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Sultana T, Malik K, Raja NI, Mashwani ZUR, Hameed A, Ullah R, Alqahtani AS, Sohail. Aflatoxins in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea): Prevalence, Global Health Concern, and Management from an Innovative Nanotechnology Approach: A Mechanistic Repertoire and Future Direction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25555-25574. [PMID: 38911815 PMCID: PMC11190918 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Arachis hypogaea is the most significant oilseed nutritious legume crop in agricultural trade across the world. It is recognized as a valued crop for its contributions to nourishing food, as a cooking oil, and for meeting the protein needs of people who are unable to afford animal protein. Currently, its production, marketability, and consumption are hindered because of Aspergillus species infection that consequently contaminates the kernels with aflatoxins. Regarding health concerns, humans and animals are affected by acute and chronic aflatoxin toxicity and millions of people are at high risk of chronic levels. Most methods used to store peanuts are traditional and serve effectively for short-term storage. Now the question for long-term storage has been raised, and this promptly finds potential approaches to the issue. It is imperative to reduce the aflatoxin levels in peanuts to a permissible level by introducing detoxifying innovations. Most of the detoxification reports mention physical, chemical, and biological techniques. However, many current approaches are impractical because of time consumption, loss of nutritional quality, or weak detoxifying efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate practical, economical, and green methods to control Aspergillus flavus that address current global food security problems. Herein, a green and economically revolutionary way is a nanotechnology that has demonstrated its potential to connect farmers to markets, elevate international marketability, improve human and animal health conditions, and enhance food quality and safety by the management of fungal diseases. Due to the antimicrobial potential of nanoparticles, they act as nanofungicides and have an incredible role in the control of aflatoxins. Nanoparticles have ultrasmall sizes and therefore penetrate the fungal body and invade the pathogen machinery, leading to fungal cell death by ROS production, mutation in DNA, disruption of organelles, and membrane leakage. This is the first mechanistic overview that unveils a comprehensive insight into aflatoxin contamination in peanuts, its prevalence, health effects, and management in addition to nanotechnological interventions that serve as a triple defense approach to detoxify aflatoxins. The optimum use of nanofungicides ensures food safety and the development of goals, especially "zero hunger".
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Sultana
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Khafsa Malik
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Iqbal Raja
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Hameed
- Department
of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail
- College
of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou
University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
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Mosallam FM, Helmy EA, Nasser HA, El-Batal AI. Novel griseofulvin zinc nanohybrid emulsion for intensifying the antimicrobial control of dermatophytes and some opportunistic pathogens. J Mycol Med 2024; 34:101489. [PMID: 38925022 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Dermatophytosis is a critical sort of skin infection caused by dermatophytes. The long-term treatment of such skin infections may be improved through the application of nanotechnology. This study aimed to prepare griseofulvin zinc Nanohybrid emulsion (GF-Zn-NHE) to improve griseofulvin activity against dermatophytes and some opportunistic pathogenic yeasts and bacteria. The GF-Zn-NHE is prepared by ultra-homogenization ultra-sonication strategies and validated by UV-visible spectroscopy analysis that confirms presences of griseofulvin and Zn-NPs peaks at 265 and 360 nm, respectively. The GF-Zn-NHE has mean distribution size 50 nm and zeta potential in the range from -40 to -36 mV with no significant changes in size distribution and particle size within 120 day ageing. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum confirmed the presence of griseofulvin and Zn-NPs stretching vibration peaks. Gamma ray has a negative influence on GF-Zn-NE production and stability. GF-Zn-NHE drug release 95% up to 24 h and 98% up to 72 h of GF was observed and Zinc 90% up to 24 h and 95% up to 72 h, respectively. High antimicrobial activity was observed with GF-Zn-NHE against dermatophytic pathogens in compare with GF, GF-NE, zinc nitrate and ketoconazole with inhibition zone ranged from 14 to 36 mm. The results have shown that the MIC value for Cryptococcus neoformans, Prophyromonas gingivalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 0.125 mg ml -1 and for Trichophyton rubrum, L. bulgaricus and Escherichia coli value is 0.25 mg ml -1 and for Candida albicans, Malassezia furfur and Enterococcus faecalis is 0.5 mg ml -1 and finally 1 mg ml -1 for Streptococcus mutans. TEM of treated Cryptococcus neoformans cells with GF-Zn-NHE displayed essentially modified morphology, degradation, damage of organelles, vacuoles and other structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farag M Mosallam
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Microbiology Lab., Biotechnology Division, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Helmy
- Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology (RCMB), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah A Nasser
- Microbilogy and Public health Department, Faculty of pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I El-Batal
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Microbiology Lab., Biotechnology Division, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Izadi A, Paknia F, Roostaee M, Mousavi SAA, Barani M. Advancements in nanoparticle-based therapies for multidrug-resistant candidiasis infections: a comprehensive review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:332001. [PMID: 38749415 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad4bed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Candida auris, a rapidly emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, poses a global health threat, with cases reported in over 47 countries. Conventional detection methods struggle, and the increasing resistance ofC. auristo antifungal agents has limited treatment options. Nanoparticle-based therapies, utilizing materials like silver, carbon, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, polymer, and gold, show promise in effectively treating cutaneous candidiasis. This review explores recent advancements in nanoparticle-based therapies, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize antifungal therapy, particularly in combatingC. aurisinfections. The discussion delves into mechanisms of action, combinations of nanomaterials, and their application against multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens, offering exciting prospects for improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality rates. The aim is to inspire further research, ushering in a new era in the fight against multidrug-resistant fungal infections, paving the way for more effective and targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Izadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Paknia
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-154, Iran
| | - Maryam Roostaee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Amin Ayatollahi Mousavi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75168, Iran
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Tarannum N, Pooja K, Jakhar S, Mavi A. Nanoparticles assisted intra and transdermic delivery of antifungal ointment: an updated review. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:11. [PMID: 38195832 PMCID: PMC10776542 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03932-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This review paper highlights the trans-dermic delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) based antifungal ointments with the help of nanotechnology. It also describes the novel trans-dermal approach utilizing various nanoparticles which enables an efficient delivery to the target site. This current review gives an overview about past research and developments as well as the current nanoparticle-based ointments. This review also presents data regarding types, causes of infection, and different pathogens within their infection site. It also gives information about antifungal ointments with their activity and side effects of antifungal medicines. Additionally, this review also focuses on the future aspects of the topical administration of nanoparticle-based antifungal ointments. These nanoparticles can encapsulate multiple antifungal drugs as a combination therapy targeting different aspects of fungal infection. Nanoparticles can be designed in such a way that they can specifically target fungal cells and do not affect healthy cells. Nanoparticle based antifungal ointments exhibit outstanding potential to treat fungal diseases. As further research and advancements evolve in nanotechnology, we expect more development of nanoparticle-based antifungal formulations shortly. This paper discusses all the past and future applications, recent trends, and developments in the various field and also shows its bright prospective in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Tarannum
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Km Pooja
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivani Jakhar
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshika Mavi
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kenoth R, Pothuraju S, Anand Prabu A, Kamlekar RK. Spectroscopic and thermodynamic characterization of the interaction between sugar-stabilised silver nanoparticles and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a chitin binding lectin. Carbohydr Res 2024; 535:109014. [PMID: 38157585 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have lately been investigated in agriculture as eco-friendly and effective antifungal agents. Many nanomaterials, notably metal nanoparticles, have strong antifungal properties. Among metal nanoparticles, Ag nanoparticles have received the most attention as antifungal agents. Many plant lectins have been identified as antifungal agents. Conjugating AgNPs with antifungal lectins is thus expected to improve Ag nanoparticle antifungal efficacy. Understanding the molecular interactions and physical features of lectin-sugar-stabilised nanoparticle conjugates is critical for future applications. WGA has traditionally been used as an anti-tumor and antifungal agent. To investigate the prospect of developing an effective biocompatible antifungal system with applications in medicine and agriculture, fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the interaction between sugar-stabilised silver nanoparticles and WGA. During the association, protein intrinsic fluorescence emission is suppressed by about ∼15 % at saturation, with no significant shift in fluorescence emission maxima. Binding tests reveal a strong bond. Stern-Volmer analysis of the quenching data indicates that the interaction happens via a static quenching process that induces complex formation. The study of hemagglutination activity and interaction experiments in the presence of particular sugar shows that the lectin's sugar-binding site is separate from the nanoparticle-binding site, and cell recognition is conserved in the lectin-nanoparticle complex. The Van't Hoff plot thermodynamic parameters suggest that the contact is hydrophobic. The fact that ΔGo is negative shows that the binding is a spontaneous process. CD spectroscopy experiments reveal that the lectin's secondary structure is not affected while binding to the nanoparticle. Our findings suggest that a stable WGA-silver nanoparticle combination may emerge for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Kenoth
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT Vellore, Vellore-632104. TN. India.
| | - Surendra Pothuraju
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT Vellore, Vellore-632104. TN. India
| | - A Anand Prabu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT Vellore, Vellore-632104. TN. India
| | - Ravi Kanth Kamlekar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT Vellore, Vellore-632104. TN. India.
