1
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Han L, Zhu J, Jones KL, Yang J, Zhai R, Cao J, Hu B. Fabrication and functional application of zein-based core-shell structures: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132796. [PMID: 38823740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Core-shell structures exhibit a number of distinct absorptive properties that make them attractive tools for use in a range of industrial contexts including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, cosmetics, and food/agriculture. Several recent studies have focused on the development and fabrication of zein-based core-shell structures for a range of functional material deliveries. However, no recent review article has evaluated the fabrication of such core-shell structures for food-based applications. In this paper, we therefore survey current approaches to fabricating different zein-based platforms including particles, fibers, films, and hydrogels that have appeared in a variety of functionally relevant applications. In addition, we highlight certain challenges and future research directions in this field, thereby providing a novel perspective on zein-based core-shell structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Han
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Junzhe Zhu
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Kevin L Jones
- Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
| | - Jixin Yang
- Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
| | - Ruiyi Zhai
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Jijuan Cao
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
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2
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Liu X, Zhang M, Zhou X, Wan M, Cui A, Xiao B, Yang J, Liu H. Research advances in Zein-based nano-delivery systems. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379982. [PMID: 38798768 PMCID: PMC11119329 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Zein is the main vegetable protein from maize. In recent years, Zein has been widely used in pharmaceutical, agriculture, food, environmental protection, and other fields because it has excellent biocompatibility and biosafety. However, there is still a lack of systematic review and research on Zein-based nano-delivery systems. This paper systematically reviews preparation and modification methods of Zein-based nano-delivery systems, based on the basic properties of Zein. It discusses the preparation of Zein nanoparticles and the influencing factors in detail, as well as analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and summarizing modification methods of Zein nanoparticles. This study provides a new idea for the research of Zein-based nano-delivery system and promotes its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Antitumor Effects of Natural Products, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Aiping Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Bang Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianqiong Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Antitumor Effects of Natural Products, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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3
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Qi Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Wu Z, Qin Z, Zhou Y, Yang X. Preparation and characterization of vitamin E microcapsules stabilized by Zein with different polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131975. [PMID: 38692551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) microencapsulation using a green surfactant emulsifier not only protects the active substance and is also environmentally friendly. In this study, we used alcohol ether glycoside as an emulsifier to prepare VE microcapsules using the biological macromolecule Zein and various polysaccharides. The resulting nano microcapsules exhibited a spherical structure, stable morphology, uniform size, and a >90% encapsulation efficiency. They also had good thermal stability and slow-release properties. Of these, xanthan gum/Zein-VE microcapsules were superior, with antioxidant properties up to 3.05-fold higher than untreated VE. We successfully developed VE nano microcapsules that meet eco-friendly and sustainable requirements, which may have applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqin Qi
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiyu Wu
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Ziyu Qin
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiuquan Yang
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Surfactants, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
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4
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Jiang W, Guan X, Liu W, Li Y, Jiang H, Ngai T. Pickering emulsion templated proteinaceous microparticles as glutathione-responsive carriers for endocytosis in tumor cells. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:536-543. [PMID: 38390971 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00551h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The use of glucose oxidase (GOx) to disrupt glucose supply has been identified as a promising strategy in cancer starvation therapy. However, independent delivery of GOx is prone to degradation upon exposure to biological conditions and may cause damage to blood vessels and normal organs during transportation. Although some carriers can protect GOx from the surrounding environment, the harsh preparation conditions may compromise its activity. Moreover, the commonly used materials often exhibit poor biocompatibility and possess certain cytotoxicity. To address this issue, we developed a gentle and efficient method based on Pickering emulsion templates to synthesize protein-based microparticles using zein as the matrix material. These microparticles have high stability and can be tailored to efficiently encapsulate biomolecules while preserving their activity. Moreover, the zein-based microparticles can be triggered to release biomolecules in tumor cells under high glutathione levels, demonstrating excellent responsiveness, biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity. Additionally, when loaded with GOx, these protein-based microparticles effectively deprive tumor cells of nutrients and induce apoptosis by generating high levels of H2O2, thereby exhibiting enhanced anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education & School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong.
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education & School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yunxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education & School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
| | - Hang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education & School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China.
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong.
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5
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Lenzuni M, Fiorentini F, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Suarato G, Perotto G, Athanassiou A. Electrosprayed zein nanoparticles as antibacterial and anti-thrombotic coatings for ureteral stents. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128560. [PMID: 38061505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Ureteral stents are among the most frequently used human implants, with urothelium trauma, blood clots, and bacterial colonization being their main reasons for failure. In this study, berberine-loaded zein (ZB) nanoparticles with high drug encapsulation efficiency (>90 %) were fabricated via electrospray on flat and 3D stainless steel structures. Physico-chemical characterization revealed that the ZB nanoparticles created a highly hydrophilic, antioxidant, and scratch-resistant continuous coating over the metal structure. Results showed that the drug release rate was faster at neutral pH (i.e., PBS pH 7.4) than in an artificial urine medium (pH 5.3) due to the different swelling behavior of the zein polymeric matrix. In vitro evaluation of ZB particles onto human dermal fibroblasts and blood cells demonstrated good cell proliferation and enhanced anti-thrombotic properties compared to bare stainless steel. The ability of the electrosprayed zein particles to resist bacterial adherence and proliferation was evaluated with Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, showing high inhibition rates (-29 % and -46 % for empty and berberine-loaded particles, respectively) compared to the medical-grade metal substrates. Overall, the proposed composite coating fulfilled the requirements for ureteral applications, and can advance the development of innovative biocompatible, biodegradable, and antibacterial coatings for drug-eluting stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lenzuni
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy; Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | | | - Maria Summa
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Elettronica, Ingegneria dell'Informazione e delle Telecomunicazioni (CNR-IEIIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Perotto
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
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6
