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Saniya CK, Rao MV, Patil R, Choudhary S, Singh OP, Dhiman KS. Evaluating Ayurvedic mouthwash and soda-salt mouthwash for oral mucositis in head and neck cancer: A randomized controlled trial. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100829. [PMID: 38029523 PMCID: PMC10698543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemo-radiation (CCRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often suffer from side effects such as mucositis, xerostomia, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and pain, which are being managed symptomatically by alcohol-based mouthwashes. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of Ayurvedic mouthwash "Draksha Guduchyadi Kashaya" in reducing the severity of oral side effects of chemo-radiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS This concurrent parallel randomized controlled study was conducted at Sir Sunderlal Hospital, BHU, on 70 HNSCC patients scheduled to undergo RT/CCRT. Patients who met the inclusion-exclusion criteria were enrolled, and 35 were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (Ayurveda) or the control group using a simple random technique (lottery method). Blinding was not implemented in this study. Patients in the intervention group (Ayurveda) were instructed to perform kavala with 50 ml of "Draksha Guduchyadi Kashaya" for 2 min, ten times daily, while the control group performed 2-min gargling with soda-salt mouthwash ten times daily. RESULTS Out of the 70 patients enrolled, data from 60 patients were analyzed, revealing statistically significant differences in the onset of mucositis (p = 0.049), pharyngitis (p = 0.034), laryngitis (p = 0.009) and intensity of variables such as mucositis (p = 0.000), xerostomia (p = 0.046), pharyngitis (p = 0.002), laryngitis (p = 0.035), and pain (p = 0.000). These findings indicate that Ayurvedic mouthwash may be beneficial in managing the oral side effects of chemo-radiation in HNSCC. CONCLUSION This AYUSH financially supported trial (Reg No: CTRI/2020/04/024672) demonstrates promise as a safe and cost-effective alternative for managing oral complications of RT/CCRT, offering complementary treatment for comprehensive cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Saniya
- National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakrma, Cheruthuruthy, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
| | - Mangalagowri V Rao
- Department of Swasthavritta, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajkala Patil
- Department of Panchakarma, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Choudhary
- Department of Radiotherapy & Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Om Prakash Singh
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K S Dhiman
- Shri Krishna Ayush University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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Nomura K, Nakayama M, Okizaki A. Benefits of basil tea for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer during radioiodine therapy: A randomized controlled trial. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20691. [PMID: 37829808 PMCID: PMC10565770 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute sialadenitis is one of the major physical complications of radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). It is considered necessary to pay attention to the psychological impact on the patient as well as the physical influence during RAIT. Objective To find evidence of the benefits of Basil tea on the psychological and physical side effects of RAIT. Methods Forty-four DTC patients after total thyroidectomy were randomly divided into Group A (Basil tea group, n = 22) and Group B (Control group, n = 22). Subjects in Group A drank 180 mL of Basil tea prepared from 2.0 g of Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn.) leaves after each meal for four days, starting on the day RAIT was performed. Those in Group B drank the same amount of distilled water after each meal for the same period as those in Group A. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess anxiety, while the saliva component test, and salivary gland scintigraphy were used to assess the oral cavity. Results The rate of change of the STAI score (both State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety) was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). The rates of change of cariogenic bacteria, ammonia, protein, and occult blood were significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). The rate of change of the washout ratio for salivary gland scintigraphy was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.05). Conclusions Basil tea consumption not only protected against oral mucosal conditions and salivary gland disorders but also significantly relieved the patient's RAIT-related anxiety. Therefore, it was suggested that this tea could be useful for the maintenance of patients' QOL during RAIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nomura
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Atsutaka Okizaki
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Amiri Khosroshahi R, Talebi S, Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Imani H, Rashidi A, Travica N, Mohammadi H. Nutritional interventions for the prevention and treatment of cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:1200-1212. [PMID: 36763701 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT To date, the efficacy of nutritional interventions on oral mucositis (OM) in patients with cancer, and the quality of this evidence have not been explored. OBJECTIVE The goal of this umbrella review was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of nutritional interventions for patients with cancer with OM, as well as to assess the quality of this evidence. DATA SOURCES Meta-analyses were searched for using PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases until December 2021, with no time restrictions. DATA EXTRACTION Meta-analyses of randomized control trials that evaluated the effects of nutritional interventions on the incidence of OM in patients with cancer had inclusion criteria for this umbrella review. Data extraction, quality assessment of meta-analyses, and primary studies were done independently by 2 authors. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation technique was used to grade the certainty of evidence. DATA ANALYSIS A total of 26 meta-analyses were included in this umbrella review. The results showed that honey, glutamine, and propolis can reduce the incidence of severe OM, based on moderate evidence quality. In addition, zinc supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of OM, regardless of symptom severity; however, low certainty of the evidence was observed. The effects of vitamin E, curcumin, and probiotics on OM were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This umbrella review shows that honey, glutamine, and propolis can significantly reduce the incidence of severe OM. These findings need to be confirmed with well-designed, longitudinal randomized controlled trials. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022301010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Amiri Khosroshahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Rashidi
- Hematology-Oncology and BMT Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nomura K, Nakayama M, Okizaki A. Effects of apitherapy against salivary gland disorder after radioactive iodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Ann Nucl Med 2023:10.1007/s12149-023-01845-w. [PMID: 37149836 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01845-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sialadenitis and salivary gland disorders are complications of radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) that affect the quality of life of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The current study aimed to provide evidence on the protective effect of apitherapy on salivary gland function during RAIT in patients with DTC. METHODS In total, 120 patients with DTC who underwent total thyroidectomy were divided into the apitherapy group (group A, n = 60) and the control group (group B, n = 60). Group A received 2.5 g of acacia honey three times daily after each meal during admission for RAIT. Statistical analyses were performed using the Saxon test (which is used to evaluate saliva volume) and salivary gland scintigraphy (which is applied to assess maximum uptake ratio and washout ratio). RESULTS Compared with group B, group A presented with a more significantly positive change in the rate of amount of saliva before and after treatment (P < 0.01). Group B presented a significant decrease in the maximum uptake ratio of the bilateral parotid and submandibular glands on salivary gland scintigraphy (P < 0.05) and washout ratio of all salivary glands (P < 0.05). Group A did not present significant differences in the maximum uptake ratio and washout ratio. CONCLUSIONS Apitherapy can have protective effects against salivary gland disorder associated with RAIT in patients with DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nomura