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Zhu X, Chen Y, Yu D, Fang W, Liao W, Pan W. Progress in the application of nanoparticles for the treatment of fungal infections: A review. Mycology 2023; 15:1-16. [PMID: 38558835 PMCID: PMC10977003 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2285764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The burden of fungal infections on human health is increasing worldwide. Aspergillus, Candida, and Cryptococcus are the top three human pathogenic fungi that are responsible for over 90% of infection-related deaths. Moreover, effective antifungal therapeutics are lacking, primarily due to host toxicity, pathogen resistance, and immunodeficiency. In recent years, nanomaterials have proved not only to be more efficient antifungal therapeutic agents but also to overcome resistance against fungal medication. This review will examine the limitations of standard antifungal therapy as well as focus on the development of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youming Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of General Practice, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqing Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Zúñiga-Miranda J, Guerra J, Mueller A, Mayorga-Ramos A, Carrera-Pacheco SE, Barba-Ostria C, Heredia-Moya J, Guamán LP. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Their Antimicrobial Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2919. [PMID: 37999273 PMCID: PMC10674528 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance caused by inappropriate use of these agents in various settings has become a global health threat. Nanotechnology offers the potential for the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) with antimicrobial activity, such as iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). The use of IONPs is a promising way to overcome antimicrobial resistance or pathogenicity because of their ability to interact with several biological molecules and to inhibit microbial growth. In this review, we outline the pivotal findings over the past decade concerning methods for the green synthesis of IONPs using bacteria, fungi, plants, and organic waste. Subsequently, we delve into the primary challenges encountered in green synthesis utilizing diverse organisms and organic materials. Furthermore, we compile the most common methods employed for the characterization of these IONPs. To conclude, we highlight the applications of these IONPs as promising antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Zúñiga-Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (J.Z.-M.); (A.M.-R.); (S.E.C.-P.); (J.H.-M.)
| | - Julio Guerra
- Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100107, Ecuador;
| | - Alexander Mueller
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
| | - Arianna Mayorga-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (J.Z.-M.); (A.M.-R.); (S.E.C.-P.); (J.H.-M.)
| | - Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (J.Z.-M.); (A.M.-R.); (S.E.C.-P.); (J.H.-M.)
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- Escuela de Medicina, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Quito, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador;
- Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Heredia-Moya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (J.Z.-M.); (A.M.-R.); (S.E.C.-P.); (J.H.-M.)
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (J.Z.-M.); (A.M.-R.); (S.E.C.-P.); (J.H.-M.)
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Periferakis AT, Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Antimicrobial Properties of Capsaicin: Available Data and Future Research Perspectives. Nutrients 2023; 15:4097. [PMID: 37836381 PMCID: PMC10574431 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a phytochemical derived from plants of the genus Capsicum and subject of intensive phytochemical research due to its numerous physiological and therapeutical effects, including its important antimicrobial properties. Depending on the concentration and the strain of the bacterium, capsaicin can exert either bacteriostatic or even bactericidal effects against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while in certain cases it can reduce their pathogenicity by a variety of mechanisms such as mitigating the release of toxins or inhibiting biofilm formation. Likewise, capsaicin has been shown to be effective against fungal pathogens, particularly Candida spp., where it once again interferes with biofilm formation. The parasites Toxoplasma gondi and Trypanosoma cruzi have been found to be susceptible to the action of this compound too while there are also viruses whose invasiveness is significantly dampened by it. Among the most encouraging findings are the prospects for future development, especially using new formulations and drug delivery mechanisms. Finally, the influence of capsaicin in somatostatin and substance P secretion and action, offers an interesting array of possibilities given that these physiologically secreted compounds modulate inflammation and immune response to a significant extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Dikbas L. In vitro assessment of the immobilized mannanase enzyme against infection-causing Candida. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:885-896. [PMID: 37584513 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Developing an effective treatment for fungal infections is among contemporary medicine's challenges. In this study we aimed to eradicate mannan in pathogenic Candidae's cell walls using a nontoxic method, mannanase. Materials & Methods: We investigated the in vitro antifungal activities of mannanase immobilized on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONps) and reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles (RGONps), as well as therapeutics against Candidae. Mannanase was purified from Bacillus invictae (activity: 5.15 EU/ml; range: 60-80%) and then immobilized it to ZnO and RGO to enhance its effectiveness. Results: Mannanase immobilized on ZnONps had the highest activity, with a value of 4.97 EU/ml, more effective than amphotericin-B. However, it could not reach the inhibition rates of other antifungals. Conclusion: Mannanase immobilized on ZnONps could be an effective fungicide for Candida biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levent Dikbas
- Specialist in Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reyap Hospital, IVF Center, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Chen L, Zhang L, Xie Y, Wang Y, Tian X, Fang W, Xue X, Wang L. Confronting antifungal resistance, tolerance, and persistence: Advances in drug target discovery and delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115007. [PMID: 37437715 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Human pathogenic fungi pose a serious threat to human health and safety. Unfortunately, the limited number of antifungal options is exacerbated by the continuous emergence of drug-resistant variants, leading to frequent drug treatment failures. Recent studies have also highlighted the clinical importance of other modes of fungal survival of antifungal treatment, including drug tolerance and persistence, pointing to the complexity of the fungal response to antifungal drugs. A lack of understanding of the fungal drug response has hampered the identification of new targets, the development of alternative antifungal strategies and the design of appropriate delivery systems. In this review we summarize recent advances in the study of antifungal resistance, tolerance and persistence, with an emphasis on promising drug targets and drug delivery systems that may yield important insights into the development of new or improved antifungal therapies against fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Xiuyun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxia Fang
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinying Xue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University; Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Weifang Medical College, 261053, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Linqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Rahman A, Roy KJ, Deb GK, Ha T, Rahman S, Aktar MK, Ali MI, Kafi MA, Choi JW. Nano-Enabled Antivirals for Overcoming Antibody Escaped Mutations Based SARS-CoV-2 Waves. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13130. [PMID: 37685938 PMCID: PMC10488153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses receptor-binding domain (RBD) mutations related to the emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants, which have been highlighted as a major cause of repetitive clinical waves of COVID-19. Our perusal of the literature reveals that most variants were able to escape neutralizing antibodies developed after immunization or natural exposure, pointing to the need for a sustainable technological solution to overcome this crisis. This review, therefore, focuses on nanotechnology and the development of antiviral nanomaterials with physical antagonistic features of viral replication checkpoints as such a solution. Our detailed discussion of SARS-CoV-2 replication and pathogenesis highlights four distinct checkpoints, the S protein (ACE2 receptor coupling), the RBD motif (ACE2 receptor coupling), ACE2 coupling, and the S protein cleavage site, as targets for the development of nano-enabled solutions that, for example, prevent viral attachment and fusion with the host cell by either blocking viral RBD/spike proteins or cellular ACE2 receptors. As proof of this concept, we highlight applications of several nanomaterials, such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, fullerene, carbon dots, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based, polymer-based, lipid-polymer hybrid-based, surface-modified nanoparticles that have already been employed to control viral infections. These nanoparticles were developed to inhibit receptor-mediated host-virus attachments and cell fusion, the uncoating of the virus, viral gene expression, protein synthesis, the assembly of progeny viral particles, and the release of the virion. Moreover, nanomaterials have been used as antiviral drug carriers and vaccines, and nano-enabled sensors have already been shown to enable fast, sensitive, and label-free real-time diagnosis of viral infections. Nano-biosensors could, therefore, also be useful in the remote testing and tracking of patients, while nanocarriers probed with target tissue could facilitate the targeted delivery of antiviral drugs to infected cells, tissues, organs, or systems while avoiding unwanted exposure of non-target tissues. Antiviral nanoparticles can also be applied to sanitizers, clothing, facemasks, and other personal protective equipment to minimize horizontal spread. We believe that the nanotechnology-enabled solutions described in this review will enable us to control repeated SAR-CoV-2 waves caused by antibody escape mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Kumar Jyotirmoy Roy