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Shi L, Lin Z, Hou J, Liu W, Xu J, Guo Y. Purification and characterization of a chicory polysaccharide and its application in stabilizing genistein for cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124635. [PMID: 37121414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is an isoflavone with chemopreventive and therapeutic effects on various types of cancers. Apparently, in contrast to the advantages of multi-target therapy, the poor water solubility of this molecule is a major obstacle to its clinical application. In this work, zein/chicory polysaccharide nanoparticles (G-zein-P NPs) were prepared by pH-induced antisolvent precipitation method for the encapsulation of genistein. Firstly, an acidic polysaccharide (CIP70-2) with a molecular weight of 66.7 kDa was identified from the roots of chicory (Cichorium intybus). This natural macromolecule was identified as a plant pectin, for which the structure included RG-I (rhamnogalacturonan I) and HG (homogalacturonan) regions. Using this polysaccharide, G-zein-P NPs were prepared, in which the water solubility of genistein was improved by encapsulation. The encapsulation efficiency and loading efficiency of genistein by composite nanoparticles reached 99.0 % and 6.96 %, respectively. In vitro tumor inhibition experiments showed that the inhibitory effect of G-zein-P NPs on HepG2 cells was twice that of unencapsulated genistein. Moreover, the significant inhibition of tumor development and metastasis by G-zein-P NPs was observed in zebrafish xenograft models. The results suggested that zein/chicory polysaccharide nanoparticles may be a promising delivery carrier for genistein application in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Serini S, Trombino S, Curcio F, Sole R, Cassano R, Calviello G. Hyaluronic Acid-Mediated Phenolic Compound Nanodelivery for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1751. [PMID: 37376199 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are bioactive phytochemicals showing a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer effects. Moreover, they are associated with fewer side effects compared to most currently used antitumor drugs. Combinations of phenolic compounds with commonly used drugs have been largely studied as an approach aimed at enhancing the efficacy of anticancer drugs and reducing their deleterious systemic effects. In addition, some of these compounds are reported to reduce tumor cell drug resistance by modulating different signaling pathways. However, often, their application is limited due to their chemical instability, low water solubility, or scarce bioavailability. Nanoformulations, including polyphenols in combination or not with anticancer drugs, represent a suitable strategy to enhance their stability and bioavailability and, thus, improve their therapeutic activity. In recent years, the development of hyaluronic acid-based systems for specific drug delivery to cancer cells has represented a pursued therapeutic strategy. This is related to the fact that this natural polysaccharide binds to the CD44 receptor that is overexpressed in most solid cancers, thus allowing its efficient internalization in tumor cells. Moreover, it is characterized by high biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Here, we will focus on and critically analyze the results obtained in recent studies regarding the use of hyaluronic acid for the targeted delivery of bioactive phenolic compounds to cancer cells of different origins, alone or in combination with drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Serini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Federica Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Sole
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Cassano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Gabriella Calviello
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
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8
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Hayat U, Liu C, Raza A, Hou J, Jia C, Wang JY. In vitro/ in vivoidentification of zein degraded peptides using HPLC-MS/MS and their safety evaluation. Biomed Mater 2023; 18. [PMID: 36649654 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acb411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of degraded products of implanted scaffolds is desirable to avoid regulatory concerns.In vivoidentification of products produced by the degradation of natural protein-based scaffolds is complex and demands the establishment of a routine analytical method. In this study, we developed a method for the identification of peptides produced by the degradation of zein bothin vitroandin vivousing high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Forin vitroexperiments, zein was degraded enzymatically and analyzed produced peptides.In vitrostudy showed cytocompatibility of peptides present in the hydrolysate of zein with no induction of apoptosis and cell senescence. Forin vivoexperiment, zein gels were prepared and subcutaneously implanted in rats. Peptides produced by the degradation of zein were identified and few were selected as targeted (unique peptides) and two peptides were synthesized as the reference sequence of these peptides. Further, peptide analysis using HPLC-MS/MS of different organs was performed after 2 and 8 weeks of implantation of zein gel in rats. It was found that zein-originated peptides were accumulated in different organs. QQHIIGGALF or peptides with same fractions were identified as unique peptides. These peptides were also found in control rats with regular rat feed, which means the degradation of implanted zein biomaterial produced food related peptides of non-toxic nature. Furthermore, hemotoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining exhibited normal features. Overall, zein degraded products showed cytocompatibility and did not induce organ toxicity, and QQHIIGGALF can act as a standard peptide for tracing and determining zein degradation. The study also provides the feasibility of complex analysis on identification and quantification of degradation products of protein-based scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Hayat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxing Yaojiao Medical Device Co. Ltd, 321 Jiachuang Road, Jiaxing 314032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Raza
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingli Hou
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwei Jia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ye Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxing Yaojiao Medical Device Co. Ltd, 321 Jiachuang Road, Jiaxing 314032, People's Republic of China
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9
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Liu G, An D, Li J, Deng S. Zein-based nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and pharmaceutical application. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1120251. [PMID: 36817160 PMCID: PMC9930992 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1120251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zein, as one of the natural and GRAS proteins in plant, is renewable, nontoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable. Over the past decade, many research efforts have been devoted to zein-based biomaterials for several industrial applications. Combining with research experiences in our research group, the preparation methods, characterizations and pharmaceutical applications of zein-based nanoparticles were summarized in this review. Zein NPs with different particle nanostructures have been prepared by chemical crosslinking, desolvating, dispersing and micromixing strategies. The pharmaceutical applications of zein NPs are mainly focus on the drug delivery. Zein NPs can improve the drug stability, increase the oral bioavailability, control the drug release and enhance the drug targeting, thereby improving the pharmaceutical effect effectively. More efforts are required to analyze the relationship among preparation methods, particle nanostructures and pharmaceutical properties in virtue of quality by design approach, and further promote the scale-up production and clinical application of zein NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijin Liu
- *Correspondence: Guijin Liu, ; Junjian Li, ; Shiming Deng,
| | | | - Junjian Li
- *Correspondence: Guijin Liu, ; Junjian Li, ; Shiming Deng,
| | - Shiming Deng
- *Correspondence: Guijin Liu, ; Junjian Li, ; Shiming Deng,
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10
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Lima IBC, Moreno LCGAI, Peres AV, Santana ACG, Carvalho A, Chaves MH, Lima L, Sousa RW, Dittz D, Rolim HML, Nunes LCC. Nanoparticles Obtained from Zein for Encapsulation of Mesalazine. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122830. [PMID: 36559323 PMCID: PMC9784488 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We encapsulated MSZ in zein nanoparticles (NP-ZN) using a desolvation method followed by drying in a mini spray dryer. These nanoparticles exhibited a size of 266.6 ± 52 nm, IPD of 0.14 ± 1.1 and zeta potential of -36.4 ± 1.5 mV, suggesting colloidal stability. Quantification using HPLC showed a drug-loaded of 43.8 µg/mg. SEM demonstrated a spherical morphology with a size variation from 220 to 400 nm. A FTIR analysis did not show drug spectra in the NPs in relation to the physical mixture, which suggests drug encapsulation without changing its chemical structure. A TGA analysis showed thermal stability up to 300 °C. In vitro release studies demonstrated gastroresistance and a sustained drug release at pH 7.4 (97.67 ± 0.32%) in 120 h. The kinetic model used for the release of MSZ from the NP-ZN in a pH 1.2 medium was the Fickian diffusion, in a pH 6.8 medium it was the Peppas-Sahlin model with the polymeric relaxation mechanism and in a pH 7.4 medium it was the Korsmeyer-Peppas model with the Fickian release mechanism, or "Case I". An in vitro cytotoxicity study in the CT26.WT cell line showed no basal cytotoxicity up to 500 μg/mL. The NP-ZN showed to be a promising vector for the sustained release of MSZ in the colon by oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Borges C. Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Medicines and Related (LITE), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
- Correspondence: (I.B.C.L.); (L.C.C.N.)
