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Rosiak N, Tykarska E, Cielecka-Piontek J. Enhanced Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Properties of Pterostilbene (Resveratrol Derivative) in Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2774. [PMID: 38474022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) of pterostilbene (PTR) with polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers (PVP K30 and VA64) were prepared through milling, affirming the amorphous dispersion of PTR via X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Subsequent analysis of DSC thermograms, augmented using mathematical equations such as the Gordon-Taylor and Couchman-Karasz equations, facilitated the determination of predicted values for glass transition (Tg), PTR's miscibility with PVP, and the strength of PTR's interaction with the polymers. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis validated interactions maintaining PTR's amorphous state and identified involved functional groups, namely, the 4'-OH and/or -CH groups of PTR and the C=O group of PVP. The study culminated in evaluating the impact of amorphization on water solubility, the release profile in pH 6.8, and in vitro permeability (PAMPA-GIT and BBB methods). In addition, it was determined how improving water solubility affects the increase in antioxidant (ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays) and neuroprotective (inhibition of cholinesterases: AChE and BChE) properties. The apparent solubility of the pure PTR was ~4.0 µg·mL-1 and showed no activity in the considered assays. For obtained ASDs (PTR-PVP30/PTR-PVPVA64, respectively) improvements in apparent solubility (410.8 and 383.2 µg·mL-1), release profile, permeability, antioxidant properties (ABTS: IC50 = 52.37/52.99 μg·mL-1, DPPH: IC50 = 163.43/173.96 μg·mL-1, CUPRAC: IC0.5 = 122.27/129.59 μg·mL-1, FRAP: IC0.5 = 95.69/98.57 μg·mL-1), and neuroprotective effects (AChE: 39.1%/36.2%, BChE: 76.9%/73.2%) were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rosiak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Tykarska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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2
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Leng D, Bulduk B, Anlahr J, Müllers W, Löbmann K. Enhanced dissolution rate of nimodipine through β-lactoglobulin based formulation. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122693. [PMID: 36754186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) have been considered as one of the most effective strategies to increase solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. Carriers, in which the poorly water-soluble drug is dispersed, contribute a large extent to the solid-state properties, stabilities and dissolution performance of ASDs. This study investigated the solid-state properties, physical stability, and in vitro dissolution behaviour of nimodipine ASDs formulated with a traditional polymeric carrier, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and a novel carrier, i.e., β-lactoglobulin (BLG). The ASDs with both carriers were prepared using ball milling as preparative technique at 10 %, 17.5 %, 25 %, 30 % and 40 % drug loadings (DLs). All the formulations were found to be amorphous upon milling for 60 min based on X-ray powder diffraction measurements, however, the ASDs were found to be homogeneous unequivocally only at DLs below 25 %. After open storage at accelerated conditions (40 °C/75 % relative humidity), only the ASDs formulated with BLG at 10 % and 17.5 % DLs maintained the amorphous form. The dissolution study revealed that all the freshly prepared ASDs formulated with PVP and the ASDs formulated with BLG at or above 25 % DLs, showed a low drug release (<30 µg/mL in simulated gastric fluid, < 70 µg/mL in simulated intestinal fluid). Whilst the ASD formulated with BLG at 10 % DL exhibited a high drug release with a maximum concentration (Cmax) of 251 µg/mL in simulated gastric fluid and 231 µg/mL in simulated intestinal fluid. Surprisingly, the ASD formulated with BLG at 17.5 % DL demonstrated an even higher drug release (Cmax, 643 µg/mL in simulated gastric fluid, 332 µg/mL in simulated intestinal fluid), compared to the ASD of 10 % DL. These findings underline the importance of rationally investigating both carrier types and DL in the design of ASDs, in order to obtain a stable ASD with the desired enhanced dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johanna Anlahr
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Wouter Müllers
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Holzapfel K, Rades T, Leopold CS. Co-amorphous systems consisting of indomethacin and the chiral co-former tryptophan: Solid-state properties and molecular mobilities. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122840. [PMID: 36921746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study the influence of an enantiomeric co-former and the preparation method on the solid-state properties and physical stability of co-amorphous systems were investigated. Co-amorphous systems consisting of indomethacin (IND) and chiral tryptophan (TRP) as co-former in its two enantiomeric forms, as racemate, and as conglomerate (equimolar mixture of D- and L-TRP) were prepared. Co-amorphization was achieved by ball milling (BM) and spray drying (SD). The effects of chirality and preparation method on the solid-state properties and physical stabilities of the systems were investigated by XRPD, FTIR and mDSC. Differences in the BM process were caused by the enantiomeric properties of the co-former: The IND/TRP conglomerate (IND/TRPc) turned co-amorphous after 60 min. In contrast, co-amorphization of IND/L-TRP and IND/D-TRP required 80 min of ball milling, respectively, and the co-amorphous IND/TRP racemate (IND/TRPr) was obtained only after 90 min of ball milling. Although the intermolecular interactions of the co-amorphous systems prepared by BM and SD were similar (determined by FTIR), the Tg values differed (∼87 °C for the ball milled and ∼62 °C for the spray dried systems). The physical stabilities of the ball milled co-amorphous systems varied between 3 and 11 months if stored at elevated temperature and dry conditions, with the highest stability for the IND/TRPc system and the lowest stability for the IND/TRPr system, and these differences correlated with the calculated relaxation times. In contrast, all spray dried systems were stable only for 1 month and their relaxation times were similar. It could be shown that the chirality of a co-former and the preparation method influence the solid-state properties, thermal properties and physical stability of IND/TRP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Holzapfel
- University of Hamburg, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bundesstr. 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Rades
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claudia S Leopold
- University of Hamburg, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bundesstr. 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Školáková T, Smržová D, Pekárek T, Lhotka M, Školáková A, Klimša V, Kadeřábková A, Zámostný P. Investigation of tadalafil molecular arrangement in solid dispersions using inverse gas chromatography and Raman mapping. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121955. [PMID: 35753537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular structures of tadalafil solid dispersions prepared by different techniques and further to relate them to surface free energy information indicating the final amorphousness of the product. Thus, we tried to complement the existing knowledge of solid dispersion formation. Poorly water-soluble tadalafil was combined with different polymers, i.e. Kollidon® 12 PF, Kollidon® VA 64 and Soluplus®, to form model systems. To assess the extent of drug-polymer miscibility, we studied model solid dispersion surface energy using inverse gas chromatography and phase micro-structure using confocal Raman microscopy. The selection of the preparation method was found to play a crucial role in the molecular arrangement of the incorporated drug and the polymer in resulting solid dispersion. Our results showed that a lower surface free energy indicated the formation of a more homogeneous solid dispersion. Conversely, a higher surface free energy corresponded to the heterogeneous systems containing tadalafil amorphous clusters that were captured by Raman mapping. Thus, we successfully introduced a novel evaluation approach of the drug molecular arrangement in solid dispersions that is especially useful for examining the miscibility of the components when the conventional characterizing techniques are inconclusive or yield variable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Školáková
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Dominika Smržová
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pekárek
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 37 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Lhotka
- Department of Inorganic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Školáková
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Klimša
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Kadeřábková
- Department of Polymers, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zámostný
