1
|
Stefanski A, Pérez-Palma E, Brünger T, Montanucci L, Gati C, Klöckner C, Johannesen KM, Goodspeed K, Macnee M, Deng AT, Aledo-Serrano Á, Borovikov A, Kava M, Bouman AM, Hajianpour MJ, Pal DK, Engelen M, Hagebeuk EEO, Shinawi M, Heidlebaugh AR, Oetjens K, Hoffman TL, Striano P, Freed AS, Futtrup L, Balslev T, Abulí A, Danvoye L, Lederer D, Balci T, Nouri MN, Butler E, Drewes S, van Engelen K, Howell KB, Khoury J, May P, Trinidad M, Froelich S, Lemke JR, Tiller J, Freed AN, Kang JQ, Wuster A, Møller RS, Lal D. SLC6A1 variant pathogenicity, molecular function and phenotype: a genetic and clinical analysis. Brain 2023; 146:5198-5208. [PMID: 37647852 PMCID: PMC10689929 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in the SLC6A1 gene can cause a broad phenotypic disease spectrum by altering the protein function. Thus, systematically curated clinically relevant genotype-phenotype associations are needed to understand the disease mechanism and improve therapeutic decision-making. We aggregated genetic and clinical data from 172 individuals with likely pathogenic/pathogenic (lp/p) SLC6A1 variants and functional data for 184 variants (14.1% lp/p). Clinical and functional data were available for a subset of 126 individuals. We explored the potential associations of variant positions on the GAT1 3D structure with variant pathogenicity, altered molecular function and phenotype severity using bioinformatic approaches. The GAT1 transmembrane domains 1, 6 and extracellular loop 4 (EL4) were enriched for patient over population variants. Across functionally tested missense variants (n = 156), the spatial proximity from the ligand was associated with loss-of-function in the GAT1 transporter activity. For variants with complete loss of in vitro GABA uptake, we found a 4.6-fold enrichment in patients having severe disease versus non-severe disease (P = 2.9 × 10-3, 95% confidence interval: 1.5-15.3). In summary, we delineated associations between the 3D structure and variant pathogenicity, variant function and phenotype in SLC6A1-related disorders. This knowledge supports biology-informed variant interpretation and research on GAT1 function. All our data can be interactively explored in the SLC6A1 portal (https://slc6a1-portal.broadinstitute.org/).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Stefanski
- Genomic Medicine Institute and Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Palma
- Universidad del Desarrollo, Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Santiago de Chile 7610658, Chile
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- Genomic Medicine Institute and Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Cornelius Gati
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chiara Klöckner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund 4293, Denmark
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshispitalet, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Kimberly Goodspeed
- Children’s Health, Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Marie Macnee
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Alexander T Deng
- Clinical Genetics, Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, London SE19RT, UK
| | - Ángel Aledo-Serrano
- Epilepsy Program, Neurology Department, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Artem Borovikov
- Research and Counseling Department, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Maina Kava
- Department of Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Perth Children’s Hospital, Perth 6009, Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Arjan M Bouman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - M J Hajianpour
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Albany Medical College, Albany Med Health System, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Deb K Pal
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE58AF, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, King’s College Hospital, London SE59RS, UK
| | - Marc Engelen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081HV, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline E O Hagebeuk
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede and Zwolle 2103SW, The Netherlands
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, St.Louis Children’s Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Kathryn Oetjens
- Autism and Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17837, USA
| | - Trevor L Hoffman
- Department of Regional Genetics, Anaheim, Southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, CA 92806, USA
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa 16147, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Amanda S Freed
- Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Line Futtrup
- Department of Paediatrics, Regional Hospital of Central Jutland, Viborg 8800, Denmark
| | - Thomas Balslev
- Department of Paediatrics, Regional Hospital of Central Jutland, Viborg 8800, Denmark
- Centre for Educational Development, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Anna Abulí
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics and Medicine Genetics Group, VHIR, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Leslie Danvoye
- Department of Neurology, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre for Human Genetics, Institute for Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - Tugce Balci
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Western University, London, ON N6A3K7, Canada
- Medical Genetics Program of Southwestern Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre and Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A5A5, Canada
| | - Maryam Nabavi Nouri
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A5W9, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Drewes
- Department of Medical Genetics, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Kalene van Engelen
- Medical Genetics Program of Southwestern Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A5W9, Canada
| | - Katherine B Howell
- Department of Neurology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jean Khoury
- Genomic Medicine Institute and Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Patrick May
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette 4362, Luxembourg
| | - Marena Trinidad
- Translational Genomics, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, CA 94949, USA
| | - Steven Froelich
- Translational Genomics, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, CA 94949, USA
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig 04103, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | | | | | - Jing-Qiong Kang
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center of Human Development, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Arthur Wuster
- Translational Genomics, BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, CA 94949, USA
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund 4293, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Dennis Lal
- Genomic Medicine Institute and Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Stanley Center of Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee S, Ochoa E, Badura-Stronka M, Donnelly D, Lederer D, Lynch SA, Gardham A, Morton J, Stewart H, Docquier F, Rodger F, Martin E, Toribio A, Maher ER, Balasubramanian M. Germline pathogenic variants in HNRNPU are associated with alterations in blood methylome. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1040-1047. [PMID: 37407733 PMCID: PMC10474128 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HNRNPU encodes a multifunctional RNA-binding protein that plays critical roles in regulating pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA stability, and translation. Aberrant expression and dysregulation of HNRNPU have been implicated in various human diseases, including cancers and neurological disorders. We applied a next generation sequencing based assay (EPIC-NGS) to investigate genome-wide methylation profiling for >2 M CpGs for 7 individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with HNRNPU germline pathogenic loss-of-function variants. Compared to healthy individuals, 227 HNRNPU-associated differentially methylated positions were detected. Both hyper- and hypomethylation alterations were identified but the former predominated. The identification of a methylation episignature for HNRNPU-associated neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) implicates HNPRNPU-related chromatin alterations in the aetiopathogenesis of this disorder and suggests that episignature profiling should have clinical utility as a predictor for the pathogenicity of HNRNPU variants of uncertain significance. The detection of a methylation episignaure for HNRNPU-associated NDD is consistent with a recent report of a methylation episignature for HNRNPK-associated NDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Eguzkine Ochoa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Deirdre Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust/City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - Sally A Lynch
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Alice Gardham
- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust Genetics Service, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jenny Morton
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen Stewart
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - France Docquier
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fay Rodger
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ezequiel Martin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Toribio
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Meena Balasubramanian
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Engel C, Valence S, Delplancq G, Maroofian R, Accogli A, Agolini E, Alkuraya FS, Baglioni V, Bagnasco I, Becmeur-Lefebvre M, Bertini E, Borggraefe I, Brischoux-Boucher E, Bruel AL, Brusco A, Bubshait DK, Cabrol C, Cilio MR, Cornet MC, Coubes C, Danhaive O, Delague V, Denommé-Pichon AS, Di Giacomo MC, Doco-Fenzy M, Engels H, Cremer K, Gérard M, Gleeson JG, Heron D, Goffeney J, Guimier A, Harms FL, Houlden H, Iacomino M, Kaiyrzhanov R, Kamien B, Karimiani EG, Kraus D, Kuentz P, Kutsche K, Lederer D, Massingham L, Mignot C, Morris-Rosendahl D, Nagarajan L, Odent S, Ormières C, Partlow JN, Pasquier L, Penney L, Philippe C, Piccolo G, Poulton C, Putoux A, Rio M, Rougeot C, Salpietro V, Scheffer I, Schneider A, Srivastava S, Straussberg R, Striano P, Valente EM, Venot P, Villard L, Vitobello A, Wagner J, Wagner M, Zaki MS, Zara F, Lesca G, Yassaee VR, Miryounesi M, Hashemi-Gorji F, Beiraghi M, Ashrafzadeh F, Galehdari H, Walsh C, Novelli A, Tacke M, Sadykova D, Maidyrov Y, Koneev K, Shashkin C, Capra V, Zamani M, Van Maldergem L, Burglen L, Piard J. BRAT1-related disorders: phenotypic spectrum and phenotype-genotype correlations from 97 patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1023-1031. [PMID: 37344571 PMCID: PMC10474045 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BRAT1 biallelic variants are associated with rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome, lethal neonatal (RMFSL), and neurodevelopmental disorder associating cerebellar atrophy with or without seizures syndrome (NEDCAS). To date, forty individuals have been reported in the literature. We collected clinical and molecular data from 57 additional cases allowing us to study a large cohort of 97 individuals and draw phenotype-genotype correlations. Fifty-nine individuals presented with BRAT1-related RMFSL phenotype. Most of them had no psychomotor acquisition (100%), epilepsy (100%), microcephaly (91%), limb rigidity (93%), and died prematurely (93%). Thirty-eight individuals presented a non-lethal phenotype of BRAT1-related NEDCAS phenotype. Seventy-six percent of the patients in this group were able to walk and 68% were able to say at least a few words. Most of them had cerebellar ataxia (82%), axial hypotonia (79%) and cerebellar atrophy (100%). Genotype-phenotype correlations in our cohort revealed that biallelic nonsense, frameshift or inframe deletion/insertion variants result in the severe BRAT1-related RMFSL phenotype (46/46; 100%). In contrast, genotypes with at least one missense were more likely associated with NEDCAS (28/34; 82%). The phenotype of patients carrying splice variants was variable: 41% presented with RMFSL (7/17) and 59% with NEDCAS (10/17).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Engel
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Stéphanie Valence
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, APHP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Geoffroy Delplancq
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentina Baglioni
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Institute of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bagnasco
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Epilepsy Center for Children, Martini Hospital, 10141, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ingo Borggraefe
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, University of Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Elise Brischoux-Boucher
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Dalal K Bubshait
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christelle Cabrol
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Maria Roberta Cilio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology Saint-Luc University Hospital, and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Coralie Cornet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine Coubes
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Danhaive
- Division of Neonatology, Saint-Luc university Hospital, and Institut of Clinical and Experimental Research (IREC), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Valérie Delague
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics Center, MMG, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Marilena Carmela Di Giacomo
- Medical Genetics Service and Laboratory of Cytogenetics, SIC Anatomia Patologica, "San Carlo" Hospital, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- CHU Reims, Service de Génétique, Reims, France
- CHU de Nantes, service de génétique médicale, Nantes, France
- L'institut du thorax, INSERM, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Hartmut Engels
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kirsten Cremer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marion Gérard
- Clinical Genetics, Côte de Nacre University Hospital Center, Caen, France
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- University of California San Diego, Department of Neurosciences, Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Delphine Heron
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Joanna Goffeney
- Service de neuropédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Anne Guimier
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine et Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frederike L Harms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michele Iacomino
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Instituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Rauan Kaiyrzhanov
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Kamien
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Next Generation Genetic Polyclinic, Mashhad, Iran
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Dror Kraus
- Department of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Paul Kuentz
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Oncobiologie Génétique Bioinformatique, PCBio, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Kerstin Kutsche
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Damien Lederer
- Institute for Pathology and Genetics, 6040, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Lauren Massingham
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Cyril Mignot
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière/Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Déborah Morris-Rosendahl
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lakshmi Nagarajan
- Department of Neurology, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares" (CRDI), Centre Référence Anomalies du développement (CLAD-Ouest), CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Clothilde Ormières
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine et Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Neil Partlow
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares" (CRDI), Centre Référence Anomalies du développement (CLAD-Ouest), CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Lynette Penney
- Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Christophe Philippe
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | | | - Cathryn Poulton
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Audrey Putoux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Bron, France
- Équipe GENDEV, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marlène Rio
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine et Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Ingrid Scheffer
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Florey Institute and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy Schneider
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Rachel Straussberg
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Pasquale Striano
- IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Perrine Venot
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Institut Alix de Champagne, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Villard
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics Center, MMG, Marseille, France
- Département de Génétique Médicale, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Johanna Wagner
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, University of Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Matias Wagner
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, University of Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Federizo Zara
- IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Génétique, Bron, France
- Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle (PGNM, UCBL - CNRS UMR5261 - INSERM U1315), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Vahid Reza Yassaee
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miryounesi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hashemi-Gorji
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Beiraghi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farah Ashrafzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Galehdari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Christopher Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Moritz Tacke
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, University of Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yerdan Maidyrov
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University Almaty, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Kairgali Koneev
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Chingiz Shashkin
- Department of Neurology, The International Institute of Postraduate Education, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Valeria Capra
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Instituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Mina Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Lionel Van Maldergem
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Centre de Référence des Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Piard
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Musto E, Liao VWY, Johannesen KM, Fenger CD, Lederer D, Kothur K, Fisk K, Bennetts B, Vrielynck P, Delaby D, Ceulemans B, Weckhuysen S, Sparber P, Bouman A, Ardern-Holmes S, Troedson C, Battaglia DI, Goel H, Feyma T, Bakhtiari S, Tjoa L, Boxill M, Demina N, Shchagina O, Dadali E, Kruer M, Cantalupo G, Contaldo I, Polster T, Isidor B, Bova SM, Fazeli W, Wouters L, Miranda MJ, Darra F, Pede E, Le Duc D, Jamra RA, Küry S, Proietti J, McSweeney N, Brokamp E, Andrews PI, Gouray Garcia M, Chebib M, Møller RS, Ahring PK, Gardella E. GABRA1-Related Disorders: From Genetic to Functional Pathways. Ann Neurol 2023; 95:27-41. [PMID: 37606373 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Variants in GABRA1 have been associated with a broad epilepsy spectrum, ranging from genetic generalized epilepsies to developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. However, our understanding of what determines the phenotype severity and best treatment options remains inadequate. We therefore aimed to analyze the electroclinical features and the functional effects of GABRA1 variants to establish genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS Genetic and electroclinical data of 27 individuals (22 unrelated and 2 families) harboring 20 different GABRA1 variants were collected and accompanied by functional analysis of 19 variants. RESULTS Individuals in this cohort could be assigned into different clinical subgroups based on the functional effect of their variant and its structural position within the GABRA1 subunit. A homogenous phenotype with mild cognitive impairment and infantile onset epilepsy (focal seizures, fever sensitivity, and electroencephalographic posterior epileptiform discharges) was described for variants in the extracellular domain and the small transmembrane loops. These variants displayed loss-of-function (LoF) effects, and the patients generally had a favorable outcome. A more severe phenotype was associated with variants in the pore-forming transmembrane helices. These variants displayed either gain-of-function (GoF) or LoF effects. GoF variants were associated with severe early onset neurodevelopmental disorders, including early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. INTERPRETATION Our data expand the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of GABRA1 epilepsies and permit delineation of specific subphenotypes for LoF and GoF variants, through the heterogeneity of phenotypes and variants. Generally, variants in the transmembrane helices cause more severe phenotypes, in particular GoF variants. These findings establish the basis for a better understanding of the pathomechanism and a precision medicine approach in GABRA1-related disorders. Further studies in larger populations are needed to provide a conclusive genotype-phenotype correlation. ANN NEUROL 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Musto
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Pediatric Neurology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Child Health Area, Catholic University UCSC, Rome, Italy
- Epilepsy and Movement Disorder Neurology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vivian W Y Liao
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina D Fenger
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Amplexa Genetics, Odense, Denmark
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Kavitha Kothur
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katrina Fisk
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pascal Vrielynck
- Reference Center for Refractory Epilepsy, Catholic University of Louvain, William Lennox Neurological Hospital, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Delphine Delaby
- Reference Center for Refractory Epilepsy, Catholic University of Louvain, William Lennox Neurological Hospital, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Applied & Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB-Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Sparber
- Research Center for Medical Genetics Moskvorechie 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arjan Bouman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Ardern-Holmes
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- T. Y. Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Troedson
- T. Y. Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Domenica I Battaglia
- Pediatric Neurology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Child Health Area, Catholic University UCSC, Rome, Italy
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Hunter Genetics, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy Feyma
- Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Somayeh Bakhtiari
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Linda Tjoa
- Townsville University Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin Boxill
- Department of Pediatrics, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Nina Demina
- Research Center for Medical Genetics Moskvorechie 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Shchagina
- Research Center for Medical Genetics Moskvorechie 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Dadali
- Research Center for Medical Genetics Moskvorechie 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Kruer
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Gaetano Cantalupo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Section, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- UOC Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Integrata (full member of the ERN EpiCare), Verona, Italy
- Center for Research on Epilepsies in Pediatric age (CREP), Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Contaldo
- Pediatric Neurology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Child Health Area, Catholic University UCSC, Rome, Italy
| | - Tilman Polster
- Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara), Bielefeld University Medical School, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Stefania M Bova
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Walid Fazeli
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leen Wouters
- Department of Pediatrics, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Maria J Miranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Francesca Darra
- Child Neuropsychiatry Section, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- UOC Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Integrata (full member of the ERN EpiCare), Verona, Italy
- Center for Research on Epilepsies in Pediatric age (CREP), Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Pede
- Pediatric Neurology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Child Health Area, Catholic University UCSC, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jacopo Proietti
- Child Neuropsychiatry Section, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Paediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Child Neuropsychiatry, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niamh McSweeney
