1
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Han X, Zhu P, Zhang G. Novel β-cyclodextrin based copolymers: fabrication, characterization and in vitro release behavior. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:77-92. [PMID: 34602005 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1980358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel cyclodextrin-contained copolymer poly(AAc-co-SA-AC-co-allyl-β-CD) was synthesized based on the method of redox radical polymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra were used to study the structure of the obtained copolymer. The molecular weight of the copolymer was studied by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated by a solvent evaporation method. The morphology and particle size distribution of the cargo-free NPs were investigated with transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and laser particle analyzer, respectively. Curcumin (Cur) was selected as a model drug and encapsulated into the above NPs. The distribution of Cur in the drug-loaded NPs was analyzed by the method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, the release profiles of Cur from Cur-loaded NPs were studied in pH 6.8 and 7.4 buffers. The results of FTIR and 1H NMR spectra confirmed the successful synthesis of poly(AAc-co-SA-AC-co-allyl-β-CD). GPC curve proved that the molecular weight of the copolymer was more than 60 kDa. TEM and AFM images illustrated that the cargo-free NPs were in spherical shape with a diameter about 40 nm. XRD patterns and DSC curves indicated that most of Cur distributed in the Cur-loaded NPs with amorphous state. Importantly, the medicated NPs showed sustained release characteristics toward Cur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- College of Equipment Management and Supportability, Engineering University of People's Armed Police, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pinpin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoquan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Raval J, Trivedi R, Suman S, Kukrety A, Prajapati P. NANO-BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS INNOVATIVE PERSPECTIVE IN DIABETES MANAGEMENT. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:89-114. [PMID: 34165408 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210623164052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes occurs due to the imbalance of glucose in the body known as glucose homeostasis, thus leading to metabolic changes in the body. The two stages hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia classify diabetes into various categories. Various bio-nanotechnological approaches are coupled up with nano particulates, polymers, liposome, various gold plated and solid lipid particulates, regulating transcellular transport, non specific cellular uptake, and paracellular transport, leading to oral, trans-dermal , pulmonary, buccal , nasal , specific gene oriented administration to avoid the patient's non compliance with the parental routes of administration. Phytochemicals are emerging strategies for the future prospects of diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Raval
- Institute of Research and Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar-382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Riddhi Trivedi
- Institute of Research and Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar-382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Sonali Suman
- CDSCO, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380003, India
| | | | - Prajesh Prajapati
- Institute of Research and Development, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar-382007, Gujarat, India
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3
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Wright L, Joyce P, Barnes TJ, Lundmark R, Bergström CAS, Hubert M, Prestidge CA. A Comparison of Chitosan, Mesoporous Silica and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid Nanocarriers for Optimising Intestinal Uptake of Oral Protein Therapeutics. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:217-227. [PMID: 32979363 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Efficacious oral delivery of therapeutic proteins remains challenging and nanoparticulate approaches are gaining interest for enhancing their permeability. In this study, we explore the ability for three comparably sized nanocarriers, with diverse physicochemical properties [i.e., chitosan (CSNP), mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNP) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA-NP)], to successfully facilitate epithelial uptake of a model protein, ovalbumin (OVA). We report the effect of nanoparticle surface chemistry and nanostructure on protein release, cell toxicity and the uptake mechanism in a Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell model of the intestinal epithelium. All nanocarriers exhibited bi-phasic OVA release kinetics with sustained and incomplete release after 4 days, and more pronounced release from MSNP than either polymeric nanocarriers. CSNP and MSNP displayed the highest cellular uptake, however CSNP was prone to significant dose-dependent toxicity attributed to the cationic surface charge. Approximately 25% of MSNP uptake was governed by a clathrin-independent endocytic mechanism, while CSNP and PLGA-NP uptake was not controlled via any endocytic mechanisms investigated herein. Furthermore, endosomal localisation was observed for CSNP and MSNP, but not for PLGA-NP. These findings may assist in the optimal choice and engineering of nanocarriers for specific intestinal permeation enhancement for oral protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Wright
- UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul Joyce
- UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy J Barnes
- UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard Lundmark
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christel A S Bergström
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; The Swedish Drug Delivery Center, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Madlen Hubert
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science, Adelaide, Australia.
