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Kejžar J, Mrak P, Osojnik Črnivec IG, Poklar Ulrih N. Influence of archaeal lipids isolated from Aeropyrum pernix K1 on physicochemical properties of sphingomyelin-cholesterol liposomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184374. [PMID: 39053569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the influence of archaeal lipids (C25,25) isolated from thermophilic archaeon Aeropyrum pernix K1 on physicochemical properties of liposomes comprised of egg sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (CH) using fluorescence emission anisotropy, calcein release studies, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and phase analysis light scattering. The 2 mol% addition of archaeal lipids enabled formation of small unilamellar vesicles by sonication while also having significant effect on reducing mean size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of C25,25/SM/CH vesicles. Increasing the ratio of C25,25 lipids in mixture of C25,25/SM/CH decreased lipid ordering parameter in dose dependent manner at different temperatures. We also demonstrated that adding 15 mol% C25,25 to SM/CH mixture will cause it to notably interact with fetal bovine serum which could make them a viable alternative adjuvant to synthetic ether-linked lipids in development of advanced liposomal vaccine delivery systems. The prospect of combining the proven strengths of SM/CH mixtures with the unique properties of C25,25 opens exciting possibilities for advancing drug delivery technologies, promising to yield formulations that are both highly effective and adaptable to a range of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kejžar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polona Mrak
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ilja Gasan Osojnik Črnivec
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Poklar Ulrih
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; The Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins (CipKeBiP), Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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2
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Agbayani G, Akache B, Renner TM, Tran A, Stuible M, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Duque D, Bavananthasivam J, Deschatelets L, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Durocher Y, McCluskie MJ. Intranasal administration of unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen boosts antigen-specific immune responses induced by parenteral protein subunit vaccine prime in mice and hamsters. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350620. [PMID: 38561974 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across widely vaccinated populations, it remains important to develop new vaccines and vaccination strategies capable of providing protective immunity and limiting the spread of disease. Heterologous prime-boost vaccination based on the selection of different vaccine formulations and administration routes for priming and booster doses presents a promising strategy for inducing broader immune responses in key systemic and respiratory mucosal compartments. Intranasal vaccination can induce mucosal immune responses at the site of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, the lack of clinically approved mucosal adjuvants makes it difficult to induce robust immune responses with protein subunit vaccines. Herein, we evaluated the immunogenicity of heterologous prime-boost regimens in mice and hamsters based on a parenteral vaccination of the antigen in combination with sulfated lactosylarchaeol (SLA) archaeosomes, a liposome adjuvant comprised of a single semisynthetic archaeal lipid, followed by an intranasally administered unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. Intranasal administration of unadjuvanted spike to mice and hamsters increased serum spike-specific IgG titers and spike-neutralizing activity compared with nonboosted animals. Spike-specific IgA responses were also detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the lungs of mice that received an intranasal boost. In hamsters, the intranasal boost showed high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection by protecting from body weight loss and reducing viral titers in the lungs and nasal turbinate. Overall, our heterologous intramuscular prime-intranasal boost with SLA-adjuvanted and unadjuvanted spike, respectively, demonstrated the potential of protein subunit formulations to promote antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler M Renner
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anh Tran
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jegarubee Bavananthasivam
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Moradi M, Vahedi F, Abbassioun A, Ramezanpour Shahi A, Sholeh M, Taheri‐Anganeh M, Dargahi Z, Ghanavati R, Khatami SH, Movahedpour A. Liposomal delivery system/adjuvant for tuberculosis vaccine. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e867. [PMID: 37382263 PMCID: PMC10251763 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As reported by the World Health Organization, about 10 million individuals were infected with tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Moreover, approximately 1.5 million people died of TB, of which 214,000 were infected with HIV simultaneously. Due to the high infection rate, the need for effective TB vaccination is highly felt. Until now, various methodologies have been proposed for the development of a protein subunit vaccine for TB. These vaccines have shown higher protection than other vaccines, particularly the Bacillus culture vaccine. The delivery system and safety regulator are common characteristics of effective adjuvants in TB vaccines and the clinical trial stage. The present study investigates the current state of TB adjuvant research focusing on the liposomal adjuvant system. Based on our findings, the liposomal system is a safe and efficient adjuvant from nanosize to microsize for vaccinations against TB, other intracellular infections, and malignancies. Clinical studies can provide valuable feedback for developing novel TB adjuvants, which ultimately enhance the impact of adjuvants on next-generation TB vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | - Farzaneh Vahedi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Arian Abbassioun
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary MediceneUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Arash Ramezanpour Shahi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Poultry diseases and hygiene Resident, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineShahrekord UniversityShahrekordIran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of BacteriologyPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Mortaza Taheri‐Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research InstituteUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | - Zahra Dargahi
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | | | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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4
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Akache B, Read AJ, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Williams D, Deschatelets L, Jia Y, Chandan V, Stark FC, Agbayani G, Makinen SR, Hemraz UD, Lam E, Régnier S, Zou W, Kirkland PD, McCluskie MJ. Sulfated Lactosyl Archaeol Archaeosome-Adjuvanted Vaccine Formulations Targeting Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Are Immunogenic and Efficacious. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1043. [PMID: 37376432 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines play an important role in maintaining human and animal health worldwide. There is continued demand for effective and safe adjuvants capable of enhancing antigen-specific responses to a target pathogen. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a highly contagious calicivirus that often induces high mortality rates in rabbits. Herein, we evaluated the activity of an experimental sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) archaeosome adjuvant when incorporated in subunit vaccine formulations targeting RHDV. The subunit antigens consisted of RHDV-CRM197 peptide conjugates or recombinant RHDV2 VP60. SLA was able to enhance antigen-specific antibody titers and cellular responses in mice and rabbits. Three weeks following immunization, antigen-specific antibody levels in rabbits vaccinated with RHDV2 VP60 + SLA were significantly higher than those immunized with antigen alone, with geomean titers of 7393 vs. 117. In addition, the SLA-adjuvanted VP60-based formulations were highly efficacious in a rabbit RHDV2 challenge model with up to 87.5% animals surviving the viral challenge. These findings demonstrate the potential utility of SLA adjuvants in veterinary applications and highlight its activity in different types of mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Andrew J Read
- Virology Laboratory, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW 2567, Australia
| | - Renu Dudani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Dean Williams