- Department of Paediatrics, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elly Brokamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter Ian Andrews
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Mary Chebib
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Philip K Ahring
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elena Gardella
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carapancea E, Cornet MC, Milh M, De Cosmo L, Huang EJ, Granata T, Striano P, Ceulemans B, Stein A, Morris-Rosendahl D, Conti G, Mitra N, Raymond FL, Rowitch DH, Solazzi R, Vercellino F, De Liso P, D'Onofrio G, Boniver C, Danhaive O, Carkeek K, Salpietro V, Weckhuysen S, Fedrigo M, Angelini A, Castellotti B, Lederer D, Benoit V, Raviglione F, Guerrini R, Dilena R, Cilio MR. Clinical and Neurophysiologic Phenotypes in Neonates With BRAT1 Encephalopathy. Neurology 2023; 100:e1234-e1247. [PMID: 36599696 PMCID: PMC10033164 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000206755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES BRAT1 encephalopathy is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive neonatal encephalopathy. We delineate the neonatal electroclinical phenotype at presentation and provide insights for early diagnosis. METHODS Through a multinational collaborative, we studied a cohort of neonates with encephalopathy associated with biallelic pathogenic variants in BRAT1 for whom detailed clinical, neurophysiologic, and neuroimaging information was available from the onset of symptoms. Neuropathologic changes were also analyzed. RESULTS We included 19 neonates. Most neonates were born at term (16/19) from nonconsanguineous parents. 15/19 (79%) were admitted soon after birth to a neonatal intensive care unit, exhibiting multifocal myoclonus, both spontaneous and exacerbated by stimulation. 7/19 (37%) had arthrogryposis at birth, and all except 1 progressively developed hypertonia in the first week of life. Multifocal myoclonus, which was present in all but 1 infant, was the most prominent manifestation and did not show any EEG correlate in 16/19 (84%). Video-EEG at onset was unremarkable in 14/19 (74%) infants, and 6 (33%) had initially been misdiagnosed with hyperekplexia. Multifocal seizures were observed at a median age of 14 days (range: 1-29). During the first months of life, all infants developed progressive encephalopathy, acquired microcephaly, prolonged bouts of apnea, and bradycardia, leading to cardiac arrest and death at a median age of 3.5 months (range: 20 days to 30 months). Only 7 infants (37%) received a definite diagnosis before death, at a median age of 34 days (range: 25-126), and almost two-thirds (12/19, 63%) were diagnosed 8 days to 12 years postmortem (median: 6.5 years). Neuropathology examination, performed in 3 patients, revealed severely delayed myelination and diffuse astrogliosis, sparing the upper cortical layers. DISCUSSION BRAT1 encephalopathy is a neonatal-onset, rapidly progressive neurologic disorder. Neonates are often misdiagnosed as having hyperekplexia, and many die undiagnosed. The key phenotypic features are multifocal myoclonus, an organized EEG, progressive, persistent, and diffuse hypertonia, and an evolution into refractory multifocal seizures, prolonged bouts of apnea, bradycardia, and early death. Early recognition of BRAT1 encephalopathy allows for prompt workup, appropriate management, and genetic counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Carapancea
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Coralie Cornet
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Milh
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucrezia De Cosmo
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric J Huang
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tiziana Granata
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pasquale Striano
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anja Stein
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Deborah Morris-Rosendahl
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Greta Conti
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nipa Mitra
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Lucy Raymond
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David H Rowitch
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roberta Solazzi
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabiana Vercellino
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paola De Liso
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gianluca D'Onofrio
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clementina Boniver
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Danhaive
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katherine Carkeek
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marny Fedrigo
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annalisa Angelini
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Barbara Castellotti
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valerie Benoit
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Federico Raviglione
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robertino Dilena
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Roberta Cilio
- From the Institute Of NeuroScience (E.C., M.R.C.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (M.-C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.M.), Hôpital "La Timone" Enfants, Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (L.D.C.), Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Division of Neuropathology (E.J.H.), Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (T.G., R.S.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) (P.S., G.D.O.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (P.S.), Università Degli studi di Genova, Italy; Division of Paediatric Neurology (Berten Ceulemans), Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Neonatology (A.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Laboratory (D.M.-R.), Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; NHLI (D.M.-R.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Neurology (G.C., R.G.), Meyer Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.M.), Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics (F.L.R., D.H.R.), Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Neonatology (D.H.R.), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit (F.V.), SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (P.D.L.), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology (C.B.), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Division of Neonatology (O.D., K.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (V.S.), London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (S.W.), Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Applied&Translational Neurogenomics Group (S.W.), VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium; Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health (M.F., A.A.), Università Degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Department of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics (Barbara Castellotti), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Human Genetics (D.L., V.B.), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium; Hospital Neuropsychiatry Service (F.R.), ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (R.D.), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Milan, Italy; and Division of Pediatric Neurology (M.R.C.), Department of Pediatrics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mandelenaki D, Juvené E, Lederer D, Aeby A. Precision medicine: vinpocetine as a potential treatment for
GABRG2
‐related epilepsy. Epileptic Disord 2023. [PMID: 37536979 DOI: 10.1002/epd2.20015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathogenic variants of the GABRG2 gene, encoding a GABAA receptor subunit, have been associated with various epileptic syndromes and drug-resistant epilepsy. Vinpocetine has been previously reported efficacious in a patient harboring a GABRB3 pathogenic variant, encoding another GABAA receptor subunit. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a patient with GABRG2-related drug-resistant epilepsy who improved after vinpocetine treatment. An 8-year-old boy with a family history of epilepsy was diagnosed with early onset absence epilepsy at 6 months of age and was treated unsuccessfully with sodium valproate and ethosuximide. At 6 years of age, he developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures and increasing absences despite lamotrigine add-on as well as learning difficulties. Brain MRI was normal and video-EEG telemetry showed multiple myoclonic absences. An epilepsy gene panel analysis showed a GABRG2 pathogenic variant, c.254 T > A p.(Ile85Lys) (NM_198903.2), inherited from the proband's father. Seizures were resistant to several medications. After treatment with vinpocetine add-on, the patient showed a dramatic initial response, further reduction of seizures, and improvement of his cognitive functions. CONCLUSION This case illustrates that vinpocetine could be considered in drug-resistant epilepsies related to GABRG2 in accordance with the principles of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Mandelenaki
- Paediatric Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)‐Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB) Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium
- Paediatric Neurology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust UK
| | - Elodie Juvené
- Paediatric Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)‐Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB) Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (IPG), Charleroi (Gosselies) Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Paediatric Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)‐Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB) Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium
- Paediatric Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, ULB Brussels Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Johannesen KM, Liu Y, Koko M, Gjerulfsen CE, Sonnenberg L, Schubert J, Fenger CD, Eltokhi A, Rannap M, Koch NA, Lauxmann S, Krüger J, Kegele J, Canafoglia L, Franceschetti S, Mayer T, Rebstock J, Zacher P, Ruf S, Alber M, Sterbova K, Lassuthová P, Vlckova M, Lemke JR, Platzer K, Krey I, Heine C, Wieczorek D, Kroell-Seger J, Lund C, Klein KM, Au PYB, Rho JM, Ho AW, Masnada S, Veggiotti P, Giordano L, Accorsi P, Hoei-Hansen CE, Striano P, Zara F, Verhelst H, Verhoeven JS, Braakman HMH, van der Zwaag B, Harder AVE, Brilstra E, Pendziwiat M, Lebon S, Vaccarezza M, Le NM, Christensen J, Grønborg S, Scherer SW, Howe J, Fazeli W, Howell KB, Leventer R, Stutterd C, Walsh S, Gerard M, Gerard B, Matricardi S, Bonardi CM, Sartori S, Berger A, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Mastrangelo M, Darra F, Vøllo A, Motazacker MM, Lakeman P, Nizon M, Betzler C, Altuzarra C, Caume R, Roubertie A, Gélisse P, Marini C, Guerrini R, Bilan F, Tibussek D, Koch-Hogrebe M, Perry MS, Ichikawa S, Dadali E, Sharkov A, Mishina I, Abramov M, Kanivets I, Korostelev S, Kutsev S, Wain KE, Eisenhauer N, Wagner M, Savatt JM, Müller-Schlüter K, Bassan H, Borovikov A, Nassogne MC, Destrée A, Schoonjans AS, Meuwissen M, Buzatu M, Jansen A, Scalais E, Srivastava S, Tan WH, Olson HE, Loddenkemper T, Poduri A, Helbig KL, Helbig I, Fitzgerald MP, Goldberg EM, Roser T, Borggraefe I, Brünger T, May P, Lal D, Lederer D, Rubboli G, Heyne HO, Lesca G, Hedrich UBS, Benda J, Gardella E, Lerche H, Møller RS. Genotype-phenotype correlations in SCN8A-related disorders reveal prognostic and therapeutic implications. Brain 2022; 145:2991-3009. [PMID: 34431999 PMCID: PMC10147326 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report detailed functional analyses and genotype-phenotype correlations in 392 individuals carrying disease-causing variants in SCN8A, encoding the voltage-gated Na+ channel Nav1.6, with the aim of describing clinical phenotypes related to functional effects. Six different clinical subgroups were identified: Group 1, benign familial infantile epilepsy (n = 15, normal cognition, treatable seizures); Group 2, intermediate epilepsy (n = 33, mild intellectual disability, partially pharmaco-responsive); Group 3, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (n = 177, severe intellectual disability, majority pharmaco-resistant); Group 4, generalized epilepsy (n = 20, mild to moderate intellectual disability, frequently with absence seizures); Group 5, unclassifiable epilepsy (n = 127); and Group 6, neurodevelopmental disorder without epilepsy (n = 20, mild to moderate intellectual disability). Those in Groups 1-3 presented with focal or multifocal seizures (median age of onset: 4 months) and focal epileptiform discharges, whereas the onset of seizures in patients with generalized epilepsy was later (median: 42 months) with generalized epileptiform discharges. We performed functional studies expressing missense variants in ND7/23 neuroblastoma cells and primary neuronal cultures using recombinant tetrodotoxin-insensitive human Nav1.6 channels and whole-cell patch-clamping. Two variants causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy showed a strong gain-of-function (hyperpolarizing shift of steady-state activation, strongly increased neuronal firing rate) and one variant causing benign familial infantile epilepsy or intermediate epilepsy showed a mild gain-of-function (defective fast inactivation, less increased firing). In contrast, all three variants causing generalized epilepsy induced a loss-of-function (reduced current amplitudes, depolarizing shift of steady-state activation, reduced neuronal firing). Functional effects were known for 170 individuals. All 136 individuals carrying a functionally tested gain-of-function variant had either focal (n = 97, Groups 1-3) or unclassifiable (n = 39) epilepsy, whereas 34 individuals with a loss-of-function variant had either generalized (n = 14), no (n = 11) or unclassifiable (n = 6) epilepsy; only three had developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Computational modelling in the gain-of-function group revealed a significant correlation between the severity of the electrophysiological and clinical phenotypes. Gain-of-function variant carriers responded significantly better to sodium channel blockers than to other anti-seizure medications, and the same applied for all individuals in Groups 1-3. In conclusion, our data reveal clear genotype-phenotype correlations between age at seizure onset, type of epilepsy and gain- or loss-of-function effects of SCN8A variants. Generalized epilepsy with absence seizures is the main epilepsy phenotype of loss-of-function variant carriers and the extent of the electrophysiological dysfunction of the gain-of-function variants is a main determinant of the severity of the clinical phenotype in focal epilepsies. Our pharmacological data indicate that sodium channel blockers present a treatment option in SCN8A-related focal epilepsy with onset in the first year of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Koko
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cathrine E Gjerulfsen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Lukas Sonnenberg
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Schubert
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christina D Fenger
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Ahmed Eltokhi
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Maert Rannap
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nils A Koch
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Lauxmann
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Krüger
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josua Kegele
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Department of Diagnostics and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologio Carlo Besta, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Department of Diagnostics and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologio Carlo Besta, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Mayer
- Epilepsy Center Kleinwachau, 01454 Dresden-Radeberg, Germany
| | | | - Pia Zacher
- Epilepsy Center Kleinwachau, 01454 Dresden-Radeberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Ruf
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael Alber
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katalin Sterbova
- Department of Child Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lassuthová
- Department of Child Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vlckova
- Department of Child Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ilona Krey
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Constanze Heine
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Clinic, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40210 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Kroell-Seger
- Children’s Department, Swiss Epilepsy Centre, Clinic Lengg, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Lund
- National Centre for Rare Epilepsy-Related Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, 0001 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics and Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 0A1, Canada
| | - P Y Billie Au
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, AB T6G 2T4, Canada
| | - Jong M Rho
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 0A1, Canada
| | - Alice W Ho
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2P 0A1, Canada
| | - Silvia Masnada
- Department of Child Neurology, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Veggiotti
- Department of Child Neurology, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20125 Milan, Italy
- ‘L. Sacco’ Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Civilian Hospital, 25100 Brescia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Civilian Hospital, 25100 Brescia, Italy
| | - Christina E Hoei-Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16121 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS ‘G. Gaslini’ Institute, 16121 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Helene Verhelst
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Gent University Hospital, 9042 Gent, Belgium
| | - Judith S Verhoeven
- Academic Center for Epileptology, Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center, 5591 Heeze, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde M H Braakman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Zwaag
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3553 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aster V E Harder
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3553 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3553 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein Campus Kiel, 24106 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lebon
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Woman Mother Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Vaccarezza
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, C1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ngoc Minh Le
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
| | - Jakob Christensen
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sabine Grønborg
- Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 66777, Canada
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON 66777, Canada
| | - Jennifer Howe
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Bonn, 53229 Bonn, Germany
| | - Walid Fazeli
- Institute for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cologne, 50667 Cologne, Germany
- Neurology Department, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, 3002 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine B Howell
- Neurology Department, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, 3002 Melbourne, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, 3052 Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Richard Leventer
- Neurology Department, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, 3002 Melbourne, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, 3052 Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Chloe Stutterd
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, 3052 Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Sonja Walsh
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Children’s Hospital, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, 1099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marion Gerard
- Genetics Department, CHU Côte de Nacre, 14118 Caen, France
| | | | - Sara Matricardi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Children’s Hospital G. Salesi, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia M Bonardi
- Department of Woman’s and Child’s Health, Padova University Hospital, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Sartori
- Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Padova University Hospital, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Berger
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Weiden, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG, 92637 Weiden, Germany
| | | | - Massimo Mastrangelo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Vittore Buzzi Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Darra
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37121 Verona, Italy
| | - Arve Vøllo
- Department of Pediatrics, Oestfold Hospital, 1712 Graalum, Norway
| | - M Mahdi Motazacker
- Laboratory of Genome Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1019 Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Phillis Lakeman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1019 Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Cornelia Betzler
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurorehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik, 83569 Vogtareuth, Germany
- Research Institute ‘Rehabilitation, Transition, Palliation’, PMU Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Cecilia Altuzarra
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Jacques Hospital, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Roseline Caume
- Clinique de Génétique Guy Fontaine, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Gélisse
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Carla Marini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50131 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Frederic Bilan
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Daniel Tibussek
- Child Neurology, Center for Pediatric and Teenage Health Care, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | | | - M Scott Perry
- Justin Neurosciences Center, Cook Children’s Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX 76101, USA
| | - Shoji Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA 92637, USA
| | - Elena Dadali
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Sharkov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia
- Genomed Ltd., 100000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Mishina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Abramov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Kanivets
- Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology & Epilepsy, 100000 Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 100000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Korostelev
- Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology & Epilepsy, 100000 Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 100000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Karen E Wain
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Nancy Eisenhauer
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Monisa Wagner
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Juliann M Savatt
- Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Karen Müller-Schlüter
- Epilepsy Center for Children, University Hospital Neuruppin, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Haim Bassan
- Pediatric Neurology & Development Center, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofe), Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 5296001 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Marie Cecile Nassogne
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Destrée
- Institute for Pathology and Genetics, 6040 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - An Sofie Schoonjans
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Marije Meuwissen
- Pediatric Neurology, Marie Curie Hospital—CHU Charleroi, 6032 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Marga Buzatu
- Pediatric Neurology, Marie Curie Hospital—CHU Charleroi, 6032 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Anna Jansen
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 1313 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Siddharth Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Wen Hann Tan
- Department of Genetics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Heather E Olson
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Tobias Loddenkemper
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Annapurna Poduri
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark P Fitzgerald
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ethan M Goldberg
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative (ENGIN), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timo Roser
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Haunersches Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Borggraefe
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Haunersches Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Ludwig-Maximilian- University of Munich, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University Luxembourg, L-4243 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Patrick May
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
| | - Dennis Lal
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University Luxembourg, L-4243 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, 50667 Cologne, Germany
| | - Damien Lederer
- Institute for Pathology and Genetics, 6040 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Guido Rubboli
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrike O Heyne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, 4275 Leipzig, Germany
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 320 Helsinki, Finland
- Program for Medical and Population Genetics/Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Groupement Hospitalier Est and ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), 69001 Lyon, France
- Institut Neuromyogène, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69001 Lyon, France
| | - Ulrike B S Hedrich
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan Benda