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Development and Characterization of Eudragit ® EPO-Based Solid Dispersion of Rosuvastatin Calcium to Foresee the Impact on Solubility, Dissolution and Antihyperlipidemic Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040492. [PMID: 35455489 PMCID: PMC9025505 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor solubility is the major challenge involved in the formulation development of new chemical entities (NCEs), as more than 40% of NCEs are practically insoluble in water. Solid dispersion (SD) is a promising technology for improving dissolution and, thereby, the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. This study investigates the influence of a pH-sensitive acrylate polymer, EPO, on the physicochemical properties of rosuvastatin calcium, an antihyperlipidemic drug. In silico docking was conducted with numerous polymers to predict drug polymer miscibility. The screened-out polymer was used to fabricate the binary SD of RoC in variable ratios using the co-grinding and solvent evaporation methods. The prepared formulations were assessed for physiochemical parameters such as saturation solubility, drug content and in vitro drug release. The optimized formulations were further ruled out using solid-state characterization (FTIR, DSC, XRD and SEM) and in vitro cytotoxicity. The results revealed that all SDs profoundly increased solubility as well as drug release. However, the formulation RSE-2, with a remarkable 71.88-fold increase in solubility, presented 92% of drug release in the initial 5 min. The molecular interaction studied using FTIR, XRD, DSC and SEM analysis evidenced the improvement of in vitro dissolution. The enhancement in solubility of RoC may be important for the modulation of the dyslipidemia response. Therefore, pharmacodynamic activity was conducted for optimized formulations. Our findings suggested an ameliorative effect of RSE-2 in dyslipidemia and its associated complications. Moreover, RSE-2 exhibited nonexistence of cytotoxicity against human liver cell lines. Convincingly, this study demonstrates that SD of RoC can be successfully fabricated by EPO, and have all the characteristics that are favourable for superior dissolution and better therapeutic response to the drug.
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Gupta A, Paudwal G, Dolkar R, Lewis S, Gupta PN. Recent advances in the surfactant and controlled release polymer-based solid dispersion. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1643-1659. [PMID: 35209818 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220223095417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The oral route is the most preferred delivery route for drug administration due to its advantages such as lower cost, improved patient compliance, no need for trained personnel and the drug reactions are generally less severe. The major problem with new molecules in the drug discovery pipeline is poor solubility and dissolution rate that ultimately results in low oral bioavailability. Numerous techniques are available for solubility and bioavailability (BA) enhancement, but out of all, solid dispersion (SD) is proven to be the most feasible due to the least issues in manufacturing, processing, storage, and transportation. In the past few years, SD had been extensively applied to reinforce the common issues of insoluble drugs. Currently, many hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers are used to prepare either immediate release or controlled release SDs. Therefore, the biological behavior of the SDs is contingent upon the use of appropriate polymeric carriers and methods of preparation. The exploration of novel carriers and methodologies in SD technology leads to improved BA and therapeutic effectiveness. Moreover, the clinical applicability of SD-based formulations has been increased with the discovery of novel polymeric carriers. In this review, emphasis is laid down on the present status of recent generations of SDs (i.e., surfactant and controlled release polymer-based SD) and their application in modifying the physical properties of the drug and modulation of pharmacological response in different ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Gupta
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Gourav Paudwal
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rigzin Dolkar
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Shaila Lewis
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- PK-PD Tox & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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7
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Xie F, Fardim P, Van den Mooter G. Porous soluble dialdehyde cellulose beads: A new carrier for the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs. Int J Pharm 2022; 615:121491. [PMID: 35063594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose beads are porous spherical particles with promising futures for drug delivery applications. In this study, novel dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) beads are developed by periodate oxidation of pristine cellulose for oral delivery of weakly basic poorly water-soluble drugs. Diazepam and itraconazole were studied as model drugs. Drug loadings in DAC beads up to 40% were obtained. Depending on the drug loading, complete or partial amorphization of drugs in DAC beads was observed. Drugs in the amorphous state not only presented a higher extent of dissolution from the DAC beads compared to the crystalline model drug, but the obtained concentration was also supersaturated. This supersaturation is attributed to the amorphization of the drugs in the beads in conjunction with the dissolution of the DAC beads at a neutral pH of the dissolution medium. Further, the effects of two different solvent systems used in the lyophilization step during the preparation of the DAC beads (100% water and 90/10% tert-butanol/water mixture) on their structure were investigated. Interestingly, the selection of the solvent system greatly impacted the bead structure, resulting in radically different drug loading capacity, physical properties, and release behavior of the model drugs. In summary, this is the first study that reports on exploiting soluble, porous, dialdehyde cellulose beads, showing great potential as a carrier for improving the rate and extent of dissolution of poorly soluble drugs and maintaining supersaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xie
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg ON2, Herestraat 49 b921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pedro Fardim
- Bio&Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Van den Mooter
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg ON2, Herestraat 49 b921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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8
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Tsiaxerli A, Karagianni A, Ouranidis A, Kachrimanis K. Polyelectrolyte Matrices in the Modulation of Intermolecular Electrostatic Interactions for Amorphous Solid Dispersions: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091467. [PMID: 34575543 PMCID: PMC8468962 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte polymers have been widely used in the pharmaceutical field as excipients to facilitate various drug delivery systems. Polyelectrolytes have been used to modulate the electrostatic environment and enhance favorable interactions between the drug and the polymer in amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) prepared mainly by hot-melt extrusion. Polyelectrolytes have been used alone, or in combination with nonionic polymers as interpolyelectrolyte complexes, or after the addition of small molecular additives. They were found to enhance physical stability by favoring stabilizing intermolecular interactions, as well as to exert an antiplasticizing effect. Moreover, they not only enhance drug dissolution, but they have also been used for maintaining supersaturation, especially in the case of weakly basic drugs that tend to precipitate in the intestine. Additional uses include controlled and/or targeted drug release with enhanced physical stability and ease of preparation via novel continuous processes. Polyelectrolyte matrices, used along with scalable manufacturing methods in accordance with green chemistry principles, emerge as an attractive viable alternative for the preparation of ASDs with improved physical stability and biopharmaceutic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Tsiaxerli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Anna Karagianni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Andreas Ouranidis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Kachrimanis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-997666
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Li YW, Zhang HM, Cui BJ, Hao CY, Zhu HY, Guan J, Wang D, Jin Y, Feng B, Cai JH, Qi XR, Shi NQ. "Felodipine-indomethacin" co-amorphous supersaturating drug delivery systems: "Spring-parachute" process, stability, in vivo bioavailability, and underlying molecular mechanisms. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 166:111-125. [PMID: 34119671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) are one of most commonly used supersaturating drug delivery systems (SDDS) to formulate insoluble active pharmaceutical ingredients. However, the development of polymer-guided stabilization of ASD systems faces many obstacles. To overcome these shortcomings, co-amorphous supersaturable formulations have emerged as an alternative formulation strategy for poorly soluble compounds. Noteworthily, current researches around co-amorphous system (CAS) are mostly focused on preparation and characterization of these systems, but more detailed investigations of their supersaturation ("spring-parachute" process), stability, in vivo bioavailability and molecular mechanisms are inadequate and need to be clarified. In present study, we chose pharmacological relevant BCS II drugs to fabricate and characterize "felodipine-indomethacin" CAS. To enrich the current inadequate but key knowledge on CAS studies, we carried out following highlighted investigations including dissolution/solubility, semi-continuous "spring-parachute" process, long-term stability profile of amorphous state, in vivo bioavailability and underlying molecular mechanisms (molecular interaction, molecular miscibility and crystallization inhibition). Generally, the research provides some key information in the field of current "drug-drug" CAS supersaturable formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bai-Ji Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - He-Yun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jiao Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jian-Hui Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xian-Rong Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nian-Qiu Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City 132013, Jilin Province, China.