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Michihiro Nakayama
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Atsutaka Okizaki
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
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Singh NK, Beckett JM, Kalpurath K, Ishaq M, Ahmad T, Eri RD. Synbiotics as Supplemental Therapy for the Alleviation of Chemotherapy-Associated Symptoms in Patients with Solid Tumours. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071759. [PMID: 37049599 PMCID: PMC10096799 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is still the first line of treatment for most cancer patients. Patients receiving chemotherapy are generally prone to infections, which result in complications, such as sepsis, mucositis, colitis, and diarrhoea. Several nutritional approaches have been trialled to counter the chemotherapy-associated side effects in cancer patients, but none have yet been approved for routine clinical use. One of the approaches to reduce or avoid chemotherapy-associated complications is to restore the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota is essential for the healthy functioning of the immune system, metabolism, and the regulation of other molecular responses in the body. Chemotherapy erodes the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract and results in the loss of gut microbiota. One of the ways to restore the gut microbiota is through the use of probiotics. Probiotics are the ‘good’ bacteria that may provide health benefits if consumed in appropriate amounts. Some studies have highlighted that the consumption of probiotics in combination with prebiotics, known as synbiotics, may provide better health benefits when compared to probiotics alone. This review discusses the different nutritional approaches that have been studied in an attempt to combat chemotherapy-associated side effects in cancer patients with a particular focus on the use of pre-, pro- and synbiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K. Singh
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M. Beckett
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Krishnakumar Kalpurath
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
- Mersey Community Hospital, Latrobe 7307, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ishaq
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Tauseef Ahmad
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Rajaraman D. Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia
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Zwicker P, Freitag M, Heidel FH, Kocher T, Kramer A. Antiseptic efficacy of two mouth rinses in the oral cavity to identify a suitable rinsing solution in radiation- or chemotherapy induced mucositis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:176. [PMID: 36966298 PMCID: PMC10040117 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral mucositis caused by intensive cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy frequently results in pronounced damage of the oral mucosa leading to painful oral hygiene. To support oral care, antimicrobial effective mouth rinses may be used. Thus, the efficacy of a hypochlorite-based mouth rinse (Granudacyn®), assumed to be highly biocompatible because of the compounds being part of the natural pathogen defense, as possible antiseptic agent in case of oral mucositis was compared to that of an octenidine based antiseptic mouth rinse (Octenidol® md). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted as monocentric, controlled, randomized, blind cross over comparative study on 20 volunteers. As a proof of principle, we performed the study on orally healthy subjects and not cancer patients. The efficacy was determined as reduction of colony forming units (cfu) on buccal mucosa as well as in saliva. After mouth rinsing for 30 s, samples were taken after 1 min, 15 min, 30 and 60 min. The lg-reduction was calculated as difference between lg-values of cfu pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS Both antiseptic mouth rinses induced a significant reduction of cfu on buccal mucosa and in saliva 1 min after mouth rinsing. The effect persisted up to 60 min. The octenidine based rinse was significantly superior to the hypochlorite-based rinse up to the last sample 60 min after rinsing. However, the known cytotoxicity of octenidine argues against its application. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, due to its antiseptic efficacy, the hypochlorite-based rinse Granudacyn® can be regarded appropriate to support the oral hygiene in patients with a sensitive oral mucosa during an aggressive cancer chemotherapy and radiation treatment in case of oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Zwicker
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str, University Medicine Greifswald, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Marcus Freitag
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str, University Medicine Greifswald, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Internal Medicine C, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str, University Medicine Greifswald, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 4, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str, University Medicine Greifswald, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany
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Hattori N, Narita Y, Mitsui T, Uehara S, Ichihara K. The protective effects of blueberry honey from Canada against H 2O 2-induced cytotoxicity in human buccal mucosal cells. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:359-365. [PMID: 35995412 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several clinical trials have been conducted worldwide to evaluate the efficacy of honey against stomatitis. However, it is unclear which types of honey are effective at preventing and/or treating stomatitis. This study aimed to evaluate the potencies of several types of honey in preventing and/or curing aphthous stomatitis in in vitro studies. METHODS The following experiments were performed: H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and mucosal cell migration in a scratch assay using buccal mucosa squamous carcinoma (HO-1-N-1) cells and the cellular expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA encoding an enzyme involved in protection against oxidative stress by real-time RT-PCR analysis, and liquid-liquid extraction and UHPLC analysis in order to examine the active components of honey. RESULTS Of the 13 types of honey used, Canadian blueberry honey exhibited the protective effect on H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and enhanced cell migration. In addition, blueberry honey increased the expression of HO-1 mRNA with and without cotreatment with H2O2. With regard to active components of blueberry honey, the water-soluble components with a mass of >10 kDa showed a cytoprotective effect, but they have not been identified. CONCLUSION Canadian blueberry honey, but not the other types of honey, prevents H2O2-induced oxidation of cells, probably through activation of the antioxidant and cytoprotective enzyme HO-1. Blueberry honey also enhanced cell migration, which may be relevant to wound healing. The results of this study suggest the possibility of prophylactic and therapeutic effects of Canadian blueberry honey on human stomatitis that could complement existing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Hattori
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
| | - Yukio Narita
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
| | - Taichi Mitsui
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
| | - Saori Uehara
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan.