| | - Lina Clara G. A. I. Moreno
- Pharmaceutical Nanosystems Laboratory (NANOSFAR), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Ana Victória Peres
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Medicines and Related (LITE), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Nanosystems Laboratory (NANOSFAR), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Gramoza Santana
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Medicines and Related (LITE), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Adonias Carvalho
- Natural Products Laboratory (LPN), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Mariana H. Chaves
- Natural Products Laboratory (LPN), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Medicines and Related (LITE), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Nanosystems Laboratory (NANOSFAR), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Rayran Walter Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCâncer), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Dalton Dittz
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCâncer), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Hercília M. L. Rolim
- Pharmaceutical Nanosystems Laboratory (NANOSFAR), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Lívio César Cunha Nunes
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Medicines and Related (LITE), Nucleus of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
- Correspondence: (I.B.C.L.); (L.C.C.N.)
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11
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Essential oil-loaded antimicrobial and antioxidant zein/poly(lactic acid) film as active food packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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A tumor-targeted delivery of oral isoliquiritigenin through encapsulated zein phosphatidylcholine hybrid nanoparticles prevents triple-negative breast cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Utilization of different carrier agents for chlorophyll encapsulation: Characterization and kinetic stability study. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Yan X, Li M, Xu X, Liu X, Liu F. Zein-based nano-delivery systems for encapsulation and protection of hydrophobic bioactives: A review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:999373. [PMID: 36245539 PMCID: PMC9554640 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.999373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zein is a kind of excellent carrier materials to construct nano-sized delivery systems for hydrophobic bioactives, owing to its unique interfacial behavior, such as self-assembly and packing into nanoparticles. In this article, the chemical basis and preparation methods of zein nanoparticles are firstly reviewed, including chemical crosslinking, emulsification/solvent evaporation, antisolvent, pH-driven method, etc., as well as the pros and cons of different preparation methods. Various strategies to improve their physicochemical properties are then summarized. Lastly, the encapsulation and protection effects of zein-based nano-sized delivery systems (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanomicelles and nanogels) are discussed, using curcumin as a model bioactive ingredient. This review will provide guidance for the in-depth development of hydrophobic bioactives formulations and improve the application value of zein in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Moting Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xingfeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Fuguo Liu
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15
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Formulation, Characterisation and Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Peptides, Isoleucine-Proline-Proline and Leucine-Lysine-Proline in Chitosan Nanoparticles Coated with Zein for Oral Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911160. [PMID: 36232463 PMCID: PMC9570432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoleucine-Proline-Proline (IPP) and Leucine-Lysine-Proline (LKP) are food-derived tripeptides whose antihypertensive functions have been demonstrated in hypertensive rat models. However, peptides display low oral bioavailability due to poor intestinal epithelial permeability and instability. IPP and LKP were formulated into nanoparticles (NP) using chitosan (CL113) via ionotropic gelation and then coated with zein. Following addition of zein, a high encapsulation efficiency (EE) (>80%) was obtained for the NP. In simulated gastric fluid (SGF), 20% cumulative release of the peptides was achieved after 2 h, whereas in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), ~90% cumulative release was observed after 6 h. Higher colloidal stability (39−41 mV) was observed for the coated NP compared to uncoated ones (30−35 mV). In vitro cytotoxicity studies showed no reduction in cellular viability of human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 and HepG2 liver cells upon exposure to NP and NP components. Administration of NP encapsulating IPP and LKP by oral gavage to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) attenuated systolic blood pressure (SBP) for 8 h. This suggests that the NP provide appropriate release to achieve prolonged hypotensive effects in vivo. In conclusion, chitosan-zein nanoparticles (CZ NP) have potential as oral delivery system for the encapsulation of IPP and LKP.
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16
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Self-assembled zein organogels as in situ forming implant drug delivery system and 3D printing ink. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122206. [PMID: 36126824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, biomedical applications of organogels have been increasing; however, there is a demand for bio-based polymers. Here, we report self-assembled zein organogels in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and glycerol formal (GF). The gel formation was driven by the solvent's polarity and the hydrogen bonding component of Hansen Solubility Parameters was important in promoting gelation. Gels exhibited shear-thinning and thixotropic properties. Furthermore, water-induced self-assembly of zein allows mechanically robust in situ implant formation by solvent exchange. Ciprofloxacin was incorporated as a model drug and sustained release depending upon the solvent exchange rate was observed. In situ implants in agarose gel retained antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus for more than 14 days. Zein-based organogels were further applied as 3D printing ink and it was found that zein gel in DMSO had superior printability than gels prepared in NMP and GF. Using three solvents to prepare organogels can enable the encapsulation of various drugs and facilitate the preparation of composite gels with other biocompatible polymers. These organogel systems can further be used for developing 3D printed drug delivery systems or scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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17
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Wu Z, Li J, Zhang X, Li Y, Wei D, Tang L, Deng S, Liu G. Rational Fabrication of Folate-Conjugated Zein/Soy Lecithin/Carboxymethyl Chitosan Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Delivery of Docetaxel. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13371-13381. [PMID: 35474787 PMCID: PMC9025993 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work is to design and fabricate a natural zein-based nanocomposite with core-shell structure for the delivery of anticancer drugs. As for the design, folate-conjugated zein (Fa-zein) was synthesized as the inner hydrophobic core; soy lecithin (SL) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were selected as coating components to form an outer shell. As for fabrication, a novel and appropriate atomizing/antisolvent precipitation process was established. The results indicated that Fa-zein/SL/CMC core-shell nanoparticles (FZLC NPs) were successfully produced at a suitable mass ratio of Fa-zein/SL/CMC (100:30:10) and the freeze-dried FZLC powder showed a perfect redispersibility and stability in water. After that, docetaxel (DTX) as a model drug was encapsulated into FZLC NPs at different mass ratios of DTX to FZLC (MR). When MR = 1:15, DTX/FZLC NPs were obtained with high encapsulation efficiency (79.22 ± 0.37%), small particle size (206.9 ± 48.73 nm), and high zeta potential (-41.8 ± 3.97 mV). DTX was dispersed in the inner core of the FZLC matrix in an amorphous state. The results proved that DTX/FZLC NPs could increase the DTX dissolution, sustain the DTX release, and enhance the DTX cytotoxicity significantly. The present study provides insight into the formation of zein-based complex nanocarriers for the delivery of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyao Wu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Jie Li
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Yangjia Li
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Dongwei Wei
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Lichang Tang
- Beihai
Food & Drug Inspection and Testing Institute, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Shiming Deng
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Guijin Liu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
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18
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Combined plant protein modification and complex coacervation as a sustainable strategy to produce coacervates encapsulating bioactives. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Wang Q, Tang Y, Yang Y, Lei L, Lei X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li L, Wang Q, Ming J. The interaction mechanisms, and structural changes of the interaction between zein and ferulic acid under different pH conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Enhanced Stability and Oral Bioavailability of Cannabidiol in Zein and Whey Protein Composite Nanoparticles by a Modified Anti-Solvent Approach. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030376. [PMID: 35159526 PMCID: PMC8833932 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wide applications of cannabidiol (CBD) in the food and pharmaceutical industries are limited due to its low bioavailability, sensitivity to environmental pressures and low water solubility. Zein nanoparticles were stabilized by whey protein (WP) for the delivery of cannabidiol (CBD) using a modified anti-solvent approach. Particle size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency, and re-dispersibility of nanoparticles were influenced by the zein to WP ratio. Under optimized conditions at 1:4, zein–WP nanoparticles were fabricated with CBD (200 μg/mL) and further characterized. WP absorbed on zein surface via hydrogen bond, hydrophobic forces, and electrostatic attraction. The zein–WP nanoparticles showed excellent storage stability (4 °C, dark) and effectively protected CBD degradation against heat and UV light. In vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that CBD in zein–WP nanoparticles displayed 2-times and 1.75-fold enhancement in maximum concentration (C max) and the area under curve (AUC) as compared to free-form CBD. The data indicated the feasibility of developing zein–WP based nanoparticles for the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of CBD.
