamarulrizal MI. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and reproductive hormone responses in bucks post-challenge with Mannheimia haemolytica A2 and its outer membrane protein. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:291. [PMID: 37589856 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin and outer membrane protein (OMP) are among the virulence factors of Gram-negative bacteria responsible for inducing pathogenicity in the infected host. OMP and LPS occur on the outer membrane of M. haemolytica A2, the primary aetiological agent of pneumonic mannheimiosis in small ruminants. While the LPS is known to mediate Gram-negative bacterial infection by activating downstream inflammatory pathways, the potential role of OMP during inflammatory responses remained unclear. Hence, this study determined the effect of the OMP of M. haemolytica A2 on the serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the male reproductive hormones (testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone). We randomly assigned twelve bucks to three groups (n = 4 bucks each): Group 1 was challenged with 2 mL PBS buffer (pH 7.0) intranasally; Group 2 received 2 mL of 1.2 X 109 CFU/mL whole M. haemolytica A2 intranasally; and Group 3 received 2 mL of OMP extract obtained from 1.2 X 109 CFU/mL M. haemolytica A2 intramuscularly. Serum samples collected at pre-determined intervals were used for the quantitative determination of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) and reproductive hormones (testosterone and LH) using commercial sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum concentration of IL1β was initially increased within the first-hour post-challenge in Groups 2 and 3, followed by a significant decrease in concentration at 21d and 35d (p < 0.05) in Group 3. Only mild fluctuations in IL-6 occurred in group 2, as opposed to the 1.7-fold rapid increase in TNFα within 2 h post-challenge before decreasing at 6 h. An increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines was accompanied by an acute febrile response of 39.5 ± 0.38 °C (p < 0.05) at 2 h and 40.1 ± 0.29 °C (p < 0.05) at 4 h in Group 2 and Group 3, respectively. Serum testosterone decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both treatment groups but remained significantly (p > 0.05) lower than in Group 1 throughout the study. There was a moderate negative association between testosterone and IL1β (r = -0.473; p > 0.05) or TNFα (r = -0.527; p < 0.05) in Group 2. Serum LH also showed moderate negative associations with TNFα in Group 2 (r = -0.63; p < 0.05) and Group 3 (r = -0.54; p > 0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that M. haemolytica A2 and its OMP produced marked alterations in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and male reproductive hormones. The negative correlations between serum testosterone and inflammatory cytokines would suggest the potential role of OMP in causing male infertility by mediating innate inflammatory responses to suppress testosterone production in bucks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Azhar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bura Thlama Paul
- Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Campus Bintulu Sarawak, 97003, Bintulu, Malaysia
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600230, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd-Azmi Mohd-Lila
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mat Isa Kamarulrizal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Veneruso I, Cariati F, Alviggi C, Pastore L, Tomaiuolo R, D'Argenio V. Metagenomics Reveals Specific Microbial Features in Males with Semen Alterations. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1228. [PMID: 37372408 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility incidence is rising worldwide, with male infertility accounting for about 50% of cases. To date, several factors have been associated with male infertility; in particular, it has been suggested that semen microbiota may play a role. Here, we report the NGS-based analyses of 20 semen samples collected from men with (Case) and without (Control) semen alterations. Genomic DNA was extracted from each collected sample, and a specific PCR was carried out to amplify the V4-V6 regions of the 16S rRNA. Sequence reactions were carried out on the MiSeq and analyzed by specific bioinformatic tools. We found a reduced richness and evenness in the Case versus the Control group. Moreover, specific genera, the Mannheimia, the Escherichia_Shigella, and the Varibaculum, were significantly increased in the Case compared to the Control group. Finally, we highlighted a correlation between the microbial profile and semen hyperviscosity. Even if further studies are required on larger groups of subjects to confirm these findings and explore mechanistic hypotheses, our results confirm the correlation between semen features and seminal microbiota. These data, in turn, may open the way to the possible use of semen microbiota as an attractive target for developing novel strategies for infertility management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Veneruso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Cariati
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rossella Tomaiuolo
- Faculty of Medicine, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Roma, Italy
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Poonsuk K, Kordik C, Hille M, Cheng TY, Crosby WB, Woolums AR, Clawson ML, Chitko-McKown C, Brodersen B, Loy JD. Detection of Mannheimia haemolytica-Specific IgG, IgM and IgA in Sera and Their Relationship to Respiratory Disease in Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091531. [PMID: 37174567 PMCID: PMC10177094 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica is one of the major causes of bovine respiratory disease in cattle. The organism is the primary bacterium isolated from calves and young cattle affected with enzootic pneumonia. Novel indirect ELISAs were developed and evaluated to enable quantification of antibody responses to whole cell antigens using M. haemolytica A1 strain P1148. In this study, the ELISAs were initially developed using sera from both M. haemolytica-culture-free and clinically infected cattle, then the final prototypes were tested in the validation phase using a larger set of known-status M. haemolytica sera (n = 145) collected from feedlot cattle. The test showed good inter-assay and intra-assay repeatability. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 91% and 87% for IgG at a cutoff of S/P ≥ 0.8. IgM diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 91% and 81% at a cutoff of sample to positive (S/P) ratio ≥ 0.8. IgA diagnostic sensitivity was 89% whereas specificity was 78% at a cutoff of S/P ≥ 0.2. ELISA results of all isotypes were related to the diagnosis of respiratory disease and isolation of M. haemolytica (p-value < 0.05). These data suggest that M. haemolytica ELISAs can be adapted to the detection and quantification of antibody in serum specimens and support the use of these tests for the disease surveillance and disease prevention research in feedlot cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korakrit Poonsuk
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, USA
| | - Carita Kordik
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, USA
| | - Matthew Hille
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William B Crosby
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Amelia R Woolums
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Michael L Clawson
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA
| | - Carol Chitko-McKown
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA
| | - Bruce Brodersen
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, USA
| | - John Dustin Loy
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, USA
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10