| | - Kenji Ichihara
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
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An W, Li S, Qin L. Role of honey in preventing radiation-induced oral mucositis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Funct 2021; 12:3352-3365. [PMID: 33900311 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02808h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy-induced mucositis easily arouses oral ulceration, pain and xerostomia. Intense pain, difficulty swallowing and speaking greatly affect the quality of life and the treatment process. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the effects of honey in preventing and treating radiotherapy-induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer using a different analytical strategy. METHODS Articles published until July 2020 were searched across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated honey were assessed by two reviewers. The number of mucositis incidences was the primary outcome. Weight loss, pain scale and incidence of severe pain were pooled to be calculated as secondary outcomes. Statistical analyses were conducted using RevMan5.3 software. The funnel plot was used to detect publication bias. RESULTS Overall, 11/179 records with 715 patients who received radiotherapy were included. Honey significantly reduced the incidence of grade 2 (OR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.54-0.98, P = 0.03), grade 3 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.35, P < 0.001) and grade 4 mucositis (OR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.08-0.36, P < 0.001). In grade 1 (OR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.15-2.06, P = 0.003), and honey was not significant in preventing radiation-induced mucositis. The incidence of unbearable pain was lower in the honey group at all grades (OR: -0.20, 95%CI: -0.33 to -0.07). The effect of honey on weight loss and pain score was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Honey can prevent and alleviate grade 2-4 mucositis, especially in high grade mucositis. Honey also provides some relief from severe pain. But, more evidence is required to prove that honey is an effective substance for relieving pain or minimizing weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Davy C, Heathcote S. A systematic review of interventions to mitigate radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2021; 29:2187-2202. [PMID: 32889582 PMCID: PMC7892691 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis is a debilitating consequence of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancers. Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) can cause pain and weight loss, reduce quality of life and affect treatment outcomes. METHODS A systematic review was undertaken to identify and examine the efficacy of low-cost interventions to mitigate RIOM and to develop clinical guidelines based on the evidence. RESULTS The author identified three interventions: benzydamine hydrochloride mouth rinse (BHM), honey and oral glutamine (OG). The search identified twenty-four studies in total. Four studies examined BHM; all findings were favourable, although only one had moderate methodological quality, and the rest were low. The product was poorly tolerated by some participants in one study. Twelve studies examined honey. Eleven of these had favourable results; two studies had moderate methodological quality, and the rest were low. Eight studies examined OG. Six of these had favourable results; two studies had moderate methodological quality, and the rest were low. CONCLUSION The author cannot recommend BHM to mitigate RIOM due to the overall low quality of the studies and poor tolerance to the product. The author cannot recommend honey to mitigate RIOM due to weak evidence supporting the intervention. The author can recommend OG to mitigate RIOM. There is a need for high-quality studies with a consensus of the methodology to reduce heterogeneity and examination of the cost-effectiveness of the interventions.
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Edwards A, Santos C, Chen A, Bauer J. Nutritional interventions for oral mucositis: a systematic literature review. Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Edwards
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Queensland Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Toowoomba Hospital Toowoomba Queensland Australia
| | - Claire Santos
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Queensland Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - An‐Yang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Judith Bauer
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Queensland Australia
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Baliga MS, Rao S, Hegde SK, Rao P, Simon P, George T, Venkatesh P, Baliga-Rao MP, Thilakchand KR. Usefulness of Honey as an Adjunct in the Radiation Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer: Emphasis on Pharmacological and Mechanism/s of Actions. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:20-29. [PMID: 33573581 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210126094509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC), ionizing radiation is an important modality in achieving curative objectives. However, the effective use of radiation is compromised by the side effects resulting from the damage to the adjacent normal tissue. Preclinical studies carried out in the recent past have shown that the age old dietary agent honey, which also possess myriad medicinal use is beneficial in mitigating diverse radiation-induced side effects like mucositis, xerostomia, fatigue, weight loss and to promote healing of refractory wounds. OBJECTIVE The objective of this memoir is to review the beneficial effects of honey in mitigating radiation-induced side effects in HNC and to emphasize on the underlying mechanism of action for the beneficial effects Methods: Two authors searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for publications up to December 2019 to assess the ability of honey in reducing the severity of radiation-induced ill effects in the treatment of HNC. Subsequently, the adjunct pharmacological effects and mechanism/s responsible were also searched for and appropriately used to substantiate the underlying mechanism/s of action for the beneficial effects. RESULTS The existing data is suggestive that honey is beneficial in mitigating the radiation-induced mucositis, xerostomia, healing of recalcitrant wounds in radiation exposed regions and multiple pathways mediate the beneficial effects especially, free radical scavenging, antioxidant, wound healing, anticancer, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anabolic, anti-fatigue and anti-anaemic effects that add additional value to the use of honey as an adjunct in cancer therapy. CONCLUSION For the first time this review addresses the underlying pharmacological effects related to the beneficial effects of honey in radiation-induced damage, and attempts at emphasizes the lacunae that need further studies for optimizing the use of honey as an adjunct in radiotherapy of HNC. The authors suggest that future studies should be directed at understanding the detail molecular mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects using validated cell culture and animal models of study. Large multi centric clinical trials with standardised honey is also needed to understand the clinical use of honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeshwar S Baliga
- Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Sanath K Hegde
- Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Pratima Rao
- Department of Orodental Pathology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Paul Simon
- Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Thomas George
- Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Ponemone Venkatesh
- Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka. India
| | | | - Karadka R Thilakchand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi 580022. India
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12
