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Fattahi N, Gorgannezhad L, Masoule SF, Babanejad N, Ramazani A, Raoufi M, Sharifikolouei E, Foroumadi A, Khoobi M. PEI-based functional materials: Fabrication techniques, properties, and biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 325:103119. [PMID: 38447243 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cationic polymers have recently attracted considerable interest as research breakthroughs for various industrial and biomedical applications. They are particularly interesting due to their highly positive charges, acceptable physicochemical properties, and ability to undergo further modifications, making them attractive candidates for biomedical applications. Polyethyleneimines (PEIs), as the most extensively utilized polymers, are one of the valuable and prominent classes of polycations. Owing to their flexible polymeric chains, broad molecular weight (MW) distribution, and repetitive structural units, their customization for functional composites is more feasible. The specific beneficial attributes of PEIs could be introduced by purposeful functionalization or modification, long service life, biocompatibility, and distinct geometry. Therefore, PEIs have significant potential in biotechnology, medicine, and bioscience. In this review, we present the advances in PEI-based nanomaterials, their transfection efficiency, and their toxicity over the past few years. Furthermore, the potential and suitability of PEIs for various applications are highlighted and discussed in detail. This review aims to inspire readers to investigate innovative approaches for the design and development of next-generation PEI-based nanomaterials possessing cutting-edge functionalities and appealing characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fattahi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Lena Gorgannezhad
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Shabnam Farkhonde Masoule
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Niloofar Babanejad
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Raoufi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Elham Sharifikolouei
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin (TO), Italy
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Yadav DN, Ali MS, Thanekar AM, Pogu SV, Rengan AK. Recent Advancements in the Design of Nanodelivery Systems of siRNA for Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4506-4526. [PMID: 36409653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has increased the possibility of restoring RNA drug targets for cancer treatment. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapeutic RNAi tool that targets the defective gene by inhibiting its mRNA expression and stopping its translation. However, siRNAs have flaws like poor intracellular trafficking, RNase degradation, rapid kidney filtration, off-targeting, and toxicity, which limit their therapeutic efficiency. Nanocarriers (NCs) have been designed to overcome such flaws and increase antitumor activity. Combining siRNA and anticancer drugs can give synergistic effects in cancer cells, making them a significant gene-modification tool in cancer therapy. Our discussion of NCs-mediated siRNA delivery in this review includes their mechanism, limitations, and advantages in comparison with naked siRNA delivery. We will also discuss organic NCs (polymers and lipids) and inorganic NCs (quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and gold) that have been reported for extensive delivery of therapeutic siRNA to tumor sites. Finally, we will conclude by discussing the studies based on organic and inorganic NCs-mediated siRNA drug delivery systems conducted in the years 2020 and 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokkari Nagalaxmi Yadav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
| | - Mohammad Sadik Ali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
| | | | - Sunil Venkanna Pogu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
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Lee H, Choi M, Kim HE, Jin M, Jeon WJ, Jung M, Yoo H, Won JH, Na YG, Lee JY, Seong H, Lee HK, Cho CW. Mannosylated poly(acrylic acid)-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for anticancer therapy. J Control Release 2022; 349:241-253. [PMID: 35798094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Although mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are widely used as anticancer drug carriers, unmodified MSNs induce off-target effects and at high doses, there are adverse effects of hemolysis because of the interaction with the silanol group on the surface and cells. In this study, we developed doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded MSNs coated with mannose grafted poly (acrylic acid) copolymer (DOX@MSNs-man-g-PAA) to enhance the hemocompatibility and target efficacy to cancer cells. This uniform nanosized DOX@MSNs-man-g-PAA showed sustained and pH-dependent drug release with improved hemocompatibility over the bare MSNs. The uptake of the DOX@MSN-man-g-PAA in breast cancer cells was significantly improved by mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis, which showed significant increasing intracellular ROS and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. This formulation exhibited superior tumor-suppressing activity in the MDA-MB-231 cells inoculated mice. Overall, the present study suggested the possibility of the copolymer-coated MSNs as drug carriers for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haesoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Miseop Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Eun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Jin
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Jeon
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Won
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guk Na
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hasoo Seong
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Ki Lee
- Human Health Risk Assessment Center, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, 53212, Republic of Korea; Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, 53212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheong-Weon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Mannosylation Of Budesonide Palmitate Nanoprodrugs For Improved Macrophage Targeting. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 170:112-120. [PMID: 34890789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In a strategy to improve macrophage targeting of glucocorticoids (GCs) for anti-inflammatory therapy, a so-called nanoprodrug of budesonide palmitate decorated by mannose moieties was designed. The synthesis of budesonide palmitate (BP) was obtained by esterification and mannosylated lipid (DSPE-PEG-Man) by reacting 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine (DSPE)-polyethylene glycol-amine and α-D-mannopyranosylphenyl isothiocyanate (MPITC). Nanoparticles were formulated by emulsion-evaporation and different ratios of mannosylated lipid were introduced in the formulation of BP nanoprodrugs. Using up to 75% of DSPE-PEG-man (75/25) led to 200 nm particles with a polydispersity index below 0.2, a negative zeta potential ranging from -10 to -30 mV, and one-month stability at 4°C. The encapsulation efficiency of BP approached 100% proving that the prodrug was associated with the particles, leading to a final BP loading of 50-to 60% (w/w). The lectin agglutination test confirmed the availability of mannose on the nanoprodrug surface. Nanoprodrug uptake by RAW 264.7 macrophages was observed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. After 24 and 48 hours of incubation, a significantly greater internalization of mannosylated nanoparticles as compared to PEGylated nanoparticles was achieved. The mannose receptor-mediated uptake was confirmed by a mannan inhibition study. After LPS-induced inflammation, the anti-inflammatory effect of mannosylated nanoparticles was assessed. After 48 hours of incubation, cytokines (MCP-1 and TNFα) were reduced demonstrating that the functionalization of nanoprodrugs is possible and efficient.