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Desem MI, Handharyani E, Setiyono A, Safika S, Subekti DT, Ekawasti F. Morphology, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Causing Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Indonesia. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:7778707. [PMID: 36941952 PMCID: PMC10024624 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7778707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) in buffaloes and cattle. The disease causes serious problems in Indonesian livestock and is classified as a serious transmissible animal disease. Previous research has determined the diversity of P. multocida using a serotyping method based on the antigenic properties of capsule polysaccharides. An alternative method for analysis utilizes sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This study aimed to characterize and determine P. multocida diversity in several regions of Indonesia based on phenotypic character, protein profile, and the band pattern of RAPD results. Bacterial identification was performed using traditional biochemical techniques and API® 20NE systems and then confirmed molecularly using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The freeze-thawing technique was performed to obtain the bacterial protein extract, and DNA extraction was executed using DNAzol. The extracted protein and RAPD product were then electrophoresed on 12% polyacrylamide gel and 1.5% agarose gel, respectively. The results indicate that the molecular weight range of the protein bands is 12-209 kDa, and the band pattern of the RAPD results ranged from 307-3,100 bp. Based on phenotypical analysis, P. multocida from South Sulawesi Province exhibited a variety of growth characteristics in MacConkey agar media. Using the hierarchical clustering analysis of the band patterns of RAPD and the whole-cell protein profiles, four and five clusters were formed, respectively. These results indicate molecular diversity among P. multocida from several regions of Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ibrahim Desem
- 1National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia
- 2Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia
| | - Ekowati Handharyani
- 3Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia
| | - Agus Setiyono
- 3Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia
| | - Safika Safika
- 4Department of Animal Disease and Animal Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16880, Indonesia
| | - Didik Tulus Subekti
- 5Center for Biomedical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Fitrine Ekawasti
- 1National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia
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11
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Isolation of the various serotypes of Mannheimia haemolytica and preparation of the first vaccine candidate in Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10367-10375. [PMID: 36097127 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mannheimia haemolytica is one of the main agents of domestic pneumonic mannheimiosis, but a proper vaccine has not been explored in IRAN. METHODS AND RESULTS 362 lung and nasal samples from sick domestic animal were detected by culture and PCR methods. Totally, 71 M. haemolytica isolates were identified in three main serotypes (A1, A2, and A6). Serotypes A2 (38/71; 54%) and A1 (25/71; 39%) were the most frequently detected, whereas the A6 serotype was detected with a frequency of less than 1% (1/71; 1%) and 7 isolates remained unknown (7/71; 10%). Subsequently, M. haemolytica vaccinal strain was developed and then formalin-killed vaccine was prepared. It provided the best protection against mannheimiosis in sheep which was proved by indirect ELISA. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the efficacy and safety of vaccine strain are remarkable and may serve as a new therapeutic target in mannheimiosis.
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12
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Boorei MA, Paul BT, Abdullah Jesse FF, Teik Chung EL, Mohd Lila MA. Responses of selected biomarkers, female reproductive hormones and tissue changes in non-pregnant does challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A2 and its outer membrane protein (OMP) immunogen. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105674. [PMID: 35820581 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mannheimia haemolytica causative agent of pneumonic mannheimiosis, a common respiratory disease of goat and sheep, which cause huge economic losses to farmers worldwide. Pneumonic mannheimiosis caused by M. haemolytica serotype A2 has been reported among small ruminants in Malaysia. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane protein (OMP) are major virulence determinants for M. haemolytica serotype A2. Although pneumonic mannheimiosis is known to cause poor reproductive performance in small ruminants under field conditions, there is a dearth of published information on the specific effects of M. haemolytica serotype A2 infection on the female reproductive physiology. In this experiment, we explored the impact of M. haemolytica serotype A2 and its OMP immunogen on selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins, female reproductive hormones, and cellular changes in visceral and female reproductive organs of non-pregnant does. METHODOLOGY Twelve healthy, non-pregnant, Boer crossbreds does were divided equally into three groups (n = 4); Group 1 served as the negative control and was challenged with 2 ml of sterile PBS intranasally. Group 2 served as the positive control and was challenged with 2 ml of 109 colonies forming unit (CFU) of M. haemolytica serotype A2 suspension intranasally. Group 3 was challenged with 2 ml of OMP extracted from 109 CFU of M. haemolytica A2 intramuscularly. The experimental does were monitored for clinical signs and responses periodically. Blood samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h and 3, 7, 21, 35 and 56 days post treatment for serological analyses. All does were euthanised using the halal slaughter method on day 60 post challenge/treatment. Tissues from the uterus, liver, lung and associated bronchial lymph nodes were collected and fixed in 10% formalin for 14 days for histopathological study. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the challenged/treated groups showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in the rectal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, and rumen motility. Serum analyses revealed that the concentrations of progesterone and estrogen hormones were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in groups 2 & 3. In contrast, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and acute phase proteins (Hp and SAA) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the challenged/treated groups compared to the control group. Histopathological lesion scoring revealed mild to moderate cellular changes characterised by congestion, haemorrhage, degeneration, leucocytic cellular infiltration, and cellular necrosis in the tissues of does from the OMP treatment and bacterial challenge groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggests that M. haemolytica serotype A2 and its OMP immunogen induced mild to moderate inflammatory and degenerative changes which may potentially interfere with fertilization through hormonal imbalances and cause temporary loss of fertility in infected does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdirahman Boorei
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, Somali National University, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Bura Thlama Paul