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Yimei Jia
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Vandana Chandan
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Shawn R Makinen
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Edmond Lam
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Wei Zou
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Peter D Kirkland
- Virology Laboratory, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW 2567, Australia
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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5
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Romero EL, Morilla MJ. Ether lipids from archaeas in nano-drug delivery and vaccination. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122632. [PMID: 36690132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Archaea are microorganisms more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria. Almost 50 years after being defined as a new domain of life on earth, new species continue to be discovered and their phylogeny organized. The study of the relationship between their genetics and metabolism and some of their extreme habitats has even positioned them as a model of extraterrestrial life forms. Archaea, however, are deeply connected to the life of our planet: they can be found in arid, acidic, warm areas; on most of the earth's surface, which is cold (below 5 °C), playing a prominent role in the cycles of organic materials on a global scale and they are even part of our microbiota. The constituent materials of these microorganisms differ radically from those produced by eukaryotes and bacteria, and the nanoparticles that can be manufactured using their ether lipids as building blocks exhibit unique properties that are of interest in nanomedicine. Here, we present for the first time a complete overview of the pre-clinical applications of nanomedicines based on ether archaea lipids, focused on drug delivery and adjuvancy over the last 25 years, along with a discussion on their pros, cons and their future industrial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder Lilia Romero
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria Jose Morilla
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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Renner TM, Akache B, Stuible M, Rohani N, Cepero-Donates Y, Deschatelets L, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Baardsnes J, Koyuturk I, Hill JJ, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Lenferink AEG, Durocher Y, McCluskie MJ. Tuning the immune response: sulfated archaeal glycolipid archaeosomes as an effective vaccine adjuvant for induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity towards the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182556. [PMID: 37122746 PMCID: PMC10140330 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes composed of sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) have been shown to be a safe and effective vaccine adjuvant with a multitude of antigens in preclinical studies. In particular, SLA-adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines based on trimeric spike protein antigens were shown to be immunogenic and efficacious in mice and hamsters. With the continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, we sought to evaluate next-generation vaccine formulations with an updated antigenic identity. This was of particular interest for the widespread Omicron variant, given the abundance of mutations and structural changes observed within its spike protein compared to other variants. An updated version of our resistin-trimerized SmT1 corresponding to the B.1.1.529 variant was successfully generated in our Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell-based antigen production platform and characterized, revealing some differences in protein profile and ACE2 binding affinity as compared to reference strain-based SmT1. We next evaluated this Omicron-based spike antigen for its immunogenicity and ability to generate robust antigen-specific immune responses when paired with SLA liposomes or AddaS03 (a mimetic of the AS03 oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant system found in commercialized SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccines). Immunization of mice with vaccine formulations containing this updated antigen with either adjuvant stimulated neutralizing antibody responses favouring Omicron over the reference strain. Cell-mediated responses, which play an important role in the neutralization of intracellular infections, were induced to a much higher degree with the SLA adjuvant relative to the AddaS03-adjuvanted formulations. As such, updated vaccines that are better capable of targeting towards SARS-CoV-2 variants can be generated through an optimized combination of antigen and adjuvant components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M. Renner
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nazanin Rohani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lise Deschatelets
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Blair A. Harrison
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jason Baardsnes
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Izel Koyuturk
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer J. Hill
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Usha D. Hemraz
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne E. G. Lenferink
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Michael J. McCluskie,
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7
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Jia Y, Agbayani G, Chandan V, Iqbal U, Dudani R, Qian H, Jakubek Z, Chan K, Harrison B, Deschatelets L, Akache B, McCluskie MJ. Evaluation of Adjuvant Activity and Bio-Distribution of Archaeosomes Prepared Using Microfluidic Technology. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2291. [PMID: 36365110 PMCID: PMC9697222 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Archaeosomes, composed of sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) glycolipids, have been proven to be an effective vaccine adjuvant in multiple preclinical models of infectious disease or cancer. They have classically been prepared using a thin-film hydration method with an average particle size of 100-200 nm. In this study, we developed methods to generate SLA archaeosomes at different sizes, i.e., 30 nm and 100 nm, via microfluidic mixing technology and evaluated their physicochemical characteristics, as well as adjuvant activity and in vivo biodistribution in mice. Archaeosomes, prepared using thin-film and microfluidic mixing techniques, had similar nanostructures and physicochemical characteristics, with both appearing stable during the course of this study when stored at 4 °C or 37 °C. They also demonstrated similar adjuvant activity when admixed with ovalbumin antigen and used to immunize mice, generating equivalent antigen-specific immune responses. Archaeosomes, labeled with CellVueTM NIR815, had an equivalent biodistribution with both sizes, namely the highest signal at the injection site at 24 h post injection, followed by liver, spleen and inguinal lymph node. The presence of SLA archaeosomes of either size helped to retain OVA antigen (OVA-Cy5.5) longer at the injection site than unadjuvanted OVA. Overall, archaeosomes of two sizes (30 nm and 100 nm) prepared using microfluidic mixing maintained similar physicochemical properties, adjuvant activity and biodistribution of antigen, in comparison to those compared by the conventional thin film hydration method. This suggests that microfluidics based approaches could be applied to generate consistently sized archaeosomes for use as a vaccine adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Umar Iqbal
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Hui Qian
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G2M9, Canada
| | - Zygmunt Jakubek
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Kenneth Chan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Blair Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada
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8
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Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens derived from Beta & Delta variants of concern. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:118. [PMID: 36224247 PMCID: PMC9555707 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00540-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Using our strongly immunogenic SmT1 SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen platform, we developed antigens based on the Beta & Delta variants of concern (VOC). These antigens elicited higher neutralizing antibody activity to the corresponding variant than comparable vaccine formulations based on the original reference strain, while a multivalent vaccine generated cross-neutralizing activity in all three variants. This suggests that while current vaccines may be effective at reducing severe disease to existing VOC, variant-specific antigens, whether in a mono- or multivalent vaccine, may be required to induce optimal immune responses and reduce infection against arising variants.