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Kang M, Lee SH, Kwon M, Byun J, Kim D, Kim C, Koo S, Kwon SP, Moon S, Jung M, Hong J, Go S, Song SY, Choi JH, Hyeon T, Oh YK, Park HH, Kim BS. Nanocomplex-Mediated In Vivo Programming to Chimeric Antigen Receptor-M1 Macrophages for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103258. [PMID: 34510559 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy has shown impressive clinical outcomes for hematologic malignancies. However, its broader applications are challenged due to its complex ex vivo cell-manufacturing procedures and low therapeutic efficacy against solid tumors. The limited therapeutic effects are partially due to limited CAR-T cell infiltration to solid tumors and inactivation of CAR-T cells by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, a facile approach is presented to in vivo program macrophages, which can intrinsically penetrate solid tumors, into CAR-M1 macrophages displaying enhanced cancer-directed phagocytosis and anti-tumor activity. In vivo injected nanocomplexes of macrophage-targeting nanocarriers and CAR-interferon-γ-encoding plasmid DNA induce CAR-M1 macrophages that are capable of CAR-mediated cancer phagocytosis, anti-tumor immunomodulation, and inhibition of solid tumor growth. Together, this study describes an off-the-shelf CAR-macrophage therapy that is effective for solid tumors and avoids the complex and costly processes of ex vivo CAR-cell manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Lee
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Miji Kwon
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Byun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheesue Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sagang Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Pil Kwon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Moon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mungyo Jung
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Hong
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhyeong Go
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seuk Young Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Chemical Processes, Institute of Engineering Research, BioMAX, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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6
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Subhan MA, Attia SA, Torchilin VP. Advances in siRNA delivery strategies for the treatment of MDR cancer. Life Sci 2021; 274:119337. [PMID: 33713664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising therapeutic method that uses siRNA for cancer treatment. Although the RNAi technique has been increasingly used for clinical trials, systemic siRNA delivery into targeted cells is still challenging. The barriers impeding siRNA therapeutics delivery and impacting the treatment outcome must overcome with negligible systemic toxicity for a desirable and successful delivery of siRNA to MDR cancer cells. Nano delivery strategies have been investigated for nanocarrier functionalization, cancer immunotherapy and cancer targeting. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), dynamic polyconjugates (DPC™), GalNAc-siRNA conjugates, exosome and RBC systems have shown potential for efficient delivery of siRNA to cancer cells. Delivery of siRNA to tumor cells, immune cells to regulate T cell functions for immunotherapy are promising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Sara Aly Attia
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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7
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Terry TL, Givens BE, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Thorne PS, Rodgers VGJ, Salem AK. Encapsulating Polyethyleneimine-DNA Nanoplexes into PEGylated Biodegradable Microparticles Increases Transgene Expression In Vitro and Reduces Inflammatory Responses In Vivo. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:69. [PMID: 33565009 PMCID: PMC7872112 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulating genetic material into biocompatible polymeric microparticles is a means to improving gene transfection while simultaneously decreasing the tendency for inflammatory responses; and can be advantageous in terms of delivering material directly to the lungs via aerosolization for applications such as vaccinations. In this study, we investigated the advantages of using polymeric microparticles carrying the luciferase reporter gene in increasing transfection efficiency in the readily transfectable HEK293 cell line and the difficult to transfect RAW264.7 cell line. The results indicated that there was a limit to the ratio of nitrogen in polyethylenimine (PEI) to phosphate in DNA (N/P ratio) beyond which further increases in transgene expression no longer, or only marginally, occurred. Microparticles encapsulating PEI:DNA nanoplexes induced cellular toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. PEGylation increased transgene expression, likely related to enhanced degradation of particles. Furthermore, intra-tracheal instillation in rats allowed us to investigate the inflammatory response in the lung as a function of PEGylation, porosity, and size. Porosity did not influence cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the absence of PEG, but in particles containing PEG, non-porous particles recruited fewer inflammatory cells than their porous counterparts. Finally, both 1 μm and 10 μm porous PLA-PEG particles recruited more neutrophils than 4 μm particles. Thus, we have shown that PEGylation and lack of porosity are advantageous for faster release of genetic cargo from microparticles and a reduced inflammatory response, respectively.
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Andrade RGD, Reis B, Costas B, Lima SAC, Reis S. Modulation of Macrophages M1/M2 Polarization Using Carbohydrate-Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:polym13010088. [PMID: 33379389 PMCID: PMC7796279 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting surface endocytosis receptors using carbohydrate-conjugated nanocarriers brings outstanding approaches to an efficient delivery towards a specific target. Macrophages are cells of innate immunity found throughout the body. Plasticity of macrophages is evidenced by alterations in phenotypic polarization in response to stimuli, and is associated with changes in effector molecules, receptor expression, and cytokine profile. M1-polarized macrophages are involved in pro-inflammatory responses while M2 macrophages are capable of anti-inflammatory response and tissue repair. Modulation of macrophages’ activation state is an effective approach for several disease therapies, mediated by carbohydrate-coated nanocarriers. In this review, polymeric nanocarriers targeting macrophages are described in terms of production methods and conjugation strategies, highlighting the role of mannose receptor in the polarization of macrophages, and targeting approaches for infectious diseases, cancer immunotherapy, and prevention. Translation of this nanomedicine approach still requires further elucidation of the interaction mechanism between nanocarriers and macrophages towards clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel G. D. Andrade
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Bruno Reis
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.R.); (B.C.); (S.R.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.R.); (B.C.); (S.R.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia A. Costa Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
| | - Salette Reis
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.R.); (B.C.); (S.R.)
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9
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Peng H, Ji W, Zhao R, Lu Z, Yang J, Li Y, Zhang X. pH-sensitive zwitterionic polycarboxybetaine as a potential non-viral vector for small interfering RNA delivery. RSC Adv 2020; 10:45059-45066. [PMID: 35516239 PMCID: PMC9058814 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09359a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has great potential for the treatment of various diseases. However, its intrinsic deficiencies seriously limit its application. Herein, pH-sensitive zwitterionic polymer polycarboxybetaine (PCB) was developed as a non-viral vector for siRNA. The PCB could be protonated in an acidic environment and become positively charged from a cancer site. After protonation, PCB could complex siRNA via electrostatic interaction, and its loading ability was enhanced with a decrease of pH value. Compared with the PEI 10k, PCB50 with a similar molecular weight had comparable siRNA loading ability and lower cytotoxicity. Besides, siRNA loaded by PCB50 could escape from endosomes and reduce the loss of drugs, and based on the excellent uptake and obvious apoptotic effect on HeLa cells, the pH-sensitive PCB with low cytotoxicity could be used as a non-viral vector for safe siRNA delivery for cancer treatment. pH-sensitive zwitterionic polycarboxybetaine could complex siRNA in an acidic environment and could be used as a non-viral vector for safe siRNA delivery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Weihong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ruichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhiguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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10
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Do AV, Smith R, Tobias P, Carlsen D, Pham E, Bowden NB, Salem AK. Sustained Release of Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2S) from Poly(Lactic Acid) Functionalized 4-Hydroxythiobenzamide Microparticles to Protect Against Oxidative Damage. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 47:1691-1700. [PMID: 31139973 PMCID: PMC6650332 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a gaseous mediator capable of exhibiting many beneficial properties including cytoprotection, anti-inflammation, and vasodilation. The study presented here provides characterization of a poly(lactic acid) polymer with a functionalized 4-hydroxythiobenzamide (PLA-4HTB) capable of extended H2S release. The polymer was used to fabricate microparticles that can be potentially loaded with a drug allowing for co-release of the drug and H2S. Microparticles with the average diameter of 500 ± 207 nm were fabricated and shown to release 77.0 ± 1.76 µM of H2S over 4 weeks (release of H2S from 1 mg of particles). To test for the antioxidant properties of the PLA-4HTB microparticles, human embryonic kidney 293 cells were first incubated with PLA-4HTB microparticles and then oxidative stress was induced using CoCl2. Particle suspensions of 1 mg/mL were shown to protect cells resulting in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of superoxide that were similar to that of the control group. The microparticles fabricated from the PLA-4HTB released H2S over a sustained period of weeks to months, while providing protection from ROS. The microparticles described in this article represent a new platform technology that could be used to prevent and treat diseases caused by oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Vu Do
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Rasheid Smith
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Phillip Tobias
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Daniel Carlsen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Erica Pham
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Ned B Bowden
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA.
