1
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Langner M, Priese F, Wolf B. Influence of Polymer Film Thickness on Drug Release from Fluidized Bed Coated Pellets and Intended Process and Product Control. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1307. [PMID: 39458636 PMCID: PMC11510853 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16101307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Coated drug pellets enjoy widespread use in hard gelatine capsules. In heterogeneous pellets, the drug substance is layered onto core pellets. Coatings are often applied to generate a retarded release or an enteric coating. METHODS In the present study, the thickness of a polymer coating layer on drug pellets was correlated to the drug release kinetics. RESULTS The question should be answered whether it is possible to stop the coating process when a layer thickness referring to an intended drug release is achieved. Inert pellets were first coated with sodium benzoate and second with different amounts of water insoluble polyacrylate in a fluidized bed apparatus equipped with a Wurster inlet. The whole process was controlled in-line and at-line with process analytical technology by the measurement of the particle size and the layer thickness. The in-vitro sodium benzoate release was investigated, and the data were linearized by different standard models and compared with the polyacrylate layer thickness. With increasing polyacrylate layer thickness the release rate diminishes. The superposition of several processes influencing the release results in release profiles corresponding approximately to first order kinetics. The coating layer thickness corresponds to a determined drug release profile. CONCLUSIONS The manufacturing of coated drug pellets with intended drug release is possible by coating process control and layer thickness measurement. Preliminary investigations are necessary for different formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Langner
- IDT Biologika, Am Pharmapark, 06861 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany;
| | - Florian Priese
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Process Engineering, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Bernburger Straße 55, 06366 Köthen, Germany;
| | - Bertram Wolf
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Process Engineering, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Bernburger Straße 55, 06366 Köthen, Germany;
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2
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Wu S, Zhou G, Wang X, Zhang X, Guo S, Ma Y, Liu H, Li W. Development of Sinomenine Hydrochloride Sustained-release Pellet With Multiple Release Characteristics. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:224. [PMID: 39322795 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the gastrointestinal side effects, the clinical application of sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) in rheumatoid arthritis is limited. The elderly population constitutes the primary group affected by this disease, and within this demographic, there are significant variations in gastric emptying time. To reduce the influence of individual differences on drug efficacy and concurrently alleviate gastrointestinal side effects, the SH sustained-release pellets with multiple release characteristics were developed, which comprised both regular sustained-release pellets and enteric-coated sustained-release pellets. The drug-loaded layer formulation was optimized by full factorial design. With the optimal formulation, the drug-loaded pellets achieved a yield of 96.05%, an encapsulation efficiency of 83.36% for SH, a relative standard deviation of 3.26% in SH content distribution, an average roundness of 0.971 for the pellets, and the particle size span of 0.808. The pellets with a 4 h SH release profile in an acidic environment and pellets displaying 4 h acid resistance followed by an 8 h SH release behavior in the intestinal environment were individually prepared through in vitro dissolution tests. The results demonstrated stable and compliant dissolution behavior of the formulation, along with excellent stability and physical appearance. This research offers novel insights and references for the innovative formulation of SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Guoming Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shubo Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yongqiang Ma
- Xinyite Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Xinyite Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Pharmaceuticals for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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3
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Lugtu-Pe JA, Zhang X, Mirzaie S, Chang HHR, AL-Mousawi N, Chen K, Li Y, Kane A, Bar-Shalom D, Wu XY. An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads: Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2669-2684. [PMID: 38828156 PMCID: PMC11143779 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution rate. However, most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility, and hence are exempt from such benefits. Although combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility, like other supersaturating systems, the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved, particularly within the dosage form. Here, we explored the potential of an emerging, non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle (TPN) pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion (CRASD) beads comprising a poorly soluble drug (celecoxib) reservoir and insoluble polymer (ethylcellulose) membrane. Compared to conventional pore former, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), TPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity, less crystal formation at the CRASD bead surface, and greater extent of celecoxib release. All-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of TPN, intra-molecular bonding, crystal formation tendency, diffusion coefficient, and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced, while intermolecular H-bonding was increased as compared to PVP. This work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Anne Lugtu-Pe
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Xuning Zhang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc., Mississauga L5N 5M1, Canada
| | - Sako Mirzaie
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Hao Han R. Chang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Nour AL-Mousawi
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Kuan Chen
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc., Mississauga L5N 5M1, Canada
| | - Anil Kane
- Patheon by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Toronto Region Operations (TRO), Mississauga L5N 3X4, Canada
| | - Daniel Bar-Shalom
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Xiao Yu Wu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
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4