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Gkantaifi A, Vardas E, Alongi F, Tsoukalas N, Saraireh HH, Charalampakis N, Lövey J, Hajiioannou J, Kyrodimos E, Tsanadis K, Mauri D, Christopoulos C, Iliadis G, Tolia M. Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Five Years Literature Review. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2020; 16:151-165. [PMID: 32735527 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666200731182708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Backround: Radiation-induced oral mucositis consists of a series of relatively frequent side effects after head and neck cancer radiotherapy and has an adverse impact on both regular treatment process and the quality of life of patients. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present review is to optimize the current management of radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. METHODS PubMed database research was performed on articles published since 2015 that demonstrated efficacy in the management of radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. The study selection included observational, prospective, comparative, randomized, double- blind, placebo-controlled or uncontrolled, and retrospective studies, as well as systematic reviews and metanalyses. RESULTS From the 931 citations obtained from the search, only 94 articles met the inclusion criteria, including mucosal protectants, anti-inflammatory agents, growth factors, and various miscellaneous and natural agents. Several methods, including both pharmacological and natural agents, have been proposed for the management of oral mucositis. In addition to the already known interventions with strong evidence, according to the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and he International Society of Oral Oncology guidelines, further agents have been used. However, a great number of them lack clear evidence, which surely requires the design of more controlled clinical trials for a better assessment of the ideal methods. CONCLUSION The management of oral mucositis constitutes an active area of research. In light of these results, it is aimed to illustrate those treatment strategies that are most effective regarding the treatment approach of oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Gkantaifi
- Radiotherapy Department, Interbalkan Medical Center, 10 Asclepioustr, 57001 Pylaia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Vardas
- Clinic of Hospital Dentistry, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivonstr, Goudi, 11527Athens, Greece
| | - Filippo Alongi
- Advanced Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS SacroCuore Don Calabria, Hospital, Negrar, Verona, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Tsoukalas
- Oncology Department, General Military Hospital 401, 138 Avenue Mesogeion & Katechaki, 11525, Athens, Greece
| | - Haytham Hamed Saraireh
- Radiation Oncology Department, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, King Hussein, Medical Center, King Abdullah II St 230, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Jozsef Lövey
- Department of Oncology, Center of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jiannis Hajiioannou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis,41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tsanadis
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital of Larisa, Biopolis, 41110, Larisa, Greece
| | - Davide Mauri
- Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos Christopoulos
- Radiation Oncology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Intercommunal Le Raincy, Montfermeil, 10 Rue du General Leclerc, 93370 Montfermeil, France
| | - George Iliadis
- Radiotherapy Department, Interbalkan Medical Center, 10 Asclepioustr, 57001 Pylaia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Tolia
- Department of Radiotherapy, University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biopolis,41110, Larisa, Greece
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Gkantaifi A, Alongi F, Vardas E, Cuccia F, Hajiioannou J, Kyrodimos E, Christopoulos C, Mauri D, Charalampakis N, Trogkanis N, Tsoukalas N, Iliadis G, Tolia M. Honey Against Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses of the Literature. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2020; 15:360-369. [PMID: 32646360 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666200709140405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Backround: Oral mucositis (OM) consists of a major side effect of radiotherapy (RT) in head and neck (H-N) cancer patients and natural honey is gaining more and more scientific interest due to its beneficial effects in tissue repair. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to better clarify the preventive/therapeutic role of honey in the management of OM in patients with H-N cancer undergoing RT with or without chemotherapy (CT). METHODS We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were only reviews and meta-analyses that illustrated the effective use of honey for either the prevention or treatment of OM in H-N cancer patients receiving either RT alone or in combination with CT. RESULTS Our search resulted in 92 citations, of which 12 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Decreased incidence and severity of OM, extended time of occurrence of mucositis, less weight loss and less treatment interruptions were occasionally documented with conventional honey use in the included reviews and meta-analyses. In contrast to conventional honey, manuka honey proved to be weak in improving OM management in the small number of included reviews in our search. CONCLUSION Conventional honey might constitute a highly promising natural product against OM attracting much scientific interest due to its easy accessibility and low financial cost. Hence, the lack of studies with high evidence requires further advanced research to enhance the existing knowledge about the potential value of honey in radiation-induced OM in H-N cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Gkantaifi
- Radiotherapy Department, Interbalkan Medical Center, 10 Asclepioustr, 55535Pylaia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Filippo Alongi
- Advanced Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS SacroCuore Don Calabria,Negrar-Verona, Italy
| | - Emmanouil Vardas
- Clinic of Dentistry Hospital, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivonstr, Goudi, 11527Athens, Greece
| | - Francesco Cuccia
- Advanced Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS SacroCuore Don Calabria,Negrar-Verona, Italy
| | - Jiannis Hajiioannou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis,41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Christopoulos
- Radiation Oncology Department, GroupeHospitalierIntercommunal Le Raincy, Montfermeil, 10 Rue du GeneralLeclerc, 93370 Montfermeil, France
| | - Davide Mauri
- Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Trogkanis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 2nd Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy Unit, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tsoukalas
- Oncology Department, General Military Hospital 401, 138 Mesogeion & Katechaki Avenue, 11525, Athens, Greece
| | - George Iliadis
- Radiotherapy Department, Interbalkan Medical Center, 10 Asclepioustr, 55535Pylaia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Tolia
- Department of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Biopolis,41110, Larisa, Greece
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Zhang X, Sun D, Qin N, Liu M, Zhang J, Li X. Comparative prevention potential of 10 mouthwashes on intolerable oral mucositis in cancer patients: A Bayesian network analysis. Oral Oncol 2020; 107:104751. [PMID: 32388411 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a wide variety of mouthwashes currently available for the prevention of intolerable oral mucositis (OM) onset. Because of a lack of evidence from head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the relative effects of these mouthwashes in intolerable OM patients remain unclear. This study compared the preventive effect of ten mouthwashes in intolerable OM. METHODS A literature search was performed of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and MEDLINE (PubMed) databases. Reports published from 1990 to 2019 focusing on mouthwashes for preventing OM were identified. Authors assessed the studies' risk of bias in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and followed the PRISMA for Network Meta-Analyses Statement. Authors estimated summary odds ratios (ORs) using pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis with random effects. RESULTS Thirty-six RCTs, with a total of 2594 patients, were included in the present study. Bayesian network analysis showed that honey (Odd Ratio [OR] 0.17, 95%CI 0.09 to 0.30), chamomile (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.52), curcumin (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.67) and benzydamine (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.54) mouthwashes were superior to placebo. Honey mouthwashes were more efficacious than chlorhexidine (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.92), sucralfate (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.96) and povidone-iodine (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.82) mouthwashes. Other mouthwashes showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS According to the analysis of rank probabilities, chamomile, honey, curcumin and benzydamine mouthwashes may be the most advantageous in terms of the prevention of intolerable OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| | - Di Sun
