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Keogh TM, Howard S. Social participation is associated with a habituated blood pressure response to recurrent stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2024; 202:112389. [PMID: 38936701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Lower cardiovascular reactivity is a proposed marker of motivational dysregulation and is related to a range of adverse behavioural and health outcomes. Social participation is a form of motivated behaviour and represents the frequency in which an individual engages in social activities. Low social participation has recently been linked to lower cardiovascular responses to acute psychological stress. With recent work emphasizing the importance of assessing adaptation of the cardiovascular response to recurrent stress, the aim of the current study is to build on previous work by examining the relationship between social participation and cardiovascular stress response adaptation. This study utilised data from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3 (PCS 3). Two hundred and thirteen participants (M = 30.13; SD = 10.85) completed a social participation measure and had their systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) monitored across two separate standardized stress testing sessions. The testing sessions consisted of a 20-minute baseline and a 15-minute stress task. Results indicated that higher levels of social participation were associated with greater blood pressure habituation to recurrent stress, extending previous work identifying that social participation was associated with higher cardiovascular responses to stress. The present study identifies that those reporting greater levels of social participation may show enhanced stress tolerance when exposed to recurrent stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey M Keogh
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Siobhán Howard
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland
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2
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Tyra AT, Fergus TA, Ginty AT. Emotion suppression and acute physiological responses to stress in healthy populations: a quantitative review of experimental and correlational investigations. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:396-420. [PMID: 37648224 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2023.2251559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Emotion suppression may be linked to poor health outcomes through elevated stress-related physiology. The current meta-analyses investigate the magnitude of the association between suppression and physiological responses to active psychological stress tasks administered in the laboratory. Relevant articles were identified through Medline, PsychINFO, PubMed, and ProQuest. Studies were eligible if they (a) used a sample of healthy, human subjects; (b) assessed physiology during a resting baseline and active psychological stress task; and (c) measured self-report or experimentally manipulated suppression. Twenty-four studies were identified and grouped within two separate random effects meta-analyses based on study methodology, namely, manipulated suppression (k = 12) and/or self-report (k = 14). Experimentally manipulated suppression was associated with greater physiological stress reactivity compared to controls (Hg = 0.20, 95% CI [0.08, 0.33]), primarily driven by cardiac, hemodynamic, and neuroendocrine parameters. Self-report trait suppression was not associated with overall physiological stress reactivity but was associated with greater neuroendocrine reactivity (r = 0.08, 95% CI [0.01, 0.14]). Significant moderator variables were identified (i.e., type/duration of stress task, nature of control instructions, type of physiology, and gender). This review suggests that suppression may exacerbate stress-induced physiological arousal; however, this may differ based upon the chosen methodological assessment of suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Thomas A Fergus
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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Bahlinger K, Lincoln TM, Clamor A. Do deficits in subjective stress recovery predict subsequent stress sensitivity and symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders? Schizophr Res 2024; 264:170-177. [PMID: 38150849 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
High levels of stress play a crucial role in the development of psychotic symptoms, such as paranoia, and may stem in part from recovery deficits after stress exposure. However, it remains unclear whether deficient recovery causes a build-up of heightened stress levels that increases stress sensitivity and symptoms when exposed to another stressor. To test this, we investigated the effect of subjective stress recovery on the response to a subsequent stressor and paranoia. We applied two consecutive runs of the same combined physical and cognitive stressor separated by a recovery phase of 60 min in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 49). We repeatedly assessed self-reported stress, negative affect, heart rate, heart rate variability, salivary cortisol, and paranoia. Recovery of self-reported stress was defined as the geometric mean of the percentage changes of self-reported stress during recovery after the first stressor, and was regressed on the response to the second stressor controlling for self-reported stress during the first stressor. Lower subjective stress recovery predicted higher levels of self-reported stress, negative affect, and paranoia in response to the second stressor. The subjective stress recovery was not predictive of the physiological stress response (heart rate, heart rate variability, or salivary cortisol). Taken together, the findings indicate that recovery deficits could contribute to high levels of self-reported stress, negative affect, and paranoia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and that the improvement of stress recovery could be a promising approach for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Bahlinger
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Human Movement Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tania M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Human Movement Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Clamor
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Human Movement Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Germany
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Rajan EJE, Alwar SV, Gulati R, Rajiv R, Mitra T, Janardhanan R. Prospecting the theragnostic potential of the psycho-neuro-endocrinological perturbation of the gut-brain-immune axis for improving cardiovascular diseases outcomes. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1330327. [PMID: 38333633 PMCID: PMC10850560 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1330327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological derivatives and their effective influence on psychological parameters are increasingly being deciphered to better understand body-mind perspectives in health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut-brain immune axis is an attractive theragnostic target due to its innate capacity to excite the immune system by activating monocyte exosomes. These exosomes induce spontaneous alterations in the microRNAs within the brain endothelial cells, resulting in an acute inflammatory response with physiological and psychological sequelae, evidenced by anxiety and depression. Exploring the role of the stress models that influence anxiety and depression may reflect on the effect and role of exosomes, shedding light on various physiological responses that explain the contributing factors of cardiovascular disorders. The pathophysiological effects of gut-microbiome dysbiosis are further accentuated by alterations in the glucose metabolism, leading to type 2 diabetes, which is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. Understanding the role of exosomes and their implications for cell-to-cell communication, inflammatory responses, and neuronal stress reactions can easily provide insight into the gut-brain immune axis and downstream cardiovascular sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilda Judith Ezhil Rajan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Sai Varsaa Alwar
- Researcher, Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Richa Gulati
- Researcher, Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Rohan Rajiv
- Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PaA, United States
| | - Tridip Mitra
- Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Rajiv Janardhanan
- Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
