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Zhang C, van de Weert M, Bjerregaard S, Rantanen J, Yang M. Leucine as a moisture-protective excipient in spray-dried protein/trehalose formulation. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00239-9. [PMID: 38944343 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of leucine (Leu), a hydrophobic amino acid, into pharmaceutically relevant particles via spray-drying can improve the physicochemical and particulate properties, stability, and ultimately bioavailability of the final product. More specifically, Leu has been proposed to form a shell on the surface of spray-dried (SD) particles. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of Leu in the SD protein/trehalose (Tre) formulation to control the water uptake and moisture-induced recrystallization of amorphous Tre, using lysozyme (LZM) as a model protein. LZM/Tre (1:1, w/w) were dissolved in water with varied amounts of Leu (0 - 40%, w/w) and processed by spray-drying. The solid form, residual moisture content (RMC), hygroscopicity, and morphology of SD LZM/Tre/Leu powders were evaluated, before and after storage under 22°C/55% RH conditions for 90 and 180 days. The X-ray powder diffraction results showed that Leu was in crystalline form when the amount of Leu in the formulation was at least 20% (w/w). Thermo-gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy results showed that 0%, 5%, and 10% Leu formulations led to comparable RMC and raisin-like round particles. In contrast, higher Leu contents resulted in a lower RMC and increased surface corrugation of the SD particles. Dynamic vapor sorption analysis showed that in the 0% Leu formulation, partial recrystallization of amorphous Tre to crystalline Tre·dihydrate occurred, and the addition of as little as 5% Leu could inhibit the recrystallization of amorphous Tre during the water sorption/desorption cycle. In addition, after storage, formulations with higher Leu contents resulted in less water uptake. Rather than recrystallization of amorphous Tre in 0%, 5%, and 10% Leu formulations, recrystallization of amorphous Leu was observed in both 5% and 10% Leu formulations after storage. In summary, our study demonstrated that the addition of Leu has the potential to reduce water uptake and inhibit moisture-induced recrystallization of amorphous Tre in the SD protein/Tre powder system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Zhong Q, Tan EKW, Martin-Alonso C, Parisi T, Hao L, Kirkpatrick JD, Fadel T, Fleming HE, Jacks T, Bhatia SN. Inhalable point-of-care urinary diagnostic platform. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj9591. [PMID: 38181080 PMCID: PMC10776015 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj9591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Although low-dose computed tomography screening improves lung cancer survival in at-risk groups, inequality remains in lung cancer diagnosis due to limited access to and high costs of medical imaging infrastructure. We designed a needleless and imaging-free platform, termed PATROL (point-of-care aerosolizable nanosensors with tumor-responsive oligonucleotide barcodes), to reduce resource disparities for early detection of lung cancer. PATROL formulates a set of DNA-barcoded, activity-based nanosensors (ABNs) into an inhalable format. Lung cancer-associated proteases selectively cleave the ABNs, releasing synthetic DNA reporters that are eventually excreted via the urine. The urinary signatures of barcoded nanosensors are quantified within 20 min at room temperature using a multiplexable paper-based lateral flow assay. PATROL detects early-stage tumors in an autochthonous lung adenocarcinoma mouse model with high sensitivity and specificity. Tailoring the library of ABNs may enable not only the modular PATROL platform to lower the resource threshold for lung cancer early detection tools but also the rapid detection of chronic pulmonary disorders and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhong
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Marble Center of Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Edward K. W. Tan
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Marble Center of Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carmen Martin-Alonso
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tiziana Parisi
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Liangliang Hao
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Marble Center of Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jesse D. Kirkpatrick
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tarek Fadel
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Marble Center of Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Heather E. Fleming
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sangeeta N. Bhatia
- Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Marble Center of Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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3
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Farkas D, Thomas ML, Hassan A, Bonasera S, Hindle M, Longest W. Near Elimination of In Vitro Predicted Extrathoracic Aerosol Deposition in Children Using a Spray-Dried Antibiotic Formulation and Pediatric Air-Jet DPI. Pharm Res 2023; 40:1193-1207. [PMID: 35761163 PMCID: PMC10616820 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the in vitro aerosol performance of a dry powder antibiotic product that combined a highly dispersible tobramycin powder with a previously optimized pediatric air-jet dry powder inhaler (DPI) across a subject age range of 2-10 years. METHODS An excipient enhanced growth (EEG) formulation of the antibiotic tobramycin (Tobi) was prepared using a small particle spray drying technique that included mannitol as the hygroscopic excipient and trileucine as the dispersion enhancer. The Tobi-EEG formulation was aerosolized using a positive-pressure pediatric air-jet DPI that included a 3D rod array. Realistic in vitro experiments were conducted in representative airway models consistent with children in the age ranges of 2-3, 5-6 and 9-10 years using oral or nose-to-lung administration, non-humidified or humidified airway conditions, and constant or age-specific air volumes. RESULTS Across all conditions tested, mouth-throat depositional loss was < 1% and nose-throat depositional loss was < 3% of loaded dose. Lung delivery efficiency was in the range of 77.3-85.1% of loaded dose with minor variations based on subject age (~ 8% absolute difference), oral or nasal administration (< 2%), and delivered air volume (< 2%). Humidified airway conditions had an insignificant impact on extrathoracic depositional loss and significantly increased aerosol size at the exit of a representative lung chamber. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the inhaled antibiotic product nearly eliminated extrathoracic depositional loss, demonstrated high efficiency nose-to-lung antibiotic aerosol delivery in pediatric airway models for the first time, and provided ~ 80% lung delivery efficiency with little variability across subject age and administered air volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Farkas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, P.O. Box 843015, Richmond, Virginia, 23284-3015 , USA