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4
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Inchaurraga L, Martínez-López AL, Martin-Arbella N, Irache JM. Zein-based nanoparticles for the oral delivery of insulin. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1601-1611. [PMID: 32514704 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate oral nanocarriers, prepared from zein nanoparticles coated with a poly(anhydride)-thiamine conjugate (GT), for the delivery of insulin. Nanoparticles displayed a size of 250 nm with a negative surface charge, and an insulin loading of 80 μg/mg. Under simulated gastric conditions, GT-coated nanoparticles released a significantly lower amount of insulin than bare ones; whereas in simulated intestinal conditions, both types of nanoparticles displayed a similar behavior. The effect of insulin on the lipid metabolism of C. elegans under high glucose conditions, characterized by a reduction of the fat content, was also investigated. The effect was significantly higher for the nanoencapsulated forms of insulin than for the free protein (p < 0.001). This effect was two times higher for GT-coated nanoparticles than for bare ones. In rats, the hypoglycemic effect and the pharmacokinetic profile of insulin-loaded nanoparticles orally administered (50 IU/kg) were evaluated. The glycemia of animals slowly decreased reaching a minimum 6-10-h post-administration, with a maximum decrease of about 60%. The pharmacological availability of nanoencapsulated insulin was 13.5%. In serum, nanoparticles provided a maximum of insulin 4-h post-administration, and its relative oral bioavailability was 5.2% (compared with a sc formulation of insulin). Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Inchaurraga
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana L Martínez-López
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nekane Martin-Arbella
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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5
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Han Y, Gao Z, Chen L, Kang L, Huang W, Jin M, Wang Q, Bae YH. Multifunctional oral delivery systems for enhanced bioavailability of therapeutic peptides/proteins. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:902-922. [PMID: 31649842 PMCID: PMC6804447 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In last few years, therapeutic peptides/proteins are rapidly growing in drug market considering their higher efficiency and lower toxicity than chemical drugs. However, the administration of therapeutic peptides/proteins is mainly limited in parenteral approach. Oral therapy which was hampered by harsh gastrointestinal environment and poorly penetrating epithelial barriers often results in low bioavailability (less than 1%-2%). Therefore, delivery systems that are rationally designed to overcome these challenges in gastrointestinal tract and ameliorate the oral bioavailability of therapeutic peptides/proteins are seriously promising. In this review, we summarized various multifunctional delivery systems, including lipid-based particles, polysaccharide-based particles, inorganic particles, and synthetic multifunctional particles that achieved effective oral delivery of therapeutic peptides/proteins.
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6
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Guo F, Huang D, Zhang W, Yan Q, Yang Q, Yang Y, Li H, Yun J, Hong W, Yang G. Star-shaped polyester-based elastomers as an implantable delivery system for insulin: Development, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and biocompatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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7
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Harloff-Helleberg S, Nielsen LH, Nielsen HM. Animal models for evaluation of oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. J Control Release 2017; 268:57-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Zhang L, Zhang YX, Qiu JN, Li J, Chen W, Guan YQ. Preparation and Characterization of Hypoglycemic Nanoparticles for Oral Insulin Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4281-4291. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhang
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jia-Ni Qiu
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wuya Chen
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yan-Qing Guan
- School
of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Joint Laboratory of Laser Oncology with Cancer Center of Sun Yet-sen University, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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9
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Ansary RH, Rahman MM, Mohamad N, Arrif TM, Latif AZA, Katas H, Nik WSBW, Awang MB. Controlled Release of Lysozyme from Double-Walled Poly(Lactide-Co-Glycolide) (PLGA) Microspheres. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E485. [PMID: 30965787 PMCID: PMC6418743 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-walled microspheres based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) are potential delivery systems for reducing a very high initial burst release of encapsulated protein and peptide drugs. In this study, double-walled microspheres made of glucose core, hydroxyl-terminated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (Glu-PLGA), and carboxyl-terminated PLGA were fabricated using a modified water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water (w1/o/o/w2) emulsion solvent evaporation technique for the controlled release of a model protein, lysozyme. Microspheres size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, lysozyme in vitro release profiles, bioactivity, and structural integrity, were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that double-walled microspheres comprising of Glu-PLGA and PLGA with a mass ratio of 1:1 have a spherical shape and smooth surfaces. A statistically significant increase in the encapsulation efficiency (82.52% ± 3.28%) was achieved when 1% (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 2.5% (w/v) trehalose were incorporated in the internal and external aqueous phase, respectively, during emulsification. Double-walled microspheres prepared together with excipients (PVA and trehalose) showed a better control release of lysozyme. The released lysozyme was fully bioactive, and its structural integrity was slightly affected during microspheres fabrication and in vitro release studies. Therefore, double-walled microspheres made of Glu-PLGA and PLGA together with excipients (PVA and trehalose) provide a controlled and sustained release for lysozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezaul H Ansary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Mokhlesur M Rahman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia.