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21
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Biodegradable polymeric conduits: Platform materials for guided nerve regeneration and vascular tissue engineering. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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22
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Tortorella S, Maturi M, Vetri Buratti V, Vozzolo G, Locatelli E, Sambri L, Comes Franchini M. Zein as a versatile biopolymer: different shapes for different biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39004-39026. [PMID: 35492476 PMCID: PMC9044754 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the interest regarding the use of proteins as renewable resources has deeply intensified. The strongest impact of these biomaterials is clear in the field of smart medicines and biomedical engineering. Zein, a vegetal protein extracted from corn, is a suitable biomaterial for all the above-mentioned purposes due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. The controlled drug delivery of small molecules, fabrication of bioactive membranes, and 3D assembly of scaffold for tissue regeneration are just some of the topics now being extensively investigated and reported in the literature. Herein, we review the recent literature on zein as a biopolymer and its applications in the biomedical world, focusing on the different shapes and sizes through which it can be manipulated. Zein a versatile biomaterial in the biomedical field. Easy to chemically functionalize with good emulsification properties, can be employed in drug delivery, fabrication of bioactive membranes and 3D scaffolds for tissue regeneration.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tortorella
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy .,Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Via S. Pansini 5 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Mirko Maturi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Veronica Vetri Buratti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Giulia Vozzolo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Erica Locatelli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Letizia Sambri
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
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23
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Badgujar HF, Kumar U. Green Approach Towards Morphology-Controlled Synthesis of Zein-Functionalized TiO 2 Nanoparticles for Cosmeceutical Application. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106010. [PMID: 34537374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecular approaches for synthesis of inorganic nanoparticle are very popular among researchers and exhibit significant shape-directing morphologies in classified condition. The proteins are the most abundant macromolecules and employed for the hybrid synthesis as well as shape-directing agent. The present study is designed to investigate the potential role of a plant protein 'zein' to synthesize hybrid TiO2 nanoparticles. This versatile amphiphilic protein paves a unique path towards shape directing synthesis and act as template in the biomineralization process. The structural changes occurred in protein structure is thoroughly characterized using the circular dichroism (CD) and FTIR spectroscopy. UV, XPS and HRTEM analysis confirms the presence of zein on the nanoparticle surface. The proposed approach provides finely engineered nano-cuboidal (22.75±5.07 nm) geometry with homogenous dispersion, curved edged cuboids (403.51±0.05 nm) and spherical (97.85±0.62 nm) shaped from different modification, as evidenced by TEM. We also discussed in-vitro method for the detection of antimicrobial activity of nanocuboids against acne causing microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae. Our results demonstrate that hybrid nanocuboids could be an efficient green material and provide cognitive antimicrobial evidence that could be deployed for cosmeceutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina F Badgujar
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India.
| | - Umesh Kumar
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India.
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24
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Gong S, Wang D, Tao S, Hu X, Wang C, Sun Y, Zhao B, Li Y. Facile encapsulation of thymol within deamidated zein nanoparticles for enhanced stability and antibacterial properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Zhang C, Chen Z, He Y, Xian J, Luo R, Zheng C, Zhang J. Oral colon-targeting core-shell microparticles loading curcumin for enhanced ulcerative colitis alleviating efficacy. Chin Med 2021; 16:92. [PMID: 34551815 PMCID: PMC8456585 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The oral colon-targeting drug delivery vehicle is vital for the efficient application of curcumin (Cur) in ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment because of its lipophilicity and instability in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods The core–shell microparticle (MP) system composed of eco-friendly materials, zein and shellac, was fabricated using a coaxial electrospray technique. In this manner, Cur was loaded in the zein core, with shellac shell coating on it. The colon-targeting efficiency and accumulation capacity of shellac@Cur/zein MPs were evaluated using a fluorescence imaging test. The treatment effects of free Cur, Cur/zein MPs, and shellac@Cur/zein MPs in acute experimental colitis were compared. Results With the process parameters optimized, shellac@Cur/zein MPs were facilely fabricated with a stable cone-jet mode, exhibiting standard spherical shape, uniform size distribution (2.84 ± 0.15 µm), and high encapsulation efficiency (95.97% ± 3.51%). Particularly, with the protection of shellac@zein MPs, Cur exhibited sustained drug release in the simulated gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, the in vivo fluorescence imaging test indicated that the cargo loaded in shellac@zein MPs improves the colon-targeting efficiency and accumulation capacity at the colonitis site. More importantly, compared with either free Cur or Cur/zein MPs, the continuous oral administration of shellac@Cur/zein MPs for a week could efficiently inhibit inflammation in acute experimental colitis. Conclusion The shellac@Cur/zein MPs would act as an effective oral drug delivery system for UC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, PR China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yanan He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jing Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Oncology Teaching and Research Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China.
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China. .,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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26
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Surface-Tailored Zein Nanoparticles: Strategies and Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091354. [PMID: 34575430 PMCID: PMC8465254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived proteins have emerged as leading candidates in several drug and food delivery applications in diverse pharmaceutical designs. Zein is considered one of the primary plant proteins obtained from maize, and is well known for its biocompatibility and safety in biomedical fields. The ability of zein to carry various pharmaceutically active substances (PAS) position it as a valuable contender for several in vitro and in vivo applications. The unique structure and possibility of surface covering with distinct coating shells or even surface chemical modifications have enabled zein utilization in active targeted and site-specific drug delivery. This work summarizes up-to-date studies on zein formulation technology based on its structural features. Additionally, the multiple applications of zein, including drug delivery, cellular imaging, and tissue engineering, are discussed with a focus on zein-based active targeted delivery systems and antigenic response to its potential in vivo applicability.