| | - Morgan L Thomas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, P.O. Box 843015, Richmond, Virginia, 23284-3015 , USA
| | - Amr Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Serena Bonasera
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Hindle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Worth Longest
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, P.O. Box 843015, Richmond, Virginia, 23284-3015 , USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
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Pangeni R, Hassan AAM, Farkas D, Sudarjat H, Longest W, Hindle M, Xu Q. New Air-Jet Dry Powder Insufflator for High-Efficiency Aerosol Delivery to Rats. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:2207-2216. [PMID: 36938947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary deposition of lung-targeted therapeutic aerosols can achieve direct drug delivery to the site of action, thereby enhancing the efficacy and reducing systemic exposure. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo aerosol performance of the novel small animal air-jet dry powder insufflator (Rat AJ DPI) using spray-dried albuterol excipient-enhanced-growth (EEG) powder as a model formulation. The in vitro aerosolization performance of the optimized albuterol EEG powder was first assessed using the Rat AJ DPI. The performance of Rat AJ DPI to deliver albuterol EEG aerosol to rat lungs was then compared to that of the Penn-Century Insufflator. Albuterol EEG powders dispersed using the Rat AJ DPI demonstrated narrow unimodal aerosol size distribution profiles, which were independent of the loaded powder dose (1, 2, and 5 mg). In addition, the span value for Rat AJ DPI (5 mg powder mass) was 1.32, which was 4.2-fold lower than that for Penn-Century insufflator (5 mg powder mass). At a higher loaded mass of 5 mg, the Rat AJ DPI delivered significantly larger doses to rat lungs compared with the Penn-Century DPI. The Rat AJ DPI with hand actuation delivered approximately 85% of the total emitted dose (2 and 5 mg loadings), which was comparatively higher than that for Penn-Century DPI (approximately 75%). In addition, percentage deposition in each of the lung lobes for the Rat AJ DPI was observed to be independent of the administration dose (2 and 5 mg loadings) with coefficients of variation below 12%, except in the right middle lobe. Automatic actuation of a 5 mg powder mass using the Rat AJ DPI demonstrated a similar delivered dose compared to manual actuation of the same dose, with 82% of the total emitted dose reaching the lung lobes. High-efficiency delivery of the aerosol to the lobar lung region and low sensitivity of the interlobar delivery efficiency to the loaded dose highlight the suitability of the new air-jet DPI for administering therapeutic pharmaceutical aerosols to small test animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Amr Ali Mohamed Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Dale Farkas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Hadi Sudarjat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Worth Longest
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Michael Hindle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Massey Cancer Center, Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery & Development (ISB3D), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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Pangeni R, Meng T, Poudel S, Sharma D, Hutsell H, Ma J, Rubin BK, Longest W, Hindle M, Xu Q. Airway mucus in pulmonary diseases: Muco-adhesive and muco-penetrating particles to overcome the airway mucus barriers. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122661. [PMID: 36736964 PMCID: PMC9975059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Airway mucus is a complex viscoelastic gel that provides a defensive physical barrier and shields the airway epithelium by trapping inhaled foreign pathogens and facilitating their removal via mucociliary clearance (MCC). In patients with respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), non-CF bronchiectasis, and asthma, an increase in crosslinking and physical entanglement of mucin polymers as well as mucus dehydration often alters and typically reduces mucus mesh network pore size, which reduces neutrophil migration, decreases pathogen capture, sustains bacterial infection, and accelerates lung function decline. Conventional aerosol particles containing hydrophobic drugs are rapidly captured and removed by MCC. Therefore, it is critical to design aerosol delivery systems with the appropriate size and surface chemistry that can improve drug retention and absorption with the goal of increased efficacy. Biodegradable muco-adhesive particles (MAPs) and muco-penetrating particles (MPPs) have been engineered to achieve effective pulmonary delivery and extend drug residence time in the lungs. MAPs can be used to target mucus as they get trapped in airway mucus by steric obstruction and/or adhesion. MPPs avoid muco-adhesion and are designed to have a particle size smaller than the mucus network, enhancing lung retention of particles as well as transport to the respiratory epithelial layer and drug absorption. In this review, we aim to provide insight into the composition of airway mucus, rheological characteristics of airway mucus in healthy and diseased subjects, the most recent techniques to study the flow dynamics and particle diffusion in airway mucus (in particular, multiple particle tracking, MPT), and the advancements in engineering MPPs that have contributed to improved airway mucus penetration, lung distribution, and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Tuo Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sagun Poudel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Hallie Hutsell
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Bruce K Rubin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Worth Longest