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Thakore SD, Akhtar J, Jain R, Paudel A, Bansal AK. Analytical and Computational Methods for the Determination of Drug-Polymer Solubility and Miscibility. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2835-2866. [PMID: 34041914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, poorly water-soluble drugs require enabling technologies to increase apparent solubility in the biological environment. Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) has emerged as an attractive strategy that has been used to market more than 20 oral pharmaceutical products. The amorphous form is inherently unstable and exhibits phase separation and crystallization during shelf life storage. Polymers stabilize the amorphous drug by antiplasticization, reducing molecular mobility, reducing chemical potential of drug, and increasing glass transition temperature in ASD. Here, drug-polymer miscibility is an important contributor to the physical stability of ASDs. The current Review discusses the basics of drug-polymer interactions with the major focus on the methods for the evaluation of solubility and miscibility of the drug in the polymer. Methods for the evaluation of drug-polymer solubility and miscibility have been classified as thermal, spectroscopic, microscopic, solid-liquid equilibrium-based, rheological, and computational methods. Thermal methods have been commonly used to determine the solubility of the drug in the polymer, while other methods provide qualitative information about drug-polymer miscibility. Despite advancements, the majority of these methods are still inadequate to provide the value of drug-polymer miscibility at room temperature. There is still a need for methods that can accurately determine drug-polymer miscibility at pharmaceutically relevant temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarth D Thakore
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Junia Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ranjna Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Arvind K Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
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11
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The application of freeze-drying as a production method of drug nanocrystals and solid dispersions – A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Hoque MA, Rahman MM, Alam MM, Mahbub S, Khan MA, Kumar D, Albaqami MD, Wabaidur SM. Interaction of cephalexin monohydrate with surfactants in aqueous and sodium chloride solution at variable temperatures: Conductivity and spectroscopic measurements. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Kapourani A, Eleftheriadou K, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Barmpalexis P. Evaluation of rivaroxaban amorphous solid dispersions physical stability via molecular mobility studies and molecular simulations. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 157:105642. [PMID: 33189903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the effect of molecular mobility and molecular interactions in the physical stability of rivaroxaban (RIV) - soluplus® (SOL) amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Initially, the use of Adam-Gibbs approach revealed that RIV's molecular mobility (below its glass transition temperature) is significantly reduced in the presence of SOL, while the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed the formation of hydrogen bonds (HBs) between the two ASD components, indicating that these two mechanisms can be considered as responsible for system's physical stability. Contrary to previously published reports, the utilization of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the present study was able to clarify, for the first time, the type of intermolecular interactions formed within the examined ASD system, while the presence of a separate drug-rich amorphous phase (significantly increasing as the content of the drug increases) was also identified. Furthermore, in order to gain an insight into the intermolecular interactions responsible for drug's amorphous phase separation, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation models were utilized as realistic representations of the actual systems. Analysis of the obtained trajectories showed that the formation of strong intermolecular HBs between RIV's secondary amide proton and its three carbonyl oxygens (originating from the οxazolidone, oxomorpholin and carboxamide part of the drug molecule) as well as the significant reduction of the available HB acceptors in SOL due to copolymer's chain shrinkage, were responsible for the formation of a separate drug-rich amorphous phase within the ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Kapourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124 (Greece)
| | - Kalliopi Eleftheriadou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124 (Greece)
| | - Konstantinos N Kontogiannopoulos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124 (Greece); Ecoresources P.C., 15-17 Giannitson-Santaroza Str., Thessaloniki 54627 (Greece)
| | - Panagiotis Barmpalexis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124 (Greece).
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Vasconcelos T, Prezotti F, Araújo F, Lopes C, Loureiro A, Marques S, Sarmento B. Third-generation solid dispersion combining Soluplus and poloxamer 407 enhances the oral bioavailability of resveratrol. Int J Pharm 2021; 595:120245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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15
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Alshehri S, Imam SS, Hussain A, Altamimi MA, Alruwaili NK, Alotaibi F, Alanazi A, Shakeel F. Potential of solid dispersions to enhance solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy of poorly water-soluble drugs: newer formulation techniques, current marketed scenario and patents. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:1625-1643. [PMID: 33207947 PMCID: PMC7737680 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1846638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, solid dispersion (SD) technology had been studied as an approach to produce an amorphous carrier to enhance the solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The use of suitable carrier and methodology in the preparation of SDs play a significant role in the biological behavior of the SDs. SDs have been prepared using a variety of pharmaceutically acceptable polymers utilizing various novel technologies. In the recent years, much attention has been paid toward the use of novel carriers and methodologies in exploring novel types of SDs to enhance therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability. The use of novel carriers and methodologies would be very beneficial for formulation scientists to develop some SDs-based formulations for their commercial use and clinical applications. In the present review, current literature of novel methodologies for SD preparation to enhance the dissolution rate, solubility, therapeutic efficacy, and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs has been summarized and analyzed. Further, the current status of SDs, patent status, and future prospects have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil K. Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alotaibi
- General Directorate Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Melian ME, Paredes A, Munguía B, Colobbio M, Ramos JC, Teixeira R, Manta E, Palma S, Faccio R, Domínguez L. Nanocrystals of Novel Valerolactam-Fenbendazole Hybrid with Improved in vitro Dissolution Performance. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:237. [PMID: 32808055 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Valero-fenbendazole (VAL-FBZ) is a novel hybrid compound with in vitro anthelmintic activity, designed and synthesized to address the global problem of resistance to anthelmintic compounds. This new molecule derives from fenbendazole (FBZ), a well-known commercially available benzimidazole used in veterinary medicine despite its poor water solubility. In this work, we report for the first time a strategy to solve the solubility problems of FBZ and VAL-FBZ by means of self-dispersible nanocrystals (SDNC). Nanocrystals were prepared by media milling followed by a spray-drying step, and a comprehensive and exhaustive structural and physicochemical characterization was carried out, in order to understand the systems and their behavior. The formulation poloxamer 188 (P188):FBZ 1:1 turned out with the best process yield (53%) and re-dispersability properties, particle size average of 258 nm, and polydispersity index of 0.2 after redispersion in water. The dissolution profile showed a markedly increased dissolution rate compared with the simple mixture of the components (80% FBZ dissolved in 15 min from the SDNC vs 14% from the control formulation). FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) studies showed no chemical interactions between components and an extensive confocal Raman microscopy analysis of the formulations showed very homogeneous spatial distribution of components in the SDNC samples. This manufacturing process was then successfully transferred for preparing and characterizing VAL-FBZ:P188 (1:1) SDNC with similar results, suggesting the promising interest of a novel anthelmintic with improved biopharmaceutical behavior. In conclusion, new FBZ and VAL-FBZ SDNC with improved dissolution rate were successfully prepared and characterized. Graphical abstract.