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Tyra AT, Young DA, Ginty AT. Emotion regulation tendencies and cardiovascular responses to repeated acute psychological stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 194:112261. [PMID: 37914039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.112261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Poor emotion regulation has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) through maladaptive cardiovascular responses to psychological stress. However, there has been scant research examining the relationship between emotion regulation and habituation of cardiovascular responses to recurrent stress, which may be more directly applicable to the experience of stress in everyday life. The aims of the current study were to examine the associations between emotion regulation tendencies and cardiovascular stress reactivity, as well as habituation of cardiovascular reactivity across repeated stressors. A sample of 453 participants (mean (SD) age = 19.5 (1.3) years; 62 % women) completed a repeated stress paradigm, which consisted of two 10-minute baselines and two identical 4-minute stress tasks, separated by a 10-minute recovery period. Heart rate (HR) was measured continuously; systolic/diastolic blood pressures (SBP/DBP) were measured every 2 min. At the end of the visit, participants completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Results indicate that impulse control difficulties when distressed (a DERS subscale) were significantly associated with blunted SBP, DBP, and HR reactivity to both stressors, as well as impaired HR habituation across the stressors. None of the ERQ subscales (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) were found to be associated with cardiovascular stress reactivity or habituation. The outcomes of this study demonstrate a potential underlying physiological pathway through which impulse control difficulties when distressed may contribute to CVD risk. This study also reveals the importance of extending traditional cardiovascular stress reactivity protocols to include multiple exposures of the same stress task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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O'Riordan A, Young DA, Ginty AT. Physiological reactivity and habituation to acute psychological stress: The influence of trait extraversion. Biol Psychol 2023; 181:108599. [PMID: 37286097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adaptive physiological responses to stress have been suggested as a potential mechanism facilitating the association between extraversion and positive health outcomes. The present study examined the influence of extraversion on physiological reactivity and habituation to a standardized psychological stress task presented as two separate laboratory sessions approximately 48 days apart. METHODS The present study utilized data from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3. Participants in the study (N = 213, mean age = 30.13, SD = 10.85 years; female = 42.3 %) completed a standardized stress testing protocol twice, at two separate laboratory sessions. The stress protocol consisted of a speech preparation period (5-minutes), a public specking task (5-minutes), and a mental arithmetic task with observation (5-minutes). Trait extraversion was assessed using 10-items from the international personality item pool (IPIP). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and salivary cortisol (SC) were assessed throughout a baseline phase and the stress task phase. RESULTS Extraversion was statistically significantly associated with larger DBP and HR reactivity in response to the initial stress exposure, as well as greater habituation of DBP, MAP and HR on repeated stress exposure. No statistically significant associations emerged between extraversion and SBP responses, SC responses or self-reported state affective responses. CONCLUSION Extraversion is associated with greater cardiovascular reactivity, as well as pronounced cardiovascular habituation to acute social stress. These findings may indicate an adaptive response pattern amongst highly extraverted individuals and a potential mechanism leading to positive health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam O'Riordan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States.
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
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Campeau S, McNulty C, Stanley JT, Gerber AN, Sasse SK, Dowell RD. Determination of steady-state transcriptome modifications associated with repeated homotypic stress in the rat rostral posterior hypothalamic region. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1173699. [PMID: 37360161 PMCID: PMC10288150 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1173699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is epidemiologically correlated with physical and psychiatric disorders. Whereas many animal models of chronic stress induce symptoms of psychopathology, repeated homotypic stressors to moderate intensity stimuli typically reduce stress-related responses with fewer, if any, pathological symptoms. Recent results indicate that the rostral posterior hypothalamic (rPH) region is a significant component of the brain circuitry underlying response reductions (habituation) associated with repeated homotypic stress. To test whether posterior hypothalamic transcriptional regulation associates with the neuroendocrine modifications induced by repeated homotypic stress, RNA-seq was performed in the rPH dissected from adult male rats that experienced either no stress, 1, 3, or 7 stressful loud noise exposures. Plasma samples displayed reliable increases of corticosterone in all stressed groups, with the smallest increase in the group exposed to 7 loud noises, indicating significant habituation compared to the other stressed groups. While few or no differentially expressed genes were detected 24-h after one or three loud noise exposures, relatively large numbers of transcripts were differentially expressed between the group exposed to 7 loud noises when compared to the control or 3-stress groups, respectively, which correlated with the corticosterone response habituation observed. Gene ontology analyses indicated multiple significant functional terms related to neuron differentiation, neural membrane potential, pre- and post-synaptic elements, chemical synaptic transmission, vesicles, axon guidance and projection, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Some of the differentially expressed genes (Myt1l, Zmat4, Dlx6, Csrnp3) encode transcription factors that were independently predicted by transcription factor enrichment analysis to target other differentially regulated genes in this study. A similar experiment employing in situ hybridization histochemical analysis in additional animals validated the direction of change of the 5 transcripts investigated (Camk4, Gabrb2, Gad1, Grin2a and Slc32a) with a high level of temporal and regional specificity for the rPH. In aggregate, the results suggest that distinct patterns of gene regulation are obtained in response to a repeated homotypic stress regimen; they also point to a significant reorganization of the rPH region that may critically contribute to the phenotypic modifications associated with repeated homotypic stress habituation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Campeau
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Connor McNulty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Jacob T. Stanley
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Anthony N. Gerber
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sarah K. Sasse
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Robin D. Dowell
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
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O'Riordan A, Young DA, Tyra AT, Ginty AT. Extraversion is associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 189:20-29. [PMID: 37146652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extraversion has been associated with positive physical health outcomes, with adaptive cardiovascular responses to stress being one potential physiological mechanism. The present study examined the influence of extraversion on both cardiovascular reactivity and cardiovascular habituation to an acute psychological stress task (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT)) in a sample of healthy undergraduate students. METHODS A sample of 467 undergraduate students completed the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to assess trait extraversion and attended a single stress testing session. The testing session included two identical stress-testing protocols, each consisting of a 10-minute baseline and 4-minute PASAT. Cardiovascular parameters including heart rate (HR), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (S/DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded throughout the testing session. State measures of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), as well as post task measures of self-reported stress were used to assess psychological experiences of the stress task. RESULTS Extraversion was significantly associated with lower self-reported stress in response to the initial stress exposure, but not the second stress exposure. Higher levels of extraversion were associated with lower SBP, DBP, MAP and HR reactivity in responses to both exposures to the stressor. However, no significant associations were observed between extraversion and cardiovascular habituation to recurring psychological stress. CONCLUSION Extraversion is associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress and this relationship persists upon repeated exposures to the same stressor. Cardiovascular responses to stress may indicate a potential mechanism facilitating the association between extraversion and positive physical health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam O'Riordan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States.