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Thapa HB, Müller AM, Camilli A, Schild S. An Intranasal Vaccine Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Against SARS-CoV-2. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:752739. [PMID: 34803974 PMCID: PMC8602898 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.752739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevailing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 highlights the desperate need of alternative vaccine-platforms, which are safe, effective, and can be modified to carry antigens of emerging pathogens. The current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on mRNA and adenoviral vector technology meet some of these criteria but still face limitations regarding administration route, mass production, stability, and storage. Herein, we introduce a novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate based on bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) have been genetically modified to produce increased amounts of detoxified OMVs decorated with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Intranasal immunization with RBD-decorated OMVs induced not only a robust immune response against the bacterial outer membrane components but also detectable antibody titers against the Spike protein. Cell culture infection assays using a Spike-pseudotyped lentivirus confirmed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Highest titers against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and most potent neutralization activity were observed for an alternating immunization regimen using RBD-decorated OMVs from ETEC and V. cholerae in turn. These results highlight the versatile vaccine applications offered by OMVs via expression of heterologous antigens in the donor bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri B. Thapa
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna M. Müller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrew Camilli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence Biohealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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Wynn EL, Clawson M. Differences between Predicted Outer Membrane Proteins of Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Genotype 1 and 2 Mannheimia haemolytica Strains Isolated from Cattle. Genome 2021; 65:115-121. [PMID: 34348051 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Common bacterial causes of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) include Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Pasteurella multocida. Within M. haemolytica, two major genotypes are commonly found in cattle (1 and 2), however, genotype 2 strains are isolated from diseased lungs much more frequently than genotype 1 strains. Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of H. somni, P. multocida, and genotype 2 M. haemolytica may be important factors for acquired host immunity. Predicted OMP differences between genotype 1 and 2 M. haemolytica have been previously identified. In this study, we expanded that focus to include bovine-isolated strain genomes representing all three species and the two M. haemolytica genotypes. Reported here are the core genomes unique to each of them, core genomes shared between some or all combinations of the three species and two M. haemolytica genotypes, and predicted OMPs within these core genomes. The OMPs identified in this study are potential candidates for further study and the development of interventions against BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Wynn
- USDA-ARS Roman L Hruska US Meat Animal Research Center, 57652, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States;
| | - Michael Clawson
- USDA-ARS Roman L Hruska US Meat Animal Research Center, 57652, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States;
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15
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Mei C, Sun AH, Blackall PJ, Xian H, Li SF, Gong YM, Wang HJ. Component Identification and Functional Analysis of Outer Membrane Vesicles Released by Avibacterium paragallinarum. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:518060. [PMID: 33101220 PMCID: PMC7545073 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.518060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Avibacterium paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza, is known to release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). In the present study, we investigated the composition, bioactivities, and functional properties of the OMVs of A. paragallinarum. Following extraction and purification, the OMVs were observed to be spherical in shape, with diameters ranging from 20 to 300 nm. The vesicles contained endotoxin as well as genomic DNA. The molecular weights of the OMV-contained protein fragments were mostly concentrated at 65 and 15 kDa. The components of the OMV proteins were mainly various functional enzymes (e.g., ATP-dependent RNA helicase), structural components (e.g., streptomycin B receptor and membrane protein), and some hypothetical proteins with unknown functions. The expression levels of inflammation-related factors, such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), were significantly upregulated in chicken macrophage cells HD11 incubated with OMVs. Serum IgG antibodies were measured after two intramuscular injections of an OMV-based vaccine into specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The vaccinated chickens were then challenged by A. paragallinarum of homologous and heterologous serovars. It was noted that the vaccinated chickens produced immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against A. paragallinarum. The OMVs conferred an acceptable level of protection (70%), defined as an absence of colonization and of clinical signs, against the homologous strain (serovar A), while the cross-protection against heterologous challenge with serovars B and C was much weaker. However, the OMVS did provide significant protection against clinical signs for all three serovars. Overall, this study laid a foundation for further unraveling the functional roles of OMVs released by A. paragallinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Mei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Hua Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Patrick J Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Hong Xian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Mei Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Jun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
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16
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Uddin MJ, Dawan J, Jeon G, Yu T, He X, Ahn J. The Role of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles in the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance and as Promising Carriers for Therapeutic Agent Delivery. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E670. [PMID: 32380740 PMCID: PMC7284617 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria continues to be an issue difficult to deal with, especially in the clinical, animal husbandry, and food fields. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria renders treatment with antibiotics ineffective. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic methods is a worthwhile research endeavor in treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Recently, bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have been investigated as a possible approach to drug delivery and vaccine development. The BMVs are released by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, containing various components originating from the cytoplasm and the cell envelope. The BMVs are able to transform bacteria with genes that encode enzymes such as proteases, glycosidases, and peptidases, resulting in the enhanced antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The BMVs can increase the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics. However, the biogenesis and functions of BMVs are not fully understood in association with the bacterial pathogenesis. Therefore, this review aims to discuss BMV-associated antibiotic resistance and BMV-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jalal Uddin
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (M.J.U.); (J.D.); (G.J.)
| | - Jirapat Dawan
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (M.J.U.); (J.D.); (G.J.)
| | - Gibeom Jeon
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (M.J.U.); (J.D.); (G.J.)
| | - Tao Yu
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining 272033, China;
| | - Xinlong He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Juhee Ahn
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea; (M.J.U.); (J.D.); (G.J.)