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Wassif RK, Elkheshen SA, Shamma RN, Amer MS, Elhelw R, El-Kayal M. Injectable systems of chitosan in situ forming composite gel incorporating linezolid-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles for long-term treatment of bone infections. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:80-102. [PMID: 37542190 PMCID: PMC10746766 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to create an efficient, minimally invasive combined system comprising in situ forming hydrogel loaded with both spray-dried polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating linezolid and nanohydroxyapatite for local injection to bones or their close vicinity. The developed system was designed for a dual function namely releasing the drug in a sustained manner for long-term treatment of bone infections and supporting bone proliferation and new tissues generation. To achieve these objectives, two release sustainment systems for linezolid were optimized namely a composite in situ forming chitosan hydrogel and spray-dried PLGA/PLA solid nanoparticles. The composite, in situ forming hydrogel of chitosan was prepared using two different gelling agents namely glycerophosphate (GP) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) at 3 different concentrations each. The spray-dried linezolid-loaded PLGA/PLA nanoparticles were developed using a water-soluble carrier (PVP K30) and a lipid soluble one (cetyl alcohol) along with 3 types of DL-lactide and/or DL-lactide-co-glycolide copolymer using nano-spray-drying technique. Finally, the optimized spray-dried linezolid nanoparticles were incorporated into the optimized composite hydrogel containing nanohydroxy apatite (nHA). The combined hydrogel/nanoparticle systems displayed reasonable injectability with excellent gelation time at 37 °C. The optimum formulae sustained the release of linezolid for 7-10 days, which reveals its ability to reduce the frequency of injection during the course of treatment of bones infections and increase the patients' compliance. They succeeded to alleviate the bone infections and the associated clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological changes within 2-4 weeks of injection. As to the state of art in this study and to the best of our knowledge, no such complete and systematic study on this type of combined in situ forming hydrogel loaded with spray-dried nanoparticles of linezolid is available yet in literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Khaled Wassif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham A Elkheshen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Elini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Rehab Nabil Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Elini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Amer
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab Elhelw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha El-Kayal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Fernández-García R, Walsh D, O'Connell P, Slowing K, Raposo R, Paloma Ballesteros M, Jiménez-Cebrián A, Chamorro-Sancho MJ, Bolás-Fernández F, Healy AM, Serrano DR. Can amphotericin B and itraconazole be co-delivered orally? Tailoring oral fixed-dose combination coated granules for systemic mycoses. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 183:74-91. [PMID: 36623752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of invasive fungal infections have increased significantly over the last few years, leading to a global health problem due to the lack of effective treatments. Amphotericin B (AmB) and itraconazole (ITR) are two antifungal drugs with different mechanisms of action. In this work, AmB and ITR have been formulated within granules to elicit an enhanced pharmacological effect, while enhancing the oral bioavailability of AmB. A Quality by Design (QbD) approach was utilised to prepare fixed-dose combination (FDC) granules consisting of a core containing AmB with functional excipients, such as inulin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), chitosan, sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) and Soluplus® and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), coated with a polymeric layer containing ITR with Soluplus® or a combination of Poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose-acetyl succinate (HPMCAS). A Taguchi design of experiments (DoE) with 7 factors and 2 levels was carried out to understand the key factors impacting on the physicochemical properties of the formulation followed by a Box-Behnken design with 3 factors in 3 levels chosen to optimise the formulation parameters. The core of the FDC granules was obtained by wet granulation and later coated using a fluidized bed. In vitro antifungal efficacy was demonstrated by measuring the inhibition halo against different species of Candida spp., including C. albicans (24.19-30.48 mm), C. parapsilosis (26.38-27.84 mm) and C. krusei (11.48-17.92 mm). AmB release was prolonged from 3 to 24 h when the AmB granules were coated. In vivo in CD-1 male mice studies showed that these granules were more selective towards liver, spleen and lung compared to kidney (up to 5-fold more selective in liver, with an accumulation of 8.07 µg AmB/g liver after twice-daily 5 days administration of granules coated with soluplus-ITR), resulting in an excellent oral administration option in the treatment of invasive mycosis. Nevertheless, some biochemical alterations were found, including a decrease in blood urea nitrogen (∼17 g/dl) and alanine aminotransferase (<30 U/l) and an increase in the levels of bilirubin (∼0.2 mg/dl) and alkaline phosphatase (<80 U/l), which could be indicative of a liver failure. Once-daily regimen for 10 days can be a promising therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernández-García
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Walsh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Peter O'Connell
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Karla Slowing
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafaela Raposo
- Seccion Departamental de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Paloma Ballesteros
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Farmacia Industrial, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Francisco Bolás-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Marie Healy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Dolores R Serrano