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Alexandra T Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
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O' Riordan A, Young DA, Ginty AT. Disordered eating is associated with blunted blood pressure reactivity and poorer habituation to acute psychological stress. Biol Psychol 2023; 179:108553. [PMID: 37028794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress has been shown to influence the development and progression of disordered eating. Psychophysiological studies have reported that individuals with disordered eating behavior exhibit atypical cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress. However, prior studies have been limited by small sample sizes and have examined cardiovascular responses to a singular stress exposure. The current study examined the association between disordered eating and cardiovascular reactivity, as well as cardiovascular habituation to acute psychological stress. A mixed-sex sample (N = 450) of undergraduate students were categorized into a disordered eating or non-disordered eating group using a validated disordered eating screening questionnaire and attended a laboratory stress testing session. The testing session included two identical stress-testing protocols, each consisting of a 10-minute baseline and 4-minute stress task. Cardiovascular parameters including heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded throughout the testing session. Post task measures of self-reported stress, as well as positive affect and negative affect (NA) reactivity were used to assess psychological reactions to stress. The disordered eating group exhibited greater increases in NA reactivity in response to both stress exposures. Additionally, in comparison to the control group, those in the disordered eating group exhibited blunted MAP reactivity to the initial stress exposure and less MAP habituation across both stress exposures. These findings indicate that disordered eating is characterized by dysregulated hemodynamic stress responsivity, which may constitute a physiological mechanism leading to poor physical health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam O' Riordan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States.
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
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Lü W, Ji H, Li Y. Early life adversity and cardiovascular responses to repeated stress among adolescents: Moderating role of COMT gene rs4680 polymorphism. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 150:106029. [PMID: 36702041 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life adversity (ELA) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases through dysregulation of cardiovascular stress responses manifested by either exaggerated or blunted reactivity. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene rs4680 polymorphism has been identified in gene-environment interaction (G×E) studies to explain individual differences in the effects of ELA on physiological stress responses. However, little is known about whether ELA interacts with COMT gene rs4680 polymorphism to affect cardiovascular responses to repeated stress exposures. OBJECTIVE The current study examined the associations between ELA and cardiovascular responses to repeated stress exposures, and the moderating role of COMT rs4680 polymorphism in these associations. METHODS The childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) was administered to 359 junior school students who underwent a two-successive stress exposures protocol with continuous cardiovascular monitoring [heart rate (HR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP)] across four laboratory phases, and their saliva samples for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genotyping were collected. RESULTS ELA was associated with blunted HR reactivity to the first and second stress exposures, blunted SBP reactivity to the first stress exposure, and attenuated SBP habituation to repeated stress exposures. Moreover, COMT rs4680 moderated these associations, such that the associations between ELA and blunted HR, SBP, and DBP reactivity to the first stress and disrupted DBP habituation to repeated stress exposures only existed in GA/AA genotype carriers but not in GG genotype carriers. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the A allele of COMT rs4680 is vulnerable to the negative effects of ELA on the developmental dysregulation of stress physiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lü
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavior Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, China.
| | - Huayu Ji
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavior Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Yushan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavior Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, China
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Jordan KD, Smith TW. Adaptation to social-evaluative threat: Effects of repeated acceptance and status stressors on cardiovascular reactivity. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 183:61-70. [PMID: 36403804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Social-evaluative threat plays a key role in research on stress, health and related psychophysiological mechanisms such as cardiovascular reactivity (CVR). Social-evaluative threats can activate two broad social motives: striving for status, achievement and influence, and/or striving for acceptance, inclusion, and connection. Prior research emphasizes threats related to status (e.g., task performance) or combined threats to status and acceptance, obscuring their independent effects. Further, because prior research has mostly utilized single stressors, it is not clear if effects of social-evaluative threats involving status and acceptance on CVR persist or adapt quickly over repeated exposures. To address these issues, 139 undergraduates (93 females) were randomly assigned to undergo two repetitions of a stressful role-played interaction with a pre-recorded antagonistic partner under one of four conditions in a factorial design: low evaluative threat, high status threat only, high acceptance threat only, or a combined threat. In a single laboratory session, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded during baseline and two stressor exposures. Task-induced CVR demonstrated significant adaptation across exposures. Both forms of social evaluative threat produced additional CVR, and these differences between high and low social-evaluative threat were generally maintained across exposures. Hence, threats to social status and acceptance have independent and sustained effects on CVR across multiple stressor exposures, even in the context of overall adaptation of cardiovascular responses.
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12
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Moore MM, Tyra AT, Young DA, Ginty AT. Cardiovascular stress reactivity, habituation, and adiposity. Psychophysiology 2022; 60:e14232. [PMID: 36523148 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality is complex. One pathway through which adiposity may influence future health outcomes is by altering how biological systems respond to stress. The current study aimed to examine the association between two metrics of adiposity (body mass index and waist-hip ratio) and two indices of cardiovascular stress responses (reactivity and habituation). A sample of 455 participants (Mean age = 19.47, SD = 1.25 years; BMI = 24.32, SD = 5.04 kg/m2 ; 62% female; 17.9% Hispanic/Latino; 65.2% White, 18.7% Asian, 7.9% Black, 0.2% American Indian/Alaska Native, and 7% other) completed two acute psychosocial stress tasks. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded throughout each stressor. In unadjusted and adjusted models, there were no statistically significant associations between adiposity and HR, SBP, or DBP stress reactivity or habituation. The current data do not support the hypothesis that adiposity influences health by altering cardiovascular responses to acute psychological stress. Results are at odds with prior population-level studies and the single prior study examining adiposity and habituation. At the same time, results are in line with mounting evidence that adiposity itself does not drive poor cardiovascular outcomes seen in people classified as overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody M. Moore
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Baylor University Waco Texas USA
| | - Alexandra T. Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Baylor University Waco Texas USA
| | - Danielle A. Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Baylor University Waco Texas USA
| | - Annie T. Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Baylor University Waco Texas USA
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13
