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Gan Y, Yu Y, Xu H, Piao H. Liposomal Nanomaterials: A Rising Star in Glioma Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6757-6776. [PMID: 38983132 PMCID: PMC11232959 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s470478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. In recent years, the treatment of glioma has developed rapidly, but the overall survival of glioma patients has not significantly improved. Due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and intracranial tumor barrier, many drugs with good effects to cure glioma in vitro cannot be accurately transported to the corresponding lesions. In order to enable anti-tumor drugs to overcome the barriers and target glioma, nanodrug delivery systems have emerged recently. It is gratifying that liposomes, as a multifunctional nanodrug delivery carrier, which can be compatible with hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, easily functionalized by various targeted ligands, biodegradable, and hypoimmunogenic in vivo, has become a quality choice to solve the intractable problem of glioma medication. Therefore, we focused on the liposome nanodrug delivery system, and summarized its current research progress in glioma. Hopefully, this review may provide new ideas for the research and development of liposome-based nanomaterials for the clinical treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huizhe Xu
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Kostka K, Sokolova V, El-Taibany A, Kruse B, Porada D, Wolff N, Prymak O, Seeds MC, Epple M, Atala AJ. The Application of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles (2 nm) Functionalized with Doxorubicin in Three-Dimensional Normal and Glioblastoma Organoid Models of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Molecules 2024; 29:2469. [PMID: 38893345 PMCID: PMC11173746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Among brain tumors, glioblastoma (GBM) is very challenging to treat as chemotherapeutic drugs can only penetrate the brain to a limited extent due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles can be an attractive solution for the treatment of GBM as they can transport drugs across the BBB into the tumor. In this study, normal and GBM organoids comprising six brain cell types were developed and applied to study the uptake, BBB penetration, distribution, and efficacy of fluorescent, ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (AuTio-Dox-AF647s) conjugated with doxorubicin (Dox) and AlexaFluor-647-cadaverine (AF647) by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), using a mixture of dissolved doxorubicin and fluorescent AF647 molecules as a control. It was shown that the nanoparticles could easily penetrate the BBB and were found in normal and GBM organoids, while the dissolved Dox and AF647 molecules alone were unable to penetrate the BBB. Flow cytometry showed a reduction in glioblastoma cells after treatment with AuTio-Dox nanoparticles, as well as a higher uptake of these nanoparticles by GBM cells in the GBM model compared to astrocytes in the normal cell organoids. In summary, our results show that ultrasmall gold nanoparticles can serve as suitable carriers for the delivery of drugs into organoids to study BBB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Kostka
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Viktoriya Sokolova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Aya El-Taibany
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Benedikt Kruse
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Porada
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Natalie Wolff
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Oleg Prymak
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Michael C. Seeds
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Anthony J. Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
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3
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Cogill SA, Lee JH, Jeon MT, Kim DG, Chang Y. Hopping the Hurdle: Strategies to Enhance the Molecular Delivery to the Brain through the Blood-Brain Barrier. Cells 2024; 13:789. [PMID: 38786013 PMCID: PMC11119906 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern medicine has allowed for many advances in neurological and neurodegenerative disease (ND). However, the number of patients suffering from brain diseases is ever increasing and the treatment of brain diseases remains an issue, as drug efficacy is dramatically reduced due to the existence of the unique vascular structure, namely the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Several approaches to enhance drug delivery to the brain have been investigated but many have proven to be unsuccessful due to limited transport or damage induced in the BBB. Alternative approaches to enhance molecular delivery to the brain have been revealed in recent studies through the existence of molecular delivery pathways that regulate the passage of peripheral molecules. In this review, we present recent advancements of the basic research for these delivery pathways as well as examples of promising ventures to overcome the molecular hurdles that will enhance therapeutic interventions in the brain and potentially save the lives of millions of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinnead Anne Cogill
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (S.A.C.); (J.-H.L.); (M.-T.J.)
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeok Lee
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (S.A.C.); (J.-H.L.); (M.-T.J.)
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Tae Jeon
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (S.A.C.); (J.-H.L.); (M.-T.J.)
| | - Do-Geun Kim
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (S.A.C.); (J.-H.L.); (M.-T.J.)
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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4
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Zivari-Ghader T, Valioglu F, Eftekhari A, Aliyeva I, Beylerli O, Davran S, Cho WC, Beilerli A, Khalilov R, Javadov S. Recent progresses in natural based therapeutic materials for Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26351. [PMID: 38434059 PMCID: PMC10906329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder that causes increased memory loss, mood swings, behavioral disorders, and disruptions in daily activities. Polymer scaffolds for the brain have been grown under laboratory, physiological, and pathological circumstances because of the limitations of conventional treatments for patients with central nervous system diseases. The blood-brain barrier prevents medications from entering the brain, challenging AD treatment. Numerous biomaterials such as biomolecules, polymers, inorganic metals, and metal oxide nanoparticles have been used to transport therapeutic medicines into the nervous system. Incorporating biocompatible materials that support neurogenesis through a combination of topographical, pharmacological, and mechanical stimuli has also shown promise for the transfer of cells to replenish dopaminergic neurons. Components made of naturally occurring biodegradable polymers are appropriate for the regeneration of nerve tissue. The ability of natural-based materials (biomaterials) has been shown to promote endogenous cell development after implantation. Also, strategic functionalization of polymeric nanocarriers could be employed for treating AD. In particular, nanoparticles could resolve Aβ aggregation and thus help cure Alzheimer's disease. Drug moieties can be effectively directed to the brain by utilizing nano-based systems and diverse colloidal carriers, including hydrogels and biodegradable scaffolds. Notably, early investigations employing neural stem cells have yielded promising results, further emphasizing the potential advancements in this field. Few studies have fully leveraged the combination of cells with cutting-edge biomaterials. This study provides a comprehensive overview of prior research, highlighting the pivotal role of biomaterials as sophisticated drug carriers. It delves into various intelligent drug delivery systems, encompassing pH and thermo-triggered mechanisms, polymeric and lipid carriers, inorganic nanoparticles, and other vectors. The discussion synthesizes existing knowledge and underscores the transformative impact of these biomaterials in devising innovative strategies, augmenting current therapeutic methodologies, and shaping new paradigms in the realm of Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Zivari-Ghader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ferzane Valioglu
- Technology Development Zones Management CO, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51665118, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Immi Aliyeva
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Azerbaijan Technological University, Ganja, Azerbaijan
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin Street, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Soodabeh Davran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Life Sciences, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, 00936-5067, USA
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5
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Vikram, Kumar S, Ali J, Baboota S. Potential of Nanocarrier-Associated Approaches for Better Therapeutic Intervention in the Management of Glioblastoma. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:73-85. [PMID: 38193798 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, commonly known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is one of the deadliest and most invasive types of brain cancer. Two factors account for the majority of the treatment limitations for GBM. First, the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) renders malignancy treatment ineffective, leading to recurrence without full recovery. Second, several adverse effects are associated with the drugs used in conventional GBM treatment. Recent studies have developed nanocarrier systems, such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, dendrimers, nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, nanostructured lipid carriers, solid lipid nanocarriers, metal particles, and silica nanoparticles, which allow drug-loaded formulations to penetrate the BBB more effectively. This has opened up new possibilities for overcoming therapy issues. Extensive and methodical searches of databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and others were conducted to gather relevant literature for this work, using precise keyword combinations such as "GBM," "brain tumor," and "nanocarriers." This review provides deep insights into the administration of drugs using nanocarriers for the management of GBM and explores new advancements in nanotechnology. It also highlights how scientific developments can be explained in connection with hopeful findings about the potential of nanocarriers for the future successful management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shobhit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology (MIET), Meerut, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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6
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Zha S, Liu H, Li H, Li H, Wong KL, All AH. Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1820-1845. [PMID: 38193927 PMCID: PMC10811692 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized semipermeable structure that highly regulates exchanges between the central nervous system parenchyma and blood vessels. Thus, the BBB also prevents the passage of various forms of therapeutic agents, nanocarriers, and their cargos. Recently, many multidisciplinary studies focus on developing cargo-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) to overcome these challenges, which are emerging as safe and effective vehicles in neurotheranostics. In this Review, first we introduce the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the BBB. Second, we present the endogenous and exogenous transport mechanisms by which NPs cross the BBB. We report various forms of nanomaterials, carriers, and their cargos, with their detailed BBB uptake and permeability characteristics. Third, we describe the effect of regulating the size, shape, charge, and surface ligands of NPs that affect their BBB permeability, which can be exploited to enhance and promote neurotheranostics. We classify typical functionalized nanomaterials developed for BBB crossing. Fourth, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in developing functional polymeric nanomaterials for applications in multimodal bioimaging, therapeutics, and drug delivery. Finally, we conclude by discussing existing challenges, directions, and future perspectives in employing functionalized nanomaterials for BBB crossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zha
- Hubei
University of Chinese Medicine, School of
Laboratory Medicine, 16
Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei
Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Hong
Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 224 Waterloo
Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hengde Li
- Hong
Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 224 Waterloo
Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Haolan Li
- Dalian
University of Technology School of Chemical
Engineering, Lingshui
Street, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ka-Leung Wong
- The
Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Building Y815, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Angelo Homayoun All
- Hong
Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 224 Waterloo
Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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7
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Zhang W, Xu H, Li C, Han B, Zhang Y. Exploring Chinese herbal medicine for ischemic stroke: insights into microglia and signaling pathways. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1333006. [PMID: 38318134 PMCID: PMC10838993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1333006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a prevalent clinical condition affecting the central nervous system, characterized by a high mortality and disability rate. Its incidence is progressively rising, particularly among younger individuals, posing a significant threat to human well-being. The activation and polarization of microglia, leading to pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, are widely recognized as pivotal factors in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHMs) boasts a rich historical background, notable efficacy, and minimal adverse effects. It exerts its effects by modulating microglia activation and polarization, suppressing inflammatory responses, and ameliorating nerve injury through the mediation of microglia and various associated pathways (such as NF-κB signaling pathway, Toll-like signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, among others). Consequently, this article focuses on microglia as a therapeutic target, reviewing relevant pathway of literature on TCHMs to mitigate neuroinflammation and mediate IS injury, while also exploring research on drug delivery of TCHMs. The ultimate goal is to provide new insights that can contribute to the clinical management of IS using TCHMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bingbing Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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8
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Tincu (Iurciuc) CE, Andrițoiu CV, Popa M, Ochiuz L. Recent Advancements and Strategies for Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier Using Albumin-Based Drug Delivery Systems to Treat Brain Cancer, with a Focus on Glioblastoma. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3969. [PMID: 37836018 PMCID: PMC10575401 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, and the most prevalent primary malignant tumor affecting the brain and central nervous system. Recent research indicates that the genetic profile of GBM makes it resistant to drugs and radiation. However, the main obstacle in treating GBM is transporting drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Albumin is a versatile biomaterial for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The efficiency of albumin-based delivery systems is determined by their ability to improve tumor targeting and accumulation. In this review, we will discuss the prevalence of human glioblastoma and the currently adopted treatment, as well as the structure and some essential functions of the BBB, to transport drugs through this barrier. We will also mention some aspects related to the blood-tumor brain barrier (BTBB) that lead to poor treatment efficacy. The properties and structure of serum albumin were highlighted, such as its role in targeting brain tumors, as well as the progress made until now regarding the techniques for obtaining albumin nanoparticles and their functionalization, in order to overcome the BBB and treat cancer, especially human glioblastoma. The albumin drug delivery nanosystems mentioned in this paper have improved properties and can overcome the BBB to target brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia-Elena Tincu (Iurciuc)
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Protection of the Environment, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 73, Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Călin Vasile Andrițoiu
- Apitherapy Medical Center, Balanesti, Nr. 336-337, 217036 Gorj, Romania;
- Specialization of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Liviu Rebreanu Street, 86, 310045 Arad, Romania
| | - Marcel Popa
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Protection of the Environment, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 73, Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 11, Pacurari Street, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Ochiuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Abstract
Primary brain cancer or brain cancer is the overgrowth of abnormal or malignant cells in the brain or its nearby tissues that form unwanted masses called brain tumors. People with malignant brain tumors suffer a lot, and the expected life span of the patients after diagnosis is often only around 14 months, even with the most vigorous therapies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main barrier in the body that restricts the entry of potential chemotherapeutic agents into the brain. The chances of treatment failure or low therapeutic effects are some significant drawbacks of conventional treatment methods. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology have generated hope in cancer treatment. Nanotechnology has shown a vital role starting from the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. These tiny nanomaterials have great potential to deliver drugs across the BBB. Beyond just drug delivery, nanomaterials can be simulated to generate fluorescence to detect tumors. The current Review discusses in detail the challenges of brain cancer treatment and the application of nanotechnology to overcome those challenges. The success of chemotherapeutic treatment or the surgical removal of tumors requires proper imaging. Nanomaterials can provide imaging and therapeutic benefits for cancer. The application of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of brain cancer is discussed in detail by reviewing past studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Ale
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Nidhi Nainwal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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Yan J, Huang L, Feng J, Yang X. The Recent Applications of PLGA-Based Nanostructures for Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2322. [PMID: 37765291 PMCID: PMC10535132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the accelerated development of nanotechnology in recent years, nanomaterials have become increasingly prevalent in the medical field. The poly (lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) is one of the most commonly used biodegradable polymers. It is biocompatible and can be fabricated into various nanostructures, depending on requirements. Ischemic stroke is a common, disabling, and fatal illness that burdens society. There is a need for further improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. PLGA-based nanostructures can facilitate therapeutic compounds' passage through the physicochemical barrier. They further provide both sustained and controlled release of therapeutic compounds when loaded with drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The clinical significance and potential of PLGA-based nanostructures can also be seen in their applications in cell transplantation and imaging diagnostics of ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes the synthesis and properties of PLGA and reviews in detail the recent applications of PLGA-based nanostructures for drug delivery, disease therapy, cell transplantation, and the imaging diagnosis of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun 113000, China;
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiac Function, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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11
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Budiarso IJ, Rini NDW, Tsalsabila A, Birowosuto MD, Wibowo A. Chitosan-Based Smart Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Progress and Perspectives. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37178166 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, smart and functional biomaterials have escalated as one of the most rapidly emerging fields in the life sciences because the performance of biomaterials could be improved by careful consideration of their interaction and response with the living systems. Thus, chitosan could play a crucial role in this frontier field because it possesses many beneficial properties, especially in the biomedical field such as excellent biodegradability, hemostatic properties, antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Furthermore, chitosan is a smart and versatile biopolymer due to its polycationic nature with reactive functional groups that allow the polymer to form many interesting structures or to be modified in various ways to suit the targeted applications. In this review, we provide an up-to-date development of the versatile structures of chitosan-based smart biomaterials such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, nanofibers, and films, as well as their application in the biomedical field. This review also highlights several strategies to enhance biomaterial performance for fast growing fields in biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems, bone scaffolds, wound healing, and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra J Budiarso
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Novi D W Rini
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Tsalsabila
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Meranti, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad D Birowosuto
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, Wrocław 54-066, Poland
| | - Arie Wibowo
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
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12
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Xu K, Li S, Zhou Y, Gao X, Mei J, Liu Y. Application of Computing as a High-Practicability and -Efficiency Auxiliary Tool in Nanodrugs Discovery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041064. [PMID: 37111551 PMCID: PMC10144056 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Research and development (R&D) of nanodrugs is a long, complex and uncertain process. Since the 1960s, computing has been used as an auxiliary tool in the field of drug discovery. Many cases have proven the practicability and efficiency of computing in drug discovery. Over the past decade, computing, especially model prediction and molecular simulation, has been gradually applied to nanodrug R&D, providing substantive solutions to many problems. Computing has made important contributions to promoting data-driven decision-making and reducing failure rates and time costs in discovery and development of nanodrugs. However, there are still a few articles to examine, and it is necessary to summarize the development of the research direction. In the review, we summarize application of computing in various stages of nanodrug R&D, including physicochemical properties and biological activities prediction, pharmacokinetics analysis, toxicological assessment and other related applications. Moreover, current challenges and future perspectives of the computing methods are also discussed, with a view to help computing become a high-practicability and -efficiency auxiliary tool in nanodrugs discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shilin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yangkai Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinglong Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510700, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1082-545-526
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13