- Institute for Community Development & Quality of Life (i-CODE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Nasir Mohamad
- Institute for Community Development & Quality of Life (i-CODE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Tengku M Arrif
- Institute for Community Development & Quality of Life (i-CODE), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Zubaidi A Latif
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Haliza Katas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Sani B Wan Nik
- School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamed B Awang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia.
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10
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Ganugula R, Arora M, Guada M, Saini P, Kumar MNVR. Noncompetitive Active Transport Exploiting Intestinal Transferrin Receptors for Oral Delivery of Proteins by Tunable Nanoplatform. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:161-164. [PMID: 35632886 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a "thinking-outside-the-box", tunable nanoplatform for oral delivery of proteins using insulin as a model protein. These nanosystems offer noncompetitive active transport exploiting transferrin receptors present in the intestine and permit tailored release in vivo. Such delivery approaches have the potential to individualize insulin therapy to a regimen that is compatible with the patient's glucose profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Ganugula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Reynolds Medical Building, TAMU Mailstop 1114, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Meenakshi Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Reynolds Medical Building, TAMU Mailstop 1114, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Melissa Guada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Reynolds Medical Building, TAMU Mailstop 1114, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Prabhjot Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Reynolds Medical Building, TAMU Mailstop 1114, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Majeti N. V. Ravi Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Reynolds Medical Building, TAMU Mailstop 1114, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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11
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Lakkireddy HR, Urmann M, Besenius M, Werner U, Haack T, Brun P, Alié J, Illel B, Hortala L, Vogel R, Bazile D. Oral delivery of diabetes peptides - Comparing standard formulations incorporating functional excipients and nanotechnologies in the translational context. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:196-222. [PMID: 26964477 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While some orally delivered diabetes peptides are moving to late development with standard formulations incorporating functional excipients, the demonstration of the value of nanotechnology in clinic is still at an early stage. The goal of this review is to compare these two drug delivery approaches from a physico-chemical and a biopharmaceutical standpoint in an attempt to define how nanotechnology-based products can be differentiated from standard oral dosage forms for oral bioavailability of diabetes peptides. Points to consider in a translational approach are outlined to seize the opportunities offered by a better understanding of both the intestinal barrier and of nano-carriers designed for oral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harivardhan Reddy Lakkireddy
- Drug Delivery Technologies and Innovation, Pharmaceutical Sciences Operations, Lead Generation and Candidate Realization, Sanofi Research and Development, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Matthias Urmann
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Melissa Besenius
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Werner
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Torsten Haack
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Priscilla Brun
- Disposition Safety and Animal Research, Sanofi Research and Development, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Alié
- Analytical Sciences, Lead Generation and Candidate Realization, Sanofi Research and Development, Montpellier, France
| | - Brigitte Illel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Operations, Lead Generation and Candidate Realization, Sanofi Research and Development, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Hortala
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Operations, Lead Generation and Candidate Realization, Sanofi Research and Development, Montpellier, France
| | - Rachel Vogel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Operations, Lead Generation and Candidate Realization, Sanofi Research and Development, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Bazile
- Drug Delivery Technologies and Innovation, Pharmaceutical Sciences Operations, Lead Generation and Candidate Realization, Sanofi Research and Development, Vitry-sur-Seine, France.
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12
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Griffin BT, Guo J, Presas E, Donovan MD, Alonso MJ, O'Driscoll CM. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and biodistribution following oral administration of nanocarriers containing peptide and protein drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:367-380. [PMID: 27320644 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The influence of nanoparticle (NP) formulations on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and biodistribution profiles of peptide- and protein-like drugs following oral administration is critically reviewed. The possible mechanisms of absorption enhancement and the effects of the physicochemical properties of the NP are examined. The potential advantages and challenges of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling to help predict efficacy in man are discussed. The importance of developing and expanding the regulatory framework to help translate the technology into the clinic and accelerate the availability of oral nanoparticulate formulations is emphasized. In conclusion, opportunities for future work to improve the state of the art of oral nanomedicines are identified.