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11
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Rahme K, Dagher N. Chemistry Routes for Copolymer Synthesis Containing PEG for Targeting, Imaging, and Drug Delivery Purposes. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11070327. [PMID: 31336703 PMCID: PMC6680653 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is one of the most frequently used polymers for coating nanocarriers to enhance their biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, stability, and biodegradability. PEG is now considered to be among the best biocompatible polymers. It offers sterical hindrance against other nanoparticles and blood components such as opsonin, preventing their macrophage phagocytosis and resulting in a prolonged circulation time in blood stream, consequently a ‘stealth character’ in vivo. Therefore, PEG has a very promising future for the development of current therapeutics and biomedical applications. Moreover, the vast number of molecules that PEG can conjugate with might enhance its ability to have an optimistic perspective for the future. This review will present an update on the chemistry used in the modern conjugation methods for a variety of PEG conjugates, such methods include, but are not limited to, the synthesis of targeting PEG conjugates (i.e., Peptides, Folate, Biotin, Mannose etc.), imaging PEG conjugates (i.e., Coumarin, Near Infrared dyes etc.) and delivery PEG conjugates (i.e., doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and other hydrophobic low molecular weight drugs). Furthermore, the type of nanoparticles carrying those conjugates, along with their biomedical uses, will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Rahme
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, P.O. Box 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon.
| | - Nazih Dagher
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, P.O. Box 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon
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12
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Choi ES, Song J, Kang YY, Mok H. Mannose-Modified Serum Exosomes for the Elevated Uptake to Murine Dendritic Cells and Lymphatic Accumulation. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1900042. [PMID: 31141293 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The surface of bovine serum-derived exosomes (EXOs) are modified with α-d-mannose for facile interaction with mannose receptors on dendritic cells (DCs) and for efficient delivery of immune stimulators to the DCs. The surface of the EXOs is modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) without particle aggregation (≈50 nm) via the incorporation of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) into the lipid layer of the EXO, compared to chemical conjugation by N-hydroxysuccinimide activated PEG (NHS-PEG). PEG modification onto the exosomal surface significantly decreases the non-specific cellular uptake of the EXOs into the DCs. However, the EXOs with mannose-conjugated PEG-DSPE (EXO-PEG-man) exhibit excellent intracellular uptake into the DCs and boost the immune response by the incorporation of adjuvant, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) within the EXO. After an intradermal injection, a higher retention of EXO-PEG-man is observed in the lymph nodes, which could be used for the efficient delivery of immune stimulators and antigens to the lymph nodes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seo Choi
- Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Song
- Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyejung Mok
- Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Singh S, Maurya PK. Nanomaterials-Based siRNA Delivery: Routes of Administration, Hurdles and Role of Nanocarriers. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MODERN ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121101 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6004-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) is a potential alternative therapeutic approach to knock down the overexpression of genes in several disorders especially cancers with underlying genetic dysfunctions. For silencing of specific genes involved in cell cycle, small/short interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs) are being used clinically. The siRNA-based RNAi is more efficient, specific and safe antisense technology than other RNAi approaches. The route of siRNA administration for siRNA therapy depends on the targeted site. However, certain hurdles like poor stability of siRNA, saturation, off-target effect, immunogenicity, anatomical barriers and non-targeted delivery restrict the successful siRNA therapy. Thus, advancement of an effective, secure, and long-term delivery system is prerequisite to the medical utilization of siRNA. Polycationic nanocarriers mediated targeted delivery system is an ideal system to remove these hurdles and to increase the blood retention time and rate of intracellular permeability. In this chapter, we will mainly discuss the different biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic (organic, inorganic and hybrid) nanocarriers that encapsulate and shield the siRNA from the different harsh environment and provides the increased systemic siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
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14
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Terry TL, Givens BE, Rodgers VGJ, Salem AK. Tunable Properties of Poly-DL-Lactide-Monomethoxypolyethylene Glycol Porous Microparticles for Sustained Release of Polyethylenimine-DNA Polyplexes. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:23. [PMID: 30604270 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct pulmonary delivery is a promising step in developing effective gene therapies for respiratory disease. Gene therapies can be used to treat the root cause of diseases, rather than just the symptoms. However, developing effective therapies that do not cause toxicity and that successfully reach the target site at therapeutic levels is challenging. We have developed a polymer-DNA complex utilizing polyethylene imine (PEI) and DNA, which was then encapsulated into poly(lactic acid)-co-monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-mPEG) microparticles via double emulsion, solvent evaporation. Then, the resultant particle size, porosity, and encapsulation efficiency were measured as a function of altering preparation parameters. Microsphere formation was confirmed from scanning electron micrographs and the aerodynamic particle diameter was measured using an aerodynamic particle sizer. Several formulations produced particles with aerodynamic diameters in the 0-5 μm range despite having larger particle diameters which is indicative of porous particles. Furthermore, these aerodynamic diameters correspond to high deposition within the airways when inhaled and the measured DNA content indicated high encapsulation efficiency. Thus, this formulation provides promise for developing inhalable gene therapies.
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15
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Li L, Zhang R, Gu W, Xu ZP. Mannose-conjugated layered double hydroxide nanocomposite for targeted siRNA delivery to enhance cancer therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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Pinese C, Lin J, Milbreta U, Li M, Wang Y, Leong KW, Chew SY. Sustained delivery of siRNA/mesoporous silica nanoparticle complexes from nanofiber scaffolds for long-term gene silencing. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:164-177. [PMID: 29890267 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A low toxicity and efficient delivery system is needed to deliver small interfering RNAs (siRNA) in vitro and in vivo. The use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) is becoming increasingly common due to its biocompatibility, tunable pore size and customizable properties. However, bolus delivery of siRNA/MSN complexes remains suboptimal, especially when a sustained and long-term administration is required. Here, we utilized electrospun scaffolds for sustained delivery of siRNA/MSN-PEI through surface adsorption and nanofiber encapsulation. As a proof-of-concept, we targeted collagen type I expression to modulate fibrous capsule formation. Surface adsorption of siRNA/MSN-PEI provided sustained availability of siRNA for at least 30 days in vitro. As compared to conventional bolus delivery, such scaffold-mediated transfection provided more effective gene silencing (p < 0.05). On the contrary, a longer sustained release was attained (at least 5 months) when siRNA/MSN-PEI complexes were encapsulated within the electrospun fibers. In vivo subcutaneous implantation and biodistribution analysis of these scaffolds revealed that siRNA remained localized up to ∼290 μm from the implants. Finally, a fibrous capsule reduction of ∼45.8% was observed after 4 weeks in vivo as compared to negative scrambled siRNA treatment. Taken together, these results demonstrate the efficacy of scaffold-mediated sustained delivery of siRNA/MSN-PEI for long-term non-viral gene silencing applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The bolus delivery of siRNA/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) complexes shows high efficiency to silence protein agonists of tumoral processes as cancer treatments. However, in tissue engineering area, scaffold mediated delivery is desired to achieve a local and sustained release of therapeutics. We showed the feasibility and the efficacy of siRNA/MSN delivered from electrospun scaffolds through surface adsorption and nanofiber encapsulation. We showed that this method enhances siRNA transfection efficiency and sustained targeted proteins silencing in vitro and in vivo. As a proof of concept, in this study, we targeted collagen type I expression to modulate fibrous capsule formation. However this platform can be applied to the release and transfection of siRNA or miRNA in cancer and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Pinese
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore, Singapore; Artificial Biopolymers Department, Max Mousseron Institute of Biomolecules (IBMM), UMR CNRS 5247, University of Montpellier, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montpellier 34093, France
| | - Junquan Lin
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ulla Milbreta
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yucai Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637459 Singapore, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232 Singapore, Singapore.