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Angolkar M, Paramshetti S, Halagali P, Jain V, Patil AB, Somanna P. Nanotechnological advancements in the brain tumor therapy: a novel approach. Ther Deliv 2023; 13:531-557. [PMID: 36802944 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2022-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnological advancements over the past few years have led to the development of newer treatment strategies in brain cancer therapy which leads to the establishment of nano oncology. Nanostructures with high specificity, are best suitable to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Their desired physicochemical properties, such as small sizes, shape, higher surface area to volume ratio, distinctive structural features, and the possibility to attach various substances on their surface transform them into potential transport carriers able to cross various cellular and tissue barriers, including the BBB. The review emphasizes nanotechnology-based treatment strategies for the exploration of brain tumors and highlights the current progress of different nanomaterials for the effective delivery of drugs for brain tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Angolkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, SS Nagar, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Sharanya Paramshetti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, SS Nagar, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Praveen Halagali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, SS Nagar, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Vikas Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, SS Nagar, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Amit B Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, SS Nagar, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Preethi Somanna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, SS Nagar, Mysuru, 570015, India
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14
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Miao YB, Zhao W, Renchi G, Gong Y, Shi Y. Customizing delivery nano-vehicles for precise brain tumor therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:32. [PMID: 36707835 PMCID: PMC9883977 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01775-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although some tumor has become a curable disease for many patients, involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is still a major concern. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), a special structure in the CNS, protects the brain from bloodborne pathogens via its excellent barrier properties and hinders new drug development for brain tumor. Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology have resulted in various nanovehicless (NPs) as drug carriers to cross the BBB by different strategys. Here, the complex compositions and special characteristics of causes of brain tumor formation and BBB are elucidated exhaustively. Additionally, versatile drug nanovehicles with their recent applications and their pathways on different drug delivery strategies to overcome the BBB obstacle for anti-brain tumor are briefly discussed. Customizing nanoparticles for brain tumor treatments is proposed to improve the efficacy of brain tumor treatments via drug delivery from the gut to the brain. This review provides a broad perspective on customizing delivery nano-vehicles characteristics facilitate drug distribution across the brain and pave the way for the creation of innovative nanotechnology-based nanomaterials for brain tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Bao Miao
- grid.410646.10000 0004 1808 0950Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610000 China ,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan China
| | - Wang Zhao
- grid.410646.10000 0004 1808 0950Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610000 China ,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan China
| | - Gao Renchi
- grid.410646.10000 0004 1808 0950Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610000 China ,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan China
| | - Ying Gong
- grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Natural Products Research Center, Institute of Chengdu Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan China ,grid.410646.10000 0004 1808 0950Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610072 Sichuan China
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15
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de Almeida Campos L, Fin MT, Santos KS, de Lima Gualque MW, Freire Cabral AKL, Khalil NM, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mainardes RM, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Voriconazole Delivery Applied to Invasive Fungal Infections. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010266. [PMID: 36678893 PMCID: PMC9863752 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections increase mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. The treatment of these infections is still limited due to the low bioavailability and toxicity, requiring therapeutic monitoring, especially in the most severe cases. Voriconazole is an azole widely used to treat invasive aspergillosis, other hyaline molds, many dematiaceous molds, Candida spp., including those resistant to fluconazole, and for infections caused by endemic mycoses, in addition to those that occur in the central nervous system. However, despite its broad activity, using voriconazole has limitations related to its non-linear pharmacokinetics, leading to supratherapeutic doses and increased toxicity according to individual polymorphisms during its metabolism. In this sense, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have successfully improved the physicochemical and biological aspects of different classes of drugs, including antifungals. In this review, we highlighted recent work that has applied nanotechnology to deliver voriconazole. These systems allowed increased permeation and deposition of voriconazole in target tissues from a controlled and sustained release in different routes of administration such as ocular, pulmonary, oral, topical, and parenteral. Thus, nanotechnology application aiming to delivery voriconazole becomes a more effective and safer therapeutic alternative in the treatment of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís de Almeida Campos
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Midwest State University (UNICENTRO), Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia St, 838, Guarapuava 85040-167, PR, Brazil
| | - Margani Taise Fin
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Midwest State University (UNICENTRO), Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia St, 838, Guarapuava 85040-167, PR, Brazil
| | - Kelvin Sousa Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos William de Lima Gualque
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Karla Lima Freire Cabral
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Najeh Maissar Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Midwest State University (UNICENTRO), Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia St, 838, Guarapuava 85040-167, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubiana Mara Mainardes
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Midwest State University (UNICENTRO), Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia St, 838, Guarapuava 85040-167, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.M.M.); (M.J.S.M.-G.)
| | - Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.M.M.); (M.J.S.M.-G.)
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16
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Voci S, Gagliardi A, Ambrosio N, Salvatici MC, Fresta M, Cosco D. Gliadin Nanoparticles Containing Doxorubicin Hydrochloride: Characterization and Cytotoxicity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010180. [PMID: 36678809 PMCID: PMC9860592 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is a well-known antitumor drug used as first line treatment for many types of malignancies. Despite its clinical relevance, the administration of the compound is negatively affected by dose-dependent off-target toxicity phenomena. Nanotechnology has helped to overcome these important limitations by improving the therapeutic index of the bioactive and promoting the translation of novel nanomedicines into clinical practice. Herein, nanoparticles made up of wheat gliadin and stabilized by polyoxyethylene (2) oleyl ether were investigated for the first time as carriers of DOX. The encapsulation of the compound did not significantly affect the physico-chemical features of the gliadin nanoparticles (GNPs), which evidenced a mean diameter of ~180 nm, a polydispersity index < 0.2 and a negative surface charge. The nanosystems demonstrated great stability regarding temperature (25−50 °C) and were able to retain high amounts of drug, allowing its prolonged and sustained release for up to a week. In vitro viability assay performed against breast cancer cells demonstrated that the nanoencapsulation of DOX modulated the cytotoxicity of the bioactive as a function of the incubation time with respect to the free form of the drug. The results demonstrate the potential use of GNPs as carriers of hydrophilic antitumor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Voci
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Agnese Gagliardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Ambrosio
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Salvatici
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM)-Electron Microscopy Centre (Ce.M.E.), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano n. 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-369-4119
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17
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Hamdy NM, Eskander G, Basalious EB. Insights on the Dynamic Innovative Tumor Targeted-Nanoparticles-Based Drug Delivery Systems Activation Techniques. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6131-6155. [PMID: 36514378 PMCID: PMC9741821 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s386037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer conventional chemotherapeutic drugs novel formula progress, nowadays, uses nano technology for targeted drug delivery, specifically tailored to overcome therapeutic agents' delivery challenges. Polymer drug delivery systems (DDS) play a crucial role in minimizing off-target side effects arising when using standard cytotoxic drugs. Using nano-formula for targeted localized action, permits using larger effective cytotoxic doses on a single special spot, that can seriously cause harm if it was administered systemically. Therefore, various nanoparticles (NPs) specifically have attached groups for targeting capabilities, not seen in bulk materials, which then need activation. In this review, we will present a simple innovative, illustrative, in a cartoon-way, enumeration of NP anti-cancer drug targeting delivery system activation-types. Area(s) covered in this review are the mechanisms of various NP activation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Georgette Eskander
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Postgraduate Student, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad B Basalious
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt,Correspondence: Emad B Basalious; Nadia M Hamdy, Email ;
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Pawar B, Vasdev N, Gupta T, Mhatre M, More A, Anup N, Tekade RK. Current Update on Transcellular Brain Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122719. [PMID: 36559214 PMCID: PMC9786068 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the presence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes drug delivery to the brain more challenging. There are various mechanistic routes through which therapeutic molecules travel and deliver the drug across the BBB. Among all the routes, the transcellular route is widely explored to deliver therapeutics. Advances in nanotechnology have encouraged scientists to develop novel formulations for brain drug delivery. In this article, we have broadly discussed the BBB as a limitation for brain drug delivery and ways to solve it using novel techniques such as nanomedicine, nose-to-brain drug delivery, and peptide as a drug delivery carrier. In addition, the article will help to understand the different factors governing the permeability of the BBB, as well as various formulation-related factors and the body clearance of the drug delivered into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-796674550 or +91-7966745555; Fax: +91-7966745560
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19
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Bahadur S, Jha MK. Emerging nanoformulations for drug targeting to brain through intranasal delivery: A comprehensive review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Raman S, Khan AA, Mahmood S. Nose to brain delivery of selegiline loaded PLGA/lipid nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterisation and brain pharmacokinetics evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061283. [PMID: 35745855 PMCID: PMC9229021 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914, that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB). Owing to restricted transport across the BBB, FDA-approved drugs for the CNS have been generally limited to lipid-soluble small molecules. Drugs that do not cross the BBB can be re-engineered for transport on endogenous BBB carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transport systems, which were identified during the 1970s-1980s. By the 1990s, a multitude of brain drug delivery technologies emerged, including trans-cranial delivery, CSF delivery, BBB disruption, lipid carriers, prodrugs, stem cells, exosomes, nanoparticles, gene therapy, and biologics. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain drug delivery technologies are critically reviewed.