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Exploring the physical stability of three nimesulide–indomethacin co-amorphous systems from the perspective of molecular aggregates. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 147:105294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Paudwal G, Rawat N, Gupta R, Baldi A, Singh G, Gupta PN. Recent Advances in Solid Dispersion Technology for Efficient Delivery of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1524-1535. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190618121553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery is generally considered as a costly affair and it takes approximately 15 years to reach a
new chemical entity into the market. Among the recent potent drug molecules with most effective pharmacological
properties, very few reached for Phase I clinical trial in humans. Unfortunately, the historical average reveals
an almost 90% overall attrition rate in clinical trials. The solubility and permeability of a drug are the critical
factors influencing the success of a drug. Oral drug delivery systems still continue to exist as the most favored,
simplest and easiest administration route. A huge number of potential clinical candidates won’t make it to the
market or accomplish their maximum capacity except if their solubility and oral bioavailability are enhanced by
formulation. The solubility of drugs will continue to exist as important aspects of formulation development. With
the emergence of synthetic methods for new molecule synthesis in chemistry and better screening methods, the
number of poorly water soluble compounds has dramatically expanded in the last few years. Solid dispersion is
one of the most important techniques as it can be prepared by several methods. It is mostly prepared with a drug
having poor water solubility and it explores hydrophilic polymers either individually or in combination for the
enhancement of solubility. In comparison to the conventional formulations such as tablets or capsules, there are
different methods with which solid dispersions can be prepared and also have many benefits over conventional
drug delivery approaches. Solid dispersion systems are potential for increasing the solubility, oral absorption and
bioavailability of drugs and the significance of the solid dispersion technology is constantly increasing. The main
focus of this review is to present recent advancements in the area of solid dispersion. This review also includes an
account of recent patents on solid dispersion and clinical status of solid dispersion based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Paudwal
- PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Neha Rawat
- Department of Pharmacy, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
| | - Rahul Gupta
- PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ashish Baldi
- Department of Pharmacy, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurdarshan Singh
- PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Prem N. Gupta
- PK-PD Toxicology & Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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Liu W, Liu Y, Huang J, Lin Z, Pan X, Zeng X, Lamy de la Chapelle M, Zhang Y, Fu W. Identification and investigation of the vibrational properties of crystalline and co-amorphous drugs with Raman and terahertz spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:4290-4304. [PMID: 31453011 PMCID: PMC6701517 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.004290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Co-amorphous drugs have shown significant potential in improving the stability and bioavailability compared with single neat amorphous drugs. Here, we explored the molecular interactions of cimetidine, naproxen, indomethacin and their binary co-amorphous mixtures via Raman and terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. We used quench-cooled method to prepare the neat amorphous drugs and their binary co-amorphous mixtures and tested their thermodynamic properties through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Then, we found that the stability of co-amorphous drugs was stronger than their neat amorphous components. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize the vibrational modes between different co-amorphous drugs. Generally, we found that the stability of co-amorphous drugs was better than their neat amorphous components for these samples we tested. Meanwhile, we complemented the detection of THz spectroscopy and found that crystalline and amorphous drugs could be better distinguished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiaoqi Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhongquan Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xuancheng Pan
- Wuhan Life Origin Biotech Joint Stock, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Marc Lamy de la Chapelle
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM-UMR CNRS 6283), Université du Mans, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Weiling Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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20
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Solid dispersion technology as a strategy to improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Ther Deliv 2019; 10:363-382. [PMID: 31094298 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last half-century, solid dispersions (SDs) have been intensively investigated as a strategy to improve drugs solubility and dissolution rate, enhancing oral bioavailability. In this review, an overview of the state of the art of SDs technology is presented, focusing on their classification, the main preparation methods, the limitations associated with their instability, and the marketed products. To fully take advantage of SDs potential, an improvement in their physical stability and the ability to prolong the supersaturation of the drug in gastrointestinal fluids is required, as well as a better scientific understanding of scale-up for defining a robust manufacturing process. Taking these limitations into account will contribute to increase the number of marketed pharmaceutical products based on SD technology.
