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Koutny F, Wiemann D, Eckert A, Meyhöfer S, Fritsch M, Pappa A, Wiegand S, Weyer M, Wurm M, Weghuber D, Holl RW. Poorly controlled pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): An observational study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024. [PMID: 38558281 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have suggested a link between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children and adolescent, but longitudinal evidence is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between poorly controlled T1D and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serving as a proxy for MASLD in children and adolescents over time. METHODS The study included 32,325 children aged 2-17 years with T1D from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland who had undergone at least one assessment of liver enzyme levels recorded in the Diabetes-Patienten- Verlaufsdokumentation registry. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were calculated to show possible associations between T1D and elevated ALT values (>26 U/L in males, >22 U/L in females) as a proxy for MASLD. RESULTS Children with poorly controlled T1D (HbA1c > 11%) exhibited increased odds of elevated ALT values, after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration and overweight (odds ratio [OR] 2.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.10-3.10; p < 0.01). This finding is substantiated by a longitudinal analysis, which reveals that inadequately controlled T1D was associated with a higher hazard ratio (HR) of elevated ALT values compared to children with controlled T1D over an observation period extending up to 5.5 (HR: 1.54; 95% CI, 1.19-2.01; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the current study strongly links poorly controlled T1D in children and adolescents to MASLD irrespective of overweight. This association is not only present cross-sectionally but also increases over time. The study underscores the critical role of effective diabetes management in reducing the risk of MASLD in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Koutny
- Department of Human Medicine, PhD Medical Science, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Rheumatology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital of St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Dagobert Wiemann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Eckert
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, University of Ulm, Germany, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Svenja Meyhöfer
- Institute for Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria Fritsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Angeliki Pappa
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Center for social-pediatric care, Charité, Germany
| | - Marc Weyer
- Kamillus-Klinik Internal Medicine, Asbach, Germany
| | - Michael Wurm
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Hedwigs Campus, University Children's Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Human Medicine, PhD Medical Science, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Reinhard W Holl
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, University of Ulm, Germany, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
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Küppers L, Göbel J, Aretz B, Rieger MA, Weltermann B. Associations between COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Overtime, Perceived Chronic Stress and Burnout Symptoms in German General Practitioners and Practice Personnel-A Prospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:479. [PMID: 38391854 PMCID: PMC10888352 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental burdens of general practitioners (GPs) and practice assistants (PrAs) during the COVID-19 pandemic are well investigated. Work-related conditions like overtime are known to contribute to perceived chronic stress and burnout symptoms. However, there is limited evidence regarding the specific mechanisms, which link pandemic-related overtime, chronic stress and burnout symptoms. This study used data from the IMPROVEjob trial to improve psychological well-being in general practice personnel. METHODS This prospective study with 226 German GPs and PrAs used the baseline (pre-pandemic: October 2019 to March 2020) and follow-up data (pandemic: October 2020 to April 2021) of the IMPROVEjob trial. Overtime was self-reported as hours above the regular work time. Perceived chronic stress was assessed using the Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress Screening Scale (TICS-SSCS), while burnout symptoms were evaluated using a short version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). A mediation analysis investigated the differences of the three main variables between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. RESULTS Burnout symptoms increased significantly from baseline to follow-up (p = 0.003). Overtime correlated positively with burnout symptoms (Total Effect: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.23). Decomposition of the total effect revealed a significant indirect effect over perceived chronic stress (0.11; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.18) and no significant direct effect (0.02; 95% CI: -0.08, 0.12), indicating a full mediation. CONCLUSION In this large longitudinal study, pandemic-related overtime led to significantly higher levels of burnout symptoms, linked by a pathway through perceived chronic stress. Future prevention strategies need to aim at reducing the likelihood of overtime to ensure the mental well-being of practice personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Küppers
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julian Göbel
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Aretz
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Birgitta Weltermann
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Thielmann B, Wagner A, Bozorgmehr A, Rind E, Siegel A, Hippler M, Weltermann B, Degen L, Göbel J, Minder K, Seifried-Dübon T, Junne F, Herrmann-Werner A, Jöckel KH, Schröder V, Pieper C, Eilerts AL, Wittich A, Rieger MA, Böckelmann I. The Predominance of the Health-Promoting Patterns of Work Behavior and Experience in General Practice Teams-Results of the IMPROVE job Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:299. [PMID: 38338184 PMCID: PMC10855740 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the distribution of the "Work-related behavior and experience patterns" (Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens-und Erlebnismuster, AVEM) in general practitioners and their teams by using baseline data of the IMPROVEjob study. Members of 60 general practices with 84 physicians in a leadership position, 28 employed physicians, and 254 practice assistants participated in a survey in 2019 and 2020. In this analysis, we focused on AVEM variables. Age, practice years, work experience, and working time were used as control variables in the Spearman Rho correlations and analysis of variance. The majority of the participants (72.1%) revealed a health-promoting pattern (G or S). Three of eleven AVEM dimensions were above the norm for the professional group "employed physicians". The AVEM dimensions "striving for perfection" (p < 0.001), "experience of success at work" (p < 0.001), "satisfaction with life" (p = 0.003), and "experience of social support" (p = 0.019) differed significantly between the groups' practice owners and practice assistants, with the practice owners achieving the higher values, except for experience of social support. Practice affiliation had no effect on almost all AVEM dimensions. We found a high prevalence of AVEM health-promoting patterns in our sample. Nearly half of the participants in all professional groups showed an unambitious pattern (S). Adapted interventions for the represented AVEM patterns are possible and should be utilized for maintaining mental health among general practice teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Thielmann
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (B.T.); (E.R.); (A.S.); (M.H.); (M.A.R.)
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Anke Wagner
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (B.T.); (E.R.); (A.S.); (M.H.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Arezoo Bozorgmehr
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus. 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.B.); (B.W.); (L.D.); (J.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Esther Rind
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (B.T.); (E.R.); (A.S.); (M.H.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (B.T.); (E.R.); (A.S.); (M.H.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Melina Hippler
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (B.T.); (E.R.); (A.S.); (M.H.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Birgitta Weltermann
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus. 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.B.); (B.W.); (L.D.); (J.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Lukas Degen
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus. 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.B.); (B.W.); (L.D.); (J.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Julian Göbel
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus. 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.B.); (B.W.); (L.D.); (J.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Karen Minder
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus. 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.B.); (B.W.); (L.D.); (J.G.); (K.M.)
| | - Tanja Seifried-Dübon
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.-D.); (F.J.)
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.-D.); (F.J.)
| | - Anne Herrmann-Werner
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education (TIME), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Center for Clinical Trials, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany; (K.-H.J.); (V.S.)
| | - Verena Schröder
- Center for Clinical Trials, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany; (K.-H.J.); (V.S.)
| | - Claudia Pieper
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany; (C.P.)
| | - Anna-Lisa Eilerts
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany; (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Wittich
- Occupational Health Psychology—Research and Consulting, Sternbergstr 19, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (B.T.); (E.R.); (A.S.); (M.H.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Irina Böckelmann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
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Peng Z, Apfelbacher C, Brandstetter S, Eils R, Kabesch M, Lehmann I, Trump S, Wellmann S, Genuneit J. Directed acyclic graph for epidemiological studies in childhood food allergy: Construction, user's guide, and application. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38234010 DOI: 10.1111/all.16025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Understanding modifiable prenatal and early life causal determinants of food allergy is important for the prevention of the disease. Randomized clinical trials studying environmental and dietary determinants of food allergy may not always be feasible. Identifying risk/protective factors for early-life food allergy often relies on observational studies, which may be affected by confounding bias. The directed acyclic graph (DAG) is a causal diagram useful to guide causal inference from observational epidemiological research. To date, research on food allergy has made little use of this promising method. We performed a literature review of existing evidence with a systematic search, synthesized 32 known risk/protective factors, and constructed a comprehensive DAG for early-life food allergy development. We present an easy-to-use online tool for researchers to re-construct, amend, and modify the DAG along with a user's guide to minimize confounding bias. We estimated that adjustment strategies in 57% of previous observational studies on modifiable factors of childhood food allergy could be improved if the researchers determined their adjustment sets by DAG. Future researchers who are interested in the causal inference of food allergy development in early life can apply the DAG to identify covariates that should and should not be controlled in observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxin Peng
- Pediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Brandstetter
- Member of the Research and Development Campus Regensburg (WECARE) at the Clinic St. Hedwig, Regensburg, Germany
- University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO-Clinics), University of Regensburg, Clinic St. Hedwig, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- German Center of Child and Youth Health (DZKJ), Germany
| | - Michael Kabesch
- Member of the Research and Development Campus Regensburg (WECARE) at the Clinic St. Hedwig, Regensburg, Germany
- University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO-Clinics), University of Regensburg, Clinic St. Hedwig, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- German Center of Child and Youth Health (DZKJ), Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Trump
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Wellmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jon Genuneit
- Pediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- German Center of Child and Youth Health (DZKJ), Germany
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Gikonyo MW, Ahn SJ, Biondi M, Fritzlar F, Okamura Y, Vogel H, Köllner TG, Şen İ, Hernández-Teixidor D, Lee CF, Letsch H, Beran F. A radiation of Psylliodes flea beetles on Brassicaceae is associated with the evolution of specific detoxification enzymes. Evolution 2024; 78:127-145. [PMID: 37919254 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Flea beetles of the genus Psylliodes have evolved specialized interactions with plant species belonging to several distantly related families, mainly Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, and Fagaceae. This diverse host use indicates that Psylliodes flea beetles are able to cope with different chemical defense metabolites, including glucosinolates, the characteristic defense metabolites of Brassicaceae. Here we investigated the evolution of host use and the emergence of a glucosinolate-specific detoxification mechanism in Psylliodes flea beetles. In phylogenetic analyses, Psylliodes species clustered into four major clades, three of which contained mainly species specialized on either Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, or Fagaceae. Most members of the fourth clade have broader host use, including Brassicaceae and Poaceae as major host plant families. Ancestral state reconstructions suggest that Psylliodes flea beetles were initially associated with Brassicaceae and then either shifted to Solanaceae or Fagaceae, or expanded their host repertoire to Poaceae. Despite a putative ancestral association with Brassicaceae, we found evidence that the evolution of glucosinolate-specific detoxification enzymes coincides with the radiation of Psylliodes on Brassicaceae, suggesting that these are not required for using Brassicaceae as hosts but could improve the efficiency of host use by specialized Psylliodes species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda W Gikonyo
- Research Group Sequestration and Detoxification in Insects, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Seung-Joon Ahn
- Research Group Sequestration and Detoxification in Insects, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology & Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, US
| | - Maurizio Biondi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Frank Fritzlar
- Thüringer Landesamt für Umwelt, Bergbau und Naturschutz, Weimar, Germany
| | - Yu Okamura
- Department of Entomology, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias G Köllner
- Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - İsmail Şen
- Faculty of Technology, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey
| | - David Hernández-Teixidor
- Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Chi-Feng Lee
- Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Harald Letsch
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Division of Tropical Ecology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Beran