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McLoughlin E, Arnold R, Freeman P, Turner JE, Roberts GA, Fletcher D, Slavich GM, Moore LJ. Lifetime Stressor Exposure and Psychophysiological Reactivity and Habituation to Repeated Acute Social Stressors. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 44:427-438. [PMID: 36450294 PMCID: PMC9731321 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2022-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study addressed whether lifetime stressor exposure was associated with psychophysiological reactivity and habituation to a novel laboratory-based stressor. Eighty-six participants (Mage = 23.31 years, SD = 4.94) reported their exposure to lifetime non-sport and sport-specific stressors before completing two consecutive trials of the Trier Social Stress Test, while cardiovascular (i.e., heart rate) and endocrine (i.e., salivary cortisol) data were recorded. Exposure to a moderate number of lifetime non-sport and sport-specific stressors was associated with adaptive cardiovascular reactivity, whereas very low or very high stressor exposure was related to maladaptive reactivity. Moreover, experiencing a very low number of lifetime non-sport (but not sport-specific) stressors was associated with poorer habituation. In contrast, lifetime stressor severity was unrelated to cardiovascular reactivity. Finally, greater lifetime non-sport and sport-specific stressor counts were associated with blunted cortisol reactivity and poorer habituation. These results suggest that lifetime stressor exposure may influence sport performers' acute stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella McLoughlin
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Arnold
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,United Kingdom
| | - Paul Freeman
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Essex,United Kingdom
| | - James E Turner
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,United Kingdom
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham,United Kingdom
| | | | - David Fletcher
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough,United Kingdom
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,USA
| | - Lee J Moore
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,United Kingdom
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14
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Loeb EL, Gonzalez MZ, Hunt G, Uchino BN, de Grey RGK, Allen JP. Socioeconomic status in early adolescence predicts blunted stress responses in adulthood. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22294. [PMID: 35748628 PMCID: PMC9328275 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Individuals who grow up in families with lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to experience disproportionate rates of chronic stress. The “freeze” response, characterized by blunted cardiovascular reactivity and reduced engagement with the environment, is associated with chronic stress and may be utilized when an individual is unable to escape or overcome environmental stressors. Using a diverse community sample of 184 adolescents followed from the age of 13 to 29 years, along with their friends and romantic partners, this study examined links between family SES and stress responses in adulthood. Low family SES at the age of 13 years directly predicted blunted heart rate responding and fewer attempts to answer math problems during a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Task at the age of 29 years. Indirect effects were found from low family SES to blunted respiratory sinus arrhythmia responding and the number of words spoken during a speech task. SES at the age of 29 years mediated many of these relations. Findings held after accounting for a number of potential confounds, including adolescent academic and attachment functioning and body mass index. We interpret these findings as evidence that low familial SES may predict freezing‐type responses in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Loeb
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Gabrielle Hunt
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph P Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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15
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Hu Y, Ni Q, Lü W. Avoidant Personality Disorder Symptoms and Cardiovascular Reactivity to Psychological Stress Tasks With Increasing Cognitive Demands. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. This study aimed to investigate whether and how avoidant personality disorder symptoms are related to cardiovascular reactivity to stress tasks with different levels of cognitive demands. The revised Chinese edition of the avoidant personality disorder subscale of Personality Diagnosed Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) was administered to 222 undergraduate students randomly assigned to psychological stress tasks (i.e., mental arithmetic tasks) with low, moderate, or high cognitive demands (manipulated by task difficulty), during which their physiological data were continuously collected. Results showed that avoidant personality disorder symptoms and cognitive demands of tasks interactively predicted systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity. In specific, avoidant personality disorder symptoms were not associated with SBP reactivity under the low- and moderate-demand conditions and DBP reactivity under the low-demand condition but were associated with blunted SBP reactivity under the high-demand condition and blunted DBP reactivity under the moderate- and high-demand conditions. These findings indicate that the association between avoidant personality disorder symptoms and cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress is contingent on the cognitive demands of tasks, which have potential implications for physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Hu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Qing Ni
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Wei Lü
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, PR China
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16
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Gassen J, Nowak TJ, Henderson AD, Weaver SP, Baker EJ, Muehlenbein MP. Longitudinal changes in COVID-19 concern and stress: Pandemic fatigue overrides individual differences in caution. J Public Health Res 2022; 11:22799036221119011. [PMID: 36052100 PMCID: PMC9425906 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221119011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pandemic fatigue describes a phenomenon whereby individuals experience a decrease in COVID-19 concern over time, despite their risk for infection remaining stable, or even increasing. Individual differences in the experience of pandemic fatigue may have important implications for people’s adherence to public health recommendations. Design and methods: Using data collected from a large community cohort in McLennan County, TX, longitudinal changes in COVID-19-related concern, stress, and affect across three appointments separated by approximately 4 weeks (July–November 2020) were examined. About 495, 349, and 286 participants completed one, two, and three appointments, respectively. Changes to stress physiology and local travel over time were also analyzed. Results: Results of a latent class growth analysis revealed four distinct classes of individuals: (a) low concern, low stress, (b) moderate concern, moderate stress, (c) moderate concern, low stress, and (d) high concern, high stress. Despite differences between latent classes in initial levels of concern, stress, and negative affect, levels of each variable decreased over time for all groups. While this reduction of concern did not coincide with changes in local travel, it was reflected in heart rate and blood pressure. Conclusions: Together, these results suggest a general trend of pandemic fatigue in the sample, even for those with moderate-to-high levels of initial COVID-19 stress and concern. Such findings may provide insights into the expected challenges of promoting compliance with public health recommendations as the pandemic continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Gassen
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Tomasz J Nowak
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Erich J Baker
- Department of Computer Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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17