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17
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Zingl FG, Kohl P, Cakar F, Leitner DR, Mitterer F, Bonnington KE, Rechberger GN, Kuehn MJ, Guan Z, Reidl J, Schild S. Outer Membrane Vesiculation Facilitates Surface Exchange and In Vivo Adaptation of Vibrio cholerae. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 27:225-237.e8. [PMID: 31901519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles into the external milieu to deliver effector molecules that alter the host and facilitate virulence. Vesicle formation is driven by phospholipid accumulation in the outer membrane and regulated by the phospholipid transporter VacJ/Yrb. We use the facultative human pathogen Vibrio cholerae to show that VacJ/Yrb is silenced early during mammalian infection, which stimulates vesiculation that expedites bacterial surface exchange and adaptation to the host environment. Hypervesiculating strains rapidly alter their bacterial membrane composition and exhibit enhanced intestinal colonization fitness. This adaptation is exemplified by faster accumulation of glycine-modified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and depletion of outer membrane porin OmpT, which confers resistance to host-derived antimicrobial peptides and bile, respectively. The competitive advantage of hypervesiculation is lost upon pre-adaptation to bile and antimicrobial peptides, indicating the importance of these adaptive processes. Thus, bacteria use outer membrane vesiculation to exchange cell surface components, thereby increasing survival during mammalian infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz G Zingl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Paul Kohl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Fatih Cakar
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Deborah R Leitner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Fabian Mitterer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Gerald N Rechberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Meta J Kuehn
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ziqiang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joachim Reidl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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18
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Pressler K, Mitterer F, Vorkapic D, Reidl J, Oberer M, Schild S. Characterization of Vibrio cholerae's Extracellular Nuclease Xds. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2057. [PMID: 31551990 PMCID: PMC6746945 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae encodes two nucleases, Dns and Xds, which play a major role during the human pathogen's lifecycle. Dns and Xds control three-dimensional biofilm formation and bacterial detachment from biofilms via degradation of extracellular DNA and thus contribute to the environmental, inter-epidemic persistence of the pathogen. During intestinal colonization the enzymes help evade the innate immune response, and therefore promote survival by mediating escape from neutrophil extracellular traps. Xds has the additional function of degrading extracellular DNA down to nucleotides, which are an important nutrient source for V. cholerae. Thus, Xds is a key enzyme for survival fitness during distinct stages of the V. cholerae lifecycle and could be a potential therapeutic target. This study provides detailed information about the enzymatic properties of Xds using purified protein in combination with a real time nuclease activity assay. The data define an optimal buffer composition for Xds activity as 50 mM Tris/HCl pH 7, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM MgCl2, and 20 mM CaCl2. Moreover, maximal activity was observed using substrate DNA with low GC content and ambient temperatures of 20-25°C. In silico analysis and homology modeling predicted an exonuclease domain in the C-terminal part of the protein. Biochemical analyses with truncated variants and point mutants of Xds confirm that the C-terminal region is sufficient for nuclease activity. We also find that residues D787 and H837 within the predicted exonuclease domain are key to formation of the catalytic center.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Mitterer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dina Vorkapic
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Reidl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Monika Oberer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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19
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Mannheimia haemolytica in bovine respiratory disease: immunogens, potential immunogens, and vaccines. Anim Health Res Rev 2019; 19:79-99. [PMID: 30683173 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252318000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica is the major cause of severe pneumonia in bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Early M. haemolytica bacterins were either ineffective or even enhanced disease in vaccinated cattle, which led to studies of the bacterium's virulence factors and potential immunogens to determine ways to improve vaccines. Studies have focused on the capsule, lipopolysaccharide, various adhesins, extracellular enzymes, outer membrane proteins, and leukotoxin (LKT) resulting in a strong database for understanding immune responses to the bacterium and production of more efficacious vaccines. The importance of immunity to LKT and to surface antigens in stimulating immunity led to studies of individual native or recombinant antigens, bacterial extracts, live-attenuated or mutant organisms, culture supernatants, combined bacterin-toxoids, outer membrane vesicles, and bacterial ghosts. Efficacy of several of these potential vaccines can be shown following experimental M. haemolytica challenge; however, efficacy in field trials is harder to determine due to the complexity of factors and etiologic agents involved in naturally occurring BRD. Studies of potential vaccines have led current commercial vaccines, which are composed primarily of culture supernatant, bacterin-toxoid, or live mutant bacteria. Several of those can be augmented experimentally by addition of recombinant LKT or outer membrane proteins.
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Luo Q, Kong L, Dong J, Zhang T, Wang H, Zhang R, Lu Q, Chen H, Shao H, Jin M. Protection of chickens against fowl cholera by supernatant proteins of Pasteurella multocida cultured in an iron-restricted medium. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:221-229. [PMID: 30640510 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1568390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida), a causative agent of fowl cholera, is an important pathogen in the poultry industry. In the present study, we found that the inactivated vaccine of P. multocida grown in an iron-restricted medium provided better protection than that grown in normal medium. Thus, we adopted a comparative proteomics approach, by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS), to profile the supernatant proteins associated with P. multocida under both conditions. Eleven upregulated proteins were identified, including aspartate ammonia-lyase (AspA), diacylglycerol kinase (DgK), 30S ribosomal protein S6 (RpsF), and eight outer membrane proteins (OMPs). To further characterize the three novel supernatant proteins identified under iron-restricted conditions, the AspA, DgK and RpsF proteins were expressed and purified, and used as immunogens to vaccinate chickens. The results showed that AspA, DgK and RpsF proteins induced 80.0%, 66.7%, and 80.0% immunity, respectively. These data indicate that the three novel proteins identified in the supernatant of the culture media might play important roles in the survival of bacteria under iron-restricted conditions, and thus protect chickens against P. multocida. These findings also suggest that the proteins identified can be used as subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Luo
- a State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.,b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyan Kong
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dong
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.,c Hubei Engineering Technology Center of Veterinary Diagnostic products , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Wang
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.,c Hubei Engineering Technology Center of Veterinary Diagnostic products , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.,c Hubei Engineering Technology Center of Veterinary Diagnostic products , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Lu
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.,c Hubei Engineering Technology Center of Veterinary Diagnostic products , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Huabin Shao
- b Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture) , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.,c Hubei Engineering Technology Center of Veterinary Diagnostic products , Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Meilin Jin
- a State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
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Development of a novel S. Typhi and Paratyphi A outer membrane vesicles based bivalent vaccine against enteric fever. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203631. [PMID: 30216367 PMCID: PMC6138408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A are the leading causative agents of enteric fever which cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, there is no combination vaccine which could protect infection from both the strains. In this paper, we are focusing on the development of a novel bivalent typhoidal Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) based immunogen against enteric fever. We have isolated Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A OMVs and also characterized OMVs associated antigens. Then we immunized adult mice with three doses of our newly formulated bivalent immunogen orally (25 μg/200 μl). After three doses of oral immunization, we found our immunogen could significantly induce humoral response. We have also found serum IgG against LPS, Vi-polysaccharide etc. OMV immunization induces CD4, CD8 and CD19 population in immunized mice spleen. It also induces Th1 and Th17-cell mediated immunity. We also found bivalent OMVs immunization can prevent more than lethal dose of heterologous Salmonella strains mediated systemic infection in adult mice model. We determined that, the protective immune responses depend on the humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Furthermore, we have evaluated the mode of protective immune response carried out by anti-OMVs antibody by significantly inhibiting bacterial motility and mucin penetration ability. Taken together, these findings suggest that our bivalent immunogen could be used as a novel candidate vaccine against enteric fever.