- School of Nursing, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.79, Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Nan Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
| | - Meishuo Liu
- School of Nursing, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, No.828 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.79, Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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15
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Yu YY, Deng JL, Jin XR, Zhang ZZ, Zhang XH, Zhou X. Effects of 9 oral care solutions on the prevention of oral mucositis: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19661. [PMID: 32311938 PMCID: PMC7220734 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is a common, disabling, and severe early effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy that limits the effectiveness of anticancer therapy. The prevention and treatment of OM in patients with malignant tumors is an urgent problem in the field of anticancer therapy. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to collect published randomized control trials (RCTs) about the effects of different oral care solutions on the prevention of OM from inception to January 2019. We used the Cochrane Handbook to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. Two of the authors independently extracted the articles and predefined data. Network meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 15.0 software. RESULTS A total of 28 RCTs involving 1861 patients were included. The results of network meta-analysis showed that chlorhexidine, benzydamine, honey, and curcumin were more effective than placebo (P < .05) and that honey and curcumin were more effective than povidone-iodine (P < .05). Probability ranking according to the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve showed the following treatments: curcumin, honey, benzydamine, chlorhexidine, allopurinol, sucralfate, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, povidone-iodine, and aloe. CONCLUSION Our preliminary results indicate that curcumin and honey may serve as the preferred options for patients to prevent OM. The findings may offer an important theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment. However, this conclusion still requires an RCT with a larger sample size for further verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ying Yu
- Department of Nursing, the Centre Hospital of Jiangjin
| | - Jia-Lin Deng
- Department of Nursing, the Centre Hospital of Jiangjin
| | - Xian-Rong Jin
- Department of Nursing, the Centre Hospital of Jiangjin
| | - Zhong-Zu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Centre Hospital of Jiangjin, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, the Centre Hospital of Jiangjin, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Münstedt K, Männle H. What is wrong with the meta-analyses on honey and oral mucositis due to cancer therapies? Complement Ther Med 2020; 49:102286. [PMID: 32147054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The results of meta-analyses currently represent the highest level of evidence in modern medicine. Taking the example of radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis and the effects of honey, we analysed six meta-analyses on the topic to assess the quality of the meta-analyses. DESIGN We analysed the various meta-analyses in detail and compared whether the authors have correctly included the various trials or not. RESULTS We found that the quality of these meta-analyses was low. Especially the more recent meta-analyses included trials in which radiotherapy was not part of the medical intervention or where substances other than pure honey were used. CONCLUSIONS It is impossible to determine the underlying reasons why these meta-analyses were able to pass the peer-review system without the request for adequate improvements prior to publication. According to the literature at least 7% of the included meta-analyses revealed false results, but it was assumed that due to limitations of external validity and to the decreased likelihood of updating positive meta-analyses, the true proportion of false positives in the meta-analysis was likely to be higher. However, it is crucial that when severe flaws in meta-analyses are detected that they be reported or the meta-analyses are withdrawn, otherwise the normal reader will take the results as given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Münstedt
- Karsten Münstedt, Ortenau Klinikum Offenburg-Kehl, Ebertplatz 12, 77654 Offenburg, Germany.
| | - Heidrun Männle
- Karsten Münstedt, Ortenau Klinikum Offenburg-Kehl, Ebertplatz 12, 77654 Offenburg, Germany
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Abstract
Mucositis is a common and feared complication of anticancer therapy that can affect up to 90% of certain populations of patients with cancer. Even seemingly uncomplicated mucositis, which is often self-limited, can result in intense patient discomfort and decline in quality of life. Severe mucositis can be complicated by uncontrolled pain, superinfection or systemic infection, bleeding, and dehydration, and severe mucositis can lead to interruptions or de-escalation in anticancer treatment, resulting in worse oncologic outcomes. This article provides an evidence-based summary to guide practicing oncologists in the assessment, prevention, and management of mucositis induced by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Arjun Gupta
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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18
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Therapeutic and preventive properties of honey and its bioactive compounds in cancer: an evidence-based review. Nutr Res Rev 2019; 33:50-76. [PMID: 31791437 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422419000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the much improved therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment that have been developed over the past 50 years, cancer remains a major cause of mortality globally. Considerable epidemiological and experimental evidence has demonstrated an association between ingestion of food and nutrients with either an increased risk for cancer or its prevention. There is rising interest in exploring agents derived from natural products for chemoprevention or for therapeutic purposes. Honey is rich in nutritional and non-nutritional bioactive compounds, as well as in natural antioxidants, and its potential beneficial function in human health is becoming more evident. A large number of studies have addressed the anti-cancer effects of different types of honey and their phenolic compounds using in vitro and in vivo cancer models. The reported findings affirm that honey is an agent able to modulate oxidative stress and has anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory and anti-metastatic properties. However, despite its reported anti-cancer activities, very few clinical studies have been undertaken. In the present review, we summarise the findings from different experimental approaches, including in vitro cell cultures, preclinical animal models and clinical studies, and provide an overview of the bioactive profile and bioavailability of the most commonly studied honey types, with special emphasis on the chemopreventive and therapeutic properties of honey and its major phenolic compounds in cancer. The implications of these findings as well as the future prospects of utilising honey to fight cancer will be discussed.