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Howard S. OLD IDEAS, NEW DIRECTIONS: RE-EXAMINING THE PREDICTIVE UTILITY OF THE HEMODYNAMIC PROFILE OF THE STRESS RESPONSE IN HEALTHY POPULATIONS. Health Psychol Rev 2022; 17:104-120. [PMID: 35452356 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2022.2067210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The 'reactivity hypothesis' has a long and fruitful history in health psychology and behavioural medicine, with elements of its thesis taken as core and others lost in the plethora of research on its utility as a theory of psychosomatic disease. One such thesis is that the underlying hemodynamic profile of the stress response may be particularly revealing when detailing the impact of psychological stress on the development of cardiovascular disease. This paper re-examines old ideas surrounding the hemodynamic profile of the stress response, asking why its health-predictive properties were never fully explored. Further, this paper reviews the evidence that a vascular profile of stress responding may be especially predictive of disease development, particularly in the case of hypertension. In addition, measurement of hemodynamic profile as well as its known psychosocial moderators are reviewed including how examination of patterns of cardiovascular-stress response adaptation may extend the field. This paper highlights that the extension of the reactivity hypothesis to include both hemodynamic profile and patterns of cardiovascular stress-response adaptation may hold much explanatory power in detailing the impact of how stress responding and stress tolerance promotes disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhán Howard
- SASHLab, Centre for Social Issues Research, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
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18
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DuPont CM, Pressman SD, Reed RG, Manuck SB, Marsland AL, Gianaros PJ. An online Trier social stress paradigm to evoke affective and cardiovascular responses. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14067. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M. DuPont
- Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Sarah D. Pressman
- Department of Psychological Science University of California Irvine California USA
| | - Rebecca G. Reed
- Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Stephen B. Manuck
- Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Anna L. Marsland
- Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Peter J. Gianaros
- Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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19
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Morais-Silva G, Gomes-de-Souza L, Costa-Ferreira W, Pavan JC, Crestani CC, Marin MT. Cardiovascular Reactivity to a Novel Stressor: Differences on Susceptible and Resilient Rats to Social Defeat Stress. Front Physiol 2022; 12:781447. [PMID: 35250603 PMCID: PMC8889071 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.781447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged and heightened responses to stress are known factors that influence the development of mood disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the coping strategies related to the experience of adverse events, i.e., resilience or the susceptibility to stress, are determinants for the individual risk of developing such diseases. Susceptible rats to the social defeat stress (SDS), identified by the social interaction test (SIT), show behavioral and cardiovascular alterations after SDS exposure that are not found in resilient rats. However, it is not elucidated yet how the cardiovascular system of susceptible and resilient phenotypes responds to a new stressor after SDS exposure. Thus, using the SDS exposure followed by the SIT, we evaluated heart rate, blood pressure (BP), tail skin temperature, and circulating corticosterone responses to an acute session of restraint stress in susceptible and resilient rats to SDS. Susceptible rats showed resting tachycardia and exaggerated BP response to restraint stress, while resilient rats did not present such alterations. In contrast, both phenotypes showed increased plasma corticosterone and a drop in tail skin temperature to restraint stress, which was similar to that observed in control animals. Our results revealed an increased cardiovascular reactivity in response to a new stressful stimulus in susceptible rats, which might be related to a greater risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gessynger Morais-Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gomes-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Willian Costa-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline C. Pavan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos C. Crestani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marcelo T. Marin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), UFSCar/UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marcelo T. Marin,
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20
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Schiweck C, Gholamrezaei A, Hellyn M, Vaessen T, Vrieze E, Claes S. Exhausted Heart Rate Responses to Repeated Psychological Stress in Women With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:869608. [PMID: 35509881 PMCID: PMC9058080 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.869608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Past research links depression and blunted cardiac vagal reactivity to chronic stress. Yet, to our knowledge no experiment investigates heart rate (variability) responses to a repeated laboratory stressor in patients with depression. Repeated exposure may provide valuable information on stress reactivity in depression. Fifty-nine women (30 inpatients diagnosed with depression and 29 matched controls) underwent two consecutive runs of a mental arithmetic stress paradigm consisting of one baseline and two exposures to control, stress, and recovery phases of 5 min each, in a case-control design. Subjective stress and electrocardiography were recorded. Variance of heart rate (HR) and root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD) were analyzed using linear mixed models. Overall, physiological parameters (HR and RMSSD) and subjective stress showed a strong group effect (all p < 0.001). In both groups, subjective stress and HR increased in response to stress, but the subjective stress levels of patients with depression did not return to baseline levels after the first stressor and for the remainder of the experiment (all p < 0.004 compared to baseline). Patients' HR reactivity responded oppositely: while HR recovered after the first stress exposure, no reactivity was observed in response to the second exposure. These findings may suggest that the often-reported blunted HR/HRV response to stressors results from exhaustion rather than an incapacity to react to stress. The altered HR reactivity could indicate allostatic (over-) load in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Schiweck
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Psychiatry Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali Gholamrezaei
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Pain Management Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maxim Hellyn
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Vaessen
- Psychiatry Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elske Vrieze
- Psychiatry Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan Claes
- Psychiatry Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Effect of childhood maltreatment on cardiovascular response habitation to repeated psychosocial stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 172:10-16. [PMID: 34954315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment as an early-life stress leads to cardiovascular stress response dysregulation manifested by either exaggerated or blunted stress responses. However, little is known how childhood maltreatment affects cardiovascular response habituation to recurrent stress, which implicated in the long-term health effects of chronic stress. The scale of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was administered to 192 healthy undergraduates who underwent continuous cardiovascular monitoring [heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR)] while facing two consecutive psychosocial stress exposures (public speaking tasks). Results showed that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with HR and CO reactivity to the first stress exposure and HR reactivity to the second stress exposure. Even after controlling for depression symptoms, both high and low childhood maltreatment groups (upper and lower 27% of total CTQ scores) exhibited HR and CO response habituation to repeated stress exposures, but high childhood maltreatment group showed blunted HR and CO reactivity to the first stress exposure compared with low childhood maltreatment group. These findings suggest that the observed cardiovascular response habituation to repeated stress following initial blunted (i.e., inadequate) reactivity among individuals with high childhood maltreated experiences might be maladaptive, which would lead to cardiovascular disease risk.