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22
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Zhang X, Yan R, Wei Z, Yang D, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Huang X, Huang H, Wang W. Folate Decorated Multifunctional Biodegradable Nanoparticles for Gastric Carcinoma Active Targeting Theranostics. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2493-2502. [PMID: 35669001 PMCID: PMC9166902 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s348380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer remains a major clinical issue and little progress has been made in the treatment of gastric cancer patients during recent decades. Nanoparticles provide a versatile platform for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Methods We prepared 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) 125I-radiolabelled biodegradable nanoparticles with folate surface modification (125I-SN-38-FA-NPs) as a novel nanoplatform for targeted gastric carcinoma theranostics. We characterized this system in terms of particle size, morphology, radiostability, and release properties and examined the in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake properties of 125I-SN-38-FA-NPs in MNK 7 and NCI-N7 cells. The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of 125I-SN-38-FA-NPs were imaged by single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT). An MNK7 tumor-bearing model were established and the in vivo antitumor activity of 125I-SN-38-FA-NPs was evaluated. Results SN-38 was readily radiolabeled with 125I and exhibited high radiostability. Poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were formed by solvent exchange, and displayed spherical morphology of 100 nm in diameter as characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A 2.5-fold greater uptake of 125I-radiolabelled SN-38-loaded folate-decorated PLGA nanoparticles (125I-SN-38-FA-NPs) than 125I-radiolabelled SN-38-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (125I-SN-38-NPs) were record in MKN7 tumor cells. NPs and folate-decorated PLGA nanoparticles (FA-NPs) also had good biocompatibility in methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays. Pharmacokinetic, biodistribution and SPECT imaging studies showed that 125I-SN-38-FA-NPs had prolonged circulation, were distributed in the reticuloendothelial system, and had high uptake in tumors with a higher tumor accumulation of 125I-SN-38-FA-NPs than 125I-SN-38-NPs recorded at 24 h postinjection. In vivo SN-38-FA-NPs significantly inhibited tumor growth without causing obvious side effects. Conclusion Folate receptor alpha (FOLR1) targeted drug-loaded nanoparticles enable SPECT imaging and chemotherapy, and provide a novel nanoplatform for gastric carcinoma active targeting theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronglin Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziran Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejun Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunqi Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hejing Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
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Tambe V, Patel S, Shard A, Behera SK, Polaka S, Anup N, Gadeval A, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Dendronized Polymeric Biomaterial for Loading, Stabilization, and Targeted Cytosolic Delivery of microRNA in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Sagarkumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Shard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Central Instrumentation Facility, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Suryanarayana Polaka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Neelima Anup
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anuradha Gadeval
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
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24
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Naki T, Aderibigbe BA. Efficacy of Polymer-Based Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Brain Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051048. [PMID: 35631634 PMCID: PMC9145018 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain tumor is a life-threatening disease with a low survival rate. The therapies available for the treatment of brain tumor is limited by poor uptake via the blood–brain barrier. The challenges with the chemotherapeutics used for the treatment of brain tumors are poor distribution, drug toxicity, and their inability to pass via the blood–brain barrier, etc. Several researchers have investigated the potential of nanomedicines for the treatment of brain cancer. Nanomedicines are designed with nanosize particle sizes with a large surface area and are loaded with bioactive agents via encapsulation, immersion, conjugation, etc. Some nanomedicines have been approved for clinical use. The most crucial part of nanomedicine is that they promote drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier, display excellent specificity, reduce drug toxicity, enhance drug bioavailability, and promote targeted drug release mechanisms. The aforementioned features make them promising therapeutics for brain targeting. This review reports the in vitro and in vivo results of nanomedicines designed for the treatment of brain cancers.