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19
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Münstedt K, Männle H. Using Bee Products for the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Mucositis Induced by Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173023. [PMID: 31438508 PMCID: PMC6749245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis is one of the most frequent complications after chemotherapy or radiotherapy or a combination of both. There is no standard therapy for its prevention or treatment. Considering that some bee products have been found to be of value in this situation, we decided to analyze the scientific literature on the subject. Scientific publications on bee products were identified by a literature search on Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar. There is a lot of evidence regarding the use of honey for oral mucositis due to chemotherapy or radiotherapy or a combination of both. Unfortunately, the quality of several meta-analyses on the topic is very low. There is some evidence on propolis, a little on royal jelly and none whatsoever on pollen and other bee products like apilarnil or bee venom. Bee products such as honey, propolis and royal jelly may be well suited to be integrated into a general concept for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis which should also include other established concepts like oral care, oral cryotherapy, topical vitamin E and low-level-laser therapy. Bee products could become an integral part in the treatment of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and radio chemotherapy. High-quality meta-analyses and further studies, especially on the combinations of various strategies, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Münstedt
- Department of Gynaecology, Ortenau Klinikum, 77654 Offenburg, Germany.
| | - Heidrun Männle
- Department of Gynaecology, Ortenau Klinikum, 77654 Offenburg, Germany
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20
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Use of complementary and alternative medicine and quality of life of cancer patients who received chemotherapy in Turkey. Complement Ther Med 2019; 44:143-150. [PMID: 31126547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the frequency of use of CAM therapies among cancer patients, the types of CAM therapies they used, the demographic and clinical factors affecting their tendency to use CAM therapies, and the difference between quality of life of CAM user and non-user patients. DESIGN This cross-sectional study was carried out between March and June 2016 in an education and research hospital located in Mugla, Turkey. A CAM use questionnaire, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30 version 3.0) and the Nightingale Symptom Assessment Scale (N-SAS) were administered to 211 patients. RESULTS Among all the participating patients, 46.4% were CAM users. The most commonly used CAM therapy was herbal products. The rate of CAM use was higher among the patients with a low education level (P = 0.004). No statistically significant difference was found between the quality-of-life scores of the CAM user and non-user patients. CONCLUSION Almost half of the cancer patients used CAM therapy, with the most commonly used CAM therapy being herbal products. Doctors/nurses should assess patients in terms of the CAM therapies they use to determine their possible side effects and drug interactions. Further research should be performed to determine the relationship between CAM therapy and quality of life.
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21
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Liu TM, Luo YW, Tam KW, Lin CC, Huang TW. Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of honey on radiochemotherapy-induced mucositis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:2361-2370. [PMID: 30919153 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral mucositis is a common side effect of radiochemotherapy and may adversely affect the patients' quality of life (QoL). Honey application may reduce the mucositis grade in patients. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of honey on radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. METHODS Publications on RCTs were extracted from the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. The primary outcomes were mucositis grades and pain scores. Secondary outcomes were the recovery time and QoL. The study was registered with PROSPERO (number CRD42018108486). RESULTS Nineteen RCTs, involving 1276 patients, were reviewed. Honey considerably mitigated oral mucositis in both prophylactic and therapeutic phases. In the prophylactic phase, intolerable mucositis development was significantly prevented in the honey-treated group (RR = 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09 to 0.41). Patients treated with honey showed significant decrease in pain scores in the first month of treatment (weighted mean difference [WMD] = - 3.25, 95% CI = - 4.41 to - 2.09) and at the end of the treatment (WMD = - 2.32, 95% CI = - 4.47 to - 0.18). CONCLUSION Honey, which is relatively cheap and easily available, prevented mucositis and effectively mitigate mucositis in patients after radiochemotherapy. Moreover, it significantly reduced the mucositis grade and engendered a fast and painless healing process. Therefore, honey use during and after radiochemotherapy is recommended for mucositis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ming Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Luo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ka-Wai Tam
- Center for Evidence-Based Health Care, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chin Lin
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Charity Foundation, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - Tsai-Wei Huang
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Normando AGC, Menêses AG, Toledo IP, Borges GÁ, Lima CL, Reis PED, Guerra ENS. Effects of turmeric and curcumin on oral mucositis: A systematic review. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1318-1329. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Gomes Menêses
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Applied Research on Clinical Practice in Oncology, Health Sciences FacultyUniversity of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
| | - Isabela Porto Toledo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences FacultyUniversity of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence‐Based Research, Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Gabriel Álvares Borges
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences FacultyUniversity of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
| | - Caroline Lourenço Lima
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences FacultyUniversity of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
| | - Paula Elaine Diniz Reis
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Applied Research on Clinical Practice in Oncology, Health Sciences FacultyUniversity of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
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Howlader D, Singh V, Mohammad S, Gupta S, Pal US, Pal M. Effect of Topical Application of Pure Honey in Chemo-radiation-Induced Mucositis and Its Clinical Benefits in Improving Quality of Life in Patients of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019; 18:73-79. [PMID: 30728696 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-017-1077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a major health problem in India, and in certain parts, it represents more than 50% of all cancers. Since almost all of these patients receive chemo-radiotherapy with or without surgery for treatment, a vast majority of them also develop oral mucositis, a debilitating adverse effect of chemo-radiation. There have been various reports in the literature regarding the beneficial role of honey in the management of oral mucositis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the application of honey in mucositis confers any significant improvement in lesions of mucositis and more specifically whether application of honey brings about any improvement in the quality of life of patients suffering from chemo-radiation-induced oral mucositis. If found to be beneficial, honey could provide a simple, elegant and cost-effective solution to a troublesome health problem, thus benefiting a large number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debraj Howlader