- Institute for Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Elena Gardella
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Center, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Loberti L, Bruno LP, Granata S, Doddato G, Resciniti S, Fava F, Carullo M, Rahikkala E, Jouret G, Menke LA, Lederer D, Vrielynck P, Ryba L, Brunetti-Pierri N, Lasa-Aranzasti A, Cueto-González AM, Trujillano L, Valenzuela I, Tizzano EF, Spinelli AM, Bruno I, Currò A, Stanzial F, Benedicenti F, Lopergolo D, Santorelli FM, Aristidou C, Tanteles GA, Maystadt I, Tkemaladze T, Reimand T, Lokke H, Õunap K, Haanpää MK, Holubová A, Zoubková V, Schwarz M, Žordania R, Muru K, Roht L, Tihveräinen A, Teek R, Thomson U, Atallah I, Superti-Furga A, Buoni S, Canitano R, Scandurra V, Rossetti A, Grosso S, Battini R, Baldassarri M, Mencarelli MA, Rizzo CL, Bruttini M, Mari F, Ariani F, Renieri A, Pinto AM. Natural history of KBG syndrome in a large European cohort. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:4131-4142. [PMID: 35861666 PMCID: PMC9759332 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
KBG syndrome (KBGS) is characterized by distinctive facial gestalt, short stature and variable clinical findings. With ageing, some features become more recognizable, allowing a differential diagnosis. We aimed to better characterize natural history of KBGS. In the context of a European collaborative study, we collected the largest cohort of KBGS patients (49). A combined array- based Comparative Genomic Hybridization and next generation sequencing (NGS) approach investigated both genomic Copy Number Variants and SNVs. Intellectual disability (ID) (82%) ranged from mild to moderate with severe ID identified in two patients. Epilepsy was present in 26.5%. Short stature was consistent over time, while occipitofrontal circumference (median value: -0.88 SD at birth) normalized over years. Cerebral anomalies, were identified in 56% of patients and thus represented the second most relevant clinical feature reinforcing clinical suspicion in the paediatric age when short stature and vertebral/dental anomalies are vague. Macrodontia, oligodontia and dental agenesis (53%) were almost as frequent as skeletal anomalies, such as brachydactyly, short fifth finger, fifth finger clinodactyly, pectus excavatum/carinatum, delayed bone age. In 28.5% of individuals, prenatal ultrasound anomalies were reported. Except for three splicing variants, leading to a premature termination, variants were almost all frameshift. Our results, broadening the spectrum of KBGS phenotype progression, provide useful tools to facilitate differential diagnosis and improve clinical management. We suggest to consider a wider range of dental anomalies before excluding diagnosis and to perform a careful odontoiatric/ear-nose-throat (ENT) evaluation in order to look for even submucosal palate cleft given the high percentage of palate abnormalities. NGS approaches, following evidence of antenatal ultrasound anomalies, should include ANKRD11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefania Granata
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Gabriella Doddato
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Sara Resciniti
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Francesca Fava
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Michele Carullo
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Elisa Rahikkala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, PEDEGO Research Unit, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90014, Finland
| | - Guillaume Jouret
- National Center of Genetics (NCG), Laboratoire national de santé (LNS), L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Leonie A Menke
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam 1100, The Netherlands
| | - Damien Lederer
- Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique; Centre de Génétique Humaine, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - Pascal Vrielynck
- William Lennox Neurological Hospital, Reference Center for Refractory Epilepsy UCLouvain, Ottignies 1340, Belgium
| | - Lukáš Ryba
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University – 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague 150 00, Czech Republic
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Amaia Lasa-Aranzasti
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcellona 08035, Spain
| | | | - Laura Trujillano
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcellona 08035, Spain
| | - Irene Valenzuela
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcellona 08035, Spain
| | - Eduardo F Tizzano
- Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcellona 08035, Spain
| | | | - Irene Bruno
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Aurora Currò
- Genetic Counseling Service, Department of Pediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Franco Stanzial
- Genetic Counseling Service, Department of Pediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedicenti
- Genetic Counseling Service, Department of Pediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Diego Lopergolo
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Pisa 98125, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Pisa 98125, Italy
| | - Constantia Aristidou
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus
| | - George A Tanteles
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique; Centre de Génétique Humaine, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - Tinatin Tkemaladze
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia
| | - Tiia Reimand
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Helen Lokke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Maria K Haanpää
- Department of Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - Andrea Holubová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University – 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague 150 00, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Zoubková
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University – 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague 150 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Schwarz
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University – 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague 150 00, Czech Republic
| | - Riina Žordania
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Kai Muru
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Laura Roht
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Annika Tihveräinen
- Department of Child Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - Rita Teek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetic and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Ulvi Thomson
- Centre for Neurological Diseases, West-Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn 10617, Estonia
| | - Isis Atallah
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Buoni
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Roberto Canitano
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Valeria Scandurra
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Annalisa Rossetti
- Clinical Paediatrics, Department of Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grosso
- Clinical Paediatrics, Department of Molecular Medicine and Development, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Roberta Battini
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Pisa 98125, Italy,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa 56122, Italy
| | - Margherita Baldassarri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Lo Rizzo
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Mirella Bruttini
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Francesca Mari
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Francesca Ariani
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Centre, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy. Tel: 39 0577 233303; Fax: 39 0577 233325;
| | - Anna Maria Pinto
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena 53100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Christensen MB, Levy AM, Mohammadi NA, Niceta M, Kaiyrzhanov R, Dentici ML, Alam CA, Alesi V, Benoit V, Bhatia KP, Bierhals T, Boßelmann CM, Buratti J, Callewaert B, Ceulemans B, Charles P, De Wachter M, Dehghani M, D'haenens E, Doco-Fenzy M, Geßner M, Gobert C, Guliyeva U, Haack TB, Hammer TB, Heinrich T, Hempel M, Herget T, Hoffmann U, Horvath J, Houlden H, Keren B, Kresge C, Kumps C, Lederer D, Lermine A, Magrinelli F, Maroofian R, Mehrjardi MYV, Moudi M, Müller AJ, Oostra AJ, Pletcher BA, Ros-Pardo D, Samarasekera S, Tartaglia M, Van Schil K, Vogt J, Wassmer E, Winkelmann J, Zaki MS, Zech M, Lerche H, Radio FC, Gomez-Puertas P, Møller RS, Tümer Z. Biallelic variants in ZNF142 lead to a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder. Clin Genet 2022; 102:98-109. [PMID: 35616059 PMCID: PMC9546172 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic variants of the gene encoding for the zinc-finger protein 142 (ZNF142) have recently been associated with intellectual disability (ID), speech impairment, seizures, and movement disorders in nine individuals from five families. In this study, we obtained phenotype and genotype information of 26 further individuals from 16 families. Among the 27 different ZNF142 variants identified in the total of 35 individuals only four were missense. Missense variants may give a milder phenotype by changing the local structure of ZF motifs as suggested by protein modelling; but this correlation should be validated in larger cohorts and pathogenicity of the missense variants should be investigated with functional studies. Clinical features of the 35 individuals suggest that biallelic ZNF142 variants lead to a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder with mild to moderate ID, varying degrees of delay in language and gross motor development, early onset seizures, hypotonia, behavioral features, movement disorders, and facial dysmorphism. The differences in symptom frequencies observed in the unpublished individuals compared to those of published, and recognition of previously underemphasized facial features are likely to be due to the small sizes of the previous cohorts, which underlines the importance of larger cohorts for the phenotype descriptions of rare genetic disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Christensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amanda M Levy
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nazanin A Mohammadi
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marcello Niceta
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rauan Kaiyrzhanov
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chadi Al Alam
- Pediatric Neurology department, American center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Abu Dhabi and Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Pediatric Neurology department, Haykel Hospital, El Koura, Lebanon
| | - Viola Alesi
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Bierhals
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian M Boßelmann
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julien Buratti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP- HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Perrine Charles
- Department of Medical Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP- HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Matthias De Wachter
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Mohammadreza Dehghani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Erika D'haenens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- SFR CAP SANTE, HMB2 CHU, Reims, France.,CHU de Nantes, service de génétique médicale, Nantes, France
| | - Michaela Geßner
- KfH-Board of Trustees for Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation (KfH-Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation e.V.), Neu Isenburg, Germany
| | - Cyrielle Gobert
- Neuropediatric department, Centre Hospitalier Neurologique William Lennox, Ottignies, Belgium
| | | | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Trine B Hammer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Tilman Heinrich
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,MVZ Humangenetik und Molekularpathologie GmbH, Rostock, Germany
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theresia Herget
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Judit Horvath
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Keren
- Department of Medical Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP- HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Candy Kumps
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Francesca Magrinelli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mahdiyeh Moudi
- Department of Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amelie J Müller
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna J Oostra
- Neuropediatric department, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Centre for Developmental disorders, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - David Ros-Pardo
- Molecular Modeling Group, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CBMSO (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Kristof Van Schil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Evangeline Wassmer
- Birmingham Women and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Genetics Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Paulino Gomez-Puertas
- Molecular Modeling Group, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CBMSO (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lehalle D, Bruel AL, Vitobello A, Denommé-Pichon AS, Duffourd Y, Assoum M, Amiel J, Baujat G, Bessieres B, Bigoni S, Burglen L, Captier G, Dard R, Edery P, Fortunato F, Geneviève D, Goldenberg A, Guibaud L, Héron D, Holder-Espinasse M, Lederer D, Lopez Grondona F, Grotto S, Marlin S, Nadeau G, Picard A, Rossi M, Roume J, Sanlaville D, Saugier-Veber P, Triau S, Valenzuela Palafoll MI, Vanlerberghe C, Van Maldergem L, Vezain M, Vincent-Delorme C, Zivi E, Thevenon J, Vabres P, Thauvin-Robinet C, Callier P, Faivre L. Toward clinical and molecular dissection of frontonasal dysplasia with facial skin polyps: From Pai syndrome to differential diagnosis through a series of 27 patients. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2036-2047. [PMID: 35445792 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Unique or multiple congenital facial skin polyps are features of several rare syndromes, from the most well-known Pai syndrome (PS), to the less recognized oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome (OAFNS), encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL), or Sakoda complex (SC). We set up a research project aiming to identify the molecular bases of PS. We reviewed 27 individuals presenting with a syndromic frontonasal polyp and initially referred for PS. Based on strict clinical classification criteria, we could confirm only nine (33%) typical and two (7%) atypical PS individuals. The remaining ones were either OAFNS (11/27-41%) or presenting with an overlapping syndrome (5/27-19%). Because of the phenotypic overlap between these entities, OAFNS, ECCL, and SC can be either considered as differential diagnosis of PS or part of the same spectrum. Exome and/or genome sequencing from blood DNA in 12 patients and from affected tissue in one patient failed to identify any replication in candidate genes. Taken together, our data suggest that conventional approaches routinely utilized for the identification of molecular etiologies responsible for Mendelian disorders are inconclusive. Future studies on affected tissues and multiomics studies will thus be required in order to address either the contribution of mosaic or noncoding variation in these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Lehalle
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Mirna Assoum
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Service de Génétique, INSERM U781, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine, University Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Baujat
- Service de Génétique, INSERM U781, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine, University Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bettina Bessieres
- Unite d'embryofoetopathologie, Service d'Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades APHP, Paris, France
| | - Stefania Bigoni
- UOL of Medical Genetics, Ferrara Hospital University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Département de Génétique et Centre de Référence "malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet," AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Captier
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et plastique pédiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rodolphe Dard
- Service de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Service de génétique et Centre de Référence des Anomalies du développement de la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR 5292, UCB Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - David Geneviève
- Genetic Department for Rare Disease and Personalised Medicine, Clinical Division, Montpellier University, Inserm U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Laurent Guibaud
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR 5292, UCB Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- Department of Genetics, Intellectual Disability and Autism Clinical Research Group, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Holder-Espinasse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Clinical Genetics Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.p.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Fermina Lopez Grondona
- Àrea de Genètica Clínica i Malalties Minoritàries, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Grotto
- Genetic Department for Rare Disease and Personalised Medicine, Clinical Division, Montpellier University, Inserm U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Malformations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris, Spain
| | - Gwenaël Nadeau
- Unité fonctionnelle de cytogénétique, CH de Valence, Valence, France
| | - Arnaud Picard
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillofaciale, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Service de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France
- Service de génétique et Centre de Référence des Anomalies du développement de la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joëlle Roume
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et plastique pédiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Service de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France
- Service de génétique et Centre de Référence des Anomalies du développement de la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pascale Saugier-Veber
- Department of Genetics, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Myriam Vezain
- Department of Genetics, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | | | - Einat Zivi
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Vabres
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Johannesen KM, Iqbal S, Guazzi M, Mohammadi NA, Pérez-Palma E, Schaefer E, De Saint Martin A, Abiwarde MT, McTague A, Pons R, Piton A, Kurian MA, Ambegaonkar G, Firth H, Sanchis-Juan A, Deprez M, Jansen K, De Waele L, Briltra EH, Verbeek NE, van Kempen M, Fazeli W, Striano P, Zara F, Visser G, Braakman HMH, Haeusler M, Elbracht M, Vaher U, Smol T, Lemke JR, Platzer K, Kennedy J, Klein KM, Au PYB, Smyth K, Kaplan J, Thomas M, Dewenter MK, Dinopoulos A, Campbell AJ, Lal D, Lederer D, Liao VWY, Ahring PK, Møller RS, Gardella E. Structural mapping of GABRB3 variants reveals genotype-phenotype correlations. Genet Med 2022; 24:681-693. [PMID: 34906499 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathogenic variants in GABRB3 have been associated with a spectrum of phenotypes from severe developmental disorders and epileptic encephalopathies to milder epilepsy syndromes and mild intellectual disability (ID). In this study, we analyzed a large cohort of individuals with GABRB3 variants to deepen the phenotypic understanding and investigate genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS Through an international collaboration, we analyzed electro-clinical data of unpublished individuals with variants in GABRB3, and we reviewed previously published cases. All missense variants were mapped onto the 3-dimensional structure of the GABRB3 subunit, and clinical phenotypes associated with the different key structural domains were investigated. RESULTS We characterized 71 individuals with GABRB3 variants, including 22 novel subjects, expressing a wide spectrum of phenotypes. Interestingly, phenotypes correlated with structural locations of the variants. Generalized epilepsy, with a median age at onset of 12 months, and mild-to-moderate ID were associated with variants in the extracellular domain. Focal epilepsy with earlier onset (median: age 4 months) and severe ID were associated with variants in both the pore-lining helical transmembrane domain and the extracellular domain. CONCLUSION These genotype-phenotype correlations will aid the genetic counseling and treatment of individuals affected by GABRB3-related disorders. Future studies may reveal whether functional differences underlie the phenotypic differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre "Filadelfia", Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sumaiya Iqbal
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDOT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Analytic & Translational Genetics Unit (ATGU), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Milena Guazzi
- Department of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, The Danish Epilepsy Centre "Filadelfia", Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Nazanin A Mohammadi
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre "Filadelfia", Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Palma
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne De Saint Martin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Amy McTague
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roser Pons
- First Department of Pediatrics, "I Agia Sofia" Children Hospital, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Amelie Piton
- Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique, Hôpital Civil, CHRU de Strasburg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gautam Ambegaonkar
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Child Development Centre, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Firth
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alba Sanchis-Juan
- NIHR BioResource, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Deprez
- CNRS, IPMC, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Katrien Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth De Waele
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration, Kulak Kortrijk Campus, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Eva H Briltra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke E Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Kempen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Walid Fazeli
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pasquale Striano
- IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroscience, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Gerhard Visser
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde M H Braakman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe & Maastricht University Medical Center, Heeze, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Haeusler
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulvi Vaher
- Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; ERN EpiCARE, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Thomas Smol
- Institut de Genetique Medicale, CHU Lille, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joanna Kennedy
- Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ping Yee Billie Au
- Department of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kimberly Smyth
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Julie Kaplan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE
| | - Morgan Thomas
- Precision Medicine/Genetic Testing Stewardship Program, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE
| | - Malin K Dewenter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz Institut für Humangenetik, Mainz, Germany
| | - Argirios Dinopoulos
- Third Department of Pediatrics, Attiko University Hospital, University of Athens, Haidari, Greece
| | - Arthur J Campbell
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDOT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Dennis Lal
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Vivian W Y Liao
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip K Ahring
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre "Filadelfia", Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Elena Gardella
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre "Filadelfia", Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, The Danish Epilepsy Centre "Filadelfia", Dianalund, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bar C, Breuillard D, Kuchenbuch M, Jennesson M, Le Guyader G, Isnard H, Rolland A, Doummar D, Fluss J, Afenjar A, Berquin P, De Saint Martin A, Dupont S, Goldenberg A, Lederer D, Lesca G, Maurey H, Meyer P, Mignot C, Nica A, Odent S, Poisson A, Scalais E, Sekhara T, Vrielynck P, Barcia G, Nabbout R. Adaptive behavior and psychiatric comorbidities in KCNB1 encephalopathy. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 126:108471. [PMID: 34915430 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM KCNB1 encephalopathy encompasses a broad phenotypic spectrum associating intellectual disability, behavioral disturbances, and epilepsies of various severity. Using standardized parental questionnaires, we aimed to capture the heterogeneity of the adaptive and behavioral features in a series of patients with KCNB1 pathogenic variants. METHODS We included 25 patients with a KCNB1 encephalopathy, aged from 3.2 to 34.1 years (median = 10 years). Adaptive functioning was assessed in all patients using the French version of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (VABS-II) questionnaire. We screened global behavior with the Childhood Behavioral Check-List (CBCL, Achenbach) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). We used a cluster analysis to identify subgroups of adaptive profiles. RESULTS VABS-II questionnaire showed pathological adaptive behavior in all participants with a severity of adaptive deficiency ranging from mild in 8/20 to severe in 7/20. Eight out of 16 were at risk of Attention Problems at the CBCL and 13/18 were at risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The adaptive behavior composite score significantly decreased with age (Spearman's Rho=-0.72, p<0.001) but not the equivalent ages, suggesting stagnation and slowing but no regression over time. The clustering analysis identified two subgroups of patients, one showing more severe adaptive behavior. The severity of the epilepsy phenotype predicted the severity of the behavioral profile with a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 90.9%. CONCLUSION This study confirms the deleterious consequences of early-onset epilepsy in addition to the impact of the gene dysfunction in patients with KCNB1 encephalopathy. ASD and attention disorders are frequent. Parental questionnaires should be considered as useful tools for early screening and care adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bar