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13
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Mante A, Heider M, Zlomke C, Mäder K. PLGA nanoparticles for peroral delivery: How important is pancreatic digestion and can we control it? Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 108:32-40. [PMID: 27553262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable nanoparticles made of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) are increasingly proposed for the improvement of oral drug absorption, but also as carriers for the treatment of colonic diseases. Unfortunately, our knowledge of the digestibility of PLGA-NPs is rather limited. Therefore, we investigated the impact of pancreatin on the digestibility of PLGA-NPs stabilized with different emulsifiers. The pancreatin induced degradation was monitored by the pH-stat method and an enzymatic l-lactic acid assay. A high digestibility was found for poloxamer 188 and polysorbate 80 stabilized PLGA-NPs. The digestion could be blocked by Orlistat, indicating a major role of pancreatic lipase. PLGA-NPs stabilized with Poly(vinyl alcohol) (=PVA) were not digested at comparable surfactant concentrations (0.6%). However, PLGA-NPs stabilized with very low amounts of PVA (0.1%) were digestible. In conclusion, PLGA-NPs are substrates for the pancreatic lipase. The digestibility can be enhanced or blocked by the proper selection of the surfactant composition and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Mante
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Martha Heider
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Christin Zlomke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany. http://pharmtech.pharmazie.uni-halle.de
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14
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Navarro SM, Morgan TW, Astete CE, Stout RW, Coulon D, Mottram P, Sabliov CM. Biodistribution and toxicity of orally administered poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles to F344 rats for 21 days. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1653-69. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Quantify the biodistribution and assess the toxicity of PLGA (poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid) and surface-modified PLGA chitosan (PLGA/Chi) nanoparticles (NPs) orally administered for 7, 14 and 21 days to F344 rats. Materials & methods: Fluorescent NPs were tracked in F344 rat tissues, and toxicity was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase levels, and by histologic examination of tissue samples. Results: Biodistribution of PLGA and PLGA/Chi were similar, with highest amounts found in the intestine and liver. Alkaline phosphatase increased significantly in treated rats. Mild histological differences were detected in the intestine and liver. Conclusion: PLGA and PLGA/Chi NPs behaved similarly presenting minimal toxicity in the liver and intestine, but not in kidney, lung and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Navarro
- 149 EB Doran Bldg., Biological & Agricultural Engineering Department, LSU & LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Timothy W Morgan
- A1218 Pathobiology & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762-6100, USA
| | - Carlos E Astete
- 149 EB Doran Bldg., Biological & Agricultural Engineering Department, LSU & LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Rhett W Stout
- 1527 Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, LSU, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Diana Coulon
- 149 EB Doran Bldg., Biological & Agricultural Engineering Department, LSU & LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Peter Mottram
- 1527 Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, LSU, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Cristina M Sabliov
- 149 EB Doran Bldg., Biological & Agricultural Engineering Department, LSU & LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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15
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Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release studies of insulin-loaded double-walled poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2016; 6:308-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Matteucci E, Giampietro O, Covolan V, Giustarini D, Fanti P, Rossi R. Insulin administration: present strategies and future directions for a noninvasive (possibly more physiological) delivery. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:3109-18. [PMID: 26124635 PMCID: PMC4476457 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s79322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin is a life-saving medication for people with type 1 diabetes, but traditional insulin replacement therapy is based on multiple daily subcutaneous injections or continuous subcutaneous pump-regulated infusion. Nonphysiologic delivery of subcutaneous insulin implies a rapid and sustained increase in systemic insulin levels due to the loss of concentration gradient between portal and systemic circulations. In fact, the liver degrades about half of the endogenous insulin secreted by the pancreas into the venous portal system. The reverse insulin distribution has short- and long-term effects on glucose metabolism. Thus, researchers have explored less-invasive administration routes based on innovative pharmaceutical formulations, which preserve hormone stability and ensure the therapeutic effectiveness. This review examines some of the recent proposals from clinical and material chemistry point of view, giving particular attention to patients' (and diabetologists') ideal requirements that organic chemistry could meet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Matteucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Siena, Italy
| | - Ottavio Giampietro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Siena, Italy
| | - Vera Covolan
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Giustarini
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Fanti
- Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, South Texas Veteran Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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17
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Biodistribution of PLGA and PLGA/chitosan nanoparticles after repeat-dose oral delivery in F344 rats for 7 days. Ther Deliv 2015; 5:1191-201. [PMID: 25491670 DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To quantify in vivo the biodistribution of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and PLGA/chitosan nanoparticles (PLGA/Chi NPs) and assess if the positive charge of chitosan significantly enhances nanoparticle absorption in the GI tract. MATERIAL & METHODS PLGA and PLGA/Chi NPs covalently linked to tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate (TRITC) were orally administered to F344 rats for 7 days, and the biodistribution of fluorescent NPs was analyzed in different organs. RESULTS The highest amount of particles (% total dose/g) was detected for both treatments in the spleen, followed by intestine and kidney, and then by liver, lung, heart and brain, with no significant difference between PLGA and PLGA/Chi NPs. CONCLUSION Only a small percentage of orally delivered NPs was detected in the analyzed organs. The positive charge conferred by chitosan was not sufficient to improve the absorption of the PLGA/Chi NPs over that of PLGA NPs.