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Gatta AK, Hariharapura RC, Udupa N, Reddy MS, Josyula VR. Strategies for improving the specificity of siRNAs for enhanced therapeutic potential. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:709-725. [PMID: 29902093 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1480607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RNA interference has become a tool of choice in the development of drugs in various therapeutic areas of Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS). The critical element in developing successful RNAi therapeutics lies in designing small interfering RNA (siRNA) using an efficient algorithm satisfying the designing criteria. Further, translation of siRNA from bench-side to bedside needs an efficient delivery system and/or chemical modification. Areas covered: This review emphasizes the importance of dicer, the criteria for efficient siRNA design, the currently available algorithms and strategies to overcome off-target effects, immune stimulatory effects and endosomal trap. Expert opinion: Specificity and stability are the primary concerns for siRNA therapeutics. The design criteria and algorithms should be chosen rationally to have a siRNA sequence that binds to the corresponding mRNA as it happens in the Watson and Crick base pairing. However, it must evade a few more hurdles (Endocytosis, Serum stability etc.) to be functional in the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kiran Gatta
- a Cell and Molecular Biology lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , Karnataka , India
| | - Raghu Chandrashekhar Hariharapura
- a Cell and Molecular Biology lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , Karnataka , India
| | - Nayanabhirama Udupa
- b Research Directorate of Health Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , Karnataka , India
| | - Meka Sreenivasa Reddy
- c Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , Karnataka , India
| | - Venkata Rao Josyula
- a Cell and Molecular Biology lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal , Karnataka , India
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18
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Filatova LY, Klyachko NL, Kudryashova EV. Targeted delivery of anti-tuberculosis drugs to macrophages: targeting mannose receptors. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Ball RL, Bajaj P, Whitehead KA. Oral delivery of siRNA lipid nanoparticles: Fate in the GI tract. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2178. [PMID: 29391566 PMCID: PMC5794865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery, a patient-friendly means of drug delivery, is preferred for local administration of intestinal therapeutics. Lipidoid nanoparticles, which have been previously shown to deliver siRNA to intestinal epithelial cells, have potential to treat intestinal disease. It is unknown, however, whether the oral delivery of these particles is possible. To better understand the fate of lipid nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, we studied delivery under deconstructed stomach and intestinal conditions in vitro. Lipid nanoparticles remained potent and stable following exposure to solutions with pH values as low as 1.2. Efficacy decreased following exposure to “fed”, but not “fasting” concentrations of pepsin and bile salts. The presence of mucin on Caco-2 cells also reduced potency, although this effect was mitigated slightly by increasing the percentage of PEG in the lipid nanoparticle. Mouse biodistribution studies indicated that siRNA-loaded nanoparticles were retained in the GI tract for at least 8 hours. Although gene silencing was not initially observed following oral LNP delivery, confocal microscopy confirmed that nanoparticles entered the epithelial cells of the mouse small intestine and colon. Together, these data suggest that orally-delivered LNPs should be protected in the stomach and upper intestine to promote siRNA delivery to intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Ball
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Palak Bajaj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
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20
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Li H, Liu W, Sorenson CM, Sheibani N, Albert DM, Senanayake T, Vinogradov S, Henkin J, Zhang HF. Sustaining Intravitreal Residence With L-Arginine Peptide-Conjugated Nanocarriers. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:5142-5150. [PMID: 28986592 PMCID: PMC5634351 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intravitreal injection of antiangiogenic agents is becoming a standard treatment for neovascular retinal diseases. Sustained release of therapeutics by injecting colloidal carriers is a promising approach to reduce the injection frequency, which reduces treatment burdens and the risk of complications on patients. Such sustained release often requires carriers to have micrometer-scale dimension that, however, can potentially promote glaucoma and inflammation. Small, polycationic particles can be immobilized in vitreous through multiple cooperative ionic interactions with hyaluronic acid of the vitreous interior, but such particles are generally toxic. Here, we synthesized and examined a biocompatible dextran-based nanocarrier (<50 nm in diameter) conjugated with cationic peptides containing L-arginine with minimal toxicity, aiming to provide sustained release of therapeutic drugs in vitreous. Methods We synthesized the nanocarriers with condensed cholesteryl dextran (CDEX) as core material. Cationic peptides containing 1 to 4 arginine groups, along with fluorescence tags, were conjugated to the CDEX surface. We monitored the carrier diffusion rate ex vivo and half-lives in vivo in rodent vitreous using fluorescence imaging. We evaluated the toxicity by histological examinations at the second, third, eighth, and thirty-sixth week. Results The diffusion rate of nanocarriers was inversely related to zeta potential values in freshly isolated vitreous humor. We observed increased half-lives in vivo with increasing zeta potential (up to 240 days). Histological examinations confirmed no adverse effects on ocular morphology and organization. Conclusions We demonstrated the potential of L-arginine peptide-conjugated nanocarriers toward safe and sustained therapeutic release system for posterior eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Wenzhong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Christine M Sorenson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, and Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Daniel M Albert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Thulani Senanayake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Serguei Vinogradov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Jack Henkin
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Hao F Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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21
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Darvishi MH, Nomani A, Hashemzadeh H, Amini M, Shokrgozar MA, Dinarvand R. Targeted DNA delivery to cancer cells using a biotinylated chitosan carrier. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2017; 64:423-432. [PMID: 27037851 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A novel biotinylated chitosan-graft-polyethyleneimine (Bio-Chi-g-PEI) copolymer was synthesized and evaluated as a nonviral gene delivery carrier for improvement of the transfection efficiency, endosomal escape, and targeted gene delivery of a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein N1 (pEGFP-N1) into two different biotin-overexpressing cell lines including HeLa and OVCAR-3 cells. The structure of the obtained copolymers was confirmed by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Physicochemical properties of the Bio-Chi-g-PEI/plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexes such as complex stability, size, zeta potential, and their morphology were investigated at various weight ratios of copolymer to pDNA. Bio-Chi-g-PEI copolymers could effectively condense pDNA into small particles with average diameters less than 164 nm and the zeta potential of +34.8 mV at the N/P ratio of 40/1. As revealed by flow cytometry, Bio-Chi-g-PEI/pDNA complexes had lower cytotoxicity than that of PEI 25 kDa/pDNA complexes in both cell lines. In vitro experiments revealed that the Bio-Chi-gPEI/pDNA complexes not only had much lower cytotoxicity, but also displayed higher transfection efficiency than that of PEI 25kDa/pDNA complexes. High percentage of cancer cells was successfully transfected by Bio-Chi-g-PEI/pDNA and properly expressed GFP protein. This study indicates that this copolymer complex can be a promising gene delivery carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Darvishi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Nomani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hadi Hashemzadeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Wu Z, Zhan S, Fan W, Ding X, Wu X, Zhang W, Fu Y, Huang Y, Huang X, Chen R, Li M, Xu N, Zheng Y, Ding B. Peptide-Mediated Tumor Targeting by a Degradable Nano Gene Delivery Vector Based on Pluronic-Modified Polyethylenimine. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:122. [PMID: 26932761 PMCID: PMC4773318 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylenimine (PEI) is considered to be a promising non-viral gene delivery vector. To solve the toxicity versus efficacy and tumor-targeting challenges of PEI used as gene delivery vector, we constructed a novel non-viral vector DR5-TAT-modified Pluronic-PEI (Pluronic-PEI-DR5-TAT), which was based on the attachment of low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine (LMW-PEI) to the amphiphilic polymer Pluronic to prepare Pluronic-modified LMW-PEI (Pluronic-PEI). This was then conjugated to a multifunctional peptide containing a cell-penetrating peptide (TAT) and a synthetic peptide that would bind to DR5-a receptor that is overexpressed in cancer cells. The vector showed controlled degradation, favorable DNA condensation and protection performance. The Pluronic-PEI-DR5-TAT/DNA complexes at an N/P ratio of 15:1 were spherical nanoparticles of 122 ± 11.6 nm and a zeta potential of about 22 ± 2.8 mV. In vitro biological characterization results indicated that Pluronic-PEI-DR5-TAT/DNA complexes had a higher specificity for the DR5 receptor and were taken up more efficiently by tumor cells than normal cells, compared to complexes formed with PEI 25 kDa or Pluronic-PEI. Thus, the novel complexes showed much lower cytotoxicity to normal cells and higher gene transfection efficiency in tumor cells than that exhibited by PEI 25 kDa and Pluronic-PEI. In summary, our novel, degradable non-viral tumor-targeting vector is a promising candidate for use in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, The 425th Hospital of PLA, Sanya, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyan Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rubing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxia Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoyue Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China.
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Propoxylation of cationic polymers provides a novel approach to controllable modulation of their cellular toxicity and interaction with nucleic acids. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:60-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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24
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Bi Y, Zhang Y, Cui C, Ren L, Jiang X. Gene-silencing effects of anti-survivin siRNA delivered by RGDV-functionalized nanodiamond carrier in the breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5771-5787. [PMID: 27853365 PMCID: PMC5104303 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s117611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamond (ND) is a renowned material in nonviral small interfering RNA (siRNA) carrier field due to its unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. In our previous work, it was proven that ND could deliver siRNA into cells efficiently and downregulate the expression of desired protein. However, synthesizing a high-efficient tumor-targeting carrier using ND is still a challenge. In this study, a novel carrier, NDCONH(CH2)2NH-VDGR, was synthesized for siRNA delivery, and its properties were characterized with methods including Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, gel retardation assay, differential scanning calorimetry, confocal microscopy, releasing test, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, cytotoxicity assay, and gene-silencing efficacy assay in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of NDCONH(CH2)2NH-VDGR/survivin-siRNA-induced tumor apoptosis was evaluated via flow cytometer assay using Annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining method. The NDCONH(CH2)2NH-VDGR/survivin-siRNA nanoparticle with 60–110 nm diameter and 35.65±3.90 mV zeta potential was prepared. For real-time PCR assay, the results showed that the expression of survivin mRNA was reduced to 46.77%±6.3%. The expression of survivin protein was downregulated to 48.49%±2.25%, as evaluated by ELISA assay. MTT assay showed that NDCONH(CH2)2NH-VDGR/survivin-siRNA had an inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cell proliferation. According to these results, the survivin-siRNA could be delivered, transported, and released stably, which benefits in increasing the gene-silencing effect. Therefore, as an siRNA carrier, NDCONH(CH2)2NH-VDGR was suggested to be used in siRNA delivery system and in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhao Bi
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Cui
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Ren
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyun Jiang
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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25
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Ho W, Zhang XQ, Xu X. Biomaterials in siRNA Delivery: A Comprehensive Review. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2715-2731. [PMID: 27700013 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
With the dearth of effective treatment options for prominent diseases including Ebola and cancer, RNA interference (RNAi), a sequence-specific mechanism for genetic regulation that can silence nearly any gene, holds the promise of unlimited potential in treating illness ever since its discovery in 1999. Given the large size, unstable tertiary structure in physiological conditions and negative charge of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), the development of safe and effective delivery vehicles is of critical importance in order to drive the widespread use of RNAi therapeutics into clinical settings. Immense amounts of time and billions of dollars have been devoted into the design of novel and diverse delivery strategies, and there are a handful of delivery systems that have been successfully translated into clinic. This review provides an introduction to the in vivo barriers that need to be addressed by siRNA delivery systems. We also discuss the progress up to the most effective and clinically advanced siRNA delivery systems including liposomal, polymeric and siRNA conjugate delivery systems, as well as their design to overcome the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Ho
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Newark School of Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Newark School of Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Newark School of Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102 USA
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26
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Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation in vitro by double-stranded RNA nanoparticle against malaria topoisomerase II. Exp Parasitol 2016; 164:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Conjugates of small targeting molecules to non-viral vectors for the mediation of siRNA. Acta Biomater 2016; 36:21-41. [PMID: 27045350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To use siRNA (small interfering RNA) for gene therapy, a gene delivery system is often necessary to overcome several challenging requirements including rapid excretion, low stability in blood serum, non-specific accumulation in tissues, poor cellular uptake and inefficient intracellular release. Active and/or passive targeting should help the delivery system to reach the desired tissue or cell, to be internalized, and to deliver siRNA to the cytoplasm so that siRNA can inhibit protein synthesis. This review covers conjugates of small targeting molecules and non-viral delivery systems for the mediation of siRNA, with a focus on their transfection properties in order to help the development of new and efficient siRNA delivery systems, as the therapeutic solutions of tomorrow. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The delivery of siRNA into cells or tissues remains to be a challenge for its applications, an alternative strategy for siRNA delivery systems is direct conjugation of non-viral vectors with targeting moieties for cellular delivery. In comparison to macromolecules, small targeting molecules have attracted great attention due to their many potential advantages including significant simplicity and ease of production, good repeatability and biodegradability. This review will focus on the most recent advances in the delivery of siRNA using conjugates of small targeting molecules and non-viral delivery systems. Based the editor's suggestions, we hope the revised manuscript could provide more profound understanding to the conjugates of targeting molecules to vectors for mediation of siRNA.