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Liu C, Tang C, Yin C. Co-delivery of doxorubicin and siRNA by all-trans retinoic acid conjugated chitosan-based nanocarriers for multiple synergistic antitumor efficacy. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 283:119097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Salave S, Rana D, Pardhe R, Bule P, Benival D. Unravelling Micro and Nano vesicular System in Intranasal Drug Delivery for Epilepsy. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:PNT-EPUB-122916. [PMID: 35473543 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220426115340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders, affecting about 50 million people globally. Oral, intravenous, and rectal delivery systems are available for the management of epileptic seizures. However, intranasal delivery serves beneficial for delivering anti-epileptic drugs owing to the advantages it offers. OBJECTIVE Various approaches have been developed over the years aiming to attain either a safer or faster brain delivery; a nasal delivery system proposes significant outcomes. The non-invasiveness and high vascularity contribute to the high permeability of the nasal mucosa, allowing rapid drug absorption. This review highlights some of the promising novel approaches delivering antiepileptic drugs efficiently employing the nasal route. METHODS The method includes a collection of data from different search engines like PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder for obtaining appropriate and relevant literature regarding epilepsy, intranasal delivery of antiepileptic agents, and novel therapeutics. RESULTS The present review underlines the majority of work related to intranasal delivery in the treatment of epilepsy, aiming to draw the attention of the researchers towards the easiest and efficient ways of formulation for the delivery of antiepileptics during seizures. CONCLUSION This review intends to provide understanding about the delivery aspects of anti-epileptic drugs, the benefits of intranasal delivery, and the novel approaches employed for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Salave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Dhwani Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rupali Pardhe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Prajakta Bule
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Derajram Benival
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
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Zhou YS, Wang W, Chen N, Wang LC, Huang JB. Research progress of anti-glioma chemotherapeutic drugs (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 47:101. [PMID: 35362540 PMCID: PMC8990335 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial malignancy in the central nervous system. At present, the most important treatment option is surgical resection of the tumor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The principle of operation is to remove the tumor to the maximal extent on the basis of preserving brain function. However, prominent invasive and infiltrative proliferation of glioma tumor cells into the surrounding normal tissues frequently reduces the efficacy of treatment. This in turn worsens the prognosis, because the tumor cannot be completely removed, which can readily relapse. Chemotherapeutic agents when applied individually have demonstrated limited efficacy for the treatment of glioma. However, multiple different chemotherapeutic agents can be used in combination with other treatment modalities to improve the efficacy while circumventing systemic toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, it is pivotal to unravel the inhibitory mechanism mediated by the different chemotherapeutic drugs on glioma cells in preclinical studies. The aim of the present review is to provide a summary for understanding the effects of different chemotherapeutic drugs in glioma, in addition to providing a reference for the preclinical research into novel chemotherapeutic agents for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shu Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute for Translation Medicine on Molecular Function and Artificial Intelligence Imaging, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Cui Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Bai Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
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Chen Y, An Q, Teng K, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Latest development and versatile applications of highly integrating drug delivery patch. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cui J, Xu Y, Tu H, Zhao H, Wang H, Di L, Wang R. Gather wisdom to overcome barriers: Well-designed nano-drug delivery systems for treating gliomas. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1100-1125. [PMID: 35530155 PMCID: PMC9069319 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the special physiological and pathological characteristics of gliomas, most therapeutic drugs are prevented from entering the brain. To improve the poor prognosis of existing therapies, researchers have been continuously developing non-invasive methods to overcome barriers to gliomas therapy. Although these strategies can be used clinically to overcome the blood‒brain barrier (BBB), the accurate delivery of drugs to the glioma lesions cannot be ensured. Nano-drug delivery systems (NDDS) have been widely used for precise drug delivery. In recent years, researchers have gathered their wisdom to overcome barriers, so many well-designed NDDS have performed prominently in preclinical studies. These meticulous designs mainly include cascade passing through BBB and targeting to glioma lesions, drug release in response to the glioma microenvironment, biomimetic delivery systems based on endogenous cells/extracellular vesicles/protein, and carriers created according to the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines. We reviewed these well-designed NDDS in detail. Furthermore, we discussed the current ongoing and completed clinical trials of NDDS for gliomas therapy, and analyzed the challenges and trends faced by clinical translation of these well-designed NDDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanxin Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiyan Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huacong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Honglan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liuqing Di
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology, Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System, Nanjing 210023, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 15852937869.
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Rabha B, Bharadwaj KK, Pati S, Choudhury BK, Sarkar T, Kari ZA, Edinur HA, Baishya D, Atanase LI. Development of Polymer-Based Nanoformulations for Glioblastoma Brain Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis: An Update. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234114. [PMID: 34883617 PMCID: PMC8659151 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain cancers, mainly high-grade gliomas/glioblastoma, are characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and recurrence with an extremely poor prognosis. Despite various conventional treatment strategies, viz., resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the outcomes are still inefficient against glioblastoma. The blood–brain barrier is one of the major issues that affect the effective delivery of drugs to the brain for glioblastoma therapy. Various studies have been undergone in order to find novel therapeutic strategies for effective glioblastoma treatment. The advent of nanodiagnostics, i.e., imaging combined with therapies termed as nanotheranostics, can improve the therapeutic efficacy by determining the extent of tumour distribution prior to surgery as well as the response to a treatment regimen after surgery. Polymer nanoparticles gain tremendous attention due to their versatile nature for modification that allows precise targeting, diagnosis, and drug delivery to the brain with minimal adverse side effects. This review addresses the advancements of polymer nanoparticles in drug delivery, diagnosis, and therapy against brain cancer. The mechanisms of drug delivery to the brain of these systems and their future directions are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijuli Rabha
- Department of Bioengineering & Technology, GUIST, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India; (B.R.); (K.K.B.)
| | - Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj
- Department of Bioengineering & Technology, GUIST, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India; (B.R.); (K.K.B.)
| | - Siddhartha Pati
- Skills Innovation & Academic Network (SIAN) Institute-Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research (ABC), Balasore 756001, India;
- NatNov Bioscience Private Limited, Balasore, 756001, India
| | | | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda 732102, India;
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli 17600, Malaysia;
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Debabrat Baishya
- Department of Bioengineering & Technology, GUIST, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India; (B.R.); (K.K.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (L.I.A.)
| | - Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (L.I.A.)
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Recent advancements and future submissions of silica core-shell nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121173. [PMID: 34627997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The core-shell silica-based nanoparticles (CSNPs) possess outstanding properties for developing next-generation therapeutics. CSNPs provide greater surface area owing to their mesoporous structure, which offers a high opportunity for surface modification. This review highlights the potential of core-shell silica-based nanoparticle (CSNP) based injectable nanotherapeutics (INT); its role in drug delivery, biomedical imaging, light-triggered phototherapy, Plasmonic enhancers, gene delivery, magnetic hyperthermia, immunotherapy, and potential as next-generation theragnostic. Specifically, the conceptual crosstalk on modern synthetic strategies, biodistribution profiles with a mechanistic view on the therapeutics loading and release modeling are dealt in detail. The manuscript also converses the challenges associated with CSNPs, regulatory hurdles, and their current market position.
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Alotaibi BS, Buabeid M, Ibrahim NA, Kharaba ZJ, Ijaz M, Noreen S, Murtaza G. Potential of Nanocarrier-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Targeting: A Current Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7517-7533. [PMID: 34795481 PMCID: PMC8593899 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s333657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of nanotechnologies such as nanocarriers and nanotherapeutics has changed the treatment strategy and developed a more efficacious novel drug delivery system. Various drug delivery systems are focused on drug-targeting of brain cells. However, the manifestation of the brain barrier is the main hurdle for the effective delivery of chemotherapeutics, ultimately causing treatment failure of various drugs. To solve this problem, various nanocarrier-based drug delivery system has been developed for brain targeting. This review outlines nanocarrier-based composites for different brain diseases and highlights nanocarriers for drug targeting towards brain cells. It also summarizes the latest developments in nanocarrier-based delivery systems containing liposomal systems, dendrimers, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanocarriers, quantum dots (QDs), and gold nanoparticles. Besides, the optimal properties of nanocarriers and therapeutic implications for brain targeting have been extensively studied. Finally, the potential applications and research opportunities for nanocarriers in brain targeting are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Shadid Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nihal Abdalla Ibrahim
- Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zelal Jaber Kharaba
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Munazza Ijaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Noreen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Song J, Lu C, Leszek J, Zhang J. Design and Development of Nanomaterial-Based Drug Carriers to Overcome the Blood-Brain Barrier by Using Different Transport Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10118. [PMID: 34576281 PMCID: PMC8465340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are the leading causes of death and disabilities in the world. It is quite challenging to treat CNS diseases efficiently because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It is a physical barrier with tight junction proteins and high selectivity to limit the substance transportation between the blood and neural tissues. Thus, it is important to understand BBB transport mechanisms for developing novel drug carriers to overcome the BBB. This paper introduces the structure of the BBB and its physiological transport mechanisms. Meanwhile, different strategies for crossing the BBB by using nanomaterial-based drug carriers are reviewed, including carrier-mediated, adsorptive-mediated, and receptor-mediated transcytosis. Since the viral-induced CNS diseases are associated with BBB breakdown, various neurotropic viruses and their mechanisms on BBB disruption are reviewed and discussed, which are considered as an alternative solution to overcome the BBB. Therefore, most recent studies on virus-mimicking nanocarriers for drug delivery to cross the BBB are also reviewed and discussed. On the other hand, the routes of administration of drug-loaded nanocarriers to the CNS have been reviewed. In sum, this paper reviews and discusses various strategies and routes of nano-formulated drug delivery systems across the BBB to the brain, which will contribute to the advanced diagnosis and treatment of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