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Andreani T, Miziara L, Lorenzón EN, de Souza ALR, Kiill CP, Fangueiro JF, Garcia ML, Gremião PD, Silva AM, Souto EB. Effect of mucoadhesive polymers on the in vitro performance of insulin-loaded silica nanoparticles: Interactions with mucin and biomembrane models. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 93:118-26. [PMID: 25843239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present paper focuses on the development and characterization of silica nanoparticles (SiNP) coated with hydrophilic polymers as mucoadhesive carriers for oral administration of insulin. SiNP were prepared by sol-gel technology under mild conditions and coated with different hydrophilic polymers, namely, chitosan, sodium alginate or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with low and high molecular weight (PEG 6000 and PEG 20000) to increase the residence time at intestinal mucosa. The mean size and size distribution, association efficiency, insulin structure and insulin thermal denaturation have been determined. The mean nanoparticle diameter ranged from 289 nm to 625 nm with a PI between 0.251 and 0.580. The insulin association efficiency in SiNP was recorded above 70%. After coating, the association efficiency of insulin increased up to 90%, showing the high affinity of the protein to the hydrophilic polymer chains. Circular dichroism (CD) indicated that no conformation changes of insulin structure occurred after loading the peptide into SiNP. Nano-differential scanning calorimetry (nDSC) showed that SiNP shifted the insulin endothermic peak to higher temperatures. The influence of coating on the interaction of nanoparticles with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) biomembrane models was also evaluated by nDSC. The increase of ΔH values suggested a strong association of non-coated SiNP and those PEGylated nanoparticles coated with DPPC polar heads by forming hydrogen bonds and/or by electrostatic interaction. The mucoadhesive properties of nanoparticles were examined by studying the interaction with mucin in aqueous solution. SiNP coated with alginate or chitosan showed high contact with mucin. On the other hand, non-coated SiNP and PEGylated SiNP showed lower interaction with mucin, indicating that these nanoparticles can interdiffuse across mucus network. The results of the present work provide valuable data in assessing the in vitro performance of insulin-loaded SiNP coated with mucoadhesive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Andreani
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Tras-os Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Miziara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, Km. 01, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Esteban N Lorenzón
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza R de Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, Km. 01, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Charlene P Kiill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, Km. 01, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joana F Fangueiro
- Research Centre for Biomedicine (CEBIMED), Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril, 349, P-4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria L Garcia
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Barcelona University, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Palmira D Gremião
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, Km. 01, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amélia M Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Tras-os Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology & Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC-IBILI), University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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19
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Fonte P, Araújo F, Silva C, Pereira C, Reis S, Santos HA, Sarmento B. Polymer-based nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery: Revisited approaches. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1342-54. [PMID: 25728065 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a high prevalence and one of the most severe and lethal diseases in the world. Insulin is commonly used to treat diabetes in order to give patients a better life condition. However, due to bioavailability problems, the most common route of insulin administration is the subcutaneous route, which may present patients compliance problems to treatment. The oral administration is thus considered the most convenient alternative to deliver insulin, but it faces important challenges. The low stability of insulin in the gastrointestinal tract and low intestinal permeation, are problems to overcome. Therefore, the encapsulation of insulin into polymer-based nanoparticles is presented as a good strategy to improve insulin oral bioavailability. In the last years, different strategies and polymers have been used to encapsulate insulin and deliver it orally. Polymers with distinct properties from natural or synthetic sources have been used to achieve this aim, and among them may be found chitosan, dextran, alginate, poly(γ-glutamic acid), hyaluronic acid, poly(lactic acid), poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid), polycaprolactone (PCL), acrylic polymers and polyallylamine. Promising studies have been developed and positive results were obtained, but there is not a polymeric-based nanoparticle system to deliver insulin orally available in the market yet. There is also a lack of long term toxicity studies about the safety of the developed carriers. Thus, the aims of this review are first to provide a deep understanding on the oral delivery of insulin and the possible routes for its uptake, and then to overview the evolution of this field in the last years of research of insulin-loaded polymer-based nanoparticles in the academic and industrial fields. Toxicity concerns of the discussed nanocarriers are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Fonte
- REQUINTE, Department of Chemical Sciences-Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Francisca Araújo
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal; ICBAS-Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cátia Silva
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salette Reis
- REQUINTE, Department of Chemical Sciences-Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
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Devrim B, Bozkır A. Preparation and evaluation of double-walled microparticles prepared with a modified water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water (w1/o/o/w3) method. J Microencapsul 2013; 30:741-54. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2013.788082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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