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22
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Gecaite-Stonciene J, Hughes BM, Burkauskas J, Bunevicius A, Kazukauskiene N, van Houtum L, Brozaitiene J, Neverauskas J, Mickuviene N. Fatigue Is Associated With Diminished Cardiovascular Response to Anticipatory Stress in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:692098. [PMID: 34483954 PMCID: PMC8416171 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.692098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fatigue and psychophysiological reactions to mental stress are known to be problematic in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Currently, studies exploring the relationship between fatigue and cardiovascular reactivity to stress are scarce and inconsistent. The current study aimed to investigate the links between cardiovascular response to mental stress and fatigue in CAD patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods The cross-sectional study investigated 142 CAD patients (85% males, 52 ± 8 years) within 2-3 weeks after recent myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris. Fatigue symptoms were measured using Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20-items, while cardiovascular reactivity to stress [i.e., systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure (ΔBP), and heart rate (ΔHR)] was evaluated during Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). In addition, participants completed psychometric measures, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the Type D Scale-14. Multivariable linear regression analyses were completed to evaluate associations between fatigue and cardiovascular response to TSST, while controlling for confounders. Results After controlling for baseline levels of cardiovascular measures, age, gender, education, heart failure severity, arterial hypertension, smoking history, use of nitrates, anxiety and depressive symptoms, Type D Personality, perceived task difficulty, and perceived task efforts, cardiovascular reactivity to anticipatory stress was inversely associated with both global fatigue (ΔHR: β = -0.238; p = 0.04) and mental fatigue (ΔSBP: β = -0.244; p = 0.04; ΔHR β = -0.303; p = 0.01) as well as total fatigue (ΔSBP: β = -0.331; p = 0.01; ΔHR: β = -0.324; p = 0.01). Conclusion In CAD patients after ACS, fatigue was linked with diminished cardiovascular function during anticipation of a mental stress challenge, even after inclusion of possible confounders. Further similar studies exploring other psychophysiological stress responses are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Brian M Hughes
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Adomas Bunevicius
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Nijole Kazukauskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Lisanne van Houtum
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Julija Brozaitiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Julius Neverauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Narseta Mickuviene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
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23
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Tyra AT, Cook TE, Young DA, Hurley PE, Oosterhoff BJ, John-Henderson NA, Ginty AT. Adverse childhood experiences, sex, and cardiovascular habituation to repeated stress. Biol Psychol 2021; 165:108175. [PMID: 34461149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are robustly associated with later cardiovascular disease. Alterations in cardiovascular responses to stress may be an underlying mechanism. The present study examined whether ACEs predicted habituation of cardiovascular responses across two acute laboratory stress tasks, and whether this differed between men and women. During a single laboratory visit, 453 healthy young adults completed two identical stress-inducing protocols, each involving a 10-minute baseline and 4-minute acute psychological stress task. Heart rate (HR) and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (S/DBP) were recorded throughout. Participants also completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences scale. Cardiovascular responses habituated from the first to second stress task on average across the entire sample. However, women-but not men-with higher self-reported ACEs displayed less habituation of HR and DBP, but not SBP, across the stress tasks. Results suggest that ACEs may alter the body's ability to adaptively respond to stress exposures in adulthood, specifically in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97334, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
| | - Taryn E Cook
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97334, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Danielle A Young
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97334, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Page E Hurley
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97334, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Benjamin J Oosterhoff
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, 319 Traphagen Hall, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Neha A John-Henderson
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, 319 Traphagen Hall, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Annie T Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97334, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
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24
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Scalise F, Margonato D, Frigerio A, Zappa R, Romano R, Beretta E. Heart rate variability, postural sway and electrodermal activity in competitive golf putting. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1027-1032. [PMID: 34296843 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stressful conditions during competitive golf putting may result in impaired performance, producing physiological changes. Nevertheless, simultaneous measurements of postural sway (PS), heart rate variability (HRV) and electrodermal activity (EDA) during a competitive golf putting have not yet been examined. This study aims at describing if changes in PS, HRV and EDA during golf putting, might affect the golfer's performance. METHODS Based on EGA-handicap, 40 amateur golfers were divided in 2 groups. They competed in an indoor round of golf putting. PS, EDA, HRV and putting performance (SCORE) were recorded at basal and during competition. RESULTS During the putting round, a significant increase in low-frequency power (LF) and decrease in high-frequency power (HF) was found in Group A, leading to an increased LF/HF ratio. The heart rate increased significantly more in Group A than in Group B, but the stress index (SI) remained lower in this group. EDA significantly increased in both groups, with no statistical difference between groups. No statistical difference in SCORE was observed. CONCLUSIONS Despite the significant differences observed between the two groups, both at baseline and in response to competition, no variation of the studied variables was associated with a better putting performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Scalise
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Heart Center, Monza, Italy -
| | - Davide Margonato
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Heart Center, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Raffaele Romano
- Sports Medicine and Exercise, Clinical Institute of Verano Brianza, Verano Brianza, Monza-Brianza, Italy
| | - Egidio Beretta
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza, Monza-Brianza, Italy
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25
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Shier AJ, Keogh T, Costello AM, Riordan AO, Gallagher S. Eveningness, depression and cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress: A mediation model. Physiol Behav 2021; 240:113550. [PMID: 34371021 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The psychological pathways linking depression to blunted cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) are still being elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to test whether the association between eveningness, a diurnal/sleep-wake preference and CVR would be mediated by depressive symptoms. One hundred and eighty-two healthy young adults completed measures of morningness/eveningness (the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; MEQ-SA), depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS) and had their blood pressure and heart rate monitored throughout a standardised stress testing protocol. Results indicated that depressive symptoms were negatively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) but not diastolic blood pressure (DBP) or heart rate (HR) reactions to the stress task. Eveningness was also negatively associated with both SBP and DBP, but not HR. As such, those who reported increased depressive symptomology, and higher scores on eveningness displayed a more blunted cardiovascular response. Furthermore, the latter relationship was mediated by depressive symptoms such that those reporting higher scores on eveningness also reported increased depressive symptomology and this resulted in blunted CVR for SBP. These findings withstood adjustment for several confounding factors including time of testing. In conclusion, the present findings highlight the importance of considering eveningness when looking at the depression-blunted CVR relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Shier
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Tracey Keogh
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Aisling M Costello
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Adam O' Riordan
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues Research, Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
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26
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Griffin SM, Howard S. Instructed reappraisal and cardiovascular habituation to recurrent stress. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13783. [PMID: 33538020 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Instructed reappraisal has previously been associated with a challenge-oriented cardiovascular response profile, indexed by greater cardiac output (CO) and lower total peripheral resistance (TPR), in response to a single stress exposure. The present study builds on this research by employing a stress habituation paradigm where participants completed a speech task twice; in which prior to the second task participants heard reappraisal instructions (i.e., view feelings of stress arousal as something that is beneficial) or control instructions. This paradigm allowed us to (a) test if reappraisal aids cardiovascular habituation to recurrent stress, and (b) examine if reappraisal leads to a within-participant change in CO/TPR responding from an uninstructed task to an instructed reappraisal task. Habitual use of reappraisal was assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The analyses report upon 173 young adults (121 women, 52 men). Cardiovascular parameters were measured continuously using the Finometer Pro. All participants demonstrated similar cardiovascular habituation during the second stress exposure (lower SBP, CO, and HR); suggesting that reappraisal did not aid cardiovascular habituation to recurrent stress. Reappraisal instructions did not lead to a challenge-oriented response compared to both the control group and responses to the uninstructed task. This study is the first to examine the relationship between instructed reappraisal and cardiovascular habituation and identifies that habitual use of reappraisal does not interact with reappraisal instructions to influence cardiovascular responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhán M Griffin
- SASHLab, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Centre for Social Issues Research, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Siobhán Howard
- SASHLab, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Centre for Social Issues Research, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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27
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Ahmad M, Tyra AT, Ginty AT, Brindle RC. Trait neuroticism does not relate to cardiovascular reactivity or habituation to repeated acute psychosocial stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 165:112-120. [PMID: 33915234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuroticism has been associated with adverse cardiovascular health. Adverse cardiovascular health outcomes have also been linked to cardiovascular reactivity and cardiovascular reactivity habituation to acute psychosocial stress. As such, cardiovascular stress reactivity and habituation may be a factor in the association between neuroticism and disease risk. However, studies of the relationship between neuroticism and cardiovascular reactivity have produced mixed results. Moreover, the relationships between neuroticism, cardiovascular reactivity habituation, and general affect across a repeated stress paradigm have not been examined. The present study aimed to assess the relationships between neuroticism, positive and negative affect, and cardiovascular reactivity and habituation to acute psychosocial stress in a large, demographically diverse sample. Participants (N = 426) completed two 4-min mental arithmetic stressors, each with a separate baseline, in a single laboratory session while having discrete blood pressure and heart rate measurements taken. State positive and negative affect were measured immediately following informed consent, after receiving task instructions, and after each stress task. Trait neuroticism was measured using the Big Five Inventory. Each stress task elicited significant cardiovascular changes. Trait neuroticism was not significantly associated with cardiovascular reactivity or cardiovascular reactivity habituation, within or across stress tasks (all p's > 0.12). Across the entire study protocol, neuroticism was significantly related to lower positive affect and higher negative affect (both p's < 0.001). Trait neuroticism did not relate to stress-related cardiovascular adjustments but might confer a predisposition toward high negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midha Ahmad
- Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA, United States of America
| | | | - Annie T Ginty
- Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States of America
| | - Ryan C Brindle
- Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA, United States of America.