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Abdolmaleki A, Asadi A, Gurushankar K, Karimi Shayan T, Abedi Sarvestani F. Importance of Nano Medicine and New Drug Therapies for Cancer. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:450-457. [PMID: 34513619 PMCID: PMC8421622 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadly diseases leading to approximately 7.6 million deaths worldwide, with the mortality rate of 13%, and the number of deaths is expected to increase to 13.1 million within the next 10 years. In controlled drug delivery systems (DDS), the drug is transported to the desired location. Thus, the influence of drugs on vital tissues and undesirable side effects can be minimised. Additionally, DDS protects the drug from rapid degradation or clearance and enhances drug concentration in target tissues, and therefore, minimise the required dose of drug. This modern form of therapy is particularly important when there is a discrepancy between the dose and concentration of a drug. Cell-specific targeting can be achieved by attaching drugs to individually designed carriers. Recent developments in nanotechnology have shown that nanoparticles (particles with diameter < 100 nm in at least one dimension) have great potential as drug carriers. Because of their small size, these nanostructures exhibit unique physicochemical and biological properties that make them a favourable material for biomedical applications. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to describe the importance and types of nanomedicines and efficient ways in which new drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran.,Bio Science and Biotechnology Research center (BBRC), Sabalan University of Advanced Technologies (SUAT), Namin, Iran
| | - Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Krishnamoorthy Gurushankar
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk-454 080, Russia.,Department of Physics, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil- 626126, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tahereh Karimi Shayan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Patle R, Shinde S, Patel S, Maheshwari R, Jariyal H, Srivastava A, Chauhan N, Globisch C, Jain A, Tekade RK, Shard A. Discovery of boronic acid-based potent activators of tumor pyruvate kinase M2 and development of gastroretentive nanoformulation for oral dosing. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 42:128062. [PMID: 33901643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have established that cancer cells explicitly over-express the less active isoform of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is critical for tumorigenesis. The activation of PKM2 towards tetramer formation may increase affinity towards phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and avoidance of the Warburg effect. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and development of boronic acid-based molecules as activators of PKM2. The designed molecules were inspired by existing anticancer scaffolds and several fragments were assembled in the derivatives. 6a-6d were synthesized using a multi-step synthetic strategy in 55-70% yields, starting from cheap and readily available materials. The compounds were selectively cytotoxic to kill the cancerous cells at 80 nM, while they were non-toxic to the normal cells. The kinetic studies established the compounds as novel activators of PKM2 and (E/Z)-(4-(3-(2-((4-chlorophenyl)amino)-4-(dimethylamino)thiazol-5-yl)-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl) phenyl)boronic acid (6c) emerged as the most potent derivative. 6c was further evaluated using various in silico tools to understand the molecular mechanism of tetramer formation. Docking studies revealed that 6c binds to the PKM2 dimer at the dimeric interface. Further to ascertain the binding site and mechanism of action, rigorous MD (molecular dynamics) simulations were undertaken, which led to the conclusion that 6c stabilizes the center of the dimeric interface that possibly promotes tetramer formation. We further planned to make a tablet of the developed molecule for oral delivery, but it was seriously impeded owing to poor aqueous solubility of 6c. To improve aqueous solubility and retain 6c at the lower gastrointestinal tract, thiolated chitosan-based nanoparticles (TCNPs) were prepared and further developed as tablet dosage form to retain anticancer potency in the excised goat colon. Our findings may provide a valuable pharmacological mechanism for understanding metabolic underpinnings that may aid in the clinical development of new anticancer agents targeting PKM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Patle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Shital Shinde
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sagarkumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Heena Jariyal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Akshay Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Neelam Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Alok Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India.
| | - Amit Shard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, India.
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García-Estrada P, García-Bon MA, López-Naranjo EJ, Basaldúa-Pérez DN, Santos A, Navarro-Partida J. Polymeric Implants for the Treatment of Intraocular Eye Diseases: Trends in Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Materials. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:701. [PMID: 34065798 PMCID: PMC8151640 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraocular/Intravitreal implants constitute a relatively new method to treat eye diseases successfully due to the possibility of releasing drugs in a controlled and prolonged way. This particularity has made this kind of method preferred over other methods such as intravitreal injections or eye drops. However, there are some risks and complications associated with the use of eye implants, the body response being the most important. Therefore, material selection is a crucial factor to be considered for patient care since implant acceptance is closely related to the physical and chemical properties of the material from which the device is made. In this regard, there are two major categories of materials used in the development of eye implants: non-biodegradables and biodegradables. Although non-biodegradable implants are able to work as drug reservoirs, their surgical requirements make them uncomfortable and invasive for the patient and may put the eyeball at risk. Therefore, it would be expected that the human body responds better when treated with biodegradable implants due to their inherent nature and fewer surgical concerns. Thus, this review provides a summary and discussion of the most common non-biodegradable and biodegradable materials employed for the development of experimental and commercially available ocular delivery implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina García-Estrada
- Departamento de Ingenieria de Proyectos-CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.P. 45157 Zapopan, Mexico; (P.G.-E.); (M.A.G.-B.); (E.J.L.-N.); (D.N.B.-P.)
| | - Miguel A. García-Bon
- Departamento de Ingenieria de Proyectos-CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.P. 45157 Zapopan, Mexico; (P.G.-E.); (M.A.G.-B.); (E.J.L.-N.); (D.N.B.-P.)
| | - Edgar J. López-Naranjo
- Departamento de Ingenieria de Proyectos-CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.P. 45157 Zapopan, Mexico; (P.G.-E.); (M.A.G.-B.); (E.J.L.-N.); (D.N.B.-P.)
| | - Dulce N. Basaldúa-Pérez
- Departamento de Ingenieria de Proyectos-CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.P. 45157 Zapopan, Mexico; (P.G.-E.); (M.A.G.-B.); (E.J.L.-N.); (D.N.B.-P.)
| | - Arturo Santos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Guadalajara, C.P. 45138 Zapopan, Mexico;
| | - Jose Navarro-Partida
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Guadalajara, C.P. 45138 Zapopan, Mexico;
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Anup N, Chavan T, Chavan S, Polaka S, Kalyane D, Abed SN, Venugopala KN, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Reinforced electrospun nanofiber composites for drug delivery applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2036-2064. [PMID: 33834610 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun technology becomes a valuable means of fabricating functional polymeric nanofibers with distinctive morphological properties for drug delivery applications. Nanofibers are prepared from the polymer solution, which allows the direct incorporation of therapeutics such as small drug molecules, genes, and proteins by merely mixing them into the polymeric solution. Due to their biocompatibility, adhesiveness, sterility, and efficiency in delivering diverse cargoes, electrospun nanofibers have gained much attention. This review discusses the capabilities of the electrospun nanofibers in delivering different therapeutics like small molecules, genes, and proteins to their desired target site for treating various ailments. The potential of nanofibers in administering through multiple administration routes and the associated challenges has also been expounded along with a cross-talk about the commercial products of nanofibers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Anup
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Tejas Chavan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Shruti Chavan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Suryanarayana Polaka
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kalyane
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Sara Nidal Abed
- School of Science, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Departments of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Gandhinagar, India
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Zhi K, Raji B, Nookala AR, Khan MM, Nguyen XH, Sakshi S, Pourmotabbed T, Yallapu MM, Kochat H, Tadrous E, Pernell S, Kumar S. PLGA Nanoparticle-Based Formulations to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier for Drug Delivery: From R&D to cGMP. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040500. [PMID: 33917577 PMCID: PMC8067506 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural obstacle for drug delivery into the human brain, hindering treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as acute ischemic stroke, brain tumors, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated neurocognitive disorders. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biocompatible polymer that is used in Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmaceutical products and medical devices. PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to improve drug penetration across the BBB both in vitro and in vivo. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poloxamer (Pluronic) are widely used as excipients to further improve the stability and effectiveness of PLGA formulations. Peptides and other linkers can be attached on the surface of PLGA to provide targeting delivery. With the newly published guidance from the FDA and the progress of current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) technologies, manufacturing PLGA NP-based drug products can be achieved with higher efficiency, larger quantity, and better quality. The translation from bench to bed is feasible with proper research, concurrent development, quality control, and regulatory assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaining Zhi
- Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 208 South Dudley Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (B.R.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (S.K.)
| | - Babatunde Raji
- Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 208 South Dudley Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (B.R.); (H.K.)
| | | | - Mohammad Moshahid Khan
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Xuyen H. Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (X.H.N.); (S.S.); (E.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Swarna Sakshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (X.H.N.); (S.S.); (E.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Tayebeh Pourmotabbed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA;
| | - Harry Kochat
- Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 208 South Dudley Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (B.R.); (H.K.)
| | - Erene Tadrous
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (X.H.N.); (S.S.); (E.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Shelby Pernell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (X.H.N.); (S.S.); (E.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (X.H.N.); (S.S.); (E.T.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (S.K.)