- Research Group Sequestration and Detoxification in Insects, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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Zülke AE, Pabst A, Luppa M, Roehr S, Seidling H, Oey A, Cardona MI, Blotenberg I, Bauer A, Weise S, Zöllinger I, Sanftenberg L, Brettschneider C, Döhring J, Lunden L, Czock D, Haefeli WE, Wiese B, Hoffmann W, Frese T, Gensichen J, König H, Kaduszkiewicz H, Thyrian JR, Riedel‐Heller SG. A multidomain intervention against cognitive decline in an at-risk-population in Germany: Results from the cluster-randomized AgeWell.de trial. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:615-628. [PMID: 37768074 PMCID: PMC10917033 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the effectiveness of a multidomain intervention to preserve cognitive function in older adults at risk for dementia in Germany in a cluster-randomized trial. METHODS Individuals with a Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) risk score ≥ 9 aged 60 to 77 years were recruited. After randomization of their general practitioner (GP), patients received a multidomain intervention (including optimization of nutrition and medication, and physical, social, and cognitive activity) or general health advice and GP treatment as usual over 24 months. Primary outcome was global cognitive performance (composite z score, based on domain-specific neuropsychological tests). RESULTS Of 1030 participants at baseline, n = 819 completed the 24-month follow-up assessment. No differences regarding global cognitive performance (average marginal effect = 0.010, 95% confidence interval: -0.113, 0.133) were found between groups at follow-up. Perceived restrictions in intervention conduct by the COVID-19 pandemic did not impact intervention effectiveness. DISCUSSION The intervention did not improve global cognitive performance. HIGHLIGHTS Overall, no intervention effects on global cognitive performance were detected. The multidomain intervention improved health-related quality of life in the total sample. In women, the multidomain intervention reduced depressive symptoms. The intervention was completed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E. Zülke
- Institute of Social MedicineOccupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institute of Social MedicineOccupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Melanie Luppa
- Institute of Social MedicineOccupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Susanne Roehr
- Institute of Social MedicineOccupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- School of PsychologyMassey UniversityManawatū CampusPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI)Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Hanna Seidling
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacoepidemiologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Anke Oey
- Institute for General PracticeWork Group Medical Statistics and IT‐InfrastructureHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Maria Isabel Cardona
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Iris Blotenberg
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Alexander Bauer
- Institute of General Practice and Family MedicineMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Solveig Weise
- Institute of General Practice and Family MedicineMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Isabel Zöllinger
- Institute of General Practice/Family MedicineUniversity Hospital of LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Linda Sanftenberg
- Institute of General Practice/Family MedicineUniversity Hospital of LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Christian Brettschneider
- University Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfDepartment of Health Economics and Health Service ResearchHamburgGermany
| | | | - Laura Lunden
- Institute of General PracticeUniversity of KielKielGermany
| | - David Czock
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacoepidemiologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Walter E. Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacoepidemiologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Institute for General PracticeWork Group Medical Statistics and IT‐InfrastructureHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- Institute for Community MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute of General Practice and Family MedicineMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Jochen Gensichen
- Institute of General Practice/Family MedicineUniversity Hospital of LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Hans‐Helmut König
- University Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfDepartment of Health Economics and Health Service ResearchHamburgGermany
| | | | - Jochen René Thyrian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- Institute for Community MedicineUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- Faculty V–Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of SiegenSiegenGermany
| | - Steffi G. Riedel‐Heller
- Institute of Social MedicineOccupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
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7
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Hauptmann T, Fellenz S, Nathan L, Tüscher O, Kramer S. Discriminative machine learning for maximal representative subsampling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20925. [PMID: 38017053 PMCID: PMC10684887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biased population samples pose a prevalent problem in the social sciences. Therefore, we present two novel methods that are based on positive-unlabeled learning to mitigate bias. Both methods leverage auxiliary information from a representative data set and train machine learning classifiers to determine the sample weights. The first method, named maximum representative subsampling (MRS), uses a classifier to iteratively remove instances, by assigning a sample weight of 0, from the biased data set until it aligns with the representative one. The second method is a variant of MRS - Soft-MRS - that iteratively adapts sample weights instead of removing samples completely. To assess the effectiveness of our approach, we induced artificial bias in a public census data set and examined the corrected estimates. We compare the performance of our methods against existing techniques, evaluating the ability of sample weights created with Soft-MRS or MRS to minimize differences and improve downstream classification tasks. Lastly, we demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methods in a real-world study of resilience research, exploring the influence of resilience on voting behavior. Through our work, we address the issue of bias in social science, amongst others, and provide a versatile methodology for bias reduction based on machine learning. Based on our experiments, we recommend to use MRS for downstream classification tasks and Soft-MRS for downstream tasks where the relative bias of the dependent variable is relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Hauptmann
- Institute of Computer Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Sophie Fellenz
- Institute of Computer Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laksan Nathan
- Institute of Computer Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- The Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Kramer
- Institute of Computer Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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8
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Löw K, Möller R, Stegmann C, Becker M, Rehburg L, Obernolte H, Schaudien D, Oestereich L, Braun A, Kunz S, Gerold G. Luminescent reporter cells enable the identification of broad-spectrum antivirals against emerging viruses. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29211. [PMID: 37975336 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The emerging viruses SARS-CoV-2 and arenaviruses cause severe respiratory and hemorrhagic diseases, respectively. The production of infectious particles of both viruses and virus spread in tissues requires cleavage of surface glycoproteins (GPs) by host proprotein convertases (PCs). SARS-CoV-2 and arenaviruses rely on GP cleavage by PCs furin and subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease (SKI-1/S1P), respectively. We report improved luciferase-based reporter cell lines, named luminescent inducible proprotein convertase reporter cells that we employ to monitor PC activity in its authentic subcellular compartment. Using these sensor lines we screened a small compound library in high-throughput manner. We identified 23 FDA-approved small molecules, among them monensin which displayed broad activity against furin and SKI-1/S1P. Monensin inhibited arenaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in a dose-dependent manner. We observed a strong reduction in infectious particle release upon monensin treatment with little effect on released genome copies. This was reflected by inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 spike processing suggesting the release of immature particles. In a proof of concept experiment using human precision cut lung slices, monensin potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection, evidenced by reduced infectious particle release. We propose that our PC sensor pipeline is a suitable tool to identify broad-spectrum antivirals with therapeutic potential to combat current and future emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Löw
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Möller
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cora Stegmann
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Miriam Becker
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Rehburg
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helena Obernolte
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer International Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases, (CIMD), Hannover, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH) Research Network, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer International Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases, (CIMD), Hannover, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH) Research Network, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lisa Oestereich
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infectious Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer International Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases, (CIMD), Hannover, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH) Research Network, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Kunz
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Sweden
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9
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Ghaur A, Pfeiffer F, Diddens D, Peschel C, Dienwiebel I, Du L, Profanter L, Weiling M, Winter M, Placke T, Nowak S, Baghernejad M. Molecular-Cling-Effect of Fluoroethylene Carbonate Characterized via Ethoxy(pentafluoro)cyclotriphosphazene on SiOx/C Anode Materials - A New Perspective for Formerly Sub-Sufficient SEI Forming Additive Compounds. Small 2023; 19:e2302486. [PMID: 37403278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective electrolyte compositions are of primary importance in raising the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Recently, fluorinated cyclic phosphazenes in combination with fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) have been introduced as promising electrolyte additives, which can decompose to form an effective dense, uniform, and thin protective layer on the surface of electrodes. Although the basic electrochemical aspects of cyclic fluorinated phosphazenes combined with FEC were introduced, it is still unclear how these two compounds interact constructively during operation. This study investigates the complementary effect of FEC and ethoxy(pentafluoro)cyclotriphosphazene (EtPFPN) in aprotic organic electrolyte in LiNi0.5 Co0.2 Mn0.3 O ∥ SiOx /C full cells. The formation mechanism of lithium ethyl methyl carbonate (LEMC)-EtPFPN interphasial intermediate products and the reaction mechanism of lithium alkoxide with EtPFPN are proposed and supported by Density Functional Theory calculations. A novel property of FEC is also discussed here, called molecular-cling-effect (MCE). To the best knowledge, the MCE has not been reported in the literature, although FEC belongs to one of the most investigated electrolyte additives. The beneficial MCE of FEC toward the sub-sufficient solid-electrolyte interphase forming additive compound EtPFPN is investigated via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography high resolution-accurate mass spectrometry, in situ shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjmal Ghaur
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Pfeiffer
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Diddo Diddens
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Peschel
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Iris Dienwiebel
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Leilei Du
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Laurin Profanter
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Weiling
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Winter
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Placke
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sascha Nowak
- University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Masoud Baghernejad
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
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10
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Zöllinger I, Bauer A, Blotenberg I, Brettschneider C, Buchholz M, Czock D, Döhring J, Escales C, Fankhaenel T, Frese T, Hoffmann W, Kaduszkiewicz H, König HH, Luppa M, Oey A, Pabst A, Sanftenberg L, Thyrian JR, Weiss J, Wendel F, Wiese B, Riedel-Heller SG, Gensichen J. Associations of Depressive Symptoms with Subjective Cognitive Decline in Elderly People-A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the AgeWell.de-Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5205. [PMID: 37629244 PMCID: PMC10455560 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop effective dementia prevention strategies, it is necessary to understand risk factors, associated factors and early signs of dementia. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is the earliest form of dementia. The aim of this study is to assess depression as a factor that is significantly associated with SCD. The data of 1030 general practitioner patients from the AgeWell.de-study (60-77 years; CAIDE dementia risk score ≥ 9) were analysed. A descriptive analysis was conducted using validated instruments like the Geriatric depression scale (GDS), Lubben social network scale (LSNS-6) and education classes according to CASMIN (Comparative Analysis of Social Mobility in Industrial Nations). A multivariate regression model with the dependent variable SCD was calculated. Of the 1030 participants, 5.9% had depressive symptoms and 31.3% SCD. The group with depressive symptoms showed significantly higher body-mass-index (p = 0.005), lower education class (p = 0.022), lower LSNS-6 score (p < 0.001), higher sports activity (p < 0.001), and more sleeping problems (p = 0.026). In the regression model a higher GDS-score [Odds ratio (OR): 1.219 (p < 0.001)], more sleeping problems [OR: 1.550 (p = 0.017)] and higher education class [middle/high: OR: 1.474/1.875 (p = 0.037/0.004)] were significantly associated with SCD. This study identified depressive symptoms, sleeping problems, and higher education classes as factors associated with SCD, which can represent an early form of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Zöllinger
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (L.S.); (J.W.); (F.W.); (J.G.)
| | - Alexander Bauer
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (A.B.); (T.F.); (T.F.)
| | - Iris Blotenberg
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (I.B.); (M.B.); (W.H.); (J.R.T.)
| | - Christian Brettschneider
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (C.B.); (H.-H.K.)
| | - Maresa Buchholz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (I.B.); (M.B.); (W.H.); (J.R.T.)
| | - David Czock
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Juliane Döhring
- Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (J.D.); (C.E.); (H.K.)
| | - Catharina Escales
- Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (J.D.); (C.E.); (H.K.)
| | - Thomas Fankhaenel
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (A.B.); (T.F.); (T.F.)