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9
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Vesicular and Planar Membranes of Archaea Lipids: Unusual Physical Properties and Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147616. [PMID: 35886964 PMCID: PMC9319432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes and planar membranes made of archaea or archaea-like lipids exhibit many unusual physical properties compared to model membranes composed of conventional diester lipids. Here, we review several recent findings in this research area, which include (1) thermosensitive archaeosomes with the capability to drastically change the membrane surface charge, (2) MthK channel's capability to insert into tightly packed tetraether black lipid membranes and exhibit channel activity with surprisingly high calcium sensitivity, and (3) the intercalation of apolar squalane into the midplane space of diether bilayers to impede proton permeation. We also review the usage of tetraether archaeosomes as nanocarriers of therapeutics and vaccine adjuvants, as well as the biomedical applications of planar archaea lipid membranes. The discussion on archaeosomal therapeutics is focused on partially purified tetraether lipid fractions such as the polar lipid fraction E (PLFE) and glyceryl caldityl tetraether (GCTE), which are the main components of PLFE with the sugar and phosphate removed.
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10
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Régnier S, Lam E, Vasquez V, Martinez-Farina CF, Stark FC, Agbayani G, Deschatelets L, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Akache B, McCluskie MJ, Hemraz UD. Effect of Chiral Purity on Adjuvanticity of Archaeol-Based Glycolipids. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8332-8344. [PMID: 35658102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Archaeosomes composed of sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) glycolipids from stereoisomerically pure archaeol (1) are vaccine adjuvants that can boost immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy in preclinical models. Herein, we report a new synthesis of 2,3-bis((3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecyl)oxy) propan-1-ol (3) by treating (±)-3-benzyloxy-1,2-propanediol with a mesylated phytol derivative through a double nucleophilic substitution reaction, followed by reductive debenzylation. Three SLA archaeosomes from archaeols of different chiral purities were prepared, and the effect of stereochemistry on their adjuvanticity toward ovalbumin was investigated. It was found that all SLA archaeosomes induced strong humoral and cell-mediated antigen-specific immune responses following immunization of C57BL/6NCrl mice, with no significant differences, irrespective of the chiral purities. The responses were comparable or better than those obtained using mimetics of approved adjuvants. The performance of SLA archaeosomes during immunization and their lack of dependence on the stereochemistry of archaeol points toward a promising, safe, scalable, and economically viable vaccine adjuvant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Edmond Lam
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Vinicio Vasquez
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Camilo F Martinez-Farina
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
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11
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Akache B, Stark FC, Agbayani G, Renner TM, McCluskie MJ. Adjuvants: Engineering Protective Immune Responses in Human and Veterinary Vaccines. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2412:179-231. [PMID: 34918246 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1892-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvants are key components of many vaccines, used to enhance the level and breadth of the immune response to a target antigen, thereby enhancing protection from the associated disease. In recent years, advances in our understanding of the innate and adaptive immune systems have allowed for the development of a number of novel adjuvants with differing mechanisms of action. Herein, we review adjuvants currently approved for human and veterinary use, describing their use and proposed mechanisms of action. In addition, we will discuss additional promising adjuvants currently undergoing preclinical and/or clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler M Renner
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Akache B, Jia Y, Chandan V, Deschatelets L, McCluskie MJ. Generation of a Liposomal Vaccine Adjuvant Based on Sulfated S-Lactosylarchaeol (SLA) Glycolipids. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2412:255-267. [PMID: 34918249 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1892-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine formulations utilize adjuvants to enhance the level and breadth of the immune response to a target antigen. Liposomes composed of sulfated S-lactosylarchaeol (SLA) glycolipids can induce strong humoral and cell-mediated antigen-specific immune responses to co-administered antigens in mice. This has been demonstrated with a variety of protein antigens, where the protein is either encapsulated within or simply admixed with the archaeal liposomes (archaeosomes). In this process, a dried film of SLA glycolipid is hydrated in water or antigen solution to generate a large multilamellar (ML) liposomal suspension which is then size reduced by sonication to form unilamellar vesicles (UL) with a narrower size distribution. Herein, we describe the generation of liposomes based on the archaeal-based lipid SLA for use as an adjuvant in vaccine formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Singh A. A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Approaches Available for the Treatment of Dermatitis. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 16:172-197. [PMID: 34365934 DOI: 10.2174/1872210515666210806143015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatitis or eczema is a prevalent skin disorder worldwide and is also very common as a pediatric inflammatory skin disorder. Its succession gets worse with the multiple comorbidities which exhibit mechanisms that are poorly understood. Its management further becomes a challenge due to the limited effective treatment options available. However, the Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) along with new targeting strategies can easily bypass the issues associated with dermatitis management. If we compare the active constituents against phytoconstituents effective against dermatitis then phytoconstituents can be perceived to be more safe and gentle. OBJECTIVE Administration of NDDS of plant extract or actives displays improved absorption behavior, which helps them to permeate through lipid-rich biological membrane leading to increased bioavailability. The newer efficient discoveries related to eczema can face various exploitations. This can be intervened by the subjection of patent rights, which not only safeguard the novel works of individual(s) but also give them the opportunity to share details of their inventions with people globally. CONCLUSION The present review focuses on the available research about the use of nanoformulations in the topical delivery. It further elaborates the use of different animal models as the basis to characterize the different features of dermatitis. The review also highlights the recent nanoformulations which have the ability to amplify the delivery of active agents through their incorporation in transfersomes, ethosomes, niosomes or phytosomes, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
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14