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27
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Rejinold N S, Choi G, Piao H, Choy JH. Bovine Serum Albumin-Coated Niclosamide-Zein Nanoparticles as Potential Injectable Medicine against COVID-19. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143792. [PMID: 34300711 PMCID: PMC8307271 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: COVID-19 has affected millions of people worldwide, but countries with high experimental anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination rates among the general population respectively show progress in achieving general herd immunity in the population (a combination of natural and vaccine-induced acquired immunity), resulting in a significant reduction in both newly detected infections and mortality rates. However, the longevity of the vaccines’ ability to provide protection against the ongoing pandemic is still unclear. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have new medications to fight against the pandemic at the earliest point possible. Recently, it has been found that repurposing already existing drugs could, in fact, be an ideal strategy to formulate effective medication for COVID-19. Though there are many FDA-approved drugs, it has been found that niclosamide (NIC), an anthelmintic drug, has significantly high potential against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (2) Methods: Here we deployed a simple self-assembling technique through which Zein nanoparticles were successfully used to encapsulate NIC, which was then coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in order to improve the drugs’ stability, injectablity, and selectivity towards the virus-infected cells. (3) Results: The particle size for the BSA-stabilized Zein-NIC nanohybrid was found to be less than 200 nm, with excellent colloidal stability and sustained drug release properties. In addition, the nanohybrid showed enhanced drug release behavior under serum conditions, indicating that such a hybrid drug delivery system could be highly beneficial for treating COVID-19 patients suffering from high endothelial glycocalyx damage followed by a cytokine storm related to the severe inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoj Rejinold N
- Intelligent Nanohybrid Materials Laboratory (INML), Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (S.R.N.); (G.C.); (H.P.)
| | - Goeun Choi
- Intelligent Nanohybrid Materials Laboratory (INML), Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (S.R.N.); (G.C.); (H.P.)
- College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Huiyan Piao
- Intelligent Nanohybrid Materials Laboratory (INML), Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (S.R.N.); (G.C.); (H.P.)
| | - Jin-Ho Choy
- Intelligent Nanohybrid Materials Laboratory (INML), Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (S.R.N.); (G.C.); (H.P.)
- Department of Pre-medical Course, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Correspondence:
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28
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Coroli A, Romano R, Saccani A, Raddadi N, Mele E, Mascia L. An In-Vitro Evaluation of the Characteristics of Zein-Based Films for the Release of Lactobionic Acid and the Effects of Oleic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1826. [PMID: 34072945 PMCID: PMC8198277 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobionic acid (LBA) is widely used in different industrial sectors owing to its biocompatibility characteristics as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this study, mixtures of the protein zein with LBA and with the addition of oleic acid (OA) as a ternary system were investigated as drug delivery films for the release of LBA. The chosen combinations exploit the vast difference in water solubility between LBA and the other two components (zein and OA). DSC thermograms and dynamic mechanical spectra, alongside electron microscopy images, were used to describe the microstructural features of the films and were found to provide insights for the release of LBA from the two examined zein-based films immersed in an aqueous physiological solution. For both film systems, a burst release behavior was observed, followed by a rapid and total extraction of LBA. The required immersion time for the total extraction of LBA was greatly reduced when oleic acid was added to the precursor solution mixture for producing the films. The LBA released from the zein-based films was found to exhibit both the expected antioxidant properties as well as exerting bacteriostatic effects towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Coroli
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Andrea Saccani
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Noura Raddadi
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.C.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Elisa Mele
- Materials Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Leno Mascia
- Materials Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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29
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Effect of Curcumin-Hydroxypropyl-$$\beta$$-Cyclodextrin Complex and the Complex Loaded Gelatin Carrageenan Microparticles on the Various Chemical and Biological Properties. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Zhang X, Dong C, Hu Y, Gao M, Luan G. Zein as a structural protein in gluten-free systems: an overview. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Dodero A, Schlatter G, Hébraud A, Vicini S, Castellano M. Polymer-free cyclodextrin and natural polymer-cyclodextrin electrospun nanofibers: A comprehensive review on current applications and future perspectives. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:118042. [PMID: 33910745 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present review discusses the use of cyclodextrins and their derivatives to prepare electrospun nanofibers with specific features. Cyclodextrins, owing to their unique capability to form inclusion complexes with hydrophobic and volatile molecules, can indeed facilitate the encapsulation of bioactive compounds in electrospun nanofibers allowing fast-dissolving products for food, biomedical, and pharmaceutical purposes, filtering materials for wastewater and air purification, as well as a variety of other technological applications. Additionally, cyclodextrins can improve the processability of naturally occurring biopolymers helping the fabrication of "green" materials with a strong industrial relevance. Hence, this review provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art of different cyclodextrins-based nanofibers including those made of pure cyclodextrins, of polycyclodextrins, and those made of natural biopolymer functionalized with cyclodextrins. To this end, the advantages and disadvantages of such approaches and their possible applications are investigated along with the current limitations in the exploitation of electrospinning at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dodero
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16146, Italy
| | - Guy Schlatter
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), CNRS UMR 7515, ECPM - University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France.
| | - Anne Hébraud
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), CNRS UMR 7515, ECPM - University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Silvia Vicini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16146, Italy
| | - Maila Castellano
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16146, Italy.
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Yin Y, Zhou F, Yin Y, Peng Y. Development of water-soluble zein colloid particles and in situ antibacterial evaluation by multiple headspace extraction gas chromatography. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Enhanced Stability of Indocyanine Green by Encapsulation in Zein-Phosphatidylcholine Hybrid Nanoparticles for Use in the Phototherapy of Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030305. [PMID: 33652884 PMCID: PMC7996753 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a clinically approved near-infrared dye that has shown promise as a photosensitizer for the phototherapy of cancer. However, its chemical instability in an aqueous solution has limited its clinical application. Encapsulating ICG in liposomes, phosphatidylcholine nanoparticles (PC-NP), has shown partial effectiveness in stabilizing it. Prompted by our recent finding that the zein-phosphatidylcholine hybrid nanoparticles (Z/PC-NP) provide an advanced drug carrier compared to PC-NP, we herein investigated the potential of Z/PC-NP as an improved ICG formulation. Dynamic light scattering analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy studies showed that ICG was encapsulated in Z/PC-NP without hampering the high colloidal stability of the Z/PC-NP. During storage, the Z/PC-NP almost completely inhibited the ICG aggregation, whereas the PC-NP did so partially. The Z/PC-NP also more effectively blocked the ICG degradation compared to the PC-NP. The phototoxicity of ICG encapsulated in Z/PC-NP on cancer cells was twofold higher than that in the PC-NP. The ICG encapsulated in Z/PC-NP, but not in PC-NP, maintained its photocytotoxicity after four-day storage. These findings highlight the promising potential of Z/PC-NP as an ICG formulation that provides a higher stabilization effect than PC-NP.