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28
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Eres R, Bolton I, Lim M, Lambert G, Lambert E. Cardiovascular responses to social stress elicited by the cyberball task. HEART AND MIND 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_31_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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29
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Lü W, Yao Z. Type D personality and blunted cardiovascular stress reactivity: Role of task engagement. Br J Health Psychol 2020; 26:385-400. [PMID: 33159832 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The underlying mechanisms for linking Type D personality to cardiovascular stress reactivity remain unknown. The present study explored the possible mediating role of cognitive appraisals of stress and/or motivational levels involved in stress in the association between Type D personality and cardiovascular stress reactivity. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Chinese version of Type D Scale-14 was administered to 154 undergraduate students who underwent psychosocial stress during which the physiological data were continuously monitored, and cognitive appraisals indexed by a ratio of perceived stress demands to perceived personal resources and motivational levels engaged in stress indexed by self-reported stress task engagement were immediately assessed after the stress exposure. RESULTS Results indicated that Type D personality was related to blunted HR, SBP, and DBP reactivity to stress. Self-reported stress task engagement mediated the relation between Type D personality and blunted cardiovascular stress reactivity. The mediation effect of cognitive appraisals on this link was non-significant. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that motivational disengagement in the psychosocial stress task might be an important pathway linking Type D personality to blunted cardiovascular stress reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lü
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyan Yao
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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30
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Frequency and perceptions of life stress are associated with reduced cardiovascular stress-response adaptation. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 157:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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31
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Tyra AT, Brindle RC, Hughes BM, Ginty AT. Cynical hostility relates to a lack of habituation of the cardiovascular response to repeated acute stress. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13681. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T. Tyra
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Baylor University Waco TX USA
| | - Ryan C. Brindle
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science and Neuroscience Program Washington and Lee University Lexington VA USA
| | - Brian M. Hughes
- School of Psychology National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - Annie T. Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Baylor University Waco TX USA
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32
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Howard S, Fitzgerald G, Gallagher S. Cardiovascular stress reactions in recent- and long-retired rugby players when watching a game. Physiol Behav 2020; 219:112832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Stephens R, Robertson O. Swearing as a Response to Pain: Assessing Hypoalgesic Effects of Novel "Swear" Words. Front Psychol 2020; 11:723. [PMID: 32425851 PMCID: PMC7204505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research showing that swearing alleviates pain is extended by addressing emotion arousal and distraction as possible mechanisms. We assessed the effects of a conventional swear word (“fuck”) and two new “swear” words identified as both emotion-arousing and distracting: “fouch” and “twizpipe.” A mixed sex group of participants (N = 92) completed a repeated measures experimental design augmented by mediation analysis. The independent variable was repeating one of four different words: “fuck” vs. “fouch” vs. “twizpipe” vs. a neutral word. The dependent variables were emotion rating, humor rating, distraction rating, cold pressor pain threshold, cold pressor pain tolerance, pain perception score, and change from resting heart rate. Mediation analyses were conducted for emotion, humor, and distraction ratings. For conventional swearing (“fuck”), confirmatory analyses found a 32% increase in pain threshold and a 33% increase in pain tolerance, accompanied by increased ratings for emotion, humor, and distraction, relative to the neutral word condition. The new “swear” words, “fouch” and “twizpipe,” were rated as more emotional and humorous than the neutral word but did not affect pain threshold or tolerance. Changes in heart rate and pain perception were absent. Our data replicate previous findings that repeating a swear word at a steady pace and volume benefits pain tolerance, extending this finding to pain threshold. Mediation analyses did not identify a pathway via which such effects manifest. Distraction appears to be of little importance but emotion arousal is worthy of future study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olly Robertson
- School of Psychology, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom.,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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34
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Differential effects of avoidance and approach negative personality traits on patterns of stress cardiovascular responses. ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA SINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1041.2020.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Sindeeva OA, Verkhovskii RA, Abdurashitov AS, Voronin DV, Gusliakova OI, Kozlova AA, Mayorova OA, Ermakov AV, Lengert EV, Navolokin NA, Tuchin VV, Gorin DA, Sukhorukov GB, Bratashov DN. Effect of Systemic Polyelectrolyte Microcapsule Administration on the Blood Flow Dynamics of Vital Organs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:389-397. [PMID: 33463221 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte microcapsules and other targeted drug delivery systems could substantially reduce the side effects of drug and overall toxicity. At the same time, the cardiovascular system is a unique transport avenue that can deliver drug carriers to any tissue and organ. However, one of the most important potential problems of drug carrier systemic administration in clinical practice is that the carriers might cause circulatory disorders, the development of pulmonary embolism, ischemia, and tissue necrosis due to the blockage of small capillaries. Thus, the presented work aims to find out the processes occurring in the bloodstream after the systemic injection of polyelectrolyte capsules that are 5 μm in size. It was shown that 1 min after injection, the number of circulating capsules decreases several times, and after 15 min less than 1% of the injected dose is registered in the blood. By this time, most capsules accumulate in the lungs, liver, and kidneys. However, magnetic field action could slightly increase the accumulation of capsules in the region-of-interest. For the first time, we have investigated the real-time blood flow changes in vital organs in vivo after intravenous injection of microcapsules using a laser speckle contrast imaging system. We have demonstrated that the organism can adapt to the emergence of drug carriers in the blood and their accumulation in the vessels of vital organs. Additionally, we have evaluated the safety of the intravenous administration of various doses of microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sindeeva
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 6 Mikluho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Roman A Verkhovskii
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Politekhnicheskaya st., Saratov 410054, Russia
| | - Arkady S Abdurashitov
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Denis V Voronin
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,National University of Oil and Gas (Gubkin University), 65 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga I Gusliakova