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Akache B, Renner TM, Tran A, Deschatelets L, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Duque D, Haukenfrers J, Rossotti MA, Gaudreault F, Hemraz UD, Lam E, Régnier S, Chen W, Gervais C, Stuible M, Krishnan L, Durocher Y, McCluskie MJ. Immunogenic and efficacious SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on resistin-trimerized spike antigen SmT1 and SLA archaeosome adjuvant. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21849. [PMID: 34750472 PMCID: PMC8576046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The huge worldwide demand for vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2 has necessitated the continued development of novel improved formulations capable of reducing the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we evaluated novel protein subunit vaccine formulations containing a resistin-trimerized spike antigen, SmT1. When combined with sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) archaeosome adjuvant, formulations induced robust antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. Antibodies had strong neutralizing activity, preventing viral spike binding and viral infection. In addition, the formulations were highly efficacious in a hamster challenge model reducing viral load and body weight loss even after a single vaccination. The antigen-specific antibodies generated by our vaccine formulations had stronger neutralizing activity than human convalescent plasma, neutralizing the spike proteins of the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants of concern. As such, our SmT1 antigen along with SLA archaeosome adjuvant comprise a promising platform for the development of efficacious protein subunit vaccine formulations for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Tyler M Renner
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Anh Tran
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Julie Haukenfrers
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Martin A Rossotti
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Francis Gaudreault
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Edmond Lam
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Wangxue Chen
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Christian Gervais
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Liu Z, Xu N, Zhao L, Yu J, Zhang P. Bifunctional lipids in tumor vaccines: An outstanding delivery carrier and promising immune stimulator. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121078. [PMID: 34500059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still a major threat for human life, and the cancer immunotherapy can be more optimized to prolong life. However, the effect of immunotherapy is not encouraging. In order to achieve outstanding immune effect, it is necessary to strengthen antigens uptake of antigen presenting cells. Adjuvants were added to vaccines to achieve this purpose, which could be divided into two types: as an immunostimulatory molecule, the innate immunities of the body were triggered; or as a delivery carrier, and antigens were cross-delivery through the "cytoplasmic pathway" and released at a specific location. This paper reviewed the relevant research status of tumor vaccine immune adjuvants in recent years. Among the review, the function, combination strategies and derivatives of lipid A were discussed in detail. In addition, some suggestions on the existing problems and research direction of lipids as tumor vaccine adjuvants were put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Liu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Adamiak N, Krawczyk KT, Locht C, Kowalewicz-Kulbat M. Archaeosomes and Gas Vesicles as Tools for Vaccine Development. Front Immunol 2021; 12:746235. [PMID: 34567012 PMCID: PMC8462270 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Archaea are prokaryotic organisms that were classified as a new domain in 1990. Archaeal cellular components and metabolites have found various applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Some archaeal lipids can be used to produce archaeosomes, a new family of liposomes that exhibit high stability to temperatures, pH and oxidative conditions. Additionally, archaeosomes can be efficient antigen carriers and adjuvants promoting humoral and cellular immune responses. Some archaea produce gas vesicles, which are nanoparticles released by the archaea that increase the buoyancy of the cells and facilitate an upward flotation in water columns. Purified gas vesicles display a great potential for bioengineering, due to their high stability, immunostimulatory properties and uptake across cell membranes. Both archaeosomes and archaeal gas vesicles are attractive tools for the development of novel drug and vaccine carriers to control various diseases. In this review we discuss the current knowledge on production, preparation methods and potential applications of archaeosomes and gas vesicles as carriers for vaccines. We give an overview of the traditional structures of these carriers and their modifications. A comparative analysis of both vaccine delivery systems, including their advantages and limitations of their use, is provided. Gas vesicle- and archaeosome-based vaccines may be powerful next-generation tools for the prevention and treatment of a wide variety of infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Adamiak
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof T Krawczyk
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Camille Locht
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Magdalena Kowalewicz-Kulbat
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Moghimipour E, Abedishirehjin S, Baghbadorani MA, Handali S. Bacteria and Archaea: A new era of cancer therapy. J Control Release 2021; 338:1-7. [PMID: 34391833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important mortality in the world. The major drawbacks of chemotherapy are the poor absorption of drugs into tumor tissues and development of resistance against anti-cancer agents. To overcome these limitations, the use of microorganisms has been extensively considered in the treatment of cancer. Microorganisms (bacteria/Archaea) secrete different bioactive compounds that can efficiently inhibit cancer cells growth. Biological nanocarriers derived from microorganisms including outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), bacterial ghosts (BGs) and archaeosomes have also been considered as drug delivery systems. Conjugation of drug loaded nanocarriers to bacteria strongly kills the cancer cells after internalization through the bacteria. Merging of microbiology and nanotechnology may provide versatile microbial nano-hybrids for promising treatment of cancer. This strategy causes more amount of drug to enter into cancer cells. In this review, we present evidence that microorganism, their derivatives as well as their intervention with nanotechnology can be a powerful vehicle for eradication cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Moghimipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Abedishirehjin
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Somayeh Handali
- Medical Biomaterial Research Center (MBRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lipid nanovesicles for biomedical applications: 'What is in a name'? Prog Lipid Res 2021; 82:101096. [PMID: 33831455 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vesicles, generally defined as self-assembled structures formed by single or multiple concentric bilayers that surround an aqueous core, have been widely used for biomedical applications. They can either occur naturally (e.g. exosomes) or be produced artificially and range from the micrometric scale to the nanoscale. One the most well-known vesicle is the liposome, largely employed as a drug delivery nanocarrier. Liposomes have been modified along the years to improve physicochemical and biological features, resulting in long-circulating, ligand-targeted and stimuli-responsive liposomes, among others. In this process, new nomenclatures were reported in an extensive literature. In many instances, the new names suggest the emergence of a new nanocarrier, which have caused confusion as to whether the vesicles are indeed new entities or could simply be considered modified liposomes. Herein, we discussed the extensive nomenclature of vesicles based on the suffix "some" that are employed for drug delivery and composed of various types and proportions of lipids and others amphiphilic compounds. New names have most often been selected based on changes of vesicle lipid composition, but the payload, structural complexity (e.g. multicompartment) and new/improved proprieties (e.g. elasticity) have also inspired new vesicle names. Based on this discussion, we suggested a rational classification for vesicles.