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (A.B.); (T.F.); (T.F.)
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (I.B.); (M.B.); (W.H.); (J.R.T.)
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hanna Kaduszkiewicz
- Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (J.D.); (C.E.); (H.K.)
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (C.B.); (H.-H.K.)
| | - Melanie Luppa
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.)
| | - Anke Oey
- State Health Department of Lower Saxony, 30449 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.)
| | - Linda Sanftenberg
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (L.S.); (J.W.); (F.W.); (J.G.)
| | - Jochen René Thyrian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (I.B.); (M.B.); (W.H.); (J.R.T.)
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julian Weiss
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (L.S.); (J.W.); (F.W.); (J.G.)
| | - Flora Wendel
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (L.S.); (J.W.); (F.W.); (J.G.)
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Work Group Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.)
| | - Jochen Gensichen
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (L.S.); (J.W.); (F.W.); (J.G.)
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11
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Kugai S, Wild D, Krumpholtz Y, Schmidt M, Balzer K, Mayerböck A, Weltermann B. German GPs' Self-Perceived Role in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Leadership, Participation in Regional Services and Preferences for Future Pandemic Preparedness. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6088. [PMID: 37372676 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
General practitioners (GPs) played a vital role during the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about GPs' view of their role, leadership, participation in regional services and preferences for future pandemic preparedness. This representative study of German GPs comprised a web-based survey and computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). It addressed GPs' satisfaction with their role, self-perceived leadership (validated C-LEAD scale), participation in newly established health services, and preferences for future pandemic preparedness (net promotor score; NPS; range -100 to +100%). Statistical analyses were conducted using Spearman's correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests. In total, 630 GPs completed the questionnaire and 102 GPs the CATI. In addition to their practice duties, most GPs (72.5%) participated in at least one regional health service, mainly vaccination centres/teams (52.7%). Self-perceived leadership was high with a C-LEAD score of 47.4 (max. 63; SD ± 8.5). Overall, 58.8% were not satisfied with their role which correlated with the feeling of being left alone (r = -0.349, p < 0.001). 77.5 % of respondents believed that political leaders underestimated GPs' potential contribution to pandemic control. Regarding regional pandemic services, GPs preferred COVID-19 focus practices (NPS +43.7) over diagnostic centres (NPS -31). Many GPs, though highly engaged regionally, were dissatisfied with their role but had clear preferences for future regional services. Future pandemic planning should integrate GPs' perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kugai
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorothea Wild
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yelda Krumpholtz
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuela Schmidt
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Balzer
- Nursing Research Unit, Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Astrid Mayerböck
- uzbonn, Survey Center Bonn-Center for Empirical Social Research and Evaluation, Oxfordstraße 15, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Birgitta Weltermann
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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12
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Macnee M, Pérez-Palma E, Brünger T, Klöckner C, Platzer K, Stefanski A, Montanucci L, Bayat A, Radtke M, Collins RL, Talkowski M, Blankenberg D, Møller RS, Lemke JR, Nothnagel M, May P, Lal D. CNV-ClinViewer: enhancing the clinical interpretation of large copy-number variants online. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad290. [PMID: 37104749 PMCID: PMC10174702 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Pathogenic copy-number variants (CNVs) can cause a heterogeneous spectrum of rare and severe disorders. However, most CNVs are benign and are part of natural variation in human genomes. CNV pathogenicity classification, genotype-phenotype analyses, and therapeutic target identification are challenging and time-consuming tasks that require the integration and analysis of information from multiple scattered sources by experts. RESULTS Here, we introduce the CNV-ClinViewer, an open-source web application for clinical evaluation and visual exploration of CNVs. The application enables real-time interactive exploration of large CNV datasets in a user-friendly designed interface and facilitates semi-automated clinical CNV interpretation following the ACMG guidelines by integrating the ClassifCNV tool. In combination with clinical judgment, the application enables clinicians and researchers to formulate novel hypotheses and guide their decision-making process. Subsequently, the CNV-ClinViewer enhances for clinical investigators' patient care and for basic scientists' translational genomic research. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The web application is freely available at https://cnv-ClinViewer.broadinstitute.org and the open-source code can be found at https://github.com/LalResearchGroup/CNV-clinviewer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Macnee
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Palma
- Universidad del Desarrollo, Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chiara Klöckner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arthur Stefanski
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Member of ERN Epicare, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maximilian Radtke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ryan L Collins
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Talkowski
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Blankenberg
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Member of ERN Epicare, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick May
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dennis Lal
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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13
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Domhardt M, Lutsch A, Sander LB, Paganini S, Spanhel K, Ebert DD, Terhorst Y, Baumeister H. Mediators of digital depression prevention in patients with chronic back pain: Findings from a multicenter randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 2023:2023-65889-001. [PMID: 37104802 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms of change in digital interventions for the prevention of depression are largely unknown. Here, we explored whether five theoretically derived intervening variables (i.e., pain intensity, pain-related disability, pain self-efficacy, quality of life [QoL], and work capacity) were mediating the effectiveness of a digital intervention specifically designed to prevent depression in patients with chronic back pain (CBP). METHOD This study is a secondary analysis of a pragmatic, observer-masked randomized clinical trial conducted at 82 orthopedic clinics in Germany. A total of 295 adults with a diagnosis of CBP and subclinical depressive symptoms were randomized to either the intervention group (n = 149) or treatment-as-usual (n = 146). Longitudinal mediation analyses were conducted with structural equation modeling and depression symptom severity as primary outcome (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]; 6 months after randomization) on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS Beside the effectiveness of the digital intervention in preventing depression, we found a significant causal mediation effect for QoL as measured with the complete scale of Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-6D; axb: -0.234), as well as for the QoL subscales mental health (axb: -0.282) and coping (axb: -0.249). All other potential intervening variables were not significant. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a relevant role of QoL, including active coping, as change mechanism in the prevention of depression. Yet, more research is needed to extend and specify our knowledge on empirically supported processes in digital depression prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arne Lutsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg
| | - Sarah Paganini
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Freiburg
| | | | - David D Ebert
- Department of Psychology and Digital Mental Health Care, Technical University of Munich
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University
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14
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Hajduczenia MM, Klefisch FR, Hopf AGM, Grubitzsch H, Stegemann MS, Pfäfflin F, Puhlmann B, Ocken M, Kretzler L, von Schöning D, Falk V, Moter A, Kikhney J. New Perspectives for Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: Impact of Molecular Imaging by FISHseq Diagnostics. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:1050-1058. [PMID: 36318608 PMCID: PMC10029985 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbial etiology of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVE) can be difficult to identify. Our aim was to investigate the benefit of molecular imaging technique fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) combined with 16S rRNA-gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing (FISHseq) for the analysis of infected prosthetic heart valves. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic outcome of 113 prosthetic valves from 105 patients with suspected PVE, treated in 2003-2013 in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin. Each prosthetic valve underwent cultural diagnostics and was routinely examined by FISH combined with 16S rRNA gene PCR and sequencing. We compared classical microbiological culture outcomes (blood and valve cultures) with FISHseq results and evaluated the diagnostic impact of the molecular imaging technique. RESULTS Conventional microbiological diagnostic alone turned out to be insufficient, as 67% of preoperative blood cultures were noninformative (negative, inconclusive, or not obtained) and 67% of valve cultures remained negative. FISHseq improved the conventional cultural diagnostic methods in PVE in 30% of the cases and increased diagnostic accuracy. Of the valve culture-negative PVE cases, FISHseq succeeded in identifying the causative pathogen in 35%. CONCLUSIONS FISHseq improves PVE diagnostics, complementing conventional cultural methods. In addition to species identification, FISH provides information about the severity of PVE and state of the pathogens (eg, stage of biofilm formation, activity, and localization on and within the prosthetic material). As a molecular imaging technique, FISHseq enables the unambiguous discrimination of skin flora as contaminant or infectious agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Hajduczenia
- Biofilmcenter, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank R Klefisch
- Department of Internal Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Paulinen Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander G M Hopf
- Biofilmcenter, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Herko Grubitzsch
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam S Stegemann
- Department for Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frieder Pfäfflin
- Department for Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Puhlmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michele Ocken
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucie Kretzler
- Clinical Trial Unit, Clinical Study Center, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dinah von Schöning
- Department of Microbiology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Moter
- Biofilmcenter, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- MoKi Analytics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Moter Diagnostics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Kikhney
- Biofilmcenter, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- MoKi Analytics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Brünger T, Pérez-Palma E, Montanucci L, Nothnagel M, Møller RS, Schorge S, Zuberi S, Symonds J, Lemke JR, Brunklaus A, Traynelis SF, May P, Lal D. Conserved patterns across ion channels correlate with variant pathogenicity and clinical phenotypes. Brain 2023; 146:923-934. [PMID: 36036558 PMCID: PMC9976975 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically identified genetic variants in ion channels can be benign or cause disease by increasing or decreasing the protein function. As a consequence, therapeutic decision-making is challenging without molecular testing of each variant. Our biophysical knowledge of ion-channel structures and function is just emerging, and it is currently not well understood which amino acid residues cause disease when mutated. We sought to systematically identify biological properties associated with variant pathogenicity across all major voltage and ligand-gated ion-channel families. We collected and curated 3049 pathogenic variants from hundreds of neurodevelopmental and other disorders and 12 546 population variants for 30 ion channel or channel subunits for which a high-quality protein structure was available. Using a wide range of bioinformatics approaches, we computed 163 structural features and tested them for pathogenic variant enrichment. We developed a novel 3D spatial distance scoring approach that enables comparisons of pathogenic and population variant distribution across protein structures. We discovered and independently replicated that several pore residue properties and proximity to the pore axis were most significantly enriched for pathogenic variants compared to population variants. Using our 3D scoring approach, we showed that the strongest pathogenic variant enrichment was observed for pore-lining residues and alpha-helix residues within 5Å distance from the pore axis centre and not involved in gating. Within the subset of residues located at the pore, the hydrophobicity of the pore was the feature most strongly associated with variant pathogenicity. We also found an association between the identified properties and both clinical phenotypes and functional in vitro assays for voltage-gated sodium channels (SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN8A) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B) encoding genes. In an independent expert-curated dataset of 1422 neurodevelopmental disorder pathogenic patient variants and 679 electrophysiological experiments, we show that pore axis distance is associated with seizure age of onset and cognitive performance as well as differential gain versus loss-of-channel function. In summary, we identified biological properties associated with ion-channel malfunction and show that these are correlated with in vitro functional readouts and clinical phenotypes in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Our results suggest that clinical decision support algorithms that predict variant pathogenicity and function are feasible in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Brünger
