1
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Differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells to pancreatic β-like cells in alginate/trimethyl chitosan/alginate microcapsules. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:273-280. [PMID: 35802251 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is one of the proposed treatments for diabetes. Cell encapsulation and differentiation inside the biodegradable polymers overcome the limitations such as islet deficiency and the host immune responses. This study was set to encapsulate the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and differentiate them into insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Human bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were encapsulated in alginate/trimethyl chitosan/alginate (Alg/TMC/Alg) coating. At first, morphology and swelling properties of the cell-free microcapsules were investigated. Next, a three-step protocol was used in the presence of exendin-4 and nicotinamide to differentiate hBM-MSCs into IPCs. Viability of the encapsulated cells was investigated using MTT assay. The differentiated cells were analyzed using a real-time RT-PCR to investigate Glut-2, Insulin, Pdx-1, Ngn-3, nestin, and Isl-1 gene expression. The results revealed that differentiation of the encapsulated cells was higher than non-encapsulated cells. Also, dithizone staining in two-dimensional (2D) environment showed the differentiated cell clusters. In summary, here, hBM-MSCs after encapsulation in Alg/TMC/Alg microcapsules, as a new design, were differentiated properly in the presence of exendin-4 and nicotinamide as main inducers. A three-dimensional (3D) matrix is more similar to the native ECM in the body and prepares higher cell-cell contacts.
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2
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Aghlara-Fotovat S, Nash A, Kim B, Krencik R, Veiseh O. Targeting the extracellular matrix for immunomodulation: applications in drug delivery and cell therapies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2394-2413. [PMID: 34176099 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Host immune cells interact bi-directionally with their extracellular matrix (ECM) to receive and deposit molecular signals, which orchestrate cellular activation, proliferation, differentiation, and function to maintain healthy tissue homeostasis. In response to pathogens or damage, immune cells infiltrate diseased sites and synthesize critical ECM molecules such as glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans to promote healing. When the immune system misidentifies pathogens or fails to survey damaged cells effectively, maladies such as chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer can develop. In these conditions, it is essential to restore balance to the body through modulation of the immune system and the ECM. This review details the components of dysregulated ECM implicated in pathogenic environments and therapeutic approaches to restore tissue homeostasis. We evaluate emerging strategies to overcome inflamed, immune inhibitory, and otherwise diseased microenvironments, including mechanical stimulation, targeted proteases, adoptive cell therapy, mechanomedicine, and biomaterial-based cell therapeutics. We highlight various strategies that have produced efficacious responses in both pre-clinical and human trials and identify additional opportunities to develop next-generation interventions. Significantly, we identify a need for therapies to address dense or fibrotic tissue for the treatment of organ tissue damage and various cancer subtypes. Finally, we conclude that therapeutic techniques that disrupt, evade, or specifically target the pathogenic microenvironment have a high potential for improving therapeutic outcomes and should be considered a priority for immediate exploration. A schematic showing the various methods of extracellular matrix disruption/targeting in both fibrotic and cancerous environments. a Biomaterial-based cell therapy can be used to deliver anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemotherapeutics, or other factors for localized, slow release of therapeutics. b Mechanotherapeutics can be used to inhibit the deposition of molecules such as collagen that affect stiffness. c Ablation of the ECM and target tissue can be accomplished via mechanical degradation such as focused ultrasound. d Proteases can be used to improve the distribution of therapies such as oncolytic virus. e Localization of therapeutics such as checkpoint inhibitors can be improved with the targeting of specific ECM components, reducing off-target effects and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Nash
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Boram Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert Krencik
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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3
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Krol S, Baronti W, Marchetti P. Nanoencapsulated human pancreatic islets for β-cell replacement in Type 1 diabetes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1735-1738. [PMID: 32669019 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Krol
- Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Specializzato in Gastroenterologia 'Saverio de Bellis', Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Walter Baronti
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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4
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Development of Nanoporous Polyurethane Hydrogel Membranes for Cell Encapsulation. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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5