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Farmacia Industrial, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Elmowafy M, Alruwaili NK, Ahmad N, Kassem AM, Ibrahim MF. Quercetin-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Lyophilized Tablets for Enhanced Physicochemical Features and Dissolution Rate: Formulation, Optimization, and In Vitro Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 24:6. [PMID: 36447021 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02464-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) have been proposed as a potential approach for stabilizing the amorphous state of poorly water-soluble actives. This study aimed to improve the physiochemical characteristics of poorly water-soluble quercetin (QT) through a novel lyophilized formulation. Various parameters, including solvent polarity, QT-carrier mass ratio, and adsorption time, were studied to improve the loading of QT into MSNPs. The optimized loaded MSNPs were formulated into lyophilized tablets through a freeze-drying process using hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-K30) as a polymeric stabilizer and water-soluble sucrose as a cryoprotectant. The effect of PVP-K30 and sucrose on the particle size, disintegration time, friability, and time required to release 90% of QT were studied using 32 full factorial design. The optimized formula was characterized using different evaluating techniques; for instance, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, drug content, moisture content, and saturation solubility. The analysis proved that QT was consistently kept in the nanosize range with a narrow size distribution. The loaded silica nanoparticles and the optimized formulation are in an amorphous state devoid of any chemical interaction with the silica matrix or the lyophilization excipients. The optimized formula also featured low friability (less than 1%), fast disintegration (< 30 s), and a pronounced enhancement in saturation solubility and dissolution rate. Briefly, we established that the lyophilized MSNPs-based tablet would be a potential strategy for improving the rate of dissolution and, ultimately, the bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble QT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nabil K Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulsalam M Kassem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Pharmaceutical Coating and Its Different Approaches, a Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163318. [PMID: 36015575 PMCID: PMC9415771 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coating the solid dosage form, such as tablets, is considered common, but it is a critical process that provides different characteristics to tablets. It increases the value of solid dosage form, administered orally, and thus meets diverse clinical requirements. As tablet coating is a process driven by technology, it relies on advancements in coating techniques, equipment used for the coating process, evaluation of coated tablets, and coated material used. Although different techniques were employed for coating purposes, which may be based on the use of solvents or solvent-free, each of the methods used has its advantages and disadvantages, and the techniques need continued modification too. During the process of film coating, several inter-and intra-batch uniformity of coated material on the tablets is considered a critical point that ensures the worth of the final product, particularly for those drugs that contain an active medicament in the coating layer. Meanwhile, computational modeling and experimental evaluation were actively used to predict the impact of the operational parameters on the final product quality and optimize the variables in tablet coating. The efforts produced by computational modeling or experimental evaluation not only save cost in optimizing the coating process but also saves time. This review delivers a brief review on film coating in solid dosage form, which includes tablets, with a focus on the polymers and processes used in the coating. At the end, some pharmaceutical applications were also discussed.
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8
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Erkoç T, Sevgili LM, Çavuş S. Hydroxypropyl cellulose/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Matrix Tablets Containing Ibuprofen: Infiltration, Erosion and Drug Release Characteristics. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Erkoç
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering 34320 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Lutfullah M. Sevgili
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering 34320 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Selva Çavuş
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering 34320 Istanbul Turkey
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9
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Hussain A, Hussain F, Arshad MS, Abbas N, Nasir S, Mudassir J, Mahmood F, Ali E. Ibuprofen loaded centrifugally spun microfibers for quick relief of inflammation in rats. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1786-1793. [PMID: 35343341 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2059500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The conventional dosage forms (tablets, capsules), of ibuprofen has less potential in suppression of pain and inflammation due to their slow dissolution rates and lower bioavailability. Aim of this study was to fabricate fibrous solid dispersion of ibuprofen for improved dissolution rate and quick therapeutic action. Drug loaded microfibers were fabricated using centrifugal melt spinning (CMS) technique from the physical mixture of sucrose, ibuprofen and a hydrophilic polymer, PVP. These fibers were characterized by SEM, PXRD, DSC, and FTIR spectroscopy. The selected formulation was also pressed into tablets by direct compression method followed by its in-vitro and in-vivo characterization. The production yield of fibers was 75 ± 2% with an average diameter 15 ± 5 µm. The drug loading efficiency (DLE) was 85 ± 5%. The tablets dissolved rapidly (<40s). In-vitro dissolution studies have shown >85% of ibuprofen dissolved from tablet within first 2 min which was ∼5 times quicker than drug alone. Dissolution efficiency has improved from 0.63 of ibuprofen to 0.95 of that in fibers with ∼7 times reduction in mean dissolution time. PXRD, andDSC have shown amorphous state of ibuprofen in the formulation and FTIR spectra demonstrated no interaction of drug with excipients . In-vivo anti-inflammatory studies using rabbits revealed a significant (p <0.05) reduction in paw volume (mm) in the groups treated with fibrous formulation. This study concludes that microfibers produced by centrifugal melt spinning has improved dissolution rates and bioavailability of ibuprofen. Incorporation of polymer in the formulations improves the production yield and drug loading efficiency of microfibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hussain
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (54500)
| | - Fahad Hussain
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (54500)
| | | | - Nasir Abbas
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (54500)
| | - Sidra Nasir
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (54500)
| | - Jahanzeb Mudassir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan (60800)
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (54500)
| | - Ejaz Ali
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan (54500)
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10