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22
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Díaz AM, Almozni B, Molina MA, Sparo MD, Manghi MA, Canellada AM, Castro MS. Potentiation of the humoral immune response elicited by a commercial vaccine against bovine respiratory disease by Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:553-562. [PMID: 29633631 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination against pathogens involved in bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a useful tool to reduce the risk of this disease however, it has been observed that the commercially available vaccines only partially prevent the infections caused by Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica. Therefore, it is recommended to search for new adjuvant strategies to minimise the economic impact of this respiratory syndrome. A possibility to improve the conventional vaccine response is to modulate the immune system with probiotics, since there is accumulating evidence that certain immunomodulatory strains administered around the time of vaccination can potentiate the immune response. Considering veterinary vaccines are frequently tested in murine models, we have developed an immunisation schedule in BALB/c mice that allows us to study the immune response elicited by BRD vaccine. In order to evaluate a potential strategy to enhance vaccine efficacy, the adjuvant effect of Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121 on the murine specific humoral immune response elicited by a commercial vaccine against BRD was studied. Results indicate that the intragastric administration of E. faecalis CECT7121 was able to induce an increase in the specific antibody titres against the bacterial components of the BRD vaccines (P. multocida and M. haemolytica). The quality of the humoral immune response, in terms of antibody avidity, was also improved. Regarding the cellular immune response, although the BRD vaccination induced a low specific secretion of cytokines in the spleen cell culture supernatants, E. faecalis CECT7121-treated mice showed higher interferon-γ production than immunised control mice. Our results allowed us to conclude that the administration of E. faecalis CECT7121 could be employed as an adjuvant strategy to potentiate humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Díaz
- 1 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2 CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral 'Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni' (IDEHU), Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - B Almozni
- 1 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2 CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral 'Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni' (IDEHU), Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M A Molina
- 1 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2 CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral 'Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni' (IDEHU), Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,4 ABM Laboratorios Tandil, Batalla de Maipú 937, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - M D Sparo
- 3 Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Microbiología y Parasitología (CUDEMyP-CIC), Calle 60 y 120, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M A Manghi
- 1 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2 CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral 'Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni' (IDEHU), Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A M Canellada
- 1 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2 CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral 'Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni' (IDEHU), Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M S Castro
- 1 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2 CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral 'Prof. Dr. Ricardo A. Margni' (IDEHU), Junín 956, 1113 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cultural and immunohistochemical evaluation of bacterial agents in caprine pneumonia in Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-018-2700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Persson G, Pors SE, Thøfner ICN, Bojesen AM. Vaccination with outer membrane vesicles and the fimbrial protein FlfA offers improved protection against lesions following challenge with Gallibacterium anatis. Vet Microbiol 2018; 217:104-111. [PMID: 29615242 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis is an opportunistic poultry pathogen belonging to the Pasteurellaceae family. It has been shown to cause oophoritis, salpingitis and peritonitis in hens, as well as being associated with reduced semen quality in cockerels. Widespread multidrug resistance and substantial antigenic variation among strains of Gallibacterium anatis is a major constraint to treatment with antimicrobials and prevention of infection by vaccination. Novel vaccine strategies targeting G. anatis are therefore necessary. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized vesicles formed from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. These vesicles have shown promising potential as both adjuvants and as vaccine candidates against numerous bacterial species. A high vesiculating mutant of G. anatis (G. anatis ΔtolR) has previously been made, enabling production of OMVs in large scale. In this study, we elucidated the potential of G. anatis ΔtolR OMVs as adjuvant for the conserved antigens GtxA-N (the N-terminal part of the RTX like toxin Gallibacterium toxin A) and FlfA (F17-like fimbria), as well as evaluated if combinations of OMVs together with antigens could facilitate cross-protective immunity against three different strains of G. anatis. We showed that ΔtolR OMVs function as an adjuvant for GtxA-N by inducing antigen specific antibody production. However, OMVs in combination with GtxA-N failed to induce protection against lesions after challenge infection. In contrast, vaccination with OMVs in combination with FlfA protected against lesions, especially in the salpinx, caused by two diverse strains of G. anatis, thereby indicating a cross-protective potential. No protection against the third G. anatis strain 7990 could be obtained in any of the experimental settings. In conclusion, ΔtolR OMVs and FlfA could serve as potential future vaccine components againt G. anatis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Persson
- Department of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Susanne E Pors
- Department of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida C N Thøfner
- Department of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders M Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Isolation of Outer Membrane Vesicles Including Their Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1839:117-134. [PMID: 30047059 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8685-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally secreted from the bacterial cell surface and therefore localized in the cell-free supernatant of bacterial cultures. Here we describe methods for crude and density gradient-purified OMV isolation and protocols for control analyses for protein profiling (SDS-PAGE), detection of indicator proteins (immunoblot analysis), lipid profiling (lipid extraction and LC-MS analysis), vesicle size determination (NanoSight), rough estimation of biomass (TrayCell™), as well as quantifications of defined OMV components, e.g., proteins (Bradford) and LPS (Purpald).