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Tomás RF, Martyn B, Bailey TL, Gibson MI. Engineering Cell Surfaces by Covalent Grafting of Synthetic Polymers to Metabolically-Labeled Glycans. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1289-1294. [PMID: 30533278 PMCID: PMC6281312 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Re-engineering mammalian cell surfaces enables modulation of their phenotype, function, and interactions with external markers and may find application in cell-based therapies. Here we use metabolic glycan labeling to install azido groups onto the cell surface, which can act as anchor points to enable rapid, simple, and robust "click" functionalization by the addition of a polymer bearing orthogonally reactive functionality. Using this strategy, new cell surface functionality was introduced by using telechelic polymers with fluorescence or biotin termini, demonstrating that recruitment of biomacromolecules is possible. This approach may enable the attachment of payloads and modulation of cell function and fate, as well as providing a tool to interface synthetic polymers with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben
M. F. Tomás
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- MAS
CDT, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Martyn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Trisha L. Bailey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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6
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Syed F, Bugliani M, Novelli M, Olimpico F, Suleiman M, Marselli L, Boggi U, Filipponi F, Raffa V, Krol S, Campani D, Masiello P, De Tata V, Marchetti P. Conformal coating by multilayer nano-encapsulation for the protection of human pancreatic islets: In-vitro and in-vivo studies. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:2191-2203. [PMID: 30016718 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of pancreatic islet transplantation, we performed in-vitro and in-vivo experiments with isolated human pancreatic islets coated by multi-layer nano-encapsulation using differently charged polymers [chitosan and poly(sodium styrene sulfonate)] to obtain up to 9 layers. The islet coating (thickness: 104.2 ± 4.2 nm) was uniform, with ≥ 90% cell viability and well preserved beta- and alpha-cell ultrastructure. Nano-encapsulated islets maintained physiological glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by both static incubation and perifusion studies. Notably, palmitate- or cytokine-induced toxicity was significantly reduced in nano-coated islets. Xenotransplantation of nano-encapsulated islets under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced C57Bl/6J diabetic mice allowed long term normal or near normal glycemia, associated with minimal infiltration of immune cell into the grafts, well preserved islet morphology and signs of re-vascularization. In summary, the multi-layer nano-encapsulation approach described in the present study provides a promising tool to effectively protect human islets both in-vitro andin-vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Syed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Michela Novelli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Olimpico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Silke Krol
- NanoMed lab, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", IFOM-IEO-campus, Milan, Italy; Laboratory for translational nanomedicine, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Campani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Masiello
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
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7
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Zhou HB, Chen J, Li S, Zhang J, Zhu CE, Ran H, Luo M, Pan X, Hu H, Wu C. Preparation of Acid-Resistant Microcapsules with Shell-Matrix Structure to Enhance Stability of Streptococcus Thermophilus IFFI 6038. J Food Sci 2017; 82:1978-1984. [PMID: 28696506 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microencapsulation is an effective technology used to protect probiotics against harsh conditions. Extrusion is a commonly used microencapsulation method utilized to prepare probiotics microcapsules that is regarded as economical and simple to operate. This research aims to prepare acid-resistant probiotic microcapsules with high viability after freeze-drying and optimized storage stability. Streptococcus thermophilus IFFI 6038 (IFFI 6038) cells were mixed with trehalose and alginate to fabricate microcapsules using extrusion. These capsules were subsequently coated with chitosan to obtain chitosan-trehalose-alginate microcapsules with shell-matrix structure. Chitosan-alginate microcapsules (without trehalose) were also prepared using the same method. The characteristics of the microcapsules were observed by measuring the freeze-dried viability, acid resistance, and long-term storage stability of the cells. The viable count of IFFI 6038 in the chitosan-trehalose-alginate microcapsules was 8.34 ± 0.30 log CFU g-1 after freeze-drying (lyophilization), which was nearly 1 log units g-1 greater than the chitosan-alginate microcapsules. The viability of IFFI 6038 in the chitosan-trehalose-alginate microcapsules was 6.45 ± 0.09 log CFU g-1 after 120 min of treatment in simulated gastric juices, while the chitosan-alginate microcapsules only measured 4.82 ± 0.22 log CFU g-1 . The results of the long-term storage stability assay indicated that the viability of IFFI 6038 in chitosan-trehalose-alginate microcapsules was higher than in chitosan-alginate microcapsules after storage at 25 °C. Trehalose played an important role in the stability of IFFI 6038 during storage. The novel shell-matrix chitosan-trehalose-alginate microcapsules showed optimal stability and acid resistance, demonstrating their potential as a delivery vehicle to transport probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Bin Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Jiashu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Shunyi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Jianpan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Chun E Zhu
- Inst. for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Hao Ran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Meihua Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China.,Research and Development Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China.,Research and Development Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China.,Research and Development Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR, China