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Gagliardi A, Voci S, Salvatici MC, Fresta M, Cosco D. Brij-stabilized zein nanoparticles as potential drug carriers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 201:111647. [PMID: 33639515 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to provide a preliminary physico-chemical characterization of zein nanosystems prepared with various Brij surfactants (for the first time to the best of our knowledge) as a function of various external stimuli such as temperature, pH, serum incubation and the freeze-drying process. The results demonstrate that when Brijs are characterized by unsaturation (C18), considerable stabilization of the colloidal structure is promoted while the length of the polyethylene glycol fraction does not significantly modulate the physico-chemical properties of the nanosystems. Specifically, dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis demonstrated that the use of 0.2 % w/v of Brij O10 promoted the formation of stable zein nanosystems with mean sizes of ∼150 nm and a narrow size distribution, preserving their structures at various pHs and temperatures. The use of mannitol as cryoprotectant resulted in a formulation that can easily be re-suspended in water after the freeze-drying process. This nanoformulation demonstrated that it efficiently retained different amounts of both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds and showed a prolonged release of the entrapped molecules. In addition, the nanosystems showed a favorable degree of in vitro safety on various cell lines when a concentration <50 μg/mL of protein was used, demonstrating the potential application of Brij O10-stabilized zein nanoparticles as innovative nanocarriers of several active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gagliardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Voci
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Salvatici
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM)-Electron Microscopy Centre (Ce.M.E.), National Reasearch Council (CNR), via Madonna del Piano n. 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Notario-Pérez F, Cazorla-Luna R, Martín-Illana A, Galante J, Ruiz-Caro R, Sarmento B, das Neves J, Veiga MD. Influence of Plasticizers on the pH-Dependent Drug Release and Cellular Interactions of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose/Zein Vaginal Anti-HIV Films Containing Tenofovir. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:938-948. [PMID: 33405910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vaginal films featuring the pH-dependent release of tenofovir (TFV) were developed for the prevention of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV). Films based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and zein were prepared incorporating different plasticizers [oleic acid, lactic acid, glycerol, and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG)] and evaluated for in vitro drug release in an acidic simulated vaginal fluid (pH 4.2) and a slightly alkaline mixture of simulated seminal and vaginal fluids (pH 7.5). Results revealed that optimal biphasic TFV release was possible with proper combination of plasticizers (PEG and oleic acid, 1:7 w/w) and by adjusting the plasticizer/matrix-forming material ratio. The films had similar or higher levels of TFV associated with genital epithelial cells (Ca Ski or HEC-1-A cells) but lower drug permeability compared to the free drug. These data confirm that films have the potential to achieve suitable mucosal levels of TFV with low systemic exposure. The films developed could protect women from HIV sexual transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Notario-Pérez
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Cazorla-Luna
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Martín-Illana
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Galante
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Ruiz-Caro
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - José das Neves
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.,CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - María-Dolores Veiga
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Li Z, Lei L, Huo M, Liu Z, Yang X, Wang Y, Yuan Y. Interactions and complex stabilities of grape seed procyanidins with zein hydrolysate. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Zi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Min‐Xi Huo
- Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd Guangzhou 511447 China
| | - Zi‐Rui Liu
- Guangdong Science and Technology Cooperation Center Guangzhou 510033 China
| | - Xin‐Quan Yang
- School of Life Sciences Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
- Office of Science and Research Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yu‐Lin Wang
- Office of Science and Research Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China
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37
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Facile preparation of succinylated-zein-ZIF-8 hybrid for enhanced stability and pH-responsive drug delivery. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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38
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Tavares Junior AG, de Araújo JTC, Meneguin AB, Chorilli M. Characteristics, Properties and Analytical/Bioanalytical Methods of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:1000-1014. [PMID: 33258695 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1848516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Five-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is an anti-inflammatory drug indicated in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Among the analytical methods of quantification of 5-ASA described in the literature, the High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography stands out, a sensitive technique but with a high cost. In recent years, alternative methods have been developed, presenting efficiency and reduced cost, such as UV/visible spectrophotometric, spectrofluorescent, and electrochemical methods, techniques recommended for the application in quality control and quantification of 5-ASA in pharmaceutical forms and biological fluids. This article aims to review the physicochemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, controlled release systems, and the different analytical and bioanalytical methods for the quantification of 5-ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Afonso BS, Azevedo AG, Gonçalves C, Amado IR, Ferreira EC, Pastrana LM, Cerqueira MA. Bio-Based Nanoparticles as a Carrier of β-Carotene: Production, Characterisation and In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion. Molecules 2020; 25:E4497. [PMID: 33008004 PMCID: PMC7582681 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-carotene loaded bio-based nanoparticles (NPs) were produced by the solvent-displacement method using two polymers: zein and ethylcellulose. The production of NPs was optimised through an experimental design and characterised in terms of average size and polydispersity index. The processing conditions that allowed to obtain NPs (<100 nm) were used for β-carotene encapsulation. Then β-carotene loaded NPs were characterised in terms of zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. Transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed for further morphological and chemical characterisation. In the end, a static in vitro digestion following the INFOGEST protocol was performed and the bioaccessibility of β-carotene encapsulated in both NPs was determined. Results show that the best conditions for a size-controlled production with a narrow size distribution are lower polymer concentrations and higher antisolvent concentrations. The encapsulation of β-carotene in ethylcellulose NPs resulted in nanoparticles with a mean average size of 60 ± 9 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 74 ± 2%. β-carotene loaded zein-based NPs resulted in a mean size of 83 ± 8 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 93 ± 4%. Results obtained from the in vitro digestion showed that β-carotene bioaccessibility when encapsulated in zein NPs is 37 ± 1%, which is higher than the value of 8.3 ± 0.1% obtained for the ethylcellulose NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz S. Afonso
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.S.A.); (E.C.F.)
| | - Ana G. Azevedo
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.A.); (C.G.); (I.R.A.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Catarina Gonçalves
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.A.); (C.G.); (I.R.A.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Isabel R. Amado
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.A.); (C.G.); (I.R.A.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Eugénio C. Ferreira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.S.A.); (E.C.F.)
| | - Lorenzo M. Pastrana
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.A.); (C.G.); (I.R.A.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Miguel A. Cerqueira
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.A.); (C.G.); (I.R.A.); (L.M.P.)