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, member of ERN EPICARE, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Breuillard
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, member of ERN EPICARE, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Kuchenbuch
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, member of ERN EPICARE, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Gwenaël Le Guyader
- Department of Genetics, CHU de Poitiers, BP 577, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France; EA3808 - NEUVACOD Unité neurovasculaire et troubles cognitifs, Université de Poitiers, Pôle Biologie Santé, France
| | - Hervé Isnard
- Pediatric Neurologist, Medical Office 28 rue de la république, Lyon 69002, France
| | - Anne Rolland
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU de NANTES, Nantes, France
| | - Diane Doummar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Joel Fluss
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Geneva Children's Hospital, 6 rue Willy-Donzé, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Sorbonne Universités, Centre de Référence Malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet et déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares, département de génétique et embryologie médicale, Hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Berquin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens France Pediatric Neurology Unit, France
| | - Anne De Saint Martin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sophie Dupont
- Epileptology Unit and Rehabilitation Unit AP-HP, GH Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | | | - Gaétan Lesca
- Department of Genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France; Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Hélène Maurey
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Bicêtre, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Pierre Meyer
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; APHP, Sorbonne Université, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Genetics, Centre de Reference Déficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares
| | - Anca Nica
- Neurology Department, Center for Clinical Research (CIC 1414), Rennes University Hospital, France; Laboratory Of Signal Processing (LTSI), UMR 1099 INSERM, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique clinique, Reference Ccentre for Rare Developmental Abnormalities CLAD-Ouest, member of ERN ITHACA, CHU Rennes, France; CNRS UMR 6290 Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes IGDR, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Alice Poisson
- GénoPsy, Reference Center for Diagnosis and Management of Genetic Psychiatric Disorders, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier and EDR-Psy Team (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique & Lyon 1 Claude Bernard University), France
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Tayeb Sekhara
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, C.H.I.R.E.C, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascal Vrielynck
- William Lennox Neurological Hospital, Reference Center for Refractory Epilepsy UCLouvain, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Giulia Barcia
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France; APHP, Department of Clinical Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Rima Nabbout
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, member of ERN EPICARE, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bacharier L, Maspero J, Katelaris C, Fiocchi A, Liu D, Lederer D, Hardin M. P068 DUPILUMAB REDUCES BIOMARKERS OF TYPE 2 INFLAMMATION IN CHILDREN WITH UNCONTROLLED, MODERATE-TO-SEVERE ASTHMA. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Duerinckx S, Désir J, Perazzolo C, Badoer C, Jacquemin V, Soblet J, Maystadt I, Tunca Y, Blaumeiser B, Ceulemans B, Courtens W, Debray F, Destree A, Devriendt K, Jansen A, Keymolen K, Lederer D, Loeys B, Meuwissen M, Moortgat S, Mortier G, Nassogne M, Sekhara T, Van Coster R, Van Den Ende J, Van der Aa N, Van Esch H, Vanakker O, Verhelst H, Vilain C, Weckhuysen S, Passemard S, Verloes A, Aeby A, Deconinck N, Van Bogaert P, Pirson I, Abramowicz M. Phenotypes and genotypes in non-consanguineous and consanguineous primary microcephaly: High incidence of epilepsy. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1768. [PMID: 34402213 PMCID: PMC8457702 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary microcephaly (PM) is defined as a significant reduction in occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) of prenatal onset. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of PM represents a diagnostic challenge. METHODS We performed detailed phenotypic and genomic analyses in a large cohort (n = 169) of patients referred for PM and could establish a molecular diagnosis in 38 patients. RESULTS Pathogenic variants in ASPM and WDR62 were the most frequent causes in non-consanguineous patients in our cohort. In consanguineous patients, microarray and targeted gene panel analyses reached a diagnostic yield of 67%, which contrasts with a much lower rate in non-consanguineous patients (9%). Our series includes 11 novel pathogenic variants and we identify novel candidate genes including IGF2BP3 and DNAH2. We confirm the progression of microcephaly over time in affected children. Epilepsy was an important associated feature in our PM cohort, affecting 34% of patients with a molecular confirmation of the PM diagnosis, with various degrees of severity and seizure types. CONCLUSION Our findings will help to prioritize genomic investigations, accelerate molecular diagnoses, and improve the management of PM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duerinckx
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Julie Désir
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Cindy Badoer
- Department of GeneticsHôpital ErasmeULB Center of Human GeneticsUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Valérie Jacquemin
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Julie Soblet
- Department of GeneticsHôpital ErasmeULB Center of Human GeneticsUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Yusuf Tunca
- Department of Medical GeneticsGülhane Faculty of Medicine & Gülhane Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health Sciences TurkeyAnkaraTurkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne Destree
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | | | - Anna Jansen
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel)Centrum Medische GeneticaUniversiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Kathelijn Keymolen
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel)Centrum Medische GeneticaUniversiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- University and University Hospital of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | - Stéphanie Moortgat
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Geert Mortier
- University and University Hospital of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human GeneticsUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | | | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of GeneticsHôpital ErasmeULB Center of Human GeneticsUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | | | | | - Alain Verloes
- Department of GeneticsAPHPRobert Debré University HospitalParisFrance
| | - Alec Aeby
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Isabelle Pirson
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et moléculaireUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Genetic Medicine and DevelopmentUniversity of GenevaGenèveSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cornet MC, Morabito V, Lederer D, Glass HC, Ferrao Santos S, Numis AL, Ferriero DM, Sands TT, Cilio MR. Neonatal presentation of genetic epilepsies: Early differentiation from acute provoked seizures. Epilepsia 2021; 62:1907-1920. [PMID: 34153113 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although most seizures in neonates are due to acute brain injury, some represent the first sign of neonatal onset genetic epilepsies. Delay in recognition and lack of expert assessment of neonates with epilepsy may result in worse developmental outcomes. As in older children and adults, seizure semiology in neonates is an essential determinant in diagnosis. We aimed to establish whether seizure type at presentation in neonates can suggest a genetic etiology. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics of seizures in neonates admitted in two Level IV neonatal intensive care units, diagnosed with genetic epilepsy, for whom a video-EEG recording at presentation was available for review, and compared them on a 1:2 ratio with neonates with seizures due to stroke or hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. RESULTS Twenty neonates with genetic epilepsy were identified and compared to 40 neonates with acute provoked seizures. Genetic epilepsies were associated with pathogenic variants in KCNQ2 (n = 12), KCNQ3 (n = 2), SCN2A (n = 2), KCNT1 (n = 1), PRRT2 (n = 1), and BRAT1 (n = 2). All neonates with genetic epilepsy had seizures with clinical correlates that were either tonic (18/20) or myoclonic (2/20). In contrast, 17 of 40 (42%) neonates with acute provoked seizures had electrographic only seizures, and the majority of the remainder had clonic seizures. Time to first seizure was longer in neonates with genetic epilepsies (median = 60 h of life) compared to neonates with acute provoked seizures (median = 15 h of life, p < .001). Sodium channel-blocking antiseizure medications were effective in 13 of 14 (92%) neonates with tonic seizures who were trialed at onset or during the course of the epilepsy. SIGNIFICANCE Seizure semiology is an easily accessible sign of genetic epilepsies in neonates. Early identification of the seizure type can prompt appropriate workup and treatment. Tonic seizures are associated with channelopathies and are often controlled by sodium channel-blocking antiseizure medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Coralie Cornet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Valeria Morabito
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Hannah C Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Susana Ferrao Santos
- Department of Neurology, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adam L Numis
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Donna M Ferriero
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tristan T Sands
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Roberta Cilio
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Latypova X, Vincent M, Mollé A, Adebambo OA, Fourgeux C, Khan TN, Caro A, Rosello M, Orellana C, Niyazov D, Lederer D, Deprez M, Capri Y, Kannu P, Tabet AC, Levy J, Aten E, den Hollander N, Splitt M, Walia J, Immken LL, Stankiewicz P, McWalter K, Suchy S, Louie RJ, Bell S, Stevenson RE, Rousseau J, Willem C, Retiere C, Yang XJ, Campeau PM, Martinez F, Rosenfeld JA, Le Caignec C, Küry S, Mercier S, Moradkhani K, Conrad S, Besnard T, Cogné B, Katsanis N, Bézieau S, Poschmann J, Davis EE, Isidor B. Haploinsufficiency of the Sin3/HDAC corepressor complex member SIN3B causes a syndromic intellectual disability/autism spectrum disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:929-941. [PMID: 33811806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins involved in transcriptional regulation harbor a demonstrated enrichment of mutations in neurodevelopmental disorders. The Sin3 (Swi-independent 3)/histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex plays a central role in histone deacetylation and transcriptional repression. Among the two vertebrate paralogs encoding the Sin3 complex, SIN3A variants cause syndromic intellectual disability, but the clinical consequences of SIN3B haploinsufficiency in humans are uncharacterized. Here, we describe a syndrome hallmarked by intellectual disability, developmental delay, and dysmorphic facial features with variably penetrant autism spectrum disorder, congenital malformations, corpus callosum defects, and impaired growth caused by disruptive SIN3B variants. Using chromosomal microarray or exome sequencing, and through international data sharing efforts, we identified nine individuals with heterozygous SIN3B deletion or single-nucleotide variants. Five individuals harbor heterozygous deletions encompassing SIN3B that reside within a ∼230 kb minimal region of overlap on 19p13.11, two individuals have a rare nonsynonymous substitution, and two individuals have a single-nucleotide deletion that results in a frameshift and predicted premature termination codon. To test the relevance of SIN3B impairment to measurable aspects of the human phenotype, we disrupted the orthologous zebrafish locus by genome editing and transient suppression. The mutant and morphant larvae display altered craniofacial patterning, commissural axon defects, and reduced body length supportive of an essential role for Sin3 function in growth and patterning of anterior structures. To investigate further the molecular consequences of SIN3B variants, we quantified genome-wide enhancer and promoter activity states by using H3K27ac ChIP-seq. We show that, similar to SIN3A mutations, SIN3B disruption causes hyperacetylation of a subset of enhancers and promoters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Together, these data demonstrate that SIN3B haploinsufficiency leads to a hitherto unknown intellectual disability/autism syndrome, uncover a crucial role of SIN3B in the central nervous system, and define the epigenetic landscape associated with Sin3 complex impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Latypova
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Marie Vincent
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Alice Mollé
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Cynthia Fourgeux
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Tahir N Khan
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Alfonso Caro
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Monica Rosello
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Orellana
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dmitriy Niyazov
- Department of Pediatrics, Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans, LA 70128, USA
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, IPG, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marie Deprez
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Clinique Saint Elizabeth, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Yline Capri
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Peter Kannu
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan Levy
- Service de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Emmelien Aten
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolette den Hollander
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jagdeep Walia
- Kingston General Hospital Research Institute, 76 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Ladonna L Immken
- Clinical Genetics, Dell Children's Medical Group, Austin, TX 78731, USA
| | - Pawel Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Sharon Suchy
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Raymond J Louie
- Greenwood Genetic Center, 106 Gregor Mendel Cir, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Shannon Bell
- Greenwood Genetic Center, 106 Gregor Mendel Cir, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Roger E Stevenson
- Greenwood Genetic Center, 106 Gregor Mendel Cir, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Justine Rousseau
- Sainte-Justine Hospital, 3175, Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Christelle Retiere
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 44000 Nantes, France; CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Xiang-Jiao Yang
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Sainte-Justine Hospital, 3175, Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francisco Martinez
- Unidad de Genética, Grupo de Investigación Traslacional en Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cédric Le Caignec
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Sandra Mercier
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Kamran Moradkhani
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Solène Conrad
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Thomas Besnard
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Benjamin Cogné
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Advanced Center for Translational and Genetic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Erica E Davis
- Advanced Center for Translational and Genetic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; L'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Faundes V, Goh S, Akilapa R, Bezuidenhout H, Bjornsson HT, Bradley L, Brady AF, Brischoux-Boucher E, Brunner H, Bulk S, Canham N, Cody D, Dentici ML, Digilio MC, Elmslie F, Fry AE, Gill H, Hurst J, Johnson D, Julia S, Lachlan K, Lebel RR, Byler M, Gershon E, Lemire E, Gnazzo M, Lepri FR, Marchese A, McEntagart M, McGaughran J, Mizuno S, Okamoto N, Rieubland C, Rodgers J, Sasaki E, Scalais E, Scurr I, Suri M, van der Burgt I, Matsumoto N, Miyake N, Benoit V, Lederer D, Banka S. Clinical delineation, sex differences, and genotype-phenotype correlation in pathogenic KDM6A variants causing X-linked Kabuki syndrome type 2. Genet Med 2021; 23:1202-1210. [PMID: 33674768 PMCID: PMC8257478 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The variant spectrum and the phenotype of X-linked Kabuki syndrome type 2 (KS2) are poorly understood. Methods Genetic and clinical details of new and published individuals with pathogenic KDM6A variants were compiled and analyzed. Results Sixty-one distinct pathogenic KDM6A variants (50 truncating, 11 missense) from 80 patients (34 males, 46 females) were identified. Missense variants clustered in the TRP 2, 3, 7 and Jmj-C domains. Truncating variants were significantly more likely to be de novo. Thirteen individuals had maternally inherited variants and one had a paternally inherited variant. Neonatal feeding difficulties, hypoglycemia, postnatal growth retardation, poor weight gain, motor delay, intellectual disability (ID), microcephaly, congenital heart anomalies, palate defects, renal malformations, strabismus, hearing loss, recurrent infections, hyperinsulinism, seizures, joint hypermobility, and gastroesophageal reflux were frequent clinical findings. Facial features of over a third of patients were not typical for KS. Males were significantly more likely to be born prematurely, have shorter stature, and severe developmental delay/ID. Conclusion We expand the KDM6A variant spectrum and delineate the KS2 phenotype. We demonstrate that the variability of the KS2 phenotypic depends on sex and the variant type. We also highlight the overlaps and differences between the phenotypes of KS2 and KS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Faundes
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Laboratorio de Genética y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stephanie Goh
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rhoda Akilapa
- NW Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - Heidre Bezuidenhout
- Clinical Unit of Medical Genetics and Genetic Counselling, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hans T Bjornsson
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lisa Bradley
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Angela F Brady
- NW Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - Elise Brischoux-Boucher
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Han Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Bulk
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Natalie Canham
- NW Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK.,Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK
| | - Declan Cody
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Frances Elmslie
- SW Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Andrew E Fry
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Harinder Gill
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane Hurst
- NE Thames Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Diana Johnson
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sophie Julia
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Oncopediatry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Katherine Lachlan
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service and Division of Human Genetics, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert Roger Lebel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Medical Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Byler
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Medical Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Eric Gershon
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale New Haven Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Edmond Lemire
- Department of Pediatrics, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Maria Gnazzo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonia Marchese
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional de Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Meriel McEntagart
- SW Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Julie McGaughran
- Genetic Health Queensland c/-Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Central Hospital, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Claudine Rieubland
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Rodgers
- Genetic Health Queensland c/-Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Erina Sasaki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Hospital, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Ingrid Scurr
- Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mohnish Suri
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ineke van der Burgt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Van Den Bogaert K, Lannoo L, Brison N, Gatinois V, Baetens M, Blaumeiser B, Boemer F, Bourlard L, Bours V, De Leener A, De Rademaeker M, Désir J, Dheedene A, Duquenne A, Fieremans N, Fieuw A, Gatot JS, Grisart B, Janssens K, Janssens S, Lederer D, Marichal A, Menten B, Meunier C, Palmeira L, Pichon B, Sammels E, Smits G, Sznajer Y, Vantroys E, Devriendt K, Vermeesch JR. Outcome of publicly funded nationwide first-tier noninvasive prenatal screening. Genet Med 2021; 23:1137-1142. [PMID: 33564150 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) using cell-free DNA has transformed prenatal care. Belgium was the first country to implement and fully reimburse NIPS as a first-tier screening test offered to all pregnant women. A consortium consisting of all Belgian genetic centers report the outcome of two years genome-wide NIPS implementation. METHODS The performance for the common trisomies and for secondary findings was evaluated based on 153,575 genome-wide NIP tests. Furthermore, the evolution of the number of invasive tests and the incidence of Down syndrome live births was registered. RESULTS Trisomies 21, 18, and 13 were detected in respectively 0.32%, 0.07%, and 0.06% of cases, with overall positive predictive values (PPVs) of 92.4%, 84.6%, and 43.9%. Rare autosomal trisomies and fetal segmental imbalances were detected in respectively 0.23% and 0.07% of cases with PPVs of 4.1% and 47%. The number of invasive obstetric procedures decreased by 52%. The number of trisomy 21 live births dropped to 0.04%. CONCLUSION Expanding the scope of NIPS beyond trisomy 21 fetal screening allows the implementation of personalized genomic medicine for the obstetric population. This genome-wide NIPS approach has been embedded successfully in prenatal genetic care in Belgium and might serve as a framework for other countries offering NIPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kris Van Den Bogaert
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lore Lannoo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Brison
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent Gatinois
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Machteld Baetens
- Center for Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bettina Blaumeiser
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - François Boemer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laura Bourlard
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Bours
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne De Leener
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Julie Désir
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Annelies Dheedene
- Center for Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Armelle Duquenne
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Fieremans
- Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annelies Fieuw
- Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Stéphane Gatot
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Grisart
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Katrien Janssens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra Janssens
- Center for Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Axel Marichal
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colombine Meunier
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Leonor Palmeira
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bruno Pichon
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eva Sammels
- Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Smits
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Sznajer
- Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elise Vantroys
- Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lopergolo D, Privitera F, Castello G, Lo Rizzo C, Mencarelli MA, Pinto AM, Ariani F, Currò A, Lamacchia V, Canitano R, Vaghi E, Ferrarini A, Baltodano GM, Lederer D, Van Maldergem L, Serrano M, Pineda M, Fons-Estupina MDC, Van Esch H, Breckpot J, Kumps C, Callewaert B, Mueller S, Ramelli GP, Armstrong J, Renieri A, Mari F. IQSEC2 disorder: A new disease entity or a Rett spectrum continuum? Clin Genet 2021; 99:462-474. [PMID: 33368194 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
IQSEC2 mutations are associated with IQSEC2-related intellectual disability (ID). Phenotypic spectrum has been better defined in the last few years by the increasing number of reported cases although the genotype-phenotype relationship for IQSEC2 remains overall complex. As for IQSEC2-related ID a wide phenotypic diversity has been described in Rett syndrome (RTT). Several patients harboring IQSEC2 mutations present with clinical symptoms similar to RTT and some cases meet most of the criteria for classic RTT. With the aim of establishing a genotype-phenotype correlation, we collected data of 16 patients harboring IQSEC2 point mutations (15 of them previously unreported) and of five novel patients carrying CNVs encompassing IQSEC2. Most of our patients surprisingly shared a moderate-to-mild phenotype. The similarities in the clinical course between our mild cases and patients with milder forms of atypical RTT reinforce the hypothesis that also IQSEC2 mutated patients may lay under the wide clinical spectrum of RTT and thus IQSEC2 should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Our data confirm that position, type of variant and gender are crucial for IQSEC2-associated phenotype delineation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Lopergolo
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Caterina Lo Rizzo
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Pinto
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Ariani
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Aurora Currò
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Vittoria Lamacchia
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Roberto Canitano
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vaghi
- MAS Clinica Generale, Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Italiano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Ferrarini
- Chief Medical Genetics EOC, CSSI- Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Italiano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Damien Lederer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Centre for Human Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Mercedes Serrano
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain.,U-703 CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pineda
- Department of Neuropediatria, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Del Carmen Fons-Estupina
- U-703 CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Pediatric Neurology Department, Fetal-Neonatal Neurology Unit and Early Onset Epilepsy, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Candy Kumps
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Mueller
- Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Gian Paolo Ramelli
- Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Judith Armstrong
- Genetics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut Pediàtric de Recerca and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Mari
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Absalom NL, Liao VWY, Kothur K, Indurthi DC, Bennetts B, Troedson C, Mohammad SS, Gupta S, McGregor IS, Bowen MT, Lederer D, Mary S, De Waele L, Jansen K, Gill D, Kurian MA, McTague A, Møller RS, Ahring PK, Dale RC, Chebib M. Gain-of-function GABRB3 variants identified in vigabatrin-hypersensitive epileptic encephalopathies. Brain Commun 2020; 2:fcaa162. [PMID: 33585817 PMCID: PMC7869430 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Variants in the GABRB3 gene encoding the β3-subunit of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A ( receptor are associated with various developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. Typically, these variants cause a loss-of-function molecular phenotype whereby γ-aminobutyric acid has reduced inhibitory effectiveness leading to seizures. Drugs that potentiate inhibitory GABAergic activity, such as nitrazepam, phenobarbital or vigabatrin, are expected to compensate for this and thereby reduce seizure frequency. However, vigabatrin, a drug that inhibits γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase to increase tonic γ-aminobutyric acid currents, has mixed success in treating seizures in patients with GABRB3 variants: some patients experience seizure cessation, but there is hypersensitivity in some patients associated with hypotonia, sedation and respiratory suppression. A GABRB3 variant that responds well to vigabatrin involves a truncation variant (p.Arg194*) resulting in a clear loss-of-function. We hypothesized that patients with a hypersensitive response to vigabatrin may exhibit a different γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor phenotype. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the phenotype of de novo variants in GABRB3 (p.Glu77Lys and p.Thr287Ile) associated with patients who are clinically hypersensitive to vigabatrin. We introduced the GABRB3 p.Glu77Lys and p.Thr287Ile variants into a concatenated synaptic and extrasynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor construct, to resemble the γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor expression by a patient heterozygous for the GABRB3 variant. The mRNA of these constructs was injected into Xenopus oocytes and activation properties of each receptor measured by two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology. Results showed an atypical gain-of-function molecular phenotype in the GABRB3 p.Glu77Lys and p.Thr287Ile variants characterized by increased potency of γ-aminobutyric acid A without change to the estimated maximum open channel probability, deactivation kinetics or absolute currents. Modelling of the activation properties of the receptors indicated that either variant caused increased chloride flux in response to low concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid that mediate tonic currents. We therefore propose that the hypersensitivity reaction to vigabatrin is a result of GABRB3 variants that exacerbate GABAergic tonic currents and caution is required when prescribing vigabatrin. In contrast, drug strategies increasing tonic currents in loss-of-function variants are likely to be a safe and effective therapy. This study demonstrates that functional genomics can explain beneficial and adverse anti-epileptic drug effects, and propose that vigabatrin should be considered in patients with clear loss-of-function GABRB3 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L Absalom
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Vivian W Y Liao
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Kavitha Kothur
- Kids Neuroscience Centre at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Dinesh C Indurthi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Adolescent Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, 2145, Australia
| | - Christopher Troedson
- T.Y. Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Shekeeb S Mohammad
- Kids Neuroscience Centre at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Sachin Gupta
- T.Y. Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Iain S McGregor
- Faculty of Science, Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Michael T Bowen
- Faculty of Science, Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Damien Lederer
- Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Mary
- Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth De Waele
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KULeuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Katrien Jansen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KULeuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Deepak Gill
- Kids Neuroscience Centre at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Molecular Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Amy McTague
- Molecular Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund 4293, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Philip K Ahring
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Russell C Dale
- Kids Neuroscience Centre at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Mary Chebib
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bar C, Kuchenbuch M, Barcia G, Schneider A, Jennesson M, Le Guyader G, Lesca G, Mignot C, Montomoli M, Parrini E, Isnard H, Rolland A, Keren B, Afenjar A, Dorison N, Sadleir LG, Breuillard D, Levy R, Rio M, Dupont S, Negrin S, Danieli A, Scalais E, De Saint Martin A, El Chehadeh S, Chelly J, Poisson A, Lebre A, Nica A, Odent S, Sekhara T, Brankovic V, Goldenberg A, Vrielynck P, Lederer D, Maurey H, Terrone G, Besmond C, Hubert L, Berquin P, Billette de Villemeur T, Isidor B, Freeman JL, Mefford HC, Myers CT, Howell KB, Rodríguez‐Sacristán Cascajo A, Meyer P, Genevieve D, Guët A, Doummar D, Durigneux J, van Dooren MF, de Wit MCY, Gerard M, Marey I, Munnich A, Guerrini R, Scheffer IE, Kabashi E, Nabbout R. Developmental and epilepsy spectrum of
KCNB1
encephalopathy with long‐term outcome. Epilepsia 2020; 61:2461-2473. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.16679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP), Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Mathieu Kuchenbuch
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP), Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Giulia Barcia
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
- Department of Clinical Genetics AP‐HP, Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
| | - Amy Schneider
- Department of Medicine Epilepsy Research Centre Austin Health University of Melbourne Heidelberg Victoria Australia
| | | | - Gwenaël Le Guyader
- Department of Genetics Poitiers University Hospital CenterPoitiers Cedex France
- EA3808–NEUVACOD Neurovascular and Cognitive Disorders Unit University of Poitiers Poitiers France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Genetics Lyon Civil Hospices Lyon France
- NeuroMyoGène Institute National Center for Scientific Research Mixed Unit of Research 5310, National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1217University of LyonClaude Bernard Lyon 1 University Villeurbanne France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, U1127 National Center for Scientific Research Mixed Unit of Research 7225 Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 6 Mixed Unit of Research S1127 Brain and Spine Institute Sorbonne University Paris France
- Department of Genetics Rare Causes of Intellectual Disability Reference Center AP‐HP, Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Martino Montomoli
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics, and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories Neuroscience Department A. Meyer Children's HospitalUniversity of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Elena Parrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics, and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories Neuroscience Department A. Meyer Children's HospitalUniversity of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Hervé Isnard
- Pediatric Neurologist Medical Office Lyon France
| | - Anne Rolland
- Department of Pediatrics Nantes University Hospital Center Nantes France
| | - Boris Keren
- Department of Genetics Rare Causes of Intellectual Disability Reference Center AP‐HP, Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Department of Genetics and Medical Embryology Reference Center for Malformations and Congenital Diseases of the Cerebellum and Rare Causes of Intellectual Disabilities Sorbonne UniversityAP‐HP, Trousseau Hospital Paris France
| | - Nathalie Dorison
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Department Rothschild Foundation Hospital Paris France
- Department of Pediatric Neurology AP‐HP, Armand Trousseau HospitalSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Lynette G. Sadleir
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health University of Otago Wellington New Zealand
| | - Delphine Breuillard
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP), Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Raphael Levy
- Department of Pediatric Radiology Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
| | - Marlène Rio
- Department of Clinical Genetics AP‐HP, Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
- Laboratory of Developmental Brain Disorders National Institute of Health and Medical Research Mixed Unit of Research 1163 Imagine InstituteSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Sophie Dupont
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, U1127 National Center for Scientific Research Mixed Unit of Research 7225 Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 6 Mixed Unit of Research S1127 Brain and Spine Institute Sorbonne University Paris France
- Epileptology Unit and Rehabilitation Unit AP‐HP, Pitie‐Salpêtrière‐Charles Foix Hospital Paris France
| | - Susanna Negrin
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit Scientific InstituteIRCCS E. Medea Treviso Italy
| | - Alberto Danieli
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit Scientific InstituteIRCCS E. Medea Treviso Italy
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- Pediatric Neurology Unit Luxembourg Hospital Center Luxembourg City Luxembourg
| | - Anne De Saint Martin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Strasbourg University HospitalHautepierre Hospital Strasbourg France
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics Strasbourg University HospitalsHautepierre Hospital Strasbourg France
| | - Jamel Chelly
- Department of Medical Genetics Strasbourg University HospitalsHautepierre Hospital Strasbourg France
| | - Alice Poisson
- GénoPsy Reference Center for Diagnosis and Management of Genetic Psychiatric Disorders le Vinatier Hospital Center and EDR‐Psy Team (National Center for Scientific Research and Lyon 1 Claude Bernard University) Villeurbanne France
| | - Anne‐Sophie Lebre
- Reims University Hospital CenterMaison Blanche HospitalBiology Department Reims France
| | - Anca Nica
- Neurology Department Center for Clinical Research (CIC 1414) Rennes University Hospital Rennes France
- Laboratory of Signal ProcessingNational Institute of Health and Medical Research Mixed Unit of Research 1099 Rennes France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Reference Center for Rare Developmental Abnormalities CLAD‐Ouest Rennes University Hospital Center Rennes France
- National Center for Scientific Research Mixed Unit of Research 6290, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes (IGDR)University of Rennes Rennes France
| | - Tayeb Sekhara
- Department of Pediatric Neurology C.H.I.R.E.C Brussels Belgium
| | | | - Alice Goldenberg
- Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies and Malformation Syndromes Rouen University Hospital Center Rouen France
| | - Pascal Vrielynck
- Reference Center for Refractory Epilepsy, Catholic University of Louvain William Lennox Neurological Hospital Ottignies Belgium
| | | | - Hélène Maurey
- Department of Pediatric Neurology AP‐HP, Bicêtre University Hospital Kremlin Bicêtre France
| | - Gaetano Terrone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences Section of Pediatrics, Child Neurology Unit Federico II University Naples Italy
| | - Claude Besmond
- Translational Genetics National Institute of Health and Medical Research Mixed Unit of Research 1163Imagine InstituteUniversity of Paris Paris France
| | - Laurence Hubert
- Translational Genetics National Institute of Health and Medical Research Mixed Unit of Research 1163Imagine InstituteUniversity of Paris Paris France
| | - Patrick Berquin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Amiens‐Picardie University Hospital CenterUniversity of Picardy Jules Verne Amiens France
| | | | - Bertrand Isidor
- Department of Clinical Genetics Nantes University Hospital Center Nantes France
| | - Jeremy L. Freeman
- Departments of Neurology and Paediatrics Royal Children's Hospital University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Heather C. Mefford
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Genetic Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington United States
| | - Candace T. Myers
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Genetic Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington United States
| | - Katherine B. Howell
- Departments of Neurology and Paediatrics Royal Children's Hospital University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Andrés Rodríguez‐Sacristán Cascajo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit Department of Pediatric Virgen Macarena Hospital Seville Spain
- Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine University of Seville Seville Spain
| | - Pierre Meyer
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Montpellier University Hospital Center Montpellier France
- PhyMedExp National Institute of Health and Medical Research, U1046National Center for Scientific Research Mixed Unit of Research 9214University of Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - David Genevieve
- Department of Medical Genetics, Rare Disease, and Personalized Medicine IRMBUniversity of MontpellierNational Institute of Health and Medical ResearchMontpellier University Hospital Center Montpellier France
| | - Agnès Guët
- Department of Pediatrics Louis‐Mourier Hospital Colombes France
| | - Diane Doummar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology AP‐HP, Armand Trousseau HospitalSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Julien Durigneux
- Departments of Neurology and Paediatrics Royal Children's Hospital University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Marieke F. van Dooren
- Department of Clinical Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Marie Claire Y. de Wit
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and ENCORE Expertise Center Erasmus University Medical Center Sophia Children’s Hospital Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Marion Gerard
- Clinical Genetics Côte de Nacre University Hospital Center Caen France
| | - Isabelle Marey
- Department of Genetics Rare Causes of Intellectual Disability Reference Center AP‐HP, Pitié‐Salpêtrière HospitalSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
- Department of Clinical Genetics AP‐HP, Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics, and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories Neuroscience Department A. Meyer Children's HospitalUniversity of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Ingrid E. Scheffer
- Department of Medicine Epilepsy Research Centre Austin Health University of Melbourne Heidelberg Victoria Australia
- Departments of Neurology and Paediatrics Royal Children's Hospital University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Florey Institute of Neurosciences and Mental Health Heidelberg Victoria Australia
| | - Edor Kabashi
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
| | - Rima Nabbout
- Department of Pediatric Neurology Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP), Necker‐Enfants Malades Hospital Paris France
- Imagine Institute, Mixed Unit of Research 1163 University of ParisSorbonne University Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Muys J, Jacquemyn Y, Blaumeiser B, Bourlard L, Brison N, Bulk S, Chiarappa P, De Leener A, De Rademaeker M, Désir J, Destrée A, Devriendt K, Dheedene A, Duquenne A, Fieuw A, Fransen E, Gatot J, Jamar M, Janssens S, Kerstjens J, Keymolen K, Lederer D, Menten B, Pichon B, Rombout S, Sznajer Y, Van Den Bogaert A, Van Den Bogaert K, Vermeesch J, Janssens K. Prenatally detected copy number variants in a national cohort: A postnatal follow‐up study. Prenat Diagn 2020; 40:1272-1283. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.5751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joke Muys
- Department of Gynaecology University Hospital Antwerp Edegem Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Yves Jacquemyn
- Department of Gynaecology University Hospital Antwerp Edegem Belgium
- ASTARC and Global Health Institute Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Bettina Blaumeiser
- Department of Gynaecology University Hospital Antwerp Edegem Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Laura Bourlard
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Nathalie Brison
- Center for Medical Genetics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Saskia Bulk
- Center for Medical Genetics Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège Liege Belgium
| | - Patrizia Chiarappa
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Anne De Leener
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | | | - Julie Désir
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Anne Destrée
- Center for Medical Genetics Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies Gosselies Belgium
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Center for Medical Genetics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Armelle Duquenne
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Annelies Fieuw
- Center for Medical Genetics Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Jean‐Stéphane Gatot
- Center for Medical Genetics Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège Liege Belgium
| | - Mauricette Jamar
- Center for Medical Genetics Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège Liege Belgium
| | | | - Jorien Kerstjens
- Faculty for Medical Sciences Rijksuniversteit Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Medical Genetics Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies Gosselies Belgium
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics Universiteit Gent Gent Belgium
| | - Bruno Pichon
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Sonia Rombout
- Center for Medical Genetics Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies Gosselies Belgium
| | - Yves Sznajer
- Center for Medical Genetics Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | | | | | - Joris Vermeesch
- Center for Medical Genetics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Katrien Janssens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Aeby A, Sculier C, Bouza AA, Askar B, Lederer D, Schoonjans A, Vander Ghinst M, Ceulemans B, Offord J, Lopez‐Santiago LF, Isom LL. SCN1B-linked early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:2354-2367. [PMID: 31709768 PMCID: PMC6917350 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy (EIEE) 52 have inherited, homozygous variants in the gene SCN1B, encoding the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) β1 and β1B non-pore-forming subunits. METHODS Here, we describe the detailed electroclinical features of a biallelic SCN1B patient with a previously unreported variant, p.Arg85Cys. RESULTS The female proband showed hypotonia from birth, multifocal myoclonus at 2.5 months, then focal seizures and myoclonic status epilepticus (SE) at 3 months, triggered by fever. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) showed bilateral hearing loss. Epilepsy was refractory and the patient had virtually no development. Administration of fenfluramine resulted in a significant reduction in seizure frequency and resolution of SE episodes that persisted after a 2-year follow-up. The patient phenotype is more compatible with early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) than with typical Dravet syndrome (DS), as previously diagnosed for other patients with homozygous SCN1B variants. Biochemical and electrophysiological analyses of the SCN1B variant expressed in heterologous cells showed cell surface expression of the mutant β1 subunit, similar to wild-type (WT), but with loss of normal β1-mediated modification of human Nav 1.1-generated sodium current, suggesting that SCN1B-p.Arg85Cys is a loss-of-function (LOF) variant. INTERPRETATION Importantly, a review of the literature in light of our results suggests that the term, early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, is more appropriate than either EIEE or DS to describe biallelic SCN1B patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alec Aeby
- Pediatric NeurologyQueen Fabiola Children HospitalULBBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Alexandra A. Bouza
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI48109
| | - Brandon Askar
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI48109
| | | | | | - Marc Vander Ghinst
- ENT DepartmentULB‐Hôpital ErasmeUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)BrusselsBelgium
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du CerveauUNI – ULB Neuroscience InstituteUniversité libre de Bruxelles (ULB)BrusselsBelgium
| | | | - James Offord
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI48109
| | | | - Lori L. Isom
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI48109
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mignot C, McMahon AC, Bar C, Campeau PM, Davidson C, Buratti J, Nava C, Jacquemont ML, Tallot M, Milh M, Edery P, Marzin P, Barcia G, Barnerias C, Besmond C, Bienvenu T, Bruel AL, Brunga L, Ceulemans B, Coubes C, Cristancho AG, Cunningham F, Dehouck MB, Donner EJ, Duban-Bedu B, Dubourg C, Gardella E, Gauthier J, Geneviève D, Gobin-Limballe S, Goldberg EM, Hagebeuk E, Hamdan FF, Hančárová M, Hubert L, Ioos C, Ichikawa S, Janssens S, Journel H, Kaminska A, Keren B, Koopmans M, Lacoste C, Laššuthová P, Lederer D, Lehalle D, Marjanovic D, Métreau J, Michaud JL, Miller K, Minassian BA, Morales J, Moutard ML, Munnich A, Ortiz-Gonzalez XR, Pinard JM, Prchalová D, Putoux A, Quelin C, Rosen AR, Roume J, Rossignol E, Simon MEH, Smol T, Shur N, Shelihan I, Štěrbová K, Vyhnálková E, Vilain C, Soblet J, Smits G, Yang SP, van der Smagt JJ, van Hasselt PM, van Kempen M, Weckhuysen S, Helbig I, Villard L, Héron D, Koeleman B, Møller RS, Lesca G, Helbig KL, Nabbout R, Verbeek NE, Depienne C. Correction: IQSEC2-related encephalopathy in males and females: a comparative study including 37 novel patients. Genet Med 2019; 21:1897-1898. [PMID: 30279470 PMCID: PMC7608434 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This Article was originally published under Nature Research's License to Publish, but has now been made available under a CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the Article have been modified accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Mignot
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris, France. .,APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France.