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21
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Tran P, Pyo YC, Kim DH, Lee SE, Kim JK, Park JS. Overview of the Manufacturing Methods of Solid Dispersion Technology for Improving the Solubility of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs and Application to Anticancer Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E132. [PMID: 30893899 PMCID: PMC6470797 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 40% of new chemical entities (NCEs), including anticancer drugs, have been reported as poorly water-soluble compounds. Anticancer drugs are classified into biologic drugs (monoclonal antibodies) and small molecule drugs (nonbiologic anticancer drugs) based on effectiveness and safety profile. Biologic drugs are administered by intravenous (IV) injection due to their large molecular weight, while small molecule drugs are preferentially administered by gastrointestinal route. Even though IV injection is the fastest route of administration and ensures complete bioavailability, this route of administration causes patient inconvenience to visit a hospital for anticancer treatments. In addition, IV administration can cause several side effects such as severe hypersensitivity, myelosuppression, neutropenia, and neurotoxicity. Oral administration is the preferred route for drug delivery due to several advantages such as low cost, pain avoidance, and safety. The main problem of NCEs is a limited aqueous solubility, resulting in poor absorption and low bioavailability. Therefore, improving oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs is a great challenge in the development of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Several methods such as solid dispersion, complexation, lipid-based systems, micronization, nanonization, and co-crystals were developed to improve the solubility of hydrophobic drugs. Recently, solid dispersion is one of the most widely used and successful techniques in formulation development. This review mainly discusses classification, methods for preparation of solid dispersions, and use of solid dispersion for improving solubility of poorly soluble anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Tran
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Yong-Chul Pyo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Jin-Ki Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Sook Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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Cruz-Angeles J, Videa M, Martínez LM. Highly Soluble Glimepiride and Irbesartan Co-amorphous Formulation with Potential Application in Combination Therapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:144. [PMID: 30887140 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One-third of the population of the USA suffers from metabolic syndrome (MetS). Treatment of patients with MetS regularly includes drugs prescribed simultaneously to treat diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the development of novel multidrug formulations is recommended. However, the main problem with these drugs is their low solubility. The use of binary co-amorphous systems emerges as a promising strategy to increase drug solubility. In the present study, irbesartan (IBS) and glimepiride (GMP), class II active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), widely used in the treatment of arterial hypertension and diabetes, were selected to develop a novel binary co-amorphous system with remarkable enhancement in the dissolution of both APIs. The phase diagram of IBS-GMP was constructed and co-amorphous systems were prepared by melt-quench, in a wide range of compositions. Dissolution profile (studied at pH 1.2 and 37°C for mole fractions 0.01, 0.1, and 0.5) demonstrated that the xGMP = 0.01 formulation presents the highest enhancement in its dissolution. GMP went from being practically insoluble to reach 3.9 ± 0.9 μg/mL, and IBS showed a 12-fold increment with respect to the dissolution of its crystalline form. Infrared studies showed that the increase in the dissolution profile is related to the intermolecular interactions (hydrogen bonds), which were dependent of composition. Results of structural and thermal characterization performed by XRD and DSC showed that samples have remained in amorphous state for more than 10 months of storage. This work contributes to the development of a highly soluble co-amorphous drugs with potential used in the treatment of MetS.
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Jermain SV, Miller D, Spangenberg A, Lu X, Moon C, Su Y, Williams RO. Homogeneity of amorphous solid dispersions - an example with KinetiSol ®. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:724-735. [PMID: 30653376 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1569037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
KinetiSol® is a high-shear, fusion-based technology capable of producing stable amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) without the assistance of solvent. KinetiSol® has proven successful with multiple challenging BCS class II and IV drugs, where drug properties like thermal instability or lack of appreciable solubility in volatile solvents make hot melt extrusion or spray drying unfeasible. However, there is a necessity to characterize the ASDs like those made by the KinetiSol® process, in order to better understand whether KinetiSol® is capable of homogeneously dispersing drug throughout a carrier in a short (<40 s) processing time. Our study utilized the high melting point, BCS class II drug, meloxicam, in order to evaluate the degree of homogeneity of 1, 5, and 10% w/w KinetiSol®-processed samples. Powder blend homogeneity and content uniformity were evaluated, and all samples demonstrated a meloxicam concentration % relative standard deviation of ≤2.0%. SEM/EDS was utilized to map elemental distribution of the processed samples, which confirmed KinetiSol®-processed materials were homogeneous at a 25 µm2 area. Utilizing Raman spectroscopy, we were able to verify the amorphous content of the processed samples. Finally, we utilized ssNMR 1 H spin-lattice relaxation measurement to evaluate the molecular miscibility of meloxicam with the polymer at 1% w/w drug load, for the first time, and determined the processed sample was highly miscible at ∼200 nm scale. In conclusion, we determined the KinetiSol® process is capable of producing ASDs that are homogeneously and molecularly well-dispersed drug-in-polymer at drug concentrations as low as 1% w/w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott V Jermain
- a Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Dave Miller
- b DisperSol Technologies, LLC , Georgetown , TX , USA
| | | | - Xingyu Lu
- c Merck Research Laboratories (MRLs), Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , NJ , USA
| | - Chaeho Moon
- a Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Yongchao Su
- a Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.,c Merck Research Laboratories (MRLs), Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth , NJ , USA
| | - Robert O Williams
- a Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
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Continuous manufacturing of orally dissolving webs containing a poorly soluble drug via electrospinning. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 130:91-99. [PMID: 30684658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An orally dissolving web (ODW) formulation of poorly soluble carvedilol (CAR) was developed and manufactured continuously using electrospinning (ES) as a key technology. Phase solubility tests revealed that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) solubilizer alone cannot ensure sufficient solubility (6.25 mg CAR in 20 mL) in the oral cavity even if citric acid was present to ionize the basic drug. In turn, electrospun amorphous nanofibers of polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVPK30) and CAR exhibited notable supersaturation of the drug in the presence of citric acid. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) confirmed the amorphous state of CAR. The final ODW was prepared by layering the nanofibers onto pullulan, a well-soluble polysaccharide film carrying citric acid. The double-layered formulation showed ultrafast disintegration and dissolution modeling the oral cavity meeting regulatory requirements (<30 s). The continuous production was accomplished using our recently developed continuous model system by controlled deposition of the nanofibers onto the carrier film strained to a wheel collector and followed by cutting into final dosage units. Performance tests of the continuous system revealed satisfactory content uniformity over time (average acceptance value = 9.45), while residual solvent content measurements showed trace amounts of ethanol (EtOH) after production and acceptable dimethyl-formamide (DMF) content with secondary drying at room temperature. The presented work demonstrates how ES can be part of a continuous manufacturing system as an advanced drying tool during the formulation of challenging drugs.