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Araújo JTCD, Lima LA, Vale EP, Martin-Pastor M, Lima RA, Silva PGDB, Sousa FFOD. Toxicological and genotoxic evaluation of anacardic acid loaded-zein nanoparticles in mice. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1207-1215. [PMID: 32995295 PMCID: PMC7502790 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid extracted from cashew nut shells of Anacardium occidentale L has demonstrated important biological activities, such as antibacterial activity against the cariogenic specie Streptococcus mutans. Zein nanoparticles containing anacardic acid (9.375 μg/mL) were evaluated in terms of toxicity and genotoxicity in vivo. The subacute toxicity assay was used to evaluate the cumulative effects of the oral administration of nanoencapsulated anacardic acid at 2.25 and 112.5 μg/kg for 7 days in mice, simulating a mouth rinse short-term clinical course treatment. Blank zein nanoparticles and saline solution 0.9 % were used as negative controls. Peripheral blood samples were collected to evaluate the genotoxicity in polychromatic erythrocytes using the micronucleus test. The animals were anesthetized, euthanized and the target organs collected, weighed and submitted to histopathological analysis. Liver, kidney and spleen relative weights did not change. Nevertheless, stomach, lung and heart increased the relative weights in the group receiving the highest dose, in which occasional histopathological findings were also identified. Both doses maintained the micronucleus frequency within the normal range and the animals treated with the highest dose presented a discrete weight lost, which could explain the organs' relative weight reductions. Blank and anacardic acid loaded zein nanoparticles were nontoxic when administered repeatedly for 7 days, as no relevant histopathological changes neither genotoxicity were observed. These preparations demonstrated limited toxicity under the conditions used in this study and could become an antibacterial alternative for preventing/treating oral infections in short-term treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Thayanne Cavalcante de Araújo
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amapa. Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 2, Jd. Marco Zero, 68.903-419, Macapa, AP, Brazil
| | - Laís Aragão Lima
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus. Rua Joao Adolfe Gurgel, 133, Bairro Coco, 60190-060, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Everton Pantoja Vale
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 2, Jd. Marco Zero, Macapa, AP, Brazil
| | - Manuel Martin-Pastor
- Unidade de Resonancia Magnética, RIAIDT, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ramille Araújo Lima
- Department of Dentistry, Unichristus. Rua Joao Adolfe Gurgel, 133, Bairro Coco, 60190-060, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Fabio Oliveira de Sousa
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amapa. Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 2, Jd. Marco Zero, 68.903-419, Macapa, AP, Brazil
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 2, Jd. Marco Zero, Macapa, AP, Brazil
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Zhang H, Liu X, Ma X. The preparation of felodipine/zein amorphous solid dispersions and in vitro evaluation using a dynamic gastrointestinal system. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:1226-1237. [PMID: 32787680 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1809456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRCT Felodipine has been widely used as a poorly water-soluble model drug for various studies to improve its oral bioavailability and in vivo efficacy. In this study, we developed amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) via spray drying to enhance the bioavailability of felodipine through using natural zein protein as a novel polymeric excipient. The solid state characterization results demonstrated a single glass transition temperature (Tg ) around 128.6 °C and good physical stability post 3 months accelerated study under the condition of 40 °C and 75% relative humidity (RH), which is possibly accounted for the molecular immobilization and hydrogen bonding interactions between felodipine and zein. By combining the in vitro dissolution study with TIM-1 gastrointestinal simulation investigation, it is indicated that felodipine was rapidly released from the ASD in 30 mins, and the supersaturation of felodipine was well maintained over 6 h, which resulted in a significant enhancement of felodipine bioavailability during simulated digestive processes in the upper GI tract. This study suggests that spray drying combined with natural excipient zein is an efficient formulation strategy for the development of ASDs with enhanced aqueous solubility and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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42
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Zein-based micro- and nano-constructs and biologically therapeutic cues with multi-functionalities for oral drug delivery systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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43
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Georgilis E, Abdelghani M, Pille J, Aydinlioglu E, van Hest JC, Lecommandoux S, Garanger E. Nanoparticles based on natural, engineered or synthetic proteins and polypeptides for drug delivery applications. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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44
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Comparative Study on Protein-Rich Electrospun Fibers for in Vitro Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081671. [PMID: 32727080 PMCID: PMC7463886 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is the leading technology to fabricate fibrous scaffolds that mimic the architecture of the extracellular matrix of natural tissues. In order to improve the biological response, a consolidated trend involves the blending of synthetic polymers with natural proteins to form protein-rich fibers that include selected biochemical cues able to more actively support in vitro cell interaction. In this study, we compared protein-rich fibers fabricated via electrospinning by the blending of poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) with three different proteins, i.e., gelatin, zein, and keratin, respectively. We demonstrated that the peculiar features of the proteins used significantly influence the morphological properties, in terms of fiber size and distribution. Moreover, keratin drastically enhances the fiber hydrophilicity (water contact angle equal to 44.3° ± 3.9°) with positive effects on cell interaction, as confirmed by the higher proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) until 7 days. By contrast, gelatin and zein not equally contribute to the fiber wettability (water contact angles equal to 95.2° ± 1.2° and 76.3° ± 4.0°, respectively) due to morphological constraints, i.e., broader fiber diameter distribution ascribable to the non-homogeneous presence of the protein along the fibers, or chemical constrains, i.e., large amount of non-polar amino acids. According to in vitro experimental studies, which included SEM and confocal microscopy analyses and vitality assay, we concluded that keratin is the most promising protein to be combined with PCL for the fabrication of biologically instructive fibers for in vitro applications.