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28
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Golan M, Feinshtein V, Polyak D, Scomparin A, Satchi-Fainaro R, David A. Inhibition of Gene Expression and Cancer Cell Migration by CD44v3/6-Targeted Polyion Complexes. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:947-60. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dina Polyak
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Anna Scomparin
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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29
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Zoetebier B, Sohrabi A, Lou B, Hempenius MA, Hennink WE, Vancso GJ. PEG stabilized DNA – poly(ferrocenylsilane) polyplexes for gene delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:7707-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02733d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycationic poly(ferrocenylsilane)s (PFS) with tunable amounts of PEG side chains were used for the condensation of DNA into polyplexes of 110 nm in 5.0 mM HEPES.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Zoetebier
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - A. Sohrabi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - B. Lou
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - M. A. Hempenius
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - W. E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - G. J. Vancso
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
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30
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Tang X, Lu P, Qiu M, Chen J, Ma L, Sun Y, Zheng F, Xu E, Sheng J, Su J. Screening PEGylated polyethylenimine derivatives for safe and efficient delivery of gene materials. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PEG–Et 1 : 1 was screened out for the safe and efficient gene delivery by precise design of PEGylated polymeric nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelan Tang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Ping Lu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200011
- China
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- College of Pharmacy
- Chicago State University
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Lin Ma
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200011
- China
| | - Yanan Sun
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Feng Zheng
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Enge Xu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Jing Sheng
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200011
- China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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31
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Towards Targeted Delivery Systems: Ligand Conjugation Strategies for mRNA Nanoparticle Tumor Vaccines. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:680620. [PMID: 26819957 PMCID: PMC4706915 DOI: 10.1155/2015/680620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles encapsulating messenger RNA (mRNA) as a vaccine has recently attracted much attention because of encouraging results achieved in many nonviral genetic antitumor vaccination studies. Notably, in all of these studies, mRNA nanoparticles are passively targeted to dendritic cells (DCs) through careful selection of vaccination sites. Hence, DC-targeted mRNA nanoparticle vaccines may be an imminent next step forward. In this brief report, we will discuss established conjugation strategies that have been successfully applied to both polymeric and liposomal gene delivery systems. We will also briefly describe promising DC surface receptors amenable for targeting mRNA nanoparticles. Practicable conjugation strategies and receptors reviewed in this paper will provide a convenient reference to facilitate future development of targeted mRNA nanoparticle vaccine.
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32
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Zhang Y, Chan JW, Moretti A, Uhrich KE. Designing polymers with sugar-based advantages for bioactive delivery applications. J Control Release 2015; 219:355-368. [PMID: 26423239 PMCID: PMC4656084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sugar-based polymers have been extensively explored as a means to increase drug delivery systems' biocompatibility and biodegradation. Here,we review he use of sugar-based polymers for drug delivery applications, with a particular focus on the utility of the sugar component(s) to provide benefits for drug targeting and stimuli responsive systems. Specifically, numerous synthetic methods have been developed to reliably modify naturally-occurring polysaccharides, conjugate sugar moieties to synthetic polymer scaffolds to generate glycopolymers, and utilize sugars as a multifunctional building block to develop sugar-linked polymers. The design of sugar-based polymer systems has tremendous implications on both the physiological and biological properties imparted by the saccharide units and are unique from synthetic polymers. These features include the ability of glycopolymers to preferentially target various cell types and tissues through receptor interactions, exhibit bioadhesion for prolonged residence time, and be rapidly recognized and internalized by cancer cells. Also discussed are the distinct stimuli-sensitive properties of saccharide-modified polymers to mediate drug release under desired conditions. Saccharide-based systems with inherent pH- and temperature-sensitive properties, as well as enzyme-cleavable polysaccharides for targeted bioactive delivery, are covered. Overall, this work emphasizes inherent benefits of sugar-containing polymer systems for bioactive delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jennifer W Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Alysha Moretti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kathryn E Uhrich
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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33
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Kim N, Yoo JJ, Atala A, Lee SJ. Combination of small RNAs for skeletal muscle regeneration. FASEB J 2015; 30:1198-206. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-271809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- NaJung Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - James J. Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
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34
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Zheng H, Wen S, Zhang Y, Sun Z. Organosilane and Polyethylene Glycol Functionalized Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Carriers for CpG Immunotherapy In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140265. [PMID: 26451735 PMCID: PMC4599948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosine-guanine (CpG) containing oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) have significant clinical potential as immunotherapeutics. However, limitations exist due to their transient biological stability in vivo, lack of specificity for target cells, and poor cellular uptake. To address these issues, we prepared amine magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (M-MSN-A) then further modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for use as CpG delivery vectors. The PEG modified M-MSN-A (M-MSN-P) had notable CpG ODN loading capacity, negligible cytotoxicity, and were easily internalized into cells where they released the loaded CpG into the cytoplasm. As a result, such complexes were effective in activating macrophages and inhibiting tumor cells when combined with chemotherapeutics in vitro. Furthermore, these complexes had excellent immuno-stimulating activity in vivo, compared to the free CpG therapeutics. We report here a highly effective MSNs-based delivery system with great potential as a therapeutic CpG formulation in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengrui Zheng
- Center for Medical Research, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Songsong Wen
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Tong Ren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Zhenliang Sun
- Fengxian Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 NanFeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
- * E-mail:
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35
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Wongrakpanich A, Wu M, Salem AK. Correlating intracellular nonviral polyplex localization with transfection efficiency using high-content screening. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1685-92. [PMID: 26193826 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
High-content screening (HCS) has gained interest in cellular imaging because of its ability to provide statistically significant data from multiple parameters simultaneously in cell-based assays. Although HCS has been mainly used in drug discovery, it has other potentially useful applications, such as elucidating the processes involved in nonviral gene vector-mediated gene delivery, as was explored in this study. HCS was used to measure transfection efficiency and cytotoxicities of polyplexes made from fluorescently labeled polyethylenimine (PEI) and pDNA encoding EGFP (pEGFP-N1). The results generated using HCS were confirmed using more conventional and labor-intensive methods. For the first time, a relationship between transfected cells and the number of polyplexes in the cytoplasm was shown. Four to five polyplex signals were found in the cytoplasm of successfully transfected cells, whilst nontransfected cells harbored less than one polyplex signal within the cytoplasm. HCS has the potential to be used as a tool in the field of gene delivery. HCS can not only simultaneously measure transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of various nonviral gene vectors; it can also be used to track such vectors through various subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaraporn Wongrakpanich
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241
| | - Meng Wu
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241.,The University of Iowa, High Throughput Screening Facility (UIHTS), College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241
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36
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Motoyama K, Mitsuyasu R, Akao C, Abu Hashim II, Sato N, Tanaka T, Higashi T, Arima H. Potential Use of Thioalkylated Mannose-Modified Dendrimer (G3)/α-Cyclodextrin Conjugate as an NF-κB siRNA Carrier for the Treatment of Fulminant Hepatitis. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3129-36. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500814f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Motoyama
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mitsuyasu