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Gautam Kumar Deb
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh;
| | - Taehyeong Ha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea;
| | - Saifur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Mst. Khudishta Aktar
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Md. Isahak Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Md. Abdul Kafi
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (K.J.R.); (S.R.); (M.K.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea;
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12
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Pereira M, Rodrigues ARO, Amaral L, Côrte-Real M, Santos-Pereira C, Castanheira EMS. Bovine Lactoferrin-Loaded Plasmonic Magnetoliposomes for Antifungal Therapeutic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2162. [PMID: 37631376 PMCID: PMC10458800 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is a milk-derived protein that exhibits potent broad-spectrum antifungal activity against multiple fungi. bLf is susceptible to degradation, while some of its properties depend on the tertiary structure. So, the encapsulation of bLf in stimuli-responsive therapeutic formulations provides an added value to enhance its biological activities. Plasmonic magnetoliposomes (PMLs) arise as promising nanocarriers for dual hyperthermia (magneto-photothermia) and local chemotherapy, since the combination of magnetic and gold nanoparticles (NPs) in a single nanosystem (multifunctional liposomes) enables the targeting and controlled release of loaded drugs. In this work, plasmonic magnetoliposomes (PMLs) containing manganese ferrite nanoparticles (28 nm size) and gold nanoparticles (5-7.5 nm size), functionalized with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid or octadecanethiol, were prepared and loaded with bLf. The NPs' optical, magnetic and structural properties were measured via UV/vis/NIR absorption spectroscopy, SQUID and TEM, respectively. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) was calculated to assess the capabilities for magnetic and photothermal hyperthermia. Finally, the antifungal potential of bLf-loaded PMLs and their mechanism of internalization were assessed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by counting the colony forming units and using fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrate that PMLs are mainly internalized through an energy- and temperature-dependent endocytic process, though the contribution of a diffusion component cannot be discarded. Most notably, only bLf-loaded plasmonic magnetoliposomes display cytotoxicity with an efficiency similar to free bLf, attesting their promising potential for bLf delivery in the context of antifungal therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Pereira
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LaPMET (Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies), Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita O. Rodrigues
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LaPMET (Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies), Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Leslie Amaral
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cátia Santos-Pereira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Elisabete M. S. Castanheira
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LaPMET (Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies), Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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13
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Ma Z, Wang X, Li C. Advances in anti-invasive fungal drug delivery systems. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:318-327. [PMID: 37476943 PMCID: PMC10409907 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the first-line drugs for invasive fungal infections (IFI), such as amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole, have drawbacks including poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and severe side effects. Using drug delivery systems is a promising strategy to improve the efficacy and safety of traditional antifungal therapy. Synthetic and biomimetic carriers have greatly facilitated the development of targeted delivery systems for antifungal drugs. Synthetic carrier drug delivery systems, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, polymer micelles, and microspheres, can improve the physicochemical properties of antifungal drugs, prolong their circulation time, enhance targeting capabilities, and reduce toxic side effects. Cell membrane biomimetic drug delivery systems, such as macrophage or red blood cell membrane-coated drug delivery systems, retain the membrane structure of somatic cells and confer various biological functions and specific targeting abilities to the loaded antifungal drugs, exhibiting better biocompatibility and lower toxicity. This article reviews the development of antifungal drug delivery systems and their application in the treatment of IFI, and also discusses the prospects of novel biomimetic carriers in antifungal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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14
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Gupta I, Adin SN, Rashid MA, Alhamhoom Y, Aqil M, Mujeeb M. Linalool-Incorporated Synergistically Engineered Modified Liposomal Nanocarriers for Enhanced Transungual Delivery of Terbinafine against Onychomycosis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4424. [PMID: 37374607 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the synthesis of linalool-containing invasomes for terbinafine (TBF-IN) in order to increase the solubility, bioavailability, and nail permeability of terbinafine (TBF) for transungual administration. TBF-IN was created utilising the thin-film hydration technique, and with the Box-Behnken design (BBD), optimisation was carried out. TBF-INopt were investigated for vesicle size, zeta potential, PDI (Polydispersity index), entrapment efficiency (EE) and in vitro TBF release. In addition, nail permeation analysis, TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and CLSM (confocal scanning laser microscopy) were performed for further evaluation. The TBF-INopt exhibited spherical as well as sealed vesicles with a considerably small size of 146.3 nm, an EE of 74.23 per cent, a PDI of 0.1612, and an in vitro release of 85.32 per cent. The CLSM investigation revealed that the new formulation had better TBF nail penetration than the TBF suspension gel. The antifungal investigation demonstrated that the TBF-IN gel has superior antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans compared to the commercially available terbinafine gel. In addition, an investigation of skin irritation using Wistar albino rats indicates that the TBF-IN formulation is safe for topical treatment. This study confirmed that the invasomal vesicle formulation is an effective vehicle for the transungual delivery of TBF for the treatment of onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Gupta
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syeda Nashvia Adin
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Md Abdur Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Al Faraa, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Alhamhoom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Al Faraa, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Mujeeb
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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15
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Aljohani AA, Alanazi MA, Munahhi LA, Hamroon JD, Mortagi Y, Qushawy M, Soliman GM. Binary ethosomes for the enhanced topical delivery and antifungal efficacy of ketoconazole. OPENNANO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2023.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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16
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Fulton MD, Najahi-Missaoui W. Liposomes in Cancer Therapy: How Did We Start and Where Are We Now. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076615. [PMID: 37047585 PMCID: PMC10095497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their first discovery in the 1960s by Alec Bangham, liposomes have been shown to be effective drug delivery systems for treating various cancers. Several liposome-based formulations received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), with many others in clinical trials. Liposomes have several advantages, including improved pharmacokinetic properties of the encapsulated drug, reduced systemic toxicity, extended circulation time, and targeted disposition in tumor sites due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) mechanism. However, it is worth noting that despite their efficacy in treating various cancers, liposomes still have some potential toxicity and lack specific targeting and disposition. This explains, in part, why their translation into the clinic has progressed only incrementally, which poses the need for more research to focus on addressing such translational limitations. This review summarizes the main properties of liposomes, their current status in cancer therapy, and their limitations and challenges to achieving maximal therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody D. Fulton
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Wided Najahi-Missaoui
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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17
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Liu N, Tu J, Huang Y, Yang W, Wang Q, Li Z, Sheng C. Target- and prodrug-based design for fungal diseases and cancer-associated fungal infections. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114819. [PMID: 37024014 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are emerging as a serious threat to public health and are associated with high incidence and mortality. IFIs also represent a frequent complication in patients with cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy. However, effective and safe antifungal agents remain limited, and the development of severe drug resistance further undermines the efficacy of antifungal therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel antifungal agents to treat life-threatening fungal diseases, especially those with new mode of action, favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and anti-resistance activity. In this review, we summarize new antifungal targets and target-based inhibitor design, with a focus on their antifungal activity, selectivity, and mechanism. We also illustrate the prodrug design strategy used to improve the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles of antifungal agents. Dual-targeting antifungal agents offer a new strategy for the treatment of resistant infections and cancer-associated fungal infections.