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Akache B, Agbayani G, Stark FC, Jia Y, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Deschatelets L, Chandan V, Lam E, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. Sulfated Lactosyl Archaeol Archaeosomes Synergize with Poly(I:C) to Enhance the Immunogenicity and Efficacy of a Synthetic Long Peptide-Based Vaccine in a Melanoma Tumor Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020257. [PMID: 33673382 PMCID: PMC7918940 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While novel treatments have improved survival outcomes for some patients, new treatment modalities/platforms are needed to combat a wider variety of tumor types. Cancer vaccines harness the power of the immune system to generate targeted tumor-specific immune responses. Liposomes composed of glycolipids derived from archaea (i.e., archaeosomes) have been shown to be potent adjuvants, inducing robust, long-lasting humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a variety of antigens. Herein, we evaluated the ability of archaeosomes composed of sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA), a semi-synthetic archaeal glycolipid, to enhance the immunogenicity of a synthetic long peptide-based vaccine formulation containing the dominant CD8+ T cell epitope, SIINFEKL, from the weakly immunogenic model antigen ovalbumin. One advantage of immunizing with long peptides is the ability to include multiple epitopes, for example, the long peptide antigen was also designed to include the immediately adjacent CD4+ epitope, TEWTSSNVMEER. SLA archaeosomes were tested alone or in combination with the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist Poly(I:C). Overall, SLA archaeosomes synergized strongly with Poly(I:C) to induce robust antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses, which were highly functional in an in vivo cytolytic assay. Furthermore, immunization with this vaccine formulation suppressed tumor growth and extended mouse survival in a mouse melanoma tumor model. Overall, the combination of SLA archaeosomes and Poly(I:C) appears to be a promising adjuvant system when used along with long peptide-based antigens targeting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Felicity C. Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Blair A. Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Edmond Lam
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (E.L.); (U.D.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Usha D. Hemraz
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (E.L.); (U.D.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (E.L.); (U.D.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (B.A.); (G.A.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (V.C.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-993-9774
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Jia Y, Akache B, Agbayani G, Chandan V, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Deschatelets L, Hemraz UD, Lam E, Régnier S, Stark FC, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. The Synergistic Effects of Sulfated Lactosyl Archaeol Archaeosomes When Combined with Different Adjuvants in a Murine Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020205. [PMID: 33540932 PMCID: PMC7913188 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Archaeosomes, composed of sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) glycolipids, have been proven to be an effective vaccine adjuvant in multiple preclinical models of infectious disease or cancer. SLA archaeosomes are a promising adjuvant candidate due to their ability to strongly stimulate both humoral and cytotoxic immune responses when simply admixed with an antigen. In the present study, we evaluated whether the adjuvant effects of SLA archaeosomes could be further enhanced when combined with other adjuvants. SLA archaeosomes were co-administered with five different Toll-like Receptor (TLR) agonists or the saponin QS-21 using ovalbumin as a model antigen in mice. Both humoral and cellular immune responses were greatly enhanced compared to either adjuvant alone when SLA archaeosomes were combined with either the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) or the TLR9 agonist CpG. These results were also confirmed in a separate study using Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and support the further evaluation of these adjuvant combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Blair A. Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Usha D. Hemraz
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (U.D.H.); (E.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Edmond Lam
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (U.D.H.); (E.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (U.D.H.); (E.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Felicity C. Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (Y.J.); (B.A.); (G.A.); (V.C.); (R.D.); (B.A.H.); (L.D.); (F.C.S.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-993-9774
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Stark FC, Dudani R, Agbayani G, McCluskie MJ. A Method to Evaluate In Vivo CD8 + T Cell Cytotoxicity in a Murine Model. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2183:549-558. [PMID: 32959267 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0795-4_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a method to measure in vivo CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity in a murine model is presented. The activation of a strong CD8+ T cell response is paramount when designing vaccines to tackle intracellular infections and for cancer therapy. CD8+ T cells can directly kill infected and transformed cells and are directly associated with beneficial protection in many disease models. CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity can be measured using multiple methods including measuring IFNγ production by ELISPOT or measuring intracellular cytokines or cytotoxic granules by flow cytometry. However, to determine the ability of CD8+ T cells to kill their target in the context of its cognate receptor and in their native environment, the in vivo cytotoxic T cell assay (in vivo CTL) is ideal. The in vivo CTL assay provides a snapshot of the whole ability of the host to kill "Target" cells by measuring the loss of injected target cells relative to "Non-target" cells. The assay involves isolating splenocytes from donor mice, forming "Target" and "Non-target" cellular samples and injecting them intravenously into naïve and experimental mice at a chosen time-point in the experiment. Mice are humanely sacrificed 20 h later, and their spleens are excised and processed for flow cytometric analysis. The extent of "Target" cell killing relative to "Non-target" cells is determined by comparing the surviving proportions of these cells among experimental mice relative to naïve mice. The in vivo CTL assay is a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to measure the potency of CD8+ T cells in their host to kill their target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity C Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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22
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Abstract
The enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot (ELISpot) assay allows for the quantification of the number of cells producing a particular secreted analyte. As T lymphocytes secrete cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-γ upon binding of the T cell receptor with its cognate antigen epitope, IFN-γ ELISpot allows for the measurement of antigen-specific T cells in an immune sample. Immune cells are isolated from the vaccinated subject and incubated with the epitope/antigen of interest on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-lined microplates precoated with a capture antibody to IFN-γ. Cytokine spots are then detected utilizing an IFN-γ-specific detection antibody and an enzyme-linked conjugate. Here, we describe the quantification of OVA-specific CD8 and CD4 T cells from mouse splenocytes to measure vaccine-induced cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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23