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Lin W, Li Y, Shi Q, Liao X, Zeng Y, Tian W, Xie X, Liu H. Preparation and evaluation of bilayer-core osmotic pump tablets contained topiramate. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264457. [PMID: 35213658 PMCID: PMC8880887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Topiramate (TPM) was an antiepileptic agent commonly used in clinical. Studies showed that an oral preparation of TPM with extended-release manner could bring some benefits for epileptics. In this paper, controlled release push-pull osmotic pump (PPOP) tablets of sparingly water-soluble TPM were successfully prepared. This bi-layer tablet core mainly consisted of sodium chloride as osmotic promoting agent and polyethylene oxide as suspending and pushing agents. The influences of osmotic agents, pushing agents and the compositions of coating membrane on TPM release profiles were evaluated. An optimal formulation of TPM-PPOP was obtained through single-factor experiments. In vitro release tests showed that the optimum formulation could release TPM at an approximate zero-order rate up to 8 h. Pharmacokinetic behaviors of TPM-PPOP tablets were evaluated and compared with the immediate release capsules after an oral single dose in beagle dogs. Pharmacokinetics results demonstrated that the TPM-PPOP tablet was able to provide a prolonged release of TPM with longer tmax and mean residence time. Lower fluctuations of drug plasma levels could also be achieved with TPM-PPOP tablets. These results suggested that sparely water-soluble drugs as TPM can be designed to PPOP for efficacy and safety use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Love & Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yinke Li
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiongzhi Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangru Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangyang Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Central Theater of the PLA, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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11
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Dahmash EZ, Iyire A, Alyami HS. Development of orally dissolving films for pediatric-centric administration of anti-epileptic drug topiramate - A design of experiments (DoE) study. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:635-647. [PMID: 34400857 PMCID: PMC8348934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Children have often been treated as small adults in relation to drug formulation, but research has now shown this not to be the case. Therefore, there is a push from regulatory bodies to provide drug formulations specifically tailored towards the needs of this fragmented population. Orally dissolving films (ODFs) have been identified as an emerging opportunity, to bridge this gap. Therefore, the aim of this study was to prepare ODFs containing topiramate, an antiepileptic drug, using solvent casting method as a potential alternative to oral tablets/powders for paediatrics. For this purpose, a Design of Experiment (DoE) was employed to optimise formulation parameters. 24 formulations were prepared by changing the polymer type (HPMC, Guar-Gum or PEO), concentration (0.4%-1.2%w/v); plasticizer type (glycerol\sorbitol) and concentration (0.1–0.3%w/v). Disintegration time, content-uniformity, film quality and thickness uniformity were the responses. Surface and molecular profiling were conducted on the optimal formulation (N4). TGA and XRD results demonstrated the stability of materials upon production into films, while the SEM images showed smooth films that proved to be resilient due to good mechanical properties. HPMC-glycerine based ODFs are presented as an effective dosage form to enhance the ease of administration and patient compliance of topiramate, specifically for paediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Affiong Iyire
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hamad S Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Kuskov AN, Luss AL, Gritskova IA, Shtilman MI, Motyakin MV, Levina II, Nechaeva AM, Sizova OY, Tsatsakis AM, Mezhuev YO. Kinetics and Mechanism of Synthesis of Carboxyl-Containing N-Vinyl-2-Pyrrolidone Telehelics for Pharmacological Use. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152569. [PMID: 34372172 PMCID: PMC8347008 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It was found that sulfanylethanoic and 3-sulfanylpropanoic acids are effective regulators of molecular weight with chain transfer constants of 0.441 and 0.317, respectively, and show an unexpected acceleration effect on the radical polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, initiated by 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile. It was determined for the first time that the thiolate anions of mercapto acids form a high-temperature redox initiating system with 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile during the radical polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in 1,4-dioxane. Considering the peculiarities of initiation, a kinetic model of the polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is proposed, and it is shown that the theoretical orders of the reaction rate, with respect to the monomer, initiator, and chain transfer agent, are 1, 0.75, 0.25, and are close to their experimentally determined values. Carboxyl-containing techelics of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were synthesized so that it can slow down the release of the anticancer drug, doxorubicin, from aqueous solutions, which can find its application in the pharmacological field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Kuskov
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.L.); (M.I.S.); (A.M.N.); (O.Y.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.K.); (Y.O.M.)
| | - Anna L. Luss
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.L.); (M.I.S.); (A.M.N.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Inessa A. Gritskova
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Macromolecular Compounds, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 119454 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mikhail I. Shtilman
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.L.); (M.I.S.); (A.M.N.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Mikhail V. Motyakin
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.M.); (I.I.L.)
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina I. Levina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.M.); (I.I.L.)
| | - Anna M. Nechaeva
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.L.); (M.I.S.); (A.M.N.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Oksana Yu. Sizova
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.L.); (M.I.S.); (A.M.N.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Division of Morphology, Medical School, Voutes Campus, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav O. Mezhuev
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.L.); (M.I.S.); (A.M.N.); (O.Y.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.K.); (Y.O.M.)