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18
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Polymer-based particles against pathogenic fungi: A non-uptake delivery of compounds. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213300. [PMID: 36708684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The therapy of life-threatening fungal infections is limited and needs urgent improvement. This is in part due to toxic side effects of clinically used antifungal compounds or their limited delivery to fungal structures. Until today, it is a matter of debate how drugs or drug-delivery systems can efficiently reach the intracellular lumen of fungal cells and how this can be improved. Here, we addressed both questions by applying two different polymeric particles for delivery of compounds. Their formulation was based on two biocompatible polymers, i.e., poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)50:50 and poly(methyl methacrylate-stat-methacrylic acid)90:10 yielding particles with hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 100 to 300 nm. The polymers were covalently labeled with the fluorescent dye DY-550 to monitor the interaction between particles and fungi by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, the fluorescent dye coumarin-6 and the antifungal drug itraconazole were successfully encapsulated in particles to study the fate of both the cargo and the particle when interacting with the clinically most important human-pathogenic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. While the polymers were exclusively located on the fungal surface, the encapsulated cargo was efficiently transported into fungal hyphae, indicated by increased intracellular fluorescence signals due to coumarin-6. In accordance with this finding, compared to the pristine drug a reduced minimal inhibitory concentration for itraconazole was determined, when it was encapsulated. Together, the herein used polymeric particles were not internalized by pathogenic fungi but were able to efficiently deliver hydrophobic cargos into fungal cells.
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19
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Huang T, Li X, Maier M, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Heath DE, O'Connor AJ. Using inorganic nanoparticles to fight fungal infections in the antimicrobial resistant era. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:56-79. [PMID: 36640952 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections pose a serious threat to human health and livelihoods. The number and variety of clinically approved antifungal drugs is very limited, and the emergence and rapid spread of resistance to these drugs means the impact of fungal infections will increase in the future unless alternatives are found. Despite the significance and major challenges associated with fungal infections, this topic receives significantly less attention than bacterial infections. A major challenge in the development of fungi-specific drugs is that both fungi and mammalian cells are eukaryotic and have significant overlap in their cellular machinery. This lack of fungi-specific drug targets makes human cells vulnerable to toxic side effects from many antifungal agents. Furthermore, antifungal drug resistance necessitates higher doses of the drugs, leading to significant human toxicity. There is an urgent need for new antifungal agents, specifically those that can limit the emergence of new resistant species. Non-drug nanomaterials have primarily been explored as antibacterial agents in recent years; however, they are also a promising source of new antifungal candidates. Thus, this article reviews current research on the use of inorganic nanoparticles as antifungal agents. We also highlight challenges facing antifungal nanoparticles and discuss possible future research opportunities in this field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Fungal infections pose a growing threat to human health and livelihood. The rapid spread of resistance to current antifungal drugs has led to an urgent need to develop alternative antifungals. Nanoparticles have many properties that could make them useful antimycotic agents. To the authors' knowledge, there is no published review so far that has comprehensively summarized the current development status of antifungal inorganic nanomaterials, so we decided to fill this gap. In this review, we discussed the state-of-the-art research on antifungal inorganic nanoparticles including metal, metal oxide, transition-metal dichalcogenides, and inorganic non-metallic particle systems. Future directions for the design of inorganic nanoparticles with higher antifungal efficacy and lower toxicity are described as a guide for further development in this important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Maier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Neil M O'Brien-Simpson
- ACTV Research Group, Melbourne Dental School and The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel E Heath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrea J O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Osouli M, Abdollahizad E, Alavi S, Mahboubi A, Abbasian Z, Haeri A, Dadashzadeh S. Biocompatible phospholipid-based mixed micelles for posaconazole ocular delivery: Development, characterization, and in - vitro antifungal activity. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:969-978. [PMID: 36424544 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221141962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current study intended to prepare and evaluate phospholipid-based, mixed micelles (MMs) to improve the ocular delivery of posaconazole (POS), a broad-spectrum antifungal drug. For this, MMs based on egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC), as the main component, in combination with various bile salts (sodium cholate (NaC), sodium deoxycholate (NaDC), sodium taurocholate (NaTC)) or non-ionic surfactants (Pluronic® F-127, Pluronic® F-68, Tween 80, Labrasol® ALF, and d-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS)) were prepared. Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were evaluated to optimize the composition and preparation method of the MMs. Finally, morphology, stability, in vitro release pattern, and in vitro antifungal activity of the optimized formulation were investigated. Among the prepared MMs, vesicles composed of EPC: TPGS with a molar ratio of 70:30, prepared by the thin-film hydration method, showed more appropriate features. Among the prepared MMs, vesicles composed of EPC: TPGS with a molar ratio of 70:30 showed more appropriate features, including an entrapment efficiency (EE) greater than 80%, spherical shape morphology, an average particle size of about 58 nm, desirable stability over a month, slow-release without a noticeable initial burst, and a significantly higher in vitro antifungal activity in comparison with the drug suspension. Therefore, this formulation was selected as the optimal MMs and could be considered as a promising carrier for topical ocular delivery of POS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahraz Osouli
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Abdollahizad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Alavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Mahboubi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasian
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Haeri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Protein Technology Research Center, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Dadashzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sanaei Oskouei S, Araman AO, Erginer YO. Preparation, optimization, and In vitro drug release study of microemulsions of posaconazole. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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22
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Liu W, Li M, Tian B, Yang X, Du W, Wang X, Zhou H, Ding C, Sai S. Calcofluor white-cholesteryl hydrogen succinate conjugate mediated liposomes for enhanced targeted delivery of voriconazole into Candida albicans. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:307-321. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01263d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A nano antifungal-drug delivery system is designed to increase voriconazole efficacy by specifically binding to chitin in the fungal cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Mengshun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Baocheng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Wei Du
- College of Life and Health Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110015, China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Chen Ding
- College of Life and Health Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110015, China
| | - Sixiang Sai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
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23
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Specific Focus on Antifungal Peptides against Azole Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010042. [PMID: 36675863 PMCID: PMC9864941 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of fungal infections is increasing worldwide, especially that of aspergillosis, which previously only affected people with immunosuppression. Aspergillus fumigatus can cause allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and endangers public health due to resistance to azole-type antimycotics such as fluconazole. Antifungal peptides are viable alternatives that combat infection by forming pores in membranes through electrostatic interactions with the phospholipids as well as cell death to peptides that inhibit protein synthesis and inhibit cell replication. Engineering antifungal peptides with nanotechnology can enhance the efficacy of these therapeutics at lower doses and reduce immune responses. This manuscript explains how antifungal peptides combat antifungal-resistant aspergillosis and also how rational peptide design with nanotechnology and artificial intelligence can engineer peptides to be a feasible antifungal alternative.
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Comparative study on the topical and transdermal delivery of diclofenac incorporated in nano-emulsions, nano-emulgels, and a colloidal suspension. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 13:1372-1389. [PMID: 36525200 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can be challenging, since the skin possesses a rate-limiting barrier, which may be overcome when APIs possess certain ideal physicochemical properties. The lack thereof would require that APIs be included in drug delivery vehicles to enhance skin permeation. Hence, diclofenac was incorporated into various drug delivery vehicles (i.e., nano-emulsions, nano-emulgels, and a colloidal suspension containing drug-loaded nanoparticles) to investigate the transdermal delivery thereof, while nano-emulsions and nano-emulgels had varying concentrations of evening primrose oil (EPO). The aim of the study was to compare the topical and transdermal diclofenac delivery from the different types of vehicles and to investigate the influence the different EPO concentrations had on diclofenac delivery. After characterization, membrane release studies were performed (to determine whether the API was successfully released from the vehicle) followed by in vitro skin diffusion studies and tape stripping (to establish whether the vehicles assisted the API in reaching the target site (transdermal delivery)). Lastly, cytotoxicity studies were conducted via methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays on human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Results showed minimal cytotoxic effects at concentrations equivalent to that which had permeated through the skin, while the membrane release and in vitro skin diffusion studies indicated that the nano-emulsions and the 10% EPO vehicles increased API release and diffusion when compared to the other vehicles. However, the colloidal suspension had the highest concentrations of API within the skin. Hence, all the vehicles were non-toxic and effectively delivered diclofenac through the transdermal route.