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya st., Moscow 121205, Russia
| | | | - Oksana A Mayorova
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Ermakov
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Lengert
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Ghent University, 653 Coupure Links, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Nikita A Navolokin
- Saratov State Medical University, 112 Bolshaya Kazachia st., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Valery V Tuchin
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,National University of Oil and Gas (Gubkin University), 65 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences, 24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya st., Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 6 Mikluho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobelya st., Moscow 121205, Russia.,Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Daniil N Bratashov
- Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow 141701, Russia
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36
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Lee EM, Hughes BM. Trait dominance and cardiovascular functioning during social stress. Stress Health 2019; 35:516-524. [PMID: 31276288 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to stress has been found to be an important indicator of future ill health, and individual differences in personality have been posited to explain disparities in outcomes. Dominance is associated with forceful persons who desire hierarchy in social interactions. This study investigated dominance and CVR during social or asocial stressors. Sixty-one women, categorized as low, moderate, or high in dominance using the Jackson Personality Research Form, completed a social or asocial stressor while undergoing cardiovascular measurement during baseline, stressor, and recovery phases. A 3 × 2 × 3 analysis of covariance revealed a significant Phase × Stressor × Dominance interaction for systolic blood pressure (SBP). Women with lower and moderate dominance-but not women with higher dominance-exhibited greater SBP responses to stress in the social condition compared with the asocial condition. No significant difference was found for women with higher dominance, indicative of blunted SBP during the social stressor. During recovery, women with lower dominance had marginally elevated SBP in the social condition compared with the asocial condition. The current study extends prior knowledge of the association between dominance and CVR, such that greater dominance was associated with blunted SBP and lower dominance was associated with attenuated recovery to social stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear M Lee
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Brian M Hughes
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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37
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O'Súilleabháin PS, Hughes BM, Oommen AM, Joshi L, Cunningham S. Vulnerability to stress: Personality facet of vulnerability is associated with cardiovascular adaptation to recurring stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 144:34-39. [PMID: 31229589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly suggested that personality traits are critical to understanding patterns of cardiovascular stress adaptation. However, studies have focused on higher-order traits with no research having examined underlying facet effects to repeated stress. The examination of facets provides a more granular examination, which has the potential to identify specific personality components that are relevant within the context of psychophysiological stress adaptation. This study objective was to determine if the underlying facets which encapsulate the dimension of emotional stability, are associated with cardiovascular adaptation to recurring stress. Continuous cardiovascular monitoring and psychometric measures were collated from 79 healthy young male and female adults, across a protocol of recurring active stress tasks. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the facet of vulnerability was associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure adaptation across the protocol. More specifically, vulnerability was negatively associated with adaptation to recurring stress, such that those highest in vulnerability displayed a sensitization to the recurring stressor. No significant effects emerged for any other facet. Importantly, this research adds to the existing literature examining stress adaptation and has implications for future research on the relevance of examining facet effects. This study is the first to implicate the personality facet of vulnerability which encapsulates an individual's tendency to feel unable to cope with stress and becoming hopeless when faced with emergency situations, in the context of cardiovascular stress adaptation. Taken together, this study suggests that the facet of vulnerability is a critical component to consider in the context of cardiovascular stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Páraic S O'Súilleabháin
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Brian M Hughes
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anup M Oommen
- Glycoscience Group, NCBES National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Glycoscience Group, NCBES National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stephen Cunningham
- Glycoscience Group, NCBES National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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38
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Soye A, O'Súilleabháin PS. Facets of openness to experience are associated with cardiovascular reactivity and adaptation across both active and passive stress exposures. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 140:26-32. [PMID: 30946867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests the personality trait of Openness to Experience is associated with cardiovascular stress processes. It is unknown if the underlying facets of Openness are associated with cardiovascular responsivity, and whether adaptation is evident across active and passive stress. The objective of this study was to determine if the facets of Openness are related to cardiovascular reactivity and adaptation across active and passive stress exposures. Personality measures and continuous cardiovascular data from sixty-six female adults across a protocol of active and passive stress tasks were collated. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the facet of Feelings was associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity to active stress. Examination of cardiovascular adaption revealed that the facet of Feelings was positively associated with SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) adaptation, whereas the facet of Actions demonstrated a negative association. Supplementary analyses revealed the significant effects for Feelings were not reliant on the remaining Openness facets, whereas the significant effects for Actions were. No significant effects emerged for the higher-order trait of Openness. These findings suggest that the underlying facet of Feelings is associated with active stress reactivity, with the facets of Feelings and Actions appearing to be of importance to cardiovascular adaptation. This study is the first to demonstrate personality effects on cardiovascular adaptation across active and passive stress. Attending to the facets of personality traits may provide a more precise understanding of the personality effects on cardiovascular stress psychophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Soye
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Páraic S O'Súilleabháin
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
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39
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Hughes BM, Steffen PR, Thayer JF. The psychophysiology of stress and adaptation: Models, pathways, and implications. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 131:1-3. [PMID: 29964069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Hughes
- School of Psychology, National University of Galway, Ireland.
| | - Patrick R Steffen
- Deparment of Psychology, Brigham Young University, United States of America
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Deparment of Psychology, Ohio State University, United States of America
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