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Chiho Akao
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Irhan Ibrahim Abu Hashim
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nana Sato
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tanaka
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Taishi Higashi
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Arima
- Department
of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Program
for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary
and Glocal Oriented) Program”, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Rajasekaran D, Srivastava J, Ebeid K, Gredler R, Akiel M, Jariwala N, Robertson CL, Shen XN, Siddiq A, Fisher PB, Salem AK, Sarkar D. Combination of Nanoparticle-Delivered siRNA for Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) and All-trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA): An Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1651-61. [PMID: 26079152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal cancer with no effective therapy. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) plays a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis and inhibits retinoic acid-induced gene expression and cell death. The combination of a lentivirus expressing AEG-1 shRNA and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) profoundly and synergistically inhibited subcutaneous human HCC xenografts in nude mice. We have now developed liver-targeted nanoplexes by conjugating poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lactobionic acid (Gal) (PAMAM-PEG-Gal) which were complexed with AEG-1 siRNA (PAMAM-AEG-1si). The polymer conjugate was characterized by (1)H-NMR, MALDI, and mass spectrometry; and optimal nanoplex formulations were characterized for surface charge, size, and morphology. Orthotopic xenografts of human HCC cell QGY-7703 expressing luciferase (QGY-luc) were established in the livers of athymic nude mice and tumor development was monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Tumor-bearing mice were treated with PAMAM-siCon, PAMAM-siCon+ATRA, PAMAM-AEG-1si, and PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA. In the control group the tumor developed aggressively. ATRA showed little effect due to high AEG-1 levels in QGY-luc cells. PAMAM-AEG-1si showed significant reduction in tumor growth, and the combination of PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA showed profound and synergistic inhibition so that the tumors were almost undetectable by BLI. A marked decrease in AEG-1 level was observed in tumor samples treated with PAMAM-AEG-1si. The group treated with PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA nanoplexes showed increased necrosis, inhibition of proliferation, and increased apoptosis when compared to other groups. Liver is an ideal organ for RNAi therapy and ATRA is an approved anticancer agent. Our exciting observations suggest that the combinatorial approach might be an effective way to combat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraja Rajasekaran
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jyoti Srivastava
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Rachel Gredler
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Maaged Akiel
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Dag A, Zhao J, Stenzel MH. Origami with ABC Triblock Terpolymers Based on Glycopolymers: Creation of Virus-Like Morphologies. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:579-583. [PMID: 35596289 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Morphologies, that resemble viruses, were created using a single ABC triblock terpolymer poly(2-acryloylethyl-α-d-mannopyranoside)-b-poly(n-butyl acrylate)-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PAcManA70-b-PBA369-b-PVP370). Morphologies ranging from flower-like micelles, cylindrical micelles, raspberry-like morphologies to nanocaterpillars were obtained by adjusting the pH value during the self-assembly process. The resulting nanoparticles had an abundance of mannose on the surface, which were recognized by the mannose receptors of RAW264.7, a macrophage cell line that can be used as a model for virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydan Dag
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School
of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jiacheng Zhao
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School
of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School
of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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39
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Scomparin A, Polyak D, Krivitsky A, Satchi-Fainaro R. Achieving successful delivery of oligonucleotides--From physico-chemical characterization to in vivo evaluation. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1294-309. [PMID: 25916823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference is one of the most promising fields in modern medicine to treat several diseases, ranging from cancer to cardiac diseases, passing through viral infections and metabolic pathologies. Since the discovery of the potential therapeutic properties of non-self oligonucleotides, it was clear that it is important to develop delivery systems that are able to increase plasma stability and bestow membrane-crossing abilities to the oligonucleotides in order to reach their cytoplasmic targets. Polymer therapeutics, among other systems, are widely investigated as delivery systems for therapeutic agents, such as oligonucleotides. Physico-chemical characterization of the supramolecular polyplexes obtained upon charge interaction or covalent conjugation between the polymeric carrier and the oligonucleotides is critical. Appropriate characterization is fundamental in order to predict and understand the in vivo silencing efficacy and to avoid undesired side effects and toxicity profile. Shedding light on the physico-chemical and in vitro requirements of a polyplex leads to an efficient in vivo delivery system for RNAi therapeutics. In this review, we will present the most common techniques for characterization of obtained polymer/oligonucleotide polyplexes and an up-to-date state of the art in vivo preclinical and clinical studies. This is the first review to deal with the difficulties in appropriate characterization of small interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA) polyplexes and conjugates which limit the clinical translation of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scomparin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dina Polyak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Adva Krivitsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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40
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Raviv L, Jaron-Mendelson M, David A. Mannosylated Polyion Complexes for In Vivo Gene Delivery into CD11c+ Dendritic Cells. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:453-62. [DOI: 10.1021/mp5005492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lior Raviv
- Department
of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of
Health Sciences, §The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty
of Health Sciences, and ‡Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Michal Jaron-Mendelson
- Department
of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of
Health Sciences, §The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty
of Health Sciences, and ‡Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Ayelet David
- Department
of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of
Health Sciences, §The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty
of Health Sciences, and ‡Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
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41
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Miteva M, Kirkbride KC, Kilchrist KV, Werfel TA, Li H, Nelson CE, Gupta MK, Giorgio TD, Duvall CL. Tuning PEGylation of mixed micelles to overcome intracellular and systemic siRNA delivery barriers. Biomaterials 2014; 38:97-107. [PMID: 25453977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of endosomolytic mixed micelles was synthesized from two diblock polymers, poly[ethylene glycol-b-(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-propylacrylic acid-co-butyl methacrylate)] (PEG-b-pDPB) and poly[dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-b-(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-propylacrylic acid-co-butyl methacrylate)] (pD-b-pDPB), and used to determine the impact of both surface PEG density and PEG molecular weight on overcoming both intracellular and systemic siRNA delivery barriers. As expected, the percent PEG composition and PEG molecular weight in the corona had an inverse relationship with mixed micelle zeta potential and rate of cellular internalization. Although mixed micelles were internalized more slowly, they generally produced similar gene silencing bioactivity (∼ 80% or greater) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells as the micelles containing no PEG (100 D/no PEG). The mechanistic explanation for the potent bioactivity of the promising 50 mol% PEG-b-DPB/50 mol% pD-b-pDPB (50 D) mixed micelle formulation, despite its relatively low rate of cellular internalization, was further investigated as a function of PEG molecular weight (5 k, 10 k, or 20 k PEG). Results indicated that, although larger molecular weight PEG decreased cellular internalization, it improved cytoplasmic bioavailability due to increased intracellular unpackaging (quantitatively measured via FRET) and endosomal release. When delivered intravenously in vivo, 50 D mixed micelles with a larger molecular weight PEG in the corona also demonstrated significantly improved blood circulation half-life (17.8 min for 20 k PEG micelles vs. 4.6 min for 5 kDa PEG micelles) and a 4-fold decrease in lung accumulation. These studies provide new mechanistic insights into the functional effects of mixed micelle-based approaches to nanocarrier surface PEGylation. Furthermore, the ideal mixed micelle formulation identified (50 D/20 k PEG) demonstrated desirable intracellular and systemic pharmacokinetics and thus has strong potential for in vivo therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Miteva
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Kellye C Kirkbride
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Kameron V Kilchrist
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Thomas A Werfel
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Hongmei Li
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Christopher E Nelson
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Mukesh K Gupta
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Todd D Giorgio
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351631, Nashville, TN 37235-1631, USA.