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Gaballah EY, Borg TM, Mohamed EA. Hydroxypropyl chitosan nail lacquer of ciclopirox-PLGA nanocapsules for augmented in vitro nail plate absorption and onychomycosis treatment. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3304-3316. [PMID: 36372978 PMCID: PMC9848413 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2144543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Onychomycosis accounts for 90% of nail infections worldwide. Topical therapy provides localized effects with minimal adverse systemic actions, yet its effectiveness is limited by minimal drug permeation through the keratinized nail plate. Ciclopirox (CIX) is a FDA-approved broad-spectrum antimycotic agent. However, the complete cure with its nail lacquer (8% w/v) may continue for one year with a high cost. Therefore, poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanocapsules (NCs) of CIX were prepared by nanoprecipitation and optimized through a 23 factorial design to be incorporated into hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCH) based nail lacquer. Nail hydration, in vitro nail absorption, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), inhibition zones and ex vivo fungal growth on nail fragments were evaluated. The optimized NCs of CIX based on 100 mg PLGA 2 A and lipoid S75 showed a mean diameter of 174.77 ± 7.90 nm, entrapment efficiency (EE%) of 90.57 ± 0.98%, zeta potential (ZP) of -52.27 ± 0.40 mV and a prolonged drug release. Nail lacquer of the optimized NCs exhibited a higher stability than NCs dispersion. Compared to CIX solution (1% w/v), the respective decrease in MIC for NCs and their lacquer was four- and eight-fold. The lacquer superiority was confirmed by the enhancement in the nail hydration and absorption by 4 and 2.60 times, respectively, relative to CIX solution and the minimal ex vivo fungal growth. Therefore, HPCH nail lacquer of (1% w/v) CIX-PLGA-NCs can be represented as a potential topical delivery system for enhanced in vitro nail absorption and therapeutic efficacy against onychomycosis at a low dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Yahya Gaballah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Thanaa Mohammed Borg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Elham Abdelmonem Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt,CONTACT Elham Abdelmonem Mohamed Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Ullah KH, Rasheed F, Naz I, Ul Haq N, Fatima H, Kanwal N, Ur-Rehman T. Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded Poloxamer 407 Gel for Transungual Delivery of Terbinafine HCl. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2353. [PMID: 36365171 PMCID: PMC9698022 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to develop chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) loaded poloxamer 407 (P407) gel formulation for transungual delivery of terbinafine HCl (TBN). TBN-CSNP were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and optimized by face-centered central composite design (FCCCD). Optimized TBN-CSNP formulation exhibited a spherical shape with hydrodynamic diameter; zeta potential and entrapment efficiency (EE) of 229 ± 5 nm; 37 ± 1.5 mV; and 75 ± 2% respectively. The solid state of TBN and its compatibility with formulation ingredients were confirmed through XRD and FTIR analysis respectively. TBN-CSNP loaded P407 gel exhibited pseudoplastic rheological behavior having a spreadability of 11 ± 2 g·cm/s. The washability study showed that 40 ± 2% of the gel was eroded after washing 12 times. Drug release from TBN-CSNP- and TBN-CSNP-loaded gel was 84 ± 5% and 57 ± 3%, respectively. The cumulative quantity of TBN permeated from TBN-CSNP-loaded P407 gel and TBN-loaded P407 gel was 25 ± 8 and 27 ± 4 µg/cm2, respectively. The nail uptake study showed that 3.6 ± 0.7 and 2.1 ± 0.3 µg of rhodamine was uptaken by the nail following 2 h topical application of TBN-CSNP loaded P407 gel and TBN loaded P407 gel, respectively. Hence, the developed CSNP-based P407 gel formulation can be a potential carrier for transungual delivery of TBN to topically treat onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faisal Rasheed
- Patient Diagnostic Lab, Isotope Application Division (IAD), Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| | - Iffat Naz
- Department of Biology, Science Unit, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Kanwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Unit, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tofeeq Ur-Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Puri V, Froelich A, Shah P, Pringle S, Chen K, Michniak-Kohn B. Quality by Design Guided Development of Polymeric Nanospheres of Terbinafine Hydrochloride for Topical Treatment of Onychomycosis Using a Nano-Gel Formulation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102170. [PMID: 36297605 PMCID: PMC9611585 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Superficial fungal diseases of the skin and nails are an increasingly common occurrence globally, requiring effective topical treatment to avoid systemic adverse effects. Polymeric nanoparticles have demonstrated sustained and effective drug delivery in a variety of topical formulations. The aim of this project was to develop polymeric antifungal nanospheres containing terbinafine hydrochloride (TBH) to be loaded into a hydrogel formulation for topical nail drug delivery. A quality by design (QbD) approach was used to achieve optimized particles with the desired quality target product profile (QTPP). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at 2% w/v and a drug to polymer ratio of 1:4, together with a robust set of processes and material attributes, resulted in nanoparticles of 108.7 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.63, 57.43% recovery, and other desirable characteristics such as zeta potential (ZP), particle shape, aggregation, etc. The nanospheres were incorporated into a carbomer-based gel, and the delivery of TBH through this formulation was evaluated by means of in vitro drug release testing (IVRT) and ex vivo nail permeation study. The gel containing the TBH nanospheres demonstrated a slower and controlled drug release profile compared with the control gel, in addition to a more efficient delivery into the nail. These antifungal nanospheres can be utilized for topical therapy of a multitude of superficial fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinam Puri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Science Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Anna Froelich
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Parinbhai Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Science Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Shernelle Pringle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Science Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Bozena Michniak-Kohn
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
- Center for Dermal Research, Life Science Building, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(848)-445-3589
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Tasleem, Shanthi N, Mahato AK, Bahuguna R. Oral delivery of butoconazole nitrate nanoparticles for systemic treatment of chronic paracoccidioidomycosis: A future aspect. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Orekhova A, Palocci C, Chronopoulou L, De Angelis G, Badiali C, Petruccelli V, D’Angeli S, Pasqua G, Simonetti G. Poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid Nanoparticles Entrapping Pterostilbene for Targeting Aspergillus Section Nigri. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175424. [PMID: 36080191 PMCID: PMC9458066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) is a biodegradable, biosafe, and biocompatible copolymer. The Aspergillus section Nigri causes otomycosis localized in the external auditory canal. In this research, Aspergillus brasiliensis, a species belonging to the Nigri section, was tested. Coumarin 6 and pterostilbene loaded in poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles (PLGA-coumarin6-NPs and PLGA-PTB-NPs) were tested for fungal cell uptake and antifungal ability against A. brasiliensis biofilm, respectively. Moreover, the activity of PLGA-PTB-NPs in inhibiting the A. brasiliensis infection was tested using Galleria mellonella larvae. The results showed a fluorescence signal, after 50 nm PLGA-coumarin6-NPs treatment, inside A. brasiliensis hyphae and along the entire thickness of the biofilm matrix, which was indicative of an efficient NP uptake. Regarding antifungal activity, a reduction in A. brasiliensis biofilm formation and mature biofilm with PLGA-PTB-NPs has been demonstrated. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed a significant reduction in mortality of infected larvae after injection of PLGA-PTB-NPs compared to free PTB at the same concentration. In conclusion, the PLGA-NPs system can increase the bioavailability of PTB in Aspergillus section Nigri biofilm by overcoming the biofilm matrix barrier and delivering PTB to fungal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Orekhova
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Chronopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia De Angelis
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Badiali
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Petruccelli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone D’Angeli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pasqua
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Simonetti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Nagasa GD, Belete A. Review on Nanomaterials and Nano-Scaled Systems for Topical and Systemic Delivery of Antifungal Drugs. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:1819-1840. [PMID: 36060421 PMCID: PMC9432385 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s359282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gamachu Diba Nagasa
- Department of Pharmacy, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Gamachu Diba Nagasa, Email