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Palma
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago 7590943, Chile
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, the Danish Epilepsy Center, DK 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Schorge
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sameer Zuberi
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Joseph Symonds
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Brunklaus
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322-3090, USA
| | - Patrick May
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dennis Lal
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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16
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Iqbal S, Brünger T, Pérez-Palma E, Macnee M, Brunklaus A, Daly MJ, Campbell AJ, Hoksza D, May P, Lal D. Delineation of functionally essential protein regions for 242 neurodevelopmental genes. Brain 2023; 146:519-533. [PMID: 36256779 PMCID: PMC9924913 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including severe paediatric epilepsy, autism and intellectual disabilities are heterogeneous conditions in which clinical genetic testing can often identify a pathogenic variant. For many of them, genetic therapies will be tested in this or the coming years in clinical trials. In contrast to first-generation symptomatic treatments, the new disease-modifying precision medicines require a genetic test-informed diagnosis before a patient can be enrolled in a clinical trial. However, even in 2022, most identified genetic variants in NDD genes are 'variants of uncertain significance'. To safely enrol patients in precision medicine clinical trials, it is important to increase our knowledge about which regions in NDD-associated proteins can 'tolerate' missense variants and which ones are 'essential' and will cause a NDD when mutated. In addition, knowledge about functionally indispensable regions in the 3D structure context of proteins can also provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of disease variants. We developed a novel consensus approach that overlays evolutionary, and population based genomic scores to identify 3D essential sites (Essential3D) on protein structures. After extensive benchmarking of AlphaFold predicted and experimentally solved protein structures, we generated the currently largest expert curated protein structure set for 242 NDDs and identified 14 377 Essential3D sites across 189 gene disorders associated proteins. We demonstrate that the consensus annotation of Essential3D sites improves prioritization of disease mutations over single annotations. The identified Essential3D sites were enriched for functional features such as intermembrane regions or active sites and discovered key inter-molecule interactions in protein complexes that were otherwise not annotated. Using the currently largest autism, developmental disorders, and epilepsies exome sequencing studies including >360 000 NDD patients and population controls, we found that missense variants at Essential3D sites are 8-fold enriched in patients. In summary, we developed a comprehensive protein structure set for 242 NDDs and identified 14 377 Essential3D sites in these. All data are available at https://es-ndd.broadinstitute.org for interactive visual inspection to enhance variant interpretation and development of mechanistic hypotheses for 242 NDDs genes. The provided resources will enhance clinical variant interpretation and in silico drug target development for NDD-associated genes and encoded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Iqbal
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Palma
- Universidad del Desarrollo, Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, 7610658 Las Condes, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Marie Macnee
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
| | - Andreas Brunklaus
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mark J Daly
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arthur J Campbell
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David Hoksza
- Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 110 00 Staré Město, Czechia, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick May
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dennis Lal
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50923 Köln, Germany
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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17
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Kiefer C, Lemmerich F, Langenberg B, Mayer A. Subgroup discovery in structural equation models. Psychol Methods 2022:2023-05981-001. [PMID: 36201823 DOI: 10.1037/met0000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Structural equation modeling is one of the most popular statistical frameworks in the social and behavioral sciences. Often, detection of groups with distinct sets of parameters in structural equation models (SEM) are of key importance for applied researchers, for example, when investigating differential item functioning for a mental ability test or examining children with exceptional educational trajectories. In the present article, we present a new approach combining subgroup discovery-a well-established toolkit of supervised learning algorithms and techniques from the field of computer science-with structural equation models termed SubgroupSEM. We provide an overview and comparison of three approaches to modeling and detecting heterogeneous groups in structural equation models, namely, finite mixture models, SEM trees, and SubgroupSEM. We provide a step-by-step guide to applying subgroup discovery techniques for structural equation models, followed by a detailed and illustrated presentation of pruning strategies and four subgroup discovery algorithms. Finally, the SubgroupSEM approach will be illustrated on two real data examples, examining measurement invariance of a mental ability test and investigating interesting subgroups for the mediated relationship between predictors of educational outcomes and the trajectories of math competencies in 5th grade children. The illustrative examples are accompanied by examples of the R package subgroupsem, which is a viable implementation of our approach for applied researchers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Axel Mayer
- Department of Psychological Methods and Evaluation
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18
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Naceri A, Elsner J, Tröbinger M, Sadeghian H, Johannsmeier L, Voigt F, Chen X, Macari D, Jähne C, Berlet M, Fuchtmann J, Figueredo L, Feußner H, Wilhelm D, Haddadin S. Tactile Robotic Telemedicine for Safe Remote Diagnostics in Times of Corona: System Design, Feasibility and Usability Study. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2022; 7:10296-10303. [PMID: 36345294 PMCID: PMC9454265 DOI: 10.1109/lra.2022.3191563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The current crisis surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates the amount of responsibility and the workload on our healthcare system and, above all, on the medical staff around the world. In this work, we propose a promising approach to overcome this problem using robot-assisted telediagnostics, which allows medical experts to examine patients from distance. The designed telediagnostic system consists of two robotic arms. Each robot is located at the doctor and patient sites. Such a system enables the doctor to have a direct conversation via telepresence and to examine patients through robot-assisted inspection (guided tactile and audiovisual contact). The proposed bilateral teleoperation system is redundant in terms of teleoperation control algorithms and visual feedback. Specifically, we implemented two main control modes: joint-based and displacement-based teleoperation. The joint-based mode was implemented due to its high transparency and ease of mapping between Leader and Follower whereas the displacement-based is highly flexible in terms of relative pose mapping and null-space control. Tracking tests between Leader and Follower were conducted on our system using both wired and wireless connections. Moreover, our system was tested by seven medical doctors in two experiments. User studies demonstrated the system's usability and it was successfully validated by the medical experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeldjallil Naceri
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Jean Elsner
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Mario Tröbinger
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Hamid Sadeghian
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
- University of Isfahan8174673441IsfahanIran
| | - Lars Johannsmeier
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Florian Voigt
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Xiao Chen
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Daniela Macari
- Franka Emika GmbH80797MunichGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsMax Planck ETH Center for Learning Systems70569StuttgartGermany
| | | | - Maximilian Berlet
- MITI Group, University Hospital Rechts der IsarTech. University Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Jonas Fuchtmann
- MITI Group, University Hospital Rechts der IsarTech. University Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Luis Figueredo
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Hubertus Feußner
- MITI Group, University Hospital Rechts der IsarTech. University Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Dirk Wilhelm
- MITI Group, University Hospital Rechts der IsarTech. University Munich80992MunichGermany
| | - Sami Haddadin
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine IntelligenceTechnical University of Munich80992MunichGermany
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI)80992MunichGermany
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19
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Schmiedek F, Lövdén M, Ratcliff R, Lindenberger U. Practice-related changes in perceptual evidence accumulation correlate with changes in working memory. J Exp Psychol Gen 2022; 152:763-779. [PMID: 36136813 PMCID: PMC10030378 DOI: 10.1037/xge0001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that evidence accumulation determines not only the speed and accuracy of simple perceptual decisions but also influences performance on tasks assessing higher-order cognitive abilities, such as working memory (WM). Accordingly, estimates of evidence accumulation based on diffusion decision modeling of perceptual decision-making tasks have been found to correlate with WM performance. Here we use diffusion decision modeling in combination with latent factor modeling to test the stronger prediction that practice-induced changes in evidence accumulation correlate with changes in WM performance. Analyses are based on data from the COGITO Study, in which 101 young adults practiced a battery of cognitive tasks, including three simple two-choice reaction time tasks and three WM tasks, in 100 day-to-day training sessions distributed over 6 months. In initial analyses, drift rates were found to correlate across the three choice tasks, such that latent factors of evidence accumulation could be established. These latent factors of evidence accumulation were positively correlated with latent factors of practiced and unpracticed WM tasks, both before and after practice. As predicted, individual differences in changes of evidence accumulation correlated positively with changes in WM performance. Our findings support the proposition that decision making and WM both rely on the active maintenance of task-relevant internal representations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmiedek
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Education and Human Development, DIPF j Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence can go to
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg
| | | | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany, and London, United Kingdom
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20
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Johannesen KM, Liu Y, Koko M, Gjerulfsen CE, Sonnenberg L, Schubert J, Fenger CD, Eltokhi A, Rannap M, Koch NA, Lauxmann S, Krüger J, Kegele J, Canafoglia L, Franceschetti S, Mayer T, Rebstock J, Zacher P, Ruf S, Alber M, Sterbova K, Lassuthová P, Vlckova M, Lemke JR, Platzer K, Krey I, Heine C, Wieczorek D, Kroell-Seger J, Lund C, Klein KM, Au PYB, Rho JM, Ho AW, Masnada S, Veggiotti P, Giordano L, Accorsi P, Hoei-Hansen CE, Striano P, Zara F, Verhelst H, Verhoeven JS, Braakman HMH, van der Zwaag B, Harder AVE, Brilstra E, Pendziwiat M, Lebon S, Vaccarezza M, Le NM, Christensen J, Grønborg S, Scherer SW, Howe J, Fazeli W, Howell KB, Leventer R, Stutterd C, Walsh S, Gerard M, Gerard B, Matricardi S, Bonardi CM, Sartori S, Berger A, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Mastrangelo M, Darra F, Vøllo A, Motazacker MM, Lakeman P, Nizon M, Betzler C, Altuzarra C, Caume R, Roubertie A, Gélisse P, Marini C, Guerrini R, Bilan F, Tibussek D, Koch-Hogrebe M, Perry MS, Ichikawa S, Dadali E, Sharkov A, Mishina I, Abramov M, Kanivets I, Korostelev S, Kutsev S, Wain KE, Eisenhauer N, Wagner M, Savatt JM, Müller-Schlüter K, Bassan H, Borovikov A, Nassogne MC, Destrée A, Schoonjans AS, Meuwissen M, Buzatu M, Jansen A, Scalais E, Srivastava S, Tan WH, Olson HE, Loddenkemper T, Poduri A, Helbig KL, Helbig I, Fitzgerald MP, Goldberg EM, Roser T, Borggraefe I, Brünger T, May P, Lal D, Lederer D, Rubboli G, Heyne HO, Lesca G, Hedrich UBS, Benda J, Gardella E, Lerche H, Møller RS. Genotype-phenotype correlations in SCN8A-related disorders reveal prognostic and therapeutic implications. Brain 2022; 145:2991-3009. [PMID: 34431999 PMCID: PMC10147326 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report detailed functional analyses and genotype-phenotype correlations in 392 individuals carrying disease-causing variants in SCN8A, encoding the voltage-gated Na+ channel Nav1.6, with the aim of describing clinical phenotypes related to functional effects. Six different clinical subgroups were identified: Group 1, benign familial infantile epilepsy (n = 15, normal cognition, treatable seizures); Group 2, intermediate epilepsy (n = 33, mild intellectual disability, partially pharmaco-responsive); Group 3, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (n = 177, severe intellectual disability, majority pharmaco-resistant); Group 4, generalized epilepsy (n = 20, mild to moderate intellectual disability, frequently with absence seizures); Group 5, unclassifiable epilepsy (n = 127); and Group 6, neurodevelopmental disorder without epilepsy (n = 20, mild to moderate intellectual disability). Those in Groups 1-3 presented with focal or multifocal seizures (median age of onset: 4 months) and focal epileptiform discharges, whereas the onset of seizures in patients with generalized epilepsy was later (median: 42 months) with generalized epileptiform discharges. We performed functional studies expressing missense variants in ND7/23 neuroblastoma cells and primary neuronal cultures using recombinant tetrodotoxin-insensitive human Nav1.6 channels and whole-cell patch-clamping. Two variants causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy showed a strong gain-of-function (hyperpolarizing shift of steady-state activation, strongly increased neuronal firing rate) and one variant causing benign familial infantile epilepsy or intermediate epilepsy showed a mild gain-of-function (defective fast inactivation, less increased firing). In contrast, all three variants causing generalized epilepsy induced a loss-of-function (reduced current amplitudes, depolarizing shift of steady-state activation, reduced neuronal firing). Functional effects were known for 170 individuals. All 136 individuals carrying a functionally tested gain-of-function variant had either focal (n = 97, Groups 1-3) or unclassifiable (n = 39) epilepsy, whereas 34 individuals with a loss-of-function variant had either generalized (n = 14), no (n = 11) or unclassifiable (n = 6) epilepsy; only three had developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Computational modelling in the gain-of-function group revealed a significant correlation between the severity of the electrophysiological and clinical phenotypes. Gain-of-function variant carriers responded significantly better to sodium channel blockers than to other anti-seizure medications, and the same applied for all individuals in Groups 1-3. In conclusion, our data reveal clear genotype-phenotype correlations between age at seizure onset, type of epilepsy and gain- or loss-of-function effects of SCN8A variants. Generalized epilepsy with absence seizures is the main epilepsy phenotype of loss-of-function variant carriers and the extent of the electrophysiological dysfunction of the gain-of-function variants is a main determinant of the severity of the clinical phenotype in focal epilepsies. Our pharmacological data indicate that sodium channel blockers present a treatment option in SCN8A-related focal epilepsy with onset in the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Koko