| | - Aoife C McMahon
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Bar
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claire Davidson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julien Buratti
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | | | - Marilyn Tallot
- CHU La Reunion-Groupe Hospitalier Sud Reunion, La Reunion, France
| | - Mathieu Milh
- APHM, Hôpital d'Enfants de La Timone, Service de Neurologie Pediatrique, centre de reference deficiences intellectuelles de cause rare, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, UMR-S 1251, Faculte de medecine, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Service de Genetique, Centre de Reference Anomalies du Developpement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Marzin
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Giulia Barcia
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,APHP, Service de genetique medicale, Necker- Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Christine Barnerias
- APHP, Unite fonctionnelle de Neurologie, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Claude Besmond
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- APHP, Laboratoire de Genetique et Biologie Moleculaires, Hôpital Cochin, HUPC, Paris, France.,Universite Paris Descartes Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Inserm U894, Paris, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- FHU-TRANSLAD, Universite de Bourgogne/CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Universite de Bourgogne-Franche Comte, Dijon, France
| | - Ledia Brunga
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christine Coubes
- Departement de Genetique Medicale, Maladies rares et Medecine Personnalisee, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana G Cristancho
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fiona Cunningham
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth J Donner
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Duban-Bedu
- Centre de Genetique Chromosomique, Hôpital St-Vincent-de-Paul, GHICL, Lille, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- CHU Rennes, Service de Genetique Moleculaire et Genomique, Rennes, France
| | - Elena Gardella
- Danish Epilepsy Centre Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark.,Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Julie Gauthier
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Geneviève
- Departement de Genetique Medicale, Maladies rares et Medecine Personnalisee, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Gobin-Limballe
- APHP, Service de genetique medicale, Necker- Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Ethan M Goldberg
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eveline Hagebeuk
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, SEIN, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Fadi F Hamdan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Miroslava Hančárová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laurence Hubert
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Christine Ioos
- APHP, University Hospital of Paris ïle-de-France ouest, Raymond Poincare Hospital, Garches, France
| | - Shoji Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Janssens
- Centre for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hubert Journel
- Service de Genetique Medicale, Hôpital Chubert, Vannes, France
| | - Anna Kaminska
- APHP, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Marije Koopmans
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Lacoste
- Departement de Genetique Medicale, APHM, Hopital d'Enfants de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Petra Laššuthová
- Child Neurology Department, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Genetique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Genetique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- FHU-TRANSLAD, Universite de Bourgogne/CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Unite fonctionnelle de genetique clinique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Creteil, Creteil, France
| | | | - Julia Métreau
- APHP, Service de neurologie pediatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathryn Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Berge A Minassian
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joannella Morales
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marie-Laure Moutard
- APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, service de neuropediatrie, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universite, GRC n°19, pathologies Congenitales du Cervelet-LeucoDystrophies, APHP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,APHP, Service de genetique medicale, Necker- Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Marc Pinard
- Division of Neuropediatrics, CHU Raymond Poincare (APHP), Garches, France
| | - Darina Prchalová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Audrey Putoux
- Service de Genetique, Centre de Reference Anomalies du Developpement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Quelin
- Service de Genetique Medicale, CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Alyssa R Rosen
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joelle Roume
- Unite de Genetique Medicale, Centre de Reference des Maladies rares du Developpement (AnD DI Rares), CHI Poissy-St Germain en Laye, Poissy, France
| | - Elsa Rossignol
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosciences, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marleen E H Simon
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Smol
- Institut de Genetique Medicale, CHRU Lille, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Natasha Shur
- Department of Pediatrics, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ivan Shelihan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katalin Štěrbová
- Child Neurology Department, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Emílie Vyhnálková
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Soblet
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Smits
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel P Yang
- Clinical Genomics & Predictive Medicine, Providence Medical Group, Dayton, WA, USA
| | | | - Peter M van Hasselt
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Kempen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neurology Department, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laurent Villard
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, UMR-S 1251, Faculte de medecine, Marseille, France.,Departement de Genetique Medicale, APHM, Hopital d'Enfants de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Bobby Koeleman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rikke S Møller
- CHU Rennes, Service de Genetique Moleculaire et Genomique, Rennes, France.,Danish Epilepsy Centre Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Service de Genetique, Centre de Reference Anomalies du Developpement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rima Nabbout
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Nienke E Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christel Depienne
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris, France. .,IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Universite de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
van der Sluijs PJ, Jansen S, Vergano SA, Adachi-Fukuda M, Alanay Y, AlKindy A, Baban A, Bayat A, Beck-Wödl S, Berry K, Bijlsma EK, Bok LA, Brouwer AFJ, van der Burgt I, Campeau PM, Canham N, Chrzanowska K, Chu YWY, Chung BHY, Dahan K, De Rademaeker M, Destree A, Dudding-Byth T, Earl R, Elcioglu N, Elias ER, Fagerberg C, Gardham A, Gener B, Gerkes EH, Grasshoff U, van Haeringen A, Heitink KR, Herkert JC, den Hollander NS, Horn D, Hunt D, Kant SG, Kato M, Kayserili H, Kersseboom R, Kilic E, Krajewska-Walasek M, Lammers K, Laulund LW, Lederer D, Lees M, López-González V, Maas S, Mancini GMS, Marcelis C, Martinez F, Maystadt I, McGuire M, McKee S, Mehta S, Metcalfe K, Milunsky J, Mizuno S, Moeschler JB, Netzer C, Ockeloen CW, Oehl-Jaschkowitz B, Okamoto N, Olminkhof SNM, Orellana C, Pasquier L, Pottinger C, Riehmer V, Robertson SP, Roifman M, Rooryck C, Ropers FG, Rosello M, Ruivenkamp CAL, Sagiroglu MS, Sallevelt SCEH, Calvo AS, Simsek-Kiper PO, Soares G, Solaeche L, Sonmez FM, Splitt M, Steenbeek D, Stegmann APA, Stumpel CTRM, Tanabe S, Uctepe E, Utine GE, Veenstra-Knol HE, Venkateswaran S, Vilain C, Vincent-Delorme C, Vulto-van Silfhout AT, Wheeler P, Wilson GN, Wilson LC, Wollnik B, Kosho T, Wieczorek D, Eichler E, Pfundt R, de Vries BBA, Clayton-Smith J, Santen GWE. Correction: The ARID1B spectrum in 143 patients: from nonsyndromic intellectual disability to Coffin-Siris syndrome. Genet Med 2019; 21:2160-2161. [PMID: 30696996 PMCID: PMC6752317 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Jansen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha A Vergano
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Miho Adachi-Fukuda
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Genetics Unit, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adila AlKindy
- Department of Genetics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Anwar Baban
- Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Department, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Allan Bayat
- Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefanie Beck-Wödl
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katherine Berry
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shodair Hospital, Helena, MT, USA
| | - Emilia K Bijlsma
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Levinus A Bok
- Department of Pediatrics, Màxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alwin F J Brouwer
- Department of Paediatrics, Nij Smellinghe Hospital, Drachten, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke van der Burgt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalie Canham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom.,Cheshire and Merseyside Regional Genetics Service, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Crown Street, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Krystyna Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yoyo W Y Chu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Brain H Y Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Karin Dahan
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Anne Destree
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Tracy Dudding-Byth
- Hunter Genetics and University of Newcastle, GrowUpWell Priority Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rachel Earl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nursel Elcioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Pendik Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ellen R Elias
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christina Fagerberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alice Gardham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Gener
- Department of Genetics, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Vizcayam, Spain
| | - Erica H Gerkes
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ute Grasshoff
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arie van Haeringen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karin R Heitink
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna C Herkert
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Denise Horn
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Hunt
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sarina G Kant
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mitsuhiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine (KUSoM), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Rogier Kersseboom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esra Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hematology Oncology Research & Training Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Kylin Lammers
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Lone W Laulund
- Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Melissa Lees
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vanesa López-González
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERERISCIII, Murcia, Spain
| | - Saskia Maas
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Marcelis
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco Martinez
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marianne McGuire
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shane McKee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Ireland
| | - Sarju Mehta
- East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - John B Moeschler
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Christian Netzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Charlotte W Ockeloen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sharon N M Olminkhof
- Willem Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Orellana
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- CRMR Déficiences intellectuelles, Service de Génétique Médicale, CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Caroline Pottinger
- All Wales Medical Genetics Service, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Vera Riehmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Maian Roifman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Fabienne G Ropers
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Rosello
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Claudia A L Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Suzanne C E H Sallevelt
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pelin O Simsek-Kiper
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gabriela Soares
- Jacinto de Magalhães Medical Genetics Center, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucia Solaeche
- Departamento de neurometabólicas, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Fatma Mujgan Sonmez
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Child Neurology, Retired Professor, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Institute of Genetics Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Duco Steenbeek
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Constance T R M Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Saori Tanabe
- Division of Pediatrics, Yamagata Prefectural and Sakata Munici pal Hospital Organization Nihon-Kai General Hospital, Sakata, Japan
| | | | - G Eda Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hermine E Veenstra-Knol
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sunita Venkateswaran
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Medical Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme. ULB Center of Medical Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Anneke T Vulto-van Silfhout
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Golder N Wilson
- KinderGenome Genetics, Medical City Hospital Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Louise C Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Evan Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gijs W E Santen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Muys J, Blaumeiser B, Jacquemyn Y, Bandelier C, Brison N, Bulk S, Chiarappa P, Courtens W, De Leener A, De Rademaeker M, Désir J, Destrée A, Devriendt K, Dheedene A, Fieuw A, Fransen E, Gatot JS, Holmgren P, Jamar M, Janssens S, Keymolen K, Lederer D, Menten B, Meuwissen M, Parmentier B, Pichon B, Rombout S, Sznajer Y, Van Den Bogaert A, Van Den Bogaert K, Vanakker O, Vermeesch J, Janssens K. The Belgian MicroArray Prenatal (BEMAPRE) database: A systematic nationwide repository of fetal genomic aberrations. Prenat Diagn 2018; 38:1120-1128. [PMID: 30334587 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the replacement of karyotyping by chromosomal microarray (CMA) in invasive prenatal diagnosis, new challenges have arisen. By building a national database, we standardize the classification and reporting of prenatally detected copy number variants (CNVs) across Belgian genetic centers. This database, which will link genetic and ultrasound findings with postnatal development, forms a unique resource to investigate the pathogenicity of variants of uncertain significance and to refine the phenotypic spectrum of pathogenic and susceptibility CNVs. METHODS The Belgian MicroArray Prenatal (BEMAPRE) consortium is a collaboration of all genetic centers in Belgium. We collected data from all invasive prenatal procedures performed between May 2013 and July 2016. RESULTS In this three-year period, 13 266 prenatal CMAs were performed. By national agreement, a limited number of susceptibility CNVs and no variants of uncertain significance were reported. Added values for using CMA versus conventional karyotyping were 1.8% in the general invasive population and 2.7% in cases with an ultrasound anomaly. Of the reported CNVs, 31.5% would have remained undetected with non-invasive prenatal test as the first-tier test. CONCLUSION The establishment of a national database for prenatal CNV data allows for a uniform reporting policy and the investigation of the prenatal and postnatal genotype-phenotype correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joke Muys
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bettina Blaumeiser
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Yves Jacquemyn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Claude Bandelier
- Center for Medical Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Brison
- Center for Medical Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saskia Bulk
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Chiarappa
- Center for Medical Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Winnie Courtens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne De Leener
- Center for Medical Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marjan De Rademaeker
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Désir
- Center for Medical Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Destrée
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Center for Medical Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Annelies Fieuw
- Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Stéphane Gatot
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philip Holmgren
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mauricette Jamar
- Center for Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sandra Janssens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathelijn Keymolen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marije Meuwissen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benoit Parmentier
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Bruno Pichon
- Center for Medical Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sonia Rombout
- Center for Medical Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique Gosselies, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Yves Sznajer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Joris Vermeesch
- Center for Medical Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Janssens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
van der Sluijs PJ, Jansen S, Vergano SA, Adachi-Fukuda M, Alanay Y, AlKindy A, Baban A, Bayat A, Beck-Wödl S, Berry K, Bijlsma EK, Bok LA, Brouwer AFJ, van der Burgt I, Campeau PM, Canham N, Chrzanowska K, Chu YWY, Chung BHY, Dahan K, De Rademaeker M, Destree A, Dudding-Byth T, Earl R, Elcioglu N, Elias ER, Fagerberg C, Gardham A, Gener B, Gerkes EH, Grasshoff U, van Haeringen A, Heitink KR, Herkert JC, den Hollander NS, Horn D, Hunt D, Kant SG, Kato M, Kayserili H, Kersseboom R, Kilic E, Krajewska-Walasek M, Lammers K, Laulund LW, Lederer D, Lees M, López-González V, Maas S, Mancini GMS, Marcelis C, Martinez F, Maystadt I, McGuire M, McKee S, Mehta S, Metcalfe K, Milunsky J, Mizuno S, Moeschler JB, Netzer C, Ockeloen CW, Oehl-Jaschkowitz B, Okamoto N, Olminkhof SNM, Orellana C, Pasquier L, Pottinger C, Riehmer V, Robertson SP, Roifman M, Rooryck C, Ropers FG, Rosello M, Ruivenkamp CAL, Sagiroglu MS, Sallevelt SCEH, Sanchis Calvo A, Simsek-Kiper PO, Soares G, Solaeche L, Sonmez FM, Splitt M, Steenbeek D, Stegmann APA, Stumpel CTRM, Tanabe S, Uctepe E, Utine GE, Veenstra-Knol HE, Venkateswaran S, Vilain C, Vincent-Delorme C, Vulto-van Silfhout AT, Wheeler P, Wilson GN, Wilson LC, Wollnik B, Kosho T, Wieczorek D, Eichler E, Pfundt R, de Vries BBA, Clayton-Smith J, Santen GWE. The ARID1B spectrum in 143 patients: from nonsyndromic intellectual disability to Coffin-Siris syndrome. Genet Med 2018; 21:1295-1307. [PMID: 30349098 PMCID: PMC6752273 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pathogenic variants in ARID1B are one of the most frequent causes of intellectual disability (ID) as determined by large-scale exome sequencing studies. Most studies published thus far describe clinically diagnosed Coffin–Siris patients (ARID1B-CSS) and it is unclear whether these data are representative for patients identified through sequencing of unbiased ID cohorts (ARID1B-ID). We therefore sought to determine genotypic and phenotypic differences between ARID1B-ID and ARID1B-CSS. In parallel, we investigated the effect of different methods of phenotype reporting. Methods Clinicians entered clinical data in an extensive web-based survey. Results 79 ARID1B-CSS and 64 ARID1B-ID patients were included. CSS-associated dysmorphic features, such as thick eyebrows, long eyelashes, thick alae nasi, long and/or broad philtrum, small nails and small or absent fifth distal phalanx and hypertrichosis, were observed significantly more often (p < 0.001) in ARID1B-CSS patients. No other significant differences were identified. Conclusion There are only minor differences between ARID1B-ID and ARID1B-CSS patients. ARID1B-related disorders seem to consist of a spectrum, and patients should be managed similarly. We demonstrated that data collection methods without an explicit option to report the absence of a feature (such as most Human Phenotype Ontology-based methods) tended to underestimate gene-related features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Jansen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha A Vergano
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Miho Adachi-Fukuda
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Genetics Unit, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adila AlKindy
- Department of Genetics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Anwar Baban
- Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Department, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Allan Bayat
- Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefanie Beck-Wödl
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katherine Berry
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shodair Hospital, Helena, MT, USA
| | - Emilia K Bijlsma
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Levinus A Bok
- Department of Pediatrics, Màxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alwin F J Brouwer
- Department of Paediatrics, Nij Smellinghe Hospital, Drachten, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke van der Burgt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalie Canham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom.,Cheshire and Merseyside Regional Genetics Service, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Crown Street, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Krystyna Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yoyo W Y Chu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Brain H Y Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Karin Dahan
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Anne Destree
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Tracy Dudding-Byth
- Hunter Genetics and University of Newcastle, GrowUpWell Priority Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rachel Earl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nursel Elcioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Pendik Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ellen R Elias
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christina Fagerberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alice Gardham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Gener
- Department of Genetics, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Vizcayam, Spain
| | - Erica H Gerkes
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ute Grasshoff
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arie van Haeringen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karin R Heitink
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna C Herkert
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Denise Horn
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Hunt
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sarina G Kant
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mitsuhiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine (KUSoM), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Rogier Kersseboom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esra Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hematology Oncology Research & Training Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Kylin Lammers
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Lone W Laulund
- Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Melissa Lees
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vanesa López-González
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERER-ISCIII, Murcia, Spain
| | - Saskia Maas
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Marcelis
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco Martinez
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marianne McGuire
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shane McKee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Ireland
| | - Sarju Mehta
- East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - John B Moeschler
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Christian Netzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Charlotte W Ockeloen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sharon N M Olminkhof
- Willem Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Orellana
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- CRMR Déficiences intellectuelles, Service de Génétique Médicale, CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Caroline Pottinger
- All Wales Medical Genetics Service, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Vera Riehmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Maian Roifman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Fabienne G Ropers
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Rosello
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Claudia A L Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Suzanne C E H Sallevelt
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pelin O Simsek-Kiper
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gabriela Soares
- Jacinto de Magalhães Medical Genetics Center, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucia Solaeche
- Departamento de neurometabólicas, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Fatma Mujgan Sonmez
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Child Neurology, Retired Professor, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Institute of Genetics Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Duco Steenbeek
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Constance T R M Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Saori Tanabe
- Division of Pediatrics, Yamagata Prefectural and Sakata Munici pal Hospital Organization Nihon-Kai General Hospital, Sakata, Japan
| | | | - G Eda Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hermine E Veenstra-Knol
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sunita Venkateswaran
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Medical Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme. ULB Center of Medical Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Anneke T Vulto-van Silfhout
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Golder N Wilson
- KinderGenome Genetics, Medical City Hospital Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Louise C Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Evan Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gijs W E Santen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Leclercq V, Benoit V, Lederer D, Delaunoy M, Ruiz M, de Halleux C, Robaux O, Wanty C, Maystadt I. Case report: An infantile lethal form of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy due to a GNAS mutation. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:1933-1940. [PMID: 30349702 PMCID: PMC6186887 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline loss-of-function GNAS mutations are associated with multiple phenotypes, depending on the parental origin of the mutant allele. Here, we describe an infantile lethal form of atypical pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a or 1c with severe Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy phenotype, underlying the extremely variable expressivity of this syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Leclercq
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| | | | - Marcela Ruiz
- Département de PédiatrieGrand Hôpital de CharleroiCharleroiBelgium
| | | | - Olivier Robaux
- Département de PédiatrieGrand Hôpital de CharleroiCharleroiBelgium
| | - Catherine Wanty
- Département de PédiatrieGrand Hôpital de CharleroiCharleroiBelgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique HumaineInstitut de Pathologie et de GénétiqueGosseliesBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mignot C, McMahon AC, Bar C, Campeau PM, Davidson C, Buratti J, Nava C, Jacquemont ML, Tallot M, Milh M, Edery P, Marzin P, Barcia G, Barnerias C, Besmond C, Bienvenu T, Bruel AL, Brunga L, Ceulemans B, Coubes C, Cristancho AG, Cunningham F, Dehouck MB, Donner EJ, Duban-Bedu B, Dubourg C, Gardella E, Gauthier J, Geneviève D, Gobin-Limballe S, Goldberg EM, Hagebeuk E, Hamdan FF, Hančárová M, Hubert L, Ioos C, Ichikawa S, Janssens S, Journel H, Kaminska A, Keren B, Koopmans M, Lacoste C, Laššuthová P, Lederer D, Lehalle D, Marjanovic D, Métreau J, Michaud JL, Miller K, Minassian BA, Morales J, Moutard ML, Munnich A, Ortiz-Gonzalez XR, Pinard JM, Prchalová D, Putoux A, Quelin C, Rosen AR, Roume J, Rossignol E, Simon MEH, Smol T, Shur N, Shelihan I, Štěrbová K, Vyhnálková E, Vilain C, Soblet J, Smits G, Yang SP, van der Smagt JJ, van Hasselt PM, van Kempen M, Weckhuysen S, Helbig I, Villard L, Héron D, Koeleman B, Møller RS, Lesca G, Helbig KL, Nabbout R, Verbeek NE, Depienne C. IQSEC2-related encephalopathy in males and females: a comparative study including 37 novel patients. Genet Med 2018; 21:837-849. [PMID: 30206421 PMCID: PMC6752297 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Variants in IQSEC2, escaping X inactivation, cause X-linked intellectual disability with frequent epilepsy in males and females. We aimed to investigate sex-specific differences. Methods We collected the data of 37 unpublished patients (18 males and 19 females) with IQSEC2 pathogenic variants and 5 individuals with variants of unknown significance and reviewed published variants. We compared variant types and phenotypes in males and females and performed an analysis of IQSEC2 isoforms. Results IQSEC2 pathogenic variants mainly led to premature truncation and were scattered throughout the longest brain-specific isoform, encoding the synaptic IQSEC2/BRAG1 protein. Variants occurred de novo in females but were either de novo (2/3) or inherited (1/3) in males, with missense variants being predominantly inherited. Developmental delay and intellectual disability were overall more severe in males than in females. Likewise, seizures were more frequently observed and intractable, and started earlier in males than in females. No correlation was observed between the age at seizure onset and severity of intellectual disability or resistance to antiepileptic treatments. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive overview of IQSEC2-related encephalopathy in males and females, and suggests that an accurate dosage of IQSEC2 at the synapse is crucial during normal brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Mignot
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris, France. .,APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares; GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France.