| | - Anteneh Belete
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Reisinger K, Fieblinger D, Heppenheimer A, Kreutz J, Liebsch M, Luch A, Maul K, Poth A, Strauch P, Dony E, Schulz M, Wolf T, Pirow R. The hen's egg test for micronucleus induction (HET-MN): validation data set. Mutagenesis 2022; 37:61-75. [PMID: 34080017 PMCID: PMC9071061 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical in vitro genotoxicity test battery is known to be sensitive for indicating genotoxicity. However, a high rate of 'misleading positives' was reported when three assays were combined as required by several legislations. Despite the recent optimisations of the standard in vitro tests, two gaps could hardly be addressed with assays based on 2D monolayer cell cultures: the route of exposure and a relevant intrinsic metabolic capacity to transform pro-mutagens into reactive metabolites. Following these considerations, fertilised chicken eggs have been introduced into genotoxicity testing and were combined with a classical read-out parameter, the micronucleus frequency in circulating erythrocytes, to develop the hen's egg test for micronucleus induction (HET-MN). As a major advantage, the test mirrors the systemic availability of compounds after oral exposure by reflecting certain steps of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion (ADME) without being considered as an animal experiment. The assay is supposed to add to a toolbox of assays to follow up on positive findings from initial testing with classical in vitro assays. We here report on a validation exercise, in which >30 chemicals were tested double-blinded in three laboratories. The specificity and sensitivity of the HET-MN were calculated to be 98 and 84%, respectively, corresponding to an overall accuracy of 91%. A detailed protocol, which includes a picture atlas detailing the cell and micronuclei analysis, is published in parallel (Maul et al. Validation of the hen's egg test for micronucleus induction (HET-MN): detailed protocol including scoring atlas, historical control data and statistical analysis).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dagmar Fieblinger
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Manfred Liebsch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Maul
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Albrecht Poth
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | - Pamela Strauch
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | - Eva Dony
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | - Markus Schulz
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Pirow
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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Pavic A, Stojanovic Z, Pekmezovic M, Veljović Đ, O’Connor K, Malagurski I, Nikodinovic-Runic J. Polyenes in Medium Chain Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) Biopolymer Microspheres with Reduced Toxicity and Improved Therapeutic Effect against Candida Infection in Zebrafish Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040696. [PMID: 35456530 PMCID: PMC9028145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobilizing antifungal polyenes such as nystatin (Nys) and amphotericin B (AmB) into biodegradable formulations is advantageous compared to free drug administration providing sustained release, reduced dosing due to localized targeting and overall reduced systemic drug toxicity. In this study, we encapsulated Nys and AmB in medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) microspheres (7–8 µm in diameter). The obtained formulations have been validated for antifungal activity in vitro against a panel of pathogenic fungi including species of Candida, Aspergillus, Microsporum and Trichophyton genera and toxicity and efficacy in vivo using the zebrafish model of disseminated candidiasis. While free polyenes, especially AmB, were highly toxic to zebrafish embryos at the effective (MIC) doses, after their loading into mcl-PHA microspheres, inner organ toxicity and teratogenicity associated with both drugs were not observed, even at 100 × MIC doses. The obtained mcl-PHA/polyene formulations have successfully eradicated C. albicans infection and showed an improved therapeutic profile in zebrafish by enhancing infected embryos survival. This approach is contributing to the antifungal arsenal as polyenes, although the first broad-spectrum antifungals on the market are still the gold standard for treatment of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Pavic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (I.M.)
| | - Zoran Stojanovic
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Marina Pekmezovic
- Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany;
| | - Đorđe Veljović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Kevin O’Connor
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, Belfield, D04 V1W Dublin, Ireland;
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ivana Malagurski
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (I.M.)
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-397-6034
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Neural stem cell therapy in conjunction with curcumin loaded in niosomal nanoparticles enhanced recovery from traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3572. [PMID: 35246564 PMCID: PMC8897489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07367-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a great amount of effort, there is still a need for reliable treatments of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recently, stem cell therapy has emerged as a new avenue to address neuronal regeneration after TBI. However, the environment of TBI lesions exerts negative effects on the stem cells efficacy. Therefore, to maximize the beneficial effects of stem cells in the course of TBI, we evaluated the effect of human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNS/PCs) and curcumin-loaded niosome nanoparticles (CM-NPs) on behavioral changes, brain edema, gliosis, and inflammatory responses in a rat model of TBI. After TBI, hNS/PCs were transplanted within the injury site and CM-NPs were orally administered for 10 days. Finally, the effect of combination therapy was compared to several control groups. Our results indicated a significant improvement of general locomotor activity in the hNS/PCs + CM-NPs treatment group compared to the control groups. We also observed a significant improvement in brain edema in the hNS/PCs + CM-NPs treatment group compared to the other groups. Furthermore, a significant decrease in astrogliosis was seen in the combined treatment group. Moreover, TLR4-, NF-κB-, and TNF-α- positive cells were significantly decreased in hNS/PCs + CM-NPs group compared to the control groups. Taken together, this study indicated that combination therapy of stem cells with CM-NPs can be an effective therapy for TBI.
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34
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pH Switchable LLC Nanoparticles Targeting Colon: Optimization Using D-Optimal Design. J Pharm Innov 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-022-09628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Does the technical methodology influence the quality attributes and the potential of skin permeation of Luliconazole loaded transethosomes? J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Saveleva M, Lengert E, Verkhovskii RA, Abalymov A, Pavlov AM, Ermakov A, Prikhozhdenko E, Shtykov SN, Svenskaya YI. CaCO 3-based carriers with prolonged release property for antifungal drug delivery to hair follicles. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3323-3345. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00539e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Superficial fungal infections are of serious concern worldwide due to their morbidity and increasing distribution across the globe in this era of growing antimicrobial resistance. Delivery of antifungals to target...
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37
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Gaynanova G, Vasileva L, Kashapov R, Kuznetsova D, Kushnazarova R, Tyryshkina A, Vasilieva E, Petrov K, Zakharova L, Sinyashin O. Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability. Molecules 2021; 26:6786. [PMID: 34833877 PMCID: PMC8624506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on key topics in the field of drug delivery related to the design of nanocarriers answering the biomedicine criteria, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and the ability to overcome biological barriers. For these reasons, much attention is paid to the amphiphile-based carriers composed of natural building blocks, lipids, and their structural analogues and synthetic surfactants that are capable of self-assembly with the formation of a variety of supramolecular aggregates. The latter are dynamic structures that can be used as nanocontainers for hydrophobic drugs to increase their solubility and bioavailability. In this section, biodegradable cationic surfactants bearing cleavable fragments are discussed, with ester- and carbamate-containing analogs, as well as amino acid derivatives received special attention. Drug delivery through the biological barriers is a challenging task, which is highlighted by the example of transdermal method of drug administration. In this paper, nonionic surfactants are primarily discussed, including their application for the fabrication of nanocarriers, their surfactant-skin interactions, the mechanisms of modulating their permeability, and the factors controlling drug encapsulation, release, and targeted delivery. Different types of nanocarriers are covered, including niosomes, transfersomes, invasomes and chitosomes, with their morphological specificity, beneficial characteristics and limitations discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnara Gaynanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (L.V.); (R.K.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (A.T.); (E.V.); (K.P.); (L.Z.); (O.S.)