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26
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Bacterial, PCR and clinico-pathological diagnosis of naturally occurring pneumonic pasturellosis (mannheimiosis) during subtropical climate in sheep. Microb Pathog 2017; 112:176-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Jesse FFA, Ibrahim HH, Abba Y, Chung ELT, Marza AD, Mazlan M, Zamri-Saad M, Omar AR, Zakaria MZAB, Saharee AA, Haron AW, Lila MAM. Reproductive hormonal variations and adenohypophyseal lesions in pre-pubertal buffalo heifers inoculated with Pasteurella multocida type B: 2 and its immunogens. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:88. [PMID: 28381248 PMCID: PMC5382481 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic septicemia is a fatal disease of cattle and buffaloes caused by P. multocida. Although the pathogenesis of the bacteria has been well established in literature, there is a paucity of information on the possible role of the bacteria and its immunogens; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane proteins (OMPs) on the reproductive capacity of buffalo heifers. METHODS In this study, twenty one healthy prepubertal female buffaloes aged 8 months were divided into seven groups of 3 buffaloes each (G1-G7). Group 1 (G1) served as the negative control group and were inoculated orally with 10 mL sterile Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS), groups 2 (G2) and 3 (G3) were inoculated orally and subcutaneously with 10 mL of 1012 colony forming unit (cfu) of P.multocida type B: 2, while groups 4 (G4) and 5 (G5) received 10 mL of bacterial LPS orally and intravenously, respectively. Lastly, groups 6 (G6) and 7 (G7) were orally and subcutaneously inoculated with 10 mL of bacterial OMPs. Whole blood was collected in EDTA vials at stipulated time points (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 120, 168, 216, 264, 312, 360, 408, 456 and 504 h), while tissue sections of the pituitary glands were collected and transported to the histopathology laboratory in 10% buffered formalin for processing and Hematoxylin and eosin staining. Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (PG), estradiol (EST) and gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) were determined. RESULTS The histopathological lesions observed in the pituitary gland included hemorrhage, congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, hydropic degeneration, necrosis and edema. These changes were higher (p < 0.05) in distribution and severity in G3, G6 and G7. Hormonal concentrations of LH, FSH, PG, EST and GnRH declined in all inoculation groups as time elapsed and were lower (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, P.multocida B: 2 and its immunogens can be said to negatively affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in decreased levels of reproductive hormones which may predispose to infertility in buffalo heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia. .,Research Centre for Ruminant Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Hayder Hamzah Ibrahim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.,BabilTechnical Institute, Al Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Hillah, Iraq
| | - Yusuf Abba
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ali Dhiaa Marza
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qassim, Buraidah, Iraq
| | - Mazlina Mazlan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zamri-Saad
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Abdul Aziz Saharee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abd Wahid Haron
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
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28
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Kissels W, Wu X, Santos R. Short communication: Interaction of the isomers carvacrol and thymol with the antibiotics doxycycline and tilmicosin: In vitro effects against pathogenic bacteria commonly found in the respiratory tract of calves. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:970-974. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pors SE, Pedersen IJ, Skjerning RB, Thøfner ICN, Persson G, Bojesen AM. Outer membrane vesicles of Gallibacterium anatis induce protective immunity in egg-laying hens. Vet Microbiol 2016; 195:123-127. [PMID: 27771057 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gallibacterium anatis causes infections in the reproductive tract of egg-laying hens and induce increased mortality and decreased egg production. New prophylactic measures are needed in order to improve animal welfare and production efficiency. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have previously shown promising results in protection against infections and we hypothesized that OMVs could serve as an immunogen to protect egg-laying hens against G. anatis. To investigate the immunogenic potential of G. anatis OMVs, two in vivo studies in egg-laying hens were made. The trials assessedthe degree of protection provided by immunization with G. anatis OMV against challenge and the IgY responses in serum after immunization and challenge, respectively. A total of 64 egg-laying hens were included in the trials. OMVs for immunization were produced and purified from a high-producing G. anatis ΔtolR mutant. Challenge was done with G. anatis 12656-12 and evaluated by scoring lesions and bacterial re-isolation rates from peritoneum. Finally, levels of OMV-specific IgY in sera were assayed by ELISA. Immunization with OMVs decreased the lesions scores significantly, while the bacterial re-isolation remained unchanged. Furthermore, a high OMV-specific IgY response was induced by immunization and subsequent challenge of the hens. The results strongly indicate that immunization with G. anatis OMVs provides significant protection against G. anatis challenge and induces specific antibody responses with high titers of OMV-specific IgY in serum. The results therefore show great promise for OMV based vaccines aiming at providing protecting against G. anatis in egg-laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne E Pors
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ida J Pedersen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ragnhild Bager Skjerning
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ida C N Thøfner
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Gry Persson
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anders M Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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30
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Tucci P, Estevez V, Becco L, Cabrera-Cabrera F, Grotiuz G, Reolon E, Marín M. Identification of Leukotoxin and other vaccine candidate proteins in a Mannheimia haemolytica commercial antigen. Heliyon 2016; 2:e00158. [PMID: 27699279 PMCID: PMC5035357 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine Respiratory Disease is the most costly disease that affects beef and dairy cattle industry. Its etiology is multifactorial, arising from predisposing environmental stress conditions as well as the action of several different respiratory pathogens. This situation has hindered the development of effective control strategies. Although different type of vaccines are available, many currently marketed vaccines are based on inactivated cultures of the main viral and bacterial agents involved in this pathology. The molecular composition of commercial veterinary vaccines is a critical issue. The present work aims to define at the proteomic level the most relevant valence of a line of commercial respiratory vaccines widely used in Central and South America. Since Mannheimia haemolytica is responsible for most of the disease associated morbid-mortality, we focused on the main proteins secreted by this pathogen, in particular Leukotoxin A, its main virulence factor. By Western blot analysis and mass spectrometry, Leukotoxin A was identified as a major component of M. haemolytica culture supernatants. We also identified other ten M. haemolytica proteins, including outer membrane proteins, periplasmic transmembrane solute transporters and iron binding proteins, which are relevant to achieve protective immunity against the pathogen. This work allowed a detailed molecular characterization of this vaccine component, providing evidence of its quality and efficacy. Furthermore, our results contributed to the identification of several proteins of interest as subunit vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tucci
- Biotechnology Division, Laboratorios Celsius, S.A. Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo, Uruguay; Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Verónica Estevez
- Biotechnology Division, Laboratorios Celsius, S.A. Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lorena Becco
- Biotechnology Division, Laboratorios Celsius, S.A. Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Cabrera-Cabrera
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Germán Grotiuz
- Virbac Uruguay, S.A. Avda. Millán 4175, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Reolon
- Virbac Uruguay, S.A. Avda. Millán 4175, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mónica Marín
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay
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31