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cathrine E Gjerulfsen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Lukas Sonnenberg
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Schubert
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christina D Fenger
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Ahmed Eltokhi
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Maert Rannap
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nils A Koch
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Lauxmann
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Krüger
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josua Kegele
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Department of Diagnostics and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologio Carlo Besta, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Department of Diagnostics and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologio Carlo Besta, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Mayer
- Epilepsy Center Kleinwachau, 01454 Dresden-Radeberg, Germany
| | | | - Pia Zacher
- Epilepsy Center Kleinwachau, 01454 Dresden-Radeberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Ruf
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael Alber
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katalin Sterbova
- Department of Child Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lassuthová
- Department of Child Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vlckova
- Department of Child Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ilona Krey
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Constanze Heine
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Clinic, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40210 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Kroell-Seger
- Children’s Department, Swiss Epilepsy Centre, Clinic Lengg, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Lund
- National Centre for Rare Epilepsy-Related Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, 0001 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics and Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 0A1, Canada
| | - P Y Billie Au
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, AB T6G 2T4, Canada
| | - Jong M Rho
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 0A1, Canada
| | - Alice W Ho
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 0A1, Canada
| | - Silvia Masnada
- Department of Child Neurology, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Veggiotti
- Department of Child Neurology, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20125 Milan, Italy
- ‘L. Sacco’ Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Civilian Hospital, 25100 Brescia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Civilian Hospital, 25100 Brescia, Italy
| | - Christina E Hoei-Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16121 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS ‘G. Gaslini’ Institute, 16121 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Helene Verhelst
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Gent University Hospital, 9042 Gent, Belgium
| | - Judith S Verhoeven
- Academic Center for Epileptology, Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center, 5591 Heeze, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde M H Braakman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Zwaag
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3553 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aster V E Harder
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3553 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3553 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein Campus Kiel, 24106 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lebon
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Woman Mother Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Vaccarezza
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ngoc Minh Le
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
| | - Jakob Christensen
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sabine Grønborg
- Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 66777, Canada
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON 66777, Canada
| | - Jennifer Howe
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Bonn, 53229 Bonn, Germany
| | - Walid Fazeli
- Institute for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cologne, 50667 Cologne, Germany
- Neurology Department, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, 3002 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine B Howell
- Neurology Department, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, 3002 Melbourne, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, 3052 Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Richard Leventer
- Neurology Department, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, 3002 Melbourne, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, 3052 Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Chloe Stutterd
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, 3052 Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Sonja Walsh
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Children’s Hospital, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, 1099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marion Gerard
- Genetics Department, CHU Côte de Nacre, 14118 Caen, France
| | | | - Sara Matricardi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Children’s Hospital G. Salesi, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia M Bonardi
- Department of Woman’s and Child’s Health, Padova University Hospital, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Sartori
- Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Padova University Hospital, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Berger
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Weiden, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG, 92637 Weiden, Germany
| | | | - Massimo Mastrangelo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Vittore Buzzi Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Darra
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37121 Verona, Italy
| | - Arve Vøllo
- Department of Pediatrics, Oestfold Hospital, 1712 Graalum, Norway
| | - M Mahdi Motazacker
- Laboratory of Genome Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1019 Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Phillis Lakeman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1019 Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Cornelia Betzler
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurorehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik, 83569 Vogtareuth, Germany
- Research Institute ‘Rehabilitation, Transition, Palliation’, PMU Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Cecilia Altuzarra
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Jacques Hospital, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Roseline Caume
- Clinique de Génétique Guy Fontaine, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Gélisse
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Carla Marini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50131 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Frederic Bilan
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Daniel Tibussek
- Child Neurology, Center for Pediatric and Teenage Health Care, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | | | - M Scott Perry
- Justin Neurosciences Center, Cook Children’s Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX 76101, USA
| | - Shoji Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA 92637, USA
| | - Elena Dadali
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Sharkov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia
- Genomed Ltd., 100000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Mishina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Abramov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Kanivets
- Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology & Epilepsy, 100000 Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 100000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Korostelev
- Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology & Epilepsy, 100000 Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 100000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Karen E Wain
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Nancy Eisenhauer
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Monisa Wagner
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Juliann M Savatt
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Karen Müller-Schlüter
- Epilepsy Center for Children, University Hospital Neuruppin, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Haim Bassan
- Pediatric Neurology & Development Center, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofe), Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 5296001 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Marie Cecile Nassogne
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Destrée
- Institute for Pathology and Genetics, 6040 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - An Sofie Schoonjans
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Marije Meuwissen
- Pediatric Neurology, Marie Curie Hospital—CHU Charleroi, 6032 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Marga Buzatu
- Pediatric Neurology, Marie Curie Hospital—CHU Charleroi, 6032 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Anna Jansen
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1313 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Siddharth Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Wen Hann Tan
- Department of Genetics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Heather E Olson
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Tobias Loddenkemper
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Annapurna Poduri
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark P Fitzgerald
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ethan M Goldberg
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timo Roser
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Haunersches Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Borggraefe
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Haunersches Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Ludwig-Maximilian- University of Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University Luxembourg, L-4243 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Patrick May
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
| | - Dennis Lal
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University Luxembourg, L-4243 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50667 Cologne, Germany
| | - Damien Lederer
- Institute for Pathology and Genetics, 6040 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Guido Rubboli
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrike O Heyne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 320 Helsinki, Finland
- Program for Medical and Population Genetics/Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Groupement Hospitalier Est and ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), 69001 Lyon, France
- Institut Neuromyogène, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69001 Lyon, France
| | - Ulrike B S Hedrich
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan Benda
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Elena Gardella
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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Fokt H, Unni R, Repnik U, Schmitz RA, Bramkamp M, Baines JF, Unterweger D. Bacteroides muris sp. nov. isolated from the cecum of wild-derived house mice. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:546. [PMID: 35939214 PMCID: PMC9360105 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two bacterial strains, KH365_2T and KH569_7, were isolated from the cecum contents of wild-derived house mice. The strains were characterized as Gram-negative, rod-shaped, strictly anaerobic, and non-motile. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both strains were most closely related to Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492T. Whole genome sequences of KH365_2T and KH569_7 strains have a DNA G + C content of 46.02% and 46.03% mol, respectively. Most morphological and biochemical characteristics did not differ between the newly isolated strains and classified Bacteroides strains. However, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and dDNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values clearly distinguished the two strains from described members of the genus Bacteroides. Here, we present the phylogeny, morphology, and physiology of a novel species of the genus Bacteroides and propose the name Bacteroides muris sp. nov., with KH365_2T (DSM 114231T = CCUG 76277T) as type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Fokt
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Rahul Unni
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Plön, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Urska Repnik
- Central Microscopy Facility, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ruth A Schmitz
- Institute for General Microbiology, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marc Bramkamp
- Central Microscopy Facility, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
- Institute for General Microbiology, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Plön, Germany.