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael Hindle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Massey Cancer Center, Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery & Development (ISB3D), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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6
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Ordoubadi M, Shepard KB, Wang H, Wang Z, Pluntze AM, Churchman JP, Vehring R. On the Physical Stability of Leucine-Containing Spray-Dried Powders for Respiratory Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020435. [PMID: 36839756 PMCID: PMC9967520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrier-free spray-dried dispersions for pulmonary delivery, for which the demand is growing, frequently require the incorporation of dispersibility-enhancing excipients into the formulations to improve the efficacy of the dosage form. One of the most promising of such excipients, L-leucine, is expected to be approved for inhalation soon and has been studied exhaustively. However, during stability, small fibers protruding from the particles of leucine-containing powders have occasionally been observed. To clarify the origin of these fibers and assess their potential influence on the performance of the powders, three different classes of spray-dried leucine-containing formulation systems were studied over an 8-month accelerated stability program. These systems consisted of a large molecule biologic (bevacizumab) in conjunction with a glass former (trehalose), an amorphous small-molecular mass active (moxidectin), and a crystallizing active (mannitol). It was determined that the appearance of the fibers was due to the presence of small quantities of leucine in higher energy states, either because these were amorphous or present as a less stable crystalline polymorph. It was further shown that the growth of these leucine fibers caused no significant physicochemical instability in the powders. Nor, more importantly, did it decrease their aerosol performance in a dry powder inhaler or reduce the concentration of their active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | | | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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7
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Pathak V, Park H, Zemlyanov D, Bhujbal SV, Ahmed MU, Azad MAK, Li J, Zhou QT. Improved Aerosolization Stability of Inhalable Tobramycin Powder Formulation by Co-Spray Drying with Colistin. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2781-2799. [PMID: 35915320 PMCID: PMC10019100 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tobramycin shows synergistic antibacterial activity with colistin and can reduce the toxic effects of colistin. The purpose of this study is to prepare pulmonary powder formulations containing both colistin and tobramycin and to assess their in vitro aerosol performance and storage stability. METHODS The dry powder formulations were manufactured using a lab-scale spray dryer. In vitro aerosol performance was measured using a Next Generation Impactor. The storage stability of the dry powder formulations was measured at 22°C and two relative humidity levels - 20 and 55%. Colistin composition on the particle surface was measured using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. RESULTS Two combination formulations, with 1:1 and 1:5 molar ratios of colistin and tobramycin, showed fine particle fractions (FPF) of 85%, which was significantly higher than that of the spray dried tobramycin (45%). FPF of the tobramycin formulation increased significantly when stored for four weeks at both 20% and 55% RH. In contrast, FPF values of both combination formulations and spray dried colistin remained stable at both humidity levels. Particle surface of each combination was significantly enriched in colistin molecules; 1:5 combination showed 77% by wt. colistin. CONCLUSIONS The superior aerosol performance and aerosolization stability of 1:1 and 1:5 combination formulations of colistin and tobramycin could be attributed to enrichment of colistin on the co-spray dried particle surface. The observed powder properties may be the result of a surfactant-like assembly of these colistin molecules during spray drying, thus forming a hydrophobic particle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Pathak
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Heejun Park
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Dmitry Zemlyanov
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, 1205 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sonal V Bhujbal
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Maizbha Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mohammad A K Azad
- Infection Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Infection Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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El-Gendy N, Bertha CM, Abd El-Shafy M, Gaglani DK, Babiskin A, Bielski E, Boc S, Dhapare S, Fang L, Feibus K, Kaviratna A, Li BV, Luke MC, Ma T, Newman B, Spagnola M, Walenga RL, Zhao L. Scientific and regulatory activities initiated by the U.S. food and drug administration to foster approvals of generic dry powder inhalers: Quality perspective. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114519. [PMID: 36038083 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory science for generic dry powder inhalation products worldwide has evolved over the last decade. The revised draft guidance Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) and Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) Products - Quality Considerations [1] (Revision 1, April 2018) that FDA issued summarizes product considerations and potential critical quality attributes (CQAs). This guidance emphasizes the need to apply the principles of quality by design (QbD) and elements of pharmaceutical development discussed in the International Conference for Harmonisation of (ICH) guidelines. Research studies related to quality were used to support guidance recommendations, which preceded the first approval of a generic DPI product in the U.S. This review outlines scientific and regulatory hurdles that need to be surmounted to successfully bring a generic DPI to the market. The goal of this review focuses on relevant issues and various challenges pertaining to CMC topics of the generic DPI quality attributes. Furthermore, this review provides recommendations to abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) applicants to expedite generic approvals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa El-Gendy