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Peng B, Ye JZ, Han Y, Zeng L, Zhang JY, Li H. Identification of polyvalent protective immunogens from outer membrane proteins in Vibrio parahaemolyticus to protect fish against bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:204-10. [PMID: 27071519 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most effective and economic way to prevent infectious diseases in aquaculture. The development of effective vaccines, however, is still limited, especially for polyvalent vaccines, which are against multiple species. With this regard, identification of polyvalent protective immunogens, serving as polyvalent vaccines, became a key step in vaccine development. In the current study, 17 outer membrane proteins from Vibrio parahaemolyticus were identified as immunogens. Further, four of the 17 proteins including VP2309, VP0887, VPA0548 and VP1019 were characterized as efficiently protective immunogens against V. parahaemolyticus' infection through passive and active immunizations in zebrafish. Importantly, these four proteins showed cross-protective capability against infections by Aeromonas hydrophila or/and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which shared similar epitopes with V. parahaemolyticus in homology of these proteins. Further investigation showed that the expression level of the four protective immunogens elevated in response to fish plasma in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that the four protective immunogens are polyvalent vaccine candidates in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhou Ye
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Han
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zeng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Univ Texas, Dept Biol Sci, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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A novel mechanism for the biogenesis of outer membrane vesicles in Gram-negative bacteria. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10515. [PMID: 26806181 PMCID: PMC4737802 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have important biological roles in pathogenesis and intercellular interactions, but a general mechanism of OMV formation is lacking. Here we show that the VacJ/Yrb ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transport system, a proposed phospholipid transporter, is involved in OMV formation. Deletion or repression of VacJ/Yrb increases OMV production in two distantly related Gram-negative bacteria, Haemophilus influenzae and Vibrio cholerae. Lipidome analyses demonstrate that OMVs from VacJ/Yrb-defective mutants in H. influenzae are enriched in phospholipids and certain fatty acids. Furthermore, we demonstrate that OMV production and regulation of the VacJ/Yrb ABC transport system respond to iron starvation. Our results suggest a new general mechanism of OMV biogenesis based on phospholipid accumulation in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane. This mechanism is highly conserved among Gram-negative bacteria, provides a means for regulation, can account for OMV formation under all growth conditions, and might have important pathophysiological roles in vivo. Bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that play important roles in pathogenesis and intercellular interactions. Here, Roier et al. provide evidence supporting that phospholipid accumulation in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane participates in OMV formation in Gram-negative bacteria.
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Kaur G, Singh S, Sunil Kumar BV, Mahajan K, Verma R. Characterization and Immunogenicity of Outer Membrane Vesicles fromBrucella abortus. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2015; 37:261-72. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2015.1132231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Katsafadou A, Tsangaris G, Billinis C, Fthenakis G. Use of proteomics in the study of microbial diseases of small ruminants. Vet Microbiol 2015; 181:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Leitner DR, Lichtenegger S, Temel P, Zingl FG, Ratzberger D, Roier S, Schild-Prüfert K, Feichter S, Reidl J, Schild S. A combined vaccine approach against Vibrio cholerae and ETEC based on outer membrane vesicles. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:823. [PMID: 26322032 PMCID: PMC4531250 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric infections induced by pathogens like Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) remain a massive burden in developing countries with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Previously, we showed that the immunization with genetically detoxified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from V. cholerae elicits a protective immune response based on the generation of O antigen antibodies, which effectively block the motility by binding to the sheathed flagellum. In this study, we investigated the potential of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-modified and toxin negative OMVs isolated from V. cholerae and ETEC as a combined OMV vaccine candidate. Our results indicate that the immunization with V. cholerae or ETEC OMVs induced a species-specific immune response, whereas the combination of both OMV species resulted in a high-titer, protective immune response against both pathogens. Interestingly, the immunization with V. cholerae OMVs alone resulted in a so far uncharacterized and cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB) independent protection mechanism against an ETEC colonization. Furthermore, we investigated the potential use of V. cholerae OMVs as delivery vehicles for the heterologously expression of the ETEC surface antigens, CFA/I, and FliC. Although we induced a detectable immune response against both heterologously expressed antigens, none of these approaches resulted in an improved protection compared to a simple combination of V. cholerae and ETEC OMVs. Finally, we expanded the current protection model from V. cholerae to ETEC by demonstrating that the inhibition of motility via anti-FliC antibodies represents a relevant protection mechanism of an OMV-based ETEC vaccine candidate in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazGraz, Austria
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Salem W, Leitner DR, Zingl FG, Schratter G, Prassl R, Goessler W, Reidl J, Schild S. Antibacterial activity of silver and zinc nanoparticles against Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxic Escherichia coli. Int J Med Microbiol 2015; 305:85-95. [PMID: 25466205 PMCID: PMC4300426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxic Escherichia coli (ETEC) remain two dominant bacterial causes of severe secretory diarrhea and still a significant cause of death, especially in developing countries. In order to investigate new effective and inexpensive therapeutic approaches, we analyzed nanoparticles synthesized by a green approach using corresponding salt (silver or zinc nitrate) with aqueous extract of Caltropis procera fruit or leaves. We characterized the quantity and quality of nanoparticles by UV-visible wavelength scans and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Nanoparticles could be synthesized in reproducible yields of approximately 10(8) particles/ml with mode particles sizes of approx. 90-100 nm. Antibacterial activity against two pathogens was assessed by minimal inhibitory concentration assays and survival curves. Both pathogens exhibited similar resistance profiles with minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging between 5×10(5) and 10(7) particles/ml. Interestingly, zinc nanoparticles showed a slightly higher efficacy, but sublethal concentrations caused adverse effects and resulted in increased biofilm formation of V. cholerae. Using the expression levels of the outer membrane porin OmpT as an indicator for cAMP levels, our results suggest that zinc nanoparticles inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity. This consequently deceases the levels of this second messenger, which is a known inhibitor of biofilm formation. Finally, we demonstrated that a single oral administration of silver nanoparticles to infant mice colonized with V. cholerae or ETEC significantly reduces the colonization rates of the pathogens by 75- or 100-fold, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Salem
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria; South Valley University, Faculty of Science, Qena, Egypt
| | - Deborah R Leitner
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Franz G Zingl
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gebhart Schratter
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Schmiedlstraße 6, 8042 Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Schmiedlstraße 6, 8042 Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute for Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Reidl
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Thanasarasakulpong A, Poolperm P, Tankaew P, Sawada T, Sthitmatee N. Protectivity conferred by immunization with intranasal recombinant outer membrane protein H from Pasteurella multocida serovar A:1 in chickens. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 77:321-6. [PMID: 25650149 PMCID: PMC4383778 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant outer membrane protein H (rOmpH) is a potential fowl cholera vaccine
candidate. The present study was aimed at developing rOmpH formulations for intranasal
administration. The rOmpH was purified and formulated with either Escherichia
coli enterotoxin B (LTB) or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) as an adjuvant.