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Lin W, Xu T, Wang Z, Chen J. Sustained intrathecal delivery of amphotericin B using an injectable and biodegradable thermogel. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:499-509. [PMID: 33657949 PMCID: PMC7935127 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1892242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis is a fungal infectious disease with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Amphotericin B (AMB) is the first choice for the treatment of cryptococcal meninges. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the major barrier for the effective delivery of drugs to the brain. In this study, AMB was incorporated in a thermosensitive gel for intrathecal injection. We first synthesized AMB-loaded thermogel, investigated its in vitro cumulative release, and in vivo neurotoxicity, and therapeutic effect. The thermosensitive gel was comprised of 25 wt% poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock polymer aqueous solution. The AMB loaded in the thermosensitive gel (AMB in gel) had low viscosity at low temperature and resulted in the formation of a non-flowing gel at 37 °C (physiological temperature). AMB loading in gel sustained its release for 36 days and the in vitro cumulative release rate was satisfactory. Compared with the AMB solution, intrathecal administration of AMB in gel could reduce the neurovirulence of AMB and get a better treatment effect. The findings of the current study show that the injectable PLGA–PEG–PLGA thermogel is a biocompatible carrier for the delivery of drugs into the intrathecal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzhi Wang
- Institute of Internal Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Luo Y, Hong Y, Shen L, Wu F, Lin X. Multifunctional Role of Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Pharmaceutical Formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:34. [PMID: 33404984 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a non-ionic polymer, has been employed in multifarious fields such as paper, fibers and textiles, ceramics, and pharmaceutics due to its superior properties. Especially in pharmacy, the properties of inertness, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility make it a versatile excipient for both conventional formulations and novel controlled or targeted delivery systems, serving as a binder, coating agent, suspending agent, pore-former, solubilizer, stabilizer, etc. PVP with different molecular weights (MWs) and concentrations is used in a variety of formulations for different purposes. In this review, PVP-related researches mainly in recent 10 years were collected, and its main pharmaceutical applications were summarized as follows: (i) improving the bioavailability and stability of drugs, (ii) improving the physicomechanical properties of preparations, (iii) adjusting the release rate of drugs, and (iv) prolonging the in vivo circulation time of liposomes. Most of these applications could be explained by the viscosity, solubility, hydrophilicity, and hydrogen bond-forming ability of PVP, and the specific action mechanisms for each application were also tried to figure out. The effect of PVP on bioavailability improvement establishes it as a promising polymer in the emerging controlled or targeted formulations, attracting growing interest on it. Therefore, given its irreplaceability and tremendous opportunities for future developments, this review aims to provide an informative reference about current roles of PVP in pharmacy for interested readers.
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15
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Drumond N, Stegemann S. Better Medicines for Older Patients: Considerations between Patient Characteristics and Solid Oral Dosage Form Designs to Improve Swallowing Experience. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:pharmaceutics13010032. [PMID: 33379258 PMCID: PMC7824227 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral drug administration provided as solid oral dosage forms (SODF) remains the major route of drug therapy in primary and secondary care. There is clear evidence for a growing number of clinically relevant swallowing issues (e.g., dysphagia) in the older patient population, especially when considering the multimorbid, frail, and polymedicated patients. Swallowing impairments have a negative impact on SODF administration, which leads to poor adherence and inappropriate alterations (e.g., crushing, splitting). Different strategies have been proposed over the years in order to enhance the swallowing experience with SODF, by using conventional administration techniques or applying swallowing aids and devices. Nevertheless, new formulation designs must be considered by implementing a patient centric approach in order to efficiently improve SODF administration by older patient populations. Together with appropriate SODF size reductions, innovative film coating materials that can be applied to SODF and provide swallowing safety and efficacy with little effort being required by the patients are still needed. With that in mind, a literature review was conducted in order to identify the availability of patient centric coating materials claiming to shorten esophageal transit times and improve the overall SODF swallowing experience for older patients. The majority of coating technologies were identified in patent applications, and they mainly included well-known water soluble polymers that are commonly applied into pharmaceutical coatings. Nevertheless, scientific evidence demonstrating the benefits of given SODF coating materials in the concerned patient populations are still very limited. Consequently, the availability for safe, effective, and clinically proven solutions to address the increasing prevalence of swallowing issues in the older patient population is still limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nélio Drumond
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (S.S.); Tel.: +49-178-2144689 (N.D.); +49-172-6054869 (S.S.)
| | - Sven Stegemann
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (S.S.); Tel.: +49-178-2144689 (N.D.); +49-172-6054869 (S.S.)