- Division of Immediate and Modified Release Drug Products III, Office of Lifecycle Drug Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Craig M Bertha
- Division of New Drug Products II, Office of New Drug Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mohammed Abd El-Shafy
- Division of Immediate and Modified Release Drug Products III, Office of Lifecycle Drug Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Dhaval K Gaglani
- Division of Immediate and Modified Release Drug Products III, Office of Lifecycle Drug Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Babiskin
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bielski
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Susan Boc
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sneha Dhapare
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lanyan Fang
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Katharine Feibus
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Anubhav Kaviratna
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Bing V Li
- Office of Bioequivalence, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Markham C Luke
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Tian Ma
- Division of Bioequivalence I, Office of Bioequivalence, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Bryan Newman
- Division of Therapeutic Performance I, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael Spagnola
- Division of Clinical Safety and Surveillance, Office of Safety and Clinical Evaluation, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ross L Walenga
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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9
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Howe C, Momin MAM, Bass K, Aladwani G, Bonasera S, Hindle M, Longest PW. In Vitro Analysis of Nasal Interface Options for High-Efficiency Aerosol Administration to Preterm Infants. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2022; 35:196-211. [PMID: 35166601 PMCID: PMC9416545 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2021.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: An infant air-jet dry powder inhaler (DPI) platform has recently been developed that in combination with highly dispersible spray-dried powder formulations can achieve high-efficiency aerosolization with low actuation air volumes. The objective of this study was to investigate modifications to the nasal interface section of this platform to improve the aerosol delivery performance through preterm nose-throat (NT) models. Methods: Aerosol delivery performance of multiple nasal interface flow pathways and prong configurations was assessed with two in vitro preterm infant NT models. Two excipient-enhanced growth (EEG) dry powder formulations were explored containing either l-leucine or trileucine as the dispersion enhancer. Performance metrics included aerosol depositional loss in the nasal interface, deposition in the NT models, and tracheal filter deposition, which was used to estimate lung delivery efficiency. Results: The best performing nasal interface replaced the straight flexible prong of the original gradual expansion design with a rigid curved prong (∼20° curvature). The prong modification increased the lung delivery efficiency by 5%-10% (absolute difference) depending on the powder formulation. Adding a metal mesh to the flow pathway, to dissipate the turbulent jet, also improved lung delivery efficiency by ∼5%, while reducing the NT depositional loss by a factor of over twofold compared with the original nasal interface. The platform was also found to perform similarly in two different preterm NT models, with no statistically significant difference between any of the performance metrics. Conclusions: Modifications to the nasal interface of an infant air-jet DPI improved the aerosol delivery through multiple infant NT models, providing up to an additional 10% lung delivery efficiency (absolute difference) with the lead design delivering ∼57% of the loaded dose to the tracheal filter, while performance in two unique preterm airway geometries remained similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Howe
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Mohammad A M Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Karl Bass
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ghali Aladwani
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Serena Bonasera
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Hindle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Philip Worth Longest
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Guided Spray Drying Recommendations for Improved Aerosol Performance of a Small-Particle Antibiotic Formulation. Pharm Res 2022; 39:295-316. [PMID: 35147870 PMCID: PMC8958016 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to implement computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and aerosol characterization experiments to determine best-case spray drying conditions of a tobramycin excipient enhanced growth (Tobi-EEG) formulation for use in a pediatric air-jet dry powder inhaler (DPI). METHODS An iterative approach was implemented in which sets of spray drying conditions were explored using CFD simulations followed by lead candidate selection, powder production and in vitro aerosol testing. CFD simulations of a small-particle spray dryer were performed to capture droplet drying parameters and surface-averaged temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions in the powder collection region. In vitro aerosol testing was performed for the selected powders using the pediatric air-jet DPI, cascade impaction, and aerosol transport through a pediatric mouth-throat (MT) model to a tracheal filter. RESULTS Based on comparisons of CFD simulations and in vitro powder performance, recommended drying conditions for small-particle powders with electrostatic collection include: (i) reducing the CFD-predicted drying parameters of κavg and κmax to values below 3 μm2/ms and 114 μm2/ms, respectively; (ii) maintaining the Collector Surface RH within an elevated range, which for the Tobi-EEG formulation with l-leucine was 20-30 %RH; and (iii) ensuring that particles reaching the collector were fully dried, based on a mass fraction of solute CFD parameter. CONCLUSIONS Based on the newly recommended spray dryer conditions for small particle aerosols, delivery performance of the lead Tobi-EEG formulation was improved resulting in >60% of the DPI loaded dose passing through the pediatric MT model.