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25
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Mishra J, Bohr A, Rades T, Grohganz H, Löbmann K. Whey proteins as stabilizers in amorphous solid dispersions. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 128:144-151. [PMID: 30528387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Whey proteins are extensively used as nutritional supplements but have so far not been investigated as co-formers for amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs. In this study, whey protein isolate (WPI) and whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) were each mixed with three poorly water soluble drugs (indomethacin: IND, carvedilol: CAR and furosemide: FUR) and prepared as ASDs at 50% (w/w) drug loading using vibrational ball milling. Subsequently, solid state characteristics, dissolution rate and physical stability of the obtained samples were analyzed. All ASDs showed a significant increase in their glass transition temperatures, as well as faster dissolution rates and higher apparent solubilities compared to both the respective pure crystalline and amorphous drugs. The saturation solubility of the drugs was increased in the presence of the whey proteins, and the investigated ASDs showed supersaturation by attaining higher drug concentrations compared to the respective saturation solubilities. Upon storage, ASDs containing IND were found to be physically stable for at least 27 months, whereas, ASDs containing CAR or FUR were stable for about 8 months and 17 months, respectively. This was a tremendous increase in physical stability compared to the pure amorphous drugs which recrystallized within less than one week. Overall, WPI and WPH proved to be promising co-formers and amorphous stabilizers in ASD formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Bohr
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Korbinian Löbmann
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Russo MG, Baldoni HA, Dávila YA, Brusau EV, Ellena JA, Narda GE. Rational Design of a Famotidine-Ibuprofen Coamorphous System: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8772-8782. [PMID: 30160964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Famotidine (FMT) and ibuprofen (IBU) were used as model drugs to obtain coamorphous systems, where the guanidine moiety of the antacid and the carboxylic group of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug could potentially participate in H-bonds leading to a given structural motif. The systems were prepared in 3:7, 1:1, and 7:3 FMT and IBU molar ratios, respectively. The latter two became amorphous after 180 min of comilling. FMT-IBU (1:1) exhibited a higher physical stability in assays at 4, 25, and 40 °C up to 60 days. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy accounted for important modifications in the vibrational behavior of those functional groups, allowing us to ascribe the skill of 1:1 FMT-IBU for remaining amorphous to equimolar interactions between both components. Density functional theory calculations followed by quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis were then conducted to support the presence of the expected FMT-IBU heterodimer with consequent formation of a R228 structural motif. The electron density (ρ) and its Laplacian (∇2ρ) values suggested a high strength of the specific intermolecular interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations to build an amorphous assembly, followed by radial distribution function analysis on the modeled phase were further employed. The results demonstrate that it is a feasible rational design of a coamorphous system, satisfactorily stabilized by molecular-level interactions leading to the expected motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos G Russo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
| | - Hector A Baldoni
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis (IMASL-UNSL), CONICET , Italia 1556 , D5700HHW San Luis , Argentina
| | - Yamina A Dávila
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
| | - Elena V Brusau
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
| | - Javier A Ellena
- Instituto de Fisica de São Carlos , Universidad de São Paulo , CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Griselda E Narda
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
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In vitro/vivo assessment of praziquantel nanocrystals: Formulation, characterization, and pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 14:321-328. [PMID: 32104462 PMCID: PMC7032129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of particle size on in vitro/vivo performance of praziquantel (PZQ), nanocrystals (NCs) and microcrystals (MCs) of PZQ were prepared using the methods of wet milling and jet milling, respectively. PZQ NCs and MCs were characterized with dynamic light scattering, laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The average diameters of PZQ NCs and MCs were 364.4 nm and 3.7 µm, respectively. No change in crystalline form was observed. Dissolution tests were performed in two different media, where the cumulative dissolution and dissolution rate of NCs were significantly improved in comparison with those of MCs and KANGQING® in non-sink condition. Similarly, oral bioavailability of PZQ NCs in beagle dogs was 1.68 (P < 0.05) and 1.83 fold (P < 0.01) higher than that of MCs and KANGQING®. Considering the advantages of in vitro/vivo performance and facile preparation, PZQ NCs may have a great application in the treatment of schistosomiasis.
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28
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Ngo AN, Thomas D, Murowchick J, Ayon NJ, Jaiswal A, Youan BBC. Engineering fast dissolving sodium acetate mediated crystalline solid dispersion of docetaxel. Int J Pharm 2018; 545:329-341. [PMID: 29689368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is hypothesized that a novel crystalline solid dispersion (CSD) of docetaxel (C-DXT) can be engineered by dispersing native docetaxel (DXT, a BCS class II drug) in sodium acetate crystal (SA). DXT is dissolved in glacial acetic/SA solution and freeze-dried. The resulting C-DXT is characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray analysis (PXRD), LC-MS/MS, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Its cytotoxicity on model cancerous (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468) and normal breast cells (MCF-10A) is assessed by MTS assay. SEM/TEM data and the absence of the characteristics peaks of DXT on the DSC curve (at 193.4 °C) and the XRD scan (at 2θ = 15.31 °C and 23.04 °C) confirm the presence of C-DXT in SA. The LC-MS/MS data indicates the chemical stability of DXT. The yield and C-DXT loading are 95.2% and 6.52% w/w, respectively. The C-DXT rapidly forms an aqueous non-rigid nanosuspension with a faster drug dissolution rate compared to native DXT. Unlike, control Tween 80/ethanol, SA is noncytotoxic to normal cells. However, C-DXT's cytotoxicity is time and dose dependent for all diseased cells. This unique CSD process might be applicable to other hydrophobic bioactive agents to enhance their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Nguessan Ngo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Danielle Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - James Murowchick
- Department of Geosciences, University of Missouri Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Navid J Ayon
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City, MO, USA
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29
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Efficient production of solid dispersions by spray drying solutions of high solid content using a 3-fluid nozzle. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 123:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Wang J, Chang R, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Zhang T, Fu Q, Chang C, Zeng A. Coamorphous Loratadine-Citric Acid System with Enhanced Physical Stability and Bioavailability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2541-2550. [PMID: 28224393 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coamorphous systems using citric acid as a small molecular excipient were studied for improving physical stability and bioavailability of loratadine, a BCS class II drug with low water solubility and high permeability. Coamorphous loratadine-citric acid systems were prepared by solvent evaporation technique and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Solid-state analysis proofed that coamorphous loratadine-citric acid system (1:1) was amorphous and homogeneous, had a higher T g over amorphous loratadine, and the intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions between loratadine and citric acid exist. The solubility and dissolution of coamorphous loratadine-citric acid system (1:1) were found to be significantly greater than those of crystalline and amorphous form. The pharmacokinetic study in rats proved that coamorphous loratadine-citric acid system (1:1) could significantly improve absorption and bioavailability of loratadine. Coamorphous loratadine-citric acid system (1:1) showed excellently physical stability over a period of 3 months at 25°C under 0% RH and 25°C under 60% RH conditions. The improved stability of coamorphous loratadine-citric acid system (1:1) could be related to an elevated T g over amorphous form and the intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions between loratadine and citric acid. These studies demonstrate that the developed coamorphous loratadine-citric acid system might be a promising oral formulation for improving solubility and bioavailability of loratadine.