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42
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Chandran PL, Dimitriadis EK, Lisziewicz J, Speransky V, Horkay F. DNA nanoparticles with core-shell morphology. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:7653-60. [PMID: 25137385 PMCID: PMC4348574 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00908h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mannobiose-modified polyethylenimines (PEI) are used in gene therapy to generate nanoparticles of DNA that can be targeted to the antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. We report that the sugar modification alters the DNA organization within the nanoparticles from homogenous to shell-like packing. The depth-dependent packing of DNA within the nanoparticles was probed using AFM nano-indentation. Unmodified PEI-DNA nanoparticles display linear elastic properties and depth-independent mechanics, characteristic of homogenous materials. Mannobiose-modified nanoparticles, however, showed distinct force regimes that were dependent on indentation depth, with 'buckling'-like response that is reproducible and not due to particle failure. By comparison with theoretical studies of spherical shell mechanics, the structure of mannobiosylated particles was deduced to be a thin shell with wall thickness in the order of few nanometers, and a fluid-filled core. The shell-core structure is also consistent with observations of nanoparticle denting in altered solution conditions, with measurements of nanoparticle water content from AFM images, and with images of DNA distribution in Transmission Electron Microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi L. Chandran
- Section on Tissue Biophysics and Biomimetics, PPITS, NICHD
- Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, NIBIB, Bldg 13, 13 South Drive, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emilios K. Dimitriadis
- Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, NIBIB, Bldg 13, 13 South Drive, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Vlad Speransky
- Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, NIBIB, Bldg 13, 13 South Drive, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ferenc Horkay
- Section on Tissue Biophysics and Biomimetics, PPITS, NICHD
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Motoyama K, Mitsuyasu R, Akao C, Tanaka T, Ohyama A, Sato N, Higashi T, Arima H. Design and evaluation of thioalkylated mannose-modified dendrimer (G3)/α-cyclodextrin conjugates as antigen-presenting cell-selective siRNA carriers. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:1298-308. [PMID: 25236864 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To design and evaluate the potential use of thioalkylated mannose-modified dendrimer (generation 3; G3) conjugates with α-cyclodextrin (Man-S-α-CDE (G3)) as novel antigen-presenting cell (APC)-selective siRNA carriers, we investigated the RNAi effects of siRNA complexes with Man-S-α-CDEs (G3). Man-S-α-CDE (G3, average degree of substitution of mannose (DSM) 4)/siRNA complex had the potent RNAi effects in both NR8383 cells, a rat alveolar macrophage cell line, and JAWSII cells, a mouse dendritic cell line, through adequate physicochemical properties, mannose receptor (MR)-mediated cellular uptake, and efficient phagosomal escape of the siRNA complex. In addition, cytotoxic activities of the siRNA complexes with α-CDE (G3, DS2) and Man-S-α-CDE (G3, DSM4) were almost negligible up to a charge ratio of 100 (carrier/siRNA). Taken together, these results suggest that Man-S-α-CDE (G3, DSM4) has the potential for a novel APC-selective siRNA carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Motoyama
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
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44
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Glycosylation-mediated targeting of carriers. J Control Release 2014; 190:542-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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45
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Galactomannan-PEI based non-viral vectors for targeted delivery of plasmid to macrophages and hepatocytes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 87:461-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Giorgi ME, Agusti R, de Lederkremer RM. Carbohydrate PEGylation, an approach to improve pharmacological potency. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1433-44. [PMID: 24991298 PMCID: PMC4077506 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEG), known as PEGylation, has been widely used to improve the bioavailability of proteins and low molecular weight drugs. The covalent conjugation of PEG to the carbohydrate moiety of a protein has been mainly used to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of the attached protein while yielding a more defined product. Thus, glycoPEGylation was successfully applied to the introduction of a PEGylated sialic acid to a preexisting or enzymatically linked glycan in a protein. Carbohydrates are now recognized as playing an important role in host–pathogen interactions in protozoal, bacterial and viral infections and are consequently candidates for chemotherapy. The short in vivo half-life of low molecular weight glycans hampered their use but methods for the covalent attachment of PEG have been less exploited. In this review, information on the preparation and application of PEG-carbohydrates, in particular multiarm PEGylation, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eugenia Giorgi
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosalía Agusti
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosa M de Lederkremer
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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47
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Han HD, Byeon Y, Jeon HN, Shin BC. Enhanced localization of anticancer drug in tumor tissue using polyethylenimine-conjugated cationic liposomes. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:209. [PMID: 24855464 PMCID: PMC4014089 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Liposome-based drug delivery systems hold great potential for cancer therapy. However, to enhance the localization of payloads, an efficient method of systemic delivery of liposomes to tumor tissues is required. In this study, we developed cationic liposomes composed of polyethylenimine (PEI)-conjugated distearoylglycerophosphoethanolamine (DSPE) as an enhanced local drug delivery system. The particle size of DSPE-PEI liposomes was 130 ± 10 nm and the zeta potential of liposomes was increased from -25 to 30 mV by the incorporation of cationic PEI onto the liposomal membrane. Intracellular uptake of DSPE-PEI liposomes by tumor cells was 14-fold higher than that of DSPE liposomes. After intratumoral injection of liposomes into tumor-bearing mice, DSPE-PEI liposomes showed higher and sustained localization in tumor tissue compared to DSPE liposomes. Taken together, our findings suggest that DSPE-PEI liposomes have the potential to be used as effective drug carriers for enhanced intracellular uptake and localization of anticancer drugs in tumor tissue through intratumoral injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Dong Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwondaero, Chungjusi, Chungcheongbukdo 380-701, South Korea
| | - Yeongseon Byeon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwondaero, Chungjusi, Chungcheongbukdo 380-701, South Korea
| | - Hat Nim Jeon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwondaero, Chungjusi, Chungcheongbukdo 380-701, South Korea
| | - Byung Cheol Shin
- Research Center for Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Drug Discovery Research, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, South Korea
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48
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Gutsch D, Appelhans D, Höbel S, Voit B, Aigner A. Biocompatibility and Efficacy of Oligomaltose-Grafted Poly(ethylene imine)s (OM-PEIs) for in Vivo Gene Delivery. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:4666-75. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400479g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gutsch
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute
for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabrina Höbel
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute
for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Organische
Chemie der Polymere, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute
for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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49
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Darvishi MH, Nomani A, Amini M, Shokrgozar MA, Dinarvand R. Novel biotinylated chitosan-graft-polyethyleneimine copolymer as a targeted non-viral vector for anti-EGF receptor siRNA delivery in cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:408-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Gajbhiye V, Gong S. Lectin functionalized nanocarriers for gene delivery. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:552-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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