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vibha Singh
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shadab Mohammad
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Seema Gupta
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - U S Pal
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahesh Pal
- 3Department of Phytochemistry, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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24
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Münstedt K, Momm F, Hübner J. Honey in the management of side effects of radiotherapy- or radio/chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 34:145-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ramsay EI, Rao S, Madathil L, Hegde SK, Baliga-Rao MP, George T, Baliga MS. Honey in oral health and care: A mini review. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:32-36. [PMID: 30929799 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honey is a natural product made from the nectar of flowers by honey bees and has over 200 compounds in it, including sugars, water, organic acids, minerals and polyphenols - the exact structure and composition of honey often determined by which plant source(s) the honey bee took the nectar from. Honey has been used in diets and medicines for thousands of years; however, this review, for the first time, aims to look at its place in modern medicine concerning oral health. HIGHLIGHT The present review for the first time attempted to address the protective effect of honey in the oral care. CONCLUSION For the first time this review addresses the usefulness of honey against Streptococcus mutans infections, dental plaque and caries, gingivitis and halitosis. Honey was also useful in preventing side effects associated with treatment of cancers of the head and neck, namely, radiation induced mucositis, xerostomia and poor wound healing. This is well supported by evidence in literature and was examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilidh I Ramsay
- BDS4, Glasgow Dental Hospital & School, University of Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK; Visiting Student, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore 575002, India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Radiation oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore 575002, India
| | - Lal Madathil
- Oncodentistry, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore 575002, India
| | - Sanath K Hegde
- Radiation oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore 575002, India
| | | | - Thomas George
- Visiting Student, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore 575002, India
| | - Manjeshwar S Baliga
- Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore 575002, Karnataka, India.
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Topical application of honey in the management of chemo/radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 89:80-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Tharakan T, Bent J, Tavaluc R. Honey as a Treatment in Otorhinolaryngology: A Review by Subspecialty. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2018; 128:193-207. [PMID: 30501505 DOI: 10.1177/0003489418815188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide an up-to-date review of honey's effectiveness and potential applications in otorhinolaryngology. METHODS A literature search of the online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted. RESULTS Sixty-three studies were identified within head and neck surgery (n = 23, 36%); pediatric otolaryngology (n = 18, 29%); rhinology, sinus, and skull base surgery (n = 11, 17%); otology (n = 6, 10%), facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (n = 3, 5%); and laryngology (n = 2, 3%). Studies included 6 meta-analyses, 44 randomized control trials, 5 case reports, and 8 animal models or in vitro studies. Of 55 clinical studies, 50 reported Level 1 evidence (prospective randomized control trials), and 5 reported Level 4 evidence (case series). The evidence level by subspecialty was: head and neck surgery (Level 1 n = 23), pediatrics (Level 1 n = 18), rhinology (Level 1 n = 7, level 4 n = 1), otology (Level 1 n = 1, Level 4 n = 3), facial plastics and reconstructive surgery (Level 4 n = 1), and laryngology (Level 1 n = 2). CONCLUSIONS Honey can be used for a variety of otolaryngology conditions. The highest quality meta-analyses support oral honey for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in cancer patients, cough associated with upper respiratory infection in children, and pain control after tonsillectomy. Further research will likely justify broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Bent
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Raluca Tavaluc
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Zhang QY, Wang FX, Jia KK, Kong LD. Natural Product Interventions for Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy-Induced Side Effects. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1253. [PMID: 30459615 PMCID: PMC6232953 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the common cancer treatments. However, the development of adverse effects resulting from chemotherapy and radiotherapy hinders the clinical use, and negatively reduces the quality of life in cancer patients. Natural products including crude extracts, bioactive components-enriched fractions and pure compounds prepared from herbs as well as herbal formulas have been proved to prevent and treat cancer. Of significant interest, some natural products can reduce chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis, gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematopoietic system injury, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. This review focuses in detail on the effectiveness of these natural products, and describes the possible mechanisms of the actions in reducing chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced side effects. Recent advances in the efficacy of natural dietary supplements to counteract these side effects are highlighted. In addition, we draw particular attention to gut microbiotan in the context of prebiotic potential of natural products for the protection against cancer therapy-induced toxicities. We conclude that some natural products are potential therapeutic perspective for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced side effects. Further studies are required to validate the efficacy of natural products in cancer patients, and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Zhang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei-Xuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke-Ke Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Thomsen M, Vitetta L. Adjunctive Treatments for the Prevention of Chemotherapy- and Radiotherapy-Induced Mucositis. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1027-1047. [PMID: 30136590 PMCID: PMC6247548 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418794885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemoradiotherapy-associated mucositis can manifest as
pain, inflammation, dysphagia, diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding, and
infection. Mucositis is a major dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy,
affecting nutritional intake and oral and intestinal function. Despite several
interventions being available, there is a need for safe and effective
preventative and treatment options for treatment-induced mucositis. The goals of
this review are to discuss interventions based on foods and natural products and
present the research to date. Methods: A narrative literature
review identified 60 clinical studies examining various nutritional compounds
and 20 examining probiotics. 9 studies on probiotics for the prevention of
diarrhea were also assessed on methodological quality and limitations
identified. Results: Several compounds have been posited as useful
adjuvants for cancer treatment–related mucositis. Probiotics demonstrate
efficacy for the prevention and treatment of chemoradiotherapy-induced
gastrointestinal toxicity without significant side effects. Glutamine and
activated charcoal were reported to reduce chemotherapy-induced diarrhea but not
radiation-induced intestinal mucositis. Honey has been reported to decrease
treatment interruptions, weight loss, and delays the onset of oral mucositis.