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31
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Martínez LM, Videa M, López Silva T, Castro S, Caballero A, Lara-Díaz VJ, Castorena-Torres F. Two-phase amorphous-amorphous solid drug dispersion with enhanced stability, solubility and bioavailability resulting from ultrasonic dispersion of an immiscible system. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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Mesallati H, Umerska A, Paluch KJ, Tajber L. Amorphous Polymeric Drug Salts as Ionic Solid Dispersion Forms of Ciprofloxacin. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2209-2223. [PMID: 28570079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a poorly soluble drug that also displays poor permeability. Attempts to improve the solubility of this drug to date have largely focused on the formation of crystalline salts and metal complexes. The aim of this study was to prepare amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) by ball milling CIP with various polymers. Following examination of their solid state characteristics and physical stability, the solubility advantage of these ASDs was studied, and their permeability was investigated via parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Finally, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the ASDs were compared to those of CIP. It was discovered that acidic polymers, such as Eudragit L100, Eudragit L100-55, Carbopol, and HPMCAS, were necessary for the amorphization of CIP. In each case, the positively charged secondary amine of CIP was found to interact with carboxylate groups in the polymers, forming amorphous polymeric drug salts. Although the ASDs began to crystallize within days under accelerated stability conditions, they remained fully X-ray amorphous following exposure to 90% RH at 25 °C, and demonstrated higher than predicted glass transition temperatures. The solubility of CIP in water and simulated intestinal fluid was also increased by all of the ASDs studied. Unlike a number of other solubility enhancing formulations, the ASDs did not decrease the permeability of the drug. Similarly, no decrease in antibiotic efficacy was observed, and significant improvements in the MIC and MBC of CIP were obtained with ASDs containing HPMCAS-LG and HPMCAS-MG. Therefore, ASDs may be a viable alternative for formulating CIP with improved solubility, bioavailability, and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanah Mesallati
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin , College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anita Umerska
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, Universite Bretagne Loire , 4 rue Larrey, Angers 49933 Cedex, France
| | - Krzysztof J Paluch
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford , Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Lidia Tajber
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin , College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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33
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Pan Y, Pang W, Lv J, Wang J, Yang C, Guo W. Solid state characterization of azelnidipine-oxalic acid co-crystal and co-amorphous complexes: The effect of different azelnidipine polymorphs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:302-315. [PMID: 28237872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In present study, based on the two polymorphs (α and β form) of azelnidipine (AZE), 12 complexes of AZE and oxalic acid (OXA) were prepared by solvent-assisted grinding (SG) and neat powder grinding (NG) methods at the AZE/OXA molar ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2. The effect of the different polymorphs of AZE on the micro-structure of the complexes were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), tempreture modulated differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, cryo-field emission scanning electron microscope system, fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. β-AZE-OXA co-crystal was produced at β-AZE/OXA molar ratio of 2:1 when SG method was used; while α-AZE was used to produce α-AZE-OXA co-crystal at same condition. However, the other 10 combinations were in co-amorphous forms, including the NG samples with α (or β)-AZE/OXA molar ratios of 2:1, 1:1 (SG and NG), and 1:2 (SG and NG). Although the XRD pattern and IR spectra of the two co-crystals showed no difference, the melting enthalpy and specific heat cp of the β-AZE-OXA co-crystal was higher than that of the α-AZE-OXA co-crystal, indicating that the numbers of solvent molecules which entered the two co-crystal lattices were different. Interestingly, obvious difference occurred in the IR spectra between the α-AZE-OXA and β-AZE-OXA co-amorphous systems. 1745cm-1 wave-numbers, which were assigned to the free CO groups, appeared in the α-AZE-OXA co-amorphous systems even when just a small amount of OXA was introduced, thereby indicating the presence of different intermolecular forces in the two series of co-amorphous forms. The solubility in different media and the dissolution rate in 0.1molL-1 HCl of the 12 complexes were determined. The dramatically improved dissolution rates of the α- and β-AZE-OXA 1:2 (NG) combinations in vitro showed potential in improving the physicochemical properties of AZE by co-amorphous complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wenzhe Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Caiqin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
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Skrdla PJ, Floyd PD, Dell’Orco PC. The amorphous state: first-principles derivation of the Gordon–Taylor equation for direct prediction of the glass transition temperature of mixtures; estimation of the crossover temperature of fragile glass formers; physical basis of the “Rule of 2/3”. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20523-20532. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04124a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Predicting the glass transition and crossover temperatures of pure amorphous phases and mixtures finds broad application across different fields of study.
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35
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AC and DC electrospinning of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose with polyethylene oxides as secondary polymer for improved drug dissolution. Int J Pharm 2016; 505:159-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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36
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Dengale SJ, Grohganz H, Rades T, Löbmann K. Recent advances in co-amorphous drug formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 100:116-25. [PMID: 26805787 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous drug delivery systems have recently gained considerable interest in the pharmaceutical field because of their potential to improve oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs through drug dissolution enhancement as a result of the amorphous nature of the material. A co-amorphous system is characterized by the use of only low molecular weight components that are mixed into a homogeneous single-phase co-amorphous blend. The use of only low molecular weight co-formers makes this approach very attractive, as the amount of amorphous stabilizer can be significantly reduced compared with other amorphous stabilization techniques. Because of this, several research groups started to investigate the co-amorphous formulation approach, resulting in an increasing amount of scientific publications over the last few years. This study provides an overview of the co-amorphous field and its recent findings. In particular, we investigate co-amorphous formulations from the viewpoint of solid dispersions, describe their formation and mechanism of stabilization, study their impact on dissolution and in vivo performance and briefly outline the future potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Jayant Dengale
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Korbinian Löbmann
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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37
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Vasconcelos T, Marques S, das Neves J, Sarmento B. Amorphous solid dispersions: Rational selection of a manufacturing process. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 100:85-101. [PMID: 26826438 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous products and particularly amorphous solid dispersions are currently one of the most exciting areas in the pharmaceutical field. This approach presents huge potential and advantageous features concerning the overall improvement of drug bioavailability. Currently, different manufacturing processes are being developed to produce amorphous solid dispersions with suitable robustness and reproducibility, ranging from solvent evaporation to melting processes. In the present paper, laboratorial and industrial scale processes were reviewed, and guidelines for a rationale selection of manufacturing processes were proposed. This would ensure an adequate development (laboratorial scale) and production according to the good manufacturing practices (GMP) (industrial scale) of amorphous solid dispersions, with further implications on the process validations and drug development pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teófilo Vasconcelos
- BIAL-Portela & Cª, S.A., Avenida da Siderugia Nacional, 4745-457 Trofa, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Marques
- CIBIO/InBIO-UP-Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, n° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - José das Neves
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde and Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
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38
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Huang Y, Zhang Q, Wang JR, Lin KL, Mei X. Amino acids as co-amorphous excipients for tackling the poor aqueous solubility of valsartan. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:69-76. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2016.1163390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Rong Wang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Lei Lin
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Mei
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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39
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Han Y, Pan Y, Lv J, Guo W, Wang J. Powder grinding preparation of co-amorphous β-azelnidipine and maleic acid combination: Molecular interactions and physicochemical properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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40
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Brough C, Miller DA, Keen JM, Kucera SA, Lubda D, Williams RO. Use of Polyvinyl Alcohol as a Solubility-Enhancing Polymer for Poorly Water Soluble Drug Delivery (Part 1). AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17:167-79. [PMID: 26637232 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL) has not been investigated in a binary formulation as a concentration-enhancing polymer owing to its high melting point/high viscosity and poor organic solubility. Due to the unique attributes of the KinetiSol® dispersing (KSD) technology, PVAL has been enabled for this application and it is the aim of this paper to investigate various grades for improvement of the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients. Solid amorphous dispersions were created with the model drug, itraconazole (ITZ), at a selected drug loading of 20%. Polymer grades were chosen with variation in molecular weight and degree of hydroxylation to determine the effects on performance. Differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, polarized light microscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and dissolution testing were used to characterize the amorphous dispersions. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats was also conducted to compare the selected formulation to current market formulations of ITZ. The 4-88 grade of PVAL was determined to be effective at enhancing solubility and bioavailability of itraconazole.