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8
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Mahou R, Passemard S, Carvello M, Petrelli A, Noverraz F, Gerber-Lemaire S, Wandrey C. Contribution of polymeric materials to progress in xenotransplantation of microencapsulated cells: a review. Xenotransplantation 2016; 23:179-201. [PMID: 27250036 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell microencapsulation and subsequent transplantation of the microencapsulated cells require multidisciplinary approaches. Physical, chemical, biological, engineering, and medical expertise has to be combined. Several natural and synthetic polymeric materials and different technologies have been reported for the preparation of hydrogels, which are suitable to protect cells by microencapsulation. However, owing to the frequent lack of adequate characterization of the hydrogels and their components as well as incomplete description of the technology, many results of in vitro and in vivo studies appear contradictory or cannot reliably be reproduced. This review addresses the state of the art in cell microencapsulation with special focus on microencapsulated cells intended for xenotransplantation cell therapies. The choice of materials, the design and fabrication of the microspheres, as well as the conditions to be met during the cell microencapsulation process, are summarized and discussed prior to presenting research results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Overall, this review will serve to sensitize medically educated specialists for materials and technological aspects of cell microencapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redouan Mahou
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Solène Passemard
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Carvello
- Department of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - François Noverraz
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Wandrey
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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9
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Ludwig B, Ludwig S. Transplantable bioartificial pancreas devices: current status and future prospects. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2015; 400:531-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-015-1314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Microencapsulation by vibrating technology of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 to enhance its survival in foods and in gastrointestinal environment. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Nagaraju S, Bottino R, Wijkstrom M, Trucco M, Cooper DKC. Islet xenotransplantation: what is the optimal age of the islet-source pig? Xenotransplantation 2014; 22:7-19. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Nagaraju
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Rita Bottino
- Division of Immunogenetics; Department of Pediatrics; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Martin Wijkstrom
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Massimo Trucco
- Division of Immunogenetics; Department of Pediatrics; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - David K. C. Cooper
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
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12
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Headen DM, Aubry G, Lu H, García AJ. Microfluidic-based generation of size-controlled, biofunctionalized synthetic polymer microgels for cell encapsulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:3003-8. [PMID: 24615922 PMCID: PMC4058833 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell and islet microencapsulation in synthetic hydrogels provides an immunoprotective and cell-supportive microenvironment. A microfluidic strategy for the genaration of biofunctionalized, synthetic microgel particles with precise control over particle size and molecular permeability for cell and protein delivery is presented. These engineered capsules support high cell viability and function of encapsulated human stem cells and islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon M Headen
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 311 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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13
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Scharp DW, Marchetti P. Encapsulated islets for diabetes therapy: history, current progress, and critical issues requiring solution. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 67-68:35-73. [PMID: 23916992 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin therapy became a reality in 1921 dramatically saving lives of people with diabetes, but not protecting them from long-term complications. Clinically successful free islet implants began in 1989 but require life long immunosuppression. Several encapsulated islet approaches have been ongoing for over 30 years without defining a clinically relevant product. Macro-devices encapsulating islet mass in a single device have shown long-term success in large animals but human trials have been limited by critical challenges. Micro-capsules using alginate or similar hydrogels encapsulate individual islets with many hundreds of promising rodent results published, but a low incidence of successful translation to large animal and human results. Reduction of encapsulated islet mass for clinical transplantation is in progress. This review covers the status of both early and current studies including the presentation of corporate efforts involved. It concludes by defining the critical items requiring solution to enable a successful clinical diabetes therapy.
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14
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Shin S, Yoo YJ. Separation of empty microcapsules after microencapsulation of porcine neonatal islets. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:2185-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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