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Glucosamine-conjugated nanoseeds for chemo-magneto hyperthermia therapy of cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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40
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Nanomedicines accessible in the market for clinical interventions. J Control Release 2021; 330:372-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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El-Fakharany EM. Nanoformulation of lactoferrin potentiates its activity and enhances novel biotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:970-984. [PMID: 33011258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
Brain tumors, especially glioblastoma, remain the most aggressive form of all the cancers because of inefficient diagnosis and profiling. Nanostructures, such as metallic nanostructures, silica nano-vehicles, quantum dots, lipid nanoparticles (NPs) and polymeric NPs, with high specificity have made it possible to permeate the blood–brain barrier (BBB). NPs possess optical, magnetic and photodynamic properties that can be exploited by surface modification, bio composition, contrast agents’ encapsulation and coating by tumor-derived cells. Hence, nanotechnology has brought on a revolution in the field of diagnosis and imaging of brain tumors and cancers. Recently, nanomaterials with biomimetic functions have been introduced to efficiently cross the BBB to be engulfed by deep skin tumors and cancer malignancies for imaging. The review focuses on nanotechnology-based diagnostic and imaging approaches for exploration in brain tumors and cancers. Moreover, the review also summarizes a few strategies to image glioblastoma and cancers by multimodal functional nanocomposites for more precise and accurate clinical diagnosis. Their unique physicochemical attributes, including nanoscale sizes, larger surface area, explicit structural features and ability to encapsulate diverse molecules on their surface, render nanostructured materials as excellent nano-vehicles to cross the blood–brain barrier and convey drug molecules to their target region. This review sheds light on the current progress of various kinds of nanomaterials, such as liposomes, nano-micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, carbon dots and NPs (gold, silver and zinc oxide NPs), for efficient drug delivery in the treatment and diagnosis of brain cancer.
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Maysinger D, Zhang Q, Kakkar A. Dendrimers as Modulators of Brain Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E4489. [PMID: 33007959 PMCID: PMC7582352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured hyperbranched macromolecules have been extensively studied at the chemical, physical and morphological levels. The cellular structural and functional complexity of neural cells and their cross-talk have made it rather difficult to evaluate dendrimer effects in a mixed population of glial cells and neurons. Thus, we are at a relatively early stage of bench-to-bedside translation, and this is due mainly to the lack of data valuable for clinical investigations. It is only recently that techniques have become available that allow for analyses of biological processes inside the living cells, at the nanoscale, in real time. This review summarizes the essential properties of neural cells and dendrimers, and provides a cross-section of biological, pre-clinical and early clinical studies, where dendrimers were used as nanocarriers. It also highlights some examples of biological studies employing dendritic polyglycerol sulfates and their effects on glia and neurons. It is the aim of this review to encourage young scientists to advance mechanistic and technological approaches in dendrimer research so that these extremely versatile and attractive nanostructures gain even greater recognition in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada;
| | - Qiaochu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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Development of Metronidazole Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Using QbD Approach-A Novel and Potential Antibacterial Formulation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100920. [PMID: 32992903 PMCID: PMC7601138 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design, optimize, and develop metronidazole (Met) loaded nanoparticles (MetNp) by employing quality-based design (QbD) as well as a risk assessment methodology. A fractional factorial design was used by selecting five independent variables viz., chitosan concentration, tripolyphosphate concentration, and acetic acid concentration as material attributes, stirring speed, and stirring time as process parameters, whereby their influence on two dependent variables such as particle size (PS) and %entrapment efficiency (%EE) was studied. MetNp were synthesized by employing an ionic-gelation technique and optimized formula obtained from the QbD design study. PS and %EE studies revealed the formation of MetNp with 558.06 ± 2.52 nm and 59.07 ± 2.15%, respectively. Furthermore, a Met release study in various simulated gastro-intestinal media suggested pH-triggered (pH > 7.0) and sustained release profile of Met from Eudragit S100 enteric-coated MetNp capsule (MetNp cap). Moreover, the stability investigation of formulations confirmed good stability with respect to their PS and residual drug content (RDC) at different temperature conditions. In conclusion, the QbD method was effectively utilized in the development of MetNp and enteric-coated MetNp cap depicting their potential to release Met through MetNp cap only in the colon region and can be utilized for the treatment of amoebiasis in the colon.
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Patel G, Thakur NS, Kushwah V, Patil MD, Nile SH, Jain S, Banerjee UC, Kai G. Liposomal Delivery of Mycophenolic Acid With Quercetin for Improved Breast Cancer Therapy in SD Rats. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:631. [PMID: 32612988 PMCID: PMC7308462 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the influence of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in combination therapy with quercetin (QC) (impeding MPA metabolic rate) delivered using the liposomal nanoparticles (LNPs). Mycophenolic acid liposome nanoparticles (MPA-LNPs) and quercetin liposome nanoparticles (QC-LNPs) were individually prepared and comprehensively characterized. The size of prepared MPA-LNPs and QC-LNPs were found to be 183 ± 13 and 157 ± 09.8, respectively. The in vitro studies revealed the higher cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of combined therapy (MPA-LNPs + QC-LNPs) compared to individual ones. Moreover pharmacokinetics studies in female SD-rat shown higher T 1 / 2 value (1.94 fold) of combined therapy compared to MPA. Furthermore, in vivo anticancer activity in combination of MPA-LNPs and QC-LNPs was also significantly higher related to other treatments groups. The combination therapy of liposomes revealed the new therapeutic approach for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Patel
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Neeraj Singh Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Varun Kushwah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Mahesh D. Patil
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Uttam Chand Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Raval N, Jogi H, Gondaliya P, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Cyclo-RGD Truncated Polymeric Nanoconstruct with Dendrimeric Templates for Targeted HDAC4 Gene Silencing in a Diabetic Nephropathy Mouse Model. Mol Pharm 2020; 18:641-666. [PMID: 32453574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a chronic progressive kidney disease, is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus. Dysregulation of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DN. Hence, the HDAC-inhibitors have emerged as a critical class of therapeutic agents in DN; however, the currently available HDAC4-inhibitors are mostly nonselective in nature as well as inhibit multiple HDACs. RNA interference of HDAC4 (HDAC4 siRNA) has shown immense promise, but the clinical translation has been impeded due to lack of a targeted, specific, and in vivo applicable delivery modality. In the present investigation, we examined Cyclo(RGDfC) (cRGD) truncated polymeric nanoplex with dendrimeric templates for targeted HDAC4 Gene Silencing. The developed nanoplex exhibited enhanced encapsulation of siRNA and offered superior protection against serum RNase nucleases degradation. The nanoplex was tested on podocytes (in vitro), wherein it showed selective binding to the αvβ3 integrin receptor, active cellular uptake, and significant in vitro gene silencing. The in vivo experiments showed remarkable suppression of the HDAC4 and inhibition in the progression of renal fibrosis in the Streptozotocin (STZ) induced DN C57BL/6 mice model. Histopathological and toxicological studies revealed nonsignificant abnormality/toxicity with the nanoplex. Conclusively, nanoplex was found as a promising tactic for targeted therapy of podocytes and could be extended for other kidney-related ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Raval
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Hardi Jogi
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Piyush Gondaliya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj (An Institute of National Importance), Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
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Alves JSF, Silva AMDS, da Silva RM, Tiago PRF, de Carvalho TG, de Araújo Júnior RF, de Azevedo EP, Lopes NP, Ferreira LDS, Gavioli EC, da Silva-Júnior AA, Zucolotto SM. In Vivo Antidepressant Effect of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa into Cationic Nanoparticles: Improving Bioactivity and Safety. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E383. [PMID: 32326277 PMCID: PMC7238140 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of neuroactive flavonoids can be found in the species of the Passiflora genus; however, their difficulty in crossing the blood-brain barrier limits their in vivo neuropharmacological activity. In this study, cationic nanoparticles were developed as a novel nanocarrier for improving the antidepressant activity of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa leaf extract. Formulations obtained using Eudragit E PO polymethylmethacrylate copolymer, as polymeric matrix had their physicochemical properties investigated. The analytical content of the flavonoids vicenin-2, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin was determined in the plant extract. Small-sized and spherical nanoparticles loaded with Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa were obtained with positive zeta potential and high encapsulation efficiency. In addition, the nanosystems were shown to be stable for at least 6 months. The antidepressant activity of P. edulis extract (50 and 100 mg/kg) as well as the extract-loaded nanoparticles (5 mg/kg) were investigated in mice using the forced swimming test, where the latter increased the potency of the former by 10-fold. In addition, histopathological and biochemical analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the extract-loaded nanoparticles. This study demonstrated that the Eudragit cationic nanoparticles were able to improve the antidepressant activity of P. edulis in the central nervous system of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovelina Samara Ferreira Alves
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.012-570, Brazil;
| | - Alaine Maria dos Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology (TecBioFar), Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.012-570, Brazil (A.A.d.S.-J.)