| | - Aoife C McMahon
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Bar
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claire Davidson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julien Buratti
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares; GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares; GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | | | - Marilyn Tallot
- CHU La Reunion-Groupe Hospitalier Sud Reunion, La Reunion, France
| | - Mathieu Milh
- APHM, Hôpital d'Enfants de La Timone, Service de Neurologie Pediatrique, centre de reference deficiences intellectuelles de cause rare, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, UMR-S 1251, Faculte de medecine, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Service de Genetique, Centre de Reference Anomalies du Developpement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Marzin
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares; GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Giulia Barcia
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,APHP, Service de genetique medicale, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Christine Barnerias
- APHP, Unite fonctionnelle de Neurologie, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Claude Besmond
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- APHP, Laboratoire de Genetique et Biologie Moleculaires, Hôpital Cochin, HUPC, Paris, France.,Universite Paris Descartes Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Inserm U894, Paris, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- FHU-TRANSLAD, Universite de Bourgogne/CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental disorders, Universite de Bourgogne-Franche Comte, Dijon, France
| | - Ledia Brunga
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christine Coubes
- Departement de Genetique Medicale, Maladies rares et Medecine Personnalisee, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana G Cristancho
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fiona Cunningham
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth J Donner
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bénédicte Duban-Bedu
- Centre de Genetique Chromosomique, Hôpital St-Vincent-de-Paul, GHICL, Lille, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- CHU Rennes, Service de Genetique Moleculaire et Genomique, Rennes, France
| | - Elena Gardella
- Danish Epilepsy Centre Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark.,Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Julie Gauthier
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Geneviève
- Departement de Genetique Medicale, Maladies rares et Medecine Personnalisee, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Gobin-Limballe
- APHP, Service de genetique medicale, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Ethan M Goldberg
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eveline Hagebeuk
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, SEIN, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Fadi F Hamdan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Miroslava Hančárová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laurence Hubert
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Christine Ioos
- APHP, University Hospital of Paris ïle-de-France ouest, Raymond Poincare Hospital, Garches, France
| | - Shoji Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Janssens
- Centre for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hubert Journel
- Service de Genetique Medicale, Hôpital Chubert, Vannes, France
| | - Anna Kaminska
- APHP, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares; GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Marije Koopmans
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Lacoste
- Departement de Genetique Medicale, APHM, Hopital d'Enfants de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Petra Laššuthová
- Child Neurology Department, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Genetique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Genetique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- FHU-TRANSLAD, Universite de Bourgogne/CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Unite fonctionnelle de genetique clinique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Creteil, Creteil, France
| | | | - Julia Métreau
- APHP, Service de neurologie pediatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathryn Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Berge A Minassian
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joannella Morales
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marie-Laure Moutard
- APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, service de neuropediatrie, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universite, GRC n°19, pathologies Congenitales du Cervelet-LeucoDystrophies, APHP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,APHP, Service de genetique medicale, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Marc Pinard
- Division of Neuropediatrics, CHU Raymond Poincare (APHP), Garches, France
| | - Darina Prchalová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Audrey Putoux
- Service de Genetique, Centre de Reference Anomalies du Developpement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Quelin
- Service de Genetique Medicale, CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Alyssa R Rosen
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joelle Roume
- Unite de Genetique Medicale, Centre de Reference des Maladies rares du Developpement (AnD DI Rares), CHI Poissy-St Germain en Laye, Poissy, France
| | - Elsa Rossignol
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosciences, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marleen E H Simon
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Smol
- Institut de Genetique Medicale, CHRU Lille, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Natasha Shur
- Department of Pediatrics, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ivan Shelihan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katalin Štěrbová
- Child Neurology Department, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Emílie Vyhnálková
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Soblet
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Smits
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel P Yang
- Clinical Genomics & Predictive Medicine, Providence Medical Group, Dayton, WA, USA
| | | | - Peter M van Hasselt
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Kempen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neurology Department, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laurent Villard
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, UMR-S 1251, Faculte de medecine, Marseille, France.,Departement de Genetique Medicale, APHM, Hopital d'Enfants de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- APHP, Hôpital Pitie-Salpetriere, Departement de Genetique et de Cytogenetique; Centre de Reference Deficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares; GRC UPMC «Deficience Intellectuelle et Autisme», Paris, France
| | - Bobby Koeleman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rikke S Møller
- CHU Rennes, Service de Genetique Moleculaire et Genomique, Rennes, France.,Danish Epilepsy Centre Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Service de Genetique, Centre de Reference Anomalies du Developpement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rima Nabbout
- APHP, Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Nienke E Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christel Depienne
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, ICM, Paris, France. .,IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Universite de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Niederseer D, Stadlmayr A, Huber-Schoenauer U, Lederer D, Schmied CM, Ploederl M, Aigner E, Patsch W, Datz C. P1552High cardiovascular risk is associated with the degree of fibrosis in non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Niederseer
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Stadlmayr
- General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Internal Medicine, Oberndorf, Austria
| | - U Huber-Schoenauer
- General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Internal Medicine, Oberndorf, Austria
| | - D Lederer
- General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Internal Medicine, Oberndorf, Austria
| | - C M Schmied
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Ploederl
- Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - E Aigner
- Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - W Patsch
- Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Datz
- General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Internal Medicine, Oberndorf, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lehalle D, Altunoglu U, Bruel AL, Arnaud E, Blanchet P, Choi JW, Désir J, Kiliç E, Lederer D, Pinson L, Thauvin-Robinet C, Singer A, Thevenon J, Callier P, Kayserili H, Faivre L. Clinical delineation of a subtype of frontonasal dysplasia with creased nasal ridge and upper limb anomalies: Report of six unrelated patients. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 173:3136-3142. [PMID: 29136349 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Frontonasal dysplasias are rare congenital malformations of frontonasal process-derived structures, characterized by median cleft, nasal anomalies, widely spaced eyes, and cranium bifidum occultum. Several entities of syndromic frontonasal dysplasia have been described, among which, to date, only a few have identified molecular bases. We clinically ascertained a cohort of 124 individuals referred for frontonasal dysplasia. We identified six individuals with a similar phenotype, including one discordant monozygous twin. Facial features were remarkable by nasal deformity with creased ridge and depressed or absent tip, widely spaced eyes, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, and downturned corners of the mouth. All had apparently normal psychomotor development. In addition, upper limb anomalies, frontonasal encephalocele, corpus callosum agenesis, choanal atresia, and congenital heart defect were observed. We identified five reports in the literature of patients presenting with the same phenotype. Exome sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from blood of two individuals, no candidate gene was identified. In conclusion, we report six novel simplex individuals presenting with a specific frontonasal dysplasia entity associating recognizable facial features, limb and visceral malformations, and apparently normal development. The identification of discordant monozygotic twins supports the hypothesis of a mosaic disorder. Although previous patients have been reported, this is the first series, allowing delineation of a clinical subtype of frontonasal dysplasia, paving the way toward the identification of its molecular etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Lehalle
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Umut Altunoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Arnaud
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Blanchet
- Genetic Departement for Rare Disease and Personalised Medicine, Clinical Division, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jong-Woo Choi
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Julie Désir
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Esra Kiliç
- Pediatric Genetics, Pediatric Hematology Oncology Research & Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Lucile Pinson
- Genetic Departement for Rare Disease and Personalised Medicine, Clinical Division, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Amihood Singer
- Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Hulya Kayserili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine (KUSoM), Zeytinburnu, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Equipe GAD, INSERM LNC UMR 1231, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Moortgat S, Lederer D, Deprez M, Buzatu M, Clapuyt P, Boulanger S, Benoit V, Mary S, Guichet A, Ziegler A, Colin E, Bonneau D, Maystadt I. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum associated with OPHN1 mutations: Report of 17 individuals with intellectual disability but no cerebellar hypoplasia. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:442-450. [PMID: 29510240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the oligophrenin 1 gene (OPHN1) have been identified in patients with X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) associated with cerebellar hypoplasia and ventriculomegaly, suggesting it could be a recognizable syndromic intellectual disability (ID). Affected individuals share additional clinical features including speech delay, seizures, strabismus, behavioral difficulties, and slight facial dysmorphism. OPHN1 is located in Xq12 and encodes a Rho-GTPase-activating protein involved in the regulation of the G-protein cycle. Rho protein members play an important role in dendritic growth and in plasticity of excitatory synapses. Here we report on 17 individuals from four unrelated families affected by mild to severe intellectual disability due to OPHN1 mutations without cerebellar anomaly on brain MRI. We describe clinical, genetic and neuroimaging data of affected patients. Among the identified OPHN1 mutations, we report for the first time a missense mutation occurring in a mosaic state. We discuss the intrafamilial clinical variability of the disease and compare our patients with those previously reported. We emphasize the power of next generation techniques (X-exome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and targeted multi-gene panel) to expand the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of OPHN1-related ID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Moortgat
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marie Deprez
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium; Département de Neuro-pédiatrie, Clinique Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marga Buzatu
- Département de Neuro-pédiatrie, Hôpital Civil Marie Curie, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Philippe Clapuyt
- Department of Radiology, Pediatric Imaging Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Boulanger
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Mary
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Agnès Guichet
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, and UMR INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, and UMR INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Estelle Colin
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, and UMR INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, and UMR INSERM 1083, CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mathot M, Lederer D, Gerard S, Gueulette E, Deprez M. [PRRT2 mutation and infantile convulsions]. Arch Pediatr 2017; 24:1010-1012. [PMID: 28870817 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
New genetic techniques have made it possible to better understand the implications of the PRRT2 gene (proline rich transmembrane protein 2) in various neurological disorders. Mutations within this gene are responsible for kinesigenic paroxysmal dyskinesias (PKD) as well as for benign familial infantile epilepsy (BFIE), a disease associating infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis (ICCA), a form of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM type 4), paroxysmal benign torticollis of childhood, and episodic ataxia. We describe the case of an infant, carrying a mutation of the PRRT2 gene, with a classical presentation. Through her progression over time, we raise the question of systematic use of anti-epileptic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mathot
- Service de neuropédiatrie CHU UCL-Namur, place L.-Godin, 15, 5000 Namur, Belgique.
| | - D Lederer
- Institut de pathologie et de génétique, avenue G.-Lemaître, 25, 6041 Charleroi, Belgique
| | - S Gerard
- Service de neuropédiatrie CHU UCL-Namur, place L.-Godin, 15, 5000 Namur, Belgique
| | - E Gueulette
- Service de pédiatrie, CHU UCL-Namur, place L.-Godin, 15, 5000 Namur, Belgique
| | - M Deprez
- Service de neuropédiatrie CHU UCL-Namur, place L.-Godin, 15, 5000 Namur, Belgique; Institut de pathologie et de génétique, avenue G.-Lemaître, 25, 6041 Charleroi, Belgique
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Meerschaut I, Rochefort D, Revençu N, Pètre J, Corsello C, Rouleau GA, Hamdan FF, Michaud JL, Morton J, Radley J, Ragge N, García-Miñaúr S, Lapunzina P, Bralo MP, Mori MÁ, Moortgat S, Benoit V, Mary S, Bockaert N, Oostra A, Vanakker O, Velinov M, de Ravel TJ, Mekahli D, Sebat J, Vaux KK, DiDonato N, Hanson-Kahn AK, Hudgins L, Dallapiccola B, Novelli A, Tarani L, Andrieux J, Parker MJ, Neas K, Ceulemans B, Schoonjans AS, Prchalova D, Havlovicova M, Hancarova M, Budisteanu M, Dheedene A, Menten B, Dion PA, Lederer D, Callewaert B. FOXP1-related intellectual disability syndrome: a recognisable entity. J Med Genet 2017; 54:613-623. [PMID: 28735298 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in forkhead box protein P1 (FOXP1) cause intellectual disability (ID) and specific language impairment (SLI), with or without autistic features (MIM: 613670). Despite multiple case reports no specific phenotype emerged so far. METHODS We correlate clinical and molecular data of 25 novel and 23 previously reported patients with FOXP1 defects. We evaluated FOXP1 activity by an in vitro luciferase model and assessed protein stability in vitro by western blotting. RESULTS Patients show ID, SLI, neuromotor delay (NMD) and recurrent facial features including a high broad forehead, bent downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis and/or blepharophimosis and a bulbous nasal tip. Behavioural problems and autistic features are common. Brain, cardiac and urogenital malformations can be associated. More severe ID and NMD, sensorineural hearing loss and feeding difficulties are more common in patients with interstitial 3p deletions (14 patients) versus patients with monogenic FOXP1 defects (34 patients). Mutations result in impaired transcriptional repression and/or reduced protein stability. CONCLUSIONS FOXP1-related ID syndrome is a recognisable entity with a wide clinical spectrum and frequent systemic involvement. Our data will be helpful to evaluate genotype-phenotype correlations when interpreting next-generation sequencing data obtained in patients with ID and/or SLI and will guide clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Meerschaut
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel Rochefort
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicole Revençu
- Centre de Génétique humaine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justine Pètre
- Centre de Génétique humaine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fadi F Hamdan
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jenny Morton
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jessica Radley
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Nicola Ragge
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Sixto García-Miñaúr
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Palomares Bralo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Ángeles Mori
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stéphanie Moortgat
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Mary
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Nele Bockaert
- Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Oostra
- Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vanakker
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Milen Velinov
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Thomy Jl de Ravel
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Sebat
- Beyster Center for Genomics of Psychiatric Diseases, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Keith K Vaux
- Departments of Medicine and Neurosciences, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, USA
| | - Nataliya DiDonato
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Andrea K Hanson-Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA
| | - Louanne Hudgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Joris Andrieux
- Institut de Génétique Médicale, Hospital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - Michael J Parker
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Neurology-Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - An-Sofie Schoonjans
- Department of Neurology-Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Darina Prchalova
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech
| | - Marketa Havlovicova
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech
| | - Miroslava Hancarova
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech
| | - Magdalena Budisteanu
- Psychiatry Research Laboratory, Prof Dr Alexandru Obregia Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, Bercini, Romania
| | - Annelies Dheedene
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick A Dion
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Régal L, Mårtensson E, Maystadt I, Voermans N, Lederer D, Burlina A, Juan Fita MJ, Hoogeboom AJM, Olsson Engman M, Hollemans T, Schouten M, Meulemans S, Jonson T, François I, Gil Ortega D, Kamsteeg EJ, Creemers JWM. PREPL deficiency: delineation of the phenotype and development of a functional blood assay. Genet Med 2017; 20:109-118. [PMID: 28726805 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposePREPL deficiency causes neonatal hypotonia, ptosis, neonatal feeding difficulties, childhood obesity, xerostomia, and growth hormone deficiency. Different recessive contiguous gene deletion syndromes involving PREPL and a variable combination of SLC3A1 (hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome), CAMKMT (atypical hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome), and PPM1B (2p21 deletion syndrome) have been described. In isolated PREPL deficiency, previously described only once, the absence of cystinuria complicates the diagnosis. Therefore, we developed a PREPL blood assay and further delineated the phenotype.MethodsClinical features of new subjects with PREPL deficiency were recorded. The presence of PREPL in lymphocytes and its reactivity with an activity-based probe were evaluated by western blot.ResultsFive subjects with isolated PREPL deficiency, three with hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome, and two with atypical hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome had nine novel alleles. Their IQs ranged from 64 to 112. Adult neuromuscular signs included ptosis, nasal dysarthria, facial weakness, and variable proximal and neck flexor weakness. Autonomic features are prevalent. PREPL protein and reactivity were absent in lymphocytes from subjects with PREPL deficiency, but normal in the clinically similar Prader-Willi syndrome.ConclusionPREPL deficiency causes neuromuscular, autonomic, cognitive, endocrine, and dysmorphic clinical features. PREPL is not deficient in Prader-Willi syndrome. The novel blood test should facilitate the confirmation of PREPL deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Régal
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emma Mårtensson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Region Skåne and Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nicol Voermans
- Department of Neurology, RadboudUMC Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - María Jesús Juan Fita
- Unidad de Metabolopatías, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Jeannette M Hoogeboom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tess Hollemans
- Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Meyke Schouten
- Department of Clinical Genetics, RadboudUMC Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Meulemans
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tord Jonson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Region Skåne and Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inge François
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Gil Ortega
- Unidad de Metabolopatías, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, RadboudUMC Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John W M Creemers
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wolff M, Johannesen KM, Hedrich UBS, Masnada S, Rubboli G, Gardella E, Lesca G, Ville D, Milh M, Villard L, Afenjar A, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Mignot C, Lardennois C, Nava C, Schwarz N, Gérard M, Perrin L, Doummar D, Auvin S, Miranda MJ, Hempel M, Brilstra E, Knoers N, Verbeek N, van Kempen M, Braun KP, Mancini G, Biskup S, Hörtnagel K, Döcker M, Bast T, Loddenkemper T, Wong-Kisiel L, Baumeister FM, Fazeli W, Striano P, Dilena R, Fontana E, Zara F, Kurlemann G, Klepper J, Thoene JG, Arndt DH, Deconinck N, Schmitt-Mechelke T, Maier O, Muhle H, Wical B, Finetti C, Brückner R, Pietz J, Golla G, Jillella D, Linnet KM, Charles P, Moog U, Õiglane-Shlik E, Mantovani JF, Park K, Deprez M, Lederer D, Mary S, Scalais E, Selim L, Van Coster R, Lagae L, Nikanorova M, Hjalgrim H, Korenke GC, Trivisano M, Specchio N, Ceulemans B, Dorn T, Helbig KL, Hardies K, Stamberger H, de Jonghe P, Weckhuysen S, Lemke JR, Krägeloh-Mann I, Helbig I, Kluger G, Lerche H, Møller RS. Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity suggest therapeutic implications in SCN2A-related disorders. Brain 2017; 140:1316-1336. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wolff
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrine M. Johannesen
- 2 The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- 3 Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrike B. S. Hedrich
- 4 Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Silvia Masnada
- 5 Department of Brain and Behavior, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Guido Rubboli
- 2 The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- 6 University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Gardella