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16
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Almeida JMFD, Damasceno Júnior E, Silva EMF, Veríssimo LM, Fernandes NS. pH-responsive release system of topiramate transported on silica nanoparticles by melting method. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 47:126-145. [PMID: 33295812 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1862171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating drugs into silica matrices by the melting method can be applied to obtain drug delivery systems because they are governed by electrostatic type interactions, hydrogen bonding and hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions between the drug and the silica surface. the melting method is an environmentally correct tool since it is free of organic solvent, low cost and with easy execution for the incorporation of drugs in silicas. Drugs delivery systems are very important for improving the treatment of chronic diseases. Topiramate (TPM) is a potent antiepileptic used in high daily doses as it has low bioavailability. In this context, silica nanoparticles (NPS) were used as an inorganic matrix for TPM transport in (in vitro) release studies. The TPM was incorporated into the NPS by hot melt loading employing a new carrier preparation methodology (NPS/TPM) using a thermobalance (by Thermogravimetry-TG) with high temperature control system. The release study using dissolution media simulating gastrointestinal at pH 1.2 (stomach) and 7.4 (intestine), showed that NPS release TPM in a prolonged and pH-responsive manner. The drug was released at intestinal pH ensuring greater absorption, allowing fewer daily doses and less adverse effects. The kinetic study demonstrated the best fit to the zero-order model proving the pH-responsive profile of the developed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janiele Mayara Ferreira de Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brasil
| | - Elmar Damasceno Júnior
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brasil
| | - Elania Maria Fernandes Silva
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brasil
| | - Lourena Mafra Veríssimo
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brasil
| | - Nedja Suely Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal-RN, Brasil
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17
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18
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Adeleke OA. Premium ethylcellulose polymer based architectures at work in drug delivery. Int J Pharm X 2019; 1:100023. [PMID: 31517288 PMCID: PMC6733301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Premium ethylcellulose polymers are hydrophobic cellulose ether based biomaterials widely employed as biocompatible templates for the design of novel drug delivery systems. They are classified as United States Food and Drug Administration Generally-Recognized-As-Safe chemical substances and have been extensively utilized within the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries for over half a century. They have so far demonstrated the potential to modulate and improve the physiological performance of bioactives leading to the desired enhanced prophylactic and therapeutic outcomes. This review therefore presents a scholarly survey of inter-disciplinary developments focused on the functionalities of ethylcellulose polymers as biomaterials useful for the design of smart delivery architectures for relevant pharmacotherapeutic biomedical applications. Emphasis was placed on evaluating scientific resources related to recent advancements and future directions associated with its applications as delivery systems for drugs and biologics within the past decade thus complementing other specialized reviews showcasing the theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin A. Adeleke
- Address: Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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19
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Water-insoluble polymers as binders for pellet drug layering: Effect on drug release and performance upon compression. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118520. [PMID: 31362093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of water-insoluble polymers as binders for pellet drug layering to extend the drug release. Carbamazepine was layered on sugar cores in fluidized bed coater using isopropanol (IPA):water solution or aqueous dispersion of ethylcellulose, polyvinyl acetate or ammonium-methylmethacrylate copolymer. Carbamazepine release was extended with all investigated water-insoluble polymers used as binder, without an additional coating layer. Drug release from pellets layered using IPA:water polymer solutions was dependent on polymer properties such as lipophilicity and pore-forming components, while from those layered with aqueous polymer dispersions, the release was dependent on the completeness of film formation during drug layering. Curing effect was observed only for pellets layered with Aquacoat® ECD and Eudragit® RS 30D. The drug release was not affected by compression when pellets were prepared with the flexible polymers Kollidon® SR or Kollicoat® SR 30D, however, it increased when brittle polymers such as ethylcellulose or Eudragit® RS were used. This problem could be minimized by using a higher amount of the binder, addition of a plasticizer or using polymers of higher viscosity grade. In conclusion, the use of water-insoluble polymers as binder for pellet drug layering is an effective tool to extend the drug release without additional coating step.
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20
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Chen L, Yang G, Chu X, Gao C, Wang Y, Gong W, Li Z, Yang Y, Yang M, Gao C. Polymer Distribution and Mechanism Conversion in Multiple Media of Phase-Separated Controlled-Release Film-Coating. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020080. [PMID: 30769846 PMCID: PMC6410001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase-separated films of water-insoluble ethyl cellulose (EC) and water-soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) can be utilized to tailor drug release from coated pellets. In the present study, the effects of HPC levels and the pH, type, ionic strength and osmolarity of the media on the release profiles of soluble metoprolol succinates from the EC/HPC-coated pellets were investigated, and the differences in drug-release kinetics in multiple media were further elucidated through the HPC leaching and swelling kinetics of the pellets, morphology (SEM) and water uptake of the free films and the interaction between the coating polymers and the media compositions. Interestingly, the drug release rate from the pellets in different media was not in agreement with the drug solubility which have a positive correlation with the drug dissolution rate based on Noyes–Whitney equation law. In particular, the drug release rate in acetate buffer at pH 4.5 was faster than that in other media despite the solubility of drug was relatively lower, regardless of the HPC levels. It may be attributed to the mutual effect between the EC and acetate buffer, which improved the permeability of the film. In contrast, the release of drug in HCl solution was dependent on the HPC levels. Increasing the levels of HPC increased the effects of hydrogen ions on the polymer of HPC, which resulted in a lower viscosity and strength of the gel, forming the larger size of pores in polymer films, thus increasing the drug diffused from the coating film. Further findings in phosphate buffer showed a reduction in the drug release compared to that in other media, which was only sensitive to the osmolarity rather than the HPC level and pH of the buffer. Additionally, a mathematical theory was used to better explain and understand the experimentally measured different drug release patterns. In summary, the study revealed that the effects of the media overcompensated that of the drug solubility to some extent for controlled-release of the coating polymers, and the drug release mechanism in multiple media depend on EC and HPC rather than on HPC alone, which may have a potential to facilitate the optimization of ideally film-coated formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Guobao Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Chu
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunhong Gao
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yuli Wang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Zhiping Li
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Meiyan Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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Biomaterials of PVA and PVP in medical and pharmaceutical applications: Perspectives and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 37:109-131. [PMID: 30472307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has attracted considerable research interest and is recognized among the largest volume of synthetic polymers that have been produced worldwide for almost one century. This is due to its exceptional properties which dictated its extensive use in a wide variety of applications, especially in medical and pharmaceutical fields. However, studies revealed that PVA-based biomaterials present some limitations that can restrict their use or performances. To overcome these limitations, various methods have been reported, among which blending with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) showed promising results. Thus, our aim was to offer a systematic overview on the current state concerning the preparation, properties and various applications of biomaterials based on synergistic effect of mixtures between PVA and PVP. Future trends towards where the biomaterials research is headed were discussed, showing the promising opportunities that PVA and PVP can offer.