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Pfeifer K, Ergal İ, Koller M, Basen M, Schuster B, Rittmann SKMR. Archaea Biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 47:107668. [PMID: 33271237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Archaea are a domain of prokaryotic organisms with intriguing physiological characteristics and ecological importance. In Microbial Biotechnology, archaea are historically overshadowed by bacteria and eukaryotes in terms of public awareness, industrial application, and scientific studies, although their biochemical and physiological properties show a vast potential for a wide range of biotechnological applications. Today, the majority of microbial cell factories utilized for the production of value-added and high value compounds on an industrial scale are bacterial, fungal or algae based. Nevertheless, archaea are becoming ever more relevant for biotechnology as their cultivation and genetic systems improve. Some of the main advantages of archaeal cell factories are the ability to cultivate many of these often extremophilic organisms under non-sterile conditions, and to utilize inexpensive feedstocks often toxic to other microorganisms, thus drastically reducing cultivation costs. Currently, the only commercially available products of archaeal cell factories are bacterioruberin, squalene, bacteriorhodopsin and diether-/tetraether-lipids, all of which are produced utilizing halophiles. Other archaeal products, such as carotenoids and biohydrogen, as well as polyhydroxyalkanoates and methane are in early to advanced development stages, respectively. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of Archaea Biotechnology by describing the actual state of research and development as well as the industrial utilization of archaeal cell factories, their role and their potential in the future of sustainable bioprocessing, and to illustrate their physiological and biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Pfeifer
- Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Universität Wien, Wien, Austria; Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Wien, Austria
| | - İpek Ergal
- Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Universität Wien, Wien, Austria
| | - Martin Koller
- Office of Research Management and Service, c/o Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria
| | - Mirko Basen
- Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Wien, Austria
| | - Simon K-M R Rittmann
- Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Universität Wien, Wien, Austria.
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24
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Perera DJ, Hassan AS, Jia Y, Ricciardi A, McCluskie MJ, Weeratna RD, Ndao M. Adjuvanted Schistosoma mansoni-Cathepsin B With Sulfated Lactosyl Archaeol Archaeosomes or AddaVax™ Provides Protection in a Pre-Clinical Schistosomiasis Model. Front Immunol 2020; 11:605288. [PMID: 33304354 PMCID: PMC7701121 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.605288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis threatens 800 million people worldwide. Chronic pathology manifests as hepatosplenomegaly, and intestinal schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni can lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and blood in the stool. To assist the only FDA-approved drug, praziquantel, in parasite elimination, the development of a vaccine would be of high value. S. mansoni Cathepsin B (SmCB) is a well-documented vaccine target for intestinal schistosomiasis. Herein, we test the increased efficacy and immunogenicity of SmCB when combined with sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) archaeosomes or AddaVax™ (a squalene based oil-in-water emulsion). Both vaccine formulations resulted in robust humoral and cell mediated immune responses. Impressively, both formulations were able to reduce parasite burden greater than 40% (WHO standard), with AddaVax™ reaching 86.8%. Additionally, SmCB with both adjuvants were able to reduce granuloma size and the amount of larval parasite hatched from feces, which would reduce transmission. Our data support SmCB as a target for S. mansoni vaccination; especially when used in an adjuvanted formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilhan J Perera
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adam S Hassan
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alessandra Ricciardi
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Risini D Weeratna
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Momar Ndao
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,National Reference Center for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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25
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Methods to Evaluate Immune Cell Recruitment and Cellular Uptake and Distribution of Antigen Following Intramuscular Administration of Vaccine to Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32959264 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0795-4_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
An effective vaccine depends on the stimulation of the immune system to generate effective antigen-specific immune responses capable of neutralizing mediators of disease long after vaccination. However, the ability of the vaccine to enhance immune parameters such as cell activation, cell recruitment and antigen uptake shortly following administration contributes to the development of long-term responses directed toward the antigen. Here, we describe a flow cytometry-based method to identify changes in immune cell profile and assess cellular uptake and distribution of antigen following vaccination.
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26
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Measurement of Antigen-Specific IgG Titers by Direct ELISA. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2183:537-547. [PMID: 32959266 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0795-4_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Direct ELISA allows for the measurement of antibody levels to a particular antigen. Serum or plasma from the vaccinated subject are incubated on high-binding capacity microplates precoated with the antigen of interest and detected utilizing an enzyme-linked secondary antibody. Herein, using influenza hemagglutinin as model antigen, we describe the quantification of antigen-specific IgG titers in mouse serum to measure vaccine-induced humoral responses.
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27
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Application of Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy for Evaluation of Vaccine Delivery Carriers. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32959263 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0795-4_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) enables visualizing the physicochemical structure of nanocarriers in solution. Here, we demonstrate the typical applications of Cryo-TEM in characterizing archaeosome-based vesicles as antigen carriers, including the morphology and size of vaccine carriers. Cryo-TEM tomography, incorporated with immunogold labeling for identifying and localizing the antigens, reveals the antigen distribution within archaeosomes in three dimensions (3D).