| | - Rodrigo Moreira da Silva
- Nucleus Research in Natural and Synthetic Products (NPPNS), Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14.040-903, Brazil; (R.M.d.S.); (N.P.L.)
| | - Pamella Rebeca Fernandes Tiago
- Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.078-970, Brazil; (P.R.F.T.); (E.C.G.)
| | - Thais Gomes de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Departament of Morfology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.078-970, Brazil; (T.G.d.C.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Departament of Morfology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.078-970, Brazil; (T.G.d.C.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Laureate International Universities—Universidade Potiguar (UnP), Natal 59.056-000, Brazil;
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Nucleus Research in Natural and Synthetic Products (NPPNS), Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14.040-903, Brazil; (R.M.d.S.); (N.P.L.)
| | - Leandro De Santis Ferreira
- Laboratory of Quality Control of Medications (LCQMed), Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.012-570, Brazil;
| | - Elaine Cristina Gavioli
- Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.078-970, Brazil; (P.R.F.T.); (E.C.G.)
| | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology (TecBioFar), Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.012-570, Brazil (A.A.d.S.-J.)
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Research Group on Bioactive Natural Products (PNBio), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59.012-570, Brazil;
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Gadeval A, Maheshwari R, Raval N, Kalyane D, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Green graphene nanoplates for combined photo-chemo-thermal therapy of triple-negative breast cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:581-601. [PMID: 32093526 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Green graphene oxide (GO) nanoplates, which are reduced and stabilized by quercetin and guided by folate receptors (quercetin reduced and loaded GO nanoparticles-folic acid [FA]), were developed to mediate combined photo-chemo-thermal therapy of triple-negative breast cancer. Materials & methods: Modified Hummers method was used for the synthesis of GO followed by its reduction using quercetin, FA was then conjugated as a targeting ligand. A cytotoxicity assay, apoptosis assay and cellular uptake assay were performed in vitro in MDA-MB-231 cell line with and without irradiation of a near-infrared 808 nm laser. Results & conclusion: Quercetin reduced and loaded GO nanoparticles-FA showed significantly high cellular uptake (p < 0.001) and cytotoxic effects in MDA-MB-231 cells, which was even more prominent under the situation of near-infrared 808 nm laser irradiation, making it a potential option for treating triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Gadeval
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidhi Raval
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kalyane
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
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Dallavalle S, Dobričić V, Lazzarato L, Gazzano E, Machuqueiro M, Pajeva I, Tsakovska I, Zidar N, Fruttero R. Improvement of conventional anti-cancer drugs as new tools against multidrug resistant tumors. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 50:100682. [PMID: 32087558 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the dominant cause of the failure of cancer chemotherapy. The design of antitumor drugs that are able to evade MDR is rapidly evolving, showing that this area of biomedical research attracts great interest in the scientific community. The current review explores promising recent approaches that have been developed with the aim of circumventing or overcoming MDR. Encouraging results have been obtained in the investigation of the MDR-modulating properties of various classes of natural compounds and their analogues. Inhibition of P-gp or downregulation of its expression have proven to be the main mechanisms by which MDR can be surmounted. The use of hybrid molecules that are able to simultaneously interact with two or more cancer cell targets is currently being explored as a means to circumvent drug resistance. This strategy is based on the design of hybrid compounds that are obtained either by merging the structural features of separate drugs, or by conjugating two drugs or pharmacophores via cleavable/non-cleavable linkers. The approach is highly promising due to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic advantages that can be achieved over the independent administration of the two individual components. However, it should be stressed that the task of obtaining successful multivalent drugs is a very challenging one. The conjugation of anticancer agents with nitric oxide (NO) donors has recently been developed, creating a particular class of hybrid that can combat tumor drug resistance. Appropriate NO donors have been shown to reverse drug resistance via nitration of ABC transporters and by interfering with a number of metabolic enzymes and signaling pathways. In fact, hybrid compounds that are produced by covalently attaching NO-donors and antitumor drugs have been shown to elicit a synergistic cytotoxic effect in a variety of drug resistant cancer cell lines. Another strategy to circumvent MDR is based on nanocarrier-mediated transport and the controlled release of chemotherapeutic drugs and P-gp inhibitors. Their pharmacokinetics are governed by the nanoparticle or polymer carrier and make use of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect, which can increase selective delivery to cancer cells. These systems are usually internalized by cancer cells via endocytosis and accumulate in endosomes and lysosomes, thus preventing rapid efflux. Other modalities to combat MDR are described in this review, including the pharmaco-modulation of acridine, which is a well-known scaffold in the development of bioactive compounds, the use of natural compounds as means to reverse MDR, and the conjugation of anticancer drugs with carriers that target specific tumor-cell components. Finally, the outstanding potential of in silico structure-based methods as a means to evaluate the ability of antitumor drugs to interact with drug transporters is also highlighted in this review. Structure-based design methods, which utilize 3D structural data of proteins and their complexes with ligands, are the most effective of the in silico methods available, as they provide a prediction regarding the interaction between transport proteins and their substrates and inhibitors. The recently resolved X-ray structure of human P-gp can help predict the interaction sites of designed compounds, providing insight into their binding mode and directing possible rational modifications to prevent them from becoming P-gp drug substrates. In summary, although major efforts were invested in the search for new tools to combat drug resistant tumors, they all require further implementation and methodological development. Further investigation and progress in the abovementioned strategies will provide significant advances in the rational combat against cancer MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vladimir Dobričić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Miguel Machuqueiro
- BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, C8 Building, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ilza Pajeva
- QSAR and Molecular Modelling Department, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Block 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivanka Tsakovska
- QSAR and Molecular Modelling Department, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Block 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nace Zidar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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Mycophenolate co-administration with quercetin via lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for enhanced breast cancer management. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 24:102147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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