Zinc, glutamine, and topical vitamin E were demonstrated efficacy for oral
mucositis. Conclusion: There is plausible clinical evidence for the
administration of several adjunctive treatments for the prevention and treatment
of mucositis. Probiotics were reported to reduce the burden of intestinal
mucositis and treatment-induced diarrhea. Activated charcoal and glutamine are
beneficial for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, whereas the administration of
honey, zinc, and glutamine reduce the risk of developing oral mucositis during
chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Vitetta
- 1 University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,2 Medlab Clinical Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
Honey-rich composition in biologically active compounds makes honey a food products highly appreciated due to the nutritional and healthy properties. Food-manufacturing is very prone to different types of adulterations and fraudulent labelling making it urgent to establish accurate, fast and cost-effective analytical techniques for honey assessment. In addition to the classical techniques (e.g., physicochemical analysis, microscopy, chromatography, immunoassay, DNA metabarcoding, spectroscopy), electrochemical based-sensor devices have arisen as reliable and green techniques for food analysis including honey evaluation, allowing in-situ and on-line assessment, being a user-friendly procedure not requiring high technical expertise. In this work, the use of electronic tongues, also known as taste sensor devices, for honey authenticity and assessment is reviewed. Also, the versatility of electronic tongues to qualitative (e.g., botanical and/or geographical origin assessment as well as detection of adulteration) and quantitative (e.g., assessment of adulterants levels, determination of flavonoids levels or antibiotics and insecticides residues, flavonoids) honey analysis is shown. The review is mainly focused on the research outputs reported during the last decade aiming to demonstrate the potentialities of potentiometric and voltammetric multi-sensor devices, pointing out their main advantages and present and future challenges for becoming a practical quality analytical tool at industrial and commercial levels.
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Honey Mitigates Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients without Affecting the Tumor Response. Foods 2017; 6:foods6090077. [PMID: 28878156 PMCID: PMC5615289 DOI: 10.3390/foods6090077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced mucositis is a dose-limiting factor in the effective treatment of head and neck (H & N) cancers. The objective of this study was to understand the efficacy of honey in mitigating radiation-induced mucositis and whether it would interfere with tumor control. This was a single-blinded, randomized, controlled study and was carried out in patients with H & N cancer requiring curative radiotherapy (>62 Gy (Gray)). The patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to receive either honey (n = 25) or povidone-iodine (active comparator) (n = 25) during radiotherapy. Oral mucositis was assessed using the RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) grading system before the start, during, and at the end of the treatment by an investigator unaware of the treatment. The results indicate that when compared with the active comparator, honey reduced the radiation-induced oral mucositis, decreased the incidence of intolerable mucositis, treatment breaks, loss of treatment days (p < 0.0001 and < 0.0003) and did not affect the radiation-induced tumor response. The clinical observations indicate that honey mitigates the radiation-induced mucositis and does not interfere with tumor cell killing.
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Lopez-Vaquero D, Gutierrez-Bayard L, Rodriguez-Ruiz JA, Saldaña-Valderas M, Infante-Cossio P. Double-blind randomized study of oral glutamine on the management of radio/chemotherapy-induced mucositis and dermatitis in head and neck cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 6:931-936. [PMID: 28588793 PMCID: PMC5451869 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This randomized clinical trial was designed to determine whether glutamine administration was effective in reducing the incidence and severity of mucositis and dermatitis induced by radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CHRT) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Fifty patients were randomized to receive orally either L-Glutamine or placebo (25 patients in each arm). In the glutamine-treated group, 10 g of oral glutamine was administered three times daily. The primary endpoint was to compare the appearance of clinical mucositis between groups at the 6th week, according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Secondary endpoints were: Functional mucositis, mucositis onset, cervicofacial dermatitis, pain, weight loss and assessment of quality of life (according to the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck). In total, 76 and 87.5% developed clinical mucositis in the glutamine and placebo group, respectively. The incidence and severity grade of mucositis at the 6th week did not exhibit statistically significantly differences between the two groups, although it had a higher value in the placebo group. Significant reduction of dermatitis incidence (P=0.038) and severity (P=0.032) was found in the glutamine group. There were no differences in other outcomes such as pain, weight loss and mucositis onset, in treatment parameters including concomitant chemotherapy, radiation dose and previous surgery, or in quality of life. The present study revealed that glutamine provided slight clinical effects compared with placebo in terms of reducing oral mucositis induced by RT or CHRT in patients with HNC at the 6th week; however, the results were not statistically significant. Although the findings suggested a significant benefit in reducing the incidence and severity of dermatitis, further confirmatory studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lopez-Vaquero
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lucia Gutierrez-Bayard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | | | | | - Pedro Infante-Cossio
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
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