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28
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Agbayani G, Jia Y, Akache B, Chandan V, Iqbal U, Stark FC, Deschatelets L, Lam E, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. Mechanistic insight into the induction of cellular immune responses by encapsulated and admixed archaeosome-based vaccine formulations. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:2183-2195. [PMID: 32755430 PMCID: PMC7553676 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1788300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Archaeosomes are liposomes formulated using total polar lipids (TPLs) or semi-synthetic glycolipids derived from archaea. Conventional archaeosomes with entrapped antigen exhibit robust adjuvant activity as demonstrated by increased antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated responses and enhanced protective immunity in various murine infection and cancer models. However, antigen entrapment efficiency can vary greatly resulting in antigen loss during formulation and variable antigen:lipid ratios. In order to circumvent this, we recently developed an admixed archaeosome formulation composed of a single semi-synthetic archaeal lipid (SLA, sulfated lactosylarchaeol) which can induce similarly robust adjuvant activity as an encapsulated formulation. Herein, we evaluate and compare the mechanisms involved in the induction of early innate and antigen-specific responses by both admixed (Adm) and encapsulated (Enc) SLA archaeosomes. We demonstrate that both archaeosome formulations result in increased immune cell infiltration, enhanced antigen retention at injection site and increased antigen uptake by antigen-presenting cells and other immune cell types, including neutrophils and monocytes following intramuscular injection to mice using ovalbumin as a model antigen. In vitro studies demonstrate SLA in either formulation is preferentially taken up by macrophages. Although the encapsulated formulation was better able to induce antigen-specific CD8+ T cell activation by dendritic cells in vitro, both encapsulated and admixed formulations gave equivalently enhanced protection from tumor challenge when tested in vivo using a B16-OVA melanoma model. Despite some differences in the immunostimulatory profile relative to the SLA (Enc) formulation, SLA (Adm) induces strong in vivo immunogenicity and efficacy, while offering an ease of formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Umar Iqbal
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Edmond Lam
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
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29
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Jia Y, Chandan V, Akache B, Qian H, Jakubek ZJ, Vinogradov E, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Jamshidi MP, Stark FC, Deschatelets L, Sauvageau J, Williams D, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. Assessment of stability of sulphated lactosyl archaeol archaeosomes for use as a vaccine adjuvant. J Liposome Res 2020; 31:237-245. [PMID: 32583693 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2020.1786115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Archaeosomes, composed of sulphated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) glycolipids, have been proven to be an effective vaccine adjuvant in multiple preclinical models of infectious disease or cancer. In addition to efficacy, the stability of vaccine components including the adjuvant is an important parameter to consider when developing novel vaccine formulations. To properly evaluate the potential of SLA glycolipids to be used as vaccine adjuvants in a clinical setting, a comprehensive evaluation of their stability is required. Herein, we evaluated the long term stability of preformed empty SLA archaeosomes prior to admixing with antigen at 4 °C or 37 °C for up to 6 months. In addition, the stability of adjuvant and antigen was evaluated for up to 1 month following admixing. Multiple analytical parameters evaluating the molecular integrity of SLA and the liposomal profile were assessed. Following incubation at 4 °C or 37 °C, the SLA glycolipid did not show any pattern of degradation as determined by mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). In addition, SLA archaeosome vesicle characteristics, such as size, zeta potential, membrane fluidity and vesicular morphology, were largely consistent throughout the course of the study. Importantly, following storage for 6 months at both 4 °C and 37 °C, the adjuvant properties of empty SLA archaeosomes were unchanged, and following admixing with antigen, the immunogenicity of the vaccine formulations was also unchanged when stored at both 4 °C and 37 °C for up to 1 month. Overall this indicates that SLA archaeosomes are highly stable adjuvants that retain their activity over an extended period of time even when stored at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hui Qian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zygmunt J Jakubek
- Metrology Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Evguenii Vinogradov
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad P Jamshidi
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Janelle Sauvageau
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dean Williams
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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30
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Orive-Milla N, Delmulle T, de Mey M, Faijes M, Planas A. Metabolic engineering for glycoglycerolipids production in E. coli: Tuning phosphatidic acid and UDP-glucose pathways. Metab Eng 2020; 61:106-119. [PMID: 32492511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipids are target molecules in biotechnology and biomedicine as biosurfactants, biomaterials and bioactive molecules. An engineered E. coli strain for the production of glycoglycerolipids (GGL) used the MG517 glycolipid synthase from M. genitalium for glucosyl transfer from UDPGlc to diacylglycerol acceptor (Mora-Buyé et al., 2012). The intracellular diacylglycerol pool proved to be the limiting factor for GGL production. Here we designed different metabolic engineering strategies to enhance the availability of precursor substrates for the glycolipid synthase by modulating fatty acids, acyl donor and phosphatidic acid biosynthesis. Knockouts of tesA, fadE and fabR genes involved in fatty acids degradation, overexpression of the transcriptional regulator FadR, the acyltransferases PlsB and C, and the pyrophosphatase Cdh for phosphatidic acid biosynthesis, as well as the phosphatase PgpB for conversion to diacylglycerol were explored with the aim of improving GGL titers. Among the different engineered strains, the ΔtesA strain co-expressing MG517 and a fusion PlsCxPgpB protein was the best producer, with a 350% increase of GGL titer compared to the parental strain expressing MG517 alone. Attempts to boost UDPGlc availability by overexpressing the uridyltransferase GalU or knocking out the UDP-sugar diphosphatase encoding gene ushA did not further improve GGL titers. Most of the strains produced GGL containing a variable number of glucosyl units from mono-to tetra-saccharides. Interestingly, the strains co-expressing Cdh showed a shift in the GGL profile towards the diglucosylated lipid (up to 80% of total GGLs) whereas the strains with a fadR knockout presented a higher amount of unsaturated acyl chains. In all cases, GGL production altered the lipidic composition of the E. coli membrane, observing that GGL replace phosphatidylethanolamine to maintain the overall membrane charge balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Orive-Milla
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 350, E-08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tom Delmulle
- Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjan de Mey
- Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Magda Faijes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 350, E-08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Planas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 350, E-08017, Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Sereme Y, Mezouar S, Grine G, Mege JL, Drancourt M, Corbeau P, Vitte J. Methanogenic Archaea: Emerging Partners in the Field of Allergic Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 57:456-466. [PMID: 31522353 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-019-08766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Archaea, which form one of four domains of life alongside Eukarya, Bacteria, and giant viruses, have long been neglected as components of the human microbiota and potential opportunistic infectious pathogens. In this review, we focus on methanogenic Archaea, which rely on hydrogen for their metabolism and growth. On one hand, methanogenic Archaea in the gut are functional associates of the fermentative digestion of dietary fibers, favoring the production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids and likely contributing to the weaning reaction during the neonatal window of opportunity. On the other hand, methanogenic Archaea trigger the activation of innate and adaptive responses and the generation of specific T and B cells in animals and humans. In mouse models, lung hypersensitivity reactions can be induced by inhaled methanogenic Archaea mimicking human professional exposure to organic dust. Changes in methanogenic Archaea of the microbiota are detected in an array of dysimmune conditions comprising inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, malnutrition, anorexia, colorectal cancer, and diverticulosis. At the subcellular level, methanogenic Archaea are activators of the TLR8-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome, modulate the release of antimicrobial peptides and drive the production of proinflammatory, Th-1, Th-2, and Th-17 cytokines. Our objective was to introduce the most recent and major pieces of evidence supporting the involvement of Archaea in the balance between health and dysimmune diseases, with a particular focus on atopic and allergic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssouf Sereme
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Ghiles Grine
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Louis Mege
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service de Bactériologie - Epidémiologie - Hygiène hospitalière, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Corbeau
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002, CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Immunology Department, University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Joana Vitte
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France.