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Daniel Unterweger
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Plön, Germany.
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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22
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Sengewald MA, Mayer A. Causal effect analysis in nonrandomized data with latent variables and categorical indicators: The implementation and benefits of EffectLiteR. Psychol Methods 2022:2022-61034-001. [PMID: 35549317 DOI: 10.1037/met0000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Instead of using manifest proxies for a latent outcome or latent covariates in a causal effect analysis, the R package EffectLiteR facilitates a direct integration of latent variables based on structural equation models (SEM). The corresponding framework considers latent interactions and provides various effect estimates for evaluating the differential effectiveness of treatments. In addition, a user-friendly graphical interface customizes the implementation of the complex models. We aim to enable applications of EffectLiteR in more contexts, and therefore generalize the framework for incorporating latent variables measured with categorical indicators. This refers, for instance, to achievement tests in educational large-scale assessments (LSAs), which are typically constructed in the tradition of item response theory (IRT). We review different modeling strategies for incorporating latent variables from IRT models in an effect analysis (i.e., individual score estimates, plausible values, SEM for categorical indicators). The strategies differ in the handling of measurement error and, thus, have different implications for the accuracy and efficiency of causal effect estimates. We describe our extensions of EffectLiteR based on SEM for categorical indicators and illustrate the model specification step-by-step. In addition, we present a hands-on example, where we apply EffectLiteR in LSA data. The practical benefit of using latent variables in comparison to proficiency scores is of special interest in the application and discussion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Axel Mayer
- Department of Psychological Methods and Evaluation
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23
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Reisinger K, Fieblinger D, Heppenheimer A, Kreutz J, Liebsch M, Luch A, Maul K, Poth A, Strauch P, Dony E, Schulz M, Wolf T, Pirow R. The hen's egg test for micronucleus induction (HET-MN): validation data set. Mutagenesis 2022; 37:61-75. [PMID: 34080017 PMCID: PMC9071061 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical in vitro genotoxicity test battery is known to be sensitive for indicating genotoxicity. However, a high rate of 'misleading positives' was reported when three assays were combined as required by several legislations. Despite the recent optimisations of the standard in vitro tests, two gaps could hardly be addressed with assays based on 2D monolayer cell cultures: the route of exposure and a relevant intrinsic metabolic capacity to transform pro-mutagens into reactive metabolites. Following these considerations, fertilised chicken eggs have been introduced into genotoxicity testing and were combined with a classical read-out parameter, the micronucleus frequency in circulating erythrocytes, to develop the hen's egg test for micronucleus induction (HET-MN). As a major advantage, the test mirrors the systemic availability of compounds after oral exposure by reflecting certain steps of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion (ADME) without being considered as an animal experiment. The assay is supposed to add to a toolbox of assays to follow up on positive findings from initial testing with classical in vitro assays. We here report on a validation exercise, in which >30 chemicals were tested double-blinded in three laboratories. The specificity and sensitivity of the HET-MN were calculated to be 98 and 84%, respectively, corresponding to an overall accuracy of 91%. A detailed protocol, which includes a picture atlas detailing the cell and micronuclei analysis, is published in parallel (Maul et al. Validation of the hen's egg test for micronucleus induction (HET-MN): detailed protocol including scoring atlas, historical control data and statistical analysis).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dagmar Fieblinger
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Manfred Liebsch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Maul
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Albrecht Poth
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | - Pamela Strauch
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | - Eva Dony
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | - Markus Schulz
- ICCR-Roßdorf GmbH (formerly Harlan CCR GmbH), Rossdorf, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Pirow
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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24
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Wang SS, Vajdic CM, Linet MS, Slager SL, Voutsinas J, Nieters A, Casabonne D, Cerhan JR, Cozen W, Alarcón G, Martínez-Maza O, Brown EE, Bracci PM, Turner J, Hjalgrim H, Bhatti P, Zhang Y, Birmann BM, Flowers CR, Paltiel O, Holly EA, Kane E, Weisenburger DD, Maynadié M, Cocco P, Foretova L, Breen EC, Lan Q, Brooks-Wilson A, De Roos AJ, Smith MT, Roman E, Boffetta P, Kricker A, Zheng T, Skibola CF, Clavel J, Monnereau A, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Benavente Y, Hartge P, Smedby KE. B-Cell NHL Subtype Risk Associated with Autoimmune Conditions and PRS. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1103-1110. [PMID: 35244686 PMCID: PMC9081255 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous International Lymphoma Epidemiology (InterLymph) Consortium evaluation of joint associations between five immune gene variants and autoimmune conditions reported interactions between B-cell response-mediated autoimmune conditions and the rs1800629 genotype on risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. Here, we extend that evaluation using NHL subtype-specific polygenic risk scores (PRS) constructed from loci identified in genome-wide association studies of three common B-cell NHL subtypes. METHODS In a pooled analysis of NHL cases and controls of Caucasian descent from 14 participating InterLymph studies, we evaluated joint associations between B-cell-mediated autoimmune conditions and tertile (T) of PRS for risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n = 1,914), follicular lymphoma (n = 1,733), and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL; n = 407), using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS We demonstrated a positive association of DLBCL PRS with DLBCL risk [T2 vs. T1: OR = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.43; T3 vs. T1: OR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.59-2.07; P-trend (Ptrend) < 0.0001]. DLBCL risk also increased with increasing PRS tertile among those with an autoimmune condition, being highest for those with a B-cell-mediated autoimmune condition and a T3 PRS [OR = 6.46 vs. no autoimmune condition and a T1 PRS, Ptrend < 0.0001, P-interaction (Pinteraction) = 0.49]. Follicular lymphoma and MZL risk demonstrated no evidence of joint associations or significant Pinteraction. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PRS constructed from currently known subtype-specific loci may not necessarily capture biological pathways shared with autoimmune conditions. IMPACT Targeted genetic (PRS) screening among population subsets with autoimmune conditions may offer opportunities for identifying those at highest risk for (and early detection from) DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S. Wang
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California
| | - Claire M. Vajdic
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martha S. Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Susan L. Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jenna Voutsinas
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- The Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Delphine Casabonne
- Unit of Infections and Cancer, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program – Epibell, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’ Oncologia/IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - James R. Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Graciela Alarcón
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth E. Brown
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Paige M. Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer Turner
- Department of Histopathology, Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Parveen Bhatti
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control at the National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Brenda M. Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ora Paltiel
- Department of Hematology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elizabeth A. Holly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Eleanor Kane
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marc Maynadié
- Registry of Hematological Malignancies of Cote d'Or, INSERM U1231, Burgundy University and University Hospital, Dijon, France (Maynadie)
| | - Pierluigi Cocco
- Occupational Health Section, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elizabeth Crabb Breen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anneclaire J. De Roos
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Eve Roman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anne Kricker
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), UMR1153, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), UMR1153, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Registre des Hémopathies Malignes de la Gironde, Institut Bergonié, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Team EPICENE, UMR 1219, Paris, France
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Yolanda Benavente
- Unit of Infections and Cancer, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program – Epibell, IDIBELL, Institut Català d’ Oncologia/IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Karin E. Smedby
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Bellingtier JA, Luong G, Wrzus C, Wagner GG, Riediger M. A domain-differentiated approach to everyday emotion regulation from adolescence to older age. Psychol Aging 2022; 37:338-349. [PMID: 35084897 PMCID: PMC9117440 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Flexibly using different emotion-regulation (ER) strategies in different situational contexts, such as domains, has been argued to promote effective emotion regulation. Additionally, emotion regulation processes may change with age as narrowing time horizons shift emotion-regulation preferences. The purpose of the present study was to examine the occurrence and effectiveness of flexible emotion regulation in response to daily hassles from different domains within the age range from adolescence to old age. Participants, ranging from 14 to 88 years old (N = 325), completed an experience-sampling study of approximately 9 days over a 3-week period. At each momentary assessment, participants reported on their hassles, emotion-regulation strategies, and affect. As expected, strategy use varied across individuals and domains. For example, emotion expression and suppression were typical responses to interpersonal hassles, whereas social sharing was often used in response to work/school hassles. In situations wherein hassles included multiple life domains, participants reported the use of more emotion-regulation strategies than for single-domain hassles. Although flexible emotion regulation was evident in participants' responses to hassles, the expectation that it would be associated with lower hassle reactivity was not confirmed. These patterns were, for the most part, consistent across ages. This study contributes new insights into situational characteristics that are associated with emotion-regulation flexibility, showing that hassles domains are important for strategy selection, and that this holds from adolescence to old age. It also suggests that such defined emotion-regulation flexibility is not as strongly linked to emotion-regulation effectiveness as has been previously suggested. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gloria Luong
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University
| | - Cornelia Wrzus
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University
| | - Gert G. Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development and German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) Berlin
| | - Michaela Riediger
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena
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26
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Brierley L, Nanni F, Polka JK, Dey G, Pálfy M, Fraser N, Coates JA. Tracking changes between preprint posting and journal publication during a pandemic. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001285. [PMID: 35104285 PMCID: PMC8806067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amid the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, preprints in the biomedical sciences are being posted and accessed at unprecedented rates, drawing widespread attention from the general public, press, and policymakers for the first time. This phenomenon has sharpened long-standing questions about the reliability of information shared prior to journal peer review. Does the information shared in preprints typically withstand the scrutiny of peer review, or are conclusions likely to change in the version of record? We assessed preprints from bioRxiv and medRxiv that had been posted and subsequently published in a journal through April 30, 2020, representing the initial phase of the pandemic response. We utilised a combination of automatic and manual annotations to quantify how an article changed between the preprinted and published version. We found that the total number of figure panels and tables changed little between preprint and published articles. Moreover, the conclusions of 7.2% of non-COVID-19-related and 17.2% of COVID-19-related abstracts undergo a discrete change by the time of publication, but the majority of these changes do not qualitatively change the conclusions of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Brierley
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Gautam Dey
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Máté Pálfy
- The Company of Biologists, Histon, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jonathon Alexis Coates