Antibody responses in chickens intranasally immunized with rOmpH in combination with 2
different adjuvants were significantly increased (P<0.05) post
immunization. Chicken survival rates showed that rOmpH formulated with ODN and LTB
elicited 90% and 70% protection, respectively. Our findings indicated that rOmpH
formulated with ODN elicited protection better than that formulated with LTB. Therefore,
the vaccines formulations in the present study can be considered new intranasal vaccine
formulations for fowl cholera in chickens.
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Roier S, Blume T, Klug L, Wagner GE, Elhenawy W, Zangger K, Prassl R, Reidl J, Daum G, Feldman MF, Schild S. A basis for vaccine development: Comparative characterization of Haemophilus influenzae outer membrane vesicles. Int J Med Microbiol 2014; 305:298-309. [PMID: 25592265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released from the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. They have been proposed to possess several biological roles in pathogenesis and interbacterial interactions. Additionally, OMVs have been suggested as potential vaccine candidates against infections caused by pathogenic bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae, a human pathogen of the respiratory tract. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of fundamental knowledge regarding OMV biogenesis, protein sorting into OMVs, OMV size and quantity, as well as OMV composition in H. influenzae. Thus, this study comprehensively characterized and compared OMVs and OMs derived from heterologous encapsulated as well as nonencapsulated H. influenzae strains. Semiquantitative immunoblot analysis revealed that certain OM proteins are enriched or excluded in OMVs suggesting the presence of regulated protein sorting mechanisms into OMVs as well as interconnected OMV biogenesis mechanisms in H. influenzae. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, as well as protein and lipooligosaccharide quantifications demonstrated that heterologous H. influenzae strains differ in their OMV size and quantity. Lipidomic analyses identified palmitic acid as the most abundant fatty acid, while phosphatidylethanolamine was found to be the most dominant phospholipid present in OMVs and the OM of all strains tested. Proteomic analysis confirmed that H. influenzae OMVs contain vaccine candidate proteins as well as important virulence factors. These findings contribute to the understanding of OMV biogenesis as well as biological roles of OMVs and, in addition, may be important for the future development of OMV based vaccines against H. influenzae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Roier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Blume
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Klug
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Petersgasse 12/2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel E Wagner
- Institute of Chemistry/Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wael Elhenawy
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, CW405 Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9
| | - Klaus Zangger
- Institute of Chemistry/Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Harrachgasse 21, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Reidl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Günther Daum
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Petersgasse 12/2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Mario F Feldman
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, CW405 Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans outer membrane vesicles are internalized in human host cells and trigger NOD1- and NOD2-dependent NF-κB activation. Infect Immun 2014; 82:4034-46. [PMID: 25024364 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01980-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral and systemic pathogen associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis and with endocarditis. We recently demonstrated that outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) disseminated by A. actinomycetemcomitans could deliver multiple proteins, including biologically active cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), into the cytosol of HeLa cells and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). In the present work, we have used immunoelectron and confocal microscopy analysis and fluorescently labeled vesicles to further investigate mechanisms for A. actinomycetemcomitans OMV-mediated delivery of bacterial antigens to these host cells. Our results supported that OMVs were internalized into the perinuclear region of HeLa cells and HGF. Colocalization analysis revealed that internalized OMVs colocalized with the endoplasmic reticulum and carried antigens, detected using an antibody specific to whole A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype a cells. Consistent with OMV internalization mediating intracellular antigen exposure, the vesicles acted as strong inducers of cytoplasmic peptidoglycan sensor NOD1- and NOD2-dependent NF-κB activation in human embryonic kidney cells. Moreover, NOD1 was the main sensor of OMV-delivered peptidoglycan in myeloid THP1 cells, contributing to the overall inflammatory responses induced by the vesicles. This work reveals a role of A. actinomycetemcomitans OMVs as a trigger of innate immunity via carriage of NOD1- and NOD2-active pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
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Ahmad TA, Rammah SS, Sheweita SA, Haroun M, El-Sayed LH. Development of immunization trials against Pasteurella multocida. Vaccine 2013; 32:909-17. [PMID: 24295805 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurellosis is one of the most important respiratory diseases facing economically valuable farm animals such as poultry, rabbit, cattle, goats and pigs. It causes severe economic loss due to its symptoms that range from primary local infection to fatal septicemia. Pasteurella multocida is the responsible pathogen for this contagious disease. Chemotherapeutic treatment of Pasteurella is expensive, lengthy, and ineffective due to the increasing antibiotics resistance of the bacterium, as well as its toxicity to human consumers. Though, biosecurity measures played a role in diminishing the spread of the pathogen, the immunization methods were always the most potent preventive measures. Since the early 1950s, several trials for constructing and formulating effective vaccines were followed. This up-to-date review classifies and documents such trials. A section is devoted to discussing each group benefits and defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Ahmad
- Scientific Support and Projects Section, Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Samar S Rammah
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salah A Sheweita
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Medhat Haroun
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Laila H El-Sayed
- Immunology Department, Medical Researches Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Lee BJ, Lee SH, Song MS, Pascua PNQ, Kwon HI, Park SJ, Kim EH, Decano A, Kim SM, Lim GJ, Kim DJ, Chang KT, Kim SH, Choi YK. Adjuvant efficacy of mOMV against avian influenza virus infection in mice. J Microbiol 2013; 51:682-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-013-3411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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