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Freitas B, Lavrador P, Almeida RJ, Gaspar VM, Mano JF. Self-Assembled Bioactive Colloidal Gels as Injectable Multiparticle Shedding Platforms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31282-31291. [PMID: 32569459 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled colloidal gels are highly versatile 3D nanocluster platforms with potential to overcome the rapid clearing issues associated with standard free nanotherapeutics administration. However, the development of nanoassembled colloidal gels exhibiting autonomous multiparticle release from the bulk particle network remains elusive. Herein, we generated multiparticle colloidal gels from two nanosized building blocks: cationic poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-polyethylenimine (PLGA-PEI) nanoparticles and anionic zein-hyaluronan (HA) nanogels that assemble into macrosized 3D constructs via attractive electrostatic forces. The resulting colloidal gels exhibited high stability in complex culture medium as well as fit-to-shape moldable properties and injectability. Moreover, nanoassembled colloidal gels encapsulated bioactive quercetin flavonoids with high loading efficacy and presented remarkable anti-inflammatory activities, reducing key proinflammatory biomarkers in inflammation-activated macrophages. More importantly, because of their rationally selected building blocks zein-HA/PLGA-PEI, self-assembled colloidal platforms displayed autonomous multiparticle shedding. Both positive and negative particles released from the colloidal system were efficiently internalized by macrophages along time as evidenced by quantitative particle uptake analysis. Overall, the generated nanostructured gels represent an implantable versatile platform for focalized multiparticle delivery. In addition, the possibility to combine a higher number of particle species with different properties or stimuli-responsiveness enables the manufacturing of combinatorial nanostructured gels for numerous biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Freitas
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lavrador
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui J Almeida
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vítor M Gaspar
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Influence of Various Model Compounds on the Rheological Properties of Zein-Based Gels. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143174. [PMID: 32664560 PMCID: PMC7397198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The controlled release of a compound entrapped in a biocompatible formulation is a sought-after goal in modern pharmaceutical technology. Zein is a hydrophobic protein which has several advantageous properties that make it suitable for use as a biocompatible and degradable material under physiological conditions. It is, therefore, proposed for different biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. In particular, due to its gelling properties, it can be used to form a polymeric network able to preserve biomolecules from harsh environments. The current study was designed to investigate the influence of different probes on the rheological properties of gels made up of zein, in order to characterize the systems as a function of the polymer concentration. Four model compounds characterized by different physico-chemical properties were entrapped in zein gels, and different behaviors (viscoelastic or pronounced solid-like characteristics) of the systems were observed. Zein-based gels showed various release profiles of the encapsulated compounds, suggesting that there are different interaction rates between the probes and the polymeric matrix.
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Yu X, Wu H, Hu H, Dong Z, Dang Y, Qi Q, Wang Y, Du S, Lu Y. Zein nanoparticles as nontoxic delivery system for maytansine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:100-109. [PMID: 31870183 PMCID: PMC6968508 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1704942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Maytansine (DM1) is a potent anticancer drug and limited in clinical application due to its poor water solubility and toxic side effects. Zein is widely used in nano drug delivery systems due to its good biocompatibility. In this study, we prepared DM1-loaded zein nanoparticles (ZNPs) to achieve tumor targeting and reduce toxic side effects of DM1. Methods: ZNPs were prepared by phase separation and Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the formulation. Then, confocal fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry were used to determine cellular uptake of ZNPs. A549 cells were cultured in vitro to study cytotoxicity and used to establish tumor xenografts in nude mice. Biodistribution and antitumor activity of ZNPs were performed in vivo experiments. In addition, we also performed histological and immunohistochemical examinations on tumors and viscera. Results: The optimal prescription was obtained by using 120 μL zein added to 2 mL water under stirring in 300 rpm. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were 82.97 ± 0.80% and 3.32 ± 0.03%, respectively. We found that DM1-loaded ZNPs have a strong inhibitory effect on A549 cells, which stemmed from the ability of ZNPs to enhance cellular uptake. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DM1-loaded ZNPs exhibits a better antitumor efficacy than DM1, which tumor inhibition rate were 97.3% and 92.7%, respectively. The biodistribution revealed that ZNPs could targeted to tumor. Finally, we confirmed by histological that DM1-loaded ZNPs are nontoxic. Conclusion: DM1-loaded ZNPs have considerable antitumor activity. Thus, DM1-loaded ZNPs are a promising treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huichao Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yunni Dang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Cai T, Xiao P, Yu N, Zhou Y, Mao J, Peng H, Deng S. A novel pectin from Akebia trifoliata var. australis fruit peel and its use as a wall-material to coat curcumin-loaded zein nanoparticle. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:40-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Paramita VD, Panyoyai N, Kasapis S. Molecular Functionality of Plant Proteins from Low- to High-Solid Systems with Ligand and Co-Solute. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2550. [PMID: 32268602 PMCID: PMC7178117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the food industry, proteins are regarded as multifunctional systems whose bioactive hetero-polymeric properties are affected by physicochemical interactions with the surrounding components in formulations. Due to their nutritional value, plant proteins are increasingly considered by the new product developer to provide three-dimensional assemblies of required structure, texture, solubility and interfacial/bulk stability with physical, chemical or enzymatic treatment. This molecular flexibility allows them to form systems for the preservation of fresh food, retention of good nutrition and interaction with a range of microconstituents. While, animal- and milk-based proteins have been widely discussed in the literature, the role of plant proteins in the development of functional foods with enhanced nutritional profile and targeted physiological effects can be further explored. This review aims to look into the molecular functionality of plant proteins in relation to the transport of bioactive ingredients and interaction with other ligands and proteins. In doing so, it will consider preparations from low- to high-solids and the effect of structural transformation via gelation, phase separation and vitrification on protein functionality as a delivery vehicle or heterologous complex. Applications for the design of novel functional foods and nutraceuticals will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilia Darma Paramita
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Ujung Pandang, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Naksit Panyoyai
- Department of Agroindustry, Rajabhat Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50330, Thailand;
| | - Stefan Kasapis
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Plenty Road, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
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Schwestka J, Tschofen M, Vogt S, Marcel S, Grillari J, Raith M, Swoboda I, Stoger E. Plant-derived protein bodies as delivery vehicles for recombinant proteins into mammalian cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:1037-1047. [PMID: 31956981 PMCID: PMC7079162 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of biopharmaceuticals into micro- or nanoparticles is a strategy frequently used to prevent degradation or to achieve the slow release of therapeutics and vaccines. Protein bodies (PBs), which occur naturally as storage organelles in seeds, can be used as such carrier vehicles. The fusion of the N-terminal sequence of the maize storage protein, γ-zein, to other proteins is sufficient to induce the formation of PBs, which can be used to bioencapsulate recombinant proteins directly in the plant production host. In addition, the immunostimulatory effects of zein have been reported, which are advantageous for vaccine delivery. However, little is known about the interaction between zein PBs and mammalian cells. To better understand this interaction, fluorescent PBs, resulting from the fusion of the N-terminal portion of zein to a green fluorescent protein, was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, recovered by a filtration-based downstream procedure, and used to investigate their internalization efficiency into mammalian cells. We show that fluorescent PBs were efficiently internalized into intestinal epithelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) at a higher rate than polystyrene beads of comparable size. Furthermore, we observed that PBs stimulated cytokine secretion by epithelial cells, a characteristic that may confer vaccine adjuvant activities through the recruitment of APCs. Taken together, these results support the use of zein fusion proteins in developing novel approaches for drug delivery based on controlled protein packaging into plant PBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schwestka
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Marc Tschofen
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | | | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin AgingUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyViennaAustria
| | - Marianne Raith
- Biotechnology Section, FH Campus WienUniversity of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna BiocenterViennaAustria
| | - Ines Swoboda
- Biotechnology Section, FH Campus WienUniversity of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna BiocenterViennaAustria
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
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