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41
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Purohit HS, Taylor LS. Miscibility of Itraconazole-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Blends: Insights with High Resolution Analytical Methodologies. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4542-53. [PMID: 26567698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug-polymer miscibility is considered to be a prerequisite to achieve an optimally performing amorphous solid dispersion (ASD). Unfortunately, it can be challenging to evaluate drug-polymer miscibility experimentally. The aim of this study was to investigate the miscibility of ASDs of itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) using a variety of analytical approaches. The phase behavior of ITZ-HPMC films prepared by solvent evaporation was studied before and after heating. Conventional methodology for miscibility determination, that is, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), was used in conjunction with emerging analytical techniques, such as fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence imaging, and atomic force microscopy coupled with nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and nanothermal analysis (AFM-nanoIR-nanoTA). DSC results showed a single glass transition event for systems with 10% to 50% drug loading, suggesting that the ASDs were miscible, whereas phase separation was observed for all of the films based on the other techniques. The AFM-coupled techniques indicated that the phase separation occurred at the submicron scale. When the films were heated, it was observed that the ASD components underwent mixing. The results provide new insights into the phase behavior of itraconazole-HPMC dispersions and suggest that the emerging analytical techniques discussed herein are promising for the characterization of miscibility and microstructure in drug-polymer systems. The observed differences in the phase behavior in films prepared by solvent evaporation before and after heating also have implications for processing routes and suggest that spray drying/solvent evaporation and hot melt extrusion/melt mixing can result in ASDs with varying extent of miscibility between the drug and the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh S Purohit
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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42
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Li W, Buckton G. Using DVS-NIR to assess the water sorption behaviour and stability of a griseofulvin/PVP K30 solid dispersion. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:999-1004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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Kanaujia P, Poovizhi P, Ng W, Tan R. Amorphous formulations for dissolution and bioavailability enhancement of poorly soluble APIs. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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44
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Raimi-Abraham BT, Mahalingam S, Davies PJ, Edirisinghe M, Craig DQM. Development and Characterization of Amorphous Nanofiber Drug Dispersions Prepared Using Pressurized Gyration. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3851-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip J. Davies
- TA Instruments—A Division of Waters U.K., 730-740 Centennial Court, Centennial
Park, Elstree, Hertfordshire, WD6 3SZ, U.K
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Duncan Q. M. Craig
- University College London School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, U.K
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Comparison of spray drying, electroblowing and electrospinning for preparation of Eudragit E and itraconazole solid dispersions. Int J Pharm 2015; 494:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sassene PJ, Mosgaard MD, Löbmann K, Mu H, Larsen FH, Rades T, Müllertz A. Elucidating the Molecular Interactions Occurring during Drug Precipitation of Weak Bases from Lipid-Based Formulations: A Case Study with Cinnarizine and a Long Chain Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4067-76. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Sassene
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette D. Mosgaard
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Korbinian Löbmann
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huiling Mu
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming H. Larsen
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej
26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Müllertz
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bioneer:Farma,
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mishra DK, Dhote V, Bhargava A, Jain DK, Mishra PK. Amorphous solid dispersion technique for improved drug delivery: basics to clinical applications. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 5:552-65. [PMID: 26306524 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-015-0256-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Balogh A, Farkas B, Faragó K, Farkas A, Wagner I, Van assche I, Verreck G, Nagy ZK, Marosi G. Melt-Blown and Electrospun Drug-Loaded Polymer Fiber Mats for Dissolution Enhancement: A Comparative Study. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1767-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Meng F, Gala U, Chauhan H. Classification of solid dispersions: correlation to (i) stability and solubility (ii) preparation and characterization techniques. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1401-15. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1018274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yousaf AM, Kim DW, Oh YK, Yong CS, Kim JO, Choi HG. Enhanced oral bioavailability of fenofibrate using polymeric nanoparticulated systems: physicochemical characterization and in vivo investigation. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1819-30. [PMID: 25784807 PMCID: PMC4356686 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s78895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intention of this research was to prepare and compare various solubility-enhancing nanoparticulated systems in order to select a nanoparticulated formulation with the most improved oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble fenofibrate. Methods The most appropriate excipients for different nanoparticulated preparations were selected by determining the drug solubility in 1% (w/v) aqueous solutions of each carrier. The polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanospheres, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) nanocorpuscles, and gelatin nanocapsules were formulated as fenofibrate/PVP/sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), fenofibrate/HP-β-CD, and fenofibrate/gelatin at the optimized weight ratios of 2.5:4.5:1, 1:4, and 1:8, respectively. The three solid-state products were achieved using the solvent-evaporation method through the spray-drying technique. The physicochemical characterization of these nanoparticles was accomplished by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Their physicochemical properties, aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and pharmacokinetics in rats were investigated in comparison with the drug powder. Results Among the tested carriers, PVP, HP-β-CD, gelatin, and SLS showed better solubility and were selected as the most appropriate constituents for various nanoparticulated systems. All of the formulations significantly improved the aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and oral bioavailability of fenofibrate compared to the drug powder. The drug was present in the amorphous form in HP-β-CD nanocorpuscles; however, in other formulations, it existed in the crystalline state with a reduced intensity. The aqueous solubility and dissolution rates of the nanoparticles (after 30 minutes) were not significantly different from one another. Among the nanoparticulated systems tested in this study, the initial dissolution rates (up to 10 minutes) were higher with the PVP nanospheres and HP-β-CD nanocorpuscles; however, neither of them resulted in the highest oral bioavailability. Irrespective of relatively retarded dissolution rate, gelatin nanocapsules showed the highest apparent aqueous solubility and furnished the most improved oral bioavailability of the drug (~5.5-fold), owing to better wetting and diminution in crystallinity. Conclusion Fenofibrate-loaded gelatin nanocapsules prepared using the solvent-evaporation method through the spray-drying technique could be a potential oral pharmaceutical product for administering the poorly water-soluble fenofibrate with an enhanced bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Mehmood Yousaf
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Dong Wuk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan, South Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan, South Korea
| | - Han-Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
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