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
- APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service de Bactériologie - Epidémiologie - Hygiène hospitalière, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
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32
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Akache B, Deschatelets L, Harrison BA, Dudani R, Stark FC, Jia Y, Landi A, Law JLM, Logan M, Hockman D, Kundu J, Tyrrell DL, Krishnan L, Houghton M, McCluskie MJ. Effect of Different Adjuvants on the Longevity and Strength of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to the HCV Envelope Glycoproteins. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7040204. [PMID: 31816920 PMCID: PMC6963754 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection by Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to liver cirrhosis/hepatocellular carcinoma and remains a major cause of serious disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, current treatment regimens remain inaccessible to most patients, particularly in developing countries, and, therefore, the development of a novel vaccine capable of protecting subjects from chronic infection by HCV could greatly reduce the rates of HCV infection, subsequent liver pathogenesis, and in some cases death. Herein, we evaluated two different semi-synthetic archaeosome formulations as an adjuvant to the E1/E2 HCV envelope protein in a murine model and compared antigen-specific humoral (levels of anti-E1/E2 IgG and HCV pseudoparticle neutralization) and cellular responses (numbers of antigen-specific cytokine-producing T cells) to those generated with adjuvant formulations composed of mimetics of commercial adjuvants including a squalene oil-in-water emulsion, aluminum hydroxide/monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and liposome/MPLA/QS-21. In addition, we measured the longevity of these responses, tracking humoral, and cellular responses up to 6 months following vaccination. Overall, we show that the strength and longevity of anti-HCV responses can be influenced by adjuvant selection. In particular, a simple admixed sulfated S-lactosylarchaeol (SLA) archaeosome formulation generated strong levels of HCV neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional antigen-specific CD4 T cells producing multiple cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2. While liposome/MPLA/QS-21 as adjuvant generated superior cellular responses, the SLA E1/E2 admixed formulation was superior or equivalent to the other tested formulations in all immune parameters tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Blair A. Harrison
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Renu Dudani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Felicity C. Stark
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Yimei Jia
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Amir Landi
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - John L. M. Law
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Michael Logan
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Darren Hockman
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Juthika Kundu
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - D. Lorne Tyrrell
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Michael Houghton
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.L.); (J.L.M.L.); (M.L.); (D.H.); (J.K.); (D.L.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1T 0H1, Canada; (B.A.); (L.D.); (B.A.H.); (R.D.); (F.C.S.); (Y.J.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Simplified Admix Archaeal Glycolipid Adjuvanted Vaccine and Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Combination Enhances Protection from Murine Melanoma. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7040091. [PMID: 31771150 PMCID: PMC6966619 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Archaeosomes are liposomes composed of natural or synthetic archaeal lipids that when used as adjuvants induce strong long-lasting humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against entrapped antigens. However, traditional entrapped archaeosome formulations have only low entrapment efficiency, therefore we have developed a novel admixed formulation which offers many advantages, including reduced loss of antigen, consistency of batch-to-batch production as well as providing the option to formulate the vaccine immediately before use, which is beneficial for next generation cancer therapy platforms that include patient specific neo-antigens or for use with antigens that are less stable. Herein, we demonstrate that, when used in combination with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint therapy, this novel admixed archaeosome formulation, comprised of preformed sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) archaeosomes admixed with OVA antigen (SLA–OVA (adm)), was as effective at inducing strong CD8+ T cell responses and protection from a B16-OVA melanoma tumor challenge as the traditionally formulated archaeosomes with encapsulated OVA protein. Furthermore, archaeosome vaccine formulations combined with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 therapy, induced OVA-CD8+ T cells within the tumor and immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of CD8+ T cells associated with dying or dead tumor cells as well as within or around tumor blood vessels. Overall, archaeosomes constitute an attractive option for use with combinatorial checkpoint inhibitor cancer therapy platforms.
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Stark FC, Akache B, Ponce A, Dudani R, Deschatelets L, Jia Y, Sauvageau J, Williams D, Jamshidi MP, Agbayani G, Wachholz K, Harrison BA, Li X, Krishnan L, Chen W, McCluskie MJ. Archaeal glycolipid adjuvanted vaccines induce strong influenza-specific immune responses through direct immunization in young and aged mice or through passive maternal immunization. Vaccine 2019; 37:7108-7116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Haq K, Jia Y, Elahi SM, MacLean S, Akache B, Gurnani K, Chattopadhyay A, Nazemi-Moghaddam N, Gilbert R, McCluskie MJ, Weeratna RD. Evaluation of recombinant adenovirus vectors and adjuvanted protein as a heterologous prime-boost strategy using HER2 as a model antigen. Vaccine 2019; 37:7029-7040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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