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Kehl M, Brew-Sam N, Strobl H, Tittlbach S, Loss J. Evaluation of community readiness for change prior to a participatory physical activity intervention in Germany. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:ii40-ii52. [PMID: 34905609 PMCID: PMC8670622 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A lack of communities' readiness for change is reported as a major barrier toward an effective implementation of health promoting interventions in community settings. Adding an alternative readiness assessment approach to existing research practice, this study aimed to investigate how a selected community could be evaluated in-depth regarding its readiness for change based on multiple key informant perspectives, with the intention of using this knowledge for the preparation of improved local physical activity (PA) interventions for men above 50 years of age. We conducted semi-structured face-to-face key informant interviews with stakeholders and relevant persons from a local German community (N = 15). The interview guide was based on a comprehensive summary of community readiness dimensions. After verbatim transcription, we conducted thematic analysis to synthesize the complex results regarding community readiness related to PA. The data supported that the community disposed of a variety of resources regarding PA and showed signs of readiness for change. However, a certain degree of saturation regarding PA programs existed. The need for health enhancing PA interventions for men was only partly recognized. The local authority considered PA to be particularly important in the context of mobility and traffic safety. Including multiple stakeholders contributed to a balanced and in-depth assessment of community readiness and was helpful for determining starting points for tailored PA interventions due to the detection of complex relationships and structures. The study delivers preliminary evidence that a qualitative multi-perspective community readiness assessment adds value to quantified single-perspective readiness assessment research practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kehl
- Medical Sociology, University of Regensburg, Dr.-Gessler-Straße 17, Regensburg 93051, Germany
| | - N Brew-Sam
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Australia
| | - H Strobl
- Social and Health Sciences in Sport, Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany
| | - S Tittlbach
- Social and Health Sciences in Sport, Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany
| | - J Loss
- Robert Koch Institute Deparment of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Berlin, Germany
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28
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Stolz L, Homann G, Winter M, Kasnatscheew J. Area Oversizing of Lithium Metal Electrodes in Solid-State Batteries: Relevance for Overvoltage and thus Performance? ChemSusChem 2021; 14:2163-2169. [PMID: 33756054 PMCID: PMC8251826 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Systematic and systemic research and development of solid electrolytes for lithium batteries requires a reliable and reproducible benchmark cell system. Therefore, factors relevant for performance, such as temperature, voltage operation range, or specific current, should be defined and reported. However, performance can also be sensitive to apparently inconspicuous and overlooked factors, such as area oversizing of the lithium electrode and the solid electrolyte membrane (relative to the cathode area). In this study, area oversizing is found to diminish polarization and improves the performance in LiNi0.6 Mn0.2 Co0.2 O2 (NMC622)||Li cells, with a more pronounced effect under kinetically harsh conditions (e. g., low temperature and/or high current density). For validity reasons, the polarization behavior is also investigated in Li||Li symmetric cells. Given the mathematical conformity of the characteristic overvoltage behavior with the Sand's equation, the beneficial effect is attributed to lower depletion of Li ions at the electrode/electrolyte interface. In this regard, the highest possible effect of area oversizing on the performance is discussed, that is when the accompanied decrease in current density and overvoltage overcomes the Sand's threshold limit. This scenario entirely prevents the capacity decay attributable to Li+ depletion and is in line with the mathematically predicted values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Stolz
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Gerrit Homann
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Martin Winter
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
- MEET Battery Research CenterInstitute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of MünsterCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
| | - Johannes Kasnatscheew
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHCorrensstraße 4648149MünsterGermany
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29
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Vukelić M, Lingelbach K, Pollmann K, Peissner M. Oscillatory EEG Signatures of Affective Processes during Interaction with Adaptive Computer Systems. Brain Sci 2020; 11:35. [PMID: 33396330 PMCID: PMC7824422 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Affect monitoring is being discussed as a novel strategy to make adaptive systems more user-oriented. Basic knowledge about oscillatory processes and functional connectivity underlying affect during naturalistic human-computer interactions (HCI) is, however, scarce. This study assessed local oscillatory power entrainment and distributed functional connectivity in a close-to-naturalistic HCI-paradigm. Sixteen participants interacted with a simulated assistance system which deliberately evoked positive (supporting goal-achievement) and negative (impeding goal-achievement) affective reactions. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to examine the reactivity of the cortical system during the interaction by studying both event-related (de-)synchronization (ERD/ERS) and event-related functional coupling of cortical networks towards system-initiated assistance. Significantly higher α-band and β-band ERD in centro-parietal and parieto-occipital regions and β-band ERD in bi-lateral fronto-central regions were observed during impeding system behavior. Supportive system behavior activated significantly higher γ-band ERS in bi-hemispheric parietal-occipital regions. This was accompanied by functional coupling of remote β-band and γ-band activity in the medial frontal, left fronto-central and parietal regions, respectively. Our findings identify oscillatory signatures of positive and negative affective processes as reactions to system-initiated assistance. The findings contribute to the development of EEG-based neuroadaptive assistance loops by suggesting a non-obtrusive method for monitoring affect in HCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Vukelić
- Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (K.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Katharina Lingelbach
- Institute of Human Factors and Technology Management IAT, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Department of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Pollmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (K.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Matthias Peissner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (K.P.); (M.P.)
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30
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Lopes AFC, Bozek K, Herholz M, Trifunovic A, Rieckher M, Schumacher B. A C. elegans model for neurodegeneration in Cockayne syndrome. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:10973-10985. [PMID: 33021672 PMCID: PMC7641758 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a congenital syndrome characterized by growth and mental retardation, and premature ageing. The complexity of CS and mammalian models warrants simpler metazoan models that display CS-like phenotypes that could be studied in the context of a live organism. Here, we provide a characterization of neuronal and mitochondrial aberrations caused by a mutation in the csb-1 gene in Caenorhabditis elegans. We report a progressive neurodegeneration in adult animals that is enhanced upon UV-induced DNA damage. The csb-1 mutants show dysfunctional hyperfused mitochondria that degrade upon DNA damage, resulting in diminished respiratory activity. Our data support the role of endogenous DNA damage as a driving factor of CS-related neuropathology and underline the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda F C Lopes
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Bozek
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marija Herholz
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Rieckher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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31
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Müller LM, Mombaerts L, Pankin A, Davis SJ, Webb AAR, Goncalves J, von Korff M. Differential Effects of Day/Night Cues and the Circadian Clock on the Barley Transcriptome. Plant Physiol 2020; 183:765-779. [PMID: 32229608 PMCID: PMC7271788 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock is a complex transcriptional network that regulates gene expression in anticipation of the day/night cycle and controls agronomic traits in plants. However, in crops, how the internal clock and day/night cues affect the transcriptome remains poorly understood. We analyzed the diel and circadian leaf transcriptomes in the barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivar 'Bowman' and derived introgression lines harboring mutations in EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3), LUX ARRHYTHMO1 (LUX1), and EARLY MATURITY7 (EAM7). The elf3 and lux1 mutants exhibited abolished circadian transcriptome oscillations under constant conditions, whereas eam7 maintained oscillations of ≈30% of the circadian transcriptome. However, day/night cues fully restored transcript oscillations in all three mutants and thus compensated for a disrupted oscillator in the arrhythmic barley clock mutants elf3 and lux1 Nevertheless, elf3, but not lux1, affected the phase of the diel oscillating transcriptome and thus the integration of external cues into the clock. Using dynamical modeling, we predicted a structure of the barley circadian oscillator and interactions of its individual components with day/night cues. Our findings provide a valuable resource for exploring the function and output targets of the circadian clock and for further investigations into the diel and circadian control of the barley transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas M Müller
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
| | | | - Artem Pankin
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, "SMART Plants for Tomorrow's Needs," Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Seth J Davis
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
- Department of Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 15 475004, China
| | - Alex A R Webb
- Circadian Signal Transduction, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Goncalves
- Systems Control Group, University of Luxembourg, 1009 Luxembourg
| | - Maria von Korff
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, "SMART Plants for Tomorrow's Needs," Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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Abstract
Some research suggests that compared with younger adults, older adults have more homogeneous, less diverse daily life experiences because everyday situations and activities become increasingly stable and routine. However, strong empirical tests of this assumption are scarce. In two complementary studies, we examined whether older age is associated with less diversity in daily life experiences (e.g., regarding social interaction partners, activities, and places across and within days) and, if so, to what extent health limitations account for these age differences. In Study 1, we used daily diaries to investigate diversity across days among younger (N = 246; Mage = 21.8 years, SD = 2.5) and older adults (N = 119; Mage = 67.7 years, SD = 5.3). In Study 2, we investigated diversity within days employing experience sampling methods over three weeks in an adult life span sample (N = 365; range = 14-88 years). Results showed that across and within days, the daily lives of older adults were less diverse regarding their social interaction partners. Yet, older adults reported more diversity in activities within days and across days in the afternoons, whereas younger adults reported less diverse activities partly due to working or studying more often. Age differences remained statistically significant when controlling for health limitations. We conclude that age differences in the diversity of daily life are nuanced, depending on the domain and the level of analysis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Weber
- Psychological Institute, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
| | - Martin Quintus
- Psychological Institute, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
| | - Boris Egloff
- Psychological Institute, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
| | - Gloria Luong
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University
| | | | - Cornelia Wrzus
- Psychological Institute, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
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Bloom K, Kaldine H, Cathomen T, Mussolino C, Ely A, Arbuthnot P. Inhibition of replication of hepatitis B virus using transcriptional repressors that target the viral DNA. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:802. [PMID: 31510934 PMCID: PMC6739920 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a serious global health problem. Persistence of the virus occurs as a result of stability of the replication intermediate comprising covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Development of drugs that are capable of disabling this cccDNA is vital. METHODS To investigate an epigenetic approach to inactivating viral DNA, we engineered transcriptional repressors that comprise an HBV DNA-binding domain of transcription activator like effectors (TALEs) and a fused Krüppel Associated Box (KRAB). These repressor TALEs (rTALEs) targeted the viral surface open reading frame and were placed under transcription control of constitutively active or liver-specific promoters. RESULTS Evaluation in cultured cells and following hydrodynamic injection of mice revealed that the rTALEs significantly inhibited production of markers of HBV replication without evidence of hepatotoxicity. Increased methylation of HBV DNA at CpG island II showed that the rTALEs caused intended epigenetic modification. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic modification of HBV DNA is a new and effective means of inactivating the virus in vivo. The approach has therapeutic potential and avoids potentially problematic unintended mutagenesis of gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie Bloom
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Haajira Kaldine
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudio Mussolino
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Abdullah Ely
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Patrick Arbuthnot
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.