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38
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R. M. Machado G, Inácio LAM, Berlitz SJ, Pippi B, Kulkamp‐Guerreiro IC, Lavorato SN, Alves RJ, Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM. A Film‐Forming System Hybridized with a Nanostructured Chloroacetamide Derivative for Dermatophytosis Treatment. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella R. M. Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Luiz A. M. Inácio
- Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Simone J. Berlitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Bruna Pippi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Irene C. Kulkamp‐Guerreiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica e Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Stefânia N. Lavorato
- Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia Barreiras Brazil
| | - Ricardo J. Alves
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Saulo F. Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente e Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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Sahu RK, Salem-Bekhit MM, Bhattacharjee B, Almoshari Y, Ikbal AMA, Alshamrani M, Bharali A, Salawi A, Widyowati R, Alshammari A, Elbagory I. Mucormycosis in Indian COVID-19 Patients: Insight into Its Patho-Genesis, Clinical Manifestation, and Management Strategies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1079. [PMID: 34572661 PMCID: PMC8468123 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucormycosis in patients who have COVID-19 or who are otherwise immunocompromised has become a global problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Infection is debilitating and fatal, leading to loss of organs and emotional trauma. Radiographic manifestations are not specific, but diagnosis can be made through microscopic examination of materials collected from necrotic lesions. Treatment requires multidisciplinary expertise, as the fungus enters through the eyes and nose and may even reach the brain. Use of the many antifungal drugs available is limited by considerations of resistance and toxicity, but nanoparticles can overcome such limitations by reducing toxicity and increasing bioavailability. The lipid formulation of amphotericin-B (liposomal Am-B) is the first-line treatment for mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients, but its high cost and low availability have prompted a shift toward surgery, so that surgical debridement to remove all necrotic lesions remains the hallmark of effective treatment of mucormycosis in COVID-19. This review highlights the pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and management of mucormycosis in patients who have COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (R.K.S.); (R.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar 788011, India
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Bedanta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India;
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Abu Md Ashif Ikbal
- Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar 799022, India
| | - Meshal Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Alakesh Bharali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Azara, Hatkhowapara, Guwahati 781017, India;
| | - Ahmad Salawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (R.K.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim Elbagory
- College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia;
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Banshoya K, Fujita C, Hokimoto Y, Ohnishi M, Inoue A, Tanaka T, Kaneo Y. Amphotericin B nanohydrogel ocular formulation using alkyl glyceryl hyaluronic acid: Formulation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121061. [PMID: 34481008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study focused on the development of an amphotericin B (AmB) nanoformulation for ophthalmic applications. Accordingly, AmB nanohydrogels (AHA/AmB) using alkyl glyceryl hyaluronic acid (Hyalorepair®, AHA), a hydrophobized hyaluronic acid, were prepared by employing the dialysis method, followed by assessments of physical properties, drug efficacy, and toxicity. In the AHA/AmB formulation, AmB existed in a self-aggregated and amorphous state in the hydrophobic environment of the AHA moiety. AHA/AmB was shown in vitro to interact with mucin, which is known to be expressed in the corneal epithelium and was expected to improve its corneal retention. Compared with the conventional AmB formulation, amphotericin B sodium deoxycholate, AHA/AmB had the same in vitro antifungal activity but significantly lower in vitro toxicity. These findings indicate that nanohydrogels prepared with AHA possess high fungal selectivity and serve as a promising system for ophthalmic AmB delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Banshoya
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Fujita
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Yuka Hokimoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Ohnishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Atsuko Inoue
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Tetsuro Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Kaneo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Gakuen-cho 1, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
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Tavakoli M, Mahboobian MM, Nouri F, Mohammadi M. Studying the ophthalmic toxicity potential of developed ketoconazole loaded nanoemulsion in situ gel formulation for ophthalmic administration. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:572-580. [PMID: 34126859 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1941461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ocular fungal infections are one of the essential reasons for vision loss, especially in developing countries for tropical regions. Ketoconazole (KZ), a broad-spectrum antifungal drug, is a lipophilic compound and practically insoluble in water. Since topical ophthalmic drug delivery confronts low bioavailability, an in situ gel formulation is designed to improve the residence time and consequently the bioavailability. Safety of the developed formulation as a carrier for ophthalmic drug delivery was measured using three different methods: MTT assay for measuring cell viability in which the human retinal pigmentation epithelial cells (RPE) were used, HET-CAM as a borderline method between in vivo and in vitro techniques for investigating the irritation potential of the chosen formulation which was done by adding formulation directly on the CAM surface and visually monitoring the vessels in terms of irritation reactions, and finally the modified Draize test for evaluating tolerability of the selected formulation on eyes. According to our results from the MTT test, cell viability for KZ-NE in situ gel formulation at 0.1% concentration was acceptable. The results obtained from the HET-CAM investigation didn't show any sign of vessel injury on the CAM surface for prepared formulation. Additionally, during 24 hours, the developed formulation was tolerable by rabbit eyes. Regarding our results, KZ-NE in situ gel formulation was non-irritant and non-toxic and can be well-tolerated and presented as an applicable vehicle for ophthalmic delivery of the anti-fungal drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tavakoli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Mahboobian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Biomaterials for the Prevention of Oral Candidiasis Development. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060803. [PMID: 34072188 PMCID: PMC8229946 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thousands of microorganisms coexist within the human microbiota. However, certain conditions can predispose the organism to the overgrowth of specific pathogens that further lead to opportunistic infections. One of the most common such imbalances in the normal oral flora is the excessive growth of Candida spp., which produces oral candidiasis. In immunocompromised individuals, this fungal infection can reach the systemic level and become life-threatening. Hence, prompt and efficient treatment must be administered. Traditional antifungal agents, such as polyenes, azoles, and echinocandins, may often result in severe adverse effects, regardless of the administration form. Therefore, novel treatments have to be developed and implemented in clinical practice. In this regard, the present paper focuses on the newest therapeutic options against oral Candida infections, reviewing compounds and biomaterials with inherent antifungal properties, improved materials for dental prostheses and denture adhesives, drug delivery systems, and combined approaches towards developing the optimum treatment.
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Renzi DF, de Almeida Campos L, Miranda EH, Mainardes RM, Abraham WR, Grigoletto DF, Khalil NM. Nanoparticles as a Tool for Broadening Antifungal Activities. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1841-1873. [PMID: 32223729 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200330143338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections are diseases that are considered neglected although their infection rates have increased worldwide in the last decades. Thus, since the antifungal arsenal is restricted and many strains have shown resistance, new therapeutic alternatives are necessary. Nanoparticles are considered important alternatives to promote drug delivery. In this sense, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the contributions of newly developed nanoparticles to the treatment of fungal infections. Studies have shown that nanoparticles generally improve the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic characteristics of antifungals, which is reflected in a greater pharmacodynamic potential and lower toxicity, as well as the possibility of prolonged action. It also offers the proposition of new routes of administration. Nanotechnology is known to contribute to a new drug delivery system, not only for the control of infectious diseases but for various other diseases as well. In recent years, several studies have emphasized its application in infectious diseases, presenting better alternatives for the treatment of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fernanda Renzi
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838 - CEP 85040-167, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil
| | - Laís de Almeida Campos
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838 - CEP 85040-167, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hösel Miranda
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838 - CEP 85040-167, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil
| | - Rubiana Mara Mainardes
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838 - CEP 85040-167, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil
| | - Wolf-Rainer Abraham
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Chemical Microbiology, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diana Fortkamp Grigoletto
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838 - CEP 85040-167, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil
| | - Najeh Maissar Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838 - CEP 85040-167, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil
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Horvat S, Yu Y, Manz H, Keller T, Beilhack A, Groll J, Albrecht K. Nanogels as Antifungal‐Drug Delivery System Against
Aspergillus Fumigatus. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Horvat
- Department for functional materials in medicine and dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 D-97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Yidong Yu
- Department for functional materials in medicine and dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 D-97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Hannah Manz
- Department of Medicine II Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine Würzburg University Hospital 97080 Würzburg Germany
| | - Thorsten Keller