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11
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Spray-freeze-dried inhalable composite microparticles containing nanoparticles of combinational drugs for potential treatment of lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121160. [PMID: 34624446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The multi-drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an overwhelming cause of terminal and persistent lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Antimicrobial synergy has been shown for colistin and ivacaftor, and our study designed a relatively high drug-loading dry powder inhaler formulation containing nanoparticles of ivacaftor and colistin. The ivacaftor-colistin nanosuspensions (Iva-Col-NPs) were prepared by the anti-solvent method with different stabilizers. Based on the aggregation data, the formulation 7 (F7) with DSPG-PEG-OMe as the stabilizer was selected for further studies. The F7 consisted of ivacaftor, colistin and DSPG-PEG-OMe with a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The F7 powder formulation was developed using the ultrasonic spray-freeze-drying method and exhibited a rough surface with relatively high fine particle fraction values of 61.4 ± 3.4% for ivacaftor and 63.3 ± 3.3% for colistin, as well as superior emitted dose of 97.8 ± 0.3% for ivacaftor and 97.6 ± 0.5% for colistin. The F7 showed very significant dissolution improvement for poorly water soluble ivacaftor than the physical mixture. Incorporating two drugs in a single microparticle with synchronized dissolution and superior aerosol performance will maximize the synergy and bioactivity of those two drugs. Minimal cytotoxicity in Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells and enhanced antimicrobial activity against colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa suggested that our formulation has potential to improve the treatment of CF patients with lung infections.
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12
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Al-Obaidi H, Granger A, Hibbard T, Opesanwo S. Pulmonary Drug Delivery of Antimicrobials and Anticancer Drugs Using Solid Dispersions. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1056. [PMID: 34371747 PMCID: PMC8309119 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that currently available inhaled drug formulations are associated with extremely low lung deposition. Currently available technologies alleviate this low deposition problem via mixing the drug with inert larger particles, such as lactose monohydrate. Those inert particles are retained in the inhalation device or impacted in the throat and swallowed, allowing the smaller drug particles to continue their journey towards the lungs. While this seems like a practical approach, in some formulations, the ratio between the carrier to drug particles can be as much as 30 to 1. This limitation becomes more critical when treating lung conditions that inherently require large doses of the drug, such as antibiotics and antivirals that treat lung infections and anticancer drugs. The focus of this review article is to review the recent advancements in carrier free technologies that are based on coamorphous solid dispersions and cocrystals that can improve flow properties, and help with delivering larger doses of the drug to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Al-Obaidi
- The School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, UK; (A.G.); (T.H.); (S.O.)
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13
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Alhajj N, O'Reilly NJ, Cathcart H. Leucine as an excipient in spray dried powder for inhalation. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2384-2396. [PMID: 33872799 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leucine is a promising excipient with several applications in the development of inhalable spray-dried powder of high- and low-dose drugs. The addition of leucine has exhibited significant enhancing effects on the aerosolization and physical stability of the produced particles. Here, we focus not only on the applications of leucine in inhalable spray-drying powders, but also on the underlying mechanisms by which the formulation and processing parameters dictate the behavior of leucine during the drying process and, therefore, its functionalities within the dried powder. Additionally, we highlight the current regulatory status of leucine. Such insights are important for more efficient utilization of leucine in the future, both for dry powder inhaler formulations and other pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Alhajj
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
| | - Niall J O'Reilly
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland; SSPC - The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Ireland
| | - Helen Cathcart
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
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