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34
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González-González AI, Schmucker C, Blom J, van den Akker M, Nguyen TS, Nothacker J, Meerpohl JJ, Röttger K, Wegwarth O, Hoffmann T, Straus SE, Gerlach FM, Muth C. Health-related preferences of older patients with multimorbidity: the protocol for an evidence map. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029724. [PMID: 31481558 PMCID: PMC6731896 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interaction of conditions and treatments, complicated care needs and substantial treatment burden make patient-physician encounters involving multimorbid older patients highly complex. To optimally integrate patients' preferences, define and prioritise realistic treatment goals and individualise care, a patient-centred approach is recommended. However, the preferences of older patients, who are especially vulnerable and frequently multimorbid, have not been systematically investigated with regard to their health status. The purpose of this evidence map is to explore current research addressing health-related preferences of older patients with multimorbidity, and to identify the knowledge clusters and research gaps. METHODS AND ANALYSIS To identify relevant research, we will conduct searches in the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, CINAHL, Social Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index Expanded and the Cochrane library from their inception. We will check reference lists of relevant articles and carry out cited reference research (forward citation tracking). Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, check full texts for eligibility and extract the data. Any disagreement will be resolved and consensus reached with the help of a third reviewer. We will include both qualitative and quantitative studies, and address preferences from the patients' perspectives in a multimorbid population of 60 years or older. There will be no restrictions on the publication language. Data extraction tables will present study and patient characteristics, aim of study, methods used to identify preferences and outcomes (ie, type of preferences). We will summarise the data using tables and figures (ie, bubble plot) to present the research landscape and to describe clusters and gaps. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Due to the nature of the proposed evidence map, ethics approval will not be required. Results from our research will be disseminated by means of specifically prepared materials for patients, at relevant (inter)national conferences and via publication in peer-reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel González-González
- Institute of General Practice, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Christine Schmucker
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine (for Cochrane Germany Foundation), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jeanet Blom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van den Akker
- Institute of General Practice, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Truc Sophia Nguyen
- Institute of General Practice, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Nothacker
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine (for Cochrane Germany Foundation), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joerg J Meerpohl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine (for Cochrane Germany Foundation), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kristian Röttger
- Patient Representative, Federal Joint Committee "Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss", Berlin, Germany
| | - Odette Wegwarth
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tammy Hoffmann
- Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sharon E Straus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ferdinand M Gerlach
- Institute of General Practice, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christiane Muth
- Institute of General Practice, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Schweizer M, Dieterich A, Corral Morillas N, Dewald C, Miksch L, Nelson S, Wick A, Triebskorn R, Köhler HR. The importance of sediments in ecological quality assessment of stream headwaters: embryotoxicity along the Nidda River and its tributaries in Central Hesse, Germany. Environ Sci Eur 2018; 30:22. [PMID: 29951349 PMCID: PMC6010504 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-018-0150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the crucial importance of sediments in aquatic systems is well-known, sediments are often neglected as a factor in the evaluation of water quality assessment. To support and extend previous work in that field, this study was conducted to assess the impact of surface water and sediment on fish embryos in the case of a highly anthropogenically influenced river catchment in Central Hesse, Germany. RESULTS The results of 96 h post fertilisation fish embryo toxicity test with Danio rerio (according to OECD Guideline 236) revealed that river samples comprising both water and sediment exert pivotal effects in embryos, whereas surface water alone did not. The most prominent reactions were developmental delays and, to some extent, malformations of embryos. Developmental delays occurred at rates up to 100% in single runs. Malformation rates ranged mainly below 10% and never exceeded 25%. CONCLUSION A clear relationship between anthropogenic point sources and detected effects could not be established. However, the study illustrates the critical condition of the entire river system with respect to embryotoxic potentials present even at the most upstream test sites. In addition, the study stresses the necessity to take into account sediments for the evaluation of ecosystem health in industrialised areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Schweizer
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Dieterich
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Núria Corral Morillas
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Dewald
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Miksch
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Nelson
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arne Wick
- The German Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Rita Triebskorn
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Steinbeis Transfer-Center for Ecotoxicology and Ecophysiology, Blumenstr. 13, 72108 Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
| | - Heinz-R. Köhler
- Animal Physiological Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf Der Morgenstelle 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Wagner S, Helmreich I, Wollschläger D, Meyer K, Kaaden S, Reiff J, Roll SC, Braus D, Tüscher O, Müller-Dahlhaus F, Tadić A, Lieb K. Early improvement of executive test performance during antidepressant treatment predicts treatment outcome in patients with Major Depressive Disorder. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194574. [PMID: 29668746 PMCID: PMC5905973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive dysfunctions frequently occur in patients with Major Depressive Disorder and have been shown to improve during effective antidepressant treatment. However, the time course of improvement and its relationship to treatment outcome is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the test performance and clinical outcome by repetitive assessments of executive test procedures during antidepressant treatment. Executive test performance was assessed in 209 –patients with Major Depressive Disorder (mean age 39.3 ± 11.4 years) and 84 healthy controls five times in biweekly intervals from baseline to week 8. Patients were treated by a defined treatment algorithm within the early medication change study (EMC trial; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00974155), controls did not receive any intervention. Cognitive domains were processing speed, cognitive flexibility, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency. Intelligence was assessed at baseline. Depression severity was tested once a week by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD17). 130 patients (62%) showed executive dysfunctions in at least one of four tests at baseline. Linear mixed regression models revealed that the course of depression severity was associated to the course of cognitive flexibility (p = 0.004) and semantic verbal fluency (p = 0.020). Cognitive flexibility and semantic verbal fluency may be candidates easily to apply for therapy response prediction in clinical routine, which should be tested in further prospective studies. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00974155 EudraCT: 2008-008280-96
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail: (SW); (KL)
| | - Isabella Helmreich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Wollschläger
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Kaaden
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Dr. Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Julia Reiff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Dr. Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Sibylle C. Roll
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vitos Rheingau, Eltville, Germany
| | - Dieter Braus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Dr. Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - André Tadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail: (SW); (KL)
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Wegwarth O, Wagner GG, Gigerenzer G. Can facts trump unconditional trust? Evidence-based information halves the influence of physicians' non-evidence-based cancer screening recommendations. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183024. [PMID: 28832633 PMCID: PMC5568103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Informed decision making in medicine, defined as basing one’s decision on the best current medical evidence, requires both informed physicians and informed patients. In cancer screening, however, studies document that these prerequisites are not yet met. Many physicians do not know or understand the medical evidence behind screening tests, do not adequately counsel (asymptomatic) people on screening, and make recommendations that conflict with existing guidelines on informed choice. Consistent with this situation, nation-wide studies showed that the general public misperceives the contribution of cancer screening but that understanding considerably improves when evidence-based information is provided. However, can evidence-based patient information about cancer screening make people also less likely to simply follow a physician’s non-evidence-based advice? A national sample of 897 German citizens, surveyed in face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews, received either evidence-based (e.g., absolute risks on benefits and harms; n = 451) or non-evidence-based (e.g., relative risks on benefits only; n = 446) patient information about a cancer screening test and were then asked to make their initial cancer screening choice. Thereafter, participants received a hypothetical physician’s recommendation, which was non-evidence-based in terms of existing guidelines on informed decision making (i.e., reporting either benefits or harms but not both; no provision of numbers). When provided with non-evidence-based patient information (n = 446), a mean of 33.1% of 235 participants whose initial screening choice contradicted the hypothetical physician's non-evidence-based recommendation adjusted their choice in deference to that recommendation (95% CI: 27.4 to 39.4%), whereas with evidence-based patient information (n = 451), only half as many, a mean of 16.0% of 225 (95% CI: 11.8 to 21.4%), modified their choice. Thus, evidence-based patient information makes people less likely to simply follow non-evidence-based recommendations of physicians and supports people in making evidence-based decisions even when not adequately counseled on cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odette Wegwarth
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Harding Center for Risk Literacy, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Gert G. Wagner
- German Institute for Economic Research and Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Gigerenzer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Harding Center for Risk Literacy, Berlin, Germany
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Försti A, Kumar A, Paramasivam N, Schlesner M, Catalano C, Dymerska D, Lubinski J, Eils R, Hemminki K. Pedigree based DNA sequencing pipeline for germline genomes of cancer families. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2016; 14:16. [PMID: 27508007 PMCID: PMC4977614 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-016-0058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the course of our whole-genome sequencing efforts, we have developed a pipeline for analyzing germline genomes from Mendelian types of cancer pedigrees (familial cancer variant prioritization pipeline, FCVPP). RESULTS The variant calling step distinguishes two types of genomic variants: single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and indels, which undergo technical quality control. Mendelian types of variants are assumed to be rare and variants with frequencies higher that 0.1 % are screened out using human 1000 Genomes (Phase 3) and non-TCGA ExAC population data. Segregation in the pedigree allows variants to be present in affected family members and not in old, unaffected ones. The effectiveness of variant segregation depends on the number and relatedness of the family members: if over 5 third-degree (or more distant) relatives are available, the experience has shown that the number of likely variants is reduced from many hundreds to a few tens. These are then subjected to bioinformatics analysis, starting with the combined annotation dependent depletion (CADD) tool, which predicts the likelihood of the variant being deleterious. Different sets of individual tools are used for further evaluation of the deleteriousness of coding variants, 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), and intergenic variants. CONLUSIONS The likelihood of success of the present genomic pipeline in finding novel high- or medium-penetrant genes depends on many steps but first and foremost, the pedigree needs to be reasonably large and the assignments and diagnoses among the members need to be correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Calogerina Catalano
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dagmara Dymerska
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Roland Eils
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB) and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Abstract
Recent studies in the marketing literature developed a new method for eliciting willingness to pay (WTP) with an open-ended elicitation format: the Range-WTP method. In contrast to the traditional approach of eliciting WTP as a single value (Point-WTP), Range-WTP explicitly allows for preference uncertainty in responses. The aim of this paper is to apply Range-WTP to the domain of contingent valuation and to test for its theoretical validity and robustness in comparison to the Point-WTP. Using data from two novel large-scale surveys on the perception of solar radiation management (SRM), a little-known technique for counteracting climate change, we compare the performance of both methods in the field. In addition to the theoretical validity (i.e. the degree to which WTP values are consistent with theoretical expectations), we analyse the test-retest reliability and stability of our results over time. Our evidence suggests that the Range-WTP method clearly outperforms the Point-WTP method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Braun
- Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katrin Rehdanz
- Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Economics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schmidt
- Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Economics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Economics and Econometrics, Universiy of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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