- Department for functional materials in medicine and dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 D-97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Andreas Beilhack
- Department of Medicine II Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine Würzburg University Hospital 97080 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department for functional materials in medicine and dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 D-97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Krystyna Albrecht
- Department for functional materials in medicine and dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 D-97070 Würzburg Germany
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Makvandi P, Josic U, Delfi M, Pinelli F, Jahed V, Kaya E, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarepour A, Rossi F, Zarrabi A, Agarwal T, Zare EN, Ghomi M, Kumar Maiti T, Breschi L, Tay FR. Drug Delivery (Nano)Platforms for Oral and Dental Applications: Tissue Regeneration, Infection Control, and Cancer Management. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004014. [PMID: 33898183 PMCID: PMC8061367 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The oral cavity and oropharynx are complex environments that are susceptible to physical, chemical, and microbiological insults. They are also common sites for pathological and cancerous changes. The effectiveness of conventional locally-administered medications against diseases affecting these oral milieus may be compromised by constant salivary flow. For systemically-administered medications, drug resistance and adverse side-effects are issues that need to be resolved. New strategies for drug delivery have been investigated over the last decade to overcome these obstacles. Synthesis of nanoparticle-containing agents that promote healing represents a quantum leap in ensuring safe, efficient drug delivery to the affected tissues. Micro/nanoencapsulants with unique structures and properties function as more favorable drug-release platforms than conventional treatment approaches. The present review provides an overview of newly-developed nanocarriers and discusses their potential applications and limitations in various fields of dentistry and oral medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooyan Makvandi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvaz6153753843Iran
| | - Uros Josic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesUniversity of BolognaVia San Vitale 59Bologna40125Italy
| | - Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples “Federico II”Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via CintiaNaples80126Italy
| | - Filippo Pinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical EngineeringPolitecnico di Milano Technical UniversityMilano20133Italy
| | - Vahid Jahed
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Emine Kaya
- Faculty of DentistryIstanbul Okan UniversityTuzla CampusTuzlaIstanbul34959Turkey
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesSabanci UniversityOrta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, OrhanlıTuzlaIstanbul34956Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM)TuzlaIstanbul34956Turkey
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM)TuzlaIstanbul34956Turkey
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical EngineeringPolitecnico di Milano Technical UniversityMilano20133Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM)TuzlaIstanbul34956Turkey
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurWest Bengal721302India
| | | | - Matineh Ghomi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvaz6153753843Iran
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurWest Bengal721302India
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesUniversity of BolognaVia San Vitale 59Bologna40125Italy
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Dental College of GeorgiaAugusta University1430 John Wesley Gilbert DriveAugustaGA30192USA
- The Graduate SchoolAugusta UniversityAugustaGA30912USA
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Nami S, Aghebati-Maleki A, Aghebati-Maleki L. Current applications and prospects of nanoparticles for antifungal drug delivery. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:562-584. [PMID: 33883983 PMCID: PMC8056051 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-3068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the significance of fungi as human pathogens is not medically concealed in the world. Consequently, suitable recognition and treatment of such infections are of great importance and necessitate the need for comprehensive information in this regard. The introduction of new antifungals and their use today, especially in the last two decades, have revolutionized the treatment of fungal infections. On the other hand, increasing drug resistance in the world has overshadowed such developments. The use of NPs results in the treatment of fungal infections and owing to their specific properties, these particles, unlike the pure antibiotics, can exert a greater inhibitory power although with less concentration compared with conventional drugs. Important reasons that have led to the use of antifungal drugs in delivery systems include reduced drug efficacy, limited penetration through tissue, poor aqueous solubility, decreased bioavailability, and poor drug pharmacokinetics. It is therefore hoped that unfavorable properties of antifungal drugs be mitigated via their incorporation into different types of NPs. This review summarizes the different types of NPs as delivery systems of antifungal as well as their advantages over pure drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Nami
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Alsaif N, Algrain N, Wani TA, Bhat MA. Enhanced Efficacy of Thiosemicarbazone Derivative-Encapsulated Fibrin Liposomes against Candidiasis in Murine Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030333. [PMID: 33806702 PMCID: PMC7998974 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most studied species for the candidiasis infection and is becoming resistant towards existing antifungal drugs. Considering this, in the current study, we developed and characterized a fibrin liposome-based formulation encapsulating a novel thiosemicarbazone derivative, 2C, and evaluated its antifungal efficacy against murine candidiasis. The 2C-containing formulation was prepared by encapsulating 2C within the liposomes (2C-L) that were further encapsulated in the fibrin beads (2C-FL). The in-house synthesized 2C-FLs were spherical with a zeta potential of −34.12 ± 0.3 mV, an entrapment efficiency of 72.6 ± 4.7%, and a loading efficiency of 9.21 ± 2.3%, and they showed a slow and sustained release of 2C. Compared to free 2C, the formulation was non-toxic and exhibited serum stability, increased tissue specificity, and penetration. The 2C-FL formulation had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 4.92 ± 0.76 µg/mL and was able to induce apoptosis and necrosis in C. albicans in vitro. The administration of 2C-FL in C. albicans-infected mice prolonged their survival and antifungal effects when compared with the free 2C. The 2C-FL antifungal therapy significantly reduced the fungal burden and displayed an improved survival rate. In conclusion, the 2C thiosemicarbazone derivative possesses a potent antifungal activity that became more advantageous upon its encapsulation in the fibrin liposome delivery system.
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48
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Mu WY, Wang W, Chen QY, Qu LL. Polymer fused GOFe: Light-driven oxygen donor and antiseptics. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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49
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Smith DM, Keller A. DNA Nanostructures in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2000049. [PMID: 33615315 PMCID: PMC7883073 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, humanity has been threatened by countless epidemic and pandemic outbreaks of infectious diseases, from the Justinianic Plague to the Spanish flu to COVID-19. While numerous antimicrobial and antiviral drugs have been developed over the last 200 years to face these threats, the globalized and highly connected world of the 21st century demands for an ever-increasing efficiency in the detection and treatment of infectious diseases. Consequently, the rapidly evolving field of nanomedicine has taken up the challenge and developed a plethora of strategies to fight infectious diseases with the help of various nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles, liposomes, nanogels, and virus capsids. DNA nanotechnology represents a comparatively recent addition to the nanomedicine arsenal, which, over the past decade, has made great progress in the area of cancer diagnostics and therapy. However, the past few years have seen also an increasing number of DNA nanotechnology-related studies that particularly focus on the detection and inhibition of microbial and viral pathogens. Herein, a brief overview of this rather young research field is provided, successful concepts as well as potential challenges are identified, and promising directions for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Smith
- DNA Nanodevices UnitDepartment DiagnosticsFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI04103LeipzigGermany
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter PhysicsFaculty of Physics and Earth SciencesUniversity of Leipzig04103LeipzigGermany
- Institute of Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical School04103LeipzigGermany
- Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication TechnologyGandhinagar382 007India
| | - Adrian Keller
- Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Str. 10033098PaderbornGermany
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50
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Asadi P, Mehravaran A, Soltanloo N, Abastabar M, Akhtari J. Nanoliposome-loaded antifungal drugs for dermal administration: A review. Curr Med Mycol 2021; 7:71-78. [PMID: 34553102 PMCID: PMC8443872 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.7.1.6247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous fungal infections are the fourth most common health problem, which involves approximately one billion people worldwide. Drug delivery to the skin seems to be the best choice for superficial fungal infections. Topical formulations can release a sufficient amount of drug in therapeutical concentrations and permeate higher layers of the skin like the stratum corneum. As the outermost layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum prevents the drug from penetrating the skin. Liposomes, especially nanosized as topical drug delivery systems to the skin, can show various functions depending on their size, lipids and cholesterol components, the percent of ingredients, lamellarity, and surface charge. Nanoliposomes can increase permeation through the stratum corneum, decrease systemic effects with their localizing actions, and overcome many dermal drug delivery obstacles. Antifungal drugs, such as croconazole, econazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine hydrochloride, tolnaftate, and miconazole entrapped in liposomes have indicated improved skin penetration and localizing effects. According to the literature review summarized in this paper, many studies have identified liposomes as a powerful carrier for topical antifungal drug delivery to the skin. However, a few studies introduced new generations of liposomes like ethosomes and transfersomes. This paper was conducted on almost all liposomal studies of antifungal drugs with dermal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Asadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehravaran
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Nahid Soltanloo
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abastabar
- Invasive Fungi Research Center/Department of Medical mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Javad Akhtari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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