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Jet dispensing of multi-layered films for the co-delivery of three antihypertensive agents. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:32-42. [PMID: 28967043 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Three-layer thin films comprising of two polymers as substrate (ethyl cellulose and, copovidone K28) and three antihypertensive agents (hydrochlorothiazide, amiloride HCl, and carvedilol) were printed using jet dispensing technology. Two film formulations with different ethyl cellulose to copovidone K28 ratio (i.e., 90/10 and 50/50 w/w) were prepared using a three-course dispensing. The films were characterized regarding surface morphology, solid-state properties, polymer-drug interactions, drug distribution in each layer, and in vitro drug release. All the components of the films were found to be in the amorphous state apart from hydrochlorothiazide which retained its crystallinity. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed hydrogen bond interactions between carvedilol and copovidone K28. Combinations of ethyl cellulose and copovidone K28 provide suitable polymeric film substrates with the ability to modify drug release. Particularly, decreased ethyl cellulose to copovidone K28 weight ratio was found to suppress the crystallization of hydrochlorothiazide and to increase the release rate of the dispensed drugs. Jet dispensing was found to be a rapid technology for the preparation of multi-layered films that can be used as personalized formulations for the delivery of combinations of drugs.
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Zhang X, Li Q, Ye M, Zhao Z, Sun J, Yang X, Pan W. Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro / In Vivo Evaluation of Oral Time-Controlled Release Etodolac Pellets. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:610-620. [PMID: 28917009 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare time-controlled release etodolac pellets to facilitate drug administration according to the body's biological rhythm, optimize the drug's desired effects, and minimize adverse effects. The preparation consisted of three laminal layers from center to outside: the core, the swelling layer, and the insoluble polymer membrane. Factors influenced the core and the coating films were investigated in this study. The core pellets formulated with etodolac, lactose, and sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS-Na) were prepared by extrusion-spheronization and then coated by a fluidized bed coater. Croscarmellose sodium (CC-Na) was selected as the swelling agent, and ethyl cellulose (EC) as the controlled release layer. The prepared pellets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and evaluated by a dissolution test and a pharmacokinetic study. Compared with commercial available capsules, pharmacokinetics studies in beagle dogs indicated that the prepared pellets release the drug within a short period of time, immediately after a predetermined lag time. A good correlation between in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the pellets was exhibited in the analysis.
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Aho J, Halme A, Boetker J, Water JJ, Bohr A, Sandler N, Rantanen J, Baldursdottir S. The effect of HPMC and MC as pore formers on the rheology of the implant microenvironment and the drug release in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:433-442. [PMID: 28962789 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porous implants or implantable scaffolds used for tissue regeneration can encourage tissue growth inside the implant and provide extended drug release. Water-soluble polymers incorporated into a biodegradable or inert implant matrix may leach out upon contact with biological fluids and thereby gradually increasing the porosity of the implant and simultaneously release drug from the implant matrix. Different molecular weight grades of methylcellulose (MC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were mixed with polylactide and extruded into model implants containing nitrofurantoin as a model drug. The effect of the leached pore formers on the implant porosity and the rheology of the implant microenvironment in vitro was investigated and it was shown that HPMC pore formers had the greatest effect on the surrounding viscosity, with higher drug release and pore forming ability as compared to the MC pore formers. The highest molecular weight HPMC led to the most significant increase in viscosity of the implant microenvironment, while the highest drug release was achieved with the lowest molecular weight HPMC. The data suggested that the microenvironmental rheology of the implant, both in the formed pores and in biological fluids in the immediate vicinity of the implant could be an important factor affecting the diffusion of the drug and other molecules in the implantation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Aho
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Amanda Halme
- Åbo Akademi University, Department of Biosciences, Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Johan Boetker
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorrit Jeroen Water
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Bohr
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Sandler
- Åbo Akademi University, Department of Biosciences, Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefania Baldursdottir
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Lee CH, Li YJ, Huang CC, Lai JY. Poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsule carriers with sustained drug release: single dose for long-term glaucoma treatment. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:11754-11764. [PMID: 28782783 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03221h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an eye-related disease accompanied by highly elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which causes damage to the optic nerve and results in vision loss and even blindness. Although the treatment of glaucoma with eye drops may reduce the IOP, eye drops have some limitations, such as poor patient compliance and short duration. To develop drug carriers that facilitate the sustained and long-term release of drugs for glaucoma therapy, we synthesized poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles (PCL NPs) capable of loading pilocarpine, a widely used drug for the treatment of dry eye and glaucoma. We prepared two types of PCL NPs, namely, nanospheres (NSs), which are solid spheres capable of harboring the drug in their solid mass, and nanocapsules (NCs), which are hollow spherical structures for encapsulating the drug. The influence of the vesicular structure of PCL NPs on the drug loading efficiencies and release was investigated. The loading of pilocarpine in the PCL NCs was approximately 3 times higher than that in the PCL NSs. In addition, pilocarpine-loaded PCL NCs (PILO-PCL NCs) exhibited a sustained drug release profile. Effective pharmacological responses (i.e., IOP reduction and pupillary constriction) were observed in rabbits intracamerally treated with pilocarpine-loaded PCL NPs. Moreover, the PILO-PCL NCs show long-term therapeutic ability in alleviating ocular hypertension-induced corneal and retinal injuries under physiological conditions, even after 42 days. The results of in vivo studies also reveal that the PCL NCs are advantageous for the treatment of chronic ocular hypertension in glaucomatous eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lee