- 2 The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- 3 Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- 7 Department of Genetics, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon, France
- 8 Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
- 9 Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, CNRS UMRS5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Dorothée Ville
- 10 Department of Pediatric Neurology and Reference Center for Rare Children Epilepsy and Tuberous Sclerosis, Hôpital Femme Mere Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, HCL, France
| | - Mathieu Milh
- 11 APHM Service de neurologie pédiatrique, Marseille, France
- 12 Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, GMGF, UMR-S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Villard
- 12 Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, GMGF, UMR-S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- 13 AP-HP, Unité de Gènètique Clinique, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Est Parisien, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud
- 13 AP-HP, Unité de Gènètique Clinique, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Est Parisien, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- 14 AP-HP, Département de Génétique; Centre de Référence Défiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares; Groupe de Recherche Clinique UPMC “Déficiences Intellectuelles et Autisme” GH Pitié-Salpêtrère, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Lardennois
- 15 Service de Pediatrie neonatale et Réanimation - Neuropediatrie, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- 16 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, France
- 17 Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Niklas Schwarz
- 4 Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Laurence Perrin
- 19 Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Diane Doummar
- 20 AP-HP, Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- 21 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1141, Paris, France
- 22 AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Maria J. Miranda
- 23 Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maja Hempel
- 24 Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Brilstra
- 25 Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nine Knoers
- 25 Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Verbeek
- 25 Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Kempen
- 25 Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees P. Braun
- 26 Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Grazia Mancini
- 27 Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Biskup
- 28 CeGaT - Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Miriam Döcker
- 28 CeGaT - Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Loddenkemper
- 30 Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA
| | - Lily Wong-Kisiel
- 31 Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA
| | | | - Walid Fazeli
- 33 Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Pasquale Striano
- 34 Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa ‘G. Gaslini’ Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Robertino Dilena
- 35 Servizio di Epilettologia e Neurofisiopatologia Pediatrica, UO Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Fontana
- 36 Centro di Diagnosi e Cura delle Epilessie Infantili, Azienda Ospedaliera -Policlinico Gianbattista Rossi, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- 37 Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, “G. Gaslini” Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Gerhard Kurlemann
- 38 Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children’s Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Joerg Klepper
- 39 Children’s Hospital, Klinikum Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Jess G. Thoene
- 40 University of Michigan, Pediatric Genetics, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Daniel H. Arndt
- 41 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Epilepsy – Beaumont Children’s Hospital, William Beaumont Oakland University School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- 42 Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Schmitt-Mechelke
- 43 Children’s Hospital Lucerne, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Kinderspital Luzern, CH-6000 Luzern 16, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Maier
- 44 Department of child neurology, Children’s Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Hiltrud Muhle
- 45 Department of Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Beverly Wical
- 46 Gillette Children’s Specialty Healthcare, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Claudio Finetti
- 47 Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Joachim Pietz
- 49 Pediatric Practice University Medical Center for Children and Adolescents, Angelika Lautenschläger Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Günther Golla
- 50 Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Klinikum Lippe GmbH, Detmold, Germany
| | - Dinesh Jillella
- 51 Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen M. Linnet
- 52 Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Perrine Charles
- 53 Department of Genetics and Cytogenetics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles-Foix, Paris, France
| | - Ute Moog
- 54 Institute of Genetics, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eve Õiglane-Shlik
- 55 Children’s Clinic, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - John F. Mantovani
- 56 Department of Pediatrics and Mercy Kids Autism Center, Mercy Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kristen Park
- 57 Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marie Deprez
- 58 Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- 58 Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Mary
- 58 Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- 59 Pediatric Neurology Unit, Pediatric Department, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Laila Selim
- 60 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology and Neurometabolic Unit, Cairo University Children Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- 61 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Lagae
- 62 Department of Development and Regeneration, Section Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Helle Hjalgrim
- 2 The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- 3 Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - G. Christoph Korenke
- 63 Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin (Elisabeth Kinderkrankenhaus), Klinik für Neuropädiatrie u. Angeborene, Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marina Trivisano
- 64 Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Specchio
- 64 Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- 65 Paediatric Neurology University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Thomas Dorn
- 66 Swiss Epilepsy Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katherine L. Helbig
- 67 Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, California, USA
| | - Katia Hardies
- 68 Neurogenetics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- 69 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hannah Stamberger
- 68 Neurogenetics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- 69 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- 70 Division of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter de Jonghe
- 68 Neurogenetics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- 69 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- 70 Division of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- 68 Neurogenetics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- 69 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- 70 Division of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johannes R. Lemke
- 71 Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann
- 1 Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Helbig
- 45 Department of Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- 72 Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Gerhard Kluger
- 73 Neuropediatric Clinic and Clinic for Neurorehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schoen Klinik, Vogtareuth, Germany
- 74 PMU Salzburg, Austria
| | - Holger Lerche
- 4 Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rikke S Møller
- 2 The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- 3 Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lambert S, Maystadt I, Boulanger S, Vrielynck P, Destrée A, Lederer D, Moortgat S. Expanding phenotype of p.Ala140Val mutation in MECP2 in a 4 generation family with X-linked intellectual disability and spasticity. Eur J Med Genet 2016; 59:522-5. [PMID: 27465203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in MECP2 (MIM #312750), located on Xq28 and encoding a methyl CpG binding protein, are classically associated with Rett syndrome in female patients, with a lethal effect in hemizygous males. However, MECP2 mutations have already been reported in surviving males with severe neonatal-onset encephalopathy, or with X-linked intellectual disability associated with psychosis, pyramidal signs, parkinsonian features and macro-orchidism (PPM-X syndrome; MIM3 #300055). Here we report on the identification of the p.Ala140Val mutation in the MECP2 gene in 4 males and 3 females of a large Caucasian family affected with X-linked intellectual disability. Females present with mild cognitive impairment and speech difficulties. Males have moderate intellectual disability, impaired language development, friendly behavior, slowly progressive spastic paraparesis and dystonic movements of the hands. Two of them show microcephaly. The p.Ala140Val mutation is recurrent, as it was already described in 4 families with X-linked mental retardation and in three sporadic male patients with intellectual disability. We further delineate the phenotype associated with the p.Ala140Val mutation, illustrating a variable expressivity even within a given family, and we compare our patients with previous reported cases in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Université Catholique de Louvain (U.C.L.), Brussels, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine, Université Namur (U.N.), Namur, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Boulanger
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Pascal Vrielynck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital de Jolimont, Haine-saint-Paul, Belgium
| | - Anne Destrée
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Moortgat
- Center for Human Genetics, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Smogavec M, Cleall A, Hoyer J, Lederer D, Nassogne MC, Palmer EE, Deprez M, Benoit V, Maystadt I, Noakes C, Leal A, Shaw M, Gecz J, Raymond L, Reis A, Shears D, Brockmann K, Zweier C. Eight further individuals with intellectual disability and epilepsy carrying bi-allelic CNTNAP2 aberrations allow delineation of the mutational and phenotypic spectrum. J Med Genet 2016; 53:820-827. [PMID: 27439707 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous copy number variants (CNVs) or sequence variants in the contactin-associated protein 2 gene CNTNAP2 have been discussed as risk factors for a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Bi-allelic aberrations in this gene are causative for an autosomal-recessive disorder with epilepsy, severe intellectual disability (ID) and cortical dysplasia (CDFES). As the number of reported individuals is still limited, we aimed at a further characterisation of the full mutational and clinical spectrum. METHODS Targeted sequencing, chromosomal microarray analysis or multigene panel sequencing was performed in individuals with severe ID and epilepsy. RESULTS We identified homozygous mutations, compound heterozygous CNVs or CNVs and mutations in CNTNAP2 in eight individuals from six unrelated families. All aberrations were inherited from healthy, heterozygous parents and are predicted to be deleterious for protein function. Epilepsy occurred in all affected individuals with onset in the first 3.5 years of life. Further common aspects were ID (severe in 6/8), regression of speech development (5/8) and behavioural anomalies (7/8). Interestingly, cognitive impairment in one of two affected brothers was, in comparison, relatively mild with good speech and simple writing abilities. Cortical dysplasia that was previously reported in CDFES was not present in MRIs of six individuals and only suspected in one. CONCLUSIONS By identifying novel homozygous or compound heterozygous, deleterious CNVs and mutations in eight individuals from six unrelated families with moderate-to-severe ID, early onset epilepsy and behavioural anomalies, we considerably broaden the mutational and clinical spectrum associated with bi-allelic aberrations in CNTNAP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Smogavec
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alison Cleall
- Oxford Genetics Laboratories, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Juliane Hoyer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Marie-Cécile Nassogne
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth E Palmer
- GOLD (Genetics of Learning and Disability) Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marie Deprez
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et Génétique, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Noakes
- Oxford Genetics Laboratories, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Alejandro Leal
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Section of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biology and Neuroscience Research Center, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marie Shaw
- School of Medicine, and the Robinson Research Institute, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jozef Gecz
- School of Medicine, and the Robinson Research Institute, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lucy Raymond
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Deborah Shears
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Knut Brockmann
- Interdisciplinary Pediatric Center for Children with Developmental Disabilities and Severe Chronic Disorders, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Moortgat S, Désir J, Benoit V, Boulanger S, Pendeville H, Nassogne MC, Lederer D, Maystadt I. Two novel EIF2S3 mutations associated with syndromic intellectual disability with severe microcephaly, growth retardation, and epilepsy. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2927-2933. [PMID: 27333055 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
X-chromosome exome sequencing was performed to identify the genetic cause of syndromic intellectual disability in two unrelated families with suspected X-linked inheritance. In both families, affected males presented with severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, growth retardation, and epilepsy. A missense mutation (c.777T>G p.(Ile259Met)) and a frameshift mutation (c.1394_1397del p.(Ile465Serfs*4)) were identified in the EIF2S3 gene in the hemizygous state in affected patients, and in the heterozygous states female obligate carriers. A missense mutation in EIF2S3, coding for the gamma-subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF2, was reported once in a family presenting with similar clinical features. Morpholino-based knockdown of the zebrafish EIF2S3 ortholog (eif2s3) recapitulates the human microcephaly and short stature phenotype, supporting the pathogenicity of the identified variants. Our data confirm that EIF2S3 mutation is implicated in a rare, but recognizable, form of syndromic intellectual disability. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Moortgat
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium.
| | - Julie Désir
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| | - Sébastien Boulanger
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| | - Hélène Pendeville
- GIGA-Research, Zebrafish Platform, Tour B34, Université de Liège, Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | - Marie-Cécile Nassogne
- Département de Neuropédiatrie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
van Setten J, de Jonge N, Holmes M, Khush K, Sweitzer N, Garcia-Pavia P, Rossano J, Dries D, Potena L, Zuckermann A, Christie J, Wilkes D, Lederer D, Meyer K, Glanville A, Corris P, Fisher A, Palmer S, Belperio J, de Weger R, Otten H, van de Graaf E, Keating B, Asselbergs F. The Role of Loss-of-Function Mutations on Death and Development of Rejection in HTX/LTX Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
41
|
Stamberger H, Nikanorova M, Willemsen MH, Accorsi P, Angriman M, Baier H, Benkel-Herrenbrueck I, Benoit V, Budetta M, Caliebe A, Cantalupo G, Capovilla G, Casara G, Courage C, Deprez M, Destrée A, Dilena R, Erasmus CE, Fannemel M, Fjær R, Giordano L, Helbig KL, Heyne HO, Klepper J, Kluger GJ, Lederer D, Lodi M, Maier O, Merkenschlager A, Michelberger N, Minetti C, Muhle H, Phalin J, Ramsey K, Romeo A, Schallner J, Schanze I, Shinawi M, Sleegers K, Sterbova K, Syrbe S, Traverso M, Tzschach A, Uldall P, Van Coster R, Verhelst H, Viri M, Winter S, Wolff M, Zenker M, Zoccante L, De Jonghe P, Helbig I, Striano P, Lemke JR, Møller RS, Weckhuysen S. STXBP1encephalopathy. Neurology 2016; 86:954-62. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
42
|
Costa J, Singh G, Sreekanh S, Raza K, Lederer D, Robbins H, Shah L, Sonett J, Arcasoy S, D'Ovidio F. F-075DONOR LUNG ASSESSMENT USING SELECTIVE PULMONARY VEIN GASES. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivv204.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
43
|
Parker MJ, Fryer AE, Shears DJ, Lachlan KL, McKee SA, Magee AC, Mohammed S, Vasudevan PC, Park SM, Benoit V, Lederer D, Maystadt I, Study D, FitzPatrick DR. De novo, heterozygous, loss-of-function mutations in SYNGAP1 cause a syndromic form of intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2231-7. [PMID: 26079862 PMCID: PMC4744742 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
De novo mutations (DNM) in SYNGAP1, encoding Ras/Rap GTPase‐activating protein SynGAP, have been reported in individuals with nonsyndromic intellectual disability (ID). We identified 10 previously unreported individuals with SYNGAP1 DNM; seven via the Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) Study, one through clinical analysis for copy number variation and the remaining two (monozygotic twins) via a research multi‐gene panel analysis. Seven of the nine heterozygous mutations are likely to result in loss‐of‐function (3 nonsense; 3 frameshift; 1 whole gene deletion). The remaining two mutations, one of which affected the monozygotic twins, were missense variants. Each individual carrying a DNM in SYNGAP1 had moderate‐to‐severe ID and 7/10 had epilepsy; typically myoclonic seizures, absences or drop attacks. 8/10 had hypotonia, 5/10 had significant constipation, 7/10 had wide‐based/unsteady gait, 3/10 had strabismus, and 2/10 had significant hip dysplasia. A proportion of the affected individuals had a similar, myopathic facial appearance, with broad nasal bridge, relatively long nose and full lower lip vermilion. A distinctive behavioral phenotype was also observed with aggressive/challenging behavior and significant sleep problems being common. 7/10 individuals had MR imaging of the brain each of which was reported as normal. The clinical features of the individuals reported here show significant overlap with those associated with 6p21.3 microdeletions, confirming that haploinsufficiency for SYNGAP1 is responsible for both disorders. © 2015 The Authors. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Parker
- Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alan E Fryer
- Clinical Genetics Department, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deborah J Shears
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine L Lachlan
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Shane A McKee
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Alex C Magee
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Shehla Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Pradeep C Vasudevan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Soo-Mi Park
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies (Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies (Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique (I.P.G.), Gosselies (Charleroi), Belgium
| | - Ddd Study
- DDD Study, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - David R FitzPatrick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (I.G.M.M.), University of Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Naroji S, Aramini B, Kim C, Chan R, Zhou B, Raza K, Robbins H, Shah L, Lederer D, Arcasoy S, Sonett J, Di Paolo G, D’Ovidio F. Surfactant Phospholipids as a Marker of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction: A Targeted Lipidomics Approach. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
45
|
Arango Tomas E, Sanchez P, Davis R, Cantu E, Weyant M, Lederer D, Camp P, Griffith B, D’Ovidio F. Post EVLP Cold Preservation Period Is Associated With Clinical Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
46
|
Morgan AT, Mei C, Da Costa A, Fifer J, Lederer D, Benoit V, McMillin MJ, Buckingham KJ, Bamshad MJ, Pope K, White SM. Speech and language in a genotyped cohort of individuals with Kabuki syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167:1483-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela T. Morgan
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne; Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne; Australia
| | - Cristina Mei
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne; Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
| | - Annette Da Costa
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne; Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne; Australia
| | - Joanne Fifer
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne; Australia
| | - Damien Lederer
- Centre for Human Genetics; Institute of Pathology and Genetics; Gosselies Belgium
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Centre for Human Genetics; Institute of Pathology and Genetics; Gosselies Belgium
| | | | | | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
- Department of Genome Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | - Kate Pope
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne Australia
| | - Susan M. White
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne; Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ruaud L, Mignot C, Guët A, Ohl C, Nava C, Héron D, Keren B, Depienne C, Benoit V, Maystadt I, Lederer D, Amsallem D, Piard J. DYRK1A mutations in two unrelated patients. Eur J Med Genet 2015; 58:168-74. [PMID: 25641759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Dual-specify tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) gene has been extensively studied for its role in the pathophysiology of intellectual disability (ID) in Down syndrome. The rise of next generation sequencing (NGS) and array-CGH (aCGH) in diagnostic settings for the evaluation of patients with ID allowed the identification of 17 patients carrying heterozygous genetic aberrations involving DYRK1A to date. The rate of DYRK1A mutations in this population reaches >1% in published NGS studies. The current report aims at further defining the phenotype of this encephalopathy with the detailed report of two unrelated patients. Both patients were boys with developmental delay, febrile seizures, facial dysmorphism and brain atrophy on MRI. Patient #1 had autistic behaviors and micropenis and Patient #2 had stereotypies and microcephaly. NGS analyses identified heterozygous de novo variants in DYRK1A: the c.613C >T (p.Arg205*) nonsense mutation in Patient #1 and the c.932C >T (p.Ser311Phe) missense mutation in Patient #2. Together with previously reported cases, patients with DYRK1A mutations share many clinical features and may have a recognizable phenotype that includes, by decreasing order of frequency: developmental delay or ID with behaviors suggesting autism spectrum disorder, microcephaly, epileptic seizures, facial dysmorphism including ear anomalies (large ears, hypoplastic lobes), thin lips, short philtrum and frontal bossing. Delineation of the phenotype/genotype correlation is not feasible at the moment and will be a challenge for the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyse Ruaud
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, CHU Besançon, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Guët
- Service de Pédiatrie, APHP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
| | - Christelle Ohl
- Centre d'Action Médico-Sociale Précoce, Courbevoie, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Benoit
- Institut de pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgique
| | | | - Damien Lederer
- Institut de pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgique
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Costa J, Sonett J, Singh G, Bacchetta M, LaVelle M, Lederer D, Shah L, Robbins H, Raza K, Arcasoy S, D'Ovidio F. Lung Transplantation Using Allografts From Donation After Cardiac Death Donors. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
49
|
Ware L, Roberts L, Diamond J, Wickersham N, Palmer S, Lederer D, Bhorade S, Crespo M, Weinacker A, Lama V, Wille K, Kawut S, Shah R, Cantu E, Shah P, Wilkes D, Orens J, Belperio J, Rushefski M, Christie J. Plasma Lipid Peroxidation Products Are Higher in Lung Transplant Recipients with PGD and Are Associated with Donor Smoking. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
50
|
Diamond J, Feng R, Lin W, Shah R, Cantu E, Demissie E, Rushefski M, Lederer D, Bhorade S, Crespo M, Weinacker A, Belperio J, Shah P, Ware L, Wilkes D, Orens J, Lama V, Wille K, Palmer S, Kawut S, Christie J. Candidate Gene Association Study in BOS. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|