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
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Gebru KA, Das C. Effects of solubility parameter differences among PEG, PVP and CA on the preparation of ultrafiltration membranes: Impacts of solvents and additives on morphology, permeability and fouling performances. Chin J Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Haraguchi T, Uchida T, Hazekawa M, Yoshida M, Nakashima M, Sanda H, Hase T, Tomoda Y. Ability of Food/Drink to Reduce the Bitterness Intensity of Topiramate as Determined by Taste Sensor Analysis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:14-20. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Haraguchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University
| | - Takahiro Uchida
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University
| | - Mai Hazekawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University
| | - Miyako Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University
| | - Masaki Nakashima
- Drug Formulation Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd
| | - Hotaka Sanda
- Drug Formulation Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd
| | - Takema Hase
- Drug Formulation Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd
| | - Yutaka Tomoda
- Drug Formulation Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd
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28
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Teodorescu M, Morariu S, Bercea M, Săcărescu L. Viscoelastic and structural properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) hydrogels. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04319d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical hydrogels were obtained by freezing/thawing of aqueous solutions of 15% poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) mixtures with different ratios between the polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Teodorescu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy
- 700487 Iasi
- Romania
| | - Simona Morariu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy
- 700487 Iasi
- Romania
| | - Maria Bercea
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy
- 700487 Iasi
- Romania
| | - Liviu Săcărescu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy
- 700487 Iasi
- Romania
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29
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Zhang L, Shen W, Luan J, Yang D, Wei G, Yu L, Lu W, Ding J. Sustained intravitreal delivery of dexamethasone using an injectable and biodegradable thermogel. Acta Biomater 2015; 23:271-281. [PMID: 26004219 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of therapeutic agents to posterior segment of the eyes is challenging due to the anatomy and physiology of ocular barriers and thus long-acting implantable formulations are much desired. In this study, a thermogelling system composed of two poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymers was developed as an injectable matrix for intravitreal drug delivery. The thermogel was prepared by mixing a sol and a precipitate of PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymers with different block ratios, among which a hydrophobic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), was incorporated. The DEX-loaded thermogel was a low-viscous liquid at low temperature and formed a non-flowing gel at body temperature. The in vitro release rate of DEX from the thermogel could be conveniently modulated by varying the mixing ratio of the two copolymers. The long-lasting intraocular residence of the thermogel was demonstrated by intravitreal injection of a fluorescence-labeled thermogel to rabbits. Compared with a DEX suspension, the intravitreal retention time of DEX increased from a dozen hours to over 1week when being loaded in the thermogel. Additionally, intravitreal administration of the thermogel did not impair the morphology of retina and cornea. This study reveals that the injectable PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermogel is a biocompatible carrier for sustained delivery of bioactive agents into the eyes, and provides an alternative approach for treatment of posterior segment diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenjia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiabin Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dongxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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Wang Y, Dai J, Chang X, Yang M, Shen R, Shan L, Qian Y, Gao C. Model drug as pore former for controlled release of water-soluble metoprolol succinate from ethylcellulose-coated pellets without lag phase: opportunities and challenges. AAPS PharmSciTech 2015; 16:35-44. [PMID: 25163432 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-014-0197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using model drug metoprolol succinate (MS) as a pore former to modify the initial lag phase (i.e., a slow or non-release phase in the first 1-2 h) associated with the drug release from coated pellets. MS-layered cores with high drug-layering efficiency (97% w/w) were first prepared by spraying a highly concentrated drug aqueous solution (60% w/w, 70°C) on non-pareils without using other binders. The presence of MS in ethylcellulose (EC) coating solution significantly improved the coating process by reducing pellets sticking, which often occurs during organic coating. There may be a maximum physical compatibility of MS with EC, and the physical state of the drug in the functional coating layer of EC/MS (80:20) was simultaneously crystalline and non-crystalline (amorphous or solid molecule solution). The lag phase associated with hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) as a pore former was not observed when MS was used as a pore former. The drug release from EC/MS-coated pellets was pH independent, inversely proportional to the coating levels, and directly related to the pore former levels. The functional coating layer with MS as a pore former was not completely stabilized without curing. Curing at 60°C for 1 day could substantially improve the stability of EC/MS-coated pellets. The physical state of the drug in the free film of EC/MS (85:15) changed partially from amorphous to crystal when cured at 60°C for 1 day, which should be attributed to the incompatibility of the drug with EC.
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Abstract
Efficient extraction of Ag NPs and Au NPs using polyethyleneimine coated porous ethyl cellulose